CA1077666A - Method for t or butt sealing of laminated all-plastic material - Google Patents

Method for t or butt sealing of laminated all-plastic material

Info

Publication number
CA1077666A
CA1077666A CA268,196A CA268196A CA1077666A CA 1077666 A CA1077666 A CA 1077666A CA 268196 A CA268196 A CA 268196A CA 1077666 A CA1077666 A CA 1077666A
Authority
CA
Canada
Prior art keywords
thickness
edge surface
hot air
sealing
air jet
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
CA268,196A
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jan-Erik Olsen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ziristor AB
Original Assignee
Ziristor AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ziristor AB filed Critical Ziristor AB
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CA1077666A publication Critical patent/CA1077666A/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B31—MAKING ARTICLES OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER; WORKING PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F—MECHANICAL WORKING OR DEFORMATION OF PAPER, CARDBOARD OR MATERIAL WORKED IN A MANNER ANALOGOUS TO PAPER
    • B31F7/00—Processes not otherwise provided for
    • B31F7/006—Processes not otherwise provided for edges, e.g. sheet edges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/10—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using hot gases (e.g. combustion gases) or flames coming in contact with at least one of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/114—Single butt joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B29C66/434—Joining substantially flat articles for forming corner connections, fork connections or cross connections
    • B29C66/4344—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces
    • B29C66/43441—Joining substantially flat articles for forming fork connections, e.g. for making Y-shaped pieces with two right angles, e.g. for making T-shaped pieces, H-shaped pieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/727—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being porous, e.g. foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
    • B29C66/91411—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the parts to be joined, e.g. the joining process taking the temperature of the parts to be joined into account
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9161—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/919—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges
    • B29C66/9192—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams
    • B29C66/91921—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux characterised by specific temperature, heat or thermal flux values or ranges in explicit relation to another variable, e.g. temperature diagrams in explicit relation to another temperature, e.g. to the softening temperature or softening point, to the thermal degradation temperature or to the ambient temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C67/00—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00
    • B29C67/0044—Shaping techniques not covered by groups B29C39/00 - B29C65/00, B29C70/00 or B29C73/00 for shaping edges or extremities
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/04—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam
    • B29C35/045—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using liquids, gas or steam using gas or flames
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7232—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer
    • B29C66/72321—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a non-plastics layer consisting of metals or their alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/723—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered
    • B29C66/7234—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer
    • B29C66/72343—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined being multi-layered comprising a barrier layer for liquids
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/96—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process
    • B29C66/964—Measuring or controlling the joining process characterised by the method for implementing the controlling of the joining process involving trial and error
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/04—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped cellular or porous
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2007/00—Flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29L2007/002—Panels; Plates; Sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2009/00—Layered products

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
The present invention provides a method of improving, in the T or butt sealing of a laminated thermoplastic material of the type which comprises a carrier layer of porous plastic material and outer layers of compact plastic material, the strength of the seal by heat treatment of the edge surface at which the sealing is to be carried out, the said edge surface before the sealing being heated by a jet of hot air, whose main stream has a greater thickness than the carrier layer of the material and is directed substantially at right angles against the edge surface so as to provide before sealing, melting of the edge surface such that the carrier layer draws back and the two outer layers are melted toward ?ther and me? ??stantailly in the centre

Description

1o77666 The present invention relates to a method to improve in the T or butt sealing of a laminated thermoplastic material, of the type which comprises a carrier layer of porous plastic material and outer layers of compact plastic material, the strength of the seal by heat treatment of the edge surface at whichthe sealing is to be carried out.
Packages impervious to liquid, e.g. for liquid foodstuffs, are manufactured inter alia from laminated all-plastic material . _ .
which comprises a central layer of foamed, porous plastic material and on either side of this, laminated layers of compact plastic material. The central layer is appreciably thicker than the outer layers and may e.g. have a thickness of 0.8 mm, whilst each of the outer layers has a thickness of approx. 0.1 mm. This laminated material may also comprise further layers of plastic material or e.g. aluminium foil, but the main concept of the material is the joist-like construction with a comparatively thick, porous central layer and two laminated layers on either side of this which impart a very good rigidity to the material.
This material has been the object of increasing popularity in recent times, which is due primarily to the fact that the material is extra-ordinarily light and furthermore cheaper than the types of packing laminate used previously with a central layer of paper.
The different types of known packages which are manu-factured from the said laminated plastic material are of various different designs and consequently also have joints or seams of many different types. The different types have in common, however, that in the joining and sealing the thermoplastic properties of the material are utilized, that is to say, the joining is generally carried out so that the area intended for joining is heated to such a temperature that the thermoplastic material softens, whereupon a direct joining and pressing together takes place. In overlap joints, or joints of the inside-to-inside - 1 - i~

- . .. , . : - -107~

type, this method has given very durable seals, since comparative-ly large portions of the surface layers of the material are joined to one another. To offer greater possibilities of shaping and design of the types of packages it is also desirable to provide for sealing of the said laminate material in T joints or butt joints, that is to say joints of a type wherein the material sheets are joined in T shape or edge to edge. In joints or seams of this type, at least as far as the one material sheet is concerned, only the edge surface of the material sheet is used for the seal. Since the central carrier layer of the foamed plastic material in itself has very low strength, it is in effect only the edge surfaces of the two homogeneous plastic layers which are utilized in the joining, and as a consequence thereof this type of joint is difficult to effect, so that the joint becomes impervious to liquid, and has unsatisfactory strength.
It has been suggested to overcome this problem by not utilizing the thermoplastic properties of the material in the joining process, but instead to apply, for joining, a heat-meltable glue, so-called "hot-melt", to the location of the joint.
This however, is subject to serious disadvantages, since the application of hot-melt constitutes an extra operation which complicates the machines manufacturing the packages.
The present invention provides a method which makes it possible to join together thermoplastic material of the said type in T joints or butt joints whilst utilizing the thermoplastic properties of the material and without the necessity of application of any kind of adhesive.
The present invention also provides a method for achieving tight and strong T or butt joint seals of the said laminated thermoplastic material, which method is not subject to the aforementioned disadvantages.

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According to the present invention there is provided a method of improving, in the T or butt sealing of a laminated thermoplastic material of the type which comprises a carrier layer of porous plastic material and outer layers of compact plastic material, the strength of the seal by heat treatment of the edge surface at which the sealing is to be carried out, the said edge surface before the sealing being heated by a jet of hot air, whose main stream has a greater thickness than the carrier layer of the material and is directed substantially at right angles against the edge surface so as to provide before sealing, melting of the edge surface such that the carrier layer draws back and the two outer layers are melted towards each other and meet substantially in the centre plane of the material.
In accordance with the invention, the edge surface before the sealing is warmed up by means of a jet of hot air, whose main stream has a somewhat greater thickness than the carrier layer of the material and is directed at substantially right angles against the edge surface, so as to provide before the sealing operation such a melting of the edge surface that the carrier layer draws back and the two outer layers are melted towards each other, and meet substantially in the centre plane of the material.
By the method in accordance with the invention a solution of the problem of joining together laminated thermoplastic material in T joints or butt joints is obtained. No additive material of any kind is used, but instead the material edge itself is transformed, so that it becomes more suitable for sealing. The method may be carried out in conjunction with the normal, necessary heating up of the edge in conjunction with the actual sealing and does not require any complicated auxiliary equipment but merely a more accurate and specially oriented heating of the material edges which are to be joined together.

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.

1077~6~;
The present invention will be further illustrated in more detail with reference to the accompanying schematic drawings in which:
Fig. 1 a-c show partly in section and on an enlarged scale the successive heating of a material edge by using the method in accordance with one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 shows in section and further enlarged two material sheets after heating by the method in accordance with the invention and subsequent joining together.
Referring to Fig. 1, a material sheet comprises a central layer 2 of porous plastic material~ e.g. foamed poly-styrene. The central carrier layer 2 has a thickness of 0.8 mm and is laminated on both sides with compact layers 3 and 4 of thermoplastic material, e.g. polystyrene or polythene. The layers 3 and 4 are each approx. 0.1 mm thick. The edge 5 of the material sheet, which in Fig. 1 is on the righthand side, is cut off, substantially at a right angle to the plane of the material sheet 1. To the right of this sheet edge 5 is a nozzle 6 which is provided with a plurality of air exit holes 7 which are cylindrical or oblong and are arranged close to one another in a row, the length of which corresponds to the width of the material sheet or to the length of edge surface 5 which is to be heated by means of a jet of hot air issuing through the ducts 7 of the nozzle 6. The duct 7 has a thickness which corresponds to approx. 1-3 times the thickness of the carrier layer 2.
Referring to Fig. la the material sheet before the heating by hot air of the material edge 5 is shown. In Fig. lb the material sheet during the heating of the edge 5 is shown and -in Fig. lc the material sheet directly before interruption of the heating is shown. Fig. 2 shows the material sheet 1 after being joined together in a T joint with a second material sheet 8, which may be of the same type and composition as the material , 10776~6 sheet 1.
When the two material sheets 1 and 8 are to be joined together by means of a T-joint, the procedure according to the invention is as follows: The one material sheet 1 (Fig. la), whose outer layers 3 and 4 are of identical thickness, is placed so in relation to the opening 7 of the nozzle 6, that the centre-line of the said opening coincides with the centre plane of the material sheet 1. The distance between the edge surface 5 of the material sheet 1 and the opening of the air duct 7 is appropriately chosen so that the distance is 1-1.5 times the thickness of the material sheet 1. The alignment and the adjustment of the distance between the material sheet 1 and the nozzle 6 can be carried out, depending on the type of packing machine in which the operation is taking place, either by moving of the material sheet 1, by moving of the nozzle 6 or by moving of both parts.
After the relative alignment of the material sheet 1 and the nozzle 6, a hot air stream is blown via the duct 7 of the nozzle against the edge surface 5 of the material sheet 1. By virtue of the alignment of the nozzle 6 the main stream of the ; air jet, which may be assumed to have almost the same thickness or diameter as the duct 7, will strike the edge surface 5 symmetrically which, as can be seen from Fig. lb, causes the carrier layer 2 after heating to its softening temperature to draw back a little in relation to the outer layers 3 and 4, as layer 2 melts earlier than the outer layers 3 and 4(which have an appreciably higher heat capacity), and due to the effect of the dynamic pressure of the issuing hot air. At the same time the two outer layers 3 and 4 of the material sheet 1 soften on their outer portions situated at the edge surface 5 due to the effect of the heat and are bent inwards towards the centre plane of the material sheet.

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~0776~;6 On continued heating (Fig. lc), the folding in of the edge zone 5 of the two outer layers 3 and 4 will continue until the edges of the layers meet andpartly fuse directly together over the centre plane of the material sheet 1. The layers will then protect the foam material under lying from further melting.
Directly after this softening and transformation of the edge surface 5 of the material sheet 1, the nozzle 6 is removed and the edge surface 5 of the material sheet 1 is joined together with the second material sheet 8 to which it is to be joined in a T-joint. Parallel with the described heating of the edge surface 5 of the material sheet, heating is carried out appropriately also of the surface layer of the other material sheet 8 which is to be used for the assembling.
In Fig. 2 is shown on a larger scale a section through the two material sheets 1, 8 joined together. It is ~ -evident from the Figure that the joint has been carried out -wholly between the two folded-in outer layers 3 and 4 of the material sheet 1 and the one outer layer of the other material sheet 8, so that a very strong and durable attachment has been achieved.
In the case described above the two outer layers of the laminated thermoplastic material are thus of the same type and thickness, which means that in order to ensure a regular, symmetrical folding-in of the outer layers, the hot air jet should be directed towards the central part of the carrier layer 2 exposed on the edge of the laminate. In other words, the nozzle is situated in the prolongation of the centre plane of the material sheet.
If the material sheet whose edge surface is to be utilized for sealing is covered with outer layers of different thickness or of different type, it may become necessary to shift the nozzle parallel in relation to the centre plane of the ' ' ' - 6 - ~

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-. ' - ' ,, ' . ' . . ,: .

material sheet, so that a symmetrical folding-in of the outer layers can be achieved. The nozzle is moved in the direction towards the thicker surface layer, and the necessary distance will best be ascertained in each individual case. Such a shifting of the nozzle may also be necessary for other reasons, e.g. if the packing machine in which the process is carried out causes an unequal heat discharge to take place from the outer layers of the laminate.
The thickness of the hot air jet is adapted to the thickness of the material sheet which is to be treated. The main flow of the hot air jet, whose thickness can be regarded as corresponding substantially to the thickness of the nozzle hole 7, is selected so that its thickness is 1-3 times the thickness of ; the carrier layer of the laminated material. The hot air jet has a total thickness which is 1.5 to 4 times the total thickness of the material. For the material thicknesses in actual use for the manufacture of packing containers for beverages and the like this means that the hot air jet has a total thickness of between 1-5 mm. For thermoplastic material of the said types, that is to say polystyrene or polythene, the hot air jet should have a temperature of 350-450C and preferably approx. 400C, and a speed of 6-12 m/sec, preferably approx. 7.5 m~sec. At lower temperatures and speeds the required heating of the material is not obtained within a reasonable period, and higher temperatures and air speeds produce a rather irregular deformation of the material edge.
The folding down or in of the outer layers of the thermoplastic material can take place by means of the method in accordance with the invention, independently of a possible orientation in the laminate layers. The operation may take place on a stationary or moving material web, depending on the type of packing machine which is to be used. ;~

Claims (9)

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of improving, in the T or butt sealing of a laminated thermoplastic material of the type which comprises a carrier layer of porous plastic material and outer layers of compact plastic material, the strength of the seal by heat treatment of the edge surface at which the sealing is to be carried out, the said edge surface before the sealing being heated by a jet of hot air, whose main stream has a greater thickness than the carrier layer of the material and is directed substantially at right angles against the edge surface so as to provide before sealing melting of the edge surface such that the carrier layer draws back and the two outer layers are melted towards each other and meet substantially in the centre plane of the material.
2. A method in accordance with claim 1, in which the two outer layers of the material are of the same thickness, and the air jet is directed towards the centre plane of the material.
3. A method as claimed in claim 1, in which the outer layers are of different thickness and the air jet is directed in the direction towards the thicker outer layer.
4. A method in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the main stream of the hot air jet has a thickness which is 1 to 3 times greater than the thickness of the carrier layer of the laminated material.
5. A method in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the hot air jet has a total thickness which is 1.5 to 4.0 times the total thickness of the material.
6. A method in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the hot air jet has a thickness of 1 to 5 mm.
7. A method in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, in which that the hot air jet has a temperature of 350-450°C.
8. A method in accordance with claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the hot air jet has a speed of 6-12 m/sec.
9. A method as claimed in claim 1, 2 or 3, in which the hot air jet has a temperature of about 400°C and a speed of about 7.5 m/sec.
CA268,196A 1975-12-19 1976-12-17 Method for t or butt sealing of laminated all-plastic material Expired CA1077666A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE7514443A SE403069B (en) 1975-12-19 1975-12-19 AT THE T-OR STUMB JOINT SEALING OF LAMINATED FULL PLASTIC MATERIAL

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CA1077666A true CA1077666A (en) 1980-05-20

Family

ID=20326395

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CA268,196A Expired CA1077666A (en) 1975-12-19 1976-12-17 Method for t or butt sealing of laminated all-plastic material

Country Status (10)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5276381A (en)
AU (1) AU503624B2 (en)
CA (1) CA1077666A (en)
CH (1) CH617123A5 (en)
DE (1) DE2656804C3 (en)
FR (1) FR2335324A1 (en)
GB (1) GB1501830A (en)
IT (1) IT1065599B (en)
NL (1) NL185711C (en)
SE (1) SE403069B (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5410811A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Toshiba Corp Tester for electronic controller of automobile
JPS5410814A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Toshiba Corp Testre for electronic controller of automobile
JPS5410812A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Toshiba Corp Tester for electronic controller of automobile
JPS5410810A (en) * 1977-06-27 1979-01-26 Toshiba Corp Tester for electronic controller of automobile
DE3407060C2 (en) * 1984-02-27 1986-04-10 Krupp Corpoplast Maschinenbau GmbH, 2000 Hamburg Process for making a parison for blow molding

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS52513B2 (en) * 1971-12-13 1977-01-08

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CH617123A5 (en) 1980-05-14
FR2335324B1 (en) 1980-04-11
FR2335324A1 (en) 1977-07-15
AU503624B2 (en) 1979-09-13
JPS5276381A (en) 1977-06-27
SE7514443L (en) 1977-06-20
NL7613835A (en) 1977-06-21
AU2033076A (en) 1978-06-15
NL185711C (en) 1990-07-02
DE2656804A1 (en) 1977-07-14
DE2656804C3 (en) 1978-11-02
SE403069B (en) 1978-07-31
GB1501830A (en) 1978-02-22
NL185711B (en) 1990-02-01
IT1065599B (en) 1985-02-25
DE2656804B2 (en) 1978-03-02

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