CA1049369A - Pavilion with series of arches and method of constructing it - Google Patents
Pavilion with series of arches and method of constructing itInfo
- Publication number
- CA1049369A CA1049369A CA125,745A CA125745A CA1049369A CA 1049369 A CA1049369 A CA 1049369A CA 125745 A CA125745 A CA 125745A CA 1049369 A CA1049369 A CA 1049369A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- arches
- arch
- membrane
- tension
- base
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 36
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 abstract 2
- 101150097977 arch-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010009192 Circulatory collapse Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H15/00—Tents or canopies, in general
- E04H15/32—Parts, components, construction details, accessories, interior equipment, specially adapted for tents, e.g. guy-line equipment, skirts, thresholds
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Tents Or Canopies (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A tent-like structure, hereinafter called a tensioned vaulted structure that has a series of arches and a panel of flexible covering material or membrane attached to and tension-ed between each pair of arches. In one embodiment, the arches on each side of an intermediate portion of the pavilion are mounted to swing in opposite directions between upright and recumbent positions. The arches, except the outermost, are mounted to swing on offsets which increase in length toward an intermediate portion of the pavilion to facilitate attach-ing of the covering material to the arches and to tension the covering material. The covering material between each pair of arches is depressed to minimize flutter and vibration and to enhance its load-carrying capacity and is attached to the arches by inserting beads on its edges into tunnels and held therein by a locking strip. In another embodiment, the arches are movable toward and away from each other to attach the covering material to the arches and to tension the membrane.
The invention also includes methods which facilitate con-structing such a structure with the panels of covering material depressed and tensioned between the arches. The structure may be made of curvilinear, circular or ellipsoidal form as well as straight.
A tent-like structure, hereinafter called a tensioned vaulted structure that has a series of arches and a panel of flexible covering material or membrane attached to and tension-ed between each pair of arches. In one embodiment, the arches on each side of an intermediate portion of the pavilion are mounted to swing in opposite directions between upright and recumbent positions. The arches, except the outermost, are mounted to swing on offsets which increase in length toward an intermediate portion of the pavilion to facilitate attach-ing of the covering material to the arches and to tension the covering material. The covering material between each pair of arches is depressed to minimize flutter and vibration and to enhance its load-carrying capacity and is attached to the arches by inserting beads on its edges into tunnels and held therein by a locking strip. In another embodiment, the arches are movable toward and away from each other to attach the covering material to the arches and to tension the membrane.
The invention also includes methods which facilitate con-structing such a structure with the panels of covering material depressed and tensioned between the arches. The structure may be made of curvilinear, circular or ellipsoidal form as well as straight.
Description
104'9369 This invent-ion relates to vaulted struct~re which consist of a covering oE flexible membranous material supported by a number of arches, of which the pavilion shown in the Fritsche United States Patent No. 2,797,696, dated July 2, 1957, is an example. Particularly, the invention relates to structures of this type which are made up of a number of similar units or modules which consists of arches bridged by separate panels of the membranous material, of which that shown in Figure 4B of the Fritsche patent is an example.
The objects of the invention are to provide a structure of this type in which the tendency of the covering material to wrinkle and to flutter or vibrate in gusty winds is minimized and the ability of the covering material to carry heavy loads of snow or ice without undue s-train is increased by sufficient depression of the tensioned covering material. Constructions and methods of assemblying and erecting such structures which, among other things, facilitates the attainment of the first-mentioned i objectives.
The above objects are achieved in the present invention with a vaulted tension structure comprising at least two arches with curved bights mounted on the ground or other base in sub-stantially vertical positions and face to face but spaced from each other to form a vaulted framework, a flexible roof membrane that extends between and is attached to the arches, which membrane is tensioned longitudinally and transversely to have a formed inward concave curvature between the arch bights, the concave curvature being defined by the tensioned membrane having a shorter arcuate length midway between the arches than its arcuate length where it is operatively attached to the arches, and means for holding the arches apart horizontally to maintain the tension in the membrane.
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:10~9369 For a bett:er unc1erstanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference is made to the following specification and the accompanying drawing wherein the preferred embodiment of the invention is described and shown.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a vaulted structure in accordance wi-th the invention.
Fig. 2 is a left-end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 3 and 4 are simplified illustrations of steps in assemblying the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sections on the lines 5--5 and 6--6 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a section taken at a right angle to 14 Fig. 6 through the lower end of a leg Gf one of the arches.
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~049~369 Fig. 8 is a top plan view of another structure in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 9 ls an enlarged view on the li~e 9--9 of Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the section of one of the arches shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a view on the line 11--11 of Fig. 9.
The vaulted structure in Figs. 1-7 of the drawing includes a series of curved arches 1 mounted to swing on the ground or other base 2 toward and away from the middle of the structure from recumbent to upright positions and vice versa. Between each pair of archesj except the middle pair, there extends a panel 3 of flexible membranous cover-ing material, such as a suitable coated fabric, which is stretchable within limits. One edge of each panel 3 is - attached to each of the arches through the intermediary ~ ;
of an anchor strip 4 which is shown bonded to the inner `
sides of the arches but may, alternatively, be applied to the outer sides therçof.
Along each side of each of the strips 4, there extends a tunnel 5 and along the outer face of the strip between the tunnels 5 a third tunnel 6. Into the tunnels 5 from the sides of the strip, there extend slits or narrow slots 7 and into the tunnel 6 from the outer side of the strip, there exte~ds a wider slot 8. On the edges of the panels 3 of covering material there ar~ formed beads 9 which are disposed ~n the tunnels 5 and locked therein by the lips 10. The webs 11 which separate the tunnel 6 from the tunnels 5 are made flexible so that the slits or slots .
7 may be opened to admit the beads into the tunnels 5.
After the beads have been inserted into the tunnels 5, the - - iips 10 are locked against separation by introducing a ' ' ' .
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r 104~369 filler 12 into the tunnel 6 and the beads thus retained in the tunnels. The panels of covering material or membrane are made of shallow trough shape to provide two angularly related rela-tively narrow surfaces 13 instead of one broader surface in order to minimize the tendency of the material to flutter or vibrate in gusty winds and to enhance its ability to carry heavy loads of snow or ice without undue strain. As seen in Figures l and 9 this trough shape defines an inward depression or curvature whereby the membrane has a shorter arcuate length midway bet-ween a pair of arches than its arcuate length where it is oper-atively attached to the arches. The depression of the panels is preferably 5 to 10~ of the distance between the arches.
To facilitate the realization of the structure described with the widths of covering material under tension to minimize wrinkling and fluttering, the following expedient is employed:
There is provided on the lower ends of the legs of the arches l, except the outermost arches, lateral extensions 14 of increasingly greater length and the arches are mounted to swing on the extremities of these extensions. As a result of this, when the arches are in recumbent positions, their summits, as well as their legs, are nearer together than when they are in erected positions which facilitates introduction of the ; beads 9 on the edges of t'ne panel 3 of covering material into the tunnels 5 when the arches are in recumbent positions. When the arches are swung to upright positions, they move farther apart at the base and the desired tension is thus introduced into the widths of covering material near the base. After the arches have been swung to upright positions, the lateral extensions may be fixed to the base 2 by bolts 15.
To impart a wrinkle free trough shape to the widths of covering material, the following expedient can be employed instead of starting with exact preformed widths:
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k To start with, a flat width of covering material of nearly rectangular, triangular, or other appropriate shape and of the length necessary to follow the contour of the arches 1 at the base of the trough and of the proper width with beads 9 in its edges is employed. This width is attached to a pair of arches 1 in the manner described when the arches are in recumbent positions as shown in Fig. 4. Then the edges of the width are stretched to the j extent nhecessary to make them of the same length as the preipbery of the arches by drawing their ends down to the bottoms of the legs of the arches as diagrammatically in-dicated in Fig. 3 in which the broken line a indicates the disposition of the lower edge of the width before the lateral edges are stretched. This may be done either by pulling the lower ends of the edges of the width to the bottoms of the legs or by anchoring the lower ends of the edges and raising the bottoms of the legs. When the lateral edges of the ; width have been drawn down to the bottoms of the legs of the arches, they are clamped there by bolts 16 and jaws 17.
The stretching operation is illustrated as it is in Fig. 3 primarily to facilitate and simplify illustration, but it may also actually be done while the arches are in upright positions as well as when they are in recumbent positions.
To prevent the valleys of the troughs in the widths of covéring material stretching with the edges, they may be reinforcéd with webbing or other fabric, cord or rope or additional thicknesses of membranous plastic 18.
The space between the middle pair of arches 1 may be closed by a panel 19 of covering material attached to the arches in any suitable manner and an entry 20 and a door 21.
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1049;369 The arches 1 may~kept properly spaced at their summits by purlins or a cable 22. In the latter case, and preferably also in the former, the arches are also aligned in upright positions by guys 23 connected to the middle pair of arches and to the base 2 at the lower ends of the outer-most arches. Gu~s 24 are connected to the outermost arches and to the base beyond the limits of the pavilion to pull the arches 1 apart above the base to tension the covering material 13 when a cable 22 is used to space the arches.
Suitable closures may be provided for one or both ends of the structure, such as the accordion-like structures 25 and 26 shown in the drawing, which may be collapsed to open the ends. The closures 25 and 26 are generally similar in construction to the body of the structure in that they are made up of arches 27 in the case of the;closure 25 and semi-arches 28 in the case of the closure 26 and widths 29 and 30 of flexible covering material which extend between and are attached to the arches.
~owever, the arches 27 of the closure 25 are mounted on the base 2 near the lower ends of one of the outermost arches 1 to swing about a horizontal axis upwardly to col-lapse the closure and open the end of the structure and down-wardly to close it.
` The summits of the semi-arches 28 of the closure 26, on the other hand, converge at the summit of the other outermost arch 1. The clo~ure 26 is made in two halves which~
meetat a projection of the center line of the pavilion to close the end of the structure. The semi-arches are, how-ever, mounted to swing about a verticaI axis at the point of convergence of their summits to collapse each half against a leg of the end arch 1 and open the end of the structure.
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10~93~;9 To facilitate folding of the panels 29 and 30 of covering material when the end closure 25 and 26 are col-lapsed, spring-tensioned cables31 with low friction coatings may be disposed in the valleys or in tunnels in the valleys of the panels of covering material and anchored to the base
The objects of the invention are to provide a structure of this type in which the tendency of the covering material to wrinkle and to flutter or vibrate in gusty winds is minimized and the ability of the covering material to carry heavy loads of snow or ice without undue s-train is increased by sufficient depression of the tensioned covering material. Constructions and methods of assemblying and erecting such structures which, among other things, facilitates the attainment of the first-mentioned i objectives.
The above objects are achieved in the present invention with a vaulted tension structure comprising at least two arches with curved bights mounted on the ground or other base in sub-stantially vertical positions and face to face but spaced from each other to form a vaulted framework, a flexible roof membrane that extends between and is attached to the arches, which membrane is tensioned longitudinally and transversely to have a formed inward concave curvature between the arch bights, the concave curvature being defined by the tensioned membrane having a shorter arcuate length midway between the arches than its arcuate length where it is operatively attached to the arches, and means for holding the arches apart horizontally to maintain the tension in the membrane.
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:10~9369 For a bett:er unc1erstanding of the nature and objects of the invention, reference is made to the following specification and the accompanying drawing wherein the preferred embodiment of the invention is described and shown.
Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a vaulted structure in accordance wi-th the invention.
Fig. 2 is a left-end elevation of the structure shown in Fig. 1.
Figs. 3 and 4 are simplified illustrations of steps in assemblying the structure shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
Figs. 5 and 6 are sections on the lines 5--5 and 6--6 of Fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is a section taken at a right angle to 14 Fig. 6 through the lower end of a leg Gf one of the arches.
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~049~369 Fig. 8 is a top plan view of another structure in accordance with the invention.
Fig. 9 ls an enlarged view on the li~e 9--9 of Fig. 8.
Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of the section of one of the arches shown in Fig. 9.
Fig. 11 is a view on the line 11--11 of Fig. 9.
The vaulted structure in Figs. 1-7 of the drawing includes a series of curved arches 1 mounted to swing on the ground or other base 2 toward and away from the middle of the structure from recumbent to upright positions and vice versa. Between each pair of archesj except the middle pair, there extends a panel 3 of flexible membranous cover-ing material, such as a suitable coated fabric, which is stretchable within limits. One edge of each panel 3 is - attached to each of the arches through the intermediary ~ ;
of an anchor strip 4 which is shown bonded to the inner `
sides of the arches but may, alternatively, be applied to the outer sides therçof.
Along each side of each of the strips 4, there extends a tunnel 5 and along the outer face of the strip between the tunnels 5 a third tunnel 6. Into the tunnels 5 from the sides of the strip, there extend slits or narrow slots 7 and into the tunnel 6 from the outer side of the strip, there exte~ds a wider slot 8. On the edges of the panels 3 of covering material there ar~ formed beads 9 which are disposed ~n the tunnels 5 and locked therein by the lips 10. The webs 11 which separate the tunnel 6 from the tunnels 5 are made flexible so that the slits or slots .
7 may be opened to admit the beads into the tunnels 5.
After the beads have been inserted into the tunnels 5, the - - iips 10 are locked against separation by introducing a ' ' ' .
lr/~ ~
r 104~369 filler 12 into the tunnel 6 and the beads thus retained in the tunnels. The panels of covering material or membrane are made of shallow trough shape to provide two angularly related rela-tively narrow surfaces 13 instead of one broader surface in order to minimize the tendency of the material to flutter or vibrate in gusty winds and to enhance its ability to carry heavy loads of snow or ice without undue strain. As seen in Figures l and 9 this trough shape defines an inward depression or curvature whereby the membrane has a shorter arcuate length midway bet-ween a pair of arches than its arcuate length where it is oper-atively attached to the arches. The depression of the panels is preferably 5 to 10~ of the distance between the arches.
To facilitate the realization of the structure described with the widths of covering material under tension to minimize wrinkling and fluttering, the following expedient is employed:
There is provided on the lower ends of the legs of the arches l, except the outermost arches, lateral extensions 14 of increasingly greater length and the arches are mounted to swing on the extremities of these extensions. As a result of this, when the arches are in recumbent positions, their summits, as well as their legs, are nearer together than when they are in erected positions which facilitates introduction of the ; beads 9 on the edges of t'ne panel 3 of covering material into the tunnels 5 when the arches are in recumbent positions. When the arches are swung to upright positions, they move farther apart at the base and the desired tension is thus introduced into the widths of covering material near the base. After the arches have been swung to upright positions, the lateral extensions may be fixed to the base 2 by bolts 15.
To impart a wrinkle free trough shape to the widths of covering material, the following expedient can be employed instead of starting with exact preformed widths:
cb~ ~ ~ 3 ~
k To start with, a flat width of covering material of nearly rectangular, triangular, or other appropriate shape and of the length necessary to follow the contour of the arches 1 at the base of the trough and of the proper width with beads 9 in its edges is employed. This width is attached to a pair of arches 1 in the manner described when the arches are in recumbent positions as shown in Fig. 4. Then the edges of the width are stretched to the j extent nhecessary to make them of the same length as the preipbery of the arches by drawing their ends down to the bottoms of the legs of the arches as diagrammatically in-dicated in Fig. 3 in which the broken line a indicates the disposition of the lower edge of the width before the lateral edges are stretched. This may be done either by pulling the lower ends of the edges of the width to the bottoms of the legs or by anchoring the lower ends of the edges and raising the bottoms of the legs. When the lateral edges of the ; width have been drawn down to the bottoms of the legs of the arches, they are clamped there by bolts 16 and jaws 17.
The stretching operation is illustrated as it is in Fig. 3 primarily to facilitate and simplify illustration, but it may also actually be done while the arches are in upright positions as well as when they are in recumbent positions.
To prevent the valleys of the troughs in the widths of covéring material stretching with the edges, they may be reinforcéd with webbing or other fabric, cord or rope or additional thicknesses of membranous plastic 18.
The space between the middle pair of arches 1 may be closed by a panel 19 of covering material attached to the arches in any suitable manner and an entry 20 and a door 21.
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1049;369 The arches 1 may~kept properly spaced at their summits by purlins or a cable 22. In the latter case, and preferably also in the former, the arches are also aligned in upright positions by guys 23 connected to the middle pair of arches and to the base 2 at the lower ends of the outer-most arches. Gu~s 24 are connected to the outermost arches and to the base beyond the limits of the pavilion to pull the arches 1 apart above the base to tension the covering material 13 when a cable 22 is used to space the arches.
Suitable closures may be provided for one or both ends of the structure, such as the accordion-like structures 25 and 26 shown in the drawing, which may be collapsed to open the ends. The closures 25 and 26 are generally similar in construction to the body of the structure in that they are made up of arches 27 in the case of the;closure 25 and semi-arches 28 in the case of the closure 26 and widths 29 and 30 of flexible covering material which extend between and are attached to the arches.
~owever, the arches 27 of the closure 25 are mounted on the base 2 near the lower ends of one of the outermost arches 1 to swing about a horizontal axis upwardly to col-lapse the closure and open the end of the structure and down-wardly to close it.
` The summits of the semi-arches 28 of the closure 26, on the other hand, converge at the summit of the other outermost arch 1. The clo~ure 26 is made in two halves which~
meetat a projection of the center line of the pavilion to close the end of the structure. The semi-arches are, how-ever, mounted to swing about a verticaI axis at the point of convergence of their summits to collapse each half against a leg of the end arch 1 and open the end of the structure.
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10~93~;9 To facilitate folding of the panels 29 and 30 of covering material when the end closure 25 and 26 are col-lapsed, spring-tensioned cables31 with low friction coatings may be disposed in the valleys or in tunnels in the valleys of the panels of covering material and anchored to the base
2.
Vaulted structures in accordance with my invention may be curvilinear or circular or ellipsoidal in shape in-stead of straight and include modules of different widths, shapes and materials. Different means of attachment of the covering material to the arches and different methods of depressing and tensioning the flexible covering material between the arches may be also employed. A structure in which some of these and additional features are employed is illustrated in Figs. 8 to 11.
The structure shown in Figs. 8-11 is shaped like an ellipsoid or an elongated doughnut. It consists of two similar straight sections 32 disposed side by side with their ends interconnected by curved sections 33.
The sections 32 are similar in a general way to the body of the structure shown in Figs. l-7 and the sections 33 are also generally similar except in that the arches 34 converge toward their inner sides and the modules are, there-fore, frusto-triangular instead of rectangular in plan. The arches 34 are kep~ properly spaced by purlins 35. An entry ; or entries 36 with door or doors in them may be provided in one or more of the modules.
The arches may or may not be mounted to swing on the ground or other base 2 but, in either event, they are mounted so that they may be moved toward and away from each other to facilitate the attachment of covering material 37 to the arches and to tension it.
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. . . . , ' 10'~3~9 The arches 34 may be made of curved laminated wood instead of metal or other material. For attachment of the flexible membrane panels 37 to the arches, there is provided in each side of each of the arches a tunnel 38 into which extends a lock slot 39 through which the beads 40 on the edges of the widths 37 may be introduced into the tunnels. To hold the beads in the tunnels there are provided lock strips 41.
After the panels of covering material are attached to the arches, the arches are moved apart sufficiently to tension the panels. They are then attached to the base 2. Purlins 35 may be used to hold the arches apart and maintain the tension in the membrane instead of the cable 22.
In the panels 37 of covering material employed in the structure shown in Figs. 8-11, the reinforcement 18 is omitted. To tension and depress the panels of covering material between the arches near the base, there can be provided near the lower edges of the panels one or more tension rings 42. Where tension rings are used, there should be provided at least one tension ring ; for each surface 13. Each of these tension rings consists of a cable 43 which extends through an arched tunnel 44 in or on the panel of covering material with its ends attached to the base 2. The cable may itself be a spring member or be attached to the base by a spring.
The cables 44 are tensioned sufficiently to draw the edges of the panels of covering material towards the lower ends of the arches, tension the membrane widths and depress the intermediate portion near the base.
The roof membrane may be attached directly to the base without an inward depression along the base if side -~~ ir/~ F
snow loads by drifting or piling are below the membrane elastic limit. Above this area, the membrane curves trans-versely with the arches and inwardly between the arches longitudinally to form a tensioned roof of double curvature.
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Vaulted structures in accordance with my invention may be curvilinear or circular or ellipsoidal in shape in-stead of straight and include modules of different widths, shapes and materials. Different means of attachment of the covering material to the arches and different methods of depressing and tensioning the flexible covering material between the arches may be also employed. A structure in which some of these and additional features are employed is illustrated in Figs. 8 to 11.
The structure shown in Figs. 8-11 is shaped like an ellipsoid or an elongated doughnut. It consists of two similar straight sections 32 disposed side by side with their ends interconnected by curved sections 33.
The sections 32 are similar in a general way to the body of the structure shown in Figs. l-7 and the sections 33 are also generally similar except in that the arches 34 converge toward their inner sides and the modules are, there-fore, frusto-triangular instead of rectangular in plan. The arches 34 are kep~ properly spaced by purlins 35. An entry ; or entries 36 with door or doors in them may be provided in one or more of the modules.
The arches may or may not be mounted to swing on the ground or other base 2 but, in either event, they are mounted so that they may be moved toward and away from each other to facilitate the attachment of covering material 37 to the arches and to tension it.
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. . . . , ' 10'~3~9 The arches 34 may be made of curved laminated wood instead of metal or other material. For attachment of the flexible membrane panels 37 to the arches, there is provided in each side of each of the arches a tunnel 38 into which extends a lock slot 39 through which the beads 40 on the edges of the widths 37 may be introduced into the tunnels. To hold the beads in the tunnels there are provided lock strips 41.
After the panels of covering material are attached to the arches, the arches are moved apart sufficiently to tension the panels. They are then attached to the base 2. Purlins 35 may be used to hold the arches apart and maintain the tension in the membrane instead of the cable 22.
In the panels 37 of covering material employed in the structure shown in Figs. 8-11, the reinforcement 18 is omitted. To tension and depress the panels of covering material between the arches near the base, there can be provided near the lower edges of the panels one or more tension rings 42. Where tension rings are used, there should be provided at least one tension ring ; for each surface 13. Each of these tension rings consists of a cable 43 which extends through an arched tunnel 44 in or on the panel of covering material with its ends attached to the base 2. The cable may itself be a spring member or be attached to the base by a spring.
The cables 44 are tensioned sufficiently to draw the edges of the panels of covering material towards the lower ends of the arches, tension the membrane widths and depress the intermediate portion near the base.
The roof membrane may be attached directly to the base without an inward depression along the base if side -~~ ir/~ F
snow loads by drifting or piling are below the membrane elastic limit. Above this area, the membrane curves trans-versely with the arches and inwardly between the arches longitudinally to form a tensioned roof of double curvature.
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Claims (15)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A vaulted tension structure comprising at least two arches with curved bights mounted on the ground or other base in substantially vertical positions and face to face but spaced from each other to form a vaulted framework, a flexible roof membrane that extends between and is attached to the arches, which membrane is tensioned longitudinally and transversely to have a formed inward concave curvature between the arch bights, said concave curvature being defined by said tensioned membrane having a shorter arcuate length midway between said arches than its arcuate length where it is operatively attached to said arches, and means for holding the arches apart horizontally to maintain the tension in the membrane.
2. The vaulted tension structure claimed in claim 1 in which the means for holding the arches apart to maintain the tension in the membrane includes a tension member which extends away from the arches and is attached to the base.
3. The vaulted tension structure claimed in claim 1 in which the means for holding the arches apart to maintain the tension in the membrane includes a compression member which extends between the arches.
4. The structure as claimed in claim 1 including means for fastening a lower portion of said membrane to said base comprising an arch shaped pocket in a lower portion of said membrane which pocket is convexly curved upward from the base, and a tension member receivable in said pocket and having its ends directly or indirectly attached to said base to maintain tension in the lower part of said membrane.
5. The structure of claim 4 wherein the ends of said tension member in the lower part of said membrane are attached to the lower parts of said arches.
6. The structure of claim 1 including an end closure omprised of at least one half-arch having a curved bight with one end attached to or near the apex of one of said vertical arches said the other end attached to the ground or other base and spaced at a distance from the end of said one vertical arch;
a flexible end closure membrane tensioned between and attached to said half-arch and said one vertical arch to have a formed inward depression defining a warped surface between said half-arch and said one vertical arch; and means for anchoring said flexible end closure membrane to the base or to a lower part of said half-arch and said one vertical arch.
a flexible end closure membrane tensioned between and attached to said half-arch and said one vertical arch to have a formed inward depression defining a warped surface between said half-arch and said one vertical arch; and means for anchoring said flexible end closure membrane to the base or to a lower part of said half-arch and said one vertical arch.
7. In a vaulted tension structure, at least two substantially vertical curved arches each comprising a pair of leg ends each having a lateral extension thereon and a curved bight therebetween mounted face to face on the ground or other base adjacent to but at a distance from each other to form a vaulted framework and so that they may swing from recumbent to substantially vertical positions and vice versa, a flexible roof membrane which is attached to the arches and is tensioned .
longitudinally and transversely between the arches so that, in elevation, the tensioned membrane has a formed curved depression lengthwise between the bights and the arches, said curved depression being defined by said tensioned membrane having a progressively shorter arcuate length from where it is operatively attached to said arches to midway between said arches, means including the lateral extension at each leg end for mounting the legs of the arches on the base so that their ends may be closer together when the arches are in recumbent positions to thereby facilitate attachment of the flexible membrane to the arches when they are in recumbent positions and to tension the flexible membrane between the ends of the arches when they are in sub-stantially vertical positions, and means for holding the arches apart horizonally when they are in substantially vertical positions.
to maintain the tension in the membrane.
longitudinally and transversely between the arches so that, in elevation, the tensioned membrane has a formed curved depression lengthwise between the bights and the arches, said curved depression being defined by said tensioned membrane having a progressively shorter arcuate length from where it is operatively attached to said arches to midway between said arches, means including the lateral extension at each leg end for mounting the legs of the arches on the base so that their ends may be closer together when the arches are in recumbent positions to thereby facilitate attachment of the flexible membrane to the arches when they are in recumbent positions and to tension the flexible membrane between the ends of the arches when they are in sub-stantially vertical positions, and means for holding the arches apart horizonally when they are in substantially vertical positions.
to maintain the tension in the membrane.
8. The structure of claim 7 including means for attaching a lower part of said membrane to said base comprising a tension ring, embodied in the lower part of said membrane, attached to at least one of said base, and a lower part of said legs.
9. The structure of claim 7 wherein the lateral extensions on one arch are longer than the lateral extensions on one adjacent arch whereby the horizontal distance between the leg ends of the one arch and its one adjacent arch is greater when the arches are vertically positioned than when they are recumbent.
10. In the construction of a vaulted tension structure which includes at least two substantially vertical curved arches each comprising a pair of leg ends each having a lateral extension thereon and a curved bight therebetween mounted face to face on the ground or other base adjacent to but at a distance from each other so that they may be swung from recumbent to substantially vertical positions and vice versa to form a vaulted framework, and a flexible membrane which extends between and is attached to the arches and tensioned between them and in elevation has a formed maximum curved depression between the arches, said curved depression being defined by said tensioned membrane having a progressively shorter arcuate length from where it is operatively attached to said arches to midway between said arches, the method which includes disposing the arches in recumbent positions in line with each other with their corresponding leg ends and extensions similarly oriented, attaching the membrane to the arches when they are in this position, and then swinging one of the arches away from the other about said extensions to raise the arches to substantially vertical positions, the extensions on the one arch being longer than the extensions on the other arch, to thereby move the one arch effectively horizontally away from the other arch to tension the flexible membrane between them.
11. The method claimed in claim 10 wherein the horizontal movement is uniform at both the leg ends and the bights of the arches and is effected as said arches are raised to sub-stantially vertical positions.
12. The vaulted tension structure claimed in claim 1 wherein the arches are mounted on the ground or other base for relative horizontal movement thereon.
13. The vaulted tension structure claimed in claim 1 or claim 12 wherein said arches are mounted for pivotal movement thereof.
14. The vaulted tension structure claimed in claim 1 wherein each arch has a pair of leg ends, each having a lateral extension thereon for mounting the arch on the ground or other base and for permitting a combination of horizontal and pivotal movement of each arch as it moves from a recumbent to a vertical position.
15. The vaulted tension structure as claimed in claim 1 including an end closure attached to an end vertical arch, said end closure comprising at least one arch inclined outward from said end vertical arch with its ends aligned with and adjacent to said end vertical arch, a flexible end membrane extending between and being operatively attached to said inclined arch and said end vertical arch; and means for anchoring said inclined arch to said base to thereby tension said end membrane between said end vertical arch and said inclined arch.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US9329370A | 1970-11-27 | 1970-11-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1049369A true CA1049369A (en) | 1979-02-27 |
Family
ID=22238164
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA125,745A Expired CA1049369A (en) | 1970-11-27 | 1971-10-21 | Pavilion with series of arches and method of constructing it |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5126727B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1049369A (en) |
| SE (1) | SE407251B (en) |
Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5250746Y1 (en) * | 1976-10-14 | 1977-11-17 | ||
| JPS5367318U (en) * | 1976-11-09 | 1978-06-06 | ||
| JPS5367319U (en) * | 1976-11-09 | 1978-06-06 | ||
| JPS5367320U (en) * | 1976-11-10 | 1978-06-06 | ||
| JPS5370718U (en) * | 1976-11-17 | 1978-06-14 | ||
| JPS5370717U (en) * | 1976-11-17 | 1978-06-14 | ||
| JPS5449118U (en) * | 1977-09-12 | 1979-04-05 | ||
| JPS59140621U (en) * | 1983-03-09 | 1984-09-20 | 山倉瓦工業株式会社 | tile |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4328826Y1 (en) * | 1964-09-30 | 1968-11-27 |
-
1971
- 1971-10-21 CA CA125,745A patent/CA1049369A/en not_active Expired
- 1971-11-15 JP JP46091443A patent/JPS5126727B1/ja active Pending
- 1971-11-24 SE SE7115066A patent/SE407251B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| SE407251B (en) | 1979-03-19 |
| JPS5126727B1 (en) | 1976-08-09 |
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