CA1086434A - Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewage - Google Patents
Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewageInfo
- Publication number
- CA1086434A CA1086434A CA287,932A CA287932A CA1086434A CA 1086434 A CA1086434 A CA 1086434A CA 287932 A CA287932 A CA 287932A CA 1086434 A CA1086434 A CA 1086434A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- coal
- sewage
- sorptive
- chamber
- treatment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention concerns a means of providing tertiary treatment to incoming raw sewage to the septic tank. This is accomplished by providing an improved type sewage treatment container having three tertiary treatment chambers. In a first treatment chamber an artifial turbulent area is created containing therein a quantity of selected sorptive coal fines. Incoming raw sewage if directed towards the turbulent area wherein it is intermixed with the sorptive coal fines. Periodically the eff-luent from the first chamber is passed into the second chamber wherein second stage sedimentation occurs. The effluent from the second chamber is then passed into a third sedimentation chamber wherein third stage sedimentation occurs, the settled sludge from the third sedimentation chamber is passed by means of a steeply sloped floor down through an opening in the lower portion of the second and third divider wall of the sedimentation chambers, the effluent from the said third sedimentation chamber is then discharged as treated effluent by the outlet means to surface waters.
The present invention concerns a means of providing tertiary treatment to incoming raw sewage to the septic tank. This is accomplished by providing an improved type sewage treatment container having three tertiary treatment chambers. In a first treatment chamber an artifial turbulent area is created containing therein a quantity of selected sorptive coal fines. Incoming raw sewage if directed towards the turbulent area wherein it is intermixed with the sorptive coal fines. Periodically the eff-luent from the first chamber is passed into the second chamber wherein second stage sedimentation occurs. The effluent from the second chamber is then passed into a third sedimentation chamber wherein third stage sedimentation occurs, the settled sludge from the third sedimentation chamber is passed by means of a steeply sloped floor down through an opening in the lower portion of the second and third divider wall of the sedimentation chambers, the effluent from the said third sedimentation chamber is then discharged as treated effluent by the outlet means to surface waters.
Description
~ 6~L3~L
The present invention relates to the tertiary treatment of septic tank sewage by means of sorptive processing and enhaneed sedimentation.
The septic tank is essentially a water-tight container into which raw sewage is discharged and re~alned for about 24 hours or more. Its purpose is primarily ~o allow solids in the sewage to settle out a~ sludge or ~o float a~ ~cum~
thereby permitting the liquid portion o~ the sewage to leave the tank comparatively frae of set~leable and floating solids~
According ~o the present invention the pxovi~ion o~
tertiary type trea~ment to septic tank sewage is carried on within the conf ines of the ~eptic tan~ and involves two main aspec~s~ (1) the retentiony sedimentation and di~estion of incoming settleablep floating and digestable ~lids to the ~ep~ic tank~ (2~ ~he enhancement of the sep-tic tank ~ewage-treatment proces~ by tertiary means which involve~ the adding and intermixing by incoming sewage-~lo~
turbulen~e of finely granulated 1orptive coal additives,t the sewage, prior to its discharge into, its ~o journ in, it~ Pas~age through, its s~ttling therefrom the s~wage prior ~o its di~charge from the septic tank.
Sept~c tank sewage-treatment has been with us ~or a hund-red years or more, and has been an effective ~ay of di~pos-.
ing o~ human ~ewage waste~. However, due to our changing ~ating habit~,our ever changing standard of living and the myriad Of chemicals touching every facet o~ our lives whi~hD
are all eventually destined to ~nd up in the septic tankg the biological or digesting par~ o~ the SQptic sewagQ treat-.
: 30 ment ~ystem is i8 unable to cope with the infl~x and i~
` subject ~o p~e~ently ~nsolved malfun~ioning~
:.
, ~ .
~6~3~L
~ e effe~kiv~ functioning~ instead oX a malfunctioning~eptic tank can be be~bter achiev~d when i~c i8 under~tood that the sepkic tank largely accomPlishes its purpose through the digestion of the sludge by an~erobic bacteria~
These ana~robes are present in the body waste~- rhey thrive in an environment which is warm, wet, dark and devoid of f resh air-'"' ~ In condition~ which prevailed about 50 years ago before ; the advent of fOOd additives, cooking additives, dishwash-10 ers, and automatic clothes wash~rs, conditions beneficial to e~fect the tr~atment of the sewage in the septic tank were ideal. The 6eptic tank simply allows the sewage to re~t for a 24 hour period under the aforementioned beneficial condition~9 so tha~ rapid multiplication of bacteria takes place. Thes~ bacteria which-acco~Plish this digestion can multiply many thousands of times, they do this only to the extent tha~ food va~ue~ are available to them, if the~e same food values are unsuitable or unusable because of toxic or undige~table 3ubstance~ therein then the digestive 20 processes may be ~topped and the mostly untreated sewaçJe i8 discharg~d from the ~ptic tank to seal off the porou~
di~trlbution media in the sep~ic tank dispo~3al ~ield-.:
It is the principle objec~ of the present invention to ; provide tertiary type tr~atment to septic tank 9ewage prior : to it~ d$scharg~ into, at the influent to, during its ret-~ntion, ~edimentation and digestion stages and during it~
;~ pa~sage through the ~eptic tank prior to its discharge therefrom.
For the purpose o.E th~ present invention; the tert-: iary sewage trea~ment container is referred to as an imp-roved septic-tank-structured container.
The present invention relates to the tertiary treatment of septic tank sewage by means of sorptive processing and enhaneed sedimentation.
The septic tank is essentially a water-tight container into which raw sewage is discharged and re~alned for about 24 hours or more. Its purpose is primarily ~o allow solids in the sewage to settle out a~ sludge or ~o float a~ ~cum~
thereby permitting the liquid portion o~ the sewage to leave the tank comparatively frae of set~leable and floating solids~
According ~o the present invention the pxovi~ion o~
tertiary type trea~ment to septic tank sewage is carried on within the conf ines of the ~eptic tan~ and involves two main aspec~s~ (1) the retentiony sedimentation and di~estion of incoming settleablep floating and digestable ~lids to the ~ep~ic tank~ (2~ ~he enhancement of the sep-tic tank ~ewage-treatment proces~ by tertiary means which involve~ the adding and intermixing by incoming sewage-~lo~
turbulen~e of finely granulated 1orptive coal additives,t the sewage, prior to its discharge into, its ~o journ in, it~ Pas~age through, its s~ttling therefrom the s~wage prior ~o its di~charge from the septic tank.
Sept~c tank sewage-treatment has been with us ~or a hund-red years or more, and has been an effective ~ay of di~pos-.
ing o~ human ~ewage waste~. However, due to our changing ~ating habit~,our ever changing standard of living and the myriad Of chemicals touching every facet o~ our lives whi~hD
are all eventually destined to ~nd up in the septic tankg the biological or digesting par~ o~ the SQptic sewagQ treat-.
: 30 ment ~ystem is i8 unable to cope with the infl~x and i~
` subject ~o p~e~ently ~nsolved malfun~ioning~
:.
, ~ .
~6~3~L
~ e effe~kiv~ functioning~ instead oX a malfunctioning~eptic tank can be be~bter achiev~d when i~c i8 under~tood that the sepkic tank largely accomPlishes its purpose through the digestion of the sludge by an~erobic bacteria~
These ana~robes are present in the body waste~- rhey thrive in an environment which is warm, wet, dark and devoid of f resh air-'"' ~ In condition~ which prevailed about 50 years ago before ; the advent of fOOd additives, cooking additives, dishwash-10 ers, and automatic clothes wash~rs, conditions beneficial to e~fect the tr~atment of the sewage in the septic tank were ideal. The 6eptic tank simply allows the sewage to re~t for a 24 hour period under the aforementioned beneficial condition~9 so tha~ rapid multiplication of bacteria takes place. Thes~ bacteria which-acco~Plish this digestion can multiply many thousands of times, they do this only to the extent tha~ food va~ue~ are available to them, if the~e same food values are unsuitable or unusable because of toxic or undige~table 3ubstance~ therein then the digestive 20 processes may be ~topped and the mostly untreated sewaçJe i8 discharg~d from the ~ptic tank to seal off the porou~
di~trlbution media in the sep~ic tank dispo~3al ~ield-.:
It is the principle objec~ of the present invention to ; provide tertiary type tr~atment to septic tank 9ewage prior : to it~ d$scharg~ into, at the influent to, during its ret-~ntion, ~edimentation and digestion stages and during it~
;~ pa~sage through the ~eptic tank prior to its discharge therefrom.
For the purpose o.E th~ present invention; the tert-: iary sewage trea~ment container is referred to as an imp-roved septic-tank-structured container.
- 2 -:~L08~3~
l~e present invention rQla~es ln Par'c to my co-pending Canadian Patent Applica~ion No- 227,338- me co~p~nding patent application teache~ a way of intercepting and treat-ing septic tank effluents after they leave the septic tank so that it does not conflict ~ith the pre~ent invention.
A method for ~he tertiary treatm~nt of septic~tank sewage according to the in~ention,, is characteriz~d in that a material es~entially con~isting of coal selected from coals having an affinity for contaminant~ in septic-bank sewage ~:i 10 mixtures and a ~pecific gravity higher than that of water i~ brought into contact with sewage within the septic tank and the contaminants carried thereby~
Coal having the properties mentioned above can be select-ed from coals of variou~ rank3 . Particularly suitable, how-ever, i8 coal chosen from the group con~i~ting of Brown Coal~ Lignite Coal and Subbituminous Coal~ A very suitable coal material is one having a large removable content of ~oluble coal chemicals and coal debris which may be removed therefrom by washing or leaching with water~ thereby leav-ing the coal ma~erial more porous and sorptive.
. The procedure followed in improving the sorptive prop-erties of the selected coal involves crushing and screening the coal (1~ sieving the coal to a 1/4" to 1/16" particle si~e~ (2) ~four different washing procedures involving either (a) a ~team washD (b).a water washg (c) a HCl acid wash, (d) a NaOH base wash, (e~ a ba~e then acid wash- It is imp-ortant to note that if a very soft coal is used it will leave a disct)louration in th~ effluent to be discharq~d and should therefor be screened out before use and a finely granular ~.
.:
643~
sizing of between 1/16" ~o 200 mesh slze u~ed instead. In harder coal materials a sizing in which the maximum coal particle size is that passing ~hrough a 1/16 inch mesh screen size is usedO
In practice according to the present invention an amount of the pre-sized sorptive coal ad~itive equal ~o $(~ ;t~ ~00 pounds is placed within the first chamber of the septic tank prior to the start up of a new septic tank installation or aftar sludge clean-out of an existing septic tank in-10 stallation- The purpose of the prior placement of the finely sized sorptive coal within the f irst cha~m~er. of the septic ta~nk i~ to ~ake advantage of the incoming sewage flow turb-ulence to maintain the sorptive coal in a state of flux and in ~ontinuous contact ~ith Re~age contalminantsO
; -me above placement of sized sorptive coal within the septic tank first ~h~r i~ followed by the addition of the coal additives to the incoming sewage prior to its dis-charge into, during its discharge or after its discharge . in'co the f irst ~amlier of the saptic tank-A related Carladian Patent No 979546 issued Dec- 9, 1975 describes a means of introducing the finely ~ized sorptive .
coal into the sewage on page 5 line!s 11 to 28~ on Page 7 ` 1 ines 1 to 4, and the drawings No 5, 4, and 3 -:; Other means of introducing the sorptive coal into the -~ sewage ~ill occux to those skill~3d in the art but it is ,: important to note that coal fines will float on water for ~ome con~idQrable time unde~ certain conditions so that it '- i8 desir~able to :First pre-wet the coal and introduce it into the septic tank als a coal-water slurry-' 6~3~L
~ en the sorptive coal-f ines are introduced into the septic tank ~ewage in slurry form the coal-in--water mixture imm~diately goes into suspension and come~ in intimate contact with sewage-~ontaminants- The f ine coal and contam-~ inant~mixture on contact coagulate and coalesce thus forming .~ larger particles in suspension which are heavier than water thereby causing them to sink. On test the increased sedim-entation of settled solids by the addition to the sewage : of the sorptive finely sized coal amounts to about 30~.
:
~he ~et~led sorptive coal ~ines and sewage-sludge are prevented from re~surfacing by the sorptive coal-fines mat-: erials which act by sorptive processes to prevent the form-ation of gas bubbles whîch normally cause the sludge to re-surface on rupturing. The retention of the sludge with-in the fir~t cham~er of the septic tank is thus assured~
The addition of ~orptiuecoal fines additives to the s~tt-ling ~ewage as part of the sludge CaUBeS the coal-~ludge mixture to densify~his phenomenon ensures that the volume : of the combined coal-sludge mixture amounts to no more than the volume of the fluffy sludge alone-I have ~ound that the addition of sorptive coal fines additives to the sewage sludge enhances the digestion ,~ of the sludge by anaero~ic bacteria-The removal of toxio and other substances~harmful to the ; anaerobic bacteria by sorptive prQcesses involving the add-ition of sorptive coal fine3 additives to the se~age, ensures a more plentiful supply of of ~ood and energy value-~ being made available to the anaerobic bacteria, thus enabling them to perform their function of digesting septic tank sewage-sludge at an improved rateD
~86~3~4 Of particular importance to all health o~f icers i8 the reduction of total coliform and faecal coliform irl se~age effluents which may be discharged to the soil. ~rhe follow-ing table shows how the~e ~ewage bacteria are decimated on con~act with ~he sorptive coal treatment media of the - invent ion O
.
%
ParameterInfluent EffluentPceductic~n : ~- CO1ifOrm902X105 9-2X103 99 :: F- CO1ifOrm4D9X~O 7 X10 99 COPPer 0.10 PPm 0-02 PPm 80 IrOn ~ " O. 20 " 82 :. Lead 0-039 " 0.005 " 87 MerCUrY 0~16 PPb ~cO.05 PPb NiCke1 ~ 0-01 PPm ~ 0-01 PPm ZinC 0- 14 " O- 03 " 77 Ca1CiUm 21-2 " 203 " 89 T-O~ arbon130~0 " 23-0 " 82 ~, ChlOride 32-5 " 28 " 14 Hardne8S 54-0 " 5C53 " 90 MagneSiUm 2-8 '' 0-13 " 95 AmmOnia 48 ~ 7 " 24- 0 ~' 50 Nitrate~L 0-002 " ODO7 Nitrite 0-007 ~' 0017 Oil ~ Grease27 O " 2 o t 93 :: BOD 152O " 13O " 91 C~D5 393-0 " 65 oO ~ 8~
P~4 9-45 " 8~65 ~' 9 q~tal PO4 10-7 " 8-96 ~ 16 Potass$um 14- 6 ~ 4 - 22 Diss- S~olids302 " 29~ ~ 2 Sus. Solid~ 98 " 12 " 88 $p- Conductance 650 ,~umha~ 530 ~urr~08 18 !;. ~ulphate 7-5 ppm ~ 5-0ppm -Turbidity 58 " 908 83 :' Complete odour control is pro~rided the di~harging e~f~Lu-ant from the septic tar~c by the addition of the ~t)rptive coal addi'cive~ to the~ septic-tank se~age during its 50 journ within the septic tank-.
. . .
--6-- .
~86~
.: On the drawing Figure 1 o~ the~ Sheet 1 is ~hown schemat-ically and in sid~ elevation a sewage treatment tank for providing tertiary treatment to ~ewage consisting of a plurality of e~dimentation ch~mbers, with inl~t and outlet means~
In fi~ure 1 the reference number 1 indicate~ the primary sedimentation chamber which encompasses the sewage inlet means 2 carrying the s~rage with sorptive coal fines added thereto 3, at 4 is shown extention of inlet pipe 2 dis-. 10 charging se~age 3 a~ainst the inclined deflector plate 5.
On the floor o~ the area designat0d a~ turbulent area 6 is placed a covering of the sorptivQ coal ~ines shown at 7 ~ The incoming sewage 3 diæchar~ing ~rom inlet pipe exten-tion 4 i~ dePlected by deflecter plate 5 into the sorptive coal fines and caused to become intermixed therewith, the turbulence plate indicated at 8 serves to comple~e the mix-: ing s~age and primary sedimentation then proceeds between loading periods ~ith the incoming sewage and rest periods -.' Periodically the primary settled sawage from primary sedim-20 mentation chamb~r 1 i8 diachar~ed by means of outlet means 9 into secondary sedimentation chamber indicated at 10 wherein secondary ~ettling take~ place~result.ing in the production of a bulky sludge indicated at 12 which then 4;
densifies to b~come ade~sified sludge as indicated at 13-;.`. Periodically the s~condary sett:led sewage effluent from secondary sedlmentation chamber 10 i8 discharged by means of outlet means 14 into final sedimentation chamber 15 wher~in ~inal settlin~ takes pla~e and i~ returned to the secondary sedimentation chamb~r sludge are indicated at 12 30 by means o~ sludg2 return indic:ated at 16 and then the tertiary treates~ effluent is discharged through a screened : --7--~643~
outlet means indicated at 17, and ~he tertiary sewage tank cOVel:`9 are indicated at 19, 20, and 21~
In the drawing Figure 2 of the Sheet 1 i~ shown a top view of th~ tertiary sew~ge~rea~ment tank~
.
In flgure 2 the r~erence number 18 indicates the treat-ment tank- Numbers 19, 20, and 21 indicate the treatment tank cover~- The sewage inlet means iæ indicat~d at 3 and the treated sewage effluent ou~let means is indicated at 17-. It will be eviden~ to those ~Xilled in the art ~hat ~he in-tank t~rtiary treatm~nt ~or septic sewage o~ the present `` invention iæ adaPtable to be used in series wikh an exist-.~ ing ~eptic tank or in a combination of a conventional septic :. tank and an in-tank tertiary treatment ~ystem to enhance or up~xade the treatm~nt effectivene~s of the treatment ~yætem~ under conditions which may exist in certain areas .i or all areas, wi~ho~t depar~ing ~rom the intent of the present invention, the full scope of which is outlined in the discloæure and the aPpended claims-. .
Low grade coal material~ being a low co~t product in `'~ 20 plentiful supply and having a surprisingly high capaci~y : for the r~mova~ of most contaminants class~d normally a~
; those r~moved during primary, secondary and tertiary sew-age treatment processing~ indi~ates that the present in~ntion provides considerable ad~antages in economical~
pra~tical and saf~ty-technical respects.
No United S~ates or other foreign PatentS have been ~iled~hich ~orrespond to the pre~ent inventionO
.
l~e present invention rQla~es ln Par'c to my co-pending Canadian Patent Applica~ion No- 227,338- me co~p~nding patent application teache~ a way of intercepting and treat-ing septic tank effluents after they leave the septic tank so that it does not conflict ~ith the pre~ent invention.
A method for ~he tertiary treatm~nt of septic~tank sewage according to the in~ention,, is characteriz~d in that a material es~entially con~isting of coal selected from coals having an affinity for contaminant~ in septic-bank sewage ~:i 10 mixtures and a ~pecific gravity higher than that of water i~ brought into contact with sewage within the septic tank and the contaminants carried thereby~
Coal having the properties mentioned above can be select-ed from coals of variou~ rank3 . Particularly suitable, how-ever, i8 coal chosen from the group con~i~ting of Brown Coal~ Lignite Coal and Subbituminous Coal~ A very suitable coal material is one having a large removable content of ~oluble coal chemicals and coal debris which may be removed therefrom by washing or leaching with water~ thereby leav-ing the coal ma~erial more porous and sorptive.
. The procedure followed in improving the sorptive prop-erties of the selected coal involves crushing and screening the coal (1~ sieving the coal to a 1/4" to 1/16" particle si~e~ (2) ~four different washing procedures involving either (a) a ~team washD (b).a water washg (c) a HCl acid wash, (d) a NaOH base wash, (e~ a ba~e then acid wash- It is imp-ortant to note that if a very soft coal is used it will leave a disct)louration in th~ effluent to be discharq~d and should therefor be screened out before use and a finely granular ~.
.:
643~
sizing of between 1/16" ~o 200 mesh slze u~ed instead. In harder coal materials a sizing in which the maximum coal particle size is that passing ~hrough a 1/16 inch mesh screen size is usedO
In practice according to the present invention an amount of the pre-sized sorptive coal ad~itive equal ~o $(~ ;t~ ~00 pounds is placed within the first chamber of the septic tank prior to the start up of a new septic tank installation or aftar sludge clean-out of an existing septic tank in-10 stallation- The purpose of the prior placement of the finely sized sorptive coal within the f irst cha~m~er. of the septic ta~nk i~ to ~ake advantage of the incoming sewage flow turb-ulence to maintain the sorptive coal in a state of flux and in ~ontinuous contact ~ith Re~age contalminantsO
; -me above placement of sized sorptive coal within the septic tank first ~h~r i~ followed by the addition of the coal additives to the incoming sewage prior to its dis-charge into, during its discharge or after its discharge . in'co the f irst ~amlier of the saptic tank-A related Carladian Patent No 979546 issued Dec- 9, 1975 describes a means of introducing the finely ~ized sorptive .
coal into the sewage on page 5 line!s 11 to 28~ on Page 7 ` 1 ines 1 to 4, and the drawings No 5, 4, and 3 -:; Other means of introducing the sorptive coal into the -~ sewage ~ill occux to those skill~3d in the art but it is ,: important to note that coal fines will float on water for ~ome con~idQrable time unde~ certain conditions so that it '- i8 desir~able to :First pre-wet the coal and introduce it into the septic tank als a coal-water slurry-' 6~3~L
~ en the sorptive coal-f ines are introduced into the septic tank ~ewage in slurry form the coal-in--water mixture imm~diately goes into suspension and come~ in intimate contact with sewage-~ontaminants- The f ine coal and contam-~ inant~mixture on contact coagulate and coalesce thus forming .~ larger particles in suspension which are heavier than water thereby causing them to sink. On test the increased sedim-entation of settled solids by the addition to the sewage : of the sorptive finely sized coal amounts to about 30~.
:
~he ~et~led sorptive coal ~ines and sewage-sludge are prevented from re~surfacing by the sorptive coal-fines mat-: erials which act by sorptive processes to prevent the form-ation of gas bubbles whîch normally cause the sludge to re-surface on rupturing. The retention of the sludge with-in the fir~t cham~er of the septic tank is thus assured~
The addition of ~orptiuecoal fines additives to the s~tt-ling ~ewage as part of the sludge CaUBeS the coal-~ludge mixture to densify~his phenomenon ensures that the volume : of the combined coal-sludge mixture amounts to no more than the volume of the fluffy sludge alone-I have ~ound that the addition of sorptive coal fines additives to the sewage sludge enhances the digestion ,~ of the sludge by anaero~ic bacteria-The removal of toxio and other substances~harmful to the ; anaerobic bacteria by sorptive prQcesses involving the add-ition of sorptive coal fine3 additives to the se~age, ensures a more plentiful supply of of ~ood and energy value-~ being made available to the anaerobic bacteria, thus enabling them to perform their function of digesting septic tank sewage-sludge at an improved rateD
~86~3~4 Of particular importance to all health o~f icers i8 the reduction of total coliform and faecal coliform irl se~age effluents which may be discharged to the soil. ~rhe follow-ing table shows how the~e ~ewage bacteria are decimated on con~act with ~he sorptive coal treatment media of the - invent ion O
.
%
ParameterInfluent EffluentPceductic~n : ~- CO1ifOrm902X105 9-2X103 99 :: F- CO1ifOrm4D9X~O 7 X10 99 COPPer 0.10 PPm 0-02 PPm 80 IrOn ~ " O. 20 " 82 :. Lead 0-039 " 0.005 " 87 MerCUrY 0~16 PPb ~cO.05 PPb NiCke1 ~ 0-01 PPm ~ 0-01 PPm ZinC 0- 14 " O- 03 " 77 Ca1CiUm 21-2 " 203 " 89 T-O~ arbon130~0 " 23-0 " 82 ~, ChlOride 32-5 " 28 " 14 Hardne8S 54-0 " 5C53 " 90 MagneSiUm 2-8 '' 0-13 " 95 AmmOnia 48 ~ 7 " 24- 0 ~' 50 Nitrate~L 0-002 " ODO7 Nitrite 0-007 ~' 0017 Oil ~ Grease27 O " 2 o t 93 :: BOD 152O " 13O " 91 C~D5 393-0 " 65 oO ~ 8~
P~4 9-45 " 8~65 ~' 9 q~tal PO4 10-7 " 8-96 ~ 16 Potass$um 14- 6 ~ 4 - 22 Diss- S~olids302 " 29~ ~ 2 Sus. Solid~ 98 " 12 " 88 $p- Conductance 650 ,~umha~ 530 ~urr~08 18 !;. ~ulphate 7-5 ppm ~ 5-0ppm -Turbidity 58 " 908 83 :' Complete odour control is pro~rided the di~harging e~f~Lu-ant from the septic tar~c by the addition of the ~t)rptive coal addi'cive~ to the~ septic-tank se~age during its 50 journ within the septic tank-.
. . .
--6-- .
~86~
.: On the drawing Figure 1 o~ the~ Sheet 1 is ~hown schemat-ically and in sid~ elevation a sewage treatment tank for providing tertiary treatment to ~ewage consisting of a plurality of e~dimentation ch~mbers, with inl~t and outlet means~
In fi~ure 1 the reference number 1 indicate~ the primary sedimentation chamber which encompasses the sewage inlet means 2 carrying the s~rage with sorptive coal fines added thereto 3, at 4 is shown extention of inlet pipe 2 dis-. 10 charging se~age 3 a~ainst the inclined deflector plate 5.
On the floor o~ the area designat0d a~ turbulent area 6 is placed a covering of the sorptivQ coal ~ines shown at 7 ~ The incoming sewage 3 diæchar~ing ~rom inlet pipe exten-tion 4 i~ dePlected by deflecter plate 5 into the sorptive coal fines and caused to become intermixed therewith, the turbulence plate indicated at 8 serves to comple~e the mix-: ing s~age and primary sedimentation then proceeds between loading periods ~ith the incoming sewage and rest periods -.' Periodically the primary settled sawage from primary sedim-20 mentation chamb~r 1 i8 diachar~ed by means of outlet means 9 into secondary sedimentation chamber indicated at 10 wherein secondary ~ettling take~ place~result.ing in the production of a bulky sludge indicated at 12 which then 4;
densifies to b~come ade~sified sludge as indicated at 13-;.`. Periodically the s~condary sett:led sewage effluent from secondary sedlmentation chamber 10 i8 discharged by means of outlet means 14 into final sedimentation chamber 15 wher~in ~inal settlin~ takes pla~e and i~ returned to the secondary sedimentation chamb~r sludge are indicated at 12 30 by means o~ sludg2 return indic:ated at 16 and then the tertiary treates~ effluent is discharged through a screened : --7--~643~
outlet means indicated at 17, and ~he tertiary sewage tank cOVel:`9 are indicated at 19, 20, and 21~
In the drawing Figure 2 of the Sheet 1 i~ shown a top view of th~ tertiary sew~ge~rea~ment tank~
.
In flgure 2 the r~erence number 18 indicates the treat-ment tank- Numbers 19, 20, and 21 indicate the treatment tank cover~- The sewage inlet means iæ indicat~d at 3 and the treated sewage effluent ou~let means is indicated at 17-. It will be eviden~ to those ~Xilled in the art ~hat ~he in-tank t~rtiary treatm~nt ~or septic sewage o~ the present `` invention iæ adaPtable to be used in series wikh an exist-.~ ing ~eptic tank or in a combination of a conventional septic :. tank and an in-tank tertiary treatment ~ystem to enhance or up~xade the treatm~nt effectivene~s of the treatment ~yætem~ under conditions which may exist in certain areas .i or all areas, wi~ho~t depar~ing ~rom the intent of the present invention, the full scope of which is outlined in the discloæure and the aPpended claims-. .
Low grade coal material~ being a low co~t product in `'~ 20 plentiful supply and having a surprisingly high capaci~y : for the r~mova~ of most contaminants class~d normally a~
; those r~moved during primary, secondary and tertiary sew-age treatment processing~ indi~ates that the present in~ntion provides considerable ad~antages in economical~
pra~tical and saf~ty-technical respects.
No United S~ates or other foreign PatentS have been ~iled~hich ~orrespond to the pre~ent inventionO
.
Claims (4)
1. A method of providing tertiary treatment to in-tank septic sewage by means of an improved septic tank and selected sorptive coal fines which comprises the steps of:
(a) providing a septic tank-structured sewage-treatment container, having a turbulent chamber with a base covering of sorptive coal fines and three sedim-entation chambers, (b) selecting a coal or combination of coals having a known affinity for differing contaminants in liquid sewage wastes, (c) pulverizing and screening the selected coal or combination thereof to provide soft coal finely granular sizings of between 1/16 inch screen mesh size to 200 screen mesh size or hard coal sizings in which the maximum coal particle size is that passing through a 1/16 inch screen mesh size, (d) improving the sorptive properties of the pulverized and screened coal by selected washing-activation procedures, (e) placing a sufficient quantity of the activated sorptive coal to cover the floor of the first chamber of the container to a depth of not less than about 1 inch or between 50 to 200 lbs, (f ) prewetting the selected coal fines with water and agitation and forming a coal-in-water slurry therefrom then adding predetermined amounts of the slurry to the sewage prior to its discharge into the treatment container, (g) passing the liquid coal-sewage mixture into the treatment container by the inlet means then passing the incoming coal-sewage mixture downwards through the inlet tee pipe extention and discharging it against the first deflector therein, whereby a coal-sewage, flow turbulence is set up artificially to disturb and become intermixed with the layer of fine coal particles covering the floor of the container first chamber then caused to be buffeted as a mixture against the concave deflecter of the said first chamber whereby a more complete mixing of he said selected sorptive coal and the said contaminants contained in the said liquid sewage occurs, resulting in a more complete sorptive contact between the said sorptive coal particles and the said sewage contaminants to achieve thereby a greater degree of contaminant removal and a greater degree of sedimentation in said first chamber of said treatment container, (h) passing the effluent from the first sedimentation chamber into the second sedimentation chamber by means of the said outlet therefrom and then separating the coagulated and coalesced coal-contaminant mixture from the liquid carrier thereof by sedimentation, (i) preventing the re-surfacing of the settled coal-contaminant sludge due to the rupturing of the gas bubble formations therein by the said addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive coal additives thereto, (j) densifying the bulk volume of the settled coal-contaminant sludge by the said addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive-coal additives thereto, (k) passing the settled effluent from the second sedimentation chamber by said outlet means into the final sedimentation chamber and settling any remaining solids therefrom by a final sedimentation process wherein said settled solids are gathered upon the said steeply inclined lower section whereby they are caused by the angle of the said slope to slide downwards into the said second sedimentation chamber through said opening at the foot of the said partial divider wall, wherein said opening and said foot of said partial divider wall are so positioned as to form a junction at the bottom of said steeply inclined slope, (l) creating an unfavorable environment for the further proliferation of the sewage bacteria within the second and third sedimentation chambers, by the removal by sorptive processes in the first sedim-entation chamber, of food and energy values from the liquid sewage waste in contact with sorptive coal particles, necessary for their survival in further treatment stages within the said second and final sedimentation chambers, (m) removing odour causing substances and odour causing bacteria from the treated sewage effluents prior to their discharge from the treatment cont-ainer by the addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive-coal additives during treatment, (n) discharging the contaminant and bacteria free effluent as tertiary quality water from the said final sedimentation chamber by means of said screened outlet means of said container wall into an outside effluent dispersal field or to surface waters.
(a) providing a septic tank-structured sewage-treatment container, having a turbulent chamber with a base covering of sorptive coal fines and three sedim-entation chambers, (b) selecting a coal or combination of coals having a known affinity for differing contaminants in liquid sewage wastes, (c) pulverizing and screening the selected coal or combination thereof to provide soft coal finely granular sizings of between 1/16 inch screen mesh size to 200 screen mesh size or hard coal sizings in which the maximum coal particle size is that passing through a 1/16 inch screen mesh size, (d) improving the sorptive properties of the pulverized and screened coal by selected washing-activation procedures, (e) placing a sufficient quantity of the activated sorptive coal to cover the floor of the first chamber of the container to a depth of not less than about 1 inch or between 50 to 200 lbs, (f ) prewetting the selected coal fines with water and agitation and forming a coal-in-water slurry therefrom then adding predetermined amounts of the slurry to the sewage prior to its discharge into the treatment container, (g) passing the liquid coal-sewage mixture into the treatment container by the inlet means then passing the incoming coal-sewage mixture downwards through the inlet tee pipe extention and discharging it against the first deflector therein, whereby a coal-sewage, flow turbulence is set up artificially to disturb and become intermixed with the layer of fine coal particles covering the floor of the container first chamber then caused to be buffeted as a mixture against the concave deflecter of the said first chamber whereby a more complete mixing of he said selected sorptive coal and the said contaminants contained in the said liquid sewage occurs, resulting in a more complete sorptive contact between the said sorptive coal particles and the said sewage contaminants to achieve thereby a greater degree of contaminant removal and a greater degree of sedimentation in said first chamber of said treatment container, (h) passing the effluent from the first sedimentation chamber into the second sedimentation chamber by means of the said outlet therefrom and then separating the coagulated and coalesced coal-contaminant mixture from the liquid carrier thereof by sedimentation, (i) preventing the re-surfacing of the settled coal-contaminant sludge due to the rupturing of the gas bubble formations therein by the said addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive coal additives thereto, (j) densifying the bulk volume of the settled coal-contaminant sludge by the said addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive-coal additives thereto, (k) passing the settled effluent from the second sedimentation chamber by said outlet means into the final sedimentation chamber and settling any remaining solids therefrom by a final sedimentation process wherein said settled solids are gathered upon the said steeply inclined lower section whereby they are caused by the angle of the said slope to slide downwards into the said second sedimentation chamber through said opening at the foot of the said partial divider wall, wherein said opening and said foot of said partial divider wall are so positioned as to form a junction at the bottom of said steeply inclined slope, (l) creating an unfavorable environment for the further proliferation of the sewage bacteria within the second and third sedimentation chambers, by the removal by sorptive processes in the first sedim-entation chamber, of food and energy values from the liquid sewage waste in contact with sorptive coal particles, necessary for their survival in further treatment stages within the said second and final sedimentation chambers, (m) removing odour causing substances and odour causing bacteria from the treated sewage effluents prior to their discharge from the treatment cont-ainer by the addition to the liquid sewage wastes of the said sorptive-coal additives during treatment, (n) discharging the contaminant and bacteria free effluent as tertiary quality water from the said final sedimentation chamber by means of said screened outlet means of said container wall into an outside effluent dispersal field or to surface waters.
2. A method as claimed in Claim 1 wherein tertiary treatment is provided to sewage within an improved septic-tank-structured container in contact with sorptive coal particles added thereto.
3. A method as claimed in Claim 1 wherein the treatment sequence desired of top rated sewage treatment facil-ities in conventional installations of primary, secondary and tertiary sewage treatment have been achieved within the aforesaid primary sedimentation chamber, the second-ary sedimentation chamber and the final sedimentation chamber of the said improved septic-tank-structured container.
4. A method as claimed in Claim 1 wherein sorptive selected coals having differing sorptive affinity for contaminants in liquid sewage wastes to remove them therefrom and also having the ability to increase the degree of sedim-entation of settling solids, to coagulate and coalesce suspended and colloidal solids, to adsorb dissolved contaminants, to densify bulky sludge, to remove odour causing substances and bacteria, and provide thereby tertiary treatment to liquid sewage wastes when said selected sorptive coal particles are added thereto.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA287,932A CA1086434A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1977-10-03 | Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewage |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA287,932A CA1086434A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1977-10-03 | Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewage |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1086434A true CA1086434A (en) | 1980-09-23 |
Family
ID=4109679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA287,932A Expired CA1086434A (en) | 1977-10-03 | 1977-10-03 | Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewage |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1086434A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5792355A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-08-11 | Desjardins; Gaetan | Process for treating waste water |
| WO2005108309A1 (en) | 2003-05-03 | 2005-11-17 | Garcia Gonzalez Jose | Biological treatment which can be used for bacterial bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems and of urban and industrial effluents in order to ensure adequate digestion of organic matter and nutrients |
| CN105621839A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Removing deep-treatment integrated septic tank and application method thereof |
-
1977
- 1977-10-03 CA CA287,932A patent/CA1086434A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5792355A (en) * | 1995-09-15 | 1998-08-11 | Desjardins; Gaetan | Process for treating waste water |
| WO2005108309A1 (en) | 2003-05-03 | 2005-11-17 | Garcia Gonzalez Jose | Biological treatment which can be used for bacterial bioremediation in aquatic ecosystems and of urban and industrial effluents in order to ensure adequate digestion of organic matter and nutrients |
| CN105621839A (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2016-06-01 | 沈阳建筑大学 | Removing deep-treatment integrated septic tank and application method thereof |
| CN105621839B (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2018-02-23 | 沈阳建筑大学 | A kind of clear advanced treating of drawing integrates septic tank and its application method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7455780B1 (en) | Method of treating stormwater runoff and domestic waste with high carbon ash | |
| US6531063B1 (en) | Zeolite bed leach septic system and method for wastewater treatment | |
| AU705778B2 (en) | Pelletized composition for treatment of storm water runoff | |
| CA1086434A (en) | Tertiary treatment of in-tank septic sewage | |
| US4128477A (en) | Method for the treatment of sea discharged sewage | |
| Ochieng et al. | Performance of multistage filtration using different filter media against conventional water treatment systems | |
| RU2390504C1 (en) | Treatment works, water treatment method, solution | |
| Nielsen et al. | Dewatering sludge originating in water treatment works in reed bed systems | |
| US3300403A (en) | Sewage treatment | |
| Güneş | Seasonal Characterization of Landfill Leachate and Effect of Seasonal Variations on Treatment Processes of Coagulation/Flocculation and Adsorption. | |
| US6080314A (en) | Zeolite bed leach septic system and method for wastewater treatment | |
| US3401114A (en) | Process using coal in sewage treatment | |
| CA1054728A (en) | Coal-base landfill, leachate treatment | |
| Wang et al. | Independent Physicochemical Wastewater Treatment System Consisting of Primary Flotation Clarification, Secondary Flotation Clarification, and Tertiary Treatment | |
| Northcott et al. | Water treatment design for site remediation at Casey Station, Antarctica: site characterisation and particle separation | |
| Chapman | The distribution of metals in sewage sludge and their fate after dumping at sea | |
| Lennox | Sediment-water exchange in Lough Ennell with particular reference to phosphorus | |
| Brenner et al. | Deep-bed filtration of SBR effluent for agricultural reuse: pilot plant screening of advanced secondary and tertiary treatment for domestic wastewater | |
| KR890000791B1 (en) | Catalytic filtering apparatus in cell for purifying night soil | |
| RU211052U1 (en) | Water purification device | |
| Pailthorp et al. | Treatment and disposal of potato wastes | |
| CA1079650A (en) | Coal-base landfill, leachate treatment | |
| KR100424748B1 (en) | Treatment process and facilities for house hold waste water | |
| KR100731846B1 (en) | A sewage disposal system using a hydraulic cyclone | |
| Guyer et al. | An Introduction to Advanced Wastewater Treatment |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |