CA1051853A

CA1051853A - Pipe hanger for use in masonry wall

Info

Publication number: CA1051853A
Application number: CA264,289A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Albert Frischmann; Rainer Hermeneit; Rudolf Koniger; Fritz Wagner
Original assignee: Upat Max Langensiepen KG
Current assignee: Upat Max Langensiepen KG
Priority date: 1975-10-28
Filing date: 1976-10-27
Publication date: 1979-04-03
Also published as: FR2329885B3; CH606832A5; FR2329885A1; DE2548150A1; SE7611040L

Abstract

ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A pipe hanger adapted to be mounted in a bore in a mass of hard material has an elongated sleeve formed with a longitudinal throughgoing split and provided integrally at one end with a mounting tab formed with a transversely throughgoing hole. The tab and sleeve are integrally formed of elastically deformable material and the tab lies in a plane perpendicular to the split in the sleeve and lying on the longitudinal axis of the sleeve.
This element may be driven into a bore formed in a masonry wall by striking on the outer edge of the tab, and then a pipe or the like may be hung from the throughgoing hole in this tab.

Description

1051~353 This invention relates to an anchor for mounting in a hole in a wall of concrete or the like. More particularly, this invention concerns a pipe hanger.
An anchor is known, hereinafter termed a pipe hanger, which is used to mount heavy objects on concrete or similarly hard supports. For hanging pipes it is common to drill a hole of predetermined bore in the wall or ceiling and to fit such a pipe hanger into the hole. A lug or tab on the anchor is provided with a throughgoing hole. When installed this tab projects completely from the surface into which the hole has been drilled and the hole in the tab or lug can be secured via an S-hook~ chain or the like to the pipe or other object being supported by the hanger.
The best known type of pipe hanger has an expansion sleeve which is fitted into the hole. Thereafter a tongue formed unitarily with and projecting from the above-mentioned lug is fitted into this hole and the lug is hammered on so as to drive this tongue into the sleeve. The two elements are dimension-ed so that as the tongue is driven in the sleeve expands, pressing tightly radially against the inside of ~he hole, so that the sleeve and lug together are tightly mounted in the mass of concrete or the like.
Such an arrangement has several disadvantages. First of all, anything mounted in the hole invariably applies to the flat lug a component of force which is generally perpendicular to the plane of this lug and the tongue extend-ing therefrom. Since this element is weakest in this direction it can lead to premature metal fatigue and failure of the hanger.
Furthermore, such a device has several parts so that its manufacturing cost is increased and it is harder to use. In addition the two metal parts very frequently, especially when mounted in a rather tight hole, deform each other so that a relatively loose fit of the tongue of the tab in the sleeve is obtained. Thus holding power is decreased.
It is an object of the present invention to provide an improved mounting element or pipe hanger, which can be produced at low cost and in-stalled with relative ease, and yet has superior holding power in a wall of concrete or similar material.
The present invention provides a hanger insertable into a hole of a sUppoTt~ particularly for mounting of pipes, comprising an elongated sleeve having a longitudinal axis and a longitudinal throughgoing slot, said sleeve being resiliently yieldable in a direction transverse to the direction of elongation thereof and having in undeformed condition a dimension in said transverse direction which exceeds a corresponding dimension of the hole in the support; and a mounting tab integral with a trailing end of said sleeve and located in a central longitudinal plane of the latter, said tab being formed with a throughgoing hole symmetrical with reference to another central plane of said sleeve which is normal to the first-mentioned plane and having an axis which lies on an extension of said longitudinal axis of said sleeve.
The entire hanger is made of elastically deformable material, pre-ferably spring steel, and is a single integral piece. Thus in use it need merely be hammered into a bore which is slightly smaller in diameter than the sleeve.
According to further preferred features of this invention the tab or lug is generally planar, lying on the axis and extending generally perpendicular to the split in the sleeve. This lug has an arcuate side turned away from the sleeve so that when hammered on the force is automatically directed into the sleeve so as to drive it straight into the hole in which the hanger is being mounted.
It has been found that in spite of this extremely simple and inex-pensive construction such an arrangement when properly used and of a length of approximately 10 cm can withstand pulling forces in the neighborhood of 800 kg-force. Such an arrangement can also be driven one-handed, the user merely pressing it into the hole, then hammering on its projecting end with a suitable tool so as to set it securely. Since the point at which force will be applied lies substantially in the middle, at the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, it is unlikely that metal fatigue and overloading of the device will set in pre-~ -2-~LOS1853 maturely. Furthermore the likelihood of damage to the edge of the mounting hole by local overloading is ruled out.
The system according to the present invention is able to withstand considerable forces directed away from the surface at which the mouth of the -2a-bore in which the sleeve is driven opens. Furthermore, it is possible to drive such a one-piece hanger or anchor into a relatively irregular hole. Most prior art devices required a relatively closely calibrated hole, which is very difficult to form in masonry or the like.
In accordance with further preferred features of this invention the sleeve may be formed with at least one region of great diameter and at least another region of relatively small diameter. This formation gives excellent holding power. Furthermore, the one end or tip of the sleeve at least is of a diameter smaller than the diameter of the bore into which this end of the sleeve is inserted. Thus it is a relatively simple matter to fit this narrow end of the sleeve into the bore with one hand and then hammer the sleeve in.
According to yet another preferred feature of this invention the sleeve may be formed with a second such slot that does not extend the full longitudinal length of the sleeve, but only a portion of this length. Such a slot may be relatively short and open at the end of the sleeve, once again for facilitating the starting insertion of the sleeve.
The sleeve according to this invention may be U-section or of general-ly circular section. It may be provided with a succession of regions of alter-nating greater and lesser diameter and the longitudinal slot through the sleeve may be virtually closed at the regions of smallest diameter. Furthermore it is another preferred feature of this invention that at least the portions of greatest diameter of the sleeve are roughened for best frictional contact of the sleeve with the inner wall of the bore once it has been driven into the bore.
The entire sleeve may be made of spring steel. It can be heat-treated for maximum springiness and strength. Such an item can be produced at relative-ly low cost.
The novel features which are considered as characteristic for the invention are set forth in particular in the appended claims. The invention 1~51853 itself, however, both as to its construction and its method of operation, together with additional objects and advantages thereof will be best understood from the following description of specific embodiments when read in connection with the accompanying drawings.
In the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 are side perspective views of pipe hangers according to this invention;
Figure 3 is a side view of a detail of a variant on the hangers of Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a detail of another variant of the hangers of Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 5 is a side view of yet another variation on the hangers of Figures 1 and 2;
Figure 6 is a perspective view of yet another hanger according to this invention;
FiBre 7 is an end view of the hanger of Figure 6.;
Figure 8 is a perspective view of yet another hanger in accordance with this invention;
Figure 9 is a cross-section through the hanger of Figure 8;
Figure 10 is a sectional view showing how the sleeve of the hanger according to this invention engages in a bore formed in a hard mass;
Figure 11 is an end view of the sleeve of another hanger in accordance with this invention;
Figure 12 is a view similar to Figure 10 illustrating how a sleeve of another hanger in accordance with this invention bears against the inside wall of a bore in a hard mass;
Figure 13 is a perspective side view showing a further embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is a sectional view showing the sleeve of yet another anchor according to this invention; and Figure 15 is a detail view of the sleeve part of yet another anchor in accordance with this invention.
In all of the figures the same reference numerals are used for functionally identical structure, and the various features of the various embodiments can be combined with each other in any manner without departing from the scope of this invention.
The hanger 1 shown in Figure 1 is generally formed of a split sleeve

2 and integral therewith a connection tab or lug 3. The longitudinal central æ is of the sleeve 2 passes through the center of the tab or lug 3 so that it can exert on the sleeve 3 a force which is evenly distributed around its cir-cumference. The sleeve 2 has a longitudinal split 4 which is circumferentially sufficiently wide that the sleeve 2 can be compressed somewhat without the two edges 14 of this split striking each other and preventing further radial com-pression. The entire element 1 is made of a single piece of hardened and tempered spring steel.
It is possible as shown in Figure 3 to provide means 5 aiding inser-tion such as a chamfer 7 formed at the end 6 of the sleeve 2. Furthermore, it is possible as shown in Figure 5 to form a short slot 8 which opens a* the end 6 in order further to facilitate radial compression of this end 6.
As shown in Figure 1 the tab or lug 3 has a side 9 formed as a circularly arcuate edge 10. In addition the tab 3 is formed at its center on the axis of the sleeve 2 with a round throughgoing hole 11. The circularly arcuate shape 10 insures that a hammer blow to this side 9 will, even if the blow is not directly in line with the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 2, have a component of force along this axis as the center of curvature of the edge 10 lies on the axis of the sleeve 2.
Instead of the circular hole 11 shown in Figure 1, it is possible~
as shown in Figure 2, to provide an elongated hole 12 perpendicular to the sleeve 2 and formed with a central rounded part. Such holes 11 and 12 serve for the securing of a pipe-mounting bracket or the like to the anchor 1.
Figure 7 shows how the sleeves of the arrangements of Figures 1 - 3 are generally circular having an outer diameter D. It is also possible, as shown in Figures 8 and 9, to form the sleeve 2 of U-section.
Figure 4 shows how, instead of a smooth outer surface 14 as shown in Figure 1~ it is possible to form a series of ridges 18 on the outer surface of the sleeve 2; these ridges 18 decreasing in size toward the end 6 and being generally sawtooth-shaped, with the perpendicular flank toward the tab 3.

In Figure 1 the edges 14 of the split 4 are smooth, but in Figure 8 the sides 16 of the U-section shank 2 have serrated edges 15 with teeth 17.

Such teeth 17 may also be provided on a round-section shank 2 as shown in Figure 6.
The anchor or pipe hanger according to this invention may be approxi-mately 6 cm long and the dimension D may be approximately 1.0 cm. Such a hanger is normally mounted in a hole having a diameter at most of o.8 D, therefore of 8 mm.
Figure 10 shows how a sleeve is mounted in a bore 30 formed in a mass 31 of concrete. Since the sleeve is split it will bear in the direction of arrows A, B, and C on the concrete, not engaging the concrete effectively in the regions 2a at the regions 30a of the wall of the bore 30. The outer surface of the sleeve 2 may be formed as shown in Figure 11 with longitudinal ridges and valleys 32 in order to increase the holding power.
It is also possible as shown in Figure 12 to form a split 32 in the sleeve 2 so as to subdivide it into two regions 2b and 2c which engage snugly against the inner surface 30a of the bore 30. A plurality of such slits 33 may be provided in order to divide the element into several segments.

In Figure 13 the split 4 is virtually closed at the tapered end region 52 of the sleeve 1 and at the very end 40 of the sleeve 2 it has a diameter d = .7 times the diameter of a hole 30 into which this anchor would be inserted. Furthermore Figure 13 shows how a region 51 of the sleeve 2 is formed with surface roughenings 50 that further increase the hold such an anchor will have in a wall of masonry material.
Figure 14 shows how the sleeve can be formed with a barrel-shaped bulged region 41 having a roughened region 53. This region 41 greatly increases the hold of the anchor in a bore having diameter DB formed in a wall W. In this arrangement the diameter DB is equal to .8 D. Furthermore, the diameter d is equal to 0.7 D and the diameter Dl at the bulge 51 is equal to between 1.2 D and 1.1 D. The element 54 shown here can also be driven completely one-handedly, as the relatively small tip 40 can easily be lodged in the hole 30.
Finally, Figure 15 shows a pipe hanger having a sleeve 43 formedwith regions 42 of diameter D3 in regions 44 of the diameter D4. The regions 42 are abraded as shown at 53 and 50 and described with reference to Figure 13.
Here the diameter D3 is equal to between 1.2 and 1.1 D and the smaller diameter D4 is equal to between 0.7 D and 0.8 D.
It will be understood that each of the elements described above, or two or more together, may also find a useful application in other types of structure differing from the types described above.
While the invention has been illustrated and described as embodied in a pipe hanger, it is not intended to be limited to the details shown, since various modifications and structural changes may be made without departing in any way from the spirit of the present invention.
Without further analysis, the foregoing will so fully reveal the gist of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily adapt it for various applications without omitting features that, from the standpoint of prior art, fairly constitute essential characteristics of the generic or specific aspects of this invention.

Claims

THE EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION IN WHICH AN EXCLUSIVE
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

1. A hanger insertable into a hole of a support, particularly for mounting of pipes, comprising an elongated sleeve having a longitudinal axis and a longitudinal throughgoing slot, said sleeve being resiliently yieldable in a direction transverse to the direction of elongation thereof and having in undeformed condition a dimension in said transverse direction which exceeds a corresponding dimension of the hole in the support; and a mounting tab integral with a trailing end of said sleeve and located in a central longitudinal plane of the latter, said tab being formed with a throughgoing hole symmetrical with reference to another central plane of said sleeve which is normal to the first-mentioned plane and having an axis which lies on an extension of said longi-tudinal axis of said sleeve.

2. The hanger defined in claim 1 wherein said tab is generally planar and lies on said longitudinal axis and generally perpendicular to said slot.

3. The hanger defined in claim 2 wherein said tab is arcuate at its end remote from said sleeve.

4. The hanger defined in claim 3 wherein said hanger is entirely integrally made of spring steel.

5. The hanger defined in claim 4 wherein said sleeve is chamfered at its other end.

6. The hanger defined in claim 5 wherein said sleeve is formed on its side generally opposite said slot with a slot extending longitudinally from said other end only part of the longitudinal length of said sleeve.

7. The hanger defined in claim 5 wherein said sleeve is generally circular in cross section.

8. The hanger defined in claim 5 wherein said sleeve is U-shaped in cross section.

9. The hanger defined in claim 5 wherein said sleeve is provided with holding formations.

10. The hanger defined in claim 9 wherein said holding formations are provided at the edges of said slot.

11. The hanger defined in claim 9 wherein said formations are ridges on said sleeve decreasing in size toward said other end.

12. The hanger defined in claim 2 wherein said sleeve has a region of greater elasticity than the rest of said sleeve.

13. The hanger defined in claim 12 wherein said sleeve is formed with a groove at said region.

14. The hanger defined in claim 12 wherein said sleeve is formed at said region with a longitudinally extending throughgoing slot having a longitudinal length shorter than said sleeve.

15. The hanger defined in claim 14 wherein said slot opens at said other end and is narrowest at said other end.

16. The hanger defined in claim 2 wherein said sleeve has a predetermined diameter and is formed with a bulge of a diameter between one-tenth and one-fifth greater than said predetermined diameter.

17. The hanger defined in claim 2 wherein said sleeve is longitudinally corrugated with its diameter increasing and decreasing and said slot is narrow-er in the regions of smaller diameter than in the regions of greater diameter.

18. The hanger defined in claim 17 wherein the edges of said slot are substantially in engagement with each other at the smaller-diameter regions.

19. The hanger defined in claim 17 wherein said sleeve has a diameter at the smaller diameter regions equal to between 0.7 D and 0.8 D and at its greater diameter regions equal to between 1.1 D and 1.2 D.

20. The hanger defined in claim 2 wherein said hanger has an outer surface which is at least partially roughened.

21. The hanger defined in claim 20 wherein said sleeve is formed with transverse bulges at the roughened areas.

22. A method of securing an object to a hard mass having a surface, said method comprising the steps of: forming in said mass a bore having a mouth at said surface and having a predetermined bore diameter; inserting into said mouth one end of a radially elastically deformable elongated sleeve having a throughgoing longitudinal slot and a sleeve diameter greater than said bore diameter; hammering in a direction toward said surface on a tab integral with and extending longitudinally from the other end of said sleeve to drive said sleeve into said bore while elastically radially inwardly deforming said sleeve; and securing said object to said tab through a throughgoing hole formed therein in such a manner that said object exerts on said sleeve through said tab a force away from said surface, whereby said force is resisted by radial pressing of said sleeve on said mass inside said bore.

23. The method defined in claim 22 wherein said bore diameter is equal at most to eight-tenths of said sleeve diameter.

24. The method defined in claim 23 wherein said sleeve has at said one end a diameter equal generally to seven-tenths of said sleeve diameter.