CA1051755A

CA1051755A - Modular sawmill with mechanized handling of sawlogs and pieces cut therefrom

Info

Publication number: CA1051755A
Application number: CA282,846A
Authority: CA
Inventors: Roy R. Pryor; Harold A. Pryor
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1977-07-15
Filing date: 1977-07-15
Publication date: 1979-04-03

Abstract

MODULAR SAWMILL WITH MECHANIZED
HANDLING OF SAWLOGS AND PIECES CUT THEREFROM

Abstract An improved fully mechanized sawmill is provided which is composed of structurally independent modules which are removably mounted on a platform composed of a plurality of side-by-side longerons supported horizontally on files of spaced-apart vertical piers and columns. The longerons provide horizontal stress support for the platform along the files of piers and columns perpendicularly to the cutting axis of the sawmill, and the modules mounted thereon provide horizontal stress support for the platform along the ranks of the piers and columns parallel to the cutting axis. In addition, improved mechanisms and techniques are provided for handling and selecting the sawlogs to be cut, for selecting and distributing the pieces cut therefrom according to shape and utility, and for stacking and handling the distributed pieces at preselected locations according to shape and utility.

Description

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Background of InventIon .
This inventi~on -relates to impr~ved s-awmi~ll methods and apparatus, and more part~cularl~ relate~ to an l~mproved sawmill design and operating concept. In addit~on, the invention relates to a novel sawmill concept wherein improved methods and apparatus are prov~ded for performing certain of the various functions now performed in sawmills of conventional design.
It is well known that trees are har~ested to provide lumber and wood pulp, and that such felled trees are carried to sawmills for this purpose after being de-topped and delimbed, and perhaps also debarked. It is also well known that the sawlogs are sliced into lumber, railroad ties or timbers, and the like, by longitudinall~ carr~ing them to and from a revolving circular saw. It is further well known to provide ; mechanical devices for moving and handling the sawlogs in the sawmill, and also to provtde other such devices for moving and handling the lumber and timbers which are produced. What is not well known is that, because of economic and social changes occurring during the past few decades, a need has arisen for a different type of sawmill. More particularly, wnat is required is a sawmill which is simpler, easier, cheaper and much quicker to erect and put into operation, which is als`o operable with a minimum number of persons, which is simpler and easier to maintain and repair, and which may be convenientl~ disassembled~for removal'and ré-erection at another operating site.
A sawmill may be characterized as a system wherein certain functions or steps in a process are performed. The initial point in the proce~s may be considered to be the : ;

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"log deck" ~here sa~logs are pos~,ti~oned ~n a manner such that they may~be taken, one at a t~me, to be cut i~nto lumber and the like. Thus, a "nose sect~on" is preferably provided between the log deck and the carr~age and saw section for the purpose of selecting and transferring each sawlog to the carriage which travels back and forth between a revolving circular saw blade.
W~en a slice is taken from a sawlog or cant which is secured on the carriage, it may be either a board or timber, la or it may be a so-called "slab" which is useless for purposes of providing lumber. It is desirable to segregate different pieces at the time they are cut from the sawlog, and thus means is preferably provided for depositing a slab on a first conveyor section leadin~ to a chipper or the like, and for depositing lumber and timber-sized pieces on two or more other different conveyors leading, respe~tively, to lumber and railroad tie "decks." --It will be apparent from the foregoing that the typical sawmill is a large and complex system which is expensive and time-consuming to install and put into operation. However, the cost and,complexity of sawmills has been greatly enhanced, during recent years, by the need to mechanize as much of the operation as possible. This, in turn, has resulted in making sawmills relatively permanent installations, which is incon-sistent with an inherent need to be moved, from time-to-time, to more convenient sites. Accordingly, the many small, relatively portable sawmills of the past have now been largely replaced by a proportionately fewer number of much larger and relatively permanently installed sawmills which are, in turn~

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7~5 completely dependent on a transportation system which can accumulate and suppl~ sa~lo~s ~Eom a w~de area.
Accordingly, t~ere has long been a need for a mechanical sawmill which requires a minimum num~er of personnel to operate, but which i5 also capable of being erected in a shorter length of time, ~h~ch can be disassembled and removed to another operating site without effectively being destroyed ; as an operating unit, and which is simpler and therefore easier and cheaper to maintain. The various features and techniques which are employed to provide the large sawrnills of the prior art are inherently inconsistent with providing all of these features in the same operating unit, and thus simplicity and portability have accordingly been sacrificed in favour of mechanization.
These disadvantages of the prior art are overcome with the present invention~ and novel sawm~ll methods and apparatus are herewith disclosed for providing a sawmill which is operable with a minimum number of persons, which is relatively simple and quick to erect and put into operation at a 2Q substantially lower cost, which may be easily disassembled and reassembled at a new location, and which further includes improved and novel component sections for performing various of the aforementioned functions or steps.

y ~f Invention In a preferred form of the present invention, a novel sawmill design is provided wh~ch is basically comprised of a platform formed by a plurality of piers or columns arranged in ranks and files and carrying a plurality of hollow longi-tudinal structural members hereinafter referred to as "longerons - 3 ~

~S~7~5 which extend or l~e acros~s the ~a~ous files o~ p~er~ or columns to provide two preselected ~unctional or operating levels. The various operatl~ng sections of the m~ll is therefore composed of a plural~ty of "modules" which are merely set down in straddle fashion on the longerons at various locations relative to the vertical cutting plane or "saw line" of the mill, as well as with respect to the -two operating levels.
As will hereinafter be apparent, mounting khe modules lQ on a platform of this type can be done in only a few days, and thus a sawmill of this type can also be erected in a fraction of the time required to erect a conventional sawmill. More important, however, a sawmill of the type contemplated by the present invention can be disassembled and re-erected at another site by merely unfastening and removing th~ modules from the longerons, (as well as dis-connecting the various pneumatic and electrical conduits and connections which are necessarily provided between the various modules).
It will be seen in the detailed description hereinafter provided that the platform is itself a feature of the present invention~ wherein the platform is basically a plurality of vertical support members arranged in a rank and file to support a plurality of longerons carried by files of these vertical members at one of two operating levels or elevations.
The longerons, which connect the files of piers or columns, provide strength to the assemblement of piers, columns and longerons, in a lateral direction perpendicular to the cutting line of the sawmill, and the modules which straddle and rest on the longerons connect and strengthen the assembled ~ 4 -~s~
sawmill in the lateral dixect~on parallel to the cutt~ng line.
Althou~h a sawmill constructed ~n this fashion will basically perform the same functi~ons as those performed or sought to be per~ormed By conyentional sawmills, redesign of the sawmill to incorporate the ~lodular concept has per-mitted or required redesign of the modules whereby they are structurally independent of each other ~except for inter-connection of electrical cables and pneumatic hoses, etc.).
Thus, many if not all of the various modules are not limited in usefulness to the sawmill system and method of the present invention, but may be effecti~ely interconnected in and operated as a part of a conventional sawmill. For example, the various log, lumber and tie deck assemblies hereinafter described are substantiàl improvements over corresponding portions of conventional sawmills, and the lumber and tie stacker assemblies may be used with particular advantage in any type of sawmill or other similar system, as will herein-after be apparent.
Another feature of the present invention is the provision of various novel devices and kechniques for mechanically handling not only the sawlogs which are sought to be cut, but also the boards, timbers and other pieces severed therefrom.
In addition to the aforementioned lumber and tie stacker apparatus, novel and improved means is provided with the carriage and saw section or module for selectlvely depositing the saw several pieces on one of th~ee different convéyor sections depending on whether the piece is a slab, a plank or board, or a railroad tie or other like size of timber.

~ 5 -1~5~755 ~lso, novel routi~g means is provided for -transferring bo~rds or ties from the conveyo:r sections -to selected ones of a plu~ality of lumber and tie deck assemblies and other components o~ the sys-tem, all ~ithout the use of any manual ~ labor other th~n the sawmill operator. Accordingly, not only is the sawmill of the present invention cheaper and easier to erect, it may ideally be operated by only one person as will h.erein.after be apparent, ~ Thus, this invention contemplates an improved modular : 10 sa~nill wh.ich. comprises a platform assembly composed of a plur~l~ty o~ vertical supporting members spaced in ranks and files and a pluxality of longerons each.horizontally disposed on one of the ~iles of supportin~ members ~or forming a vertical supporting ~rame structurally independent of the other ~ertical supporting ~rames and further establishin~ at different pre~
selected elevations a plurality of vertically spaced horizontal operating planes bisected by a vertical cutting plane, and a carriage and saw section removably mounted on a plurality of the longerons at a selected one of the operating planes for receiving and longitudinally slicing a sawlog longitudinally arranged in the cutting plane. A self-contained and independent-ly operable first deck section is removably mounted on and straddles a plurality of longerons at the one of the planes on the opposite side from the carriage and saw section for receiving and supporting sawlogs arranged parallel to the cutting plane ancl for laterally travelling the supported ~.
sawlogs. A self--contained and independently operable conveying section ~s removably mounted on and straddling a plurality oE
the longerons at another l.ower one oE the operating planes and parallel with and spaced on the opposite side of the cutting plane from the carriage and saw section for receiving and longitudinally routing slices of sawlogs cut by the carriage ~ .

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~6~5~L~55 and saw section along selected one of a plurality of -travel paths parallel with the cutting plane. A stoP means is independently operable to stop a selected one of the slices at the one preselected location, a removal means is responslve to the stop means for laterally removing the stopped slice from the conveyor assembly, and a self-contained deck section is removably mounted on and straddling a plurality of the longerons and independently operable to receive and store the stopped slice from the removal means.
These and other features and advantages of the present ~- invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, wherein reference is made to the figures of - the accompanying drawinas.
In t~e Drawings:
- Figure 1 is a simplified conceptual representation of the operating levels of a sawmill embodying the concept of the ; present invention.
- Figure 2 is a simpli~ied functional representation of the various functional modules, in a sawmill as depicted in . ~. .
Fig. 1, with respect to its sawline or cutting axis.

Figure 3 is a simplified pictorial representation of a ~.
-~ platform suitable for the purposes of the present invention.
. ~ .
Figure 4 is a more detailed pictorial representation of - a portion of the structure illustrated in Fig. 3.

Figure 5 is a simplified pictorial representation of one of the components of the structure illustra-ted in Fig. 4, ~i~ appearing with Figs. 1, 6 and 7.
.-.: .
Figure 6 is a simplified pictorial representation of - one of the parts of the component depicted in Fig. 4, appearing with Figs. l, S and 7.

~ Figure 7 is a simplified pictorial representation of `~ another part of the component depicted in Fig. 4, appearing ~ with Figs. 1, 5 and 6.

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Figure 8 is a pictorial representation o~ anotller por-tion of the supporting platform depicted in E~igure 3.
Figure 9 is a pictorial representa-tion oE ano-ther : different portion of the s~ructure depicted in Pigure 3, - appearing with Figure 3.
E'igure 10 is a pictorial representation of a further different portion of the structure depicted in Figure 3.
Figure 11 is a pictorial view of a portion of one of the components of the sawmill depicted yenerally in Figure 2.
Figure 12 is another different view of the structure depicted ln Figure 11.
Figure 13 is a simplified pictorial view of another of the .component parts of -the sawmill depicted generally in -~ Figure 2.
.: Figure 14 is a simplified pictorial view o~ another - portion of the sawmill depicted generally in Figure 2O
Figure 15 lS a pictorial representation of another component of the sawmill depicted in Figure ~.
~ 20 Figure 16 is a different representation of the apparatus :~ depicted In Figure 15.
~:. Figure 17 is another view of -the apparatus depicted in ~ ~ Figures lS and 16.
.,~ . .
`~ : Figure 18 is a more detailed pictorial view of another dif~erent component of the sawmill generally represen-ted in Figures 1 and 2.
Figure 19 is a pictorial view, par-tly in cr~ss section, i~ of the in-ternal details of the apparatus depicted in Figure 18 S
Figure 20 is another pictori~l view of the apparatus illustrated in FicJures 18 and 19~
Figure 21 is a pictorial representation of a portion of the apparatus depicted in Figures 1~-2~, appearing with Figures 2, 22 and 23.
Figure 22 is another different pictorial representation of.the apparatus illustrated in ~igure 21, appearing with , Figures 2, 21 and 23.
~ Figure 23 is a further different pictorial view of a : 10 portion of the apparatus depicted in,Figures 21 and 22, appearing with Figures 2, 21 and 22.
Figure 24 is a pictorial representation, partly in cross section, of the internal details of a portion of the appara-tus - depicted in Figure 18.
; Figure 25 is another view of the apparatus depicted in Figure 24.
Figure 26 is a pictorial representation of the details of another portion of the apparatus depicted in Figure 18 illustra-ting the position of cer-tain components duriny its operation.
Figure 27 is another view of the apparatus depicted in .. ........
,' Figure 26.
Figure 28 is another diff,erent v,iew o~ the apparatus , depicted in Figures 26 and 2i.
~ . , .
Figure 29 is a pictorial representation of ano-ther portion of the apparatus decpited in FicJures 26-280 .~ : Figure 30 is a similar pictorial view of the apparatus ,~ illustrated in Figure 29.

Fiyure 31 is a different pictorial view o~ the apparatus , ~ .

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depicted in Figures 29-30~
Figure 32 is a pictorial representation of ano-ther portion of the sawmill depicted in Figures 1-3.
Figure 33 is a different pictorial view of the ~pparatus depicted in Figure 32.
Figure 34 is another pictorial view of the apparatus depicted in Fiyures 31~32.
. Figure 35 is a functional diagram of a portion of the pneumatic operating components and system employed in a sawmlll oE the type embodying the concept of the presen-t invention~ ' :
Figure 36 is a functional diagram of a portion of the electrical operating components and system employed in a sawmill of the type embodying the concept of the present invention.
Figure 37 is a pictorial representa-tion of means for protecting and supporting electrical cables and leads required to energize the apparatus deplcted in Figure 36.
Figure 38 is a pictorial representation, partly in cross section, of the apparatus depicted in Figure 37.
Figure 39 is an exploded pictorial representation of a portion oE the apparatus illustrated in Figure 3~

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' ~10--1~5 7~5 Detailed Descriptiorl As hereinbefore explained, the present invention con-templates a sawmill which is composed of a plurality of modules each mounted on a supporti.ny platform at a particular location and at one o three func-lional elevations hereinafter reerred to as Elevations I, II and III. Reerring now to Figure 1, there may be seen a simplified functional repre-sentation o a sawmill embodyiny this concep-t with respect to such locations and different levels or elevations.
i0 Accordingly, it will be seen that the depicted sa~mill is composed of a log deck assembly 2 which is perpendicularly arranged with respect to a carriage and saw section 6. As will hereinafter be explained in detail, the motive power or ~ -the carriage and saw section 6 may be provided by a suitable feedworks base section 4 aligned longi-tudinally with such carriage and saw section 6. The log deck assembly 2 is interconnected with the carriage and saw section 6 by a nose section 3 aligned longitudinally with the log deck assembly 2, and which is perpendicular to the carriage and saw section 6.
Referring again to Figure 1, it will be seen that the sawmill further includes suitable roller bed sections 9 and 10, and a slab conveyor section 11, which are aligned parallel with, and along the side of, the carLiage and saw section 6.
; Perpendicular thereto and displaced "downstream" from the carriage and saw section 6, there may be seen a pair oE lumber deck assemblies 12 and 13 arranged side-by-s.ide and extending at right angles from the roller bed sections 9 and 10 in one :
direction therefromi and a transfer deck assembly 22 extendiny in an opposite direction from the end of the roller bed sections 3q 9 and 10. As will be fur-ther explained in detail, the purpose .
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of the roller bed secti.on 9 is to carry l~u~er from -the carriage and saw sectlon 6 to a selected one oE the two lumber deck assemblies 12 and 13, whereas the purpose of the o~ler roller bed section 10 is to carry railroad ties or other larger such pieces from the carriage and saw section 6 to the transfer deck assemb:Ly 22. There may be further seen a third roller bed section 15 arranged perpendicularly to and across the opposite end of the transfer deck assembly 22,in parallel with the other two roller bed sections 9 and 10, which connects the transfer deck assembly 22 with the four tie deck assemblies 16-19.
Referring again to Figure 1, it will be seen that the lumber deck assemblies 12 and 13 are each respectively inter-.~ connected with the lumber roller bed section 9 by one of a pair of lumber stacker sections 20-21, and also by one of a pair of pull-off assemblies 20A-21A, and that the transfer deck assembly 22 is interconnected with the timber roller bed section 10 by another pull-of.f assembly 22A. In addition, . the transfer deck assembly 22 is joined at its other end to the thir~d xoller bed section 15 by a trimmer section 14 and a push-off assembly 14A.
As hereinafter stated, eac~l of the various aforementioned .~ components are further positioned at one of three levels or elevations, depending upon thelr respective functions within the system. In particular, the various lumber and tie deck :~ assemblies 12-13 and 16-19, as well as the trans~er deck ~ .
~ :~ assembly 22, are located at Elevation I, as are the three " . .:
~ roller bed sections 9-10 and 15. Similarly, the various ~ stacker and pull-off sections 20-21 and 23-26 are loca-ted ~ .
~ 30 at Elevation I, which is the lowest of the three functional .. :~ ;
., ~ ~ ' ' '.
:~ ~ - 12 -,';~ : :
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elevations in the system. ri'he log deck assen~ly 2 ancl nose section 3 are located at Ele~-ation II, and the carriage and saw section 6 is located at Elevation II~ which is the hiyhes-t functional eleva-tion in the system. The posi-tion of feedwords base 4 is at Elevation I.
~ s will hereinafter be explained in detail, sawlogs are positioned along the length of the log deck assembly in a manner parallel to the carriage and saw section 6. Accordingly, the nose section 3 operates to select and transfer a sawlog from the log deck assembly 2 to the carriage and saw sec-tion 6, preferably by rolling it or pushing it sideways onto the carriage portion of the carriage and saw section 6. After the log is properly secured thereon, the log is then carried longitudinally back and forth to slice it into lumber or railroad ties or the like, each board or other piece tending to fall sideways from the carriage and saw section 6 onto the appropriate one of the two roller bed sections 9-10. Those pieces considered to be lumber are, of course, longitudinally carried by the roller bed section 9 to the appropriate one of ~he two lumber deck sections 12-13.
. As will hereinafter be explained in detail, the function :.
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o~-the two pull-off sections 20A-21A is to transfer the .
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: board or other piece onto the corresponding one of the two ~: stacker sections 20-21, and that component may thereafter be employed to transfer such piece onto the selected one of the two lumber deck assemblies 12-13. Railroad ties and other ~.
~, .
~such larger pieces or timbers provided by the carriage and :~

. saw section 6 w111, as hereinbefore stated, be deposited ~;

longitudinally on the other roller bed section 10 to ~e carried :

to the transfer deck assembly 22. Accordingly~ such railroad : - 13 -~: "`` :
;: :

~s~ss tie or timber is removed onto the transfer deck assembly 22 by another pull-off section 22~ similar in desiyn and function to ~he pull-off assemblies 20A-21A hereinbefore rnen-tioned, whereby the transfer deck assembly 22 may carry such tie to the trimmer section 14. Thereafter, the tie is transferred onto the third roller bed section 15 by either a push-off assembly 14A, or by another pu].l-off assembly, for transfer to the appropriate one of the four tie deck assemblies 16-19.
The system will also include four tie stacker sections 23-26, and four pull-off assemblies 23A-26A, for the purpose of removing such ties from the roller bed section 15, and for the purpose of thereafter stacking them appropriately onto one of the four tie deck assemblies 16-19 as will hereinafter be explained in detail.
Referring now to Figure 2, there may be seen another functional representation of the various components of the sawmill depic-ted in Figure 1, wherein these components are depicted with respect to movement of sawlogs and lumber throughout the system. Accordingly, the system may be seen to include a rub bar assembly 5 which prevents the carriage 27 from being thrown from the rails of the carriage and saw section 6 by the impact of the slapper bar 37 (see Figure 14) on a sawlog being driven onto the carriage 27, a driving means 195 of conventional design for energizing the rotary saw (not spec:ifically depicted in Figures 1 and 2), and a suitable cage or control booth 30 for accommodating the operator of the sawmill. Further, there may be seen that the sawmill includes a conveyor belt section 11 which is composed of an endless belt arranged beside and parallel with the carriage saw section 6 for carrying away slabs and other debris ~.

1~5~75S

not suitable for use as lumber or railroad ties or tile like.
Fiyure 2 also depic-ts the location of each triple leg assembly 200, which is a component more particularly described and depicted in Figures 10-12.
Referring now to Fiyure 3, there may be seen another differen-t pictorial representation of the sawmill illustrated in Figures 1~2 and more particularly showing the platform hereinbe~ore described for the purpose of supportiny the various modules and components at the appropriate one of the three elevations hereinbefore mentioned with respect to Figure 1 In particular, the platform may be seen to be composed of a plurality of vertical s-trength members hereinafter referred to as piers 44, which are adapted to provide -the lowest Elevation I. ~ similar vertical strength member, hereinafter referred to as a column 45, is used to provide support for components located at the intermediate Elevation II.
In addition,:it may be seen that extension members 70 may be located on top of piers 44 for -the purpose of also providing . support at the intermediate Elevation II.

The highest Elevation III r~ay be considered to be the top surface of the rails 74 of the carriage and saw section.6, and which is composed of a pair of railroad-type rails 74, each mounted on a raiI bed member 73, which, for present purposes, may be a rectangular hollo~ channel member or other suitable structural device.
Referring again to Figure 3, it may be seen that the columns 45 are intended to support both the log deck assembly - . (not depicted in Figure 3) and the nose section 3, as well as a portion o:F each of the two rail bed members 73. Piers 44 ~ - 1 5 -~5~'755 are provided to carry longerons 50, AS may be seen in Figure 4, and the rail bed members 73 rnay therefore be supported on the upper ends of extension members 70 moun-ted on these lonyerons. ~`he feedworks base 4, which supports a feedworks 42 for driving the carriage 27, is cen-trally supported at Elevation I by a pair of piers 44. It also includes the return stop assembly 32 which, in turn, is centrally supported at Elevation II by vertical extension memkers 70 mounted on piers 44, and is also connected to - 10 one end of the two rail bed members 73 for the purpose of structurally inteyrating these components into the assembly formed by the platform. As may be further seen, a second stop assembly 31 is mounted at the opposite ends of the rail bed members 73, at Elevation I, on one of the two longerons 50 which support the first lumb~r deck assembly 12, although it is also interconnected with the other ends of the two rail bed members 73 to achieve s-tructural unity.
As hereinbefore stated, the platform composed of the ; piers 44, columns 45 and other members are connected together into a structural unit by the various modules such as the carriage saw section 6 and the lumber and tie deck assemblies 12-13 and 16-19 which are mounted thereon. As indicated in Figure 3, however, one or more diagonal braces 46-47 may be suitably employed at points adjacent the ends of the carriage saw section 6, however, because of stress created by movement of the carriage 27 and its impact upon one or the other of the two stop assemblies 31-32.
The carriage 27, which is depicted in Figure 3 and which functions to support a sawlog intended to be cut into lumber, .
l 30 may be of any suitable design such as that illustrated in . ~ 16( ~ ' ~L0~1~7SS
U. S. Paten-t No. 3,566,933. Accordinyly/ the carriage 27 may include -two or more knee assemblies 2~-29 and o-ther components such as an appropr:iate carriacJe dial 179 to indicate the lateral position of the knee assemblies 28-29 and sawlog (not depicted) on the carriage 27. Accordingly, the control booth 30 is appropriate].y positioned adjacent to but OIl the opposite side of the circular saw blade 34, not only to better observe the cutting operation provided by the saw blade 34 but also to observe readings indicated by the dial 179.
. ~eferring again to Figures 2-3, it will be seen that the depicted sawmill is basically composed of a plurality of functional components or modules which are interconnected together on a platform composed, fundamentally,of piers 44, columns 45 and longerons 50. The piers 44 and columns 45 are, of.course, arranyed in ranks and files to provide vertical support for the modules, and the longerons 50 provide strength to the platform along the files of piers 44 and/or columns 45. Accordingly, when a module such as -:
the lumber deck 12 is disposed on two longerons 50, it also provides strength between the ranks o~ piers 44 which support it.
. .
Referring now to Figure 4, there may be seen a partial . but different view of the pla-tform depicted in Figure 3 and composed of the various vertical structural members here-inbefore reEerred to as piers 44. Each of these piers 44 may be seen to be provided at its upper end with an inverted short saddle member 51 composed of a piece of channel or the :
like, and of a size to receive and hold, without bindiny, a '' .

~, ` ' .

-, . .. ~ .. . . . , , . . . . . .: , .. . ..
- ~ ~ . ~ :. . ,: ,. . . . ... .. .

1~51755 square tubular member re~erred to as a longeron 50. Tl-e purpose o~ the various longerons 50, whlch are carried on files of piers ~, is to estab:Lish the aforementioned lowest functional Elevation I in the sawmill, and thus these longerons 50 operate to support either a vertical extension member 70 or an operating modu:le such as the lumber deck assembly 12. It will therefore be seen tha-k the lumber deck assembly 12 is composed of a pair of lony saddle members 71 which, in turn, each include a spaced~apart pair oE
chain assemblies 86 and 87. Lur~er is loaded on the two chain assemblies 86~87, and may therefore be moved laterally thereon by means of movement of movable chains therein (not depicted).
Since Elevations I and II are established by the longerons 50, it will be apparent that piers 44 and columns 45 must be appropriately mounted. As may be seen in Figures 5-7, such mounting is pre~erably perfonned by digging a .:
posthole 52 an appropriate depth in the earth 63, by disposing in such posthole 62 a base pad assembly 57, and by supporting such base pad assembly 57 in the pos-thole 62 by means of concrete 64. More particularly, the base pad assembly 57 may be seen to be composed oE a rectangular metal plate 58 and three lengths of metal supporting rod 59-61 each having one end built in *he manner of a right angle. l'he angular ends of the rod 59-61 are appropriately welded to the underside of the plate 58, as suggested in Figure 6, whereby the plate .
58 will provide a supporting pad for the pier 4~ when the - base pad assembly 57 is appropriately mounted in the hole 62.
~ After the concrete 64 has set, its level is measured by ~:
conventional means for the purpose of determining the length ' .

. . . . . . .. . . ... . . . .. . .. . .. . .. .

1~5~
of the pier 44 which is necessary -to support a longeron 50 at Elevation I. In this respect, the height o~ ~levation I
above the surface of the earth 63 is not signiflcan-t, but the height of Eleva-tions II and III above Elevation I is, of course, material to the operation of the sawmill.
Referring again to Figure 5, it will be seen that the pier 44 (or column 45) ls preferably welded on-to the upper surface of the plate 58 of the base pad assembly S7 and that two or more sleeves 52-53 or other tubular members are appro-priately welded to the sides of the inverted shor-t saddle 51 ; which is positioned on the upper end of the pier 44. It will ; be noted upon use of the present invention that the weight of the various components souyht to be supported on the longerons S0 will be sufficient to provlde immobility of these modules and components and corresponding structural integrity to the platform composed of the piers 44, columns 45 and longerons 50.
In some instances, it may be desirable to further secure one portion of the platform to another, and thus it may be seen in Figures S and 7 that a U-tie bolt 54 may be inserted over the longeron 50 and through the sleeves 52-53, whereby the longeron 50 may be further connected to the pier 44 by nuts 55-56 on the ends of the U-tie bolt 54. I-t will also be seen, however, that this manner of interconnecting the components of the platform may also be used, as will hereinafter be depicted, to connect the modules and components of the system to the longerons 50 of the platform, and that both erection and dis-assembly of the sawmill are relativelv simple and rapid expedients. The various piers 44 and columns 45 must, of course, be cut from the plates 58 of the various base pad ;~ 3a assembles S7, and may not be re~useable if they are too short - to support a longeron 50 at ~leva-tion I at the new site.

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'~ ' ~0~755 It is not ordinarily practical, however, -to salvaye the base pad assemblies 57 which are embedded i~ the concrete-filled holes 62.
Referring now to Figure 8, there may be seen a detailed and pictorial representation of the portion of the platform depicted in Fiyure 3 and composed of the portion supporting the carriage and saw section 6. More particularly, it may be seen that the rail bed members~73 are composed of a pair of rails 74 each mounted on elongate rectangular hollow members which are positioned on either cross-tie members 206, which are channel members carrying a pair of spaced-apart inverted short saddles 51, or on cross~tie extension assemblies 72 which, in turn, are mounted on longerons 50 at Elevation I.
As further indicated in Figures 3 and 8, some of these longerons 50 are supported at Elevation I by piers 44, and some are supported at the intermediate Blevation II by columns 45, depending on whether the longerons 50 are located to carry a cross-tie 206 or a cross-tie extension assembly 72. As may further be seen in Figure 8, a cross-tie assembly 72 is a:unit composed of a pair of v.ertical extension members 70 mounted on a long saddle member 71 and carrying a cross-tie member 77. Referring agairl to Figure 8, it will be noted i that the long saddle member of the cross-tie extension assembly 72~is provided with a pair of sleeves 76 on each side at a location adjacent the lower ends of the vertical extension members 70. Accordingly, the cross-tie extension assembly 72 may be fixedly secured to the longeron 50 upon which it rests by a plurality of U-tie holts 54 inserted through the sleeves 76 and extending around either the longerons S0 or the short , : :.
saddle member 5.L on the upper end of the pier 4A.
,:

::
... .
l -2 n-~5~7SS

Similar sleeves 76 may be provided on the adjacent sides of the inverted saddle members 76 positioned on the upper ends of the vertical ex-tension members 70 for the purpose of containing U~tie bolts 54 in the manner hereinbefore explained.
It will be noted, however, that these upper positioned U-tie bolts 54 engage a snubbing block 75 which is welded or otherwise affixed to the sides of the rail bed support member 73. Each rall bed member 73 rests in one of the short saddle members 51 of the cross-tie member 77, and thus the short saddle members 51 are provided with sleeves 76 located to correspond with the location of the sleeves 76 on the inverted saddle member 51 fixed to the upper end of the column 45.
Accordingly, the rail bed member 73, which is also provided with a second pair of snubbing blocks 75 at this location, -may be secured to the cross-tie channel member 206 and ::
columns 45 ~y means of longer U-tle bolts 54 extending throuyh : :~
the sleeves 76 on both the upper inverted short saddle member 51 fastened to the cross-tie saddle 206, and the lower inverted saddle member 51 fastened to the upper end of the column 45.
Referring now to Figure 9, there may be seen a more detailed pictorial representation of the major components of the platform and carriage and saw section 6 depicted in Figure : 3. More particularly, it may be seen that the rails 74 are . :
mounted on the upper surface of the rail bed members 73 and :~ .
~that the ends of the rail bed members 73 are arranged to mate with the base members of the two stop assemblies 31 and 32.
: : More particularly, the rail bed members 73 are each connected - ~ to the base members 85 by means of connectin~ bolts 80 and nut 81 extending:through each of a pair of sleeves 78 and 79 ~; 3~ ;mounted on the rai~l bed member 73 and base member 85, :

s~

respectively. ReferrincJ now -to the first s-top assel~bly 32, it will be seen that this module is composed o~ a pair of leg men~ers 83 mounted on the two base members 85 and supporting in horizon-tal arrangement a shoc]c-absorbiny bumper 49 in a channel-like bumper holcler 82. S-trength is provided against impacts on the bumper 49 by angle brackets 84 as well as the tie-bolt 80 which interconnects the rail bed member 73 to the base member 85.
It will be noted in both Figure 3 and E'iy~re 9 that the base member 85 of the stop member 32 rests not only on the vertical extension memkers 70 of a cross-tie extension 72 but also on the floor 43 of -the feedworks base 4 which carries the feedworks 42. Accordingly, the floor 43 is also provided with a saddle member 65 to rest on the longeron 50 which is carried by the pier 44, and which supports the floor 43 of the feedworks base 4.
Referring again to Figure 9, it may be seen that the other stop assembly 31 is more simply composed of a pair of vertical leg members 83 supporting an impact-absorbing bumper 48 mounted horizontally across the two base members 85 in a similar bumper holder 82. The leg members 83 are further joined to the base members 85 by a pair of short angle brackets 199. The stop assembly 31 is supported by a cross-tie extension assembly 72 on a pair of piers 44, and on another pair oE piers 44 by a further assembly of components wh.ich include a cross-strut 90 spanning and interposed between the two base members 85 and a pair of horizontal stru-ts 89, a special vertical extension column 70A and an angle bracket 70B. The special vertical extension column 70A is mounted on . . .

~Cl 5~7SS
a short saddle member 65 for suitably engaginy a lonyeron 50 carried by the second pair of piers 44.
Referring now to Figure 13, there may be seen another pictorial view of a portion of the carriage and saw section 6 and also the rela-ted portions of both the supporting plat-form and the rail bed sections 9 and 10 and the conveyor belt section 11. More particularly, there may be seen a pictorial illustration of the longeron 50 extending across two or more piers 44 at Elevation I and supporting the vertical extension column 70 which carries the rail 74 mounted on the rail bed member 73. There may also be seen a more detailed illustration .of both the roller bed sections 9 and 10 as mounted on the longeron 50, and also the conveyor belt section 11 as disposed on the longeron 50. As hereinbefore stated, the carriage 27 which rides on the rails 74 is adapted to carry a sawlog longitudinally with respect to the roller b~d sections 9 and 10 and in gripping contact with the knee .
assemblies 28 on the carriage 27.~ The first cut taken from : a sawlog will produce a "slab" having no value for lumber purposes but which lS salvageable for purposes of conversion to pulp. Accordingly, when a slab is produced the flip board 102 which is a portion of the slab flip board section 7 is arcuately raised about the hinge 103 and the slab (not depicted in Figure 13) may then fall into the space between the higher support member 107 adjacent the carriage 27 and the lower ~; support member 108 and extension support member 109 on the :~ opposi:te side. More particularly, the slab will fall into . the U-trough 97 and onto the endless belt 113 wilich, as indicated in Figure 2, will move to carry the slab a~7a~ fro~ the carriage a ~ and saw section 6 to an appropr.iate discharge point such as a : - 23 -;' , ~L~5~755 conventional chipper assembly (not depicted)O It may be seen in Figure 2 that the endless belt depicted in Fic;ure 13 must travel over a substantial distance. Accordinyly, and as further depicted in Figure 13, the conveyor bel-t section 11 may suitably include one or more belt support rollers 96 located beneath the conveyor belt section 11 for supporting -the return portion of the endless belt 113.
Referring again to Figure 13, it will be seen that the flip board 102 rests on the lip portion of a suitable support lQ member 106, which is mounted on the upper end of the higher support member 107, and which extends toward and immediately underneath the projecting lip or edge of the deck of the carriage 27. The purpose of the support mernber 106 is to span the gap between the carriage 27 and the slab flip board 102.
Referring ayain to Figure~13, it will be seen tha-t the ~-two roller deck sections 9 and 10 are composed of a plurality of rollers 110 rotatably mounted between channels 111 which, in turn, are mounted on an array of spaced-apart lower support members 108. The purpose of the extension support member 109 is to provide for angular positioniny of both the flip board 102 which is a portion of the slab flip board section 7 and the flipboard 104 which is a portion of the lumber flip board 8. The two flip boards 102 and 104 are mounted to form an inclined plane extending generally from the deck of the carriage 27 at Lts upper end and to the rollers 110 of the second roller bed section 10 at its lower end. Accoxdingly, if the piece severed from the sawloy on the carriage 27 is a slab or otherwise relatively worthless piece, the flip board 102 is ' : ' , ' , .
`' -2~-... ... . ..... . . . . .. . . .. .

~5 1L'755 raised pivotally about the hinge 103 by a pneumatic cylinder (not depic-ted) whereby the severed piece will thereupon fall onto the endless bel-t 113. If the severed piece is of salable size and shape, however, the first flip board 102 is left resting on the support member 106, and the second flip board 10~ may be elevated about its hinye portion 105 by suitable means such as a pneumatic cylinder (not depicted).
In this event, the severed piece wi]l roll across the support member 106 and first flip board 102 and thereafter onto the rollers 110 composing the first roller bed section 9. As hereinb~fore stated, the first roller bed section 9 is arranged to carry pieces to the lumber deck assemblies 12~13. Accord-ingly, the second flip board 103 will only be raised if the severed piece is of lumber dimension, and it will be left down on the upper end of the exténsion support member 109 if the severed piece is, instead, suitable for railroad tie purposes or the llke. In this even-t, the severed piece will roll across the support member 106 and both flipboards 102 and 104 to the rollers of the second roller bed section 10 and may then be carried down to the receiving end of thè
transfer deck assembly 22.
It will be noted that the rollers 110 are provided with belt grooves 116 for receiving driving belts, whereby the rollers 110 may be rota-ted by suitable means to travel the severed pieces to their intended destinations. In addition, curb rails 112 are appropriately included to keep the severed pieces from sliding off of the rollers 100 during thelr travel thereon. ~

., 16~5~L~55 As hereinbefore stated, it is a concept o~ this invention to provide a sawmill composed of modules which, though functionally interconnec-ted wi~h each other, are substantially structurally independent of each other.
Furthermore, it is another concept or feature of the inven-tion that certain modules are constructed according to a standard design where,by they may be interchangeable, and whereby parts from one module may each be substitu-ted fox parts used for a different purpose in another module, as a temporary expedient to maintain productivity during relatively 'short i~tervals.
As an example of the interchangeability of various modules in the system depicted herein, it should be noted that the log deck assembly 2 is substantially the same as the .
lumber deck assemblies 12-13, the transfer deck assembly 22, and also the four tie deck assemblies 16-19. The different nomenclature employed herein is, therefore, not intended to .. .. .
indicate a difference in construction but only a difference in function or purpose within ~he system.
Referring now to Figure 14, there may be seen a more detailed pictorial view of the log deck assembly 2 as it is functionally interconnected with the nose section 3 and , carriage and saw section 6. As hereinbefore stated, the only difference between the log deck assemblies 2 and the lumber deck assemblies 12~13, transfer deck assembly 22 and the tie deck assembly-16-19, i5 its location and function within the saw mill hereinbefore described with respec-t to '~
Figures 1-3. Accordingly, the log-deck assembly 2 (and also , ' ::

the o~er xe~erenced modulesL ma~ be seen to be ~ stxuctural unit resting upon a pa~r of spaced apart lQn~erons 50 which, together with the aforementioned columns 45 comprise the supporting platform, The log deck assembly 2 is composed of the two chain assemblies 86-87 supported on a pair of long saddle members 71 by a plurality of vertical support members, whereby a plural~ty of saw logs 98 may rest on a pair of endless chains 100. A suitable drl~ing means 101 is also preferably included for the purpose of connecting power through an appropriate gear reduction assembly 118 and driving chain 119 to drive the chains 100 in a manner to carry the saw logs 98 from one end of the log deck assembly 2 to the other end. More particularly, saw logs 98 which are brought to the saw mill by trucks and the like and loaded onto the log deck assembly 2 at one end, and are then carried by chains 100 to the other end of the log deck assembly 2 for discharge, one-by-one, onto the nose section 3 of the saw mill. Accordingly, control means (not depicted in Figure 14~
will be appropriately located in the control booth 30 whexeby 2a the operator can start and stop travel of the saw logs 98 as may be desired.
Referring again to Figure 14, there may be seen a more detailed pictorial representation of one especially suitable form of nose section 3 and which is more particularly described and explained in the copending patent application, Serial No. 470,338, which was filed May 16, 1974, now U.S.
Patent No. 4,094,220, June 13, 1978. Accordingly, it will be noted that the nose section 3 is designed to provide two ;
functions, i.e., the nose section 3 selectively accepts saw logs 98 from the log deck assembly 2 for transfer to : -l~S lL~7S~
the carriacJe 27 of the carriage and saw section 6, and it also operates to manipula-te any saw log 98 which may become juxtaposed bet~een the log deck assembly 2 and the carriage and saw section 6. Thus, the nose section 3 is provided with two or more crescent-shaped stop and loader members 36 which are rotatable about a driving shaft 36A, and which have a curvilinear edge to catch and support a saw log 98. More particularly, when the stop and loader members 36 are rotated in a counter-clockw se direction, the outwardly curving surface 36B of each loader member 36 will be ro-tated below the top of the log deck assembly 2 and the inwardly curving surface or edge 36A will be presented to accept the sa~ log 98 at the end of the log deck assembly 2. After a saw log 98 has rolled onto the curved edge 36A of the loader members 36, the log members 36 are rotated in an opposite clockwise direction to dump the saw log 98 carried thereon onto the sloping rails 39, and also to elevate the outwardly curved :
edges 36B of the log members 36 to block any other saw log 98 irom rolling off of the log deck assembly 2 and onto the nose section 3.
As previously noted, a well formed saw log 98 will tend to roll up the rails 39 and into abut.ting engagement with the knee as~semblies 29 of the carriage 27, whereby the saw : log 98 may be engaged by the dogs of the knee assemblies 29 and carried to the saw blade 34. Many saw logs 98 are crooked or~have;flattened portions along thelr clrcumference, and may:even have a vestage of one or more branches extended from :
their surfaces, whereby such saw logs 98 may not roll along : the rails 39 in a proper mannerO In the event such an irregular ::
~:: 30 or reluctan-t saw~ log 98 does no-t -travel entirely along the -~
~, - 28 - ~

)S~L7S~;
lenyth ~ the ra:Lls 39 to the deck o~ ~he carriaye 27, o~ if such sawlog 98 becomes irrec;ularly posi~tioned on the rails 39, a slapper bar 37 may be rotated in a counter-clockwise direction to strike the sawlog 98 Erom beh:ind and drive i-t onto the deck o~ the carriaye 27.
As hereinbefore stated, the nose section 3 is one of the modules which is structurally independent of the other portions o the sawmillO Accordingly, it may be seen that the nose section 3 is also provided with a pair oE long saddle members 71 to permit the nose section 3 to be mounted as a unit on the longerons 50 which carry both the log deck assembly 2 and the carriage and saw section 6.
Referring again to Figure 14, it will be seen that the carriage 27, which is positioned on the rails 74 carried by the rail bed members 73, is located between the rub bar assembly 5 and the nose sec-tion 3. More particularly, the carriage 27 travels from a location between the rub bar assembly S and the nose section 3 to and past -the circular saw blade 34.
When a sawlog 98 is discharged ~rom the loader arms 36 onto the rails 39, it does not usually strike -the knee assembly 29 with heavy impact. ~hen the sawlog 98 on the rails 39 is struck by the slapper bar 37, however, the sawlog 98 will often strike .
the knee assembly 29 with an impact suEficient -to drive the carriage 27 of~ of he rails 74. Thus, the rub bar assembly 5 ~; is located to backup the carriage 27 at this point.
s further indi~ated in Figure 1~, t~le rub bar assembly 5 :
~ 29 -"~
~: .

S~L7~5 is comprised o~ a pair o~ vertical struts 93, wh:ich support an impac-t-absorbing bumper 91 located in a channel-like bumper holder 92, and which are vertically mounted on long sad~le ; members 71. The rub bar assembly 5 further conveniently has angle brackets 94 to réinforce the vertical struts 93 against impact delivered by the sa~log 98 through the knee assemblies 29 and the deck of the carriage 27.
~ s indicated in Figure 14, the nomenclature "sawlog"
is conventionally applied to a log which has not previously been longitudinally sliced. After a sawlog has received at least one cu-t by the circular saw 34, however, the portion remaining on the deck of the carriage 27 is conventionally referred to as a "cant." Accordingl~, the appara-tus depicted in Figure 14 illustrates the carriage 27 as supportiny a cant 99. ~
It should be noted that the various modules are no-t only constructed so as to be installed i.n the system by merel~
supporting them on the longerons of the platform; many of them ~ .
are ~urther designed so as to properly space themselves, one from another, according to function. .For example, the long . saddle members 71 of the log deck assembly 2, the nose section 3, ana the rub bar section 5, and the cross-tie saddle member ~: 206 of the carriage and saw section ~, are of predetermined ~;~ lengths such tllat, when butted together on the longerons 50, :~ these modules wi.ll be spaced together in a properly functional manner within the sawmill. Since these components must also :

': :

~L)5~755 be located with r~sp~c~ to the saw line illustrated in Figure 2, however, it will firs-t be necessary to locate either the nose assembly 3 or the carriage and saw section 6 with respect to the saw line, beEore the other modules can be properly installed.
Referring again to Figure 3, it will be noted that i~
a board or tie is to be delivered to an appropriate location along the lengths of the roller bed section 9-10, some means must be provided for stopping the board or tie as it travels along these components. This may be done by stopping .the rotatlon of the roller members 110, but this is unsatisfactory since the board or tie will tend to continue slidin~ ~orward along the surfaces of the immobilized roller members 110.
Referrillg now to Figures 15-17, there may be seen a plurality o~ pictorial views of a stop assen~ly 115 which may be used to selectively stop a board or tie as desired, and which is pxeferably interconnected with a triple l~y 200 in one or the other of the various roller bed sections 9-lp and 15, as will further be explained. More particularly, the stop assembly 115 may be composed of a plate 120 pivotally mounted on a rocker bar 121 by a pair of spaced-apart sleeve members 122-123. ~he rocker bar 121, in turn, is pivotally mounted between a pair of spaced-apart vertical arms 124-125 having a pivot rod 137 located between their lower ends. The - vertical arms 124-125 are, in turn, interconnected with a pair o~ vertical support members 130-131 by means oE a pa.ir ~5~755 of pivot arms 132 and 134 ill-l;erconnected at one cnd -l:o the rocker bar 121, and at their other ends to a pivot rod 138 e~tending between the two vertical support members 130-131.
~nother pair oE lower pivot arms 133 (only one being visible) are interconnec-ted between the vertical arms 124-125 and the vertical support mernbers 130-131 by the pivot rod 137 at one end and another pivot rod 136 a-t. the o-ther end. In addition, a pneumatlc cylinder 139 is pivotally anchored at one end to the pivot rod 136 by a spacing sleeve 171, and its piston rod 140 is pivotally linked to the rockqr bar 121. As indicated in Figure 15A, extension of the pis-ton rod 140 ro-tates the vertical arms 124-125 to raise the upper edge of the plate 120 above the level of the channels 111 which support -the .
roller members 110 of the roller...deck assemblieso ~lternatively, and as indicated in Figure 16, retraction of the piston arm 140 will lower the vertical arms 124-125 to retract the plate 120 below the upper surfaces of the roller members 110. Thus, when the plate 120 is elevated as indicated in Figure 15A it will block a board or timber 114 being carried by the roller members 110~ On the other hand, if the plate 120 is retrac~ed as in Figure 16, the timber 114 can travel past wi-thout interference by the s-top assembly 115.
Referring again -to Figures 15-17, it may be seen tha-t an appropriate limit switch 129 may be interconnec-ted with one ' of the two vertical support members 130-131 to position its ~ whis~er 128 to be enga~ed by an actua-tor arm assembly 127 :

~L0S~7SS
fixed to the rear surface o~ tlle plate 120. More particularl~, the plate 1~0 is normally tilted ayainst the upper ends of the vertical arms 124-125 by suitable spriny means 126 to lower the end of the actuator arm assembly 127 below the whisker 128. When the-plate 120 is elevated to stop a timber 114 as indicated in Figure 15A, the colliding timber 114 will rotate the plate'120 only far enough to cause the actuating arm assembly 127 to lift -t'he whisker 128 and thereby actuate the limit switch 129. This,.as will further be explained, will ac-tuate the appropriate pull-off assembly to remove the timber from the particular roller bed section.
Referring now to Figure 15B, it may be seen that the actuator arm assembly 127 is preferably composed of a s~uare hollow tube 127A of a length'sufficient to reach from the plate 120 to the whisker 128 of the limit switch 129. In addition, a shorter length of rectangular tubing 127B is also provided immediately beneath the square tube 127A.
The plate 120 tends to receive very heavy impacts, and thus the purpose of the rectangular or oblong tubing 127B is to provide support for the s~uare tube 127A.
Referring now to Figure 18, there ma~ be seen a simplified pictorial representation of the pull-off assembly 23A, wherein it may be seen how its two pull-off arms 141~142 of -this portion of the sawmill are functionally positioned with respect ; to both the roller bed se'ction 15 which in-terconnects with : the our tie deck assemblies 16-19, and also with respect to ...... .. ..

~5~L755 the lifting arms 161-163 of -~he stacker section 23. A5 hereinbcEore stated, tin~ers are deposited~ one at a time, on the roller bed section 15 to be carried lonyi~udinally to the appropriate one of the Eour ~ie deck assemblies 16-19, the appropriate one being selected by eleva-tion of -the plate 120 of a stop assembly 115 as hereinbefore mentioned.
When the timber strikes the plate 120 and thereby actuates the limit switch 129 contained therein, this will actuate a pneumatic cylinder within each of the two pull-off arms 141-142, as will hereinafter be explained. Each of these -two cylinders is interconnected with a dogging tooth 143 or 145 which projects above the upper surface of the two pull-off arms 141-142 on the opposite side of the timber, and thus retraction of the piston rods connected to these te.eth 143 and 145 will drag the timber sideways across the pull-off arms 141-142 and, accordingly, onto the arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly 23. ::
: Referring more particularly to Figures 19 and 20, there may be seen a detailed representation of the internal components of the pull-off arm 141 depicted in Figure 18 . and which is similarly representative of the internal : configuration oE the other pull-off arm 142. Accordingly, the pull-off arm 141 may be seen to be a rectangular hollow member haviny a larger section 141A containing a sui.table pneumatic cylinder.l~8, and a smaller section 141B haviny a slot 144 in its upper surface. The cylincler 148, which is ` ~

~O5~ 755 suitably anchored by pin 159, has the free travclincJ end o~
its piston rod 149 connected to a suitable link bar 152 by a clevis 150 and clevis pin 151, and the link bar 152 is preferably disposed within the smaller portion 141B of the pull-o~f arm 141 on a pai.r of rollers 153 ~only one visible in Figure 19). The dogginy tooth 143, in turn, is pivotally interconnected by a plvot pin 155 be-Lween a pair o spaced-apart tooth brackets 154 ~only one visible in Figure 19) mounted on top of the link bar 152. Referring again to 1~. Figure 19, it will be seen that a suitable switch 156 is arranged in the larger por-tion 141~ with a whisker 157 disposed to be deflected b~ an actuator projec-tion 158,~which i5 moun-ted on the side ~ the link bar 152, and which ac-tuates the switch 156 upon retraction of the piston shaft 149 into the cylinder 148.
Referring ayain to Figures 19 and 20, it may be seen how the tooth 143 is arranged and adapted to engage the timber 147 to draw it onto the arms lGl-16~ of the tie stacker, upon retraction of the piston rod 149 into the cylinder 148, but 2Q to underride the timber 1~7 whenever the piston rod 149 is extended from the cylinder 1~8. The advantage thereby derived is that the pu11-off assembly will onl~ move a timber 147 in one direction and will not push it back onto the roller bed section 15 upon extension o~ the piston rod 149 for -the - purpose o~ taking a subsequent timber Erom the roller bed section 15, :
.
- 35 - :

~L~S~IiL75i~;
ReEerring now to Fiyures 21-23, there may be seen a rnore detailed pictorial representation of the link bar 152 and pull-off tooth 143. Accordinyly, the lin~; ba.r 152 May be seen to be a rec-tanyular body having pinhole 160 at one end ~or receiviny the clevis pin 151, and~having a pair of rollers 153 mounted adjacent its other end. The actuator 158 may be seen to be an angular projection mounted on the side o~ the link bar 152 at a location suitable for timely enyagement of the whisker 157 of thé limit switch 156 depic-ted in Figures 18 and 19. The dogging tooth 143 may be seen to be a flat body having a right~
triangular configuration and secured between the two tooth brackets 154 on top of the link bar 152 by means of the tooth :~
pivot pin 155, and further having laterally projecting portions which act as counterweights to maintain the tooth 143 in a normally erect position relative to the link bar 152.
Referring again to ~igure 22, it may be seen that the engaging surface 143B of the tooth 143 is the longer right side of the triangle defined by the tooth 163, and that when the hypotenuse side 143A is driven against the timber 147 depicted 20 in Figures 19 and 20, the tooth 143 will yieldably rotate under the timber 147 instead of displacing it from its location on the tie stacker arms 161-163. Alternatively, when the engaging surface 143B of the tooth is brough-t into contact with a timber 147 or the like, the tooth 143 is rotated cloc~ise to bring its short side i.nto abutting engagement with the top of the link bar 152, whereby further rotation oE the tooth 143 is ~ ' .

: . ; , . ., .;

~D517~S
prevented, and w~lercby the l;ooth 143 then oL~poses l~he tir~er 147 to displace i t along the leng-th of the arms 161-163 of the tie s-tacker asserrbly.
Referring again to Fiyure 2, it will be noted that the timbers which are received from the trimmer section 14 are pushed on-l;o the roller bed section 15 by a push-off assembly 14A. ~rhis component of the system is entirely the same as the pull-off asserr;bly 20A, excep-t tha-t its tooth 143 is reverse~
with respect to its position as indicated in Figure 22, and that the cylinder 148 and piston rod 149 in Figures 19 and 20 are. operated in a manner opposite to that hereinbefore described.
With such an arrangement, the hypotenuse side 143~ oE the tooth 143 will be drawn yieldably against the timber, to rotate the tooth 143 under the timber during retraction of the piston rod 149 into the cylinder 148, and the enyaging side 143B of the tooth 143 will be pushed into contact with the timber to shove it from the trimmer section 14 onto the roller bed section 15 upon extensior~ of the plston rod 149 from the cylinder 148.
Alternatively, of course, a pull-off assembly may be used at this location in the system instead of the push-off assembly 14A.
ReEerring again to Figure 18, it will be seen that the tie stacker por tion of the pull-o~ and tie stacker assembly 23 is composed of an arrangement of three liting arms lGl-163 which are fixedly positioned on a rotatable cross-bar 169, whereby rotation o:~ the cross-bar 169 will elevate the li:Eting arms :
161-163 to deposit timbers carried thereon onto the liftin~ :

:~ ' .. :~

-;
.~ . .. . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . :.

1~5i1755 pads 180 and 1~:l oE ~ e tie deck assembly 1~.
Referrin~ now to Figures 29-31, there may be seen how the lifti}lg arms lGl-163 may be elevated by an arrangement of components i.nterconnected with the ccnter arrn 163 and composed of pneuma-tic cylinders 231 and 237. More particularly, cylinder 231 is anchored between a pair o:E spaced-apart elevation arms 230-230A which are pivotally mounted at one~ end on the cross-bar 169, and which are pivotally com~ected to the cylinder 231 by an anchor pin 235 slidably disposed in a spacing sleeve 244 10 extending between the arms 230-230A and fixedly attached to the base of the cylinder 231. The piston arm 232 extending from the cylinder 231 is interconnected with a bracket 246 on the lower surface of the center arm 163 by a clevis 233 and clevis pin 234.~ The other pneumatic~cylinder 237, which is anchored at its base between the arms 230-230A by a sleeve 245 and anchor pin 236, is connected at its other end through the piston shaft 238 to a bracket 241 mounted on a short saddle 24~ by a clevis 239 and clevis pin 240. The short saddle 242 i.s, in turn, mounted on a brace 243 or ot~.er suitable portion of the platform hereinbefore d.escribed, by U-tie bolts (not depicted) as previously explained.
: The particular tie stacker configuration depicted in Figures , -:
29-31, wherein two cylinders are employed instead of only one, `

provides a number of advantayes over the stackers and other :
similar apparatus of the prior art. In the first instance, it will be noted that whenever it i5 sought to elevate the center `: :

,.: . : ~ .

. . ~; ; , .... , . . . , . . :

~L~53L7~
arm 163 with only one cylinder, the cylinder will necessarily assume a very sharp angle oE attitude with respec-t to the center arm 163 ei-ther at the beyinning oi~ the elevation or at its point oE termina-tion in a ver tical position, ~or the reason that the arm 163 is being rotated through a relatively large angle (i.eO, 90 or more)O With the two-cylinder arrangement depicted in Figures 29-31, however, the cylinders 231 and 237 always maintain a subs tantial angle of attitude rela-tive to the li~ting arm 163, at all poin ts of travel between horizon~L1 and vertical. This, in turn, provides a second advantage wherein the amount of pneumatic driving force required when the arms 161-163 are either at horizontal or vertical may be substantially reduced. In other words, when only a single ~ -cylinder is employed it must have a capability which is sub~tantially greater than the con~blned capability of both of the two cylinders 231 and 237 employed as hereinbefore described. ~ -A third advantage, which is particularly importan-t, derives from the fact that the colTbination of the two cy~inders 231 and 237 permlts the~ elevation of the lif ting arm 163 ~ith - 20 a~more controllable amoun-t oE force at all positions during its rotation between horizontal and ver tical. Thus, the , lif ting arm 163 can be moved at a speed such that the timbers ~ . .
147 carried thereon are not thrown forward onto the lLfting ~; pads 180 and 181 of the tie declc asse~ly 18 but are stacked thereon in the manner sought to be provided with this apparatusO
; In this respect, it should be noted that pneuma tic cylinders : ~ ' ' : '.

.... . .

~S~7~5 tend to vary Wit}l respect to their internal friction, and thus it is difficult to control such cylinders in ~ preselected manner whenever close tolerances o~ movernen-t are required~ By using a two-cylinder arrangement rather tllan only ~ne, as in the case of the prior art, the two cylinders tend to cooperate in this regard, whereby they effectively operate as a sinyle cylinder having a driving Eorce w'nich averages out the variations arising because of difEerences oE internal Eriction in their internal components.
In normal operation of this apparatus, it is conventional as well as desirable -to actua-te the pull-off arms 141-142 to load five timbers 147 onto the lifting arms 161-163 o~ the tie stacker assembly 23, before the arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly are elevated to deposit this stack oE til~bers 147 onto the tie deck assembly 18. In actual operation,-each .:
timber 147 may be deposited.across the lifting arms 161-163 only to the extent that the dogging teeth 143 and 145 can travel along the slots 144 and 146 in the pull-o-Ef arms 141-142. ..
As each timber 147 is pulled onto the lifting arms 161~163 by the dogging teeth 143 and 145 in -the pull-off arms 141-142, the subsequent timber 147 will push the precedi~ timber or timbers thereon Eurther down the lifting arms 161-163. Such travel will only occur, however, until the first tin~er loaded thereon comes into abuttiny engayement with the angular stops : : 166-lZ8 mounted on the three li~tiny arms 161-163. Thereupon, the cylinder 174 1oca-ted within the center lifting arm 163 .
-- ~0 -- .

:

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lOS~75~ii may be actuated to retract the piston sha~t 17G until the clampiny tooth 165 grips the last loaded tim~er 147 and draws all five timbers into locking engagement against the stop 168.
Thus, the five tir~ers are held secured together by the clamping tooth 165 during elevation of the lifting arms 161-163 by the cylinders 231 and 237, thereby avoiding any tendency Eor the stack of five timbers 147 to topple over in disarxay on the tie deck assembly 18.
Referring again to Figures 24-25, it will be seen that the clamping tooth 165 is a T-shaped component having its shank portion pivotally connected to the free traveling end . ~.
of the piston shaEt 176 by a clevis 177 and clevis pin 178 and having rollers 172 for facilitating movemen-t of the clamping tooth 165 within and along the length of the center : lifting arm 163. It will also be seen that the clamping tooth is only ex-tended up throuyh the slot 164 and above the surface ~:
of the lifting arm 163 when the piston shaft 176 is retracted :
to briny the clamping tooth 165 into engagement with the ~.
timbers 147. Thus, a portion of the lower wal} section o~ the 20 ; lifting arm 163 is: preferably bent outwardly thereo~ in the manner of a downwardly extending flap 173, where~y the rollers :::
.
.
~ of the clamping tooth 165 will roll downwardly on this flap .
173 to drop~-~he engaging portion of the clamping tooth 165 below the upper surface of the lifting arm 163, and whereby :~ ; tlmbers 147 may be~drawn onto the lifting arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly without inter~erence by the :

~5~L7~Si clampillg tooth 165.
Referring now to Figures 18 and 26-2~, it may be seen that the outer lifting arms 161-162 are eacll provided with a suitable stack pusher member 190 pivotally mounted thereon by means of sleeve bearings 215 and 216. In addi-tion, lifting pads 180-181 are appropriately mounted adjacent the inner sur~aces of the two chain assemblies 86-87 of the tie deck assembly 18. More particularl~l the liEting pad 180 may be seen to be pi~o-tally supported with respect to the chain assembly 86 by means of a shorter pivot arm 183 at one end of the lifting pad 180 and a longer pivot arm 182 at its other end~ In additi.on, a pneumatic cylinder 184 is interconnected by a pin 186 xotatably linked to a bracket 185 mounted on or adjacent the lower surface of the chain assembly 86 a.nd having its piston rod 187 connected to the lower end of the longer pivot arm 182 by a clevis and pin assembly 188. Accordingly, when the piston rod 187 is extended -from the cylinder 184, the lifting pad 180 will be elevated by the pivot arms 182-183 above the upper surface of the chain assembly 86, and when the piston rod 187 is retracted, the lifting pad 180 is retracted below the upper surface of the chain assembly 86. Although ! not specifical:Ly depicted in the accompanying drawings, it will be noted that the lifting pad 181 is similarly connected to~and movable with respect to the other chain asse~ 87.
Referring again to Figures 26-28, it will be noted that when t~e center arms 161-163 are elevated to a vertical

2-~L~5~1l7S~i position, the piston rod 187 is ex-tended ~rorn tlle cylin~er 184 to elevate the pads 180 and 181 above their respective chain assemblies ~6-87, and the stack of timbers 147 carried thereon may then be deposited on the lifting pads 180-181.
~ len another five timbers have been received onto -the lifting arms 161-163 oE the tie stac]cer section 20, and when the arms 161-163 are again elevated to a ver.tical position, this additional stack of timbers will again be se-t down on the elevated lifting pads 180-181. To prevent the second stack of 10. timbers from interfering with the first deposited stack of timbers 147, it will be noted that the ro-ta-table s-tack pusher 190, which is rotatable freely in the appropriate one of the two bearings 215-~16, and which is balanced to keep -the posltion depicted in Figures 26-28, will be brought into abutting engagement with the first stack of tlmbers 147 to push them forward along the two lifting pads 180-181. Each time the lifting a.rms 161-163 are elevated to a vertical position, the two stack pushers 190 will therefore be brought into abutting engagement with the preceding ..
stack or stacks o~ timbers to shove them out of the way and to ~ thereby preven-t them from belng toppled over by the arrival of the subsequent stack o~ timbers 147.
As hereinbefore explained, lumber which is carried by the roller bed sec-tion 9 for loading onto the lumber dec}c assemblies .12 and 13 must be deposited thereon by means of the two lumb2r stacker sections 20-21 depicted in Figure 2. The lumber stacker : section 20 depicted in Figures 32-34 is basical.ly the same as ' .

.

'7S~;i the tie stacker section 23 depic-ted and dcscribe~ in Figures 18 and 24-28, and is thereEore eleva-t~d by the same t~pe oE
apparatus depicted in ~ ures 29-31. ~ccordinyly, i-t will be seen in Fiyure 32 that the lul~ber stacker section 20 is comprised of three liftiny arms 161A-163A fixedly mounted on an appropriate cross-bar 169A. It is not necessary to stack lumber received onto the liftiny arms 161A-163~, however, and thus the center lifting arm 163A need not contain clampiny apparatus such as the cylinder 174 and clamping tooth 165 depicted in Figures lQ. 24-25. The center arm 163A therefore need not be provided with the slot 164 which is required to accommodate the clamping tooth 165, as depicted in Fiyure 32, but it is always convenien-t for purposes o interchangeability to use components of like designO
As hereinbefore stated, lumber received onto the lifting arms 161A-163A is not required to be neatly stacked in the same manner as are ~he timbers 147 which are carried by the 1iting arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly, and it is only necessary that such lumber be displaced completely from the roller bed section 9 before the lifting arms 161A-2a l63A are elevated to deposit the lumber onto the lumber deck assemb1y 12. However, the two outside liftiny arms161A-162A of the lumber stacker 20 are preferably provided with a pair of upwardly projecting triangular fins 210-211 to cause lumber dragged thereon by the dogging teeth 1~3 and 145 of the pull-off arms 141-142, to jump forward down the length of the lifting arms 161A-1~3A

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, ~5iL75~
In this respect, it will be no-te~ th~t thc smaller ~in 210 ls preferably located adjacen-t the end of each of the t~o liftiny arms 161A-162A, and that the larger ~in 211 is located furtller down the lengtll of the arms 161A-162Av In addition, each of the two fins 210~211 is positioned with its lon~er side directed toward the lumber being received from the roller bed section 9.
Referriny ayain to Figure 32, it will be notecl that since the lumber received onto the liftiny arms 161A~163A is not intended to be neatly stacked on-to the lumber deck assembly 12, as hereinbefore explained, the stack pusher members 190 depicted in Figures 18 and 26-28 are not required. On the other hand, it is desirable to provide means for preventing .
lumber piled onto the lumber deck assembly 12 from falling back onto the lifting arms 161A-163A, and thus discs 213 214 are preferably mounted rotatably in the sleeves 215-216 for preventing this from occurringO
Referring now to Figures 33-34, i-t will be seen how lumber 207 which is drawn onto the lifting arms 161A-163A by the dogging teeth 143 and 145 of the pull-off arms 141~142 wil} tend to sweep over the fins 210 and 211 to be piled in a random fashion on the lifting arms 161A-163Av When the liftincJ arms 161A-163~ are elevated to a vertical position, the lumber 207 tends to fall forward onto the rotatable discs 213-214. Since these discs 213-214 are both freely rotatable ~.
in the sleeves 215-216, however, the lumber 207 will continue ' ~

:
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fort~ard, aw~y froln tlle vert:i.cally erect liEtin~ arms 161~-163A onto the chain assemblies 86~87 of the lumber deck assembly 12. Since the ].ul~er deposited thereon may be accumulated in a random fashion, as hereinbefore sta-ted, the lumber deck assembly 12 need no-t be provided with -the lifting pads 180-1~1 and actuating componen-ts therefor, as previously described with respect to Figure 18.
Referring now to Figures 10-120 there may be seen a detailed pictorial representation oE the triple ley 200 hereinbefore mentioned with respect to Figure 2, and more especially illustrating how this component is employed in the sawmill structure to provide a number of functions and benefits. More particularly, the triple leg 200 is designed to couple two or more portions of the various roller bed sections 9-10 and 15 together as operating units, and to support the assembled roller bed sections 9-10 and 15 on the piers 44 at the Elevation I. In addition, the triple leg 200 is designed to provide means for.coupling driving power from one portion of the roller bed section to another, and to support an idling roller 193, as will hereinafter be e~plained, Other functions oE the triple leg 200 include providing support ~or either porl:ion 141A or portion 141B oE a pull-o~f assemlly 141, and to support two or more such pull-off assemblies ..
either in side-~y-side relationship or in reverse relationship wherein one of the two pull-off assemblies has had its tooth 143 reversed ~o provide push~ofE rather than pull-off, as in :
~ , ' ' .
~ - 46 -~ ':

~L~5~S5 - the case o~ the push-off ass~n~ly ~mployed -~o trclnsf~r ties OlltO the roller bed sec-tion 15 from the tri~ner section 14.
Also, the triple leg 200 provides support Eor the lif-ting arms 161-163 of each of the -tie s-tacker assemblies, and also for the lumber stackers depicted in Figure 32~
Referring more particularly to Figure 11, it will be seen that the triple leg 200 is composed of a pair o~ upright leg brackets 223-224 spaced apart along a short saddle 205 ' and each haviny a pair of oppositely projecting arms 203 .. -adapted to be bolted to the adjacent ends of the channel members `
111 of the roller bed section 10 or the like. The short saddle 205 is, of course, mountable on the appropri~te longeron 50, and therefore is preferably provided with sleeves 7G for holding two or more u-tie bolts 54. As may further be seen in Figure 11, the upper portion of each of the two ley brackets 223-224 is provided with a pair of upwardly extending'support arms 202 spaced adjacent the.ends of the channel members 11, and another pair of inside support arms 204. It will tjhus be seen that a pair of arms 202 and 204 function to support a pull-off assembly 141, or the idler roller member 193 may be ~ocated therebetween as illustrated in Figure 11.
Referring again to Figures 11-12~ it will be seen tha-t the space between adjacent outside and inside support arms 202 and 204 accommodates the smaller portion 141B of a pull-off assembly 141, wheréas the space between the two inside arms 204 will,accommodate the larger portien 141A of ~al5175~i such a pull-o~ assel~ly. AccordincJly, two pull-of~ assemblies 141 may be lai~ side-by-side, as hereinbefore explained.
Referring again to Figure 11, it may be seen how the triple leg 200 functions as a connecting link for driving the various roller members 110 in two separate sections o~ a roller bed section 10 or the like. More particularly, it will be seen that -the roller members 110 in one of the ~wo sections will be interconnected by an endless drive belt 192, which is passed about a driving sheave or pulley 191 adapted to carr~
two beltsO The second belt 198 carried by the two sheaves 191 is an endless member extending over a pair of pulleys 189, each of which is slidably mounted in a vertical slot 197 in the adjacent vertical leg bracke-t 223 or 224 of the triple leg 200. Accordingly, the two pulleys 189 ma~ be secured in the slot 197 at an appropriate position by suitable bolts or lockLng means 196, in order to apply the proper amount of tension to the connecting belt 198. Thus, rotation of the :
belt 192 in the lefthand section of the roller bed, which ~:
rotates the roller members 110 therein, will also rotate the connecting~belt 198 by rotatiny the sheave 191. Rotation of the connecting belt 198 will, of course, rotate the sheave ~ .
191 and roller members 110 in the other section oE the : roller bed section.10.
.
As hereinbe~ore stated, the triple leg 200 provides a - suitable means Eor positioniny the stop asse~bly 115, which ; is described in Figures 15-17. Thus, the vertical support : ~ - 48 ~

m~mbers 130-131, which provi~e support for tlle pivot arn~
132-134, may ~e seen to be positioned between the two leg brackets 223-224.
As hereinbefore stated r it is the func-tion of the triple leg 200 also to provide support for the lifting arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly depicted in Figure 18. Only one of the three leys of the tie stacker need be supported, however, and thus a sinyle rest 201, haviny the configura.tion of an angle member, may be fixed to one of the two support arms 202-203, as lndicated in Figures 10-11.
With reference to the pull-off assemblies 141, which may be laid across and supported by the triple ley 200, it should be noted that these assemblies are preferably provided with some form (not depicted) or projection for engaging one or more of the support arms 202 and 204. Accordingly, tllis prevents the pull-off assemblies 141 from being displaced horizon-tally while resting on the triple leg 200.
Referring now to Figure 35, there may be seen a simplified functional illustration of the major pneumatically actuated driving means hereinbefore mentioned with respect to the other components. In particular, there may be seen in Figure ~ .
~: ~ 35 a functional representation of a suitable source of pneumatic .
pressure 250, which source 250 is suitably connected through line 251 to the pressure input ports B of each oE a plurality of solenoid-actuated valves 252-256 which, in turn, have an exit port A vented to the atmosphere, an outlet pressure por=

_~9_ ~S~5~3;
C opened to intake port B upon actuation of the respective solenoid, and an intake port D coupled to a hydraulic return line 252B. l~e normal position of each of these valves 252~256 is to couple intake port B to exit port D therein.
Thus, when the valve is actuated, port D will be interconnected with port A to provide an exhaust or return route to atmosphere, and ports B and C will be interconnected to route pneumatic pressure from the source 250 and pressure line 251 to the components sought to be energizedO
Referring in particular to Figure 35, it will be seen that the actuating cylinder of the stop assembly 115 is normally in a retrac-ted position to position the plate 120 below the surface of the roller bed section. IE the solenoid 260 is ~nergized, however, pneumatic pressure will be coupled ~.
across ports B and C to the pressure line 252A leading to -the -pressure port P of the pneumatic cylinder 139, and the exhaust line 252B leading from the exit port R of the c~linder 139 will be connected through ports A and D in the valve 252 to ~ atmosphere. Thus, energiziny the solenoid 260 will e~tend the shaft 140 to elevate the plate 120 to intercept the tim~er 114, as indicated in Figure l5A. Releasing the valve 252, however, wiIl cause it to revert to its normal position wherein ports A and C are connected to -the atmosphere, and pressure from the source line 251 through ports B and D will cause the piston shaft 140 to be~retracte~ within the cylinder 139. Referring again to Figure 35, it will be seen that sinca the pull-oEf : .:
~ - 50 -.
~ i ~ s~o~s assem~lies are ~Jenerall~ provided in pairs, tlle plleulnatic system depic-ted in Fiyure 35 herein will incorporate at least two cylinders 148 with piston rods 149. As indlcat~d, the normal position oE the valve 253 is with ports A and C
interconnected and ports B and D interconnected. r~-us, when the valve 253 is actuated and ports B and C are then interconnected, pressure rom line 251 will be applied to line 253B and the upper intake port R of the cylinder 148. Thus, pressure from line 253B into port R in the cylinder 148 will cause retraction of the piston rod 149 therein, line 253A between port P of the cylinder 148 and port D of the valve 253 beiny the return route for this cylinder 148 As hereinbeore stated, there are.two cylinders involved with two pull-of arms. It is especially desirable that bo-th cylinders operate in synchronism with each other, and thus lines 254A-B are interconnected respectively to ports P and R
o cylinder 148A, the same as with lines 253A-B and cylinder 1~80 As indicated in Figure 35, the cylinder 174 which 20 positions the clamping tooth 165 is interconnected to be .controlled by the same control valve 255 which is interconnected to control the two lifting cylinders 231 and 237 depicted in Fiyures 29-31. The reason for this is that it is necessary to draw the clamping tooth 165 into compression against the stack o;:five timbers 147 at the very instant that the liftiny cylinders 231 and 237 are ener~ized to raise the liting ., .

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~1~5~75i~
arms 161-163 On t}le otller hand, it rn~y also ~c seen in Figure 35 that the cylinder 174 has its piston rod 176 extended whenever the piston rods 232 and 238 are retr~c-~ed within cylinders 231 and 237. This is accomplished by coupling por-ts P of the~li:Eting cylinders 231 and 237 to the pressure line 255A which interconnects port C of the valve 255 with port R of the clamping cylinder 174. Similarly, ports R of the lifting cylinders 231 and 237 are in-terconnected with line 255B which is interconnected with port P of the clamping cylinder 174. ~ccordingly, when the control valve 255 is energized, pressure from line 251 will be delivered through ports C and B of the valve 255 and line 255~ to extend piston rods 232 and 238 at the same time that piston rod 176 is retracted within the cylinder 174 to engage -the clamping tooth 165 against the stack of timbers 147.
In this regard it should be noted that the clamping cylinder 174 i.s not only smaller, rela-tive to the lifting c~linders 231 and 237, but it lS faster acting due to the fact that piston rod 176 will only travel a relatively short distance in either direction along its length. Accordingly, when the valve 255 is actuated, the clamping cylinder 174 :~ will immediately draw the clamping tooth 165 into engagement with the stack of timbers 1~7 before the lifting cylinders 231 and 237 have lifted the liting arms 161-163 even a short :distance rom horizontal. On the other hand, when the control valve 255 is released for the purpose of returnin~ the lifting " -52- ;

arms 161-163 to hori~ontal, L~le cylillder :L74 will react immediately to disengaye the clamping tooth 165 from the stack of timbers 147 before the liEtiny cylindcrs 231 and 237 have effectively moved away from vertical. 'l'hus, the lifting arms 161-163 may be lowered awa~ from vertical, leaving the stack of timbers 147 standing undisturbed on -the li~ting pads 180-181~
It should be noted that the lifting pads 180-181 are normally permitted to remain erect until a suitable number of stacks of timbers 147 have been deposited thereon, and the lifting arms 161-163 have been returned to horizontal at the end of a cycle. Accordingly, control valve 256 ma~ be energized to connect power through line 256A to port R in the cylinder 184 which positions the liftiny pad 180, and also to port R of the matching c~linder 1~4A which controls the other lifting pad 181. Thus, piston rods 187 and 187A will be retracted simultaneously to lower the two lifting pads 180-181 as a unit to deposit the accumulated stacks of timbers 147 onto the chains 100 of the chain assemblies 86 and 87 of the tie deck assembly 18. The chains lOO may then be shifted by the driving means 101 depicted in Figure 14 to transport the timbers to another location to make room for a next succeeding accurnulation of timbers. De-energi~ing the solenoid 264 will permit the control valve 256 to be returned to normal, whereby pressure from line 251 will again be supplied through ports B and D of the valve, and line 256B to ports P of the ;i;
, . , , , . . ~
... . ; . : .. . . . ..

5~'755 cylinders 1~ alld 184A. Tllis will ayain e};tend the piston rods 187-187~ to re-eleva-te the liftiny pads 180-181, line 25GA providing an exhaust route from ports R of the cylinders 184-184A to por-ts A and C of the valve 256.
As hereinbefore stated, the dogying tooth 143 may be rcversed to permi-t the pull-ofE arms 141 and 142 in Figure 18 to operate as a "push-off" assernbly. Referring again to Figure 35, thereEore, if the cylinder 148 is incorporated in an assembly 141 which is used to push ra-ther than pull, then line 253A will be connected to port R of the cylinder 148, and line 253B will be connected to port P, whereby the piston rod 149 will move oppositely of the manner hereinbefore explainedO
It will further be noted that the limit switch 156 depicted in Figures 19-20 must be repositioned whereby its whisker 157 will be actuated upon extension of the piston rod 149, rather than by retracticn for pull-off purposes. ~ppropriately, therefore, the switch 156 may be located at the end of the small portion 141B of the assembly 141 whereby the whisker 157 may, for example, be deflected by the link bar 152 or one of the rollers 153.
Referring now to Figure 36, there may he seen a simplified schematic diagram illustrating the elec-trical circuits and control switches for operating examples oE the various comp~onents hereinbefore described. In particular, circuitry illustrated therein is representative of -the circuits required to control and energize the roller bed section 15, the roller ; , ,.~

~C~5~SSi bed section 9, the valves 253-254 which are necessar~ to operate any one of the various pull-off assen~lies, the valve 255 which is re~uired -to opera-te any of the tie or lumber stacker sections, the mo-tor 101 which eneryizes any one of the tie deck assemblies 16 19, and the valve 256 which operates any one of the lifting pads which may be found on any one oE the -tie deck assemhlies 16-19. For purposes oE simplification, it will be noted that those switches represented in Figure 36 by double-dashed lines will be found located in the control booth 30, and those switches represented in Figure 36 by only a single dashed line will be found located on or adjacent the component sought to be controlled.
Referring again to Figure 36~ therefore, it will be seen that a master switch 271 is provided for connecting power from a suitable electrical source 270 to the circuitry which,:i~ turn, includes a stop relay switch 272 for energizing the solenoid of the stop positioning relay 274 in any of the various stop assemblies 115 which are located 20 ~ throughout the system, and which are illustrated in Figures 15-17. Accordingl.y, when the relay 274 is energized, it will be seen to couple power through the first of three sets of con-tacts~to the solenoid 260 by way of a stop override switch 273, and also to couple power through its second set of contacts to hold the rela~ 274 closed aEter the switch 272 ::: , : .
is reopened~ In addition, power is connected through the :~
.

:~ - 55 -.

~L~Sl'75~
third set of con-tacts oE the relay ~74 -to cncrgi~e ~he motor 288, whereby the platc 120 is now clevated to intercep-t the timber 114 being carried on the xollers 110 of -the roller bed section 15. As hereinbefore stated, switch 129 is closed by impact of the timber 114 on the plate lZ0, whereby power is coupled through the firs~ set of contacts of the stacker safety relay 292 to energize the solenoid of the pull-off relay 290. Note that the pull-off relay 290 may be energized at any time by the pull-off star-t switch 276. The pull-off relay 290 will now close to couple power from the normally closed pull-off return switch 277 and the two normally closed switches 156 and 156A to be found inside the two pull-off assemblies 141~142, to latch the pull-off relay 290 closed.
Power to the solenoid of the stop positioning relay 2~4 will now be broken to reopen the relay 274, and the solenolds 261-262 of .the pull-off control valves Z53-254 will now be energized to pull the timber 114 off of the roller bsd sectLon 15 and onto the lifting arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly 23. Note aIso that when -the pull-off relay 290 is energized, the motor 288 which drives the roller bed sectLon 15 is de-energized because of reopeni.ng of the stop control relay 274. :
As hereinbefore stated, retraction of the ~iston arms 149-149A will open the two switches 156 15GA, thereby , .,. :
disconnecting power from the solenoid of the pull-of~ relay Z90, whereby the solenoids 261-263 will be de-enercJized ~L~S~L7S~

alld the teeth of tlle pull-off asse~lies w:ill bc Lc-turned to their norma]. position. ~len five ties 147 have been drawn onto the liftinc~ arms 161-lG3 of the tie s-tacke.r assembly 23, and ~hen switch 170 has been closed, power will now pass throuyh the app.ropriate contacts oE the now reclosed pull-ofE relay 290 an.d the middle contacts of the normally closed stacker safety relay 292 to energize -the solenoid of the stacker relay 2910 Closiny this component will connect a latching circuit -to the relay by way of its first two contacts and the stacker limit and return switches 279-280, and will connect power through its second t~o contacts to energize the solenoid 263 of the stacker control valve 255. Accordingly, the lifting arms 161-163 of the tie stacker assembly will now be elevated.
As soon as the arms 161-163 are elevated a short interval, however~ the stacker safety switch 281 will be released to close its bottom contacts to energize the stacker safety relay 292. Power will now be disconnected from the solenoid of the pull-off relay 290 to keep the pull- .
~ offs from operating while the lifting arms 161-16~ of the :
stacker section are in an elevated position. In addition, power is further disconnected from the coil of the stacker : relay even though the switch 170 is still ~losed by the weight of the ties 147. Note further that, when the s-tacker : . safety relay 292 is opened, the lifting pads-may not be retracted even if the solenoid 264 of the pad control valve ~: ~: ' '' ' ~[D5175~ii 256 is eneryi~ed by closurc oE the pad do~n li.mi-l; switch 282.
~hen t~le li~-ting arms lGl-163 reach their full point of elevation, ~his will open the stacker limit switcll 279 to break the latching circuit which is holding the stacker relay closed. Note that this same effect can be achieved, of course, by opening the stacker return control switch 280 located in the control booth 30. Power will now be removed from the solenoid 263 of the stacker control valve 255, whereby the liEting arms 161-163 will be returned to their horizontal position to await arrival of the next ti~ber being carried on the roller bed section 15. At this poin-t, it will be noted that the stacker safety switch 281 is returned to its normal position, thereby breaking the circuit to the .
coil of the stacker safety relay 292, which will now revert to :~ :
its closed position, reconnecting power to -the pad-down limit ::
switch 282. If this component has been closed, the solenoid 264 of the pad control valve 256 will be energized to actuate cylinders 184-184Ao In this regard, it may be noted that solenoid 264 may be energized at any time by closure of the lifting pad control switch 283.
~ As hereinbefore explained, whenever a preselected number - of stacks of ties has been received on the lifting pads 180 181, the pads-down limik switch 282 will he closed to ~ connect power to the solenoid 264 of the pad control valve : 256. The pads 180-181 will now be retracted by the cylinders 184-:84A un-il the deck start switches 286-287 (one being .

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~ ~ , ' , , . , ' ' ~. ' . , ' , .

~L~53L7~iS;
actuated`by each pad) are closed to couple power to the rnotor 101 which shifts the stacks oE ties along the ti~ deck assembly and away from the pads until the pads-down limit switch is released to de-energize solenoid 264. The pads 180-181 will then be.re-elevated to release the deck start switches 286-287 and thus de-energize the motor 101. ~len a stack of ties is carried to a certain distance along the tie deck assembly, however, it will eventually depress and close the deck limit switch 285 to disconnect power to the coil of the deck safety relay 293. If the deck control switch 284 is positioned as illustrated in Figure 36, power will now be connected through the upper pair of contacts oE
the deck safety relay 293 to provide a latching circuit for :this component, and power will be disconnected from the deck ~:
start switches 286-287 to stop the motor 101 and thereby prevent ties from being carried off the end of the tie deck - assembly. Positioning the deck control switch 284 to its alternative position wlll break the latching circuit to the deok safety relay 293 to permit it to return to its normal position, and will also connect power to re--energize the ~motor 101 as long as long as switch 284 is in its alternative position~ - :
As may be seen in.Fi~ures 32~34e a typical lumber deck assembly 12 will not ~e provided with the li~ting pads 180-: :
~ ~ : 181 which are incorporated with the tie deck assemblies~ In :: ~ : : : , ~ addition, the motor 288 which operates the roller bed section ~ :
~ ' , ` : .

:

~0~7~;
15 ~i.ll not be involved wi l:h the opercltioll oE -the :Lur[~er stackcrs, bu-t thc lumber roller bed section 9 haviny motor 289 will be involved. 2:~ccordi.ngly, the lif tiny arrns 161A-163A oE the lumber s tacl;er 20A depicted in Fiyure 32 will be eleva ted upon ac kuation or closure of swi tch 212 to again connec-t power to the relay 2 91, the same as hereinbef ore described. ~ctuation of the switch 129 will ac3ain close the pull-off relay 290 to pull a board or plank onto the lif-ting arms 161~-163A oE the lumber s tacker 20. Note -tha-t power is .now applied through the bot-tom two contacts of relay 290 to energize the lur[ber roller bed stop relay 294 to break the energized circui t to the motor 289 which drives the roller bed sectiorl 9.. When switch 212 is closed, this will again energize the relay 291 to again energize the solenoid 263, as hereinbefore describedO As soon as switch 212 is closed, power will be connected through -the stacker safe ty s~7itch 281 to energize the tie deck motor 101, as well as to energize the stacker reIay 291o As soon as the lif ting arms 161A-163 are elevated far enough to release the stacker safety switch 281, however, power will be removed from the tie deck motor . 101 and will be cormected to actuate the stac]cer safety relay 292. Thus, i:he lumiber deck assernbly will be actuated -to carry lumber previously deposited thereon only far enoucJh to remove it frorn lurr~ber again being deposi ted thereon by the rising lif ting arms 161~~163A~ .
As hereinbefore stated, the hollow lonyerons 50 are not .
~- .... .

~S31'755 only employed to support the various modulcs buk arc also used to provide support as well as protection ~or clectrical cables which mus-t necessarily be e~tcnded between the components previously discussed with respect to Fiyure 36.
On the other hand, a~cess is required to these cables a~
points intermediate the ends of the longerons 50, and also provision must be had for connectiny other similar ducts to the longerons 50 at selected locations between their ends.
Referring now to Figures 37-39, therc may he seen pictorial illustrations of apparatus which has been found particularly suitable for this purpose. Referring more especially to Figure 37, there may be seen an exemplary form of duct assembly 300 whic~ includes a ~unction box 301 adapted to be in-terconnected~between an aperture 305 (see Figure 38) in the bottom of the longeron 50 and a rectangular-duct extendiny at right angles to the longeron 50. More :
especially, the junction box 301 may be seen to be provided with curvilinear surfaces 302 to support the cables 310 contained the.rein ayalnst deformation or dan~ge, such surfaces or curvilinear wall portions 302 being conveniently provided by taking a one-fourth round section of the wall of a metal tube or the like of proper radiusO The junction box 301 m~y be seen to be interconnected with an inverted short saddlè
51 which, as hereinbefore described, may be connect~d ~ith .
. : the longeron 50 by means of U-tie bol~s 54 and sleeves 761 Re~erring now to Figure 38, it may be seen that access , . ~

~95~L7S~i may be had to the cables which transfer from -l:]-le junction box 301 to the longeron 50, eitller by disconnectiny -the U-tie bolts 54 and removing the junction box 301 from the longeron 50, or by removing the access door 303 which is connected to the end of the ~unction box 301 by means of screws 304 or other suitable fasteners.
As indicated in Figures 37-3~3, provision ma~ be required for connecting an extension duct 306 ,to the duct 308 at an angle less than 90. This may be conveniently ef~ected '' ' by providing a pair of' pipe sections. 307 to tlle sides of an aperture in the duct 308, and by thereafter welding the extension 306 to the pipe sections 307. The advantage of ~.
employing pipe sections 307 in this manner is that their surfaces are rounded to protect the cables from abrasion, and thus similar componen ts may conveniently be used at the aperture 305 in the longeron 50~ . .': ' Referring now to Figure 390 there may be seen a pictorial representation of the components which secure and protec-t electricàl cables 310 when extending ou-t of a duct 308 or , the like. ~lore particularly it will be noted that brackets 311:1may be secured to spaced-apart edges oE the encl of the duct 308, and may also be provided with threaded apertures , .. -for receivi.ny the screws 304. The opening in the end of the duct 308 is preferably closed l;;y a pair of plates 312-313, - each of which has a screw aper-ture 315 :for matching the hole ~in the brackets 311, and which is also providcd with one or :

~ - 62 - , ~L~5175;5 More spaced-apart circular recesses 316. ~ccordinyly, when the plates 312-313 are secured to the end oE the duct 308 by the screws 304, the end oE the duct 303 wlll be closed except for one or more holes ormed by the matching recesses 316. Thus, one or more suitable couplings 314 are preferably provided in the recesses 316 to fixcdly secure cables passing out of the duct 308 in the manner dcpicted in Fiyure 38.
~ote also that means such as the plates 312-313 may be employed instead of the access door 303 in Fiyure 38.
Referring again to Figure 14, it will be noted that the elevation and tilt of the rails 39 of the nose section 3 should be rather precisely established in order that a sawlog 98 will roll properly onto the deck oE the carriage 27.
Accordingly, a plurality of shims 2~5 and the like are preferably included as a part oE the nose section 3, whereby the positioning of this module mayt from time to time, be selectively convenient.
Referring again to F:igure 4, it will be noted that lumber deck assembly 12 is depicted as straddling two longerons 500 ~ Such an assembly may be constructed to straddle or rest on .
: three or mo.re longerons 50 to accommodate boards of greater length, of course, without departing from the concept of the present invention. In~this regard, the log deck assembly 2, t3le nose section 3,~and the o-ther modules of the system may be similarly adapted.
~: The concept of a modular-type sa~mill dcpends, oE course, ~:

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; ,; , , , , , : . , , .. : ~ . ~

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Oll the de~inition o~ the term "module." As use(i ~lerein, therefore, a module is any component o~ -the system which, like the nose sec-tion 3 and loy deck section 2, is both self-contained and independen-tly operable. ~ccordinyly, the componen-ts descrïbed and depicted herein, which are considered to be modules are the loy deck section 2, the nose section 3, the carriage and saw section 6, the conveyor assembly as hereinaf-ter described, each of the two lumber deck assemblies 12-13, the transfer deck assembly 22, and each o~ the tie deck assemblies 16-19. '~he conveyor assen~ly is composed o~ the two roller bed sections 9-10 and -the conveyor belt section 11, the various triple leys 200 interconnected therein, the stop assemblies 145 in the triple legs 200, and the flip board sections 7-80 The pull-of~ assemblies 20A-21A, and other like components, are also a part of ~he conveyor assembly inasmuch as they are supported by the triple legs 200 rather than being disposed on longerons 50. Similarly, the lumber s-tacker sections; 20-21 and the tie stacker sections 23~26 are part of the lumber 20 ~ deck and tie deck assemblies 12-13 and 16~19, respectively, since the~ are mounted on these components rather than on longerons 50 as sel~-contained modules.
Re~erring again to Figures 1 and 2, it should be no-ted that the log deck assembly 2, the two lumber deck assemblies 12-13, the transfer deck assembly 22, and the four tie deck assemblies 16-19 are all basically -the same in design~ ~ny ~ . ' ".

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dif ferences such as th~ tie stackers 23-2G are adcliti.ons only, and tllus all of -these components are basically interchangea~le.
It will be apparent from the foreyoing that many other variations and modifications may be made in the structures described herein without substantially departing from the basic concept of the present invention. ~ccordingly, it should be clearly understood that the. forms of the invention described herein and depicted in the accompanyiny drawings are exemplary only and are not intended as limitations in the scope of the present invention~

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Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. An improved modular sawmill comprising a platform assembly composed of a plurality of vertical supporting members spaced in ranks and files and a plurality of longerons each horizontally disposed on one of said files of sup-porting members for forming a vertical supporting frame structur-ally independent of said other vertical supporting frames and fur-ther establishing at different preselected elevations a plurality of vertically spaced horizontal operating planes bisected by a vertical cutting plane, a carriage and saw section removably mounted on a plurality of said longerons at a selected one of said operating planes for receiving and longitudinally slicing a sawlog longitudinally arranged in said cutting plane, a self-contained and independently operable first deck section removably mounted on and straddling a plurality of long-erons at said one of said planes on the opposite side from said carriage and saw section for receiving and supporting sawlogs arranged parallel to said cutting plane and for laterally travel-ling said supported sawlogs, a self-contained and independently operable conveying section removably mounted on and straddling a plurality of said longerons at another lower one of said operating planes and para-llel with and spaced on the opposite side of said cutting plane from said carriage and saw section for receiving and longitudi-nally routing slices of sawlogs cut by said carriage and saw sec-tion along selected one of a plurality of travel paths parallel with said cutting plane, stop means independently operable to stop a selected one of said slices at said one preselected location, removal means responsive to said stop means for laterally removing said s-topped slice from said conveyor assembly, and a self-contained deck section removably mounted on and straddling a plurality of said longerons and independently operable to receive and store said stopped slice from said removal means.

2. The sawmill described in claim 1, wherein said con-veying means includes a first independently operable roller bed assembly arranged parallel with said cutting plane and removably mounted on and straddling a plurality of said longerons at said lower plane for longitudinally receiving and travelling to a first preselected loca-tion a first type of slice of sawlog cut by said carriage and saw section, and a second independently operable roller bed assembly arranged parallel with said first roller bed assembly on the opposite side thereof from said cutting plane and removably mounted at said lower plane on and straddling a plurality of said longerons for longitu-dinally receiving and travelling to a second preselected location a second type of slice of sawlog cut by said carriage and saw section.

3. The sawmill described in claim 2, wherein said convey-ing means further includes an independently operable conveyor belts means arranged parallel with and between said cutting plane and said first roller bed assembly and removably mounted at said lower plane on and straddling a plurality of said longerons for longi-tudinally receiving and travelling to a third preselected location a third type of slice of sawlog cut by said carriage and saw section.

4. The sawmill described in claim 3, wherein said convey-ing means further includes independently operable means for separa-ting each of said slices onto a selected one of said roller bed and conveyor belt assemblies.

5. The sawmill described in claim 4, wherein said separating means comprises a first rectangular shutter member mounted slopingly above said conveyor belt assembly to provide a ramp-like surface descend-ing from said cutting plane to said first roller bed assembly, and a second rectangular shutter member mounted slopingly above said first roller bed assembly to provide a continuation of said ramp-like surface descending from said first roller bed assem-bly, said first shutter member having hingedly interconnected with said first roller bed assembly for arcuately upward movement to reveal said conveyor belt assembly to slices of said third type arriving thereto and to block said third type slices from said first roller bed assembly, said second shutter member being hingedly interconnected with said second roller bed assembly for arcuately upward movement to reveal said first roller bed assembly to said slices of said second type arriving thereto and to block said second type of slices from said second roller bed assembly.

6. The sawmill described in claim 5 wherein a first set of said plurality of vertical supporting members are spaced in ranks and files at a first predetermined vertical height above the surface of the earth to support preselected ones of said horizon-tally disposed longerons.

7. The sawmill described in claim 6 wherein a second set of said plurality of vertical supporting members are spaced in ranks and files at a second predetermined vertical height above the surface of the earth to support other preselected ones of said horizontally disposed longerons.

8. The sawmill described in claim 7 wherein a third set of said plurality of vertical supporting members are spaced in ranks and files at a third predetermined vertical height above the surface of the earth to support another preselected plurality of said horizontally disposed longerons, said supporting members of said third set including extension members mounted thereon.

9. The sawmill described in claim 8 wherein the vertical supporting members of each set include a base plate attached thereto, and at least one supporting rod extending downwardly from said base plate and being disposed below the surface of the earth.

10. The sawmill described in claim 9, including a plur-ality of said supporting rods embedded in concrete.

11. The sawmill described in claim 10 wherein the upper end portion of each rod is bent in the fashion of a right angle, each said portion being welded to the bottom of said base plate.

12. The sawmill described in claim 11 wherein the lower end of each supporting member is welded to the top of said base plate.

13. The sawmill described in claim 12 wherein the upper end of each supporting member includes an inverted channel sized to receive and hold a respective one of said longerons.

14. The sawmill described in claim 13 wherein said channel includes a pair of sleeves, and wherein U-bolts are inserted over said longerons and passed through said sleeves and secured thereto.

15. The sawmill described in claim 14 wherein selected ones of said longerons include a junction box in communication with the underside thereof for passing electrical cable thereunto.

16. The sawmill described in claim 15 wherein each selected longeron includes therein apertured spacer plates for fixedly secur-ing within the longeron electrical cable passing from said junction box and into said longeron.