CA1038881A - Method and apparatus for preparing edible oil - Google Patents
Method and apparatus for preparing edible oilInfo
- Publication number
- CA1038881A CA1038881A CA193,262A CA193262A CA1038881A CA 1038881 A CA1038881 A CA 1038881A CA 193262 A CA193262 A CA 193262A CA 1038881 A CA1038881 A CA 1038881A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- crude oil
- cakes
- seed
- oil
- steps
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Process of preparing oil out of raw material of ve-getable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linseed, combinedly comprising steps of me-chanically expelling crude oil from the raw material and chemi-cally extracting crude oil from cakes produced through expelling steps by using suitable solvent, wherein the crude oil produced by the expelling steps is joined with the cakes under extraction steps so as to eliminate filtering steps of the expelled crude oil.
Process of preparing oil out of raw material of ve-getable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linseed, combinedly comprising steps of me-chanically expelling crude oil from the raw material and chemi-cally extracting crude oil from cakes produced through expelling steps by using suitable solvent, wherein the crude oil produced by the expelling steps is joined with the cakes under extraction steps so as to eliminate filtering steps of the expelled crude oil.
Description
~3~8l~
The present invention relates to a process of prepa- :
ring oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflow~r seed, and linseed, more particularly a process of preparing oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linseed, including combined steps of mechanically compressing the raw material and chemically extrac-ting the oil from compressed ca~.es by suitable solvent.
Prior art oil pre-pressing and extraction process is ; 10 useful for enhancing a yield rate, improving the quality of oil and saving labor and material, thus ~38~
enabling efficient production to be carried out. ~Iowever, it is necessary for removing sediments ou-t of pre-pressed crude oil to provide decan-ters, fil-ter presses, oil hea-ting means, pipings, and various accessories thereof. Those equipments involve a great deal of initial cost. ~oreover, a considerable amount of time and labor is consumed for operation and maintenance, since filtering elements o~
the filter press must be cleaned up periodically during operation.
Further, the crude oil is heated in a crude oil tank for carrying out a filtering operation smoothly at reduced viscoslty. This heating step w:Lll adv~rsely affect -the quaLLty o~ the edible o:il. That is, when the crude oil is heated in contact with aLr, it becomes tinted -to the extent that it is no-t sufficiently decolored during subsequent decoloring steps, ancl it is impaired in -terms of its flavor. Sometimes, finished products subjected to heating steps during the preparation process also become tinted during storage. This tendency is par-ticularly conspicuous in case of co-tton seed oil. The present invention is designed for solving various prob:Lems inherent to the prior art oil pre-pressing and ex-traction process as described above.
It is object of the present invention to provide a process of preparing oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sun~lower seed, and linseed, permitting decanters, filter ~3~3~8 3L
presses and heating means to be eliminated thereby saving the initial cost and operating expenses and preventing the ~uality o~ oil ~rom becoming deteriorated.
According to the present invention, there is provided a process of extracting oil from vegetable seeds comprising the steps o~ mechanically expelling crudle oil ~rom the vegetable seeds to produce vegetable seed cakes and mechanically expelled crude oil, separating the mechanically expelled crude oil ~rom the cakes, passing the separated mechanically expe~led crude oil through a layer o~ the separated cakes produced in the ex-pelling step to ~ilter sediment ~rom the mechamically expelled crude oil, and chemically extrac~ing crude oil ~rom the cakes a~ter said passing step is per~ormed by ~lowing a solvent through the layer o~ cakes.
Now, a pre~erable embodiment o~ the process o~ prepar-ing oil according to the present invention will be described in detail hereina~ter by way of e~ample with re~erence to accom~r anying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional pro-cess o~ preparing oil ~rom the raw material, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram ~howing a novel process o~preparing oil according to the present invention.
Re~erring to Fig. 1, there is shown a conventional process of preparing oil out o~ raw material o~ vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, sa~lower seed, sun~lower seed, and linseed, combinedly including mechanical expelling steps and chemical extraction steps. The raw material o~ vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape ~38Sl~l seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linsaed, which is pre-treated by cleaning and cooking operation, is fed into an expeller lo Expelled crude oil is led into a screen tank 6, in which sediments of relatively large size ars separated from the crude oil. Further, the crude oil is fed into a decanter 8 by means of a feed pump 7, so as to remove sediments of rela-tively small size. Thereafter, the crude oil is transferred to a crude oil tank 10 by means of a transfer pump 9, in which tank the crude oil is heated to a temperature Oe 100Co In case of cotton seed oil, heating step is eliminated because the crude oil becomes tinted by heating. Then, the cr~de oil is fed from the crude oil tank 10 to a filter press 12 by means of a filling pump 11, wherein very ~ine sediments are separated erom the crude oil~ The dispellecl crude oil 13 is discharged out Oe the Pilter press :l2 after having sediments O:e all size removed therefrom.
On the other hand, compressed cakes discharged out of the expeller 1 are sent to a crushing roller 2 in which they are broken into small pieces. Thereafter, broken c~kes are fed into an extractor 3, wherein suitable solvent is applied to the cakes so as to extract crude oil chemically from the cakesO Miscella obtained ~rom the extractor 3 is collected to a miscella tank ~ and then fed into a distiller 5. The extracted crude oil is discharged out Oe the distiller 5 after having the solvent removed therefrom.
.
~L~38~
It is understood from above descriptions that the dacanter ~, the filter press 12, the crude oil tank 10, and various pumps 7, 9, ll together with pipings, are provided downstream of the expeller l in the conventional process of preparing the oil. Heating means is normally incorporated within the crude oil tank lO, although not shown in the drawing. Above-mentioned equipments wil:L make initial cost of whole system very expensive, and involve a considerable amount of labor for operation and maintenanceO Moreover, the heating means may deteriorate the quality of edible oil as described hereinaboveO
Figure 2 shows a novel process of preparing oil according to the present invention. Extraction steps same as those of ~igure l are incorporated in the novel process as shown in figure 2. That is, the crushing roller 2 is provided downstream of the expeller 1 on cake discharging side thereof.
The extractor 3 is connected to the crushing roller 2 on the downstream side thereofO The miscella tank 4 and the distiller 5 are provided downstream of the ex-tractor 30 In the process according to the present invention, the raw material, which is pretreated by cleaning and cooking operation, is fed into the expeller l, and the expelled crude oil is led into the screen tank 6 so as to remove sediments of relatively large size similarly to the conventional process in figure l. However, the crude oil still contains sediments of relatively small size and fine ~3888~L
size and hence is directly fed into -the extractor 3 on a side, where compressed cakes are supplied, via a service tank 28 by means of a transfer pump 27. The service tank 28 will serve to prevent a backward flow of -the solvent into expelled crude oil system from occurring. Therefore, the expelled crude oil discharged out of the expelloer 1 is caused to join wi-th miscella solution produced by action of the solvent within the extractor 3, collected into -the miscella tank L~, and then fed into the distiller 5 so as to produce extracted crude oil.
In this process according to the present invention, sediments are treated together with the cakes~ since the expellecl crucle oil still containing sediments of relative:Ly small and fine size is supplied directly into the extractor 2 as described hereinabove. Hence, sediment removing means, such as the decanter, the filter press, and -the crude oil tank, together with pumps, pipings and accessories, can be eliminated. This means tha-t the initial cost of the whole system is substantially reduced wi-th the..labor for the opera-tion and maintenance saved and the whole process is simplified thereby improving efficiency of the system.
There is no trend of deteriorating the quality of the oil produced, since it is not heated in contact with air in any step of the production. A decoloring process is simplified since the oil is not tinted. The flavor of the finished oil is no-t impaired. The oil will not become tinted during storage. In this manner, the oil having `
~o38~8 advantages over the product prepared by the conventional process can be obtained by the process according -to the present invention. This advantage is particularly distinct in case o~ the co-tton seed oil. Also, there is no problem in terms o~ the quality of oil meal. The oil meal produced by the novel process according to the present invention does not have any disadvantage ~ith respect to -that produced by the conventional process.
;
The present invention relates to a process of prepa- :
ring oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflow~r seed, and linseed, more particularly a process of preparing oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linseed, including combined steps of mechanically compressing the raw material and chemically extrac-ting the oil from compressed ca~.es by suitable solvent.
Prior art oil pre-pressing and extraction process is ; 10 useful for enhancing a yield rate, improving the quality of oil and saving labor and material, thus ~38~
enabling efficient production to be carried out. ~Iowever, it is necessary for removing sediments ou-t of pre-pressed crude oil to provide decan-ters, fil-ter presses, oil hea-ting means, pipings, and various accessories thereof. Those equipments involve a great deal of initial cost. ~oreover, a considerable amount of time and labor is consumed for operation and maintenance, since filtering elements o~
the filter press must be cleaned up periodically during operation.
Further, the crude oil is heated in a crude oil tank for carrying out a filtering operation smoothly at reduced viscoslty. This heating step w:Lll adv~rsely affect -the quaLLty o~ the edible o:il. That is, when the crude oil is heated in contact with aLr, it becomes tinted -to the extent that it is no-t sufficiently decolored during subsequent decoloring steps, ancl it is impaired in -terms of its flavor. Sometimes, finished products subjected to heating steps during the preparation process also become tinted during storage. This tendency is par-ticularly conspicuous in case of co-tton seed oil. The present invention is designed for solving various prob:Lems inherent to the prior art oil pre-pressing and ex-traction process as described above.
It is object of the present invention to provide a process of preparing oil out of raw material of vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, safflower seed, sun~lower seed, and linseed, permitting decanters, filter ~3~3~8 3L
presses and heating means to be eliminated thereby saving the initial cost and operating expenses and preventing the ~uality o~ oil ~rom becoming deteriorated.
According to the present invention, there is provided a process of extracting oil from vegetable seeds comprising the steps o~ mechanically expelling crudle oil ~rom the vegetable seeds to produce vegetable seed cakes and mechanically expelled crude oil, separating the mechanically expelled crude oil ~rom the cakes, passing the separated mechanically expe~led crude oil through a layer o~ the separated cakes produced in the ex-pelling step to ~ilter sediment ~rom the mechamically expelled crude oil, and chemically extrac~ing crude oil ~rom the cakes a~ter said passing step is per~ormed by ~lowing a solvent through the layer o~ cakes.
Now, a pre~erable embodiment o~ the process o~ prepar-ing oil according to the present invention will be described in detail hereina~ter by way of e~ample with re~erence to accom~r anying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1 is a block diagram showing a conventional pro-cess o~ preparing oil ~rom the raw material, and Fig. 2 is a block diagram ~howing a novel process o~preparing oil according to the present invention.
Re~erring to Fig. 1, there is shown a conventional process of preparing oil out o~ raw material o~ vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape seed, sa~lower seed, sun~lower seed, and linseed, combinedly including mechanical expelling steps and chemical extraction steps. The raw material o~ vegetable origin, such as cotton seed, rape ~38Sl~l seed, safflower seed, sunflower seed, and linsaed, which is pre-treated by cleaning and cooking operation, is fed into an expeller lo Expelled crude oil is led into a screen tank 6, in which sediments of relatively large size ars separated from the crude oil. Further, the crude oil is fed into a decanter 8 by means of a feed pump 7, so as to remove sediments of rela-tively small size. Thereafter, the crude oil is transferred to a crude oil tank 10 by means of a transfer pump 9, in which tank the crude oil is heated to a temperature Oe 100Co In case of cotton seed oil, heating step is eliminated because the crude oil becomes tinted by heating. Then, the cr~de oil is fed from the crude oil tank 10 to a filter press 12 by means of a filling pump 11, wherein very ~ine sediments are separated erom the crude oil~ The dispellecl crude oil 13 is discharged out Oe the Pilter press :l2 after having sediments O:e all size removed therefrom.
On the other hand, compressed cakes discharged out of the expeller 1 are sent to a crushing roller 2 in which they are broken into small pieces. Thereafter, broken c~kes are fed into an extractor 3, wherein suitable solvent is applied to the cakes so as to extract crude oil chemically from the cakesO Miscella obtained ~rom the extractor 3 is collected to a miscella tank ~ and then fed into a distiller 5. The extracted crude oil is discharged out Oe the distiller 5 after having the solvent removed therefrom.
.
~L~38~
It is understood from above descriptions that the dacanter ~, the filter press 12, the crude oil tank 10, and various pumps 7, 9, ll together with pipings, are provided downstream of the expeller l in the conventional process of preparing the oil. Heating means is normally incorporated within the crude oil tank lO, although not shown in the drawing. Above-mentioned equipments wil:L make initial cost of whole system very expensive, and involve a considerable amount of labor for operation and maintenanceO Moreover, the heating means may deteriorate the quality of edible oil as described hereinaboveO
Figure 2 shows a novel process of preparing oil according to the present invention. Extraction steps same as those of ~igure l are incorporated in the novel process as shown in figure 2. That is, the crushing roller 2 is provided downstream of the expeller 1 on cake discharging side thereof.
The extractor 3 is connected to the crushing roller 2 on the downstream side thereofO The miscella tank 4 and the distiller 5 are provided downstream of the ex-tractor 30 In the process according to the present invention, the raw material, which is pretreated by cleaning and cooking operation, is fed into the expeller l, and the expelled crude oil is led into the screen tank 6 so as to remove sediments of relatively large size similarly to the conventional process in figure l. However, the crude oil still contains sediments of relatively small size and fine ~3888~L
size and hence is directly fed into -the extractor 3 on a side, where compressed cakes are supplied, via a service tank 28 by means of a transfer pump 27. The service tank 28 will serve to prevent a backward flow of -the solvent into expelled crude oil system from occurring. Therefore, the expelled crude oil discharged out of the expelloer 1 is caused to join wi-th miscella solution produced by action of the solvent within the extractor 3, collected into -the miscella tank L~, and then fed into the distiller 5 so as to produce extracted crude oil.
In this process according to the present invention, sediments are treated together with the cakes~ since the expellecl crucle oil still containing sediments of relative:Ly small and fine size is supplied directly into the extractor 2 as described hereinabove. Hence, sediment removing means, such as the decanter, the filter press, and -the crude oil tank, together with pumps, pipings and accessories, can be eliminated. This means tha-t the initial cost of the whole system is substantially reduced wi-th the..labor for the opera-tion and maintenance saved and the whole process is simplified thereby improving efficiency of the system.
There is no trend of deteriorating the quality of the oil produced, since it is not heated in contact with air in any step of the production. A decoloring process is simplified since the oil is not tinted. The flavor of the finished oil is no-t impaired. The oil will not become tinted during storage. In this manner, the oil having `
~o38~8 advantages over the product prepared by the conventional process can be obtained by the process according -to the present invention. This advantage is particularly distinct in case o~ the co-tton seed oil. Also, there is no problem in terms o~ the quality of oil meal. The oil meal produced by the novel process according to the present invention does not have any disadvantage ~ith respect to -that produced by the conventional process.
;
Claims (6)
1. A process of extracting oil from vegetable seeds comprising the steps of mechanically expelling crude oil from the vegetable seeds to produce vegetable seed cakes and mechanically expelled crude oil, separating the mechanically expelled crude oil from the cakes, passing the separated mechanically expelled crude oil through a layer of the separated cakes produced in the expelling step to filter sediment from the mechanically expelled crude oil, and chemically extracting crude oil from the cakes after said passing step is performed by flowing a solvent through the layer of cakes.
2. A process as claimed in claim 1 in which said layer of cakes is moved on a conveyor during said passing and chemical extraction steps with the passing step being performed at a point along the conveyor upstream of where the chemical extracting step is performed.
3. A process as claimed in claim 2 wherein the chemi-cal extraction step includes a plurality of repetitive flowing steps wherein the solvent is flowed through respective successive sections of the layer of cakes beginning adjacent the downstream end of the conveyor, and the passing step occurs simultaneously with one of the flowing solvent steps adjacent the upstream end of the conveyor.
4. A process as claimed in claim 3 including the step of collecting the mechanically expelled crude oil in a service tank prior to combining the separated mechanically expelled crude oil with the cakes to prevent a backflow of solvent into the crude oil.
5. A process as claimed in claim 4 including the step of filtering large size sediment from the separated mechanically expelled crude oil prior to the collecting step for the mechani-cally expelled crude oil.
6. A process as claime in claim 1 wherein the seed is selected from the group consisting of cotton seed, rapeseed, safflower seed, sunflower seed and linseed.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP14437973A JPS5210455B2 (en) | 1973-12-27 | 1973-12-27 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1038881A true CA1038881A (en) | 1978-09-19 |
Family
ID=15360744
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA193,262A Expired CA1038881A (en) | 1973-12-27 | 1974-02-22 | Method and apparatus for preparing edible oil |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5210455B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1038881A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5808238A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-09-15 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Multiple-cable power for transmission line system |
-
1973
- 1973-12-27 JP JP14437973A patent/JPS5210455B2/ja not_active Expired
-
1974
- 1974-02-22 CA CA193,262A patent/CA1038881A/en not_active Expired
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5808238A (en) * | 1995-11-24 | 1998-09-15 | The Furukawa Electric Co., Ltd. | Multiple-cable power for transmission line system |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5096603A (en) | 1975-07-31 |
| JPS5210455B2 (en) | 1977-03-24 |
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