CA1047422A - Process of manufacturing enzyme preparation rich in lipase - Google Patents
Process of manufacturing enzyme preparation rich in lipaseInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047422A CA1047422A CA219,898A CA219898A CA1047422A CA 1047422 A CA1047422 A CA 1047422A CA 219898 A CA219898 A CA 219898A CA 1047422 A CA1047422 A CA 1047422A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- lipase
- tissue
- degreased
- enzyme
- acetone
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000004367 Lipase Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 108090001060 Lipase Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 102000004882 Lipase Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 235000019421 lipase Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 20
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 210000004923 pancreatic tissue Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 208000035404 Autolysis Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 206010057248 Cell death Diseases 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000028043 self proteolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006286 aqueous extract Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960001701 chloroform Drugs 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 235000019626 lipase activity Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 210000000496 pancreas Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 108010019160 Pancreatin Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 7
- 229940055695 pancreatin Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OAABHEHWRQAHEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol;chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl.CCCCO OAABHEHWRQAHEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229940079919 digestives enzyme preparation Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000004382 Amylase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 102000013142 Amylases Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 108010065511 Amylases Proteins 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000019418 amylase Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000003776 cleavage reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 description 3
- IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol;hydrate Chemical compound O.CCO IDGUHHHQCWSQLU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000469 ethanolic extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007017 scission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010414 supernatant solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 108090000371 Esterases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M Sodium oleate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC([O-])=O BCKXLBQYZLBQEK-KVVVOXFISA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LDKDGDIWEUUXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thymophthalein Chemical compound C1=C(O)C(C(C)C)=CC(C2(C3=CC=CC=C3C(=O)O2)C=2C(=CC(O)=C(C(C)C)C=2)C)=C1C LDKDGDIWEUUXSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZRBROGSAUIUIJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azanium;azane;chloride Chemical compound N.[NH4+].[Cl-] ZRBROGSAUIUIJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015278 beef Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005018 casein Substances 0.000 description 1
- BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N casein, tech. Chemical compound NCCCCC(C(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CC(C)C)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(C(C)O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=O)N=C(O)C(COP(O)(O)=O)N=C(O)C(CCC(O)=N)N=C(O)C(N)CC1=CC=CC=C1 BECPQYXYKAMYBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021240 caseins Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 201000006549 dyspepsia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002366 lipolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N9/00—Enzymes; Proenzymes; Compositions thereof; Processes for preparing, activating, inhibiting, separating or purifying enzymes
- C12N9/14—Hydrolases (3)
- C12N9/16—Hydrolases (3) acting on ester bonds (3.1)
- C12N9/18—Carboxylic ester hydrolases (3.1.1)
- C12N9/20—Triglyceride splitting, e.g. by means of lipase
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K38/00—Medicinal preparations containing peptides
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
- Y10S435/814—Enzyme separation or purification
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Enzyme preparation rich in lipase is obtained by treating comminuted pancreas tissue with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloroform and one part butanol. The partly degreased tissue is then left standing at 0-4°C for 24 to 96 hours. Subsequently, it is degreased through treat-ment with acetone and is then dehydrated, which is followed by an extraction with a 5% aqueous ethanol solution. The extract is then mixed with acetone, the obtained precipitate is isolated and dried.
Enzyme preparation rich in lipase is obtained by treating comminuted pancreas tissue with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloroform and one part butanol. The partly degreased tissue is then left standing at 0-4°C for 24 to 96 hours. Subsequently, it is degreased through treat-ment with acetone and is then dehydrated, which is followed by an extraction with a 5% aqueous ethanol solution. The extract is then mixed with acetone, the obtained precipitate is isolated and dried.
Description
.
` The present invention relates to enzyme preparations : and, more particularly, to the preparation of pancreas enzyme rich in lipase. Lipase is identified by enzyme number 3.1.1.3.
in "Comprehensive ~iochemistry", Vol. 13, 1973, 3rd Edition, Florkin et al, Elsevier Pub. Co., New York.
It has been known for a long time that lipase-containing pancreas preparations may be used for the fermenta-tive cleavage of fats. Numerous publications describe the j~..,~
'- concentration of the lipase in such enzyme preparations. Among ~ 10 other possibilities, such preparations are used in the treatment ., .
of indigestion and the effects thereof, whose causes are based ' above all on an insufficient excretion of the pancreas or on .,; .
an insufficient production of the enzymes in question.
The enzyme preparations available commercially at the present time ordinarily exhibit lipase activities of 40 to 60 Willstatter units (WE~/g; a WE is an amount of enzyme . , , that splits 24% oil in 2.5 g olive oil in one hour under determined conditions. However, the activity values of such preparations are very frequently unsatisfactory for therapeutic use in man, according to medical experience, since the deficiency of lipase cannot be compensated with the customary doses of the preparations.
British Patent 1,328,202 discloses a process of preparing a pancreatin preparation possessing an activity higher than 3 x NF, in which connection NF indicates the minimal pancreastin activity of such preparations in relation to starch and casein, published by the National Formulary, XIIth Edition, of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. According to this process, the comminuted pancreas glands are subjected first of all to an autolysis in an aqueous alkaline medium at a temperature of 20 - 30C, prior to de-hydration and removal of fat with propyl or butyl alcohol.
~owever, the enzyme preparation obtained from the autolysed tissue material after such degreasing still exhibits a rela-~ A~ - 2 - ~ `
.
" 10474ZZ
.
tively low lipase activity.
Now, it has been unexpectedly found that a strong increase in activity especially of the lipase is obtained in the extract material when the autolysis is performed at low .:
temperatures after a partial degreasing and dehydration of i the comminuted pancrease-gland material and subsequent extrac-tion of the material. This could not have been expected, since in the process of the sritish Patent 1,328,202 it was possible to increase substantially the amylase activity through the stage of autolysis, but it was not possible to have such .. . .
an increase in the lipase activity.
According to the present invention, there is provided an improvement in the process of preparing an enzyme prepar-ation having a high content of lipase (enzyme number 3.1.1.3-) by comminution of pancreas tissue, autolysis, removal of fat and aqueous extraction of the tissue, and recovery of the enzyme from the aqueous extract, the improvement wherein the comminuted pancreas tissue is treated with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloroform and 1 part butanol, the :,. . .
partly degreased tissue is then left standing at 0-4C for ", 24 to 96 hours to effect the autolysis.
In a preferred embodiment, after autolysis, the tissue is degreased through treatment with acetone and is then de-, hydrated, which is followed by an extraction with a 5% aqueous - ethanol solution. The extract is then mixed with acetone, the obtained precipitate is isolated and dried.
Generally, the process of the invention is performed in such a manner that immediately after thawing the deep-cooled pancreas tissue is comminuted in a meat grinder or mixer together with a 9:1 mixture of chloroform and butanol. After the organic solvent is removed, the tissue is again treated with the same solvent mixture while being stirred and the ~' ' , -- ~474ZZ
solvent is again decanted, whereafter the still-moist residue is left standing at least for 24 hours, preferably 48 hours, in a cooler at 0-4C, for the purpose of performing the autolysis.
;`~ After the autolysis, the already largely degreased tissue material is stirred thoroughly twice with acetone and the solvent is separated in each case. For isolating the enzyme material which is rich in lipase, the dry tissue powder is repeatedly stirred with a mixture of water and ethanol.
.~' 10 .. . .
r .
.''' .
~, ~, .
, .i.
(volume ratio 95 : 5), the solutions separated from the tissue are combined and the precipitate is separated through addition of acetone and subsequent centrifugation of the so formed f. .
suspension. The precipitate is then treated with acetone and, . .; , subsequently, dried in vacuo. The obtained preparation is a fine gray-white powder possessing an unusually high lipase : , .
activity.
Since in the obtained water-alcohol extracts the :.~
enzyme already is present in a high degree of purity, such 5% alcohol extracts may also be employed in accordance with an :.,;
~`, embodiment of the process directly for the production of the lipase preparation, by subjecting the combined extracts to , .
, ~ freeze drying in which the enzyme preparation rich in lipase ~! .
~`~ is obtained in the form of dry, gray-white powder. The advantag~
~, 15 of this modification of the process is based on the fact that r~ .
recovery is simplified, i.e. the precipitation of the enzyme ,;; preparation with acetone and the isolation of the obtained , ,,~ .
~- precipitate through filtering or centrifugation are eliminated. -In addition to a great economy of time, this procedure especially results also in the saving of large amounts of acetone, whose recovery is rendered difficult because of the water content.
The activity of the lipase preparation thus obtained corresponds to that of the enzyme obtained through the precipitation with acetone.
The following working examples are offered illustratively:
1~474Z2 EXAMPLE
After thawing, 5.0 kg deep-cooled hog pancreas are ; freed of adhering fat, coarsely comminutedand homogenized with 5 1 of a mixture of chloroform-butanol (9 : 1) in a mixer or meat grinder. The formed organ paste is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, the chloroform-containing liquid phase . .
: is decanted off and the residue is then still stirred twice, , with 5 1 chloroform-butanol ~9 : l) in each case, for 30 minutes .: . .
at room temperature, and the solvent is decanted off in each case. The residue which is still moist is then left alone for .. , ~ .
48 hours at 0 - 4C. Subsequently, the organ paste, which is ~- thus largely degreased, is stirred thoroughly twice, with 2.5 1 acetone in each case, for 15 minutes, and the supernatant solution is decanted off in each case.
For extracting the ferments rich in lipase, the resultant entirely degreased paste is then stirred twice for :
30 minutes, with 2 1 of a mixture of water and ethanol (95 : 5) in each case, and the solution is filtered off subsequently.
~he separate water-ethanol extracts are combined and stirred wlth 5 1 acetone for 15 minutes at room temperature, for the ~ purpose of precipitating the pancreas ferments. After - - centrifugation to recover the precipitate, it is wahsed three : times with 1.6 1 acetone in each case. Then the washed pancreas -ferment precipitate is dried in vacuo and comminuted.
Yield: 450 g (9% in regard to the moist organ) of a yellowish powder having a lipase activity of 270 WE/g.
.. . .
. . " ' .'~ ~ ..
: ` :
1~47~ZZ
. . . .
~................................... .
Two kg of freeze-dried hog pancreas are extracted ~ three times for 30 minutes, with 5 1 chloroform-butanol (9 : 1) : in each case, while being stirred, and the solvent is decanted . .
off in each case. The moist residue is then left alone for 60 hours at 0 - 4C. In order to complete the degreasing, the material is then stirred twice for 15 minutes, with 2.5 1 acetone in each case, and filtered in each case from the solvent.
r~"' . For extracting the pancreas ferments, the degreased organ residue is treated twice for 30 minutes with 2 1 of a ~, - - - , .
mixture of water and ethanol (95 : 5) in each case, while tirred, the solution being filtered off in each case from the ~- residue. The combined water-ethanol extracts are stirred t'~ .
; with 5 1 acetone for 15 minutes at room temperature, and the i 15 resultant precipitated ferments rich in lipase are separated . .
by centrifugation. The precipitate is then washed three times ~;q with 1.6 1 acetone in each case, dried in vacuo and comminuted.
~ EXAMPLE 3 ;~ Three kg of deep-cooled hog pancreas is comminuted - 20 very finely in a meat grinder and homogenized in a mixer with 3.0 liter of a mixture of chloroform-butanol at 9:1 v/v. The corresponding organ paste is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, the chloroform-containing liquid phase is drained off and the residue is further stirred twice for 30 minutes at room temperature, in each case with 3.0 1 chloroform-butanol at 9:l v/v and the solvent is separated in each case. The i ~ . ~
. ~47~2Z
..
still-moist residue is then left alone for 48 hours at 4C and ..;
the largely degreased organ is subsequently again stirred . .. .
- twice for 15 minutes, in each case with 1.5 1 acetone and the supernatant solution is decanted off in each case.
, .
~ 5 In order to extract the pancreas ferments that are . .
rich in lipase, the entirely degreased material is stirred twice for 30 minutes, in each case with 1.5 liter of a mixture of water and ethanol at 95:5 v/v and the solution is then filtered through a metal screen. The combined water-ethanol extracts are freeze-dried to remove the solvent, using the following conditions: Thickness of liquid layer about 1 - 2 cm, initial temperature - 20C, final pressure 10-4 torr, final -temperature 20C. The dried porous material is comminuted and screened.
Yield: 365 g (12% in regard to the moist organ) of a light yellow powder having a lipase activity of about 250 Willstatter units/g, corresponding to 110 000 FIP units/g.
, . ~ .
,' A comparison of the pancreatin produced in accordance with the examples of the British Patent with a product prepared in accordance with the process of the present invention shows that, through the gentle autolysis of the present invention, without an addition of bases or acids, namely by merely standing aione for at least 24 hours at 0 - 4C and with the modified refining-concentration method, one obtains a pancreatin prepara-tion that possesses a substantially higher lipase activity.
lQ4742Z
Pancreatin preparation Lipase activity in WE/g produced in accordance with Example 1 of the British Patent 1,328,202 95 , 5 produced in accordance with the process of the present invention 240 , . The decisive role of the temperature at which the autolysis takes place follows clearly from the following table:
i'-. ' .
T A B L E
~ , .
.~- 10 Activity "
. Duration of autolysis Autolysis at Autolysis at in hours room temperature 0 - 4C
.: 0 100% 100%
, 24 97% 110%
: 48 52% 150%
1596 _ 140%
The following Table 2 shows the lipase activities of two commercial pancreatin preparations in comparison with the corresponding activities of the products rich in lipase, as obtained in accordance with the process of the present application, the lipase activities being determined by the method of Willstatter and Lazo-Wasem in Willstatter and Wilson units, respectively.
_g_ 1~474ZZ
, '`'`''' ~' T A B L E 2 .. '': _ .
.
''.~ ' Lipase activity Lipase activity '. Product in accordance in accordance .: with Willstatter with Lazo-Wasem ;:
'. _. . (in Wilson units) !' Commercial 4-NF-product 45 WE/g 2060 units/g ~' - Commercial 5/6-NF-product 56 WE/g 24S0 units/g v''~ 5 Product of the'invention 239.6 WE/g 8000 units/g ..... _ . . :, ., , ~ In these experiments the lipase activity was deter-'-, mined in accordance with Willstatter (Hoppe-Seylers 125 (1923) " 193) modified according to Vogel and Laeverenz (Hoppe-Seylers ':~
,,, . - .
' 234 (1935) 176), by foaming 2 - 3 mg of the pancreas prepara- :~
tion in 5 ml water and 2 ml NH3-NH4Cl-buffer of pH 9.2, then' -~
.
:s mixing in each case with 2 ml of (2.4%) egg albumen solution,' (1.6%) CaC12 solution and (1.6%) sodium oleate solution and finally adding to 2.5 g olive oil. The preparation was ' vigorously shaken for a few seconds and then mixed thoroughly ~ . 15 in a magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 30C. Then the cleavage ' -~ -was interrupted by adding 100 ml ethanol and, after the addition ' of 20 ml ether and 12 drops of 1% alcoholic thymolphthalein 'solution, the material was titrated to blue color with 0.5 n '' alcoholic KOH. From the consumption of lye thus determined, ' 20 one substracts the consumption of the blank test that is started -simultaneously with the main test, with the difference that the . olive oil is added only after the addition of alcohol and ether, .
"
,' ' , ' ' ' ~ . : .
. ~ .
i.e., shortly before the titration. From the percentage of cleavage thus obtained, the corresponding lipase units are ~- calculated by means of an empirically determined calibration ~ .
curve. The Willstatter units (WE)/g are obtained by multiplying the lipase units with the factor 1000 ` mg weight-in amount When the lipase is determined in accordance with ~ E.A. Lazo-Wasem ~J. of Pharm. Sciences 50 (1961) 999], the .... ~ .
olive oil is treated with the enzyme preparation for 30 minutes at 37C and at a pH value of 7.8 while beef gall is added.
v~ 10 After the acidification the split-off fatty acids are extracted with benzene and titrated with phenolphthalein as indicator.
~-i It turns out that the lipase activities of the enzyme preparations of the invention are situated far above the values ., .
of the commercial pancreatin products in accordance with both methods of determination. Stability tests have shown that the high lipase activities on which the novel enzyme preparations -of the present invention are based do not show practically any change when stored for several months at room temperature.
It is particularly important that the novel pancreatin preparations of the present invention are not only strongly ~; enriched in regard to lipolytic enzymes but, even if to a .
lesser extent, also exhibit an increase in protease and amylase activities in relation to the customary commercial pancreatins.
In the following Table 3, the protease, amylase and esterase ',J 25 activities of the pancreatins of the invention are compared with a commercial 5/6-NF-product.
1~4742Z
i.', ~o W ~.
,", ~ ~ _, ~
,~ s~ ~ ta g ~
~ C ^ h ~,q c7 :, . ~ cdo~ J- ~ _I
: u e ~ 3 3 ~ ~
.`~. U U~ q U~
. 1 C~ J- O C~1 .. . ~ 3 aJ ~ g ~ ~ O h O J- ~ ~
:. a~ O N a1 ~- ~ h ~I u ta u 1~ u -.- h t~ ~ ~J
'., ~ W ~ o O C
. 0 C ~ U~ CO C~
., 1~ ' _I ~ O
., C U
.- ~ ~ e ~ ~o : :~
,~ S ~D ~ ~q ~q . ~ ~ ~O J~ J~
. . ~ _, ~ ~ .
3 1-1~ol_1 ~ ~ _1 :
u ~ o ~ b -b , . a u ~ . s u~
h ~1 ~,~D ~ Ct~
a) o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
.~ ta u C O :1: ~ 1`_I O
~ t~ h Q, ~ ~ e ., , _l ~ a) a o e c s ~4 . _ .; .S;_I æ~ _, _, o .. ~ . .
~ U, ~f . ~ . ~ JJ U
; ` . 3 ~ _1 ~C ~ ~ u ., - U {~ ~O h ~ ~1 J u~ . U J
: . ~ ~I h P~ ~ ~ ~
:. . U~ 0 1: ~ U U
. ~d U 5 a u ~ 5 C'- u :.' . o C~ O ~ I~ - C
.",: S~ C X Ul g ~
~ ~ æ ~ c~. _~ _ ~
. ' 'a>c~ ' o he ~
ra 4~
,. . h O ~ O
-.~ ~ Z ,1 ~:: 8 S
" U I ~ ~ ~
u~ ~ . h ~~ a) .
OS~ ~
C~ +
- r~
.
.
474~:Z
, ., ~ .
It is clear that the process of the invention ' strongly enriches especially the lipase activity.
,.
~ It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that , ~.: various changes may be made without departing from the scope ~ ' .
~ 5of the invention and the invention is not to be considered ... .
"rlimited to what is shown and described in the specification.
.
,, . .
.
.. .
.
, :
.
.~, , ..
,' .
,.;'' , ~................ .
-.
, .
.
!. . , ~ .
` The present invention relates to enzyme preparations : and, more particularly, to the preparation of pancreas enzyme rich in lipase. Lipase is identified by enzyme number 3.1.1.3.
in "Comprehensive ~iochemistry", Vol. 13, 1973, 3rd Edition, Florkin et al, Elsevier Pub. Co., New York.
It has been known for a long time that lipase-containing pancreas preparations may be used for the fermenta-tive cleavage of fats. Numerous publications describe the j~..,~
'- concentration of the lipase in such enzyme preparations. Among ~ 10 other possibilities, such preparations are used in the treatment ., .
of indigestion and the effects thereof, whose causes are based ' above all on an insufficient excretion of the pancreas or on .,; .
an insufficient production of the enzymes in question.
The enzyme preparations available commercially at the present time ordinarily exhibit lipase activities of 40 to 60 Willstatter units (WE~/g; a WE is an amount of enzyme . , , that splits 24% oil in 2.5 g olive oil in one hour under determined conditions. However, the activity values of such preparations are very frequently unsatisfactory for therapeutic use in man, according to medical experience, since the deficiency of lipase cannot be compensated with the customary doses of the preparations.
British Patent 1,328,202 discloses a process of preparing a pancreatin preparation possessing an activity higher than 3 x NF, in which connection NF indicates the minimal pancreastin activity of such preparations in relation to starch and casein, published by the National Formulary, XIIth Edition, of the American Pharmaceutical Association, Washington, D.C., U.S.A. According to this process, the comminuted pancreas glands are subjected first of all to an autolysis in an aqueous alkaline medium at a temperature of 20 - 30C, prior to de-hydration and removal of fat with propyl or butyl alcohol.
~owever, the enzyme preparation obtained from the autolysed tissue material after such degreasing still exhibits a rela-~ A~ - 2 - ~ `
.
" 10474ZZ
.
tively low lipase activity.
Now, it has been unexpectedly found that a strong increase in activity especially of the lipase is obtained in the extract material when the autolysis is performed at low .:
temperatures after a partial degreasing and dehydration of i the comminuted pancrease-gland material and subsequent extrac-tion of the material. This could not have been expected, since in the process of the sritish Patent 1,328,202 it was possible to increase substantially the amylase activity through the stage of autolysis, but it was not possible to have such .. . .
an increase in the lipase activity.
According to the present invention, there is provided an improvement in the process of preparing an enzyme prepar-ation having a high content of lipase (enzyme number 3.1.1.3-) by comminution of pancreas tissue, autolysis, removal of fat and aqueous extraction of the tissue, and recovery of the enzyme from the aqueous extract, the improvement wherein the comminuted pancreas tissue is treated with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloroform and 1 part butanol, the :,. . .
partly degreased tissue is then left standing at 0-4C for ", 24 to 96 hours to effect the autolysis.
In a preferred embodiment, after autolysis, the tissue is degreased through treatment with acetone and is then de-, hydrated, which is followed by an extraction with a 5% aqueous - ethanol solution. The extract is then mixed with acetone, the obtained precipitate is isolated and dried.
Generally, the process of the invention is performed in such a manner that immediately after thawing the deep-cooled pancreas tissue is comminuted in a meat grinder or mixer together with a 9:1 mixture of chloroform and butanol. After the organic solvent is removed, the tissue is again treated with the same solvent mixture while being stirred and the ~' ' , -- ~474ZZ
solvent is again decanted, whereafter the still-moist residue is left standing at least for 24 hours, preferably 48 hours, in a cooler at 0-4C, for the purpose of performing the autolysis.
;`~ After the autolysis, the already largely degreased tissue material is stirred thoroughly twice with acetone and the solvent is separated in each case. For isolating the enzyme material which is rich in lipase, the dry tissue powder is repeatedly stirred with a mixture of water and ethanol.
.~' 10 .. . .
r .
.''' .
~, ~, .
, .i.
(volume ratio 95 : 5), the solutions separated from the tissue are combined and the precipitate is separated through addition of acetone and subsequent centrifugation of the so formed f. .
suspension. The precipitate is then treated with acetone and, . .; , subsequently, dried in vacuo. The obtained preparation is a fine gray-white powder possessing an unusually high lipase : , .
activity.
Since in the obtained water-alcohol extracts the :.~
enzyme already is present in a high degree of purity, such 5% alcohol extracts may also be employed in accordance with an :.,;
~`, embodiment of the process directly for the production of the lipase preparation, by subjecting the combined extracts to , .
, ~ freeze drying in which the enzyme preparation rich in lipase ~! .
~`~ is obtained in the form of dry, gray-white powder. The advantag~
~, 15 of this modification of the process is based on the fact that r~ .
recovery is simplified, i.e. the precipitation of the enzyme ,;; preparation with acetone and the isolation of the obtained , ,,~ .
~- precipitate through filtering or centrifugation are eliminated. -In addition to a great economy of time, this procedure especially results also in the saving of large amounts of acetone, whose recovery is rendered difficult because of the water content.
The activity of the lipase preparation thus obtained corresponds to that of the enzyme obtained through the precipitation with acetone.
The following working examples are offered illustratively:
1~474Z2 EXAMPLE
After thawing, 5.0 kg deep-cooled hog pancreas are ; freed of adhering fat, coarsely comminutedand homogenized with 5 1 of a mixture of chloroform-butanol (9 : 1) in a mixer or meat grinder. The formed organ paste is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, the chloroform-containing liquid phase . .
: is decanted off and the residue is then still stirred twice, , with 5 1 chloroform-butanol ~9 : l) in each case, for 30 minutes .: . .
at room temperature, and the solvent is decanted off in each case. The residue which is still moist is then left alone for .. , ~ .
48 hours at 0 - 4C. Subsequently, the organ paste, which is ~- thus largely degreased, is stirred thoroughly twice, with 2.5 1 acetone in each case, for 15 minutes, and the supernatant solution is decanted off in each case.
For extracting the ferments rich in lipase, the resultant entirely degreased paste is then stirred twice for :
30 minutes, with 2 1 of a mixture of water and ethanol (95 : 5) in each case, and the solution is filtered off subsequently.
~he separate water-ethanol extracts are combined and stirred wlth 5 1 acetone for 15 minutes at room temperature, for the ~ purpose of precipitating the pancreas ferments. After - - centrifugation to recover the precipitate, it is wahsed three : times with 1.6 1 acetone in each case. Then the washed pancreas -ferment precipitate is dried in vacuo and comminuted.
Yield: 450 g (9% in regard to the moist organ) of a yellowish powder having a lipase activity of 270 WE/g.
.. . .
. . " ' .'~ ~ ..
: ` :
1~47~ZZ
. . . .
~................................... .
Two kg of freeze-dried hog pancreas are extracted ~ three times for 30 minutes, with 5 1 chloroform-butanol (9 : 1) : in each case, while being stirred, and the solvent is decanted . .
off in each case. The moist residue is then left alone for 60 hours at 0 - 4C. In order to complete the degreasing, the material is then stirred twice for 15 minutes, with 2.5 1 acetone in each case, and filtered in each case from the solvent.
r~"' . For extracting the pancreas ferments, the degreased organ residue is treated twice for 30 minutes with 2 1 of a ~, - - - , .
mixture of water and ethanol (95 : 5) in each case, while tirred, the solution being filtered off in each case from the ~- residue. The combined water-ethanol extracts are stirred t'~ .
; with 5 1 acetone for 15 minutes at room temperature, and the i 15 resultant precipitated ferments rich in lipase are separated . .
by centrifugation. The precipitate is then washed three times ~;q with 1.6 1 acetone in each case, dried in vacuo and comminuted.
~ EXAMPLE 3 ;~ Three kg of deep-cooled hog pancreas is comminuted - 20 very finely in a meat grinder and homogenized in a mixer with 3.0 liter of a mixture of chloroform-butanol at 9:1 v/v. The corresponding organ paste is stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature, the chloroform-containing liquid phase is drained off and the residue is further stirred twice for 30 minutes at room temperature, in each case with 3.0 1 chloroform-butanol at 9:l v/v and the solvent is separated in each case. The i ~ . ~
. ~47~2Z
..
still-moist residue is then left alone for 48 hours at 4C and ..;
the largely degreased organ is subsequently again stirred . .. .
- twice for 15 minutes, in each case with 1.5 1 acetone and the supernatant solution is decanted off in each case.
, .
~ 5 In order to extract the pancreas ferments that are . .
rich in lipase, the entirely degreased material is stirred twice for 30 minutes, in each case with 1.5 liter of a mixture of water and ethanol at 95:5 v/v and the solution is then filtered through a metal screen. The combined water-ethanol extracts are freeze-dried to remove the solvent, using the following conditions: Thickness of liquid layer about 1 - 2 cm, initial temperature - 20C, final pressure 10-4 torr, final -temperature 20C. The dried porous material is comminuted and screened.
Yield: 365 g (12% in regard to the moist organ) of a light yellow powder having a lipase activity of about 250 Willstatter units/g, corresponding to 110 000 FIP units/g.
, . ~ .
,' A comparison of the pancreatin produced in accordance with the examples of the British Patent with a product prepared in accordance with the process of the present invention shows that, through the gentle autolysis of the present invention, without an addition of bases or acids, namely by merely standing aione for at least 24 hours at 0 - 4C and with the modified refining-concentration method, one obtains a pancreatin prepara-tion that possesses a substantially higher lipase activity.
lQ4742Z
Pancreatin preparation Lipase activity in WE/g produced in accordance with Example 1 of the British Patent 1,328,202 95 , 5 produced in accordance with the process of the present invention 240 , . The decisive role of the temperature at which the autolysis takes place follows clearly from the following table:
i'-. ' .
T A B L E
~ , .
.~- 10 Activity "
. Duration of autolysis Autolysis at Autolysis at in hours room temperature 0 - 4C
.: 0 100% 100%
, 24 97% 110%
: 48 52% 150%
1596 _ 140%
The following Table 2 shows the lipase activities of two commercial pancreatin preparations in comparison with the corresponding activities of the products rich in lipase, as obtained in accordance with the process of the present application, the lipase activities being determined by the method of Willstatter and Lazo-Wasem in Willstatter and Wilson units, respectively.
_g_ 1~474ZZ
, '`'`''' ~' T A B L E 2 .. '': _ .
.
''.~ ' Lipase activity Lipase activity '. Product in accordance in accordance .: with Willstatter with Lazo-Wasem ;:
'. _. . (in Wilson units) !' Commercial 4-NF-product 45 WE/g 2060 units/g ~' - Commercial 5/6-NF-product 56 WE/g 24S0 units/g v''~ 5 Product of the'invention 239.6 WE/g 8000 units/g ..... _ . . :, ., , ~ In these experiments the lipase activity was deter-'-, mined in accordance with Willstatter (Hoppe-Seylers 125 (1923) " 193) modified according to Vogel and Laeverenz (Hoppe-Seylers ':~
,,, . - .
' 234 (1935) 176), by foaming 2 - 3 mg of the pancreas prepara- :~
tion in 5 ml water and 2 ml NH3-NH4Cl-buffer of pH 9.2, then' -~
.
:s mixing in each case with 2 ml of (2.4%) egg albumen solution,' (1.6%) CaC12 solution and (1.6%) sodium oleate solution and finally adding to 2.5 g olive oil. The preparation was ' vigorously shaken for a few seconds and then mixed thoroughly ~ . 15 in a magnetic stirrer for 60 minutes at 30C. Then the cleavage ' -~ -was interrupted by adding 100 ml ethanol and, after the addition ' of 20 ml ether and 12 drops of 1% alcoholic thymolphthalein 'solution, the material was titrated to blue color with 0.5 n '' alcoholic KOH. From the consumption of lye thus determined, ' 20 one substracts the consumption of the blank test that is started -simultaneously with the main test, with the difference that the . olive oil is added only after the addition of alcohol and ether, .
"
,' ' , ' ' ' ~ . : .
. ~ .
i.e., shortly before the titration. From the percentage of cleavage thus obtained, the corresponding lipase units are ~- calculated by means of an empirically determined calibration ~ .
curve. The Willstatter units (WE)/g are obtained by multiplying the lipase units with the factor 1000 ` mg weight-in amount When the lipase is determined in accordance with ~ E.A. Lazo-Wasem ~J. of Pharm. Sciences 50 (1961) 999], the .... ~ .
olive oil is treated with the enzyme preparation for 30 minutes at 37C and at a pH value of 7.8 while beef gall is added.
v~ 10 After the acidification the split-off fatty acids are extracted with benzene and titrated with phenolphthalein as indicator.
~-i It turns out that the lipase activities of the enzyme preparations of the invention are situated far above the values ., .
of the commercial pancreatin products in accordance with both methods of determination. Stability tests have shown that the high lipase activities on which the novel enzyme preparations -of the present invention are based do not show practically any change when stored for several months at room temperature.
It is particularly important that the novel pancreatin preparations of the present invention are not only strongly ~; enriched in regard to lipolytic enzymes but, even if to a .
lesser extent, also exhibit an increase in protease and amylase activities in relation to the customary commercial pancreatins.
In the following Table 3, the protease, amylase and esterase ',J 25 activities of the pancreatins of the invention are compared with a commercial 5/6-NF-product.
1~4742Z
i.', ~o W ~.
,", ~ ~ _, ~
,~ s~ ~ ta g ~
~ C ^ h ~,q c7 :, . ~ cdo~ J- ~ _I
: u e ~ 3 3 ~ ~
.`~. U U~ q U~
. 1 C~ J- O C~1 .. . ~ 3 aJ ~ g ~ ~ O h O J- ~ ~
:. a~ O N a1 ~- ~ h ~I u ta u 1~ u -.- h t~ ~ ~J
'., ~ W ~ o O C
. 0 C ~ U~ CO C~
., 1~ ' _I ~ O
., C U
.- ~ ~ e ~ ~o : :~
,~ S ~D ~ ~q ~q . ~ ~ ~O J~ J~
. . ~ _, ~ ~ .
3 1-1~ol_1 ~ ~ _1 :
u ~ o ~ b -b , . a u ~ . s u~
h ~1 ~,~D ~ Ct~
a) o ~ ~ ~ ~ ~
.~ ta u C O :1: ~ 1`_I O
~ t~ h Q, ~ ~ e ., , _l ~ a) a o e c s ~4 . _ .; .S;_I æ~ _, _, o .. ~ . .
~ U, ~f . ~ . ~ JJ U
; ` . 3 ~ _1 ~C ~ ~ u ., - U {~ ~O h ~ ~1 J u~ . U J
: . ~ ~I h P~ ~ ~ ~
:. . U~ 0 1: ~ U U
. ~d U 5 a u ~ 5 C'- u :.' . o C~ O ~ I~ - C
.",: S~ C X Ul g ~
~ ~ æ ~ c~. _~ _ ~
. ' 'a>c~ ' o he ~
ra 4~
,. . h O ~ O
-.~ ~ Z ,1 ~:: 8 S
" U I ~ ~ ~
u~ ~ . h ~~ a) .
OS~ ~
C~ +
- r~
.
.
474~:Z
, ., ~ .
It is clear that the process of the invention ' strongly enriches especially the lipase activity.
,.
~ It will be obvious to those skilled in the art that , ~.: various changes may be made without departing from the scope ~ ' .
~ 5of the invention and the invention is not to be considered ... .
"rlimited to what is shown and described in the specification.
.
,, . .
.
.. .
.
, :
.
.~, , ..
,' .
,.;'' , ~................ .
-.
, .
.
!. . , ~ .
Claims (4)
1. In a process of preparing an enzyme preparation rich in lipase (enzyme number 3.1.1.3.) by comminution of pancreas tissue, autolysis, removal of fat and aqueous extraction of the tissue, and recovery of the enzyme from the aqueous extract, the improvement wherein:
the comminuted pancreas tissue is first partially degreased with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloro-form and 1 part by volume butanol, then the partially degreased tissue material is left standing for 24-96 hours at 0-4° to effect autolysis, and then after said aqueous extraction, said recovery is carried out.
the comminuted pancreas tissue is first partially degreased with a mixture of about 9 parts by volume of chloro-form and 1 part by volume butanol, then the partially degreased tissue material is left standing for 24-96 hours at 0-4° to effect autolysis, and then after said aqueous extraction, said recovery is carried out.
2. A process in accordance with claim 1, wherein after said autolysis the tissue is degreased with acetone and de-hydrated, whereafter extraction is performed with 5% aqueous ethanol solution and the dry enzyme preparation is recovered from the extract.
3. A process as in claim 1, wherein the partly degreased tissue is left standing for 48 hours at 0-4°C.
4. A process in accordance with claim 1, wherein following said aqueous extraction, said recovery is affected by freeze drying the aqueous extract.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19742408379 DE2408379C3 (en) | 1974-02-21 | Process for the production of a lipase-rich enzyme preparation from pancreatic tissue | |
DE19752505887 DE2505887C3 (en) | 1975-01-30 | 1975-01-30 | Process for the production of a lipase-rich enzyme preparation |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1047422A true CA1047422A (en) | 1979-01-30 |
Family
ID=25766672
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA219,898A Expired CA1047422A (en) | 1974-02-21 | 1975-02-12 | Process of manufacturing enzyme preparation rich in lipase |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US3925158A (en) |
JP (1) | JPS5328514B2 (en) |
AT (1) | AT338415B (en) |
CA (1) | CA1047422A (en) |
CH (1) | CH623848A5 (en) |
DK (1) | DK136728C (en) |
ES (1) | ES434840A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2262045B1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB1454983A (en) |
NL (1) | NL7501945A (en) |
PH (1) | PH11983A (en) |
SE (1) | SE424086B (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4088539A (en) * | 1976-05-07 | 1978-05-09 | A. Nattermann & Cie Gmbh | Process of manufacturing enzyme preparation rich in lipase |
SE454566B (en) * | 1984-04-24 | 1988-05-16 | Lars G I Hellgren | PHARMACEUTICAL COMPOSITION CONTAINING AN ACTIVE AMOUNT OF WATER-SOLUBLE PROTEINASES EXTRACTED FROM A WATER-LIVING ANIMAL SELECTED BY THE EUPHAUSIACEAE OR GENERAL MALLOTUS |
US5288619A (en) * | 1989-12-18 | 1994-02-22 | Kraft General Foods, Inc. | Enzymatic method for preparing transesterified oils |
GB2404885B (en) * | 2003-08-12 | 2006-03-01 | Mi Llc | Electrical treatment for oil based drilling or completion fluids |
TWI764208B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2022-05-11 | 台灣中油股份有限公司 | Cleaning composition and use thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
GB1328202A (en) * | 1969-06-17 | 1973-08-30 | Union International Co Ltd | Manufacture of pancreatin |
-
1975
- 1975-02-12 CA CA219,898A patent/CA1047422A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-18 US US550641A patent/US3925158A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1975-02-19 ES ES434840A patent/ES434840A1/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-19 FR FR7505115A patent/FR2262045B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1975-02-19 NL NL7501945A patent/NL7501945A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1975-02-19 SE SE7501873A patent/SE424086B/en unknown
- 1975-02-20 CH CH212475A patent/CH623848A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-20 GB GB724675A patent/GB1454983A/en not_active Expired
- 1975-02-21 JP JP2107575A patent/JPS5328514B2/ja not_active Expired
- 1975-02-21 PH PH16828A patent/PH11983A/en unknown
- 1975-02-21 AT AT136075A patent/AT338415B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1975-02-21 DK DK68275A patent/DK136728C/en active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH623848A5 (en) | 1981-06-30 |
DK136728C (en) | 1978-04-24 |
SE7501873L (en) | 1975-08-22 |
DK68275A (en) | 1975-10-13 |
DK136728B (en) | 1977-11-14 |
AT338415B (en) | 1977-08-25 |
NL7501945A (en) | 1975-08-25 |
ATA136075A (en) | 1976-12-15 |
JPS50123872A (en) | 1975-09-29 |
JPS5328514B2 (en) | 1978-08-15 |
ES434840A1 (en) | 1976-12-16 |
US3925158A (en) | 1975-12-09 |
SE424086B (en) | 1982-06-28 |
FR2262045B1 (en) | 1978-08-18 |
PH11983A (en) | 1978-10-04 |
GB1454983A (en) | 1976-11-10 |
FR2262045A1 (en) | 1975-09-19 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
EP0805630B1 (en) | Flax preparation, its use and production | |
CN110564714A (en) | Animal fat enzymolysis composition, enzymolysis method and application thereof | |
CA1047422A (en) | Process of manufacturing enzyme preparation rich in lipase | |
CN110904175A (en) | Method for extracting bovine bone active peptide | |
US3944655A (en) | Process of preparing food products from bones | |
JPH0211234B2 (en) | ||
US2488564A (en) | Preparation of hyaluronidase | |
US2340318A (en) | Process of fractionating mixtures of bacterial origin | |
CN106188329A (en) | The extracting method of a kind of scallop polysaccharide and goods | |
US3783099A (en) | Xanthophyllic extraction process | |
US6030649A (en) | Process for treating pre-dried animal meal | |
US2922749A (en) | Enzymes | |
DE2460334C3 (en) | Process for obtaining insulin and pancreatin from porcine pancreas | |
Crowe et al. | SOLUBILISATION OF NITROGENOUS CONSTITUENTS OF BREWERS'SPENT GRAIN | |
DE2509482C2 (en) | Process for the preparation of the kallikrein trypsin inhibitor from bovine lung | |
Nikuni | On the Formation of Lysolecithin from Egg–yolk Lecithin by Pancreas Extract | |
US2206622A (en) | Process of degrading protein products | |
US2506877A (en) | Recovery of proteolytic proenzymes | |
US2637680A (en) | Method for the extraction of insulin as well as enzymes from pancreas | |
US2794800A (en) | Preparation of antitryptic substance from soybean | |
Thorpe | Experiments on the chemical nature of the oxytocic principle of the pituitary gland | |
US3969338A (en) | Protein obtained from cakes of vegetable origin | |
Johnston | Some characteristics of the enzymes of the pyloric caeca of cod and haddock | |
DE2408379C3 (en) | Process for the production of a lipase-rich enzyme preparation from pancreatic tissue | |
IL35986A (en) | Amylase inhibitor,its production and use |