CA1045101A - Centrifugal pulverizer having intermeshing notched blading and annular vanes - Google Patents
Centrifugal pulverizer having intermeshing notched blading and annular vanesInfo
- Publication number
- CA1045101A CA1045101A CA274,559A CA274559A CA1045101A CA 1045101 A CA1045101 A CA 1045101A CA 274559 A CA274559 A CA 274559A CA 1045101 A CA1045101 A CA 1045101A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- disc
- discs
- vanes
- blading
- axis
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
- B02C19/0012—Devices for disintegrating materials by collision of these materials against a breaking surface or breaking body and/or by friction between the material particles (also for grain)
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
- B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
- B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
- B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
- B02C18/062—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives with rotor elements extending axially in close radial proximity of a concentrically arranged slotted or perforated ring
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
- Crushing And Grinding (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
This invention enables solid materials such as cellulose fibres to be pulverized and mixed with chemicals in a continuous or batch process by centrifugal action through the application of high pressure, multistage impeller blading intermeshing with concentric slotted annular vanes, The material to be treated is fed through a single central aperture and propelled outwards through preset labyrinths formed by the impeller blading and the slotted vanes. The pulverizer also permits alteration of the geometry of these labyrinths thus causing the texture or consistency of the pulverized material to be varied.
This invention enables solid materials such as cellulose fibres to be pulverized and mixed with chemicals in a continuous or batch process by centrifugal action through the application of high pressure, multistage impeller blading intermeshing with concentric slotted annular vanes, The material to be treated is fed through a single central aperture and propelled outwards through preset labyrinths formed by the impeller blading and the slotted vanes. The pulverizer also permits alteration of the geometry of these labyrinths thus causing the texture or consistency of the pulverized material to be varied.
Description
~45~
This invention relates to pulverizers for such wood products and other materials as newsprint, wood fibras, hay and bark which are generally referred to as cellulose fibre materials and are usually used as insulating and petroleum absorbent materials.
The pul~erized material with suitable addition of ~ire and flame retarding chemicals is now produced by means of one or more hammer mills that force the product through ; sieves. These hammer mills have low overall efficiencies so that the use of much higher horsepower motors to achieve ~ -the desirable quality, homogeneity and texture is necessary.
Also by their nature, only one kind of product consistency can be achieved with a predetermined mill sieve size. To alter a product texture or fibre size requires ces~ation of production in order to substitute sieves. This is time consuming. Also, to ensure that the product i9 made suffi-ciently fire and flameproof to satisf~ystatutory re~uirements, .. . .
excessive quantities of fire retarding chemicals are added to the cellulose material as it enters the hammer mill.
..
Further impregnation of the cellulose fibres and improved homogeneity with respect to chemical dispersion may be attained ~-by recycling the product within the mill or by passing the product through a second mill. When mo~stened cellulose j fibre material is used in an attempt to achieve quicker penetration by the ch ~ icals the milling operation is rend-ered difficult by clogged sieves. Hammer mills are noisy to operate.
: .
I have found that the above disadvantages may be overcome or mitigated by providing a centrifugal pulverizer comprising, according to the pre~ent invention, a first disc -~ presenting on a main fac~ thereof a plurality of concentric annular vanes; a second disc presenting blading on a main face thereof, the first and second discs being disposed in , 1~ .. ...
: ' ; ~
....
1~5~
spaced, substantially parallel, coaxial relationship with the vanes of the first disc extending into notches in the blading of the second disc whereby said blading is inter-meshed with said vanes, and power means for causing rela-tive rotation between the first and second discs about the axis of the discs, slots being provided across the edges of the vanes.~ adjacent the second disc, and an axial aperture -being provided in one of the discs for the admission there-through of material to be pulverized.
: 10. The first disc may be stationary, with the power means such as an electric motor or by an internal combus-tion engine having a suitahle po~er transmission arrangement : .
: .
being connected through an axially disposed shaft to the ~:
second disc for rotation thereof about the axis of the discs.
The slots in the vanes are preferably so oriented relative to the impeller blading as to cause some shearing and : :~
.. ..
impacting at the en~trances and exits of these slots.
When assembled, the axial spacing between the first ~ :
and ~eaond discs may be varied to provide more or less resis-tance to the flow of the cellulose material through the `:;
pulverizer and to alter the texture and fibre lengths pro~
duced by the pulverizer. For example, reduction in this axial spacing will result in a reduction in the particle size of the processed cellulose material, and conversely an increase in this axial spacing will result in an increase in the particle ~ : .
size of the processed cellulose material. Such adjustment in this axial spacing may be by means of a screw attached to the .~first disc through a yoke. The cellulose material to be pro-ce sed is introduced through the axial aperture from where it is sucked into the pulverizer, and is then impelled until it is finally discharged through openings in an outer hood pro~
~: . . .;
vided at the periphery of the first disc. Th~e--~inished:~product -... :. -" ', ~045~
may be collected in a suitable receptacle placed around the pulverizer or it may be directed into a hopper for further processing elsewhere.
; In the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention:
Figure 1 is a plan view of the first disc;
Figure 2 is an elevation, partly in section, of the first disc; ,, Figure 3 is a plan view of the second disc; ~,' Figure 4 is a sectioned elevation, generally on `
the line 4-4 in Figure 3~of the second disc;
Figure 5 is an elevation, partly in section and corresponding to Figure 2 but showing the first and second discs in operative interrelationship; and ' Figure 6 shows a pulverizer incorporating first , ' and second discs as shown in the preceding views.
Figures 3 and 4 show a rotatable circular plate or disc 1 having on a main face thereof blading comprising impeller blades 2 having concentric notches ~'c~or~e~h~e~re~in.
The disc 1 i~ssopèratively driven through an axially disposed shaft 4. ' Figures 1 and 2 show a stationary circular plate or disc 5 having on a main face thereof a plurality of concentric annular vanes 6 with slots 7 being provided acros~
the edges of the vanes 6 spaced from the disc 5. A centrally -disposed axial aperture 8 is provided in the disc 5 for the ~, admi~sion therethrough of material to be pulverized. The ~ , outer perip"hery of the disc 5 is provided with a concentric '',,'', . .
protective hood 9 having openings 10 therein for the discharge ~therethrough of pulverized material.
.: :
In Figure 6~'is shown a pulverizer incorporating , ~ ' the discs 1 and 5. The disc 1 is mounted at the end of the ~ '~', , - . .... .
~ driving shaft 4 of a motor 12. The disc 5 is mounted in 3 : : ~
~(~451~
spaced, substantially parallel, coaxial relationship to, but without interference with ~he discIl.~ yoke 14 is attached to the top of the disc 5 so that the axial spacing between the discs 1 and 5 is adjustable as desired. This aajustment in the axial spacing between the discs 1 and 5 is simply achieved by means of a threaded shaft 15 secured to the yoke 14 and which passe,s through a threaded fixed guide 16. An attached handle 17 is used for this purpose.
As is clearly shown in Figure 5 the vanes 6 of the disc 5 extend into the notches 3 in the blades 2 of the disc 1 whereby the blades 2 are intermeshed with the vanes 6.
The axial spacing between the vanes 6 and the main face of the disc 1 which presents the blades 2 progressively decreases --in the outward radial direction, or in other words progres- ;
sively increases towards the axis of the discs 1 and 5. ~ ~ `
Furthermore, the axial spacing between the bases of the `
slots 7 and the main face of the disc 1 which presents the blades 2 progressively decreases in the outward radial direction, or in other words progressively increases towards the axis of the discs 1 and 5, with the axial height of the -blades 2 progressively decreasing in the outward radial direction thereby to increase the impacting pressures on the -material being treated, the proportion of said axial spacing between the bases of the slots 7 and said main face of the disc 1 over which the blades 2 extend progressively increasing in the outward radial direction so that as the material passes through the pulverizer towards the openings 10 a progressively greater proportion thereof is subjected to a shearing action :. ; .
between the blades 2 and the vanes 6. - , The operation of the pulverizer will be readily appreciated. The material to be treated with suitable addition of chemical is fed through the aperture 8 in the disc 5. The material is initially shredded by the first array of B 4 _ ;
:, :' ' ' 51~)1 blades 5 and is propelled by centrifugal forces through the maze of grooves and channels within the pulverizer.
Material and chemicals can be fed into the pulverizer in a continuous process with the finished product being discharged at the outer periphery of the disc 5.
Modifications can of course be made in the con-struction of the pulverizer. For example, it may be prefer-able to use more or fewer notched blades 2 and slotted annular Yanes 6 in the pulverizer; two being a desirable or practical minimum for the number of impeller blades 2. The material `~
of the discs 1 and 5 may be, for example, stainless steel, carbide steel, nylon or any other material which satisfies compatibility conditions with the materials being processed.
The arrangement of the slots 7 in the vanes 6 can also be changed as desired in order to alter the discharge characteristics of the pulverizer as well as the texture of the finished pxocessed material~
Although as shown in Figures 5 and 6 the disc 5 is disposed above the disc 1 other arrangements may be advan-tageous for different uses of the pulverizer. For example,more suitable arrangements could be hoxizontal or upsidedown relative to that shown in Figùres 5 and 6.
Since it is the relative rotation between the discs 1 and 5 which causes the pulverization and transportation of the material, it is possible for the disc 1 to be station-ary with ~he disc S being operatively rotatably driven by the p~wer means and this may be desirable or certain types of pulverizers. -: : ' ' "
- 5 - ;~
This invention relates to pulverizers for such wood products and other materials as newsprint, wood fibras, hay and bark which are generally referred to as cellulose fibre materials and are usually used as insulating and petroleum absorbent materials.
The pul~erized material with suitable addition of ~ire and flame retarding chemicals is now produced by means of one or more hammer mills that force the product through ; sieves. These hammer mills have low overall efficiencies so that the use of much higher horsepower motors to achieve ~ -the desirable quality, homogeneity and texture is necessary.
Also by their nature, only one kind of product consistency can be achieved with a predetermined mill sieve size. To alter a product texture or fibre size requires ces~ation of production in order to substitute sieves. This is time consuming. Also, to ensure that the product i9 made suffi-ciently fire and flameproof to satisf~ystatutory re~uirements, .. . .
excessive quantities of fire retarding chemicals are added to the cellulose material as it enters the hammer mill.
..
Further impregnation of the cellulose fibres and improved homogeneity with respect to chemical dispersion may be attained ~-by recycling the product within the mill or by passing the product through a second mill. When mo~stened cellulose j fibre material is used in an attempt to achieve quicker penetration by the ch ~ icals the milling operation is rend-ered difficult by clogged sieves. Hammer mills are noisy to operate.
: .
I have found that the above disadvantages may be overcome or mitigated by providing a centrifugal pulverizer comprising, according to the pre~ent invention, a first disc -~ presenting on a main fac~ thereof a plurality of concentric annular vanes; a second disc presenting blading on a main face thereof, the first and second discs being disposed in , 1~ .. ...
: ' ; ~
....
1~5~
spaced, substantially parallel, coaxial relationship with the vanes of the first disc extending into notches in the blading of the second disc whereby said blading is inter-meshed with said vanes, and power means for causing rela-tive rotation between the first and second discs about the axis of the discs, slots being provided across the edges of the vanes.~ adjacent the second disc, and an axial aperture -being provided in one of the discs for the admission there-through of material to be pulverized.
: 10. The first disc may be stationary, with the power means such as an electric motor or by an internal combus-tion engine having a suitahle po~er transmission arrangement : .
: .
being connected through an axially disposed shaft to the ~:
second disc for rotation thereof about the axis of the discs.
The slots in the vanes are preferably so oriented relative to the impeller blading as to cause some shearing and : :~
.. ..
impacting at the en~trances and exits of these slots.
When assembled, the axial spacing between the first ~ :
and ~eaond discs may be varied to provide more or less resis-tance to the flow of the cellulose material through the `:;
pulverizer and to alter the texture and fibre lengths pro~
duced by the pulverizer. For example, reduction in this axial spacing will result in a reduction in the particle size of the processed cellulose material, and conversely an increase in this axial spacing will result in an increase in the particle ~ : .
size of the processed cellulose material. Such adjustment in this axial spacing may be by means of a screw attached to the .~first disc through a yoke. The cellulose material to be pro-ce sed is introduced through the axial aperture from where it is sucked into the pulverizer, and is then impelled until it is finally discharged through openings in an outer hood pro~
~: . . .;
vided at the periphery of the first disc. Th~e--~inished:~product -... :. -" ', ~045~
may be collected in a suitable receptacle placed around the pulverizer or it may be directed into a hopper for further processing elsewhere.
; In the accompanying drawings which illustrate a preferred embodiment of the invention:
Figure 1 is a plan view of the first disc;
Figure 2 is an elevation, partly in section, of the first disc; ,, Figure 3 is a plan view of the second disc; ~,' Figure 4 is a sectioned elevation, generally on `
the line 4-4 in Figure 3~of the second disc;
Figure 5 is an elevation, partly in section and corresponding to Figure 2 but showing the first and second discs in operative interrelationship; and ' Figure 6 shows a pulverizer incorporating first , ' and second discs as shown in the preceding views.
Figures 3 and 4 show a rotatable circular plate or disc 1 having on a main face thereof blading comprising impeller blades 2 having concentric notches ~'c~or~e~h~e~re~in.
The disc 1 i~ssopèratively driven through an axially disposed shaft 4. ' Figures 1 and 2 show a stationary circular plate or disc 5 having on a main face thereof a plurality of concentric annular vanes 6 with slots 7 being provided acros~
the edges of the vanes 6 spaced from the disc 5. A centrally -disposed axial aperture 8 is provided in the disc 5 for the ~, admi~sion therethrough of material to be pulverized. The ~ , outer perip"hery of the disc 5 is provided with a concentric '',,'', . .
protective hood 9 having openings 10 therein for the discharge ~therethrough of pulverized material.
.: :
In Figure 6~'is shown a pulverizer incorporating , ~ ' the discs 1 and 5. The disc 1 is mounted at the end of the ~ '~', , - . .... .
~ driving shaft 4 of a motor 12. The disc 5 is mounted in 3 : : ~
~(~451~
spaced, substantially parallel, coaxial relationship to, but without interference with ~he discIl.~ yoke 14 is attached to the top of the disc 5 so that the axial spacing between the discs 1 and 5 is adjustable as desired. This aajustment in the axial spacing between the discs 1 and 5 is simply achieved by means of a threaded shaft 15 secured to the yoke 14 and which passe,s through a threaded fixed guide 16. An attached handle 17 is used for this purpose.
As is clearly shown in Figure 5 the vanes 6 of the disc 5 extend into the notches 3 in the blades 2 of the disc 1 whereby the blades 2 are intermeshed with the vanes 6.
The axial spacing between the vanes 6 and the main face of the disc 1 which presents the blades 2 progressively decreases --in the outward radial direction, or in other words progres- ;
sively increases towards the axis of the discs 1 and 5. ~ ~ `
Furthermore, the axial spacing between the bases of the `
slots 7 and the main face of the disc 1 which presents the blades 2 progressively decreases in the outward radial direction, or in other words progressively increases towards the axis of the discs 1 and 5, with the axial height of the -blades 2 progressively decreasing in the outward radial direction thereby to increase the impacting pressures on the -material being treated, the proportion of said axial spacing between the bases of the slots 7 and said main face of the disc 1 over which the blades 2 extend progressively increasing in the outward radial direction so that as the material passes through the pulverizer towards the openings 10 a progressively greater proportion thereof is subjected to a shearing action :. ; .
between the blades 2 and the vanes 6. - , The operation of the pulverizer will be readily appreciated. The material to be treated with suitable addition of chemical is fed through the aperture 8 in the disc 5. The material is initially shredded by the first array of B 4 _ ;
:, :' ' ' 51~)1 blades 5 and is propelled by centrifugal forces through the maze of grooves and channels within the pulverizer.
Material and chemicals can be fed into the pulverizer in a continuous process with the finished product being discharged at the outer periphery of the disc 5.
Modifications can of course be made in the con-struction of the pulverizer. For example, it may be prefer-able to use more or fewer notched blades 2 and slotted annular Yanes 6 in the pulverizer; two being a desirable or practical minimum for the number of impeller blades 2. The material `~
of the discs 1 and 5 may be, for example, stainless steel, carbide steel, nylon or any other material which satisfies compatibility conditions with the materials being processed.
The arrangement of the slots 7 in the vanes 6 can also be changed as desired in order to alter the discharge characteristics of the pulverizer as well as the texture of the finished pxocessed material~
Although as shown in Figures 5 and 6 the disc 5 is disposed above the disc 1 other arrangements may be advan-tageous for different uses of the pulverizer. For example,more suitable arrangements could be hoxizontal or upsidedown relative to that shown in Figùres 5 and 6.
Since it is the relative rotation between the discs 1 and 5 which causes the pulverization and transportation of the material, it is possible for the disc 1 to be station-ary with ~he disc S being operatively rotatably driven by the p~wer means and this may be desirable or certain types of pulverizers. -: : ' ' "
- 5 - ;~
Claims (7)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. A centrifugal pulverizer comprising a first disc presenting on a main face thereof a plurality of concentric annular vanes, a second disc presenting blading on a main face thereof, the first and second discs being disposed in spaced, substantially parallel, coaxial relationship with the vanes of the first disc extending into notches in the blading of the second disc whereby said blading is inter-meshed with said vanes, and power means for causing relative rotation between the first and second discs about the axis of the discs, slots being provided across the edges of the vanes adjacent the second disc, and an axial aperture being provided in one of the discs for the admission therethrough of material to be pulverized.
2. A pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the axial spacing between the annular vanes of the first disc and said main face of the second disc progressively increases towards the axis of the discs.
3. A pulverizer according to claim 1, wherein the proportion of the axial spacing between the bases of the slots in the vanes and said main face of the second disc over which the blading of the first disc extends progressively decreases towards the axis of the discs.
4. A pulverizer according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the axial spacing between the bases of the slots in the vanes and said main face of the second disc progressively increases towards the axis of the discs, and wherein the axial height of the blading progressively increases towards the axis of the discs.
5. A pulverizer according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the axial spacing between the first and second discs is adjustable.
6. A pulverizer according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the first disc is stationary, the power means being connected to the second disc for rotation thereof about the axis of the discs.
7. A pulverizer according to any one of claims 1, 2 and 3, wherein the first disc has an outer hood provided with openings for the discharge therethrough of pulverized material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA274,559A CA1045101A (en) | 1977-03-23 | 1977-03-23 | Centrifugal pulverizer having intermeshing notched blading and annular vanes |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA274,559A CA1045101A (en) | 1977-03-23 | 1977-03-23 | Centrifugal pulverizer having intermeshing notched blading and annular vanes |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1045101A true CA1045101A (en) | 1978-12-26 |
Family
ID=4108222
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA274,559A Expired CA1045101A (en) | 1977-03-23 | 1977-03-23 | Centrifugal pulverizer having intermeshing notched blading and annular vanes |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1045101A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0065254A2 (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1982-11-24 | Moeschle Kessel- und Apparatebau GmbH | Grinding machine |
| EP0301151A1 (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-01 | Michael Stoerzbach | Device for homogenizing a fluid mixture |
| GB2237222A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-01 | William A Quansah | Bladed centrifugal pulveriser with rotatable feeder |
-
1977
- 1977-03-23 CA CA274,559A patent/CA1045101A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0065254A2 (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1982-11-24 | Moeschle Kessel- und Apparatebau GmbH | Grinding machine |
| EP0065254A3 (en) * | 1981-05-14 | 1984-06-06 | Moeschle Kessel- und Apparatebau GmbH | Grinding machine |
| EP0301151A1 (en) * | 1987-07-31 | 1989-02-01 | Michael Stoerzbach | Device for homogenizing a fluid mixture |
| GB2237222A (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1991-05-01 | William A Quansah | Bladed centrifugal pulveriser with rotatable feeder |
| GB2237222B (en) * | 1989-10-13 | 1994-02-02 | William A Quansah | Improvements in and relating to pulverisers |
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