CA1070946A - Production of combustible products from waste material - Google Patents
Production of combustible products from waste materialInfo
- Publication number
- CA1070946A CA1070946A CA258,399A CA258399A CA1070946A CA 1070946 A CA1070946 A CA 1070946A CA 258399 A CA258399 A CA 258399A CA 1070946 A CA1070946 A CA 1070946A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- refuse
- combustible
- granulated
- fraction
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
In accordance with this invention there is provided a method of producing a combustible product from waste materials of which part of the fuel consists of pulverised combustible solid waste material, this part of the fuel being at least coated with combustible liquid waste.
In accordance with this invention there is provided a method of producing a combustible product from waste materials of which part of the fuel consists of pulverised combustible solid waste material, this part of the fuel being at least coated with combustible liquid waste.
Description
~7~9~6 This invention concerns -the production of combust-ible product derived from waste material. More particularly the invention concerns the manufacture of the product from a mixture of solid domestic and trade waste and a combustible material which will wet out the domestic ancl trade waste. Such a material will, for conveninece, hereinafter be referred to das liquid combustible material. The primary object of the invention is to produce a combustible material which will have a relatively high calorific value (as compared to, for example, domestic waste alone) and which will burn evenly.
According to the present invention a method of pro-ducing a combustible disposable product from waste materials comprises the steps of combining at least domestic solid waste with liquid combustible material and subjecting the mixture to pulverizing and homogenizing action to cause breakdown of the solid content of the mixture into a particulate mass, the particles of which are at least coated with the combustible liquid.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of producing a fuel derived from waste material includ-lng the steps of: combining refuse con-taining fibrous material of low wet strength and of a primarily combustible nature and also containing material of greater strength and density; in-cluding non-combustible material, with liquid combustible mat-erial to enhance the calorific value of the refuse, feeding the refuse and the liquid combustible material into a rotary drum in which the refuse is tumbled gradually to reduce the refuse to particulate form and in which the resistance to breakdown of at least the fibrous material is reduced by the ~7~ 6 dispersal thereover of the li.quid combustible materiali reg- :
ulating -the quan-tity of the refuse fed to the drum so that free space exis-ts in the drum to ensure that the refuse can tumble freely therein as the drum is rotated, rotating the drum so that reduction to particulate form of the fibrous material of low wet s-trength of the refuse is assisted by collision and intermingling thereof with said pieces of non-combustible mat-erials of greater strength and density thereby to produce a homogenized, discrete particulate mass, removing the mass from the drum, and removing from the mass at least large pieces of non-combustible material which are contained in the originally supplied refuse thereby to produce an air mermeable, parti-culate fuel of substantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
The invention will be described further, by way of example only, with reference to one practical form thereof.
According to the present invention a method of pro-ducing a combustible disposable product from waste materials comprises the steps of combining at least domestic solid waste with liquid combustible material and subjecting the mixture to pulverizing and homogenizing action to cause breakdown of the solid content of the mixture into a particulate mass, the particles of which are at least coated with the combustible liquid.
More specifically, the present invention relates to a method of producing a fuel derived from waste material includ-lng the steps of: combining refuse con-taining fibrous material of low wet strength and of a primarily combustible nature and also containing material of greater strength and density; in-cluding non-combustible material, with liquid combustible mat-erial to enhance the calorific value of the refuse, feeding the refuse and the liquid combustible material into a rotary drum in which the refuse is tumbled gradually to reduce the refuse to particulate form and in which the resistance to breakdown of at least the fibrous material is reduced by the ~7~ 6 dispersal thereover of the li.quid combustible materiali reg- :
ulating -the quan-tity of the refuse fed to the drum so that free space exis-ts in the drum to ensure that the refuse can tumble freely therein as the drum is rotated, rotating the drum so that reduction to particulate form of the fibrous material of low wet s-trength of the refuse is assisted by collision and intermingling thereof with said pieces of non-combustible mat-erials of greater strength and density thereby to produce a homogenized, discrete particulate mass, removing the mass from the drum, and removing from the mass at least large pieces of non-combustible material which are contained in the originally supplied refuse thereby to produce an air mermeable, parti-culate fuel of substantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
The invention will be described further, by way of example only, with reference to one practical form thereof.
2~
~-~J - 2-~l~70~
To produce a combustible disposable product rom waste materials consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid waste it is necessary to ensure that the solid content of the mixture is broken down into a particulate mass by subjecting it to a wetting process and mechanical working. Pulverization and homogenization are generally necessary in order that the end product of the process can be conveniently handled and burnt in furnaces, for example of the kind in which 'spreader type stokers' and movable grates are used.
An apparatus for pulverizing solid domestic and trade waste consists of a large rotary drum into which the solid waste is fed from one end.
The material in the drum, due to drum rotation and consequent tumbling in the drum, is gradually broken down into relatively small particle size as it paæses fro~ the inlet end of the drum to the outlet. Such an apparatus is known and is capable of pulverizing wetted refuse such as paper, cardboard and other nonmal types of domestic waster The apparatus ~ust referred to will not~ in fact, pulverize all types of solid combustible waste material, but, of course~ there are well known apparatuses for pulverising ~any types of material. For example~ for waste such as trade waste consistlng of wood and other relatively hard materials, apparatus such as a Ball Mill or Ha~er Mill may be used for the purpose of pulverizing the material.
.
~7~9~
The pro&ess of producing the combustible dis-posable product of the present invention essentially requires the addition of lLquid combustible material such as waste oil sludge as opposed to the non-combust ible liquid nor~ally used to wet the waste and the in-vention is based upon the appreciation that by addltion of such a combustible liquid material to the rotary drum pulveri7.ing apparatus referred to above it is .
possible to feed waste material which may consist of domestic waste and previously pulverized trade waste or pulverizable trade waste into the drum. As the drum Ls rotated and the solid content of the material contained therein becomes wetted-out with the liquid combustible material, pulverization and homogenization is achieved, breakdown of some of the solid ma~erials, particularly those with a low we~ strength, being assisted by the presence of the liquid in the drum~
As a result of the continuous rotation and consequent mixing and pulver:Lzing action solid content of the waste becomes broken down and in addition coated and/or impre~nated with the liquid waste and the material discharged from the end of the drum is screened to en-able large pieces of material to be removed from the particulate combustible material~ The removed material is sorted and any combus~ible material re-cycled or subjected to, for example, hammer milling, shredding or the like before being re-cycled.
.. . . . , ~
.
.
~7~946 Tests have shown that it is possible to produce a combustible material having a calorific value of the order of 20,500 KJ/kgm. on a dry, ash free basis, and it is found that this calorific value could be increased as necessary.
The part$cle size of the material produced was found to be satisfactory for burning in furnaces of the kind having a moving grate and it was found that non-combustible materials contained within the waste, such as broken glass, dld not give rise to fusing problems on the grate of the furnace and nor were there problems created by the production of Iblow holesl in the fire bed when the material was burned with low grade coal in the proportions of 22% waste product to 78% coalO It is thought that a higher percentage of combustible waste product could, in all probability, usefully be used, as for example, furnace fuel.
'':
The presence of materials such as large pieces of metal waste within the drum assists in pulverizing and homogenizing the other solid waste and these large pieces of material are, of course, re~oved after they have passed through the drum.
~-~J - 2-~l~70~
To produce a combustible disposable product rom waste materials consisting of a mixture of solid and liquid waste it is necessary to ensure that the solid content of the mixture is broken down into a particulate mass by subjecting it to a wetting process and mechanical working. Pulverization and homogenization are generally necessary in order that the end product of the process can be conveniently handled and burnt in furnaces, for example of the kind in which 'spreader type stokers' and movable grates are used.
An apparatus for pulverizing solid domestic and trade waste consists of a large rotary drum into which the solid waste is fed from one end.
The material in the drum, due to drum rotation and consequent tumbling in the drum, is gradually broken down into relatively small particle size as it paæses fro~ the inlet end of the drum to the outlet. Such an apparatus is known and is capable of pulverizing wetted refuse such as paper, cardboard and other nonmal types of domestic waster The apparatus ~ust referred to will not~ in fact, pulverize all types of solid combustible waste material, but, of course~ there are well known apparatuses for pulverising ~any types of material. For example~ for waste such as trade waste consistlng of wood and other relatively hard materials, apparatus such as a Ball Mill or Ha~er Mill may be used for the purpose of pulverizing the material.
.
~7~9~
The pro&ess of producing the combustible dis-posable product of the present invention essentially requires the addition of lLquid combustible material such as waste oil sludge as opposed to the non-combust ible liquid nor~ally used to wet the waste and the in-vention is based upon the appreciation that by addltion of such a combustible liquid material to the rotary drum pulveri7.ing apparatus referred to above it is .
possible to feed waste material which may consist of domestic waste and previously pulverized trade waste or pulverizable trade waste into the drum. As the drum Ls rotated and the solid content of the material contained therein becomes wetted-out with the liquid combustible material, pulverization and homogenization is achieved, breakdown of some of the solid ma~erials, particularly those with a low we~ strength, being assisted by the presence of the liquid in the drum~
As a result of the continuous rotation and consequent mixing and pulver:Lzing action solid content of the waste becomes broken down and in addition coated and/or impre~nated with the liquid waste and the material discharged from the end of the drum is screened to en-able large pieces of material to be removed from the particulate combustible material~ The removed material is sorted and any combus~ible material re-cycled or subjected to, for example, hammer milling, shredding or the like before being re-cycled.
.. . . . , ~
.
.
~7~946 Tests have shown that it is possible to produce a combustible material having a calorific value of the order of 20,500 KJ/kgm. on a dry, ash free basis, and it is found that this calorific value could be increased as necessary.
The part$cle size of the material produced was found to be satisfactory for burning in furnaces of the kind having a moving grate and it was found that non-combustible materials contained within the waste, such as broken glass, dld not give rise to fusing problems on the grate of the furnace and nor were there problems created by the production of Iblow holesl in the fire bed when the material was burned with low grade coal in the proportions of 22% waste product to 78% coalO It is thought that a higher percentage of combustible waste product could, in all probability, usefully be used, as for example, furnace fuel.
'':
The presence of materials such as large pieces of metal waste within the drum assists in pulverizing and homogenizing the other solid waste and these large pieces of material are, of course, re~oved after they have passed through the drum.
Claims (5)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A method of producing a fuel derived from waste material including the steps of: combining refuse containing fibrous material of low wet strength and of a primarily combus-tible nature and also containing material of greater strength and density; including non-combustible material, with liquid combustible material to enhance the calorific value of the re-fuse, feeding the refuse and the liquid combustible material into a rotary drum in which the refuse is tumbled gradually to reduce the refuse to particulate form and in which the resist-ance to breakdown of at least the fibrous material is reduced by the dispersal thereover of the liquid combustible material;
regulating the quantity of the refuse fed to the drum so that free space exists in the drum to ensure that the refuse can tumble freely therein as the drum is rotated, rotating the drum so that reduction to particulate form of the fibrous material of low wet strength of the refuse is assisted by collision and intermingling thereof with said pieces of non-combustible materials of greater strength and density thereby to produce a homogenised, discrete particulate mass, removing the mass from the drum, and removing from the mass at least large pieces of non-combustible material which are contained in the originally supplied refuse thereby to produce an air permeable, particulate fuel of substantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
regulating the quantity of the refuse fed to the drum so that free space exists in the drum to ensure that the refuse can tumble freely therein as the drum is rotated, rotating the drum so that reduction to particulate form of the fibrous material of low wet strength of the refuse is assisted by collision and intermingling thereof with said pieces of non-combustible materials of greater strength and density thereby to produce a homogenised, discrete particulate mass, removing the mass from the drum, and removing from the mass at least large pieces of non-combustible material which are contained in the originally supplied refuse thereby to produce an air permeable, particulate fuel of substantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
2. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said refuse contains ferrous material and including the steps of passing said mass removed from said drum through a separator, separating a granulated fraction from a non-granulated fraction, passing said non-granulated fraction to a magnetic separator and removing the ferrous material therefrom, passing the non-granu-lated fraction when said ferrous material has been removed there-from to a granulator and granulating same for recycling through said drum and addition to the previously formed and separated granulated fraction.
3. A method as set forth in claim 2, including the steps of adding said granulated material from which said ferrous material has been removed to said granulated fraction produced by said drum.
4. A method as set forth in claim 1, wherein said refuse contains ferrous material and including the steps of pas-sing said mass removed from said drum through a separator, separating a granulated fraction from a non-granulated fraction, passing said non-granulated fraction to a magnetic separator and removing the ferrous material therefrom, passing the non-granulated fraction when said ferrous material has been removed therefrom to a granulator, feeding solid industrial waste to said granulator and granulating the mixed materials in said granulator, feeding the granulated material from said granulator to said drum for admixture with the refuse and combustible liquid material in said drum, removing the homogenizes, discrete particulate mass from the drum and removing from the mass at least the large pieces of non-combustible material which are contained in the refuse supplied to the drum thereby to produce an air permeable particulate fuel of substantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
5. A method as set forth in claim 1, including the step of passing said mass removed from the drum through a sep-arator, separating a granulated fraction from a non-granulated fraction, passing said granulated fraction to a classifier, blow-ing air through said classifier at low velocity thus to separate
5. A method as set forth in claim 1, including the step of passing said mass removed from the drum through a sep-arator, separating a granulated fraction from a non-granulated fraction, passing said granulated fraction to a classifier, blow-ing air through said classifier at low velocity thus to separate
Claim 5 - continued light combustible material from heavier material containing non-combustible granules, and collecting the light combustible material to provide an air permeable particulate fuel of sub-stantially constant density, particle size and calorific value.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1716976A GB1496093A (en) | 1976-04-28 | 1976-04-28 | Production of combustible products from waste material |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1070946A true CA1070946A (en) | 1980-02-05 |
Family
ID=10090490
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA258,399A Expired CA1070946A (en) | 1976-04-28 | 1976-08-04 | Production of combustible products from waste material |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1070946A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH629843A5 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2718000C3 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK144129C (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1496093A (en) |
| NL (1) | NL7704635A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7704825L (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3316341A1 (en) * | 1983-05-05 | 1984-11-08 | Hölter, Heinz, Dipl.-Ing., 4390 Gladbeck | Process for producing easily ignitable refuse |
| US4560391A (en) * | 1984-05-31 | 1985-12-24 | Florida Progress Corporation | Alternative fuel comprised of sewage sludge and a liquid hydrocarbon fuel oil |
| SE8901022L (en) * | 1989-03-22 | 1990-09-23 | Cementa Ab | RECOGNITION AND USEFUL USE OF DANGEROUS WASTE |
-
1976
- 1976-04-28 GB GB1716976A patent/GB1496093A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-08-04 CA CA258,399A patent/CA1070946A/en not_active Expired
-
1977
- 1977-04-22 DE DE19772718000 patent/DE2718000C3/en not_active Expired
- 1977-04-26 CH CH524877A patent/CH629843A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-04-27 SE SE7704825A patent/SE7704825L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1977-04-27 DK DK185477A patent/DK144129C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1977-04-27 NL NL7704635A patent/NL7704635A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DK144129C (en) | 1982-06-01 |
| DK144129B (en) | 1981-12-14 |
| CH629843A5 (en) | 1982-05-14 |
| DE2718000B2 (en) | 1979-10-25 |
| DE2718000A1 (en) | 1977-11-17 |
| DK185477A (en) | 1977-10-29 |
| SE7704825L (en) | 1977-10-29 |
| NL7704635A (en) | 1977-11-01 |
| DE2718000C3 (en) | 1980-07-17 |
| GB1496093A (en) | 1977-12-21 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |