CA1048859A - Machine having fluid passages - Google Patents
Machine having fluid passagesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1048859A CA1048859A CA74195685A CA195685A CA1048859A CA 1048859 A CA1048859 A CA 1048859A CA 74195685 A CA74195685 A CA 74195685A CA 195685 A CA195685 A CA 195685A CA 1048859 A CA1048859 A CA 1048859A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- components
- machine
- fluid
- casing
- making
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01B—MACHINES OR ENGINES, IN GENERAL OR OF POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT TYPE, e.g. STEAM ENGINES
- F01B1/00—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements
- F01B1/02—Reciprocating-piston machines or engines characterised by number or relative disposition of cylinders or by being built-up from separate cylinder-crankcase elements with cylinders all in one line
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/58—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres
- B29C70/64—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising fillers only, e.g. particles, powder, beads, flakes, spheres the filler influencing the surface characteristics of the material, e.g. by concentrating near the surface or by incorporating in the surface by force
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/72—Encapsulating inserts having non-encapsulated projections, e.g. extremities or terminal portions of electrical components
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/68—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks
- B29C70/84—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts by incorporating or moulding on preformed parts, e.g. inserts or layers, e.g. foam blocks by moulding material on preformed parts to be joined
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
- F04B53/00—Component parts, details or accessories not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B23/00 or F04B39/00 - F04B47/00
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/748—Machines or parts thereof not otherwise provided for
- B29L2031/7496—Pumps
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Details Of Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
- Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF DISCLOSURE:-This invention is a method of making a fluid pump or an engine in which passages for the working fluid are defined by metal sleeves which are held together by being all embedded in a surrounding casing of an epoxy resin containing glass spheres as a filler to give dimensional stability and strength.
Description
1~48859 This invention relates to machines for example, fluid pumps and internal combustion engines or other machines using a working fluid. At present such machines use metal castings for defining the various fluid passages and such castings are expensive especially in respect of the con-siderable maching that is required. Moreover, castings very often have blow holes or other irregularities which create difficulties in manufacture and it is an object of the present invention to provide a construction of such a machine which avoids some of these difficulties.
According to one aspect of the present invention there is pro-vided a fluid-flow machine having a fluid-flow passage defined by two com-ponents which are in contact with each other, and a moulded casing enclosing a substantial part of the external surface area of the components so as to fixedly secure the components together whereby said components are fixedly secured together solely by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing, and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material.
The casing may be of an epoxy resin or other thermo-setting plastics material and conveniently is one which includes glass or steel spherical or other filler particles to give it rigidity and strength and low shrinkage. The passage-defining components may be for example, of stainless steel, or titanium, or other metals, but they can be of simple form and frequently in the form of standard tubes which merely require machining as to diameter and length as by operation of a lathe or a borer so that the complicated machining of a complete casting is avoided. What is more such components that are made from metal tube are of course not made from castings so that the difficulties of irregularities in the material are also avoided.
If necessary different components can be embedded in different part-castings which part castings can then .
' ' ,:
~CJ 48859 be bolted or otherwise fixed together to hold the components in their passage defining relationship.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of making a machine comprising the steps of non-fixedly mating together first and second components so as to define therebetween a passage for the flow of fluid within said machine, disposing said non-fixed mated componentswithin a mould and moulding a casing about a sub-stantial part of the external surface area of said components so as to ;~ fixedly secure said components together, whereby said components are fixedly secured together by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid : passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways and one embodiment will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of a fluid pump embodyingthe invention; and Figure 2 is a section on the line II-II in Figure 1.
The pump comprises three cylinders 11 on parallel axes 12 each of which has a piston 13 arranged to be reciprocated radially in relation-ship to the cylinder 11 by a driving shaft 14. The pistons 13 are driven with a 120 phase shift between them so that the cylinders provide pressure fluid reasonably continuously to a fluid outlet passage 15. Fluid is drawn into each cylinder 11 on the suction stroke of its piston 13 from an inlet passage 16 which is common to all three cylinders 11.
Figure 1 shows that each cylinder 11 consists of a stainless steel cylindrical sleeve 17 having a radial bore 18 for the cylinder 13.
At each end of the sleeve 17 is an automatic spring-loaded one-way valve arranged as an outlet valve 19 at the connection to the passage 15 and - 30 arran8ed as an inlet valve 21 at the connection to the passage 16. The -piston 13 slides in a sleeve 25 which fits into the .
:
~l~9~5U3~9 bore 18 in each sleeve 17 and contains a conventional seal 26.
lhe ~leeve 25 is machined from standard tube and 80 are the inlet and outlet pa3sages 15 and 16.
5. ~he pump casing is made in three separate parts 27, 28 and 29 which are eventually bolted together to hold the pump in assembly by bolts passing through bolt holes 31.
Fach part-casing is made in a similar manner in that 10. the components each contains, for example, the outlet passage 15 and the end sleeve 22 in the part-casing 27, are positioned in a mould which is then filled with a glass-ball filled epoxy resin, which when cured forms the body 27 in which the components are embedded. ~he components 15. such as 15 and 22 are thus held together in their passage-defining relationship merely by both being embedded in the same moulded plastics part-casingl In a similar manner the sleeves 17::and 25 are assembled i together by being embedded in the part-ca~ing 2~ and the 20. components 22 and 16 are held assembled together by being embedded in the part-casing 29. ~he valves 19 and 21 are fitted at the ends of the sleeve 17 together with seals ~2,~
if required,after which the three part-casings are bolted together to complete the assembly.
25. ~he plastics material described is strong and provides reinforcement against bursting loadsin the passages so that - the metal sleevesthus can be thinner than if they had to carry a full pressure themselves.
lhus expensive metals can be used most economically 30. and sinoe they are all of simple cylindrical tubular form .. . ..
' 1~488~i9 there is a minimum of machining.
~ It has been found that a pump of thi~ kind can be made at substantially lower cost than the equivalent pump made by machining a one ~iece casting, and there is an 5. additional advantage that the fluid passage~ are all defined by components made from tubular material.
The particular pump described is for pumping water to be desalinated in reverse osmosis equipment and can ~ operate at a flow rate of 5 gallons per minute delivering 10. fluid at a pressure of 1250 lbs per square inch.
The invention is equally applicable to other machines, for example, internal combu~tion engines where the cylinders and valve passages and interconnections would be definea by similar simply machined hollow cylindrical components.
15. A sealing compound can be disposed at the joints .
between the components, and it will be seen that the fluid can flow through passages defined entirely by the ,.;
- component material, so that there can be no contamination.
20. In one example, the various component9 of one pump sub-assembly were grit blasted on the external surfaces, care being taken to protect their internal surfaces by masking tapes.
They were then assembled in correct alignment in a Z5. demountable mould. 200 grammes of a commercial eposcide resin-(Araldite F ~wsre mixed with 64 grammes of a liquid hardener which is essentially 4.4 diamino diphenyl methane. The mixture was heated to 60C and outgassed using appropriate vacuum techniques.
~0. 900 grammes of solid glass microspheres in the size , - - , . ~: ' : :: , .
1C~488S9 range 400 - 500 microns were combined with 200 grammes - of glass microsphres in the ~ize range 30 - 60 microns - - to aohieve bimodal packing and the mixture heated to 80C.
5. The resin hardener mixture at 60C waæ then added to the warm glass heads, the mixture outga~sed by vacuum and poured round the pump assembly mounted in the mould, The mould was then placed in an oven and cured at 120C for 1 hr.
10. The mould uas removed from the oven, cooled, and dissasbembled to remove the moulded pump sub-assembly and the sub-assembly was post-cured for 4 hours at 180C.
~ ~ If desired the moulding material could include 15. carbon, glass, or other, fibre reinforcement, particularly . around the holes 31. Also the moulded casing could be e~ternally protected by sheet metal or metal angle - at vulnerable polnts.
. .
.
.
', . - ' ' ' ~ , `
~~ ~ ' -", , , ` ' -G~A/GJC -6-- ~ .
According to one aspect of the present invention there is pro-vided a fluid-flow machine having a fluid-flow passage defined by two com-ponents which are in contact with each other, and a moulded casing enclosing a substantial part of the external surface area of the components so as to fixedly secure the components together whereby said components are fixedly secured together solely by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing, and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material.
The casing may be of an epoxy resin or other thermo-setting plastics material and conveniently is one which includes glass or steel spherical or other filler particles to give it rigidity and strength and low shrinkage. The passage-defining components may be for example, of stainless steel, or titanium, or other metals, but they can be of simple form and frequently in the form of standard tubes which merely require machining as to diameter and length as by operation of a lathe or a borer so that the complicated machining of a complete casting is avoided. What is more such components that are made from metal tube are of course not made from castings so that the difficulties of irregularities in the material are also avoided.
If necessary different components can be embedded in different part-castings which part castings can then .
' ' ,:
~CJ 48859 be bolted or otherwise fixed together to hold the components in their passage defining relationship.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of making a machine comprising the steps of non-fixedly mating together first and second components so as to define therebetween a passage for the flow of fluid within said machine, disposing said non-fixed mated componentswithin a mould and moulding a casing about a sub-stantial part of the external surface area of said components so as to ;~ fixedly secure said components together, whereby said components are fixedly secured together by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid : passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material.
The invention may be carried into practice in various ways and one embodiment will now be described by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:-Figure 1 shows a sectional elevation of a fluid pump embodyingthe invention; and Figure 2 is a section on the line II-II in Figure 1.
The pump comprises three cylinders 11 on parallel axes 12 each of which has a piston 13 arranged to be reciprocated radially in relation-ship to the cylinder 11 by a driving shaft 14. The pistons 13 are driven with a 120 phase shift between them so that the cylinders provide pressure fluid reasonably continuously to a fluid outlet passage 15. Fluid is drawn into each cylinder 11 on the suction stroke of its piston 13 from an inlet passage 16 which is common to all three cylinders 11.
Figure 1 shows that each cylinder 11 consists of a stainless steel cylindrical sleeve 17 having a radial bore 18 for the cylinder 13.
At each end of the sleeve 17 is an automatic spring-loaded one-way valve arranged as an outlet valve 19 at the connection to the passage 15 and - 30 arran8ed as an inlet valve 21 at the connection to the passage 16. The -piston 13 slides in a sleeve 25 which fits into the .
:
~l~9~5U3~9 bore 18 in each sleeve 17 and contains a conventional seal 26.
lhe ~leeve 25 is machined from standard tube and 80 are the inlet and outlet pa3sages 15 and 16.
5. ~he pump casing is made in three separate parts 27, 28 and 29 which are eventually bolted together to hold the pump in assembly by bolts passing through bolt holes 31.
Fach part-casing is made in a similar manner in that 10. the components each contains, for example, the outlet passage 15 and the end sleeve 22 in the part-casing 27, are positioned in a mould which is then filled with a glass-ball filled epoxy resin, which when cured forms the body 27 in which the components are embedded. ~he components 15. such as 15 and 22 are thus held together in their passage-defining relationship merely by both being embedded in the same moulded plastics part-casingl In a similar manner the sleeves 17::and 25 are assembled i together by being embedded in the part-ca~ing 2~ and the 20. components 22 and 16 are held assembled together by being embedded in the part-casing 29. ~he valves 19 and 21 are fitted at the ends of the sleeve 17 together with seals ~2,~
if required,after which the three part-casings are bolted together to complete the assembly.
25. ~he plastics material described is strong and provides reinforcement against bursting loadsin the passages so that - the metal sleevesthus can be thinner than if they had to carry a full pressure themselves.
lhus expensive metals can be used most economically 30. and sinoe they are all of simple cylindrical tubular form .. . ..
' 1~488~i9 there is a minimum of machining.
~ It has been found that a pump of thi~ kind can be made at substantially lower cost than the equivalent pump made by machining a one ~iece casting, and there is an 5. additional advantage that the fluid passage~ are all defined by components made from tubular material.
The particular pump described is for pumping water to be desalinated in reverse osmosis equipment and can ~ operate at a flow rate of 5 gallons per minute delivering 10. fluid at a pressure of 1250 lbs per square inch.
The invention is equally applicable to other machines, for example, internal combu~tion engines where the cylinders and valve passages and interconnections would be definea by similar simply machined hollow cylindrical components.
15. A sealing compound can be disposed at the joints .
between the components, and it will be seen that the fluid can flow through passages defined entirely by the ,.;
- component material, so that there can be no contamination.
20. In one example, the various component9 of one pump sub-assembly were grit blasted on the external surfaces, care being taken to protect their internal surfaces by masking tapes.
They were then assembled in correct alignment in a Z5. demountable mould. 200 grammes of a commercial eposcide resin-(Araldite F ~wsre mixed with 64 grammes of a liquid hardener which is essentially 4.4 diamino diphenyl methane. The mixture was heated to 60C and outgassed using appropriate vacuum techniques.
~0. 900 grammes of solid glass microspheres in the size , - - , . ~: ' : :: , .
1C~488S9 range 400 - 500 microns were combined with 200 grammes - of glass microsphres in the ~ize range 30 - 60 microns - - to aohieve bimodal packing and the mixture heated to 80C.
5. The resin hardener mixture at 60C waæ then added to the warm glass heads, the mixture outga~sed by vacuum and poured round the pump assembly mounted in the mould, The mould was then placed in an oven and cured at 120C for 1 hr.
10. The mould uas removed from the oven, cooled, and dissasbembled to remove the moulded pump sub-assembly and the sub-assembly was post-cured for 4 hours at 180C.
~ ~ If desired the moulding material could include 15. carbon, glass, or other, fibre reinforcement, particularly . around the holes 31. Also the moulded casing could be e~ternally protected by sheet metal or metal angle - at vulnerable polnts.
. .
.
.
', . - ' ' ' ~ , `
~~ ~ ' -", , , ` ' -G~A/GJC -6-- ~ .
Claims (11)
1. A method of making a machine comprising the steps of non-fixedly mating together first and second components so as to define therebetween a passage for the flow of fluid within said machine disposing said non-fixed mated components within a mould, and moulding a casing about a substantial part of the external surface area of said components so as to fixedly secure said components together, whereby said components are fixedly secured together by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material
2. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 1 in which the said fluid passage is defined solely by said components.
3. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 2 wherein said first and second components are rigid.
4. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 1 wherein said first and second components are bodies of revolution.
5. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 4, wherein said components are tubes.
6. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 1 further comprising the step of disposing at least one moving component within one of said fluid passages.
7. A method of making a machine as set forth in Claim 6 wherein said moving component is a piston.
8. A fluid-flow machine having a fluid-flow passage defined by two components which are in contact with each other, and a moulded casing enclos-ing a substantial part of the external surface area of the components so as to fixedly secure the components together whereby said components are fixedly secured together solely by said moulded casing so as to define said fluid passage by said components and not by the material of said moulded casing, and whereby the component walls are reinforced by the casing material.
9. A machine as claimed in claim 8 wherein the first and second com-ponents are rigid.
10. A machine as claimed in claim 8 wherein the first and second com-ponents are bodies of revolution.
11. A machine as claimed in claim 10 wherein the first and second com-ponents are tubes.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1414273A GB1463981A (en) | 1973-03-23 | 1973-03-23 | Machine having fluid passages |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1048859A true CA1048859A (en) | 1979-02-20 |
Family
ID=10035780
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA74195685A Expired CA1048859A (en) | 1973-03-23 | 1974-03-22 | Machine having fluid passages |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS50111603A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1048859A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE2412941A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2223545B1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1463981A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS55137263U (en) * | 1979-03-22 | 1980-09-30 | ||
| GB2140502B (en) * | 1983-05-25 | 1987-03-18 | Atomic Energy Authority Uk | An engine including fibre reinforced plastics |
| DE29705445U1 (en) * | 1997-03-26 | 1998-04-23 | OMB Oberdorfer Maschinenfabrik AG, Bütschwil | high pressure pump |
| DE202006005682U1 (en) | 2006-04-05 | 2006-06-14 | Lincoln Gmbh & Co. Kg | Lubricant or hydraulic pump |
| CN216894768U (en) * | 2022-01-06 | 2022-07-05 | 烟台杰瑞石油服务集团股份有限公司 | Reciprocating pump and hydraulic end thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS4512548Y1 (en) * | 1965-02-03 | 1970-06-01 |
-
1973
- 1973-03-23 GB GB1414273A patent/GB1463981A/en not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-03-18 DE DE19742412941 patent/DE2412941A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1974-03-21 FR FR7409650A patent/FR2223545B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1974-03-22 CA CA74195685A patent/CA1048859A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-03-23 JP JP49033065A patent/JPS50111603A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1463981A (en) | 1977-02-09 |
| DE2412941A1 (en) | 1974-09-26 |
| JPS50111603A (en) | 1975-09-02 |
| FR2223545A1 (en) | 1974-10-25 |
| FR2223545B1 (en) | 1979-09-28 |
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