CA1037807A - Muscle biopsy needle - Google Patents
Muscle biopsy needleInfo
- Publication number
- CA1037807A CA1037807A CA199,267A CA199267A CA1037807A CA 1037807 A CA1037807 A CA 1037807A CA 199267 A CA199267 A CA 199267A CA 1037807 A CA1037807 A CA 1037807A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- sheath
- sample
- blade
- shaft
- hook
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/34—Trocars; Puncturing needles
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B10/00—Other methods or instruments for diagnosis, e.g. instruments for taking a cell sample, for biopsy, for vaccination diagnosis; Sex determination; Ovulation-period determination; Throat striking implements
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Surgery (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Medical Informatics (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- Investigating Or Analysing Biological Materials (AREA)
- Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
Means for obtaining muscle tissue specimens from a body and comprising a generally cylindrical shaft having a tapered and pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip, and with coaxially disposed sheath means having a sharpened forward cutting edge slidably enveloping the shaft. A sample receiving cavity is formed in the shaft and is provided with a generally sharpened hook in the forward portion of the cavity. The hook has a point directed toward the proximate end of the shaft and comprises an overhanging barb forming a portion of the sample retaining cavity. The sheath is slidable over the shaft between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of the sheath enclosing the barb when the sheath Is In its forward pre-determined disposition, and with the sharpened tip of the barb being exposed when the sheath is in retracted disposition. The forward sharpened cutting edge of the sheath forms a cutting edge which separates that portion of the sample retained within the sample receiving cavity from the bulk of the tissue, with the separation being in the form of a clean extraction cut. For removal of the sample, simple retraction of the device is possible.
Means for obtaining muscle tissue specimens from a body and comprising a generally cylindrical shaft having a tapered and pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip, and with coaxially disposed sheath means having a sharpened forward cutting edge slidably enveloping the shaft. A sample receiving cavity is formed in the shaft and is provided with a generally sharpened hook in the forward portion of the cavity. The hook has a point directed toward the proximate end of the shaft and comprises an overhanging barb forming a portion of the sample retaining cavity. The sheath is slidable over the shaft between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of the sheath enclosing the barb when the sheath Is In its forward pre-determined disposition, and with the sharpened tip of the barb being exposed when the sheath is in retracted disposition. The forward sharpened cutting edge of the sheath forms a cutting edge which separates that portion of the sample retained within the sample receiving cavity from the bulk of the tissue, with the separation being in the form of a clean extraction cut. For removal of the sample, simple retraction of the device is possible.
Description
`--- 1037t~07 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present inventlon relates generally to an improved blopsy device, and more particularly to a means for obtaining muscle tlssue or other fibrous samples. The biopsy apparatus of the present invention 7s particularly adapted to obtain such samples without requiring the pat7ent to undergo unusual or extensive surgical procedures, and w7thout the requirement that large openings be established or formed within the body.
In the gathering of biopsy samples for clinical diagnosis, certain characteristics, conditions as well as the nature of the sample can be deter-10 mined by pathological examination. For such examination to be meaningful forthe clinical diagnosis, the biopsy sample material must be obtained in sufficient and adequate quantit,ies and also in undamaged condition.
At the present time, a variety of specific biopsy instruments are being utilized for obtaining specimens, with certain of these methods and apparatus making use of cylindrical punches having barbed hooks disposed thereon. However, such instruments are normally~cumbersome when being utilized for obtaining biopsy specimens from fibrous or muscular tissue, and may suffer the disadvantage of either damaging the sample or of obtaining extre-mely minute quantities for pathological examination. Accordingly, it is deemed 20 desirable to utilize a device which reduces the complexity of the procedure for the patient as well as the operator, thereby reducing the incidents of complica-tions resulting therefrom, and also to utilize apparatus which neither damages nor destroys the specimen when being obtained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Brlefly, in accordance wlth the present invention, a biopsy means Is provlded for obtalnlng fibrous or muscle tissue specimens from a body, the means comprlsing a cyllndrlcal shaft hav7ng a tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutt7ng tip. A sample retaining cavity is formed in the shaft and Ts arranged wlth an overhang7ng forwardly d7sposed obliquely formed barb provid7ng a gener-30 ally sharpened hook forwardly of the cavlty. The hook 7s spaced from the t7p andremote from the tapered po7nt of the blade, the hook forming an overhanging barb enclosing a portion of the sample reta7n7ng cav7ty. A hollow sheath is arranged to sl7dably envelope the shaft and the sheath is provided w7th a tapered forward cutt7ng edge in continuation with the taper formed on the shaft, to thereby form an 1037~07 extension of the pointed puncturing and cutting tip. The sheath is slldable overthe shaft between predetermined retracted and extended dispositions, w7th the forward edges of the sheath enclosing the entire axial extent of the barb when the sheath is in predetermined forward or extended disposition and with the sharpened inwardly directed tip of the barb being exposed when the sheath is in retracted disposition.
Thus, the sheath is disposed so as to cover the sample receiving cavity and the hook means and to provide a controllable cutting means while being moved forwardly from open to closed dispositions. The device is utilized ;
to puncture the body with its forward sharpened tip with a stabbing push while the sheath encloses the barbed portion, and when the pertinent area or zone to ~ -be examined is reached, the sheath is withdrawn, while the blade is advanced so as to engage fibrous tissue or muscular tissue within the hook or barb zone.
When the tissue has been gathered, the sheath is then moved forwardly prefer- -~
ably with radial twisting or otherwise advanced over the area being covered by the blade until the predetermined forward point is reached so as to sever the -~ `
gathered tissue and capture it within the specimen retaining cavity zone adjacent the barb or hook. The apparatus with its smooth outer contour is then withdrawn and the biopsy specimen utilized for its intended purpose of examination for diagnostic purposes.
Therefore, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an improved biopsy gathering device, particularly adapted to gather fibrous or muscular tissue without requiring unusual or difficult surgical procedures.
It is st711 a further object of the present invention to provide an improved device for obtaining biopsy specimens which device obtains specimens with minimal discomfort for the patient, and with a resulting minimal degree of ~
damage or exposure to damajge for the gathered specimen. ~ ;
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an im-proved device for obtaining biopsy specimens which reduces the complexity of theprocedures for the operator, and thereby reduces the extent of complications resulting therefrom.
A principal object of the invention is to provide biopsy means for obtaining muscle tissue specimens from a body and comprising: blade means comprising a generally cylindrical shaft and having a shank portion with an ;: :. . . .. . , : . ~ - , ` ~ 1037~07 inwardly tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip; hollow tubular sheath means slidably enveloping said blade means wlth free axial and arcuate rotational motion of said sheath means relative to said cyl7ndrical shaft and providing a hollow blade receiving sleeve with the circumferential distal tip end of said sheath terminating along a plane normal to the tubular axis and being tapered inwardly at the distal tip end in continuation with the taper formed on said blade and forming an extension of said pointed puncturing and cutting tip; a sample receiving slot formed in said blade means and forming a sample retaining cavity in said blade at a point spaced from the distal tip therefor and disposed adjacent the surface of said shaft along said shank portion and adjacent said tapered zone; said sheath being slidable over said ::
blade between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of said sheath enclosing said sample receiving slot when said blade is in said retracted disposition and with the said sample receiving cavity being exposed when said blade is in said extended disposition; and detent means being formed along said cylindrical shaft, and a mating plunger member is provided along the axial length of said sheath means, the arrangement being such that when said distal tip end of said sheath reaches the proximate end of the taper formed on said blade, said plunger is received within said detent means.
Other and further objects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a study of the following specification, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
.:. `' :
`'` ~037~07 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 Is a s7de elevatlonal vlew of the blopsy devlce of the present invention, and illustrating the cylindrical shaft with the sleeve portlon be7ng removed therefrom; : . :
Figure 2 is a side elevational vlew of the sleeve portlon which co-operates with the portion of the device illustrated in Figure 1; ~;
Figure 3 is a side elevational view illustrating the cylindrical shaft of Figure 1 having the sleeve element of Figure 2 disposed thereover, and : - .
illustrating, in phantom, the disposition of the .forward portion of the sheath . -when in extended disposition over the shaft portion; -~
Figure 4 is a view simllar to Figure 1, and Illustrating the disposi-tion of gripping hooks formed with7n the sample retaining cavTty; : :
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4, and Tllustrat7ng a second form of gripping hook whlr,c:h may be utilized to TmmobTlTze or otherwTse fTrmly grTpspecTmens wTthTn the sample receTvTng cavTty;
Figure 6 Ts a sectTonal view taken through the dTameter of a cylTndrT-cal shaft slmilar to that devTce Tllustrated Tn FTgure 1, wTth a through-bore beTng .
formed thereTn to receTve a sample retaTnTng hook element, such as that Tllustra-ted Tn FTgure 7; ~rj ~. ' FTgure 7 Ts a side elevational vTew of a sample gatherTng hook whTch f: .
is utilized Tn combinatTon wTth the devTce Tllustrated Tn FTgure 6; ~ .
Flgure 8 Ts a vettTcal sectional vTew taken through the diameter of :~ .
the shaft of FTgure 6, and TllustratTng the sample gatherlng hook of FTgure 7 In place wlthln the cyllndrlcal shaft devlce of FTgure 6, and further TllustratTng a . .
sample be1ng retalned wlthln the sample receTvTng cavTty, Tt beTng noted that the sheath means Is shown removed from the devTce of FTgure B; ~;.` -. Flgure 9 Ts a per Ispectlve vTew of a bTopsy devTce of the presentTnventTon, whTch Includes a predetermTned stop element dTsposed along the length , of the cylTndrTcal shaft, FTgure 9 Tllustrating the cylTndrTcal shaft wTth the sleeve portlon in retracted dlsposltTon thereover;
FTgure 10 Ts a detaTI perspectTve vTew on a sllght~y enlarged scale, of the tlp portlon only of the devlce in the dlsposTtTon Tl lustrated Tn FTgure 9; ;~ .
Flgure 11 Is a vlew slmllar to Flgure 10, but showTng the sleeve portTon Tn Tts forwardly extended dTsposTtTon;
_3_ -' ~037~7 Figure 12 is a sectional view taken through the dlameter of the modl-fication;illustrated in Figure 9, and Illustratlng the sleeve in predetermlned for-ward dispositions;
Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 and 711ustrating the sleeve in retracted disposition; and Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in the directionof the arrows 14-140f Figure 13.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In acco rdance with the preferred modification of the present inven-10 tion, and with Particular attention being directed to Figures 1, 2 and 3, thebiopsy means generally designated 10 comprises a cylindrical shaft portion or element 11, the shaft having a shank portion 12 along with a tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip 13, terminating in a point 14. A hollow sheath means 15 is arranged to slidably envelope the shaft 11 and prov7des a hollow shaft receiving sleeve fof the shaft 11. The tip end or edge of the forward sur-face of the sheath is tapered as at 16 to form a cutting edge, with this taper being generally In continuation wtth the taper formed on the blade to form an extension of the pointed puncturing and cutting tip area 13. It will be apprec7a-ted that the taper formed on the tip 13 of shank 12 may be either cylindrical In form, or may comprise a bevel-like end which in effect slices across the dia- -~
meter of the shaft to form a sharpened, generally semi-cylindrical cuttlng or puncturing surface.
' A slot is formed in the shaft means 11 as at 20, and is arranged obliquely to the central axis of the shaft to form a generally sharpened hook in the shaft at a point spaced from the tlp 14. The lateral edges of the upper portlon , of the blade remainlng after the slot has been fc~rmed are, of course, tapered so as to form a generally sharplened hook as at 21, wlth these lateral edges belng sharpened so as to form a sharpened cuttlng edge. The overhanging portlon of the hook Is, as Indlcated, spaced from the tlp of the blade. ~;
It wlll be noted, therefore, that the hook 20 has a polnt 2t whlch Is dlrected toward the proxlmate end of the blade and comprlses an overhanglng ~;
barb partially enveloping the sample-recelvlng cavlty 20 wlth opposed walls.
; The sample retalnlng cavlty is preferably formed In a plane whlch Is -. .
dlsposed substantTally parallel to the axis of the shaft to form a hook or barb ~ ~`
~ 037~07 , element. This sharpened tip area and cooperating sample retainlng cavity plane has been found to diminish or otherwise reduce the tendency to damage the specimen to be obtained.
In use, therefore, the operator initially places the sheath over the shaft and advances the sheath to cover the sample retaining cavity at the tip portion of the structure, and urges the device forward with a stabbing push.
Upon reaching the tissue area to be examined, the operator extends the blade forwardly while retracting the sheath, and urges the shaft forwardly. When - -the blade has entered the muscle or other fibrous tissue to a desired extent, 10 the sheath is then forced forwardly with relative rotation about; the shaft, if desired, and is thereby utilized to cut away or shear the muscle tissue which has become held within the sample retaining cavity of the device, that is, the material retained within the specimen retainlng cavity, as is indicated Tn detail in Figure 3 as at 25. With the sample thus retalned, the device is retracted from the body and the sample then made available for examination for diagnostic ' purposes.
Attention is now directed to that embodiment of the device illustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings, wherein there is illustrated a cylindrical shaft element 30 having a sharpened tip portTon as at 31 terminattng in a pointed 20 cutting edge 32, and w7th an intermediate sampl~ retalning cavity 33 being formed along the shaft 30. Sample retalning cavity 33 is provided w7th a plural-ity of upstanding sample engaglng hooks or teeth 34-34 which have sharpened tlp portions adapted to capture the tissue and retaln it convenlently with7n the sample retalnlng cavlty. In this embodlment, a sleeve similar to that sleeve element lS Illustrated in Figure 2 will be employed, with the manner of employ-ment belng slmilar to that illustrated In Figure 3.
~; Attention Is now directed to Figure 5 of the draw7ngs wheretn a ~`
stlll further modlficatlon Is Illustrated whereln the shaft 30 Is provlded wlth axlally extending Inwardly dlrected hooks 36-36 whlch are arranged to engage 30 tissue coming wlthin the confines of sample retainlng cavity 33. The functlon, structure and use of the device Illustrated in Flgure S is similar to t~hat :
descrlbed in connectlon with Flgure 4 herelnabove.
AttentTon Ts now dTrected to Figures 6, 7 and B wherein stlll a - -- further embodiment of the apparatus is shown, In this embodiment, the _5_ '.' ' ',' ,:
103'~07 cylindrical shaft 40 is provided having a sharpened forwardly extending tlp 41 terminating in point 42. A sample retain1ng cavity is formed 1n the shank of the shaft 40 as at 43, with the purpose of this cavity being the same as that illustra-ted in the embodiments of Figures 1-5 inclusive. A central or ax7al bore is formed within shaft 40 as at 45, with this bore being arranged to receive the sample retaining hook element 46 therewithin. i~ok element 46 terminates in a tip 47, having a barb formed therein with a barbed zone being shown at 48. For purposes of controlled disposition of element 46 within shaft 40, a knurled head 7s provided as illustrated at 49.
In Figure 8, the element 46 is shown inserted within the bore 45 formed in shaft 40 and biopsy specimen or sample 50 is illustrated as be7ng re-tained or held within the confines of sample retaining cavity 43. Also, as is apparent in the illustration of Figure 6, sleeve 15 is received over the circum-ference of shaft 40 in the manner as has been illustrated in connectlon wlth the structures of Figures 1-5 inclusive. -~
Attention is now directed to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 9-14 inclusive wherein the biopsy means generally deslgnated 60 is shown, with this device being generally similar to that shown and described in connection with Figures 1-8 inclusive hereinabove. In thls embodiment, however, the 20 cylindrical shaft 61 having a sleeve element 62 disposed thereover, is provided wlth an annular detent slot 64 about the proximate end of the cylindrical shaft.
It is the purpose of this annular detent to receive sprlng-biased plunger 65 therewlthin, spring-biased plunger havlng been dlsposed within bore 66 formed in sleeve 62, w7th spring 67 ass7sting in biasing the plunger 65 downwardly.
Set screw 68 Is provlded to fully capture the assembly.
The axial disposition of the annular slot 64 is predetermined so as to provlde a cont7nuous cutttng edge from the sharpened tip to the outer circum-ference of the sleeve 62, and also to enable the surgeon to ascertain when thls predetermined positlon has been reached.
Thus, In operation, the device is placed in Its operative dispositlon~
as illustrated in Figure 12, and inserted Tnto the body to the extent necessary to reach the area or zone to be examined. Upon reachtng this point, the shaft Is ~-contlnually advanced Into the zone, with the sleeve being permltted to become retracted until the disposition is reached as illustrated tn Flgure 13. At this : . ~ .:
point, the surgeon, by grasping the knurled gripping port10n 69 of the sleeve, will rotate the sleeve radially while advancing the sleeve portlon only forwardly into the body. This motion cuts away the area captured withln the barbed zone, with the cut being clean, decisive, and uniform. The integrity of the sample is accordingly preserved. Upon reaching the disposition of Figure 12, the plunger 65 drops into the slotted area 64, and the entire device is then removed.
The structures of the present invention provide an opportunity to obtain samples of relatively large size because of the broad base of the cylindri-.. . .
cal structure. The sharp edges of the sheath are arranged to rotationally cut 10 the fibrous bundle as the device enters the muscle, this being accomplishedwithout causing unusual damage to either the sample or residual tissue. This procedure is also accomplished without unusual or difficult surgical procedures invo lved.
"
. ' ' .
`, : ' , ' ' . - .
:' ,-'
The present inventlon relates generally to an improved blopsy device, and more particularly to a means for obtaining muscle tlssue or other fibrous samples. The biopsy apparatus of the present invention 7s particularly adapted to obtain such samples without requiring the pat7ent to undergo unusual or extensive surgical procedures, and w7thout the requirement that large openings be established or formed within the body.
In the gathering of biopsy samples for clinical diagnosis, certain characteristics, conditions as well as the nature of the sample can be deter-10 mined by pathological examination. For such examination to be meaningful forthe clinical diagnosis, the biopsy sample material must be obtained in sufficient and adequate quantit,ies and also in undamaged condition.
At the present time, a variety of specific biopsy instruments are being utilized for obtaining specimens, with certain of these methods and apparatus making use of cylindrical punches having barbed hooks disposed thereon. However, such instruments are normally~cumbersome when being utilized for obtaining biopsy specimens from fibrous or muscular tissue, and may suffer the disadvantage of either damaging the sample or of obtaining extre-mely minute quantities for pathological examination. Accordingly, it is deemed 20 desirable to utilize a device which reduces the complexity of the procedure for the patient as well as the operator, thereby reducing the incidents of complica-tions resulting therefrom, and also to utilize apparatus which neither damages nor destroys the specimen when being obtained.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
Brlefly, in accordance wlth the present invention, a biopsy means Is provlded for obtalnlng fibrous or muscle tissue specimens from a body, the means comprlsing a cyllndrlcal shaft hav7ng a tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutt7ng tip. A sample retaining cavity is formed in the shaft and Ts arranged wlth an overhang7ng forwardly d7sposed obliquely formed barb provid7ng a gener-30 ally sharpened hook forwardly of the cavlty. The hook 7s spaced from the t7p andremote from the tapered po7nt of the blade, the hook forming an overhanging barb enclosing a portion of the sample reta7n7ng cav7ty. A hollow sheath is arranged to sl7dably envelope the shaft and the sheath is provided w7th a tapered forward cutt7ng edge in continuation with the taper formed on the shaft, to thereby form an 1037~07 extension of the pointed puncturing and cutting tip. The sheath is slldable overthe shaft between predetermined retracted and extended dispositions, w7th the forward edges of the sheath enclosing the entire axial extent of the barb when the sheath is in predetermined forward or extended disposition and with the sharpened inwardly directed tip of the barb being exposed when the sheath is in retracted disposition.
Thus, the sheath is disposed so as to cover the sample receiving cavity and the hook means and to provide a controllable cutting means while being moved forwardly from open to closed dispositions. The device is utilized ;
to puncture the body with its forward sharpened tip with a stabbing push while the sheath encloses the barbed portion, and when the pertinent area or zone to ~ -be examined is reached, the sheath is withdrawn, while the blade is advanced so as to engage fibrous tissue or muscular tissue within the hook or barb zone.
When the tissue has been gathered, the sheath is then moved forwardly prefer- -~
ably with radial twisting or otherwise advanced over the area being covered by the blade until the predetermined forward point is reached so as to sever the -~ `
gathered tissue and capture it within the specimen retaining cavity zone adjacent the barb or hook. The apparatus with its smooth outer contour is then withdrawn and the biopsy specimen utilized for its intended purpose of examination for diagnostic purposes.
Therefore, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide an improved biopsy gathering device, particularly adapted to gather fibrous or muscular tissue without requiring unusual or difficult surgical procedures.
It is st711 a further object of the present invention to provide an improved device for obtaining biopsy specimens which device obtains specimens with minimal discomfort for the patient, and with a resulting minimal degree of ~
damage or exposure to damajge for the gathered specimen. ~ ;
It is yet a further object of the present invention to provide an im-proved device for obtaining biopsy specimens which reduces the complexity of theprocedures for the operator, and thereby reduces the extent of complications resulting therefrom.
A principal object of the invention is to provide biopsy means for obtaining muscle tissue specimens from a body and comprising: blade means comprising a generally cylindrical shaft and having a shank portion with an ;: :. . . .. . , : . ~ - , ` ~ 1037~07 inwardly tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip; hollow tubular sheath means slidably enveloping said blade means wlth free axial and arcuate rotational motion of said sheath means relative to said cyl7ndrical shaft and providing a hollow blade receiving sleeve with the circumferential distal tip end of said sheath terminating along a plane normal to the tubular axis and being tapered inwardly at the distal tip end in continuation with the taper formed on said blade and forming an extension of said pointed puncturing and cutting tip; a sample receiving slot formed in said blade means and forming a sample retaining cavity in said blade at a point spaced from the distal tip therefor and disposed adjacent the surface of said shaft along said shank portion and adjacent said tapered zone; said sheath being slidable over said ::
blade between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of said sheath enclosing said sample receiving slot when said blade is in said retracted disposition and with the said sample receiving cavity being exposed when said blade is in said extended disposition; and detent means being formed along said cylindrical shaft, and a mating plunger member is provided along the axial length of said sheath means, the arrangement being such that when said distal tip end of said sheath reaches the proximate end of the taper formed on said blade, said plunger is received within said detent means.
Other and further objects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon a study of the following specification, appended claims, and accompanying drawings.
.:. `' :
`'` ~037~07 BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 Is a s7de elevatlonal vlew of the blopsy devlce of the present invention, and illustrating the cylindrical shaft with the sleeve portlon be7ng removed therefrom; : . :
Figure 2 is a side elevational vlew of the sleeve portlon which co-operates with the portion of the device illustrated in Figure 1; ~;
Figure 3 is a side elevational view illustrating the cylindrical shaft of Figure 1 having the sleeve element of Figure 2 disposed thereover, and : - .
illustrating, in phantom, the disposition of the .forward portion of the sheath . -when in extended disposition over the shaft portion; -~
Figure 4 is a view simllar to Figure 1, and Illustrating the disposi-tion of gripping hooks formed with7n the sample retaining cavTty; : :
Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 4, and Tllustrat7ng a second form of gripping hook whlr,c:h may be utilized to TmmobTlTze or otherwTse fTrmly grTpspecTmens wTthTn the sample receTvTng cavTty;
Figure 6 Ts a sectTonal view taken through the dTameter of a cylTndrT-cal shaft slmilar to that devTce Tllustrated Tn FTgure 1, wTth a through-bore beTng .
formed thereTn to receTve a sample retaTnTng hook element, such as that Tllustra-ted Tn FTgure 7; ~rj ~. ' FTgure 7 Ts a side elevational vTew of a sample gatherTng hook whTch f: .
is utilized Tn combinatTon wTth the devTce Tllustrated Tn FTgure 6; ~ .
Flgure 8 Ts a vettTcal sectional vTew taken through the diameter of :~ .
the shaft of FTgure 6, and TllustratTng the sample gatherlng hook of FTgure 7 In place wlthln the cyllndrlcal shaft devlce of FTgure 6, and further TllustratTng a . .
sample be1ng retalned wlthln the sample receTvTng cavTty, Tt beTng noted that the sheath means Is shown removed from the devTce of FTgure B; ~;.` -. Flgure 9 Ts a per Ispectlve vTew of a bTopsy devTce of the presentTnventTon, whTch Includes a predetermTned stop element dTsposed along the length , of the cylTndrTcal shaft, FTgure 9 Tllustrating the cylTndrTcal shaft wTth the sleeve portlon in retracted dlsposltTon thereover;
FTgure 10 Ts a detaTI perspectTve vTew on a sllght~y enlarged scale, of the tlp portlon only of the devlce in the dlsposTtTon Tl lustrated Tn FTgure 9; ;~ .
Flgure 11 Is a vlew slmllar to Flgure 10, but showTng the sleeve portTon Tn Tts forwardly extended dTsposTtTon;
_3_ -' ~037~7 Figure 12 is a sectional view taken through the dlameter of the modl-fication;illustrated in Figure 9, and Illustratlng the sleeve in predetermlned for-ward dispositions;
Figure 13 is a view similar to Figure 12 and 711ustrating the sleeve in retracted disposition; and Figure 14 is a vertical sectional view taken along the line and in the directionof the arrows 14-140f Figure 13.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
In acco rdance with the preferred modification of the present inven-10 tion, and with Particular attention being directed to Figures 1, 2 and 3, thebiopsy means generally designated 10 comprises a cylindrical shaft portion or element 11, the shaft having a shank portion 12 along with a tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip 13, terminating in a point 14. A hollow sheath means 15 is arranged to slidably envelope the shaft 11 and prov7des a hollow shaft receiving sleeve fof the shaft 11. The tip end or edge of the forward sur-face of the sheath is tapered as at 16 to form a cutting edge, with this taper being generally In continuation wtth the taper formed on the blade to form an extension of the pointed puncturing and cutting tip area 13. It will be apprec7a-ted that the taper formed on the tip 13 of shank 12 may be either cylindrical In form, or may comprise a bevel-like end which in effect slices across the dia- -~
meter of the shaft to form a sharpened, generally semi-cylindrical cuttlng or puncturing surface.
' A slot is formed in the shaft means 11 as at 20, and is arranged obliquely to the central axis of the shaft to form a generally sharpened hook in the shaft at a point spaced from the tlp 14. The lateral edges of the upper portlon , of the blade remainlng after the slot has been fc~rmed are, of course, tapered so as to form a generally sharplened hook as at 21, wlth these lateral edges belng sharpened so as to form a sharpened cuttlng edge. The overhanging portlon of the hook Is, as Indlcated, spaced from the tlp of the blade. ~;
It wlll be noted, therefore, that the hook 20 has a polnt 2t whlch Is dlrected toward the proxlmate end of the blade and comprlses an overhanglng ~;
barb partially enveloping the sample-recelvlng cavlty 20 wlth opposed walls.
; The sample retalnlng cavlty is preferably formed In a plane whlch Is -. .
dlsposed substantTally parallel to the axis of the shaft to form a hook or barb ~ ~`
~ 037~07 , element. This sharpened tip area and cooperating sample retainlng cavity plane has been found to diminish or otherwise reduce the tendency to damage the specimen to be obtained.
In use, therefore, the operator initially places the sheath over the shaft and advances the sheath to cover the sample retaining cavity at the tip portion of the structure, and urges the device forward with a stabbing push.
Upon reaching the tissue area to be examined, the operator extends the blade forwardly while retracting the sheath, and urges the shaft forwardly. When - -the blade has entered the muscle or other fibrous tissue to a desired extent, 10 the sheath is then forced forwardly with relative rotation about; the shaft, if desired, and is thereby utilized to cut away or shear the muscle tissue which has become held within the sample retaining cavity of the device, that is, the material retained within the specimen retainlng cavity, as is indicated Tn detail in Figure 3 as at 25. With the sample thus retalned, the device is retracted from the body and the sample then made available for examination for diagnostic ' purposes.
Attention is now directed to that embodiment of the device illustrated in Figure 4 of the drawings, wherein there is illustrated a cylindrical shaft element 30 having a sharpened tip portTon as at 31 terminattng in a pointed 20 cutting edge 32, and w7th an intermediate sampl~ retalning cavity 33 being formed along the shaft 30. Sample retalning cavity 33 is provided w7th a plural-ity of upstanding sample engaglng hooks or teeth 34-34 which have sharpened tlp portions adapted to capture the tissue and retaln it convenlently with7n the sample retalnlng cavlty. In this embodlment, a sleeve similar to that sleeve element lS Illustrated in Figure 2 will be employed, with the manner of employ-ment belng slmilar to that illustrated In Figure 3.
~; Attention Is now directed to Figure 5 of the draw7ngs wheretn a ~`
stlll further modlficatlon Is Illustrated whereln the shaft 30 Is provlded wlth axlally extending Inwardly dlrected hooks 36-36 whlch are arranged to engage 30 tissue coming wlthin the confines of sample retainlng cavity 33. The functlon, structure and use of the device Illustrated in Flgure S is similar to t~hat :
descrlbed in connectlon with Flgure 4 herelnabove.
AttentTon Ts now dTrected to Figures 6, 7 and B wherein stlll a - -- further embodiment of the apparatus is shown, In this embodiment, the _5_ '.' ' ',' ,:
103'~07 cylindrical shaft 40 is provided having a sharpened forwardly extending tlp 41 terminating in point 42. A sample retain1ng cavity is formed 1n the shank of the shaft 40 as at 43, with the purpose of this cavity being the same as that illustra-ted in the embodiments of Figures 1-5 inclusive. A central or ax7al bore is formed within shaft 40 as at 45, with this bore being arranged to receive the sample retaining hook element 46 therewithin. i~ok element 46 terminates in a tip 47, having a barb formed therein with a barbed zone being shown at 48. For purposes of controlled disposition of element 46 within shaft 40, a knurled head 7s provided as illustrated at 49.
In Figure 8, the element 46 is shown inserted within the bore 45 formed in shaft 40 and biopsy specimen or sample 50 is illustrated as be7ng re-tained or held within the confines of sample retaining cavity 43. Also, as is apparent in the illustration of Figure 6, sleeve 15 is received over the circum-ference of shaft 40 in the manner as has been illustrated in connectlon wlth the structures of Figures 1-5 inclusive. -~
Attention is now directed to the embodiment illustrated in Figures 9-14 inclusive wherein the biopsy means generally deslgnated 60 is shown, with this device being generally similar to that shown and described in connection with Figures 1-8 inclusive hereinabove. In thls embodiment, however, the 20 cylindrical shaft 61 having a sleeve element 62 disposed thereover, is provided wlth an annular detent slot 64 about the proximate end of the cylindrical shaft.
It is the purpose of this annular detent to receive sprlng-biased plunger 65 therewlthin, spring-biased plunger havlng been dlsposed within bore 66 formed in sleeve 62, w7th spring 67 ass7sting in biasing the plunger 65 downwardly.
Set screw 68 Is provlded to fully capture the assembly.
The axial disposition of the annular slot 64 is predetermined so as to provlde a cont7nuous cutttng edge from the sharpened tip to the outer circum-ference of the sleeve 62, and also to enable the surgeon to ascertain when thls predetermined positlon has been reached.
Thus, In operation, the device is placed in Its operative dispositlon~
as illustrated in Figure 12, and inserted Tnto the body to the extent necessary to reach the area or zone to be examined. Upon reachtng this point, the shaft Is ~-contlnually advanced Into the zone, with the sleeve being permltted to become retracted until the disposition is reached as illustrated tn Flgure 13. At this : . ~ .:
point, the surgeon, by grasping the knurled gripping port10n 69 of the sleeve, will rotate the sleeve radially while advancing the sleeve portlon only forwardly into the body. This motion cuts away the area captured withln the barbed zone, with the cut being clean, decisive, and uniform. The integrity of the sample is accordingly preserved. Upon reaching the disposition of Figure 12, the plunger 65 drops into the slotted area 64, and the entire device is then removed.
The structures of the present invention provide an opportunity to obtain samples of relatively large size because of the broad base of the cylindri-.. . .
cal structure. The sharp edges of the sheath are arranged to rotationally cut 10 the fibrous bundle as the device enters the muscle, this being accomplishedwithout causing unusual damage to either the sample or residual tissue. This procedure is also accomplished without unusual or difficult surgical procedures invo lved.
"
. ' ' .
`, : ' , ' ' . - .
:' ,-'
Claims (4)
1. Biopsy means for obtaining muscle tissue specimens from a body and comprising:
(a) blade means comprising a generally cylindrical shaft and having a shank portion with an inwardly tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip;
(b) hollow tubular sheath means slidably enveloping said blade means with free axial and arcuate rotational motion of said sheath means relative to said cylindrical shaft and providing a hollow blade receiving sleeve with the circumferential distal tip end of said sheath terminating along a plane normal to the tubular axis and being tapered inwardly at the distal tip end in continuation with the taper formed on said blade and forming an extension of said pointed puncturing and cutting tip;
(c) a sample receiving slot formed in said blade means and forming a sample retaining cavity in said blade at a point spaced from the distal tip thereof and disposed adjacent the surface of said shaft along said shank portion and adjacent said tapered zone;
(d) said sheath being slidable over said blade between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of said sheath enclosing said sample receiving slot when said blade is in said retracted disposition and with the said sample receiving cavity being exposed when said blade is in said extended disposition; and (e) detent means being formed along said cylindrical shaft, and a mating plunger member is provided along the axial length of said sheath means, the arrangement being such that when said distal tip end of said sheath reaches the proximate end of the taper formed on said blade, said plunger is received within said detent means.
(a) blade means comprising a generally cylindrical shaft and having a shank portion with an inwardly tapered pointed distal puncturing and cutting tip;
(b) hollow tubular sheath means slidably enveloping said blade means with free axial and arcuate rotational motion of said sheath means relative to said cylindrical shaft and providing a hollow blade receiving sleeve with the circumferential distal tip end of said sheath terminating along a plane normal to the tubular axis and being tapered inwardly at the distal tip end in continuation with the taper formed on said blade and forming an extension of said pointed puncturing and cutting tip;
(c) a sample receiving slot formed in said blade means and forming a sample retaining cavity in said blade at a point spaced from the distal tip thereof and disposed adjacent the surface of said shaft along said shank portion and adjacent said tapered zone;
(d) said sheath being slidable over said blade between retracted and extended dispositions, with the forward edges of said sheath enclosing said sample receiving slot when said blade is in said retracted disposition and with the said sample receiving cavity being exposed when said blade is in said extended disposition; and (e) detent means being formed along said cylindrical shaft, and a mating plunger member is provided along the axial length of said sheath means, the arrangement being such that when said distal tip end of said sheath reaches the proximate end of the taper formed on said blade, said plunger is received within said detent means.
2. The biopsy means as defined in claim 1 being particularly characterized in that said sample receiving slot is arranged obliquely to the central axis of said shaft to form a generally sharpened hook in said blade means at a point spaced from the distal tip thereof, said hook having a point directed toward the proximate end of said blade and comprising an overhanging barb forming an upper wall of a sample retaining cavity within said blade means, the edge portions of said overhanging barb being sharpened to present a cutting edge.
3. The biopsy means as defined in claim 1 being particularly characterized in that sample engaging hook means are provided within the confines of said sample receiving slot.
4. The biopsy means as defined in claim 1 being particularly characterized in that a bore is formed within said cylindrical shaft, and a sample engaging hook means is provided in combination with said biopsy means, said sample engaging hook means being slidably received axially within said bore and with the hook means being disposed within said slot when said hook means is advanced into said slot, with said hook means including a shaft having a gripping handle at one end thereof and a sample engaging hook at the other end thereof, with said shaft having a length greater than the axial distance from the forward end of said sample receiving slot to the proximal end of said cylindrical shaft so as to be sufficient to carry said hook means into the con-fines of said sample retaining cavity.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US432097A US3929123A (en) | 1973-02-07 | 1974-01-09 | Muscle biopsy needle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1037807A true CA1037807A (en) | 1978-09-05 |
Family
ID=23714768
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA199,267A Expired CA1037807A (en) | 1974-01-09 | 1974-05-08 | Muscle biopsy needle |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5223191B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1037807A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB1450853A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5394887A (en) * | 1994-01-14 | 1995-03-07 | Haaga; John R. | Biopsy needle |
| JPH10137248A (en) * | 1996-11-13 | 1998-05-26 | Olympus Optical Co Ltd | Suction biopsy tool |
| AU5189999A (en) * | 1998-08-26 | 2000-03-21 | Parlanca Limited | A sampling device |
| WO2006015302A1 (en) * | 2004-07-29 | 2006-02-09 | X-Sten, Corp. | Spinal ligament modification devices |
| US11307008B2 (en) | 2015-11-11 | 2022-04-19 | Byrna Technologies Inc. | Dart and dart retainer |
| RU2656063C2 (en) * | 2016-10-31 | 2018-05-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Дагестанский государственный медицинский университет" Министерства здравоохранения РФ | Troakar container for endosurgical interventions |
| CA3078154A1 (en) * | 2017-10-05 | 2019-04-11 | Universitat Basel | Core biopsy needle |
-
1974
- 1974-05-08 CA CA199,267A patent/CA1037807A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-06-12 GB GB2597774A patent/GB1450853A/en not_active Expired
- 1974-07-02 JP JP49075775A patent/JPS5223191B2/ja not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| GB1450853A (en) | 1976-09-29 |
| JPS5223191B2 (en) | 1977-06-22 |
| JPS50100882A (en) | 1975-08-09 |
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