CA1059950A - Water suspension and screening type classifier - Google Patents
Water suspension and screening type classifierInfo
- Publication number
- CA1059950A CA1059950A CA255,387A CA255387A CA1059950A CA 1059950 A CA1059950 A CA 1059950A CA 255387 A CA255387 A CA 255387A CA 1059950 A CA1059950 A CA 1059950A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- drum
- sand
- water
- rear end
- outlet
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
- B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
- B03B5/00—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating
- B03B5/48—Washing granular, powdered or lumpy materials; Wet separating by mechanical classifiers
- B03B5/56—Drum classifiers
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- Separation Of Solids By Using Liquids Or Pneumatic Power (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE:
A wet-type classifier comprising: a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into the drum, the feeding means being enclosed by the drum, disposed concentrically within the drum and attached to the drum for ro-tation therewith, the feeding means having an inlet opening adjacent to the front outlet of the drum and an outlet opening adjacent to the rear outlet of said drum, a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in the muddy water to settle onto the bottom of the drum and trans-ferring the settled sand towards the rear end of the drum, the classifying means being fixedly secured to the interior surface of the drum and covering substantially the entire length of the drum. A discharging means is fixedly secured to the rear end of the drum for expelling the transferred sand from the rear outlet of the drum comprising a plurality of paddles fixed to the inte-rior of the drum, each paddle having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the clas-sifier, the discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and cone-shaped member being fixed to the inner ends of paddles for discharging the water-separated sand from the drum.
The cone-shaped member has an exterior inclined surface and is disposed at the center of the plurality of paddles, whereby subs-tantially water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rotation of the drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to the friction from the sand. This single drum classifier has all the classifying elements integral with the drum such that they are all rotated with the drum.
A wet-type classifier comprising: a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into the drum, the feeding means being enclosed by the drum, disposed concentrically within the drum and attached to the drum for ro-tation therewith, the feeding means having an inlet opening adjacent to the front outlet of the drum and an outlet opening adjacent to the rear outlet of said drum, a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in the muddy water to settle onto the bottom of the drum and trans-ferring the settled sand towards the rear end of the drum, the classifying means being fixedly secured to the interior surface of the drum and covering substantially the entire length of the drum. A discharging means is fixedly secured to the rear end of the drum for expelling the transferred sand from the rear outlet of the drum comprising a plurality of paddles fixed to the inte-rior of the drum, each paddle having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the clas-sifier, the discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and cone-shaped member being fixed to the inner ends of paddles for discharging the water-separated sand from the drum.
The cone-shaped member has an exterior inclined surface and is disposed at the center of the plurality of paddles, whereby subs-tantially water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rotation of the drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to the friction from the sand. This single drum classifier has all the classifying elements integral with the drum such that they are all rotated with the drum.
Description
This invention relates to a wet drum type classifier, and especially a drum-type sand classifier which has a cone-~haped discharge chute that effectively discharges the clas~ified sand and is e~ployed instead of the conventional belt conveyor.
Generally speaking, there are several methods of separating solid particles into group~ which have the same particle size range. An effective method i~ screening which is performed by ~aking use of the difference in size of particles to be classified but not of the difference in ~pecific gravity of the particles. However, when classification of minute particles which have a diameter of les~ than 0.1 mm is required, this screening method i9 no longer useful.
Another effective method of separating particle~ into groups of the same particle size range is called "classifying" .
Classifyine makes use of the settling velocity of solid particles which are in a nuid body and the above velocitg varies corres-ponding to the size as well as the specific gravity of the solid particles. Thi5 clas~ifying generally consists of "wet clas~ify-ing" which uses water as the fluid body and "dry classifying"
which uses air as the fluid body. Since the viscosity coefficient of water i8 50 times greater than that of air, the settling speed of solid particles also varies greatly depending on the fluid body used. Accordingly the minimum size of a solid particles which can be classified is around 10 ~ - 1 mm with "wet classify-ing" while it is around 1 ~ - 1 mm with "dry ¢lassifying".
~he sand classifier of this invention make~ use of the wet classifying method by which even the mud component can be eliminated (classified) from muddy water which results in the production of clear water.
The wet-type classifier generally comprises rake-type, spiral-type and drum-type classifiers.
~he first two of the foregoing types of classifiers, lOS9950 however, are seldom used any longer since their classi~ying efficiency is low and they cannot keep up with the demand for .
sand which i5 increasing remarkably these days. Therefore, the drum-type classifier is predominately used.
According to the present invention, there is provided a wet-type classifier comprising: a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into the drum, said feeding means being enclosed by the drum, disposed concentrically within the drum and attached to the drum for rota-tion with the drum, the feeding means having an inlet opening ad~acent to the front outlet of the drum and an outlet opening adjacent to the rear outlet of the drum, a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in the muddy water to settle onto the bottom of the drum and transferring the settled sand towards the rear end of the drum, the classifying means bei.ng fixedly secured to the interior surface of the drum and covering substantially the entire length of the drum. A dischar-ging means is fixedly secured to the rear end of the drum for ex-pelling the transferred sand from the rear outlet of the drum com-prising a plurality of paddles fixed to the interior of the drum, each paddle having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier, the dis-charching means being disposed at the rear end of the drum and a cone-shaped member fixed to the inner ends of paddles for dischar-ging the water-separated sand from said drum, the cone-shaped mem-ber having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of the plurality of paddles, whereby substantiaily water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rota-tion of the drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to thefriction from the sand.
Generally speaking, there are several methods of separating solid particles into group~ which have the same particle size range. An effective method i~ screening which is performed by ~aking use of the difference in size of particles to be classified but not of the difference in ~pecific gravity of the particles. However, when classification of minute particles which have a diameter of les~ than 0.1 mm is required, this screening method i9 no longer useful.
Another effective method of separating particle~ into groups of the same particle size range is called "classifying" .
Classifyine makes use of the settling velocity of solid particles which are in a nuid body and the above velocitg varies corres-ponding to the size as well as the specific gravity of the solid particles. Thi5 clas~ifying generally consists of "wet clas~ify-ing" which uses water as the fluid body and "dry classifying"
which uses air as the fluid body. Since the viscosity coefficient of water i8 50 times greater than that of air, the settling speed of solid particles also varies greatly depending on the fluid body used. Accordingly the minimum size of a solid particles which can be classified is around 10 ~ - 1 mm with "wet classify-ing" while it is around 1 ~ - 1 mm with "dry ¢lassifying".
~he sand classifier of this invention make~ use of the wet classifying method by which even the mud component can be eliminated (classified) from muddy water which results in the production of clear water.
The wet-type classifier generally comprises rake-type, spiral-type and drum-type classifiers.
~he first two of the foregoing types of classifiers, lOS9950 however, are seldom used any longer since their classi~ying efficiency is low and they cannot keep up with the demand for .
sand which i5 increasing remarkably these days. Therefore, the drum-type classifier is predominately used.
According to the present invention, there is provided a wet-type classifier comprising: a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into the drum, said feeding means being enclosed by the drum, disposed concentrically within the drum and attached to the drum for rota-tion with the drum, the feeding means having an inlet opening ad~acent to the front outlet of the drum and an outlet opening adjacent to the rear outlet of the drum, a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in the muddy water to settle onto the bottom of the drum and transferring the settled sand towards the rear end of the drum, the classifying means bei.ng fixedly secured to the interior surface of the drum and covering substantially the entire length of the drum. A dischar-ging means is fixedly secured to the rear end of the drum for ex-pelling the transferred sand from the rear outlet of the drum com-prising a plurality of paddles fixed to the interior of the drum, each paddle having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier, the dis-charching means being disposed at the rear end of the drum and a cone-shaped member fixed to the inner ends of paddles for dischar-ging the water-separated sand from said drum, the cone-shaped mem-ber having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of the plurality of paddles, whereby substantiaily water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rota-tion of the drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to thefriction from the sand.
- 2 The apparatus of this invention differs greatly from the conventional apparatuses. The conventional apparatus requires a belt conveyor which is inserted into the rotary drum of the classifier and discharges the classified sand out of the drum and is an indispensable element of the apparatus, while the classifier of this invention has a unique discharge means which, is integral with the rotary drum. The discharge system of the invention is completely new and different from the conventional system basically due to the aforementioned discharge means, which results in a remarkable improvement of the classification efficiency, a great increase in the amount of sand that is discharged without sacrificing the compactness of the apparatus and a drastic decrease of mechanical failures which are caused due to friction or corrosion of the parts of the apparatus.
Since the conventional drum-type classifier requires a belt conveyor which is placed into the drum from the outlet, the outlet, which is located at the rear of the drum, must be large enough for the insertion of the conveyor. Therefore a low capacity for classification results since the volume of muddy water which can enter the drum is small as is the amount of classified sand which is discharged from the drum.
Here, two drums are compared in order to understand the relationship between the capacity of the drum and the diameter of the outlet which is located at the rear end of the drum. Both drums have an equal length of 3.Om and an equal dia-me~er of 2.Sm. One drum has an outlet diameter of 1.7m while the other has an outlet diameter of l.Om. Due ot this stuctural difference, ,.
- 2a -the ~olume of ~uddy water which can be retained in the latter drum is 2.3 times greater than that of the former drum since the outlet diameter is smaller. ~his implies that if the aforementioned be}t conveyor is no longer required, a compact cla~si~ier which does not sacrifice the volume of sand discharged from the classifier can be constructed.
It i9 an object of the present invention to provide a drum-type classifier which has a cone-Qhaped discharge means that is formed as an integral part of the classifier and is employed for discharging the ola~sified product ~uch as sand rather than using the conventional belt conveyor. Since the discharge means is an integral part of the rotary drum, the clas~ified sand is smoothly discharged from the drum as the drum rotates.
In the case of the conventional classifier where the rotary drum and discharging means are independently operated, parts of the apparatus are always subject to severe frictional wear caused by sand, giving rise to variou~ mechanical failures or accidents, which are difficult problems and remain unsolved.
It is another ob~ect of this invention to provide a classifier which produce~ classi~ied sand with i~proved uni~ormity of classification set within certain limits as co~pared to the sand that is cla~sified by the con~entional classifier~. Due to the lowering of percentage of mud which remains in the clas~ified sand, sand with few mud components can be obtained which can be used to produce cement~ which have high rigidity.
It is ~till another ob~ect of this invention to provide a classifier which is capable of separating the mud from the larger sand componentQ and is further capable of classifying the mud into coarse mud which is discharged through the outlet, and fine mud which remains in the water and is discharged with it through the water discharge outlet.
``~ lOS9950 A further object of the present invention i9 to provide a drum-type classifier which has a settled ~and cleaning portion which is dispo~ed between settled sand di~charge mechanis~s whereby the apparatuB i8 capable of classifying as well as cleaning the sand by removing the mud component which exists in the classified sand.
~ still further object of the present invention is to provide a drum-type classifier which can be used as an apparatus for removing ~uspended matter from the waste liquid in such a way that the flocculated material obtained by flocculation of suspended matter in the wa~te liquid is discharged from the drum during the rotation of the drum.
The construction and operation o~ this invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of the specific embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompany-ing drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal front view showing a drum type sand classifier of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a rear transverse view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front transverse view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. ~ is a transverse cross-~ectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 taken along the line I-I.
Fig. 5 is a developed view of the drum of the apparatus of Fig. 1 showing the relationship of the helicoid blade3, paddles and the blockade pl~te~.
Fig. 6 i~ an expanded plan view o~ a portion of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 iB a longitudinal ~ide view of a portion of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 appearing on the same sheet as Fig. 4, is a schematic ~A ~4 -~` ' lOS99SO
view showing the direction of a falling particle in the muddy water.
Fig. 9 i9 a partial view of a feed pipc which has the rear portion made of expanded metal.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal cro3s-sectional view showing a drum-type sand classifier of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a drum-type sand ¢lassifier of the third embodiment of the present in~ention.
Fig. 12 appearing on the same sheet as Fig. 9, is a front view partially broken away of the classifier of the above en-bodiment.
Fig. 13 is a rear view partially broken away of the above classifier.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a plurality of improved types of scooping paddles.
I Fig. 15 and Pig. 16 are pictorial views showing the portion where the helicoid blades and the scoopine paddles meet in the first or the second embodiments and also in the third embodiment.
Fig. 17 i9 a schematic view showing the scooping paddles oi~ the first and the second embodiments.
Fig. 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the modified form of the classifier of the third embodiment.
; Fig. 19 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the classifier of the fourth and the fifth embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is an explanatory view showlng the flow of wàste water withln the drum of the classifier of the fourth embodiment.
Fig. 2i i~ a cro~s-sectional view of the classifier shown in Fig. 19 taken along line II-II.
Fig. 22 through Fig. 24 are schematical cross sectional `` 1059950 views of the classifier of the fourth embodiment showing the various type~ of helicoid blades a~tached to the inner ~urface of the drum.
In this embodiment, a rotary drum 1 encloses a feed pipe 2 ~hich i8 concentric within the drum. The pipe 2 ha3 an inlet 3 at the front end into which the muddy water is introduced and an outlet 4 at the rear end. ~he rear end portion of the pipe has a plural number of apertures 5 which may be provided, for example, by fabricating the rear end portion of an expanded metal mesh. The diameter of the pipe 2 gradually increases from the front end to the rear end. Purthermore the pipe 2 is supported by a plurality of frames 6 which extend radially from the outer sur$ace of the rear end of the pipe 2 with one end of the respectiYe frames 6 being secured to the rear of the pipe 2 and the other end of the respective frame~ 6 being secured to the upper portion of the respective helicoid blades 7. A plurality of helicoid blades 7 of the same pitch are fixedly secured to the entire inner surface of the drum at regular interval~ except at the rear end of the drum 1. A plurality of paddles 8 are radially disposed with their distal ends secured to the inner surface of the drum 1. Each paddle 8 has a number of apertures 9. A cone-shaped chute 10 is concentric with and located at the rear end of the drum 1; it i8 an integral part of the drum 1 with the base of the conical shape being secured to the circular plate t 1 which in turn has an inclined surface ~ecured to the sides of the paddles 8. A plurality of partitions 12 are fixedly mounted on the inclined face of the conical chute t 0. An adjustable circular plate 13 is removably mounted on the outer periphery of a circular plate 14 which has an inclined surface that i9 ~ecured to the sides of the paddles 8. ~ indicate3 an outlet from which classified sand is discharged. The discharged sand is cast into a discharge chute 15. Numeral 16 indicates a plurality of baffle plates which are disposed along the length of drum ~ at regular intervals. The outer portion of each : baffle plate 16 i9 attached to a helicoid blade 7 while the inner portion remain~ free and e~tends toward the central axis of the drum 1. A indicates an outlet through which the super-natant water is carried to a water discharge chute 17. The discharged supernatant water is delivered to a reservoir by a suitable means such as a pump (not shown in drawings). Numeral 18 indioates an adjustable circular plate which is removably mounted on the front of plate 19, the outer periphery of which in turn is secured to the frontmost edge of the drum 1.
With reference to Fig. 2, a plurality of teeth 20 are fixedly attached to the outer circumference at the midsection of the drum 1. An endless chain 21 i9 extended between the drum 1 and a first sprocket wheel 22 which i~ fixedly mounted on a shaft 23. Numeral 25 indicates an endless chain which is extended between the second sprocket wheel 24 and a third sprocket wheel 26 that i5 fixedly mounted on a shaft of a motor 27.
Numeral 28 indicates a base on which the above sprockets and the motor 27 are mounted. The drum 1 i8 rotatably supported by plural pairs of rollers 29. Each roller 29 is fixedly mounted on shafts 30 which have both ends journal mounted in bearings 31. Bearings 31 are fixedly mounted on a frame structure 32.
Referring to Figs. 3,5,6 and 7, a plurality of blockade plates 33 are shown which are disposed along the inner circumference of the drum at required longitudinal positions, wherein each plate 3~ is inserted between two helicoid blades 7 and has both sides secured to the side edge of the blades 7 by bolts 34. The height of the plates 33 is half that of the blades 7.
The manner in which the apparatus i~ operated i9 hereinafter described with reference to the individual operation of the parts of the apparatu~.
`` lOS9950 The muddy water which contains sand is continuously supplied to the front inlet 3 of the feed pipe 2 while the drum 1 i9 rotated by the motor 27. Since the feed pipe 2 has a diameter which gradually and continuously increa~es toward the rear end of the pipe 2 and also has numerous apertures 5 at the rear end of the pipe, the muddy water which i~ introduced into the pipe 2 passes through the apertures 5 and i~ dispersed downwardly into the drum 1. Some of the remaining flow of water may pa~s downward from the outlet 4 of the pipe. Therefore, the muddy water loses flow energy or velocity and no vortices occur at the point where the water leaves the feed pipe 2, which results in improvement of the classification. The muddy water is then forced to overflow the plurality of baffle plates 16 and move towards the water discharge outlet A located at the front end of the drum 1. During the above mentioned movement of the muddy water in the direction of the water discharge outlet A, sand particles which have a specific gravity that is greater than that of water settle onto the bottom of the drum 1, bumping into the baffle plates 16 and losing their flow energy. Then the settled sand is transferred by the rotation of the helicoid blades 7 to the rear end of the drum 1 where a plurality of paddles 8 are disposed. Each helicoid blade 7 has many apertures at the rear portion ~o that it can move smoothly without any flow resistance to the water. Furthermore, the movement of sand containing some settled mud towards the discharge outlet A i9 prevented by a number of blockade plates 33 and the blockaded 9and i8 moved along the inner surface of the drum 1 by the rota-tion of the drum 1. When the sand i9 transferred to the "top dead point" where it slides into the blockade plates 33, the Yand falls onto the upper portion of the feed pipe 2 and then is ~cattered into the water. The scattered sand or mud components move in one of the directions in the water as shown in Fig. 8 depending on the size and specific gravity of the sand, wherein a indicates a mud particles, b, a minute saMd particle, c, a coarse particle and F indicates the flow direction of the muddy supernatant water. By the repetition of the abo~e actions where the effect is proportional to the number of blockade plates 33 that are attached, the particle ~ize distribution of the classified sand i8 adjustable. Then, as the sand is moved along the inner surfa¢e of the drum 1 to~ards the upper portion due to the rota-tion of the drum 1, the water which is transported along with the sand i9 entirely eliminated through a number of apertures 9 in each padd~le 8. When the sand which is free of water is transferred to a location directly above the cone-shaped discharge means 10, the sand is cast onto the inclined sur$ace of the discharge mean~ 10.
Since a necessary number of partitions 12 are fi~edly secured to the inclin~d surface of the discharge means 10 slides along the inclined surface and i9 discharged $rom the discharge outlet B~
Meanwhile, the supernatant water, which i8 the remainder of the muddy water after the sand of the required size range has æettled onto the bottom of the drum 1, is caused to overflow from the discharge outlet A into the water discharge chute 17.
The water is then transferred to a reservoir by a suitable means such as a power-operated pump.
~ he second embodiment discloses a drum-type classifier which is characterized by having water separation paddles disposed coaxially one subsequent to the other at the sand dis-charge end of the drum. Although when producing sand, separation into uniform particle sizes i9 ne¢essary; decrea~ing the amount of mud remaining in the classified sand is also important in raising the quality of the sand since the above quantity of mud will in$1uence the strength of the concrete produced using the sand.
-- 9 ~
For the purpose of improving the abo~e quality, conventional claæsifiers have made various kinds ~f improvements in the water separation paddle3. However, ~ince the sand is scooped fro~ muddy water, the removal of the mud in the classified sand cannot be thoroughly achieved. It i9 especially difficult to decrease the quantity of mud in the final product when minute sand particles must be classified from very muddy water.
This embodiment has resolved the above problems by disposine the water separation paddle~ coaxially with one subsequent to the other. In short, the mud component contained in the cla~sified sand is drastically decreased by the combina-tion of the first ring of water separation paddles which ~coop the minute sand particles from water containing a relatively large quantity of mud and the second ring of separation paddles which are disposed subsequent to the above first separation paddle~ and which clean the classified sand with the water.
In this embodiment as shown in ~ig. 10, at the rear portion of a settled sand discharge mechanism C in the axial direction of the drum 1, another settled sand discharge mechanism C~ which has a similar construction to mechanism C is disposed coaxially with mechanism C, wherein numeral 14' indicates a ring-like weir plate. 8' indicates water ~eparation paddle~, numeral 10' indicates a cone-shaped chute, numeral 12' indicates partition plates, numeral 11' indicates a ring-like side plate and numeral 7' indicates helicoid spirals.
A clean water 8upply tube 35 i8 disposed within the settled sand discharge opening B' from the outside of the drum 1 such that clean water is supplied to the settled-sand cleaning portion F which i8 enclosed between the ring-like weir plates 14 and 14' and the inner peripheral wall of the rear portion of the drum 1 where the settled sand i~ cleaned.
lhe settled sand such as minute sand which is dischar~ed by the ~ettled ~and discharge mechani~m C still contains a sizeable quantity of mud since the water separation paddles 8 rotate in water which conta1n~ a great quantity of mud.
Due to the above mentioned construction, if this settled sand is charged into a settled sand cleaning portion F, which is enclosed by the ring-like weir plates 14 and 14' and the rear portion of the drum 1, the mud components which adhere to the minute sand particle~ are wa~hed away by the clean water which i~ charged through the clean water supply tube 35 and the clean settled sand is discharged from the outlet of the drum 1 by the settled product discharge mechanism C' which i8 similar in construction to mechanism C. Furthermore since the settled sand discharee openings B and B' of the ring-like weir plates 13 and 13^ have a smaller diameter than that of the supernatant water discharge opening A, muddy water with a smaller amount of mud is discharged into the 3ettled sand cleaning portion F 90 that the density of the mud component of the water is maintained at a very low level whereby the quantity of mud contained in the classified minute sand, is lowered to the extremely low percentage of less than one per cent. Meanwhile the supernatant water which contains the mud component is discharged from the drum 1 through the æupernatant water discharge opening A of the ring-like weir plate 19.
In this embodiment, the inventor describe3 a classifier which i9 capable of cla~sifying as well as cleaning the ~and by removing the mud component which e%ists in the classified sand.
However, it should be noted that the apparatus of this embodiment is also applicable for use in classifying components which are settlable and are contained in other kinds of liquids.
As has been described heretofore, since the cleaning of classified sand is conducted simultaneously with the cla3sify-ing operation, it is unnecessary to spend extra ti~e cleaning the classified sand and the quality of the settled product i9 improved.
Thi~ embodiment discloses a rotary-type classifier whose primary purpose is to improve the quality of the clas~ified ~ettled sand and is characterized by having an improved type of water separation paddles. ~he inventor has disclosed rotary-type classifiers with great practical merit heretofore. However, referring to the above classifiers as shown in ~ig. 16 and Fig.
17, at the ~ettled sand discharge end of the drum body a', a plurality of water-separation or scooping paddles b', each of which has a multiplicity of apertures formed therein is radially secured to the inner periphery of the drum 1 in an axial direc-tion. ~here~ore, the portion or point where the discharge end of the helicoid blade d~ and the scooping plate b' meet, forms a considerably acute angle. This implies that the settled sand e' which is transferred to the settled sand discharge end by a plurality of helicoid blades te~ds to accumulate at the deflected or bent portions while a "dam" is formed between the accumulated settled sand e' and the ring-like weir plate f' is for discharging the settled product. A multiplicity of aperture~ that are formed in each scooping plate, can not separate the water sati~factorily due to the restriction on the size and number of apertures, there-fore the discharged sand ~till contains a considerable amount of water.
Generally ~peaking, the cleaning operation is conducted after the classification of the settled sand when the settled sand contain~a great amount of impurities.
This embodiment provides a rotary-type classifier which can produce a classified product of improved quality by efficient-ly separating out the water without necessitating the abovecleaning operation. The classifying and cleaning operation3 are simultaneously conducted as desired, corresponding to the ~uantity of impurities relative to the liquid to be treated.
~he apparatus of this embodiment is hereinafter described in great detail in conjunction with the attached drawings except for the means which are described in the previous embodiments.
In this embodiment, D indicates a dam formed by the cylindrical drum 1 and the two end weir plates. lhe ring-like weir plate 19 located at the front end of the drum 1 has a circular opening A greater than the opening B of the rear ring-like weir plate 14 so tha-t the supernatant water will overflow through the opening A.
With respect to the ~cooping paddles 8 which form the essential part of this embodiment, the peripheral portion 8a of the above scooping paddle 8 has a height equal to the height of the adjoining helicoid blade 7 and i3 also deflected at a desired angle from the axial direction of the drum.
Due to the above construction of the helicoid blades as shown in Figure 15, the angle formed by a helicoid blade 7 and the peripheral portion 8a of the scooping paddle 8 is approximately 180 90 that the settled product E which i9 transferred from the helicoid blade 7 does not accumulate at the deflected area but accumulates at the deepe~t corner area formed by the scooping paddle, drum 1 and the weir plate 4. In other words, the 90 called "dam" which appears between the ring-like weir plate 14 and the accumulated settled product in conventional apparatuses is not formed 90 that the water separation is effectively conducted a~ the accumulated settled product i~ lifted up by the peripheral portion 8a of the individual scooping paddle 8 which utilizes the above-mentioned water separation apertures 13.
Furthermore it is desirable that the peripheral portion 8a of the scooping paddle be nearly sevcred from the inner portion 8b thereof as shown in Fig 14 and that the triangular 105~950 opening 8c i9 formed by disposing the inner portion 8b slightly behin~ the peripheral portion 8a relative to the rotation of the drum 1. The above mentioned con~truction of the soooping paddle relative to the helicoid blade can be formed by twisting the scooping plate.
The triangular cut 8c acts as an opening through which the water pas~es 80 that the energy required to rotate the drum is decrea~ed as the settled product is elevated.
Fig. 18 describes the clas~ifying apparatus with two settled product di~charge mechanisms which are sequentially disposed in parallel and perpendicular to the axial direction at the rear of the drum. Each mechani6m comprises a plurality of scooping paddles with apertures therein.
In the above construction, the central openings B, B' of the ring-like weir plates 14, 14' have diameters Y, Y' which are smaller than the diameter X of the opening A of the ring-like weir plate 19. The above diameter Y' i3 smaller than the diameter Y although the diameter Y' can be the same as the diameter Y in some case.
Furthermore, as mentioned above, the helicoid blades 7' can be employed between the discharge mechanisms C and C' ~o that the settled product di~charged by the settled sand discharge mechanism C is transferred to the next settled-product discharge mechanism C'.
In addition, the clea~ water supply tube 35 is disposed through the opening B' of the final ring-like weir plate.
Accordingly, the ¢lean water discharged from the supply tube 35 is charged between the above-mentioned settled product discharge mechani~ms C, C', thus forming a cleaning chamber F.
Due to the above-mentioned settled product discharge mechanisms C and C', the settled product discharged by the ~A
~os99so helicoid blades 7 i8 subject to a circular rotation operation which consists of scooping up the sand, separating the water from the sand and discharging the sand by gravity coupled with the water separation effects of scooping paddles 8 and 8' so that the product finally discharged from the drum is almo~t entirely free from impurities such as mud and shows a greatly improved quality.
As has been described heretofore, the apparatus of this embodiment can achieve total water separation when the settled product is scooped up by the scooping plates.
This embodiment discloses a drum-type classifier which i9 characterized by a water-flow regulating structure which prevents the agitation of the settled product between the helicoid blades that is caused by water energy at the point where water fall~ into the drum.
The rotary-type drum classifier employ 8 a classifying method whereby the settled product is separated from the raw or waste liquid by specific gravity of the product so that the dam of waste water which is formed within the drum remains as calm as possible.
However it is hardly possible to obtain calmness at the point where the water continuously falls into the drum, so that heretofore, in order to weaken or disperse the flow energy at the above point, several methods including one which adopt~
a screen at the outlet portion of the feed pipe, have been diæclosed.
~ owe~er, the above methods are less efficient once the product which is settled between each two helicoid blades is agitated by the water energy caused by the rotation of the drum in order to transfer the settled product to the rear of the drum. The above phenomenon occurs especially when classifying mud composed of extremely minute particles, which range downward ~ os99so in size 200 ~. The above classifying cannot be conducted sati~factorily by conventional methods.
The manner in which is operated the apparatus of this embodiment which has resolved the above problem is herein-after explained in conjunction with the drawing of ~ig. 19 and 20 wherein the apparatus is characterized by having a circular cov~ring plate 36 which i8 disposed within the dru~ 1 such that the co~ering plate 36 covers the rear of the helicoid blades 7.
~ hen waste water is continuously fed into the 310wly rotating drum 1 by way of the waste water introduction pipe 2a, the waste water falls into the drum 1 from the outlet of the feed pipe 2 and forms a dam which has the cross-section of a segment of a circle.
The waste water whi¢h is charged into the drum ~ first - hits the side separation plate 11 which is disposed at the rear of the feed pipe 2 and flows in the drum loses its flow energy by hitting ring-like baffle plates 16.
Since vortices are formed at the point just below the outlet of the feed pipe 2 due to the falling of the waste water, this embodiment has the circular covering plate 36 secured to the outer periphery of the side plate 11 ~uch that the covering plate 36 cover~ the rear portions of the helicoid blades 7 for the purpose of changing the flow direction of the wa~te water to a horizontal direction at this point.
Since classifiers described heretofore do not ha~e the circular co~ering plate 36, the waste water which falls into the drum from the outlet of the feed pipe 2 flows into the place~
between the helicoid blades 7 at a location below the outlet of the feed pipe 2 a~ shown in the dotted line and thereby causes the ~ortices.
Accordingly, the smaller the particle size of the product which settle~ between each two helicoid blade becomes, A 16 _ ~ 59 9 50 the greater the ~ettled product is agitated. ~herefore, the settled product i~ not tran~ferred toward the scooping paddles 8 which results in the ~upernatant water containing the abo~e whirled once-settled product.
In thiæ embodiment, as has been described above, by employing the circular covering plate 36 which covers the helicoid blades 7 at the above-mentioned location, the flow direotion can be changed so that the occurence of vortice~
between the helicoid blades 7 can be pre~ented or regulated.
It is to be noted, however, that there mu~t be enough space between the circular covering plate 36 and the ring-like baffle plates 16 where the wa~te water i5 first 80 that the settled product doe~ not accumulate on the inner wall of the circular covering plate 36.
In this manner the minute particle~ contained in the waste water generally settle onto the~bottom of the drum 1 between the helicoid blades 7 at a location far from the outlet of the feed pipe 2, namely, the point close~t to the supernatant water discharge A where the dam, formed by the waste water is the most stable. After settling, the particles are transferred along the helicoid blade~ 7 toward the rear of the drum 1 by the rotation of the drum 1 as shown in ~ig. 19 and reach a loca-tion just below the outlet of the feed pipe 2.
Since the water energy of the falling waste water does not affect the water between the heIicoid blades which are covered by the co~ering plate 36, the settled minute particles are not affected by the energy and pass below the circular covering plate 36 and are smoothly charged into the scooping paddle3 8 which are radial~y disposed subsequent to the helicoid blades 7. ~he thusly transferred particles are then raised upward by the ~cooping paddle~ while being ~eparated from the water by the rotation of the drum and are di~charged downward onto the cone-shaped chute 10 which is disposed in the center of the plurality of scooping paddles 8 and the particles out of the drum 1 ~ ig. 19 shows the apparatus of this embodiment most precisely wherein the rear of the feed pipe 2 is integrally attached to the back of the cone-shaped chute 10 and a desired number of side openings 37 are formed in the rear of the feed pipe 2.
~ urthermore the apparatus as shown in Fig. 19 has a drum which is proportionally shorter in length relative to the diameter when compared to conventional apparatuses, but the volume of water contained in the drum 1 is kept the same. There-fore, the dam formed in the drum can have a greater depth thaa that of conventional apparatu~es. ~he greater depth of the dam coupled with the effect caused by the circular covering plate, prevents the a~itation of the settled product as much as possible so that the classifying efficiency of the apparatus is greatly improved.
This embodiment discloses a rotary-type classifier which is most suitable for separating and discharging flocculated material obtained by flocculating suspended matter in waste water, ~ he inventor has already disclosed a rotary-type classifier for classifying sand and the like in the foregoing embodiments. However, when the classifier is directly applied to the disposal of waste water which may contain suspended matter it does not work well due to its construction. It is because the flocculated material which i9 produced as coloidal particles by adding a high molecular weight coagulant to the waste water have a lower specific gravity compared to sand so that even when they are settled between the helicoid blades which are fi~edly secured to the inner peripheral surface of _ 18 -the dru~, the settled flocculated product is dispersed into the waste water again by the rotation of the drum and can not be smoothly transferred to the discharge end of the drum.
In this embodiment as shown in Fig. 19 through Fig. 24, numeral 38 indicates a space confined by the helicoid blades which are formed to serve the complete transferring of the settled flocculated material from the drum and G indicates flocculated material or particles.
In Fig. 22 through 24, helicoid blades with vari OU9 types of cross-sections are shown.
The manner in which tha apparatus of this embodiment i8 operated is hereinafter disclosed.
First, the waste water i9 charged into the drum 1 through the waste water introduction pipe 2a and the inversely tapered feed pipe 2. Thehigh-molecular weight coagulants can be added either before or after the waste water is charged into the drum 1 to form the flocculated material. The waste water which is then charged into the drum 1 forms the dam within the drum which has the cross-section of a segment of a circle. The waste water in the drum is transferred toward the supernatant water discharge opening A. In the above flow of the water, the flocculated material suspended in the waste water is caused to settle downward by the action of the ring-like baffle plates 16 and settles into the areas between each two helicoid blades 7. The helicoid blades 7 which are an integral part of the drum rotate in the direction of the arrow as shown in Fig. 21.
Since the space 38 between each two helicoid blades 7 has a narrowed opening directed in the rotating direction of the drum 1, the flocculated particles G which settle between each two helicoid blades 7 do not escape from the narrowed opening due to the configuration of the helicoid blades 7 even though they may be displaced from (p) to (q) within the space a~ the drum i8 rotated.
In this manner the flocculated material which is confined to the ~pace i9 smoothly transferred along the ~urfaces of the helicoid blades 7 toward the rear of the drum 1 and subsequ~ntly is charged onto the scooping paddles 8 which are radially disposed at the rear of the drum 1. The flocculated material is then raised upward by the scooping paddle~ correspond-ing to the rotation of the drum 1 80 that the water i8 ~eparated from the scooped flocculated material and the material slides forward onto the paddle~, then onto the cone-shaped chute 10 which eventually di~chargea the flocculated material through the settled product discharge opening B. The supernatant water which is free from the above flocculated material i9 di~charged from the supernatant water discharge opening A.
As has been described heretofore according to this invention, since the heli¢oid blades 7 are shaped and secured to the inner peripheral surface of the drum in such a way that the space 38 between each two helicoid blades 7 has a narrowed upper opening in a direction which corresponds to the rotating direction of the drum 1, even the settled product of a low specific gravity such a~ a flocculated product can be smoothly tra~sferred whereby the removal of flocculated material can be achieved.
According to this invention, the apparatus is characterized by the following itemized advantages:
1) The sand which i8 contained in the muddy water is to some extent forcibly caused to settle onto the bottom of the drum 1 by employing a number of heliooid blades 7; therefore, the volume of minute sand particles which overflow with the supernatant water can be limited to as small an amount as possible, resulting in remarkable classification efficiency.
2) Since the feed pipe 2 is constructed as an integral ~A
part of the rotary drum 1 and, therefore, rotates with the drum 1, the sand is uniformly distributed over the entire inner sur~ace of the drum 1 so that wear also occur~ evenly on the entire surface of the drum 1 rather than on certain portions only, which enables the apparatus to withstand long use.
Since the conventional drum-type classifier requires a belt conveyor which is placed into the drum from the outlet, the outlet, which is located at the rear of the drum, must be large enough for the insertion of the conveyor. Therefore a low capacity for classification results since the volume of muddy water which can enter the drum is small as is the amount of classified sand which is discharged from the drum.
Here, two drums are compared in order to understand the relationship between the capacity of the drum and the diameter of the outlet which is located at the rear end of the drum. Both drums have an equal length of 3.Om and an equal dia-me~er of 2.Sm. One drum has an outlet diameter of 1.7m while the other has an outlet diameter of l.Om. Due ot this stuctural difference, ,.
- 2a -the ~olume of ~uddy water which can be retained in the latter drum is 2.3 times greater than that of the former drum since the outlet diameter is smaller. ~his implies that if the aforementioned be}t conveyor is no longer required, a compact cla~si~ier which does not sacrifice the volume of sand discharged from the classifier can be constructed.
It i9 an object of the present invention to provide a drum-type classifier which has a cone-Qhaped discharge means that is formed as an integral part of the classifier and is employed for discharging the ola~sified product ~uch as sand rather than using the conventional belt conveyor. Since the discharge means is an integral part of the rotary drum, the clas~ified sand is smoothly discharged from the drum as the drum rotates.
In the case of the conventional classifier where the rotary drum and discharging means are independently operated, parts of the apparatus are always subject to severe frictional wear caused by sand, giving rise to variou~ mechanical failures or accidents, which are difficult problems and remain unsolved.
It is another ob~ect of this invention to provide a classifier which produce~ classi~ied sand with i~proved uni~ormity of classification set within certain limits as co~pared to the sand that is cla~sified by the con~entional classifier~. Due to the lowering of percentage of mud which remains in the clas~ified sand, sand with few mud components can be obtained which can be used to produce cement~ which have high rigidity.
It is ~till another ob~ect of this invention to provide a classifier which is capable of separating the mud from the larger sand componentQ and is further capable of classifying the mud into coarse mud which is discharged through the outlet, and fine mud which remains in the water and is discharged with it through the water discharge outlet.
``~ lOS9950 A further object of the present invention i9 to provide a drum-type classifier which has a settled ~and cleaning portion which is dispo~ed between settled sand di~charge mechanis~s whereby the apparatuB i8 capable of classifying as well as cleaning the sand by removing the mud component which exists in the classified sand.
~ still further object of the present invention is to provide a drum-type classifier which can be used as an apparatus for removing ~uspended matter from the waste liquid in such a way that the flocculated material obtained by flocculation of suspended matter in the wa~te liquid is discharged from the drum during the rotation of the drum.
The construction and operation o~ this invention, however, together with additional objects and advantages thereof, will be best understood from the following description of the specific embodiments when read in conjunction with the accompany-ing drawings.
Fig. 1 is a longitudinal front view showing a drum type sand classifier of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a rear transverse view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a front transverse view of the apparatus shown in Fig. 1.
Fig. ~ is a transverse cross-~ectional view of the apparatus of Fig. 1 taken along the line I-I.
Fig. 5 is a developed view of the drum of the apparatus of Fig. 1 showing the relationship of the helicoid blade3, paddles and the blockade pl~te~.
Fig. 6 i~ an expanded plan view o~ a portion of Fig. 5.
Fig. 7 iB a longitudinal ~ide view of a portion of Fig. 6.
Fig. 8 appearing on the same sheet as Fig. 4, is a schematic ~A ~4 -~` ' lOS99SO
view showing the direction of a falling particle in the muddy water.
Fig. 9 i9 a partial view of a feed pipc which has the rear portion made of expanded metal.
Fig. 10 is a longitudinal cro3s-sectional view showing a drum-type sand classifier of the second embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a drum-type sand ¢lassifier of the third embodiment of the present in~ention.
Fig. 12 appearing on the same sheet as Fig. 9, is a front view partially broken away of the classifier of the above en-bodiment.
Fig. 13 is a rear view partially broken away of the above classifier.
Fig. 14 is a schematic view showing a plurality of improved types of scooping paddles.
I Fig. 15 and Pig. 16 are pictorial views showing the portion where the helicoid blades and the scoopine paddles meet in the first or the second embodiments and also in the third embodiment.
Fig. 17 i9 a schematic view showing the scooping paddles oi~ the first and the second embodiments.
Fig. 18 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the modified form of the classifier of the third embodiment.
; Fig. 19 is a longitudinal cross sectional view of the classifier of the fourth and the fifth embodiments of the present invention.
Fig. 20 is an explanatory view showlng the flow of wàste water withln the drum of the classifier of the fourth embodiment.
Fig. 2i i~ a cro~s-sectional view of the classifier shown in Fig. 19 taken along line II-II.
Fig. 22 through Fig. 24 are schematical cross sectional `` 1059950 views of the classifier of the fourth embodiment showing the various type~ of helicoid blades a~tached to the inner ~urface of the drum.
In this embodiment, a rotary drum 1 encloses a feed pipe 2 ~hich i8 concentric within the drum. The pipe 2 ha3 an inlet 3 at the front end into which the muddy water is introduced and an outlet 4 at the rear end. ~he rear end portion of the pipe has a plural number of apertures 5 which may be provided, for example, by fabricating the rear end portion of an expanded metal mesh. The diameter of the pipe 2 gradually increases from the front end to the rear end. Purthermore the pipe 2 is supported by a plurality of frames 6 which extend radially from the outer sur$ace of the rear end of the pipe 2 with one end of the respectiYe frames 6 being secured to the rear of the pipe 2 and the other end of the respective frame~ 6 being secured to the upper portion of the respective helicoid blades 7. A plurality of helicoid blades 7 of the same pitch are fixedly secured to the entire inner surface of the drum at regular interval~ except at the rear end of the drum 1. A plurality of paddles 8 are radially disposed with their distal ends secured to the inner surface of the drum 1. Each paddle 8 has a number of apertures 9. A cone-shaped chute 10 is concentric with and located at the rear end of the drum 1; it i8 an integral part of the drum 1 with the base of the conical shape being secured to the circular plate t 1 which in turn has an inclined surface ~ecured to the sides of the paddles 8. A plurality of partitions 12 are fixedly mounted on the inclined face of the conical chute t 0. An adjustable circular plate 13 is removably mounted on the outer periphery of a circular plate 14 which has an inclined surface that i9 ~ecured to the sides of the paddles 8. ~ indicate3 an outlet from which classified sand is discharged. The discharged sand is cast into a discharge chute 15. Numeral 16 indicates a plurality of baffle plates which are disposed along the length of drum ~ at regular intervals. The outer portion of each : baffle plate 16 i9 attached to a helicoid blade 7 while the inner portion remain~ free and e~tends toward the central axis of the drum 1. A indicates an outlet through which the super-natant water is carried to a water discharge chute 17. The discharged supernatant water is delivered to a reservoir by a suitable means such as a pump (not shown in drawings). Numeral 18 indioates an adjustable circular plate which is removably mounted on the front of plate 19, the outer periphery of which in turn is secured to the frontmost edge of the drum 1.
With reference to Fig. 2, a plurality of teeth 20 are fixedly attached to the outer circumference at the midsection of the drum 1. An endless chain 21 i9 extended between the drum 1 and a first sprocket wheel 22 which i~ fixedly mounted on a shaft 23. Numeral 25 indicates an endless chain which is extended between the second sprocket wheel 24 and a third sprocket wheel 26 that i5 fixedly mounted on a shaft of a motor 27.
Numeral 28 indicates a base on which the above sprockets and the motor 27 are mounted. The drum 1 i8 rotatably supported by plural pairs of rollers 29. Each roller 29 is fixedly mounted on shafts 30 which have both ends journal mounted in bearings 31. Bearings 31 are fixedly mounted on a frame structure 32.
Referring to Figs. 3,5,6 and 7, a plurality of blockade plates 33 are shown which are disposed along the inner circumference of the drum at required longitudinal positions, wherein each plate 3~ is inserted between two helicoid blades 7 and has both sides secured to the side edge of the blades 7 by bolts 34. The height of the plates 33 is half that of the blades 7.
The manner in which the apparatus i~ operated i9 hereinafter described with reference to the individual operation of the parts of the apparatu~.
`` lOS9950 The muddy water which contains sand is continuously supplied to the front inlet 3 of the feed pipe 2 while the drum 1 i9 rotated by the motor 27. Since the feed pipe 2 has a diameter which gradually and continuously increa~es toward the rear end of the pipe 2 and also has numerous apertures 5 at the rear end of the pipe, the muddy water which i~ introduced into the pipe 2 passes through the apertures 5 and i~ dispersed downwardly into the drum 1. Some of the remaining flow of water may pa~s downward from the outlet 4 of the pipe. Therefore, the muddy water loses flow energy or velocity and no vortices occur at the point where the water leaves the feed pipe 2, which results in improvement of the classification. The muddy water is then forced to overflow the plurality of baffle plates 16 and move towards the water discharge outlet A located at the front end of the drum 1. During the above mentioned movement of the muddy water in the direction of the water discharge outlet A, sand particles which have a specific gravity that is greater than that of water settle onto the bottom of the drum 1, bumping into the baffle plates 16 and losing their flow energy. Then the settled sand is transferred by the rotation of the helicoid blades 7 to the rear end of the drum 1 where a plurality of paddles 8 are disposed. Each helicoid blade 7 has many apertures at the rear portion ~o that it can move smoothly without any flow resistance to the water. Furthermore, the movement of sand containing some settled mud towards the discharge outlet A i9 prevented by a number of blockade plates 33 and the blockaded 9and i8 moved along the inner surface of the drum 1 by the rota-tion of the drum 1. When the sand i9 transferred to the "top dead point" where it slides into the blockade plates 33, the Yand falls onto the upper portion of the feed pipe 2 and then is ~cattered into the water. The scattered sand or mud components move in one of the directions in the water as shown in Fig. 8 depending on the size and specific gravity of the sand, wherein a indicates a mud particles, b, a minute saMd particle, c, a coarse particle and F indicates the flow direction of the muddy supernatant water. By the repetition of the abo~e actions where the effect is proportional to the number of blockade plates 33 that are attached, the particle ~ize distribution of the classified sand i8 adjustable. Then, as the sand is moved along the inner surfa¢e of the drum 1 to~ards the upper portion due to the rota-tion of the drum 1, the water which is transported along with the sand i9 entirely eliminated through a number of apertures 9 in each padd~le 8. When the sand which is free of water is transferred to a location directly above the cone-shaped discharge means 10, the sand is cast onto the inclined sur$ace of the discharge mean~ 10.
Since a necessary number of partitions 12 are fi~edly secured to the inclin~d surface of the discharge means 10 slides along the inclined surface and i9 discharged $rom the discharge outlet B~
Meanwhile, the supernatant water, which i8 the remainder of the muddy water after the sand of the required size range has æettled onto the bottom of the drum 1, is caused to overflow from the discharge outlet A into the water discharge chute 17.
The water is then transferred to a reservoir by a suitable means such as a power-operated pump.
~ he second embodiment discloses a drum-type classifier which is characterized by having water separation paddles disposed coaxially one subsequent to the other at the sand dis-charge end of the drum. Although when producing sand, separation into uniform particle sizes i9 ne¢essary; decrea~ing the amount of mud remaining in the classified sand is also important in raising the quality of the sand since the above quantity of mud will in$1uence the strength of the concrete produced using the sand.
-- 9 ~
For the purpose of improving the abo~e quality, conventional claæsifiers have made various kinds ~f improvements in the water separation paddle3. However, ~ince the sand is scooped fro~ muddy water, the removal of the mud in the classified sand cannot be thoroughly achieved. It i9 especially difficult to decrease the quantity of mud in the final product when minute sand particles must be classified from very muddy water.
This embodiment has resolved the above problems by disposine the water separation paddle~ coaxially with one subsequent to the other. In short, the mud component contained in the cla~sified sand is drastically decreased by the combina-tion of the first ring of water separation paddles which ~coop the minute sand particles from water containing a relatively large quantity of mud and the second ring of separation paddles which are disposed subsequent to the above first separation paddle~ and which clean the classified sand with the water.
In this embodiment as shown in ~ig. 10, at the rear portion of a settled sand discharge mechanism C in the axial direction of the drum 1, another settled sand discharge mechanism C~ which has a similar construction to mechanism C is disposed coaxially with mechanism C, wherein numeral 14' indicates a ring-like weir plate. 8' indicates water ~eparation paddle~, numeral 10' indicates a cone-shaped chute, numeral 12' indicates partition plates, numeral 11' indicates a ring-like side plate and numeral 7' indicates helicoid spirals.
A clean water 8upply tube 35 i8 disposed within the settled sand discharge opening B' from the outside of the drum 1 such that clean water is supplied to the settled-sand cleaning portion F which i8 enclosed between the ring-like weir plates 14 and 14' and the inner peripheral wall of the rear portion of the drum 1 where the settled sand i~ cleaned.
lhe settled sand such as minute sand which is dischar~ed by the ~ettled ~and discharge mechani~m C still contains a sizeable quantity of mud since the water separation paddles 8 rotate in water which conta1n~ a great quantity of mud.
Due to the above mentioned construction, if this settled sand is charged into a settled sand cleaning portion F, which is enclosed by the ring-like weir plates 14 and 14' and the rear portion of the drum 1, the mud components which adhere to the minute sand particle~ are wa~hed away by the clean water which i~ charged through the clean water supply tube 35 and the clean settled sand is discharged from the outlet of the drum 1 by the settled product discharge mechanism C' which i8 similar in construction to mechanism C. Furthermore since the settled sand discharee openings B and B' of the ring-like weir plates 13 and 13^ have a smaller diameter than that of the supernatant water discharge opening A, muddy water with a smaller amount of mud is discharged into the 3ettled sand cleaning portion F 90 that the density of the mud component of the water is maintained at a very low level whereby the quantity of mud contained in the classified minute sand, is lowered to the extremely low percentage of less than one per cent. Meanwhile the supernatant water which contains the mud component is discharged from the drum 1 through the æupernatant water discharge opening A of the ring-like weir plate 19.
In this embodiment, the inventor describe3 a classifier which i9 capable of cla~sifying as well as cleaning the ~and by removing the mud component which e%ists in the classified sand.
However, it should be noted that the apparatus of this embodiment is also applicable for use in classifying components which are settlable and are contained in other kinds of liquids.
As has been described heretofore, since the cleaning of classified sand is conducted simultaneously with the cla3sify-ing operation, it is unnecessary to spend extra ti~e cleaning the classified sand and the quality of the settled product i9 improved.
Thi~ embodiment discloses a rotary-type classifier whose primary purpose is to improve the quality of the clas~ified ~ettled sand and is characterized by having an improved type of water separation paddles. ~he inventor has disclosed rotary-type classifiers with great practical merit heretofore. However, referring to the above classifiers as shown in ~ig. 16 and Fig.
17, at the ~ettled sand discharge end of the drum body a', a plurality of water-separation or scooping paddles b', each of which has a multiplicity of apertures formed therein is radially secured to the inner periphery of the drum 1 in an axial direc-tion. ~here~ore, the portion or point where the discharge end of the helicoid blade d~ and the scooping plate b' meet, forms a considerably acute angle. This implies that the settled sand e' which is transferred to the settled sand discharge end by a plurality of helicoid blades te~ds to accumulate at the deflected or bent portions while a "dam" is formed between the accumulated settled sand e' and the ring-like weir plate f' is for discharging the settled product. A multiplicity of aperture~ that are formed in each scooping plate, can not separate the water sati~factorily due to the restriction on the size and number of apertures, there-fore the discharged sand ~till contains a considerable amount of water.
Generally ~peaking, the cleaning operation is conducted after the classification of the settled sand when the settled sand contain~a great amount of impurities.
This embodiment provides a rotary-type classifier which can produce a classified product of improved quality by efficient-ly separating out the water without necessitating the abovecleaning operation. The classifying and cleaning operation3 are simultaneously conducted as desired, corresponding to the ~uantity of impurities relative to the liquid to be treated.
~he apparatus of this embodiment is hereinafter described in great detail in conjunction with the attached drawings except for the means which are described in the previous embodiments.
In this embodiment, D indicates a dam formed by the cylindrical drum 1 and the two end weir plates. lhe ring-like weir plate 19 located at the front end of the drum 1 has a circular opening A greater than the opening B of the rear ring-like weir plate 14 so tha-t the supernatant water will overflow through the opening A.
With respect to the ~cooping paddles 8 which form the essential part of this embodiment, the peripheral portion 8a of the above scooping paddle 8 has a height equal to the height of the adjoining helicoid blade 7 and i3 also deflected at a desired angle from the axial direction of the drum.
Due to the above construction of the helicoid blades as shown in Figure 15, the angle formed by a helicoid blade 7 and the peripheral portion 8a of the scooping paddle 8 is approximately 180 90 that the settled product E which i9 transferred from the helicoid blade 7 does not accumulate at the deflected area but accumulates at the deepe~t corner area formed by the scooping paddle, drum 1 and the weir plate 4. In other words, the 90 called "dam" which appears between the ring-like weir plate 14 and the accumulated settled product in conventional apparatuses is not formed 90 that the water separation is effectively conducted a~ the accumulated settled product i~ lifted up by the peripheral portion 8a of the individual scooping paddle 8 which utilizes the above-mentioned water separation apertures 13.
Furthermore it is desirable that the peripheral portion 8a of the scooping paddle be nearly sevcred from the inner portion 8b thereof as shown in Fig 14 and that the triangular 105~950 opening 8c i9 formed by disposing the inner portion 8b slightly behin~ the peripheral portion 8a relative to the rotation of the drum 1. The above mentioned con~truction of the soooping paddle relative to the helicoid blade can be formed by twisting the scooping plate.
The triangular cut 8c acts as an opening through which the water pas~es 80 that the energy required to rotate the drum is decrea~ed as the settled product is elevated.
Fig. 18 describes the clas~ifying apparatus with two settled product di~charge mechanisms which are sequentially disposed in parallel and perpendicular to the axial direction at the rear of the drum. Each mechani6m comprises a plurality of scooping paddles with apertures therein.
In the above construction, the central openings B, B' of the ring-like weir plates 14, 14' have diameters Y, Y' which are smaller than the diameter X of the opening A of the ring-like weir plate 19. The above diameter Y' i3 smaller than the diameter Y although the diameter Y' can be the same as the diameter Y in some case.
Furthermore, as mentioned above, the helicoid blades 7' can be employed between the discharge mechanisms C and C' ~o that the settled product di~charged by the settled sand discharge mechanism C is transferred to the next settled-product discharge mechanism C'.
In addition, the clea~ water supply tube 35 is disposed through the opening B' of the final ring-like weir plate.
Accordingly, the ¢lean water discharged from the supply tube 35 is charged between the above-mentioned settled product discharge mechani~ms C, C', thus forming a cleaning chamber F.
Due to the above-mentioned settled product discharge mechanisms C and C', the settled product discharged by the ~A
~os99so helicoid blades 7 i8 subject to a circular rotation operation which consists of scooping up the sand, separating the water from the sand and discharging the sand by gravity coupled with the water separation effects of scooping paddles 8 and 8' so that the product finally discharged from the drum is almo~t entirely free from impurities such as mud and shows a greatly improved quality.
As has been described heretofore, the apparatus of this embodiment can achieve total water separation when the settled product is scooped up by the scooping plates.
This embodiment discloses a drum-type classifier which i9 characterized by a water-flow regulating structure which prevents the agitation of the settled product between the helicoid blades that is caused by water energy at the point where water fall~ into the drum.
The rotary-type drum classifier employ 8 a classifying method whereby the settled product is separated from the raw or waste liquid by specific gravity of the product so that the dam of waste water which is formed within the drum remains as calm as possible.
However it is hardly possible to obtain calmness at the point where the water continuously falls into the drum, so that heretofore, in order to weaken or disperse the flow energy at the above point, several methods including one which adopt~
a screen at the outlet portion of the feed pipe, have been diæclosed.
~ owe~er, the above methods are less efficient once the product which is settled between each two helicoid blades is agitated by the water energy caused by the rotation of the drum in order to transfer the settled product to the rear of the drum. The above phenomenon occurs especially when classifying mud composed of extremely minute particles, which range downward ~ os99so in size 200 ~. The above classifying cannot be conducted sati~factorily by conventional methods.
The manner in which is operated the apparatus of this embodiment which has resolved the above problem is herein-after explained in conjunction with the drawing of ~ig. 19 and 20 wherein the apparatus is characterized by having a circular cov~ring plate 36 which i8 disposed within the dru~ 1 such that the co~ering plate 36 covers the rear of the helicoid blades 7.
~ hen waste water is continuously fed into the 310wly rotating drum 1 by way of the waste water introduction pipe 2a, the waste water falls into the drum 1 from the outlet of the feed pipe 2 and forms a dam which has the cross-section of a segment of a circle.
The waste water whi¢h is charged into the drum ~ first - hits the side separation plate 11 which is disposed at the rear of the feed pipe 2 and flows in the drum loses its flow energy by hitting ring-like baffle plates 16.
Since vortices are formed at the point just below the outlet of the feed pipe 2 due to the falling of the waste water, this embodiment has the circular covering plate 36 secured to the outer periphery of the side plate 11 ~uch that the covering plate 36 cover~ the rear portions of the helicoid blades 7 for the purpose of changing the flow direction of the wa~te water to a horizontal direction at this point.
Since classifiers described heretofore do not ha~e the circular co~ering plate 36, the waste water which falls into the drum from the outlet of the feed pipe 2 flows into the place~
between the helicoid blades 7 at a location below the outlet of the feed pipe 2 a~ shown in the dotted line and thereby causes the ~ortices.
Accordingly, the smaller the particle size of the product which settle~ between each two helicoid blade becomes, A 16 _ ~ 59 9 50 the greater the ~ettled product is agitated. ~herefore, the settled product i~ not tran~ferred toward the scooping paddles 8 which results in the ~upernatant water containing the abo~e whirled once-settled product.
In thiæ embodiment, as has been described above, by employing the circular covering plate 36 which covers the helicoid blades 7 at the above-mentioned location, the flow direotion can be changed so that the occurence of vortice~
between the helicoid blades 7 can be pre~ented or regulated.
It is to be noted, however, that there mu~t be enough space between the circular covering plate 36 and the ring-like baffle plates 16 where the wa~te water i5 first 80 that the settled product doe~ not accumulate on the inner wall of the circular covering plate 36.
In this manner the minute particle~ contained in the waste water generally settle onto the~bottom of the drum 1 between the helicoid blades 7 at a location far from the outlet of the feed pipe 2, namely, the point close~t to the supernatant water discharge A where the dam, formed by the waste water is the most stable. After settling, the particles are transferred along the helicoid blade~ 7 toward the rear of the drum 1 by the rotation of the drum 1 as shown in ~ig. 19 and reach a loca-tion just below the outlet of the feed pipe 2.
Since the water energy of the falling waste water does not affect the water between the heIicoid blades which are covered by the co~ering plate 36, the settled minute particles are not affected by the energy and pass below the circular covering plate 36 and are smoothly charged into the scooping paddle3 8 which are radial~y disposed subsequent to the helicoid blades 7. ~he thusly transferred particles are then raised upward by the ~cooping paddle~ while being ~eparated from the water by the rotation of the drum and are di~charged downward onto the cone-shaped chute 10 which is disposed in the center of the plurality of scooping paddles 8 and the particles out of the drum 1 ~ ig. 19 shows the apparatus of this embodiment most precisely wherein the rear of the feed pipe 2 is integrally attached to the back of the cone-shaped chute 10 and a desired number of side openings 37 are formed in the rear of the feed pipe 2.
~ urthermore the apparatus as shown in Fig. 19 has a drum which is proportionally shorter in length relative to the diameter when compared to conventional apparatuses, but the volume of water contained in the drum 1 is kept the same. There-fore, the dam formed in the drum can have a greater depth thaa that of conventional apparatu~es. ~he greater depth of the dam coupled with the effect caused by the circular covering plate, prevents the a~itation of the settled product as much as possible so that the classifying efficiency of the apparatus is greatly improved.
This embodiment discloses a rotary-type classifier which is most suitable for separating and discharging flocculated material obtained by flocculating suspended matter in waste water, ~ he inventor has already disclosed a rotary-type classifier for classifying sand and the like in the foregoing embodiments. However, when the classifier is directly applied to the disposal of waste water which may contain suspended matter it does not work well due to its construction. It is because the flocculated material which i9 produced as coloidal particles by adding a high molecular weight coagulant to the waste water have a lower specific gravity compared to sand so that even when they are settled between the helicoid blades which are fi~edly secured to the inner peripheral surface of _ 18 -the dru~, the settled flocculated product is dispersed into the waste water again by the rotation of the drum and can not be smoothly transferred to the discharge end of the drum.
In this embodiment as shown in Fig. 19 through Fig. 24, numeral 38 indicates a space confined by the helicoid blades which are formed to serve the complete transferring of the settled flocculated material from the drum and G indicates flocculated material or particles.
In Fig. 22 through 24, helicoid blades with vari OU9 types of cross-sections are shown.
The manner in which tha apparatus of this embodiment i8 operated is hereinafter disclosed.
First, the waste water i9 charged into the drum 1 through the waste water introduction pipe 2a and the inversely tapered feed pipe 2. Thehigh-molecular weight coagulants can be added either before or after the waste water is charged into the drum 1 to form the flocculated material. The waste water which is then charged into the drum 1 forms the dam within the drum which has the cross-section of a segment of a circle. The waste water in the drum is transferred toward the supernatant water discharge opening A. In the above flow of the water, the flocculated material suspended in the waste water is caused to settle downward by the action of the ring-like baffle plates 16 and settles into the areas between each two helicoid blades 7. The helicoid blades 7 which are an integral part of the drum rotate in the direction of the arrow as shown in Fig. 21.
Since the space 38 between each two helicoid blades 7 has a narrowed opening directed in the rotating direction of the drum 1, the flocculated particles G which settle between each two helicoid blades 7 do not escape from the narrowed opening due to the configuration of the helicoid blades 7 even though they may be displaced from (p) to (q) within the space a~ the drum i8 rotated.
In this manner the flocculated material which is confined to the ~pace i9 smoothly transferred along the ~urfaces of the helicoid blades 7 toward the rear of the drum 1 and subsequ~ntly is charged onto the scooping paddles 8 which are radially disposed at the rear of the drum 1. The flocculated material is then raised upward by the scooping paddle~ correspond-ing to the rotation of the drum 1 80 that the water i8 ~eparated from the scooped flocculated material and the material slides forward onto the paddle~, then onto the cone-shaped chute 10 which eventually di~chargea the flocculated material through the settled product discharge opening B. The supernatant water which is free from the above flocculated material i9 di~charged from the supernatant water discharge opening A.
As has been described heretofore according to this invention, since the heli¢oid blades 7 are shaped and secured to the inner peripheral surface of the drum in such a way that the space 38 between each two helicoid blades 7 has a narrowed upper opening in a direction which corresponds to the rotating direction of the drum 1, even the settled product of a low specific gravity such a~ a flocculated product can be smoothly tra~sferred whereby the removal of flocculated material can be achieved.
According to this invention, the apparatus is characterized by the following itemized advantages:
1) The sand which i8 contained in the muddy water is to some extent forcibly caused to settle onto the bottom of the drum 1 by employing a number of heliooid blades 7; therefore, the volume of minute sand particles which overflow with the supernatant water can be limited to as small an amount as possible, resulting in remarkable classification efficiency.
2) Since the feed pipe 2 is constructed as an integral ~A
part of the rotary drum 1 and, therefore, rotates with the drum 1, the sand is uniformly distributed over the entire inner sur~ace of the drum 1 so that wear also occur~ evenly on the entire surface of the drum 1 rather than on certain portions only, which enables the apparatus to withstand long use.
3) Since the feed pipe 2 has a dia~eter which gradually increases toward the rear end and has a number of apertures 5 at the rear end, the muddy water charged into the pipe 2 passes through the apertures 5 and i8 dispersed into the drum 1. There-fore, the muddy water loses its flow energy or speed and thereis no occurrence of vorteces at the place where the muddy water drops into the drum 1.
4) Each helicoid blade 7 has a number of apertures at the rear portion, so that the blade can be rotated using less power since the blade incurs less resistance to the flow of the muddy water.
5) The attachment of a plurality of ba~fle plates 16 to the helicoid blades 7 enables the positive agitation of the muddy water by which the sand is forcibly classified and alsP
assures improvement of the settling efficiency of the sand by lessening the flow speed of the muddy water.
assures improvement of the settling efficiency of the sand by lessening the flow speed of the muddy water.
6) In the muddy water which is introduced into the drum 1, the coarse sand easily settles to the bottom of the drum 1 as soon as the muddy water drops into the drum 1 from the feed pipe 2 and is transferred to the discharge outlet B.
The minute or fine sand, which, unlike the coarse sand, does not settle instantly qtrikes the paddle plates 15 as it moves in the muddy water towards the water discharge outlet A, whereby the fine sand is also urged to settle on the bottom of the drum 1.
The minute or fine sand, which, unlike the coarse sand, does not settle instantly qtrikes the paddle plates 15 as it moves in the muddy water towards the water discharge outlet A, whereby the fine sand is also urged to settle on the bottom of the drum 1.
7) The smooth and natural movement of the settled sand is assured since the sand which has settled onto the bottom of - 21 _ the drum 1 is transferred in the direction of the discharge outlet B simply by the rotation of the drum.
8) ~he product (the cla~sified sand) is automatically discharged from the drum 1 by the simple rotation of the drum 1.
9) Since there are no driving means such as shafts or bearing nor any mean~ for conveying sand within the rotary drum 1, all of which are ll-affected by water, mechanical failures are completely eliminated.
10) Since in the apparatus of this invention it is unnecessary to employ a belt conveyor at the discharging outlet A, the diameters of these two outlets A and B are both made as small as possible, whereby the amount of settled sand in the drum 1 of this invention can be more than twice that in the conventional apparatus, which results in an improvement in the classifying performance of the apparatus.
11) The location and number of rows of blockade plates 33 can be varied to correspond to the amount of raw material to be introduced, i.e., the capability of the apparatus to classify sand in a much wider range of size~ is made possible.
12) Since the mud component that adheres to the sand particles is removed by the agitation which is caused by a plurality of blockade plates 3~, the degree of uniformity, set within certain limits, of the classified sand is remarkably increased.
13) ~he particle size distribution of the product, the classified sand, is adju~table by way of increasing or decreasing the number of blockade plates 33.
14) If desired, a plurality of discharging means will be employed at the rear of the drum 90 that the cleaning of classified ~and is conducted simultaneously with the classifying operation.
15) If desired, the helicoid blades are secured to the inner wall of the drum such that the space between each two helicoid blades has the narrowed opening directed toward the rotating direction of the drum whereby the settled product of a low specific gravity such as a fl~.cculated material can be removed.
Claims (12)
1. A wet-type classifier comprising:
(1) a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, (2) a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into said drum, said feeding means being enclosed by said drum, disposed concentrically within said drum and attached to said drum for rotation with said drum, said feeding means having an in-let opening adjacent to the front outlet of said drum and an out-let opening adjacent to the rear outlet of said drum, (3) a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in said muddy water to settle onto the bottom of said drum and transferring said settled sand towards the rear end of said drum, said classifying means fixedly secured to the interior surface of said drum and covering substantially the entire length of said drum, (4) a discharging means fixedly secured to the rear end of said drum for expelling said transferred sand from the rear outlet of said drum comprising a plurality of paddles fixed to the interior of said drum, said each paddle having apertures for sepa-rating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier,said discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and a cone-shaped member fixed to the inner ends of paddles for discharging said water-separated sand from said drum, said cone-shaped member having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of said plurality of paddles, whereby subs-tantially water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rotation of said drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to the friction from the sand.
(1) a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, (2) a feeding means for feeding muddy water containing sand into said drum, said feeding means being enclosed by said drum, disposed concentrically within said drum and attached to said drum for rotation with said drum, said feeding means having an in-let opening adjacent to the front outlet of said drum and an out-let opening adjacent to the rear outlet of said drum, (3) a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in said muddy water to settle onto the bottom of said drum and transferring said settled sand towards the rear end of said drum, said classifying means fixedly secured to the interior surface of said drum and covering substantially the entire length of said drum, (4) a discharging means fixedly secured to the rear end of said drum for expelling said transferred sand from the rear outlet of said drum comprising a plurality of paddles fixed to the interior of said drum, said each paddle having apertures for sepa-rating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier,said discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and a cone-shaped member fixed to the inner ends of paddles for discharging said water-separated sand from said drum, said cone-shaped member having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of said plurality of paddles, whereby subs-tantially water-free classified sand of a desired size range is produced by the rotation of said drum with minimum wear on the classifier due to the friction from the sand.
2. A wet-type classifier according to claim 1, where-in said cone-shaped member has a plurality of partitions fixedly secured to said inclined surface.
3. A wet-type classifier according to claim 1, wherein said feeding means comprises a feed pipe which extends from the front end to the rear end of the drum and which has a diameter that gradually and continuously increases toward the rear end and which also has a number of apertures located at the rear end.
4. A wet-type classifier according to claim 3, wherein the rear end of said pipe is made of expanded metal mesh, the mesh providing the apertures which reduce the flow energy of introduced muddy water.
5. A wet-type classifier according to claim 1, wherein said classifying means comprises a plurality of helicoidal blades of the same pitch which are fixedly secured to the inner wall of said drum at regular intervals, said helicoidal blades being of a height which gradually increases toward the rear end of said drum.
6. A wet-type classifier according to claim 5, wherein said classifying means further comprises a plurality of circular baffle plates secured to the respective inner sides of said helicoidal blades.
7. A wet-type classifier according to claim 6, wherein said classifying means further comprises a plurality of blockade plates, each of said blockade plates being removably mounted between every two of said helicoidal blades.
8. A wet-type classifier according to claim 5, wherein said helicoidal blades are disposed such that a space formed by each two helicoidal blades has a narrowing opening directed in the rotating direction of said drum whereby floccu-lated material which is settled into said space can be trans-ferred along said helicoid blades without escaping.
9. A wet-type classifier according to claim 5, wherein the rear of said helicoidal blade and the peripheral portion of said paddle form an angle of approximately 180° at a deflected portion whereby the settled sand which is trans-ferred from said helicoidal blade does not accumulate at the deflected portion resulting in the smooth water separation.
10. A wet-type classifier according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus further comprises a circular side separation plate which is substantially disposed normal to the drum axis and connects the upstream sides of said paddles and a circular ring-like covering plate of a desired width which has the downstream circular periphery thereof secured to the outer circular periphery of said side separation plate coaxially, said covering plate covering the rear end of said helicoidal blades whereby the muddy water between said helicoidal blades at the rear of said drum is not agitated by the falling of the waste water into said drum through said feeding means.
11. A wet-type classifier comprising:
(1) a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, (2) a feeding means for feeding muddy water con-taining sand into said drum, said feeding means being enclosed by said drum, disposed concentrically within said drum and attached to said drum for rotation with said drum, (3) a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in said muddy water to settle onto the bottom of said drum and transferring said settled sand towards the rear of said drum, said classifying means being disposed on the interior surface of said drum, covering the entire length of said drum, (4) a plurality of discharging means for expelling said transferred sand from the rear outlet of said drum being disposed in parallel and coaxially at the rear of said drum forming a settled sand cleaning portion between each two discharging means, each discharging means comprising a plurality of paddles having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier, said discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and attached equidistantly and radially to said drum for rota-tion with said drum and a cone-shaped member for discharging said water-separated sand from said drum having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of said plurality of paddles, whereby the classified sand is cleaned by water to a desired degree corresponding to the number of discharging means.
(1) a rotary drum which has a front outlet at its front end and a rear outlet at its rear end, (2) a feeding means for feeding muddy water con-taining sand into said drum, said feeding means being enclosed by said drum, disposed concentrically within said drum and attached to said drum for rotation with said drum, (3) a classifying means for causing sand which is contained in said muddy water to settle onto the bottom of said drum and transferring said settled sand towards the rear of said drum, said classifying means being disposed on the interior surface of said drum, covering the entire length of said drum, (4) a plurality of discharging means for expelling said transferred sand from the rear outlet of said drum being disposed in parallel and coaxially at the rear of said drum forming a settled sand cleaning portion between each two discharging means, each discharging means comprising a plurality of paddles having apertures for separating the water from the sand before the sand is discharged from the classifier, said discharging means being disposed at the rear end of said drum and attached equidistantly and radially to said drum for rota-tion with said drum and a cone-shaped member for discharging said water-separated sand from said drum having an exterior inclined surface and disposed at the center of said plurality of paddles, whereby the classified sand is cleaned by water to a desired degree corresponding to the number of discharging means.
12. A wet-type classifier according to claim 11, wherein said cone-shaped member has a plurality of partitions fixedly secured to said inclined surface.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP15446875A JPS5278162A (en) | 1975-12-23 | 1975-12-23 | Classifier of drum type |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1059950A true CA1059950A (en) | 1979-08-07 |
Family
ID=15584896
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA255,387A Expired CA1059950A (en) | 1975-12-23 | 1976-06-22 | Water suspension and screening type classifier |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5278162A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1059950A (en) |
| CH (1) | CH596887A5 (en) |
| PH (1) | PH16007A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE7606551L (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5584558A (en) * | 1978-12-21 | 1980-06-25 | Toyo Seisakusho:Kk | Conical type sand classifier |
| US4267980A (en) * | 1979-11-26 | 1981-05-19 | Cal West Metals | Separator |
-
1975
- 1975-12-23 JP JP15446875A patent/JPS5278162A/en active Granted
-
1976
- 1976-06-10 SE SE7606551A patent/SE7606551L/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1976-06-17 PH PH18579A patent/PH16007A/en unknown
- 1976-06-22 CA CA255,387A patent/CA1059950A/en not_active Expired
- 1976-06-24 CH CH807976A patent/CH596887A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5278162A (en) | 1977-07-01 |
| SE7606551L (en) | 1977-06-24 |
| PH16007A (en) | 1983-05-20 |
| JPS551828B2 (en) | 1980-01-17 |
| CH596887A5 (en) | 1978-03-31 |
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