CA1047343A - Solar energy collection system - Google Patents
Solar energy collection systemInfo
- Publication number
- CA1047343A CA1047343A CA293,819A CA293819A CA1047343A CA 1047343 A CA1047343 A CA 1047343A CA 293819 A CA293819 A CA 293819A CA 1047343 A CA1047343 A CA 1047343A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- collector
- tube
- envelope
- concentration ratio
- transparent surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A solar energy collection system utilizes a series of modular solar collectors. Each modular solar collector comprises a plurality of parallel elongate envelopes through which passes a single fluid flow pipe in alternate directions in adjacent envelopes. An ideal or nearly ideal reflector surface is provided in each envelope to reflect and focus incident light on the fluid flow pipe.
A solar energy collection system utilizes a series of modular solar collectors. Each modular solar collector comprises a plurality of parallel elongate envelopes through which passes a single fluid flow pipe in alternate directions in adjacent envelopes. An ideal or nearly ideal reflector surface is provided in each envelope to reflect and focus incident light on the fluid flow pipe.
Description
73~3 The present invention relates to a solar energy collection system.
In our prior Canadian patent application Serial No. 275~382, there is described a solar energy collector comprising an outer evacuated envelope having an upper transparent surface to admit light rays to the envelope and a two-way tube extending in the envelope from one end thereof towards the other and having a selectively absorbing surface for selectively absorbing energy having predetermined wavelengths and rejecting other wavelengths.
An elongate reflector surface is located internally of the envelope and is arranged to reflect light received through the upper transparent surface onto the two-way tube.
The locus of the reflector surface is designed to ~chieve maximum efficiency and is the shape required to ensure that all incident rays received into the envelope through the upper transparent surface within the acceptance angle determined by the equation:
C = 1 sin~
where C is the concentration ratio (i.e., the ratio of the transverse width of the upper transparent surface to the outer circumference of the tube) and ~ is the acceptance .
angle,~are concentrated on the two-way tube while rays outside the acceptance angle are reflected.
The system provided in accordance with our prior invention iq highly efficient but suffers from the drawbacks that it possesses a high evacuated volume per unit area of collector and each individual collector requires its own connection with a manifold conveying fluid to be heated and heated fluid.
In our prior Canadian patent application Serial No. 275~382, there is described a solar energy collector comprising an outer evacuated envelope having an upper transparent surface to admit light rays to the envelope and a two-way tube extending in the envelope from one end thereof towards the other and having a selectively absorbing surface for selectively absorbing energy having predetermined wavelengths and rejecting other wavelengths.
An elongate reflector surface is located internally of the envelope and is arranged to reflect light received through the upper transparent surface onto the two-way tube.
The locus of the reflector surface is designed to ~chieve maximum efficiency and is the shape required to ensure that all incident rays received into the envelope through the upper transparent surface within the acceptance angle determined by the equation:
C = 1 sin~
where C is the concentration ratio (i.e., the ratio of the transverse width of the upper transparent surface to the outer circumference of the tube) and ~ is the acceptance .
angle,~are concentrated on the two-way tube while rays outside the acceptance angle are reflected.
The system provided in accordance with our prior invention iq highly efficient but suffers from the drawbacks that it possesses a high evacuated volume per unit area of collector and each individual collector requires its own connection with a manifold conveying fluid to be heated and heated fluid.
- 2 -.
3~3 : In accordance with the present invention, these prior art difficulties are overcome by providing a modular solar collector comprising a plurality of parallel collector envelopes through which passes a single flow pipe in alter-nate directions in adjacent envelopes.
The invention is described further, by way of illustration, with re~erence to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view with parts broken away for clarity of a solar energy collection system comprising a single central manifold and a plurality of collector modules provided on opposite sides of the central manifold;
Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure l; . .
Figure 3 is a sectional view similar to Figure 2 of a modified form of collector;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a detail o~ the collector;
Figure 5 is a close up detail of another portion of :~
the collector; and Figures 6 and 7 are perspective views of two alternate fluid flow arrangements through the modular collectors.
Referring to the drawings, a solar energy collection ~ ~:
system 10 comprises a plurality of collector modules 12 :
connected to a central elongate manifold 14.
The collector modules 12 and the elongate manifold 14 may be supported on a suitable support structure, such -as, a building roo~, as illustrated in our copending application descrlbed above. The number of modules 12 : - 3 - `
3~3 associated with each manifcld 14 may vary widely, as may the number of manifolds 14 provided in a particular heating system.
Each module 1~ comprises a plurality of individual collectors 16. The individual collectors 16 have an internal reflector surface 18 formed on a lower body portion 20. The reflectorsurface 18 may be provided by a thin film o silver or other convenient highly reflective ma-terial.
The shape of the reflector surface 18 is described in detail below. An upper transparent cover 22 and end caps 24 enclose an evacuated space 25 in each individual collector 16.
The individual collectors 16 are integrally joined : :
together in each module 12 and are comprised of an integrally-formed lower body member made up of body portions 20 and an integrally-formed cover member made up of covers 22.
The cover member is sealingly joined to the lower body member. The transverse width of the body portions 20 at their upper extremity is maintained at a low value to minimize the non-light receiving area of the module 12.
The evacuated spaces 25 may be individually evacuated, or more preferably, fluid flow connection is provided between the individual evacuated spaces throughout the module, so that the whole internal volume of the module may be evacuated in a single operation.
- The lower body portion 20 preferably is constructed of vitreous ceramic material formed rom clay and vario~s fluxes while the cover 22 preferably is constructed of glass~ Vitreous ceramic materials are inexpensiv~ and readily available, and can be formed into shaped objects by molding or extr~sion, making them ideal for formation ~ _ 4 _ of integral molded or extruded lower boay portion.
Through the plurality of collectors 16 passes a single 1uid flow pipe 26 by which fluid ~o be heated in the module 12 passes successively through the plurality of collectors from an inlet-outlet pipe 28 consisting of paral~ .
lel concentric tubes which connects the module 12 to the manifol~ 14. As a result ~f this arrangement, fluid flows successively in opposite directions in adjaoent collectors 16.
~ he tube 26 is supported at the appropriate location in each of the collectors.16 by sprung wires 28 wound round the tube 26 and having their eIlds 30 located in elongate grooves 32 fonmed in the base of the body portion 20.
The use of the sprung wires 28`to support the tube 26 also ~ -serves to minimize conducti~e heat losses between the tube 26 and ~he body portion 20 in each collector 16.
The outer surface of the tube 26 has a coating layer thereon of a material, such as, chrome black, which selectively absorbs energy of a certain wavelength generally about 3 x 10-7tO about 3 x 10 6 meters, while ~0 not absorbing other wavelengths. The use of a selectively absorbant material.coating in this way minimizes heat lo~ses from the tube 26 through radiation.
Alternatively, at least the outer wall of the tube 26 may be ~ormed of a material which will act as a selective : absorber, such.as, a black ceramic material.
By utili2ing the modular approach illustrated in the dra~ingsi the individual collectors 16 may be diminished in aimension with respect to t~ose described in our earlier application, so that or the same temperature rise of fluid, the evacuated space per unit ar~a can be considexably decreased. Modules 12 may be formed of any desired number - : ; .
of individual collectors 16 commensurate with the temperature rise desired during passage of fluid therethrough.
Referring to the individual collectors 16, the concentration ratio (C) refers to the relative dimensions of the radiation-receiving portion and radiation-absorbing portion of the collectorl5, while the acceptance angle (~) refers to the angle within which all rays entering the collector 16 through the radiation-receiving portion are absorbed by the radiation-ab6orbing portion of the collector while rays entering the collector through the radiation-receiving portion outside that angle are reflected.
Referring to Figure 3, the concentration ratio (C) o~ the collector 16 is determined by the ratio:
C = Entrance Aperture Width - A
Absorber Tube Circumference 2~ R
The acceptance angIe (~ is the angle to the axis (~) within which all rays entering the collector 16 through the upper , surface 22 are absorbed by tube 26 while rays outside that angle are re1ected back without being absorbed. The ~0 limiting condition or acceptance of rays for absorption is a ray which is reflected by the reflecting surface 18 to pass tangentially to the tube 26, as illustrated.
In a collector 16 of maximum efficiency~ the acceptance angle (~) is determ,in~d by the concentration ratio (C), in accordance with the equation:
C = 1 sin~ ' and the locus of the reflecting surface 18 of the collector 16 is the shape corresponding to ~hat equation.
It will be seen from the above equations that, as the concentration ratio (C) increases, the acceptance angle (B) decreases. The value of the acceptance angle will determine the length of time during a given day when the collector 16 will absorb light rays, assuming that the collector 16 is located in a fixed relationship with respect to the sun movement. The value of the concentration ratio will determine the temperature rise attainable in the tube 26 during the time that rays are accepted within the acceptance angle, with an increase in concentration ..
ratio leading to an increase in temperature under otherwise fixed conditions.
The minimum concentration ratio is about 0~5 and the upper limit of concentration ratio for a fixed location system is about 10. If the collector module 12 is mounted to track the sun.'s movement on a dail~ basis or if the ~;~
sun's rays aan be concentrated within the narrow acceptance angle which exis~s at these high concentration ratios, then the concentration ratio may exceed 10, although it will rarely exceed 50.
Pre~erably, the concentration ratio is about 1.0 to about 3.0, most preferably about 1~5 to about 2.0, which provides a good balance of acceptance angle and concentra-tion ratio, 50 that the collector 16 has a sufficiently wide acceptance angle to absorb rays over a long period of daylight hours, while at the same time providing a good heating effect on the fluid flowing through the collector ! .
: : 16.
If the physical height of the body porkion 20 is : decreased withouk otherwise altering the shape of the reflector, as shown in the modification of Figure 3 wherein i the dotted outline represents the locus at maximum efficiency and the solid outline with cover 22A represents the decreased height body, the concentration ratio is decreased i'3~3 and this leads to a less than maxim~m efficiency of collector 16. Since, however, the upper portion of the reflecting surface 18 adjacent the upper surface 22 is almo.st parallel and has only a minor effect on the rays which are absorbed by the tube 26, the loss of efficiency need only be minor, while the material saving achieved thereby may be considerable.
Generally, when the truncated form of body 20 is adopted, ~he concentration ratio (C) is always maintained gFeater than about ~.5~ The maximum loss of eficiency from ideal conditions is about 25%, while preferably the loss of efficiency tolerated on truncation is less than about 10%.
The collectors 16 also each may achieve a photo-\ voltaic function by producing an electrical output from I collected solar energy. ~he tube 26 may be coated with j light energy actuable electricity generating material layers which communicate through suitable electrical connection to exterior of each collector 16.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two alternative flow patterns with respect to the plurality of modules 12. In the embodiment of Figure 7, the manifold 14 has an inlet pipe 34 ~or the passage o fluid to be heated, such as air, water or other convenient fluid from one end of the manlfold ~o the other, and an outlet pipe 36 for receipt o~ heated ~luid. The inlet pipe 34 feeds each of the m~dule~ 12 in parallel and the outlet pipP 36 receives heated :~
fluld from each ~f the modules 12 in parallel.
In the embodiment of Figure6, inlet and outlet tubes 34 and 36 are again provided, but in this case a - 8 - ;:
.. , ~ .
.~. ..,:
7'3~3 central pipe 38 also is utilized. Fl~id to be hea-ted passes in parallel to groups of modules 12 and fluid passes in series through each member of the group of modules, as illustrated. Heated fluid passes in parallel from t~e groups of modules.
The truncation of the body of the collector described with respect to the illustrated embodiment is also applicable to the form of collector which is described in our copending application Serial No. 275,382, and as described above and is included within the scope o~ the invention.
The present invention, therefore, provides an improved form of solar collec~ion system. Modifications are possible within the ~cope of this invention.
:1 O
`
.
The invention is described further, by way of illustration, with re~erence to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective view with parts broken away for clarity of a solar energy collection system comprising a single central manifold and a plurality of collector modules provided on opposite sides of the central manifold;
Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure l; . .
Figure 3 is a sectional view similar to Figure 2 of a modified form of collector;
Figure 4 is a perspective view of a detail o~ the collector;
Figure 5 is a close up detail of another portion of :~
the collector; and Figures 6 and 7 are perspective views of two alternate fluid flow arrangements through the modular collectors.
Referring to the drawings, a solar energy collection ~ ~:
system 10 comprises a plurality of collector modules 12 :
connected to a central elongate manifold 14.
The collector modules 12 and the elongate manifold 14 may be supported on a suitable support structure, such -as, a building roo~, as illustrated in our copending application descrlbed above. The number of modules 12 : - 3 - `
3~3 associated with each manifcld 14 may vary widely, as may the number of manifolds 14 provided in a particular heating system.
Each module 1~ comprises a plurality of individual collectors 16. The individual collectors 16 have an internal reflector surface 18 formed on a lower body portion 20. The reflectorsurface 18 may be provided by a thin film o silver or other convenient highly reflective ma-terial.
The shape of the reflector surface 18 is described in detail below. An upper transparent cover 22 and end caps 24 enclose an evacuated space 25 in each individual collector 16.
The individual collectors 16 are integrally joined : :
together in each module 12 and are comprised of an integrally-formed lower body member made up of body portions 20 and an integrally-formed cover member made up of covers 22.
The cover member is sealingly joined to the lower body member. The transverse width of the body portions 20 at their upper extremity is maintained at a low value to minimize the non-light receiving area of the module 12.
The evacuated spaces 25 may be individually evacuated, or more preferably, fluid flow connection is provided between the individual evacuated spaces throughout the module, so that the whole internal volume of the module may be evacuated in a single operation.
- The lower body portion 20 preferably is constructed of vitreous ceramic material formed rom clay and vario~s fluxes while the cover 22 preferably is constructed of glass~ Vitreous ceramic materials are inexpensiv~ and readily available, and can be formed into shaped objects by molding or extr~sion, making them ideal for formation ~ _ 4 _ of integral molded or extruded lower boay portion.
Through the plurality of collectors 16 passes a single 1uid flow pipe 26 by which fluid ~o be heated in the module 12 passes successively through the plurality of collectors from an inlet-outlet pipe 28 consisting of paral~ .
lel concentric tubes which connects the module 12 to the manifol~ 14. As a result ~f this arrangement, fluid flows successively in opposite directions in adjaoent collectors 16.
~ he tube 26 is supported at the appropriate location in each of the collectors.16 by sprung wires 28 wound round the tube 26 and having their eIlds 30 located in elongate grooves 32 fonmed in the base of the body portion 20.
The use of the sprung wires 28`to support the tube 26 also ~ -serves to minimize conducti~e heat losses between the tube 26 and ~he body portion 20 in each collector 16.
The outer surface of the tube 26 has a coating layer thereon of a material, such as, chrome black, which selectively absorbs energy of a certain wavelength generally about 3 x 10-7tO about 3 x 10 6 meters, while ~0 not absorbing other wavelengths. The use of a selectively absorbant material.coating in this way minimizes heat lo~ses from the tube 26 through radiation.
Alternatively, at least the outer wall of the tube 26 may be ~ormed of a material which will act as a selective : absorber, such.as, a black ceramic material.
By utili2ing the modular approach illustrated in the dra~ingsi the individual collectors 16 may be diminished in aimension with respect to t~ose described in our earlier application, so that or the same temperature rise of fluid, the evacuated space per unit ar~a can be considexably decreased. Modules 12 may be formed of any desired number - : ; .
of individual collectors 16 commensurate with the temperature rise desired during passage of fluid therethrough.
Referring to the individual collectors 16, the concentration ratio (C) refers to the relative dimensions of the radiation-receiving portion and radiation-absorbing portion of the collectorl5, while the acceptance angle (~) refers to the angle within which all rays entering the collector 16 through the radiation-receiving portion are absorbed by the radiation-ab6orbing portion of the collector while rays entering the collector through the radiation-receiving portion outside that angle are reflected.
Referring to Figure 3, the concentration ratio (C) o~ the collector 16 is determined by the ratio:
C = Entrance Aperture Width - A
Absorber Tube Circumference 2~ R
The acceptance angIe (~ is the angle to the axis (~) within which all rays entering the collector 16 through the upper , surface 22 are absorbed by tube 26 while rays outside that angle are re1ected back without being absorbed. The ~0 limiting condition or acceptance of rays for absorption is a ray which is reflected by the reflecting surface 18 to pass tangentially to the tube 26, as illustrated.
In a collector 16 of maximum efficiency~ the acceptance angle (~) is determ,in~d by the concentration ratio (C), in accordance with the equation:
C = 1 sin~ ' and the locus of the reflecting surface 18 of the collector 16 is the shape corresponding to ~hat equation.
It will be seen from the above equations that, as the concentration ratio (C) increases, the acceptance angle (B) decreases. The value of the acceptance angle will determine the length of time during a given day when the collector 16 will absorb light rays, assuming that the collector 16 is located in a fixed relationship with respect to the sun movement. The value of the concentration ratio will determine the temperature rise attainable in the tube 26 during the time that rays are accepted within the acceptance angle, with an increase in concentration ..
ratio leading to an increase in temperature under otherwise fixed conditions.
The minimum concentration ratio is about 0~5 and the upper limit of concentration ratio for a fixed location system is about 10. If the collector module 12 is mounted to track the sun.'s movement on a dail~ basis or if the ~;~
sun's rays aan be concentrated within the narrow acceptance angle which exis~s at these high concentration ratios, then the concentration ratio may exceed 10, although it will rarely exceed 50.
Pre~erably, the concentration ratio is about 1.0 to about 3.0, most preferably about 1~5 to about 2.0, which provides a good balance of acceptance angle and concentra-tion ratio, 50 that the collector 16 has a sufficiently wide acceptance angle to absorb rays over a long period of daylight hours, while at the same time providing a good heating effect on the fluid flowing through the collector ! .
: : 16.
If the physical height of the body porkion 20 is : decreased withouk otherwise altering the shape of the reflector, as shown in the modification of Figure 3 wherein i the dotted outline represents the locus at maximum efficiency and the solid outline with cover 22A represents the decreased height body, the concentration ratio is decreased i'3~3 and this leads to a less than maxim~m efficiency of collector 16. Since, however, the upper portion of the reflecting surface 18 adjacent the upper surface 22 is almo.st parallel and has only a minor effect on the rays which are absorbed by the tube 26, the loss of efficiency need only be minor, while the material saving achieved thereby may be considerable.
Generally, when the truncated form of body 20 is adopted, ~he concentration ratio (C) is always maintained gFeater than about ~.5~ The maximum loss of eficiency from ideal conditions is about 25%, while preferably the loss of efficiency tolerated on truncation is less than about 10%.
The collectors 16 also each may achieve a photo-\ voltaic function by producing an electrical output from I collected solar energy. ~he tube 26 may be coated with j light energy actuable electricity generating material layers which communicate through suitable electrical connection to exterior of each collector 16.
Figures 6 and 7 illustrate two alternative flow patterns with respect to the plurality of modules 12. In the embodiment of Figure 7, the manifold 14 has an inlet pipe 34 ~or the passage o fluid to be heated, such as air, water or other convenient fluid from one end of the manlfold ~o the other, and an outlet pipe 36 for receipt o~ heated ~luid. The inlet pipe 34 feeds each of the m~dule~ 12 in parallel and the outlet pipP 36 receives heated :~
fluld from each ~f the modules 12 in parallel.
In the embodiment of Figure6, inlet and outlet tubes 34 and 36 are again provided, but in this case a - 8 - ;:
.. , ~ .
.~. ..,:
7'3~3 central pipe 38 also is utilized. Fl~id to be hea-ted passes in parallel to groups of modules 12 and fluid passes in series through each member of the group of modules, as illustrated. Heated fluid passes in parallel from t~e groups of modules.
The truncation of the body of the collector described with respect to the illustrated embodiment is also applicable to the form of collector which is described in our copending application Serial No. 275,382, and as described above and is included within the scope o~ the invention.
The present invention, therefore, provides an improved form of solar collec~ion system. Modifications are possible within the ~cope of this invention.
:1 O
`
.
Claims (10)
1. A modular solar collector, comprising a plurality of parallel elongate envelopes phys-ically joined together in fixed immovable relationship to each other in a module, each said envelope having an upper transparent surface to admit light rays to the envelope, a tube extending in each envelope from one end to the other for conveying fluid to be heated into each en-velope and for removing heated fluid from the envelope, a selectively absorbing surface on said tube for selectively absorbing energy having predetermined wave-lengths and rejecting other wavelengths, and an elongate reflector surface located internally of each said envelope and arranged to reflect light received through the transparent surface onto said tube, said upper transparent surface and said tube being dimensioned to provide a concentration ratio in each envelope which is the ratio of the transverse width of the upper transparent surface to the outer circumference of the tube and has a value greater than about 0.5, the locus of each said reflector surface being the shape required to ensure that no less than about 75% of the maximum efficiency of each collector is realized, said maximum efficiency being provided by the shape required to ensure that all incident rays received into each envelope through the upper transparent surface thereof with the acceptance angle determined by the equation:
where C is the concentration ratio and .theta. is the acceptance angle, are concentrated on said tube while rays outside the acceptance angle are reflected.
where C is the concentration ratio and .theta. is the acceptance angle, are concentrated on said tube while rays outside the acceptance angle are reflected.
2. The collector of claim 1 wherein said reflector locus is the shape required to ensure that no less than about 90% of the maximum efficiency of the collector is realized.
3. The collector of claim 1 wherein said concentration ratio has a value of about 1.0 to about 3Ø
4. The collector of claim 3 wherein said concentration ratio has a value of about 1.5 to about 2Ø
5. The collector of claim 1 wherein said plurality of parallel elongate envelopes is provided by an integrally-formed lower body member and an integrally-formed trans-parent cover member which is joined in vacuum sealing relationship with said body member.
6. The collector of claim 5 wherein said body member is formed of vitreous ceramic material and said cover member is formed of glass.
7. The collector of claim 6 wherein said reflector surface in each said envelope is formed on the internal surface thereof.
8. The collector of claim 5 wherein said tube passes in continuous manner from one end of said module to the other in alternate direction in each adjacent envelope and said tube is supported in minimal heat conducting relation-ship with said body member.
9. The collector of claim 8 wherein a groove is provided at the bottom of each envelope and springs surrounding the tube and seated in said groove provide said tube support.
10. The collector of claim 1 wherein said tube has light-energy actuable electricity generating material layers provided thereon and electrical connectors extending from said layers externally of the envelope.
Priority Applications (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,819A CA1047343A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1977-12-23 | Solar energy collection system |
| CA315,800A CA1087946A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1978-11-03 | Solar energy collection system |
| JP15768478A JPS5494134A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1978-12-22 | Solar heat energy collecting system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,819A CA1047343A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1977-12-23 | Solar energy collection system |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1047343A true CA1047343A (en) | 1979-01-30 |
Family
ID=4110376
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA293,819A Expired CA1047343A (en) | 1977-12-23 | 1977-12-23 | Solar energy collection system |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5494134A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1047343A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3046529A1 (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-09-10 | Canadian Sun System Ltd., Campbellville, Ontario | "SOLAR COLLECTOR" |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5755361A (en) * | 1980-09-19 | 1982-04-02 | Hakko Denki Seisakusho:Kk | Solar heat exchanger |
| CN108613401A (en) * | 2016-12-15 | 2018-10-02 | 泰山学院 | Indoor solar cooker |
-
1977
- 1977-12-23 CA CA293,819A patent/CA1047343A/en not_active Expired
-
1978
- 1978-12-22 JP JP15768478A patent/JPS5494134A/en active Granted
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE3046529A1 (en) * | 1979-12-10 | 1981-09-10 | Canadian Sun System Ltd., Campbellville, Ontario | "SOLAR COLLECTOR" |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS563499B2 (en) | 1981-01-26 |
| JPS5494134A (en) | 1979-07-25 |
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