CA1037518A - Telescoping container body for dump truck - Google Patents
Telescoping container body for dump truckInfo
- Publication number
- CA1037518A CA1037518A CA269,654A CA269654A CA1037518A CA 1037518 A CA1037518 A CA 1037518A CA 269654 A CA269654 A CA 269654A CA 1037518 A CA1037518 A CA 1037518A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- container body
- section
- front section
- back section
- telescoped
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60P—VEHICLES ADAPTED FOR LOAD TRANSPORTATION OR TO TRANSPORT, TO CARRY, OR TO COMPRISE SPECIAL LOADS OR OBJECTS
- B60P1/00—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading
- B60P1/04—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element
- B60P1/30—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element in combination with another movement of the element
- B60P1/32—Vehicles predominantly for transporting loads and modified to facilitate loading, consolidating the load, or unloading with a tipping movement of load-transporting element in combination with another movement of the element the other movement being lateral displacement
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Refuse-Collection Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE
A dump truck having a telescoping container body which is initially telescoped to a reduced length to discharge a portion of the load and thereafter elevated to discharge the remainder of the load in the manner of a conventional dump truck.
The front section of the container body is longer than the back section so that a portion of the front section will project rear-wardly from the back section when the sections are located in the retracted position whereby the centre of gravity of the telescoped sections is more than that of the back section alone when the telescoped sections are elevated for dumping. The drive mechanism for driving the front and back section relative to one another consists of a rack mounted on the front section and a reciprocating drive means mounted on the truck. A pawl is mounted on the drive mechanism and engages the rack to selectively push or pull the front section as required. The length of the stroke of the drive mechanism is substantially shorter than the total length of movement of the sections between the extended and retracted positions thereof.
A dump truck having a telescoping container body which is initially telescoped to a reduced length to discharge a portion of the load and thereafter elevated to discharge the remainder of the load in the manner of a conventional dump truck.
The front section of the container body is longer than the back section so that a portion of the front section will project rear-wardly from the back section when the sections are located in the retracted position whereby the centre of gravity of the telescoped sections is more than that of the back section alone when the telescoped sections are elevated for dumping. The drive mechanism for driving the front and back section relative to one another consists of a rack mounted on the front section and a reciprocating drive means mounted on the truck. A pawl is mounted on the drive mechanism and engages the rack to selectively push or pull the front section as required. The length of the stroke of the drive mechanism is substantially shorter than the total length of movement of the sections between the extended and retracted positions thereof.
Description
~)375~L8 This inventlon relates to improvements in dump truc~s.
PRIOR ART
- The load carrying capacity Or a convent~onal dump truck ls limited by the ~act ~ha~ lt is necessary to maintain the length Or the container ~od~ at a length whlch can be elevated , ~or dumplng without rendering the vehicle unstable when the con~
tainer body is in the elevated position. It ls ror thls reason that the vast ma~ority o~ dump krucks whlch are presently avail~
able have a much shorter container body than ma~y,other road going ,'~
~0 transportation vehicles. Various attempts haYe been made to over~
come thls difrlculty and one suoh proposal ls contained in U. S.
Patent 3,361,477, dated January 2, 1968. This patent discloses , .
a structure in which two container bodies are mounted on a single ~ ;
~rame. The two container bodies are separate and distlnct bodies each derinin~ a separate and distinct~load carrylng compartment. -Both compartments are discharged by elevating the,~ront end , ~, thereor to discharge the load rrom~th~e rear end~ In order to~dls~
,c~targe a load, the rear compartment is elevated and then lowered ` ,, ~'and the ~ront compartment ls telescoped~withln the rear compart~
ment and the combined assembly is then elevated to unload thè
~ront compartment.~ When thls~structure ls used, it i5 essentlal ' to ensure that the front, and rear container bodies are separate and dlstlnct ~rom one another so that the rear compartment can b~ tipped independently Or the front~compartment. It is also necessary to ensure that the ~ront compartment is ~pa~ed -a sub~
~tantial distance forwardly o~ the rear compartment to permit the~
rear compartment to moYe to lts elevated position. For this ',~
reason there m~st be a substantlal space provlded between the rront and rear compartments when the vehicle is arranged ror ,~
transportation of the load. The space between these compar~ments ~03 75~1L8 is, ho~ever, lost space so rar as the bay load is concerned and consequently the full length of the vehicle is not loaded to its capacity.
Telescoping container bodies for trucl;s have previously been proposed. However, despite the fact that we have been assoc- -iated with the mahufacture of dump truck bodies for a great many years, we have not previously encountered a commercially acceptable vehicle which employed a telescoping container body.
A dumping truck employing a telescoping container body is described in U. S. Patent 2,663,439. In this structure the container body is made up of a large number of short lengths which are telescoped one within the other. The forward section has a front wall which is rearwardly and do-"nwardly inclined so as to ensure that it will be completely emptied when telescoped within the rearmost section. This structure is extremely complex and requires that the sections be telescoped one within the other in sequence so that the forward section is telescoped entirely within ;
the second section before the second section is telescoped ~ithin the third section and so forth. This requ~res an elaborate longi-tudinal drive mechanism. Phelps indicates that this structure is necessary in order to ensure that the telescoping action will effectively remove the load.
:: .
~ While telescoping container bodies have not obtained , ~ , .
wide acceptance and the trucking industry has accepted the dump trucks despite the-limitations in load carrying capacity, we have developed a container body structure l,~hich when considered as a whole provldes a container body which has a single load carrying compartment Or greater length than could normally be elevated for dumping and which consists of only two sections capable of telescoping one within the other to a length which is
PRIOR ART
- The load carrying capacity Or a convent~onal dump truck ls limited by the ~act ~ha~ lt is necessary to maintain the length Or the container ~od~ at a length whlch can be elevated , ~or dumplng without rendering the vehicle unstable when the con~
tainer body is in the elevated position. It ls ror thls reason that the vast ma~ority o~ dump krucks whlch are presently avail~
able have a much shorter container body than ma~y,other road going ,'~
~0 transportation vehicles. Various attempts haYe been made to over~
come thls difrlculty and one suoh proposal ls contained in U. S.
Patent 3,361,477, dated January 2, 1968. This patent discloses , .
a structure in which two container bodies are mounted on a single ~ ;
~rame. The two container bodies are separate and distlnct bodies each derinin~ a separate and distinct~load carrylng compartment. -Both compartments are discharged by elevating the,~ront end , ~, thereor to discharge the load rrom~th~e rear end~ In order to~dls~
,c~targe a load, the rear compartment is elevated and then lowered ` ,, ~'and the ~ront compartment ls telescoped~withln the rear compart~
ment and the combined assembly is then elevated to unload thè
~ront compartment.~ When thls~structure ls used, it i5 essentlal ' to ensure that the front, and rear container bodies are separate and dlstlnct ~rom one another so that the rear compartment can b~ tipped independently Or the front~compartment. It is also necessary to ensure that the ~ront compartment is ~pa~ed -a sub~
~tantial distance forwardly o~ the rear compartment to permit the~
rear compartment to moYe to lts elevated position. For this ',~
reason there m~st be a substantlal space provlded between the rront and rear compartments when the vehicle is arranged ror ,~
transportation of the load. The space between these compar~ments ~03 75~1L8 is, ho~ever, lost space so rar as the bay load is concerned and consequently the full length of the vehicle is not loaded to its capacity.
Telescoping container bodies for trucl;s have previously been proposed. However, despite the fact that we have been assoc- -iated with the mahufacture of dump truck bodies for a great many years, we have not previously encountered a commercially acceptable vehicle which employed a telescoping container body.
A dumping truck employing a telescoping container body is described in U. S. Patent 2,663,439. In this structure the container body is made up of a large number of short lengths which are telescoped one within the other. The forward section has a front wall which is rearwardly and do-"nwardly inclined so as to ensure that it will be completely emptied when telescoped within the rearmost section. This structure is extremely complex and requires that the sections be telescoped one within the other in sequence so that the forward section is telescoped entirely within ;
the second section before the second section is telescoped ~ithin the third section and so forth. This requ~res an elaborate longi-tudinal drive mechanism. Phelps indicates that this structure is necessary in order to ensure that the telescoping action will effectively remove the load.
:: .
~ While telescoping container bodies have not obtained , ~ , .
wide acceptance and the trucking industry has accepted the dump trucks despite the-limitations in load carrying capacity, we have developed a container body structure l,~hich when considered as a whole provldes a container body which has a single load carrying compartment Or greater length than could normally be elevated for dumping and which consists of only two sections capable of telescoping one within the other to a length which is
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sta~le ~hen elevated for dumpin~ purposes. The difficulties associate~ with the lacl Or stabilit!J Or dumping a lonp, contalner body have been eliminate~ by the fact that the len~th Or the ~ody is telescoped to a length which can be easily and safely ~-elevated for dumping. `~
The stability of the container body Or the present invention can be further improved by formin~ the front section Or the body with a length which is greater than that of the back section so that when the front section is telescoped within the ~;
10 back section, a portion of the front section will project rear- ;
wardly from the back section. This rearwardly pro;ecting portion will be located below the rear end Or the back portion when the container body is in the elevated dumping position. By locating a portion Or the front section of the container body below the rear end Or the back section, the centre of gravity Or the teles-coped container body is lowered despit;e the fact that the extended length Or the container body ls greater than that available when the front and back sections are Or substantially equal length.
According to one aspect of the invention there is -`
provided ln a dump truck having a longitudinally extending support frame, the improvement o~, the container body consisting Or a front section and a back section telescoped one within the other ~ ;~
: . .
and having a common container compartment formed inwardly thereof, -the front section ls mounted for longitudinal movement relative to the frame and the back section whereby thè front section may extend for~ardly from the back section to a first position in which the common compartment is Or substantially greater length than either of the sections taken alone and a second position in which the front section is telescoped with respect to the back sec-30 tion to a stable tippable length, the back section is pivotally ~ ;
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sta~le ~hen elevated for dumpin~ purposes. The difficulties associate~ with the lacl Or stabilit!J Or dumping a lonp, contalner body have been eliminate~ by the fact that the len~th Or the ~ody is telescoped to a length which can be easily and safely ~-elevated for dumping. `~
The stability of the container body Or the present invention can be further improved by formin~ the front section Or the body with a length which is greater than that of the back section so that when the front section is telescoped within the ~;
10 back section, a portion of the front section will project rear- ;
wardly from the back section. This rearwardly pro;ecting portion will be located below the rear end Or the back portion when the container body is in the elevated dumping position. By locating a portion Or the front section of the container body below the rear end Or the back section, the centre of gravity Or the teles-coped container body is lowered despit;e the fact that the extended length Or the container body ls greater than that available when the front and back sections are Or substantially equal length.
According to one aspect of the invention there is -`
provided ln a dump truck having a longitudinally extending support frame, the improvement o~, the container body consisting Or a front section and a back section telescoped one within the other ~ ;~
: . .
and having a common container compartment formed inwardly thereof, -the front section ls mounted for longitudinal movement relative to the frame and the back section whereby thè front section may extend for~ardly from the back section to a first position in which the common compartment is Or substantially greater length than either of the sections taken alone and a second position in which the front section is telescoped with respect to the back sec-30 tion to a stable tippable length, the back section is pivotally ~ ;
" . .,~, :
-3- ~ -:1~3753 ~3 mounted on sald frame so as to be movable betwee~ a lower posltion ror transportln~ a load in ar. elevated position ror du~ping a load and ~lrst drive means associated wlth the front section ~or driving the front section longitudinally Or the fra~e between sa~d .
first and second positions thereby to ef~ec,t a partial dischar~e o~ the load contained within the common container compartment rearwardly from the back section in response to movement towards ~aid second position in use, and second drive means associated -.
wlth sald back section ~or moving said back section from said ~, -lower2d position to said elevated position to complete the dis-. charge of a load rrom the common container by dumping action.
e invention will be more clearly understood after :, reference to.the following detalled specification read in con-~unctlon with the drawings wherein;
Fig. 1 is a side view Or a dump truck according to an ..
embodiment of the present invention; .;~ :
.
' . Flg. 2 is a partial side view of the dump truck body .~ 3howlng a first stage ln the discharge of a loadj O
: Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a further , 20 stage in the discharge o~ the load, ~ .
-Fig. 4 is a plan view o~ a container body, Fig. S is a plan view.simllar to Fig. 4 showing the addltion of a batch gate to the container body;
', Fig. 6 is a side view of a dump truck trailer ~ody in .
which the front section of the body is longer than the back ' .3ection; ,.
Fig. 7 is a vlew similar to Fig. 6 showing the con~
tainer body in the t@l~scoped and dump position;
Fig. B is a side view of a drive mechanism for ~eLes~
coping ~he container body;
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... . . . .. . . .
1~37 5 ~
Fi~, 9 is a top vlew of the drive mechanism ~f ~ig.
: : . ...
8; and Fig. 10 is a top view of a drive mechanism according to a further embodiment Or tl~e present invention.
With reference to the drawings, the reference numeral 10 refers generally to a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dump truck has a longitudinally ~ ~
. . ..
extending frame 12 on which the container body 14 is mounted. ' The container body 14 consists of a front section 16 and a back .~ .
section 18. The front sect~on 14 is adaDted to slide teles~
copically within the back section 18 and is reciprocally driven with respect to the frame 12 by means of a hydraulic drive unit 20. The back section 18 is mounted on a shaft 22 to pivot with , ~., respect to the frame 12. One end o~ the reciprocating hydraulic ,~
~. -drive unit 20 is mounted on the shaft 22 and the other end issecured to the front section 14 by a bracket 24. As shown in Fig. 3, a second hydraulic drive unit 26 has one end secured to a support structure 28 mounted on the frame 12 and another end pivotally mounted on a pivot pin 30 which is mounted on the underside~o~ the baok section I8 o~ the container body. This ;~
mechanism is t~e conventional hydraulic tipping mechanism used to elevate the ~ront end of a dump truck body.
As shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the front section ;~
14 of-the container body consists of a~bottom wall 32, a pair of opposi~tely ~disposed side waIls 34 and a front wall 36. The~
back section 18 consists~of a pair of oppositely disposed side walls 38, a tailgate 40 and a bottom wall 42. The tailgate 40 is of the conventional type used on dump trucks and is adapted ;~
to be releasably secured in the olosed position shown in Fig. l .: ~ . ~ -and is releasable to moYe to the open positions shown in Figs. 2 ~ ~;
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1~137S~3 and 3 Or the dra~lings. As shown in Fig. 4 Or the drawings, the back end of the front section 14 is open and the front end of the back section 18 i5 open so that a common container compart- ~-ment is formed thereby. In all positions of the front section with respect to the back section, the front section will be at least partially telescoped within the back section, the front section is never fully withdral~n from the back section, as to do so would require the closing of the back end Or the front section and a front end of the back section. If the back end of the front section was closed by an end closure wall, considerable diffi-culty would be experienced in attempting to move the closure wall aside in order to permit the removal of the load from the back section by the telescoping of the front section within the back section.
In use, the container body is filled wlth a dumpable :.
load when it is in the extended configuration shown in Fig. 1 of the drawlngs in which position the capacity of the container body is at its greatest. It wlll be noted that ln this con~
struction a container body having substantially the full length of the support frame ls employed. The load may be dlstributed over the full length of the frame. In order to discharge a load, the tailgate 40 is released and the hydraulic drive unit 20 1s activated to cause the front section to telescope within , -~the back sectlon and thereby cause a portion of the load to be be dlscharged at the back end of the back section as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The front sect~on 14 will be drawn in~
wardly of the back sectlon 18 untll the combined length of the ~ -front and back sections is no greater than the acceptable length of a conventional dump truck container body. When the container 30 has been effectively shortened by telescoping as described above, ~ ;
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the hydraulic cylinder 26 i5 activated to elevate the front end of the telescoped container boay to dlscharge the remainder Or the load by rneans of a conventional dump~n~ action. After the dumping has been completed the container body is lowered to the norizontal position. After the container body has been lowered to the horizontal position, the vehicle may be driven forwardly at conventional road going speeds during which the container body may be extended by operation of the drive mechanism 20. By reason of the fact that the container body has been lowered to the hori~
zontal position there is no loss of stability by extending the container body while the vehicle is in motion.
While the above description of the preferred embodi-ment of the present invention does not include a detailed des- `
cription of all of the components necessary for mounting the container body, it will be understood that these details are well known in the industry and are applied to conventional dump trucks.
The hydraulic drive unit 20 used for telescoping the container body is pivoted about the shaft 22 about which the rear container body 18 also plvots to permit this drive unlt to ;
be elevated with the contracted container body as shown in Fig. 3.
Various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, as shown ~ Fig. 5 of~the drawings a batch gate 50; . -~may be located at any point along the length of the front section 16 so as to separate two distinct loads from one another within the container body. This again is common practice in the industry.~;
With reference to Flg~. 6 of the drawings, the refer~
ence numeral 52 refers generally to a dump truck trailer body in which like numerals apply to like parts to those identified `~
in Figs. 1 through 5. In this embodiment, the front section 16 .. . ., . :: .... . . ....
~;
~$3751~ :
Or the contalner body ls substantially longer than the back section 18, with the result that when the contalner body is telescoped to the posltlon shown in Fig. 7 a substantial portion 16a Or the front section 16 pro~ects rearwardly rrom the back ~ectlon 18. The portion 16a is prererably at least 10% Or the length of the back section 18. When the contalner body ls in the positlon shown ln Fig. 7, the portion 16a has a centre of gravlty which ls lower than the centre of gravlty o~ the container body illustrated ln Fig. 3 of the drawings, with the result that the centre of gravity Or the contalner body lllustrated in Fig. 7 ls lower than that lllu~trated in ~ig. 3.- The lowerlnæ o~ the centre of gravity Or a container body of a dump truck when it is in the elevated position serves to increase the stabllity o~ the con~
ta~ner body and reduce the likelihoocl of the body falllng over during the dumping operation. The lengthening Or the front sec-tion 16 serves to lncrease the load c:arrying capacity Or the con- -~tainer body and this lncreased capaci.ty is obtained without rais- ;
ing th~ centre Or gravity of the con~alner body as a whole.
: An alternative telescoping drive mechanlsm is illus~
~ 2Q trated ~n Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. As shown ln Flgs. 8 and i ~ ~ Or the drawings, a toothed rack 60 is mounted on the underside - of the front section 16 o~ the c~ntainer body. The rack consists o~ a palr of longitudinally extending rails 62 having a plurality ;~
or~transverse teeth members 64 located at uniformly spaced inter~
vals along the len~th thereof. ~ double acting hydraulic cylinder 66 is mounted on the frame 12 and has a reaiprocating piston rod ;~
68 pro~ecting outwardly from one end thereor. A pawl mechanism 70 is mounted at the o~ter end of the piston rod 68 and includes ~-a ~rame ?2 within which a pawl 74 is pivotally mounted on a transverse pivot pin 76. The pawl 74 has an arm 78 projectlng ., ~ .,~
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down~ardly therefro~. ~ e ar~ 7~ is mounte~ on the reci?rocatiny shaft 80 of a double acting air cylinder 82. Centering spriny~ - -84 and 86 serve to centre the ar~ on the shaft 80. The pawl 74 has oppositel~ disposed pushin~ fac~s 88 a~d 90. The 2ir cylinder 82 is operative to move the pawl 74 bet~een h- positio~s shown in solid lines and in bro~en lines in Fig. 8 to selectively en- ;
gage the teeth 64 for movement of the rack 60 in opposite longi-tudinal directions in response to movement of tne connecting rod 68 of the double acting hydraulic cylinder 66. ~n use, when it is necessary to move the container body 16 in the direction of the arrow A, the air cylinder 82 is activated to position the pawl 74 in the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 8. The double acting hydraulic cylinder 66 is then activated to move the pawl assembly 70 back and forth to engage successive teeth 64~ The spring 86 yields as the pawl 74 is drawn backwardly over the next tooth 64 and serves to return the pawl 74 to the elevated driving position after it is drawn rearwardly over the tooth 69.
The stro~e of the hydraulic cylinder 66 is at least equal to the pitch of the ract teeth 64.
It will be apparent tlat the ratcl~et drive mechanism ~
described above will provide for intermittent movement of the ~ - -first section 16 ~ith respect to the second section 18. In order to provide a substantially continuous movement, two drive units are provided as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. In this embodiment, the pawl assemblies 70a and 70b are of the same structure as that described above wi~h respect to ~igs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. The hydraulic cylinders 66a and 66b are con~
nected to one another by a conduit 92 so that the movement of the connecting rod 68a is synchronized with respect to the move~
ment of the connecting rod 68b with ~he pawl assemblies 70a and . , . ~
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375~1B
70b disposed 1~0 out of phase with one another. This mechanism provides for movement of the pawl 70a in the ~irection Or the arrow C when the pawl 70b is moving in the direction of the arrow D and vice versa. With t~is mechanism the pawl carried by the pawl assembly 70a is pushing the container body in the direction of the arrow C when the pawl in the assembly 70b is ratcheting in the direction of arrow D to a position to engage the next tooth 64. ~Jhen the pawl assembly 70a is fully extended and begins its return in the direction of the arrow C, the pawl 70b is fully 10 retracted to begin its extension in the direction of the arrow D. ~ -The pitch of the rack teeth 64 and the length of the stroke of the double acting hydraulic cylinders is such that a substantially continuous movement of the rack 60 and the container body 16 is obtained.
It will be apparent from the foregolng that the drive mechanism is such that it is not necessary to provide a very long extending hydraulic cylinder. Hydrau].ic cylinders which have a very long extension are expensive to manufacture and are prone ~- ;
to damage in use. The double acting hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may have a stroke of the order Or about2 to 4 feet~
Such a cylinder is substantially less expensive than that re~
quired to move a telescoping container body over a length of `
about 15 feet as might be required in the embodiment of the inven-tion illustrated in Fig. 1.
In addition, the drive mechanism 20 of the present invention may be replaced by a drive mechanism similar to that described in U. S. Patent 3,361,477, Pitts. The Pitts mechanism is permanently secured to the support frame and is not elevated with the container body during the dumping operation.
It will be understood that while it is advantageous - :.
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~7~8 to telesco~e the ~ront sect~o~ witain the back sect~on because it sirnpli~ies the location Or the operating mechanisms, it may also be possible to telescope the back section with the front section. In addition, .Jhile the longitudinel telesco~in~ drive mechanism is shown as being connected at one end to the frame and connected at the other end to the front section, the drive mechanism could consist of a rack and pinion drive mechanism in which the rack is carried by the front section and the driven pinion is carried by either o~ the back section or the frame.
These and other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
A container body constructed according to the present invention may ha~e a total length of about 40 feet which is far in excess of the length Or a dump truck container body of the type which must be elevated over the full length to be unloaded.
From the foregoing, it wil]. be apparent that the present i.nvention provides a simple and effective structure ~or increasing the load carrying capacity o~ a vehicle Or the dump truck type while retaining the characteristic of the dump truch which permits complete discharge of the load ~rom the container body. These and other advantages of the present inventlon will b~e apparent to those skilled in the art.
A further advantage of the drive mechanism of the :~
embodimen~ associated with thc present invention rPsides in the fact that the double acting hydraulic cylinder may be mounted with respect to the frame and the:front section of the container body so that he cylinder extends to push the front section towards the : contracted position. This is in contrast to the double acting hydraulic cylinder of the embodiment illustratod in Figure 1 wherein the cylinder must be contracted to move the front section to the contracted position. The efficiency of .a double acting ' 75i8 hydraulic cylinder is greater when pressure is being applied ~o ~he extension piston surface than it is when it is being applied to the contraction piston because the area of the contraction .
pi~ton is reduced by the diameter of the piston rod. Thus, the double acting hydraulic cylinder required for the mechanism of Figure 8 of the drawings may be of a lighter weight than that requlxed for the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1. These and other advantages will be apparent to ~hose skilled in the art.
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first and second positions thereby to ef~ec,t a partial dischar~e o~ the load contained within the common container compartment rearwardly from the back section in response to movement towards ~aid second position in use, and second drive means associated -.
wlth sald back section ~or moving said back section from said ~, -lower2d position to said elevated position to complete the dis-. charge of a load rrom the common container by dumping action.
e invention will be more clearly understood after :, reference to.the following detalled specification read in con-~unctlon with the drawings wherein;
Fig. 1 is a side view Or a dump truck according to an ..
embodiment of the present invention; .;~ :
.
' . Flg. 2 is a partial side view of the dump truck body .~ 3howlng a first stage ln the discharge of a loadj O
: Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing a further , 20 stage in the discharge o~ the load, ~ .
-Fig. 4 is a plan view o~ a container body, Fig. S is a plan view.simllar to Fig. 4 showing the addltion of a batch gate to the container body;
', Fig. 6 is a side view of a dump truck trailer ~ody in .
which the front section of the body is longer than the back ' .3ection; ,.
Fig. 7 is a vlew similar to Fig. 6 showing the con~
tainer body in the t@l~scoped and dump position;
Fig. B is a side view of a drive mechanism for ~eLes~
coping ~he container body;
~ .
... . . . .. . . .
1~37 5 ~
Fi~, 9 is a top vlew of the drive mechanism ~f ~ig.
: : . ...
8; and Fig. 10 is a top view of a drive mechanism according to a further embodiment Or tl~e present invention.
With reference to the drawings, the reference numeral 10 refers generally to a dump truck according to an embodiment of the present invention. The dump truck has a longitudinally ~ ~
. . ..
extending frame 12 on which the container body 14 is mounted. ' The container body 14 consists of a front section 16 and a back .~ .
section 18. The front sect~on 14 is adaDted to slide teles~
copically within the back section 18 and is reciprocally driven with respect to the frame 12 by means of a hydraulic drive unit 20. The back section 18 is mounted on a shaft 22 to pivot with , ~., respect to the frame 12. One end o~ the reciprocating hydraulic ,~
~. -drive unit 20 is mounted on the shaft 22 and the other end issecured to the front section 14 by a bracket 24. As shown in Fig. 3, a second hydraulic drive unit 26 has one end secured to a support structure 28 mounted on the frame 12 and another end pivotally mounted on a pivot pin 30 which is mounted on the underside~o~ the baok section I8 o~ the container body. This ;~
mechanism is t~e conventional hydraulic tipping mechanism used to elevate the ~ront end of a dump truck body.
As shown in Fig. 4 of the drawings, the front section ;~
14 of-the container body consists of a~bottom wall 32, a pair of opposi~tely ~disposed side waIls 34 and a front wall 36. The~
back section 18 consists~of a pair of oppositely disposed side walls 38, a tailgate 40 and a bottom wall 42. The tailgate 40 is of the conventional type used on dump trucks and is adapted ;~
to be releasably secured in the olosed position shown in Fig. l .: ~ . ~ -and is releasable to moYe to the open positions shown in Figs. 2 ~ ~;
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1~137S~3 and 3 Or the dra~lings. As shown in Fig. 4 Or the drawings, the back end of the front section 14 is open and the front end of the back section 18 i5 open so that a common container compart- ~-ment is formed thereby. In all positions of the front section with respect to the back section, the front section will be at least partially telescoped within the back section, the front section is never fully withdral~n from the back section, as to do so would require the closing of the back end Or the front section and a front end of the back section. If the back end of the front section was closed by an end closure wall, considerable diffi-culty would be experienced in attempting to move the closure wall aside in order to permit the removal of the load from the back section by the telescoping of the front section within the back section.
In use, the container body is filled wlth a dumpable :.
load when it is in the extended configuration shown in Fig. 1 of the drawlngs in which position the capacity of the container body is at its greatest. It wlll be noted that ln this con~
struction a container body having substantially the full length of the support frame ls employed. The load may be dlstributed over the full length of the frame. In order to discharge a load, the tailgate 40 is released and the hydraulic drive unit 20 1s activated to cause the front section to telescope within , -~the back sectlon and thereby cause a portion of the load to be be dlscharged at the back end of the back section as shown in Fig. 2 of the drawings. The front sect~on 14 will be drawn in~
wardly of the back sectlon 18 untll the combined length of the ~ -front and back sections is no greater than the acceptable length of a conventional dump truck container body. When the container 30 has been effectively shortened by telescoping as described above, ~ ;
.
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the hydraulic cylinder 26 i5 activated to elevate the front end of the telescoped container boay to dlscharge the remainder Or the load by rneans of a conventional dump~n~ action. After the dumping has been completed the container body is lowered to the norizontal position. After the container body has been lowered to the horizontal position, the vehicle may be driven forwardly at conventional road going speeds during which the container body may be extended by operation of the drive mechanism 20. By reason of the fact that the container body has been lowered to the hori~
zontal position there is no loss of stability by extending the container body while the vehicle is in motion.
While the above description of the preferred embodi-ment of the present invention does not include a detailed des- `
cription of all of the components necessary for mounting the container body, it will be understood that these details are well known in the industry and are applied to conventional dump trucks.
The hydraulic drive unit 20 used for telescoping the container body is pivoted about the shaft 22 about which the rear container body 18 also plvots to permit this drive unlt to ;
be elevated with the contracted container body as shown in Fig. 3.
Various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention.
For example, as shown ~ Fig. 5 of~the drawings a batch gate 50; . -~may be located at any point along the length of the front section 16 so as to separate two distinct loads from one another within the container body. This again is common practice in the industry.~;
With reference to Flg~. 6 of the drawings, the refer~
ence numeral 52 refers generally to a dump truck trailer body in which like numerals apply to like parts to those identified `~
in Figs. 1 through 5. In this embodiment, the front section 16 .. . ., . :: .... . . ....
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Or the contalner body ls substantially longer than the back section 18, with the result that when the contalner body is telescoped to the posltlon shown in Fig. 7 a substantial portion 16a Or the front section 16 pro~ects rearwardly rrom the back ~ectlon 18. The portion 16a is prererably at least 10% Or the length of the back section 18. When the contalner body ls in the positlon shown ln Fig. 7, the portion 16a has a centre of gravlty which ls lower than the centre of gravlty o~ the container body illustrated ln Fig. 3 of the drawings, with the result that the centre of gravity Or the contalner body lllustrated in Fig. 7 ls lower than that lllu~trated in ~ig. 3.- The lowerlnæ o~ the centre of gravity Or a container body of a dump truck when it is in the elevated position serves to increase the stabllity o~ the con~
ta~ner body and reduce the likelihoocl of the body falllng over during the dumping operation. The lengthening Or the front sec-tion 16 serves to lncrease the load c:arrying capacity Or the con- -~tainer body and this lncreased capaci.ty is obtained without rais- ;
ing th~ centre Or gravity of the con~alner body as a whole.
: An alternative telescoping drive mechanlsm is illus~
~ 2Q trated ~n Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. As shown ln Flgs. 8 and i ~ ~ Or the drawings, a toothed rack 60 is mounted on the underside - of the front section 16 o~ the c~ntainer body. The rack consists o~ a palr of longitudinally extending rails 62 having a plurality ;~
or~transverse teeth members 64 located at uniformly spaced inter~
vals along the len~th thereof. ~ double acting hydraulic cylinder 66 is mounted on the frame 12 and has a reaiprocating piston rod ;~
68 pro~ecting outwardly from one end thereor. A pawl mechanism 70 is mounted at the o~ter end of the piston rod 68 and includes ~-a ~rame ?2 within which a pawl 74 is pivotally mounted on a transverse pivot pin 76. The pawl 74 has an arm 78 projectlng ., ~ .,~
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down~ardly therefro~. ~ e ar~ 7~ is mounte~ on the reci?rocatiny shaft 80 of a double acting air cylinder 82. Centering spriny~ - -84 and 86 serve to centre the ar~ on the shaft 80. The pawl 74 has oppositel~ disposed pushin~ fac~s 88 a~d 90. The 2ir cylinder 82 is operative to move the pawl 74 bet~een h- positio~s shown in solid lines and in bro~en lines in Fig. 8 to selectively en- ;
gage the teeth 64 for movement of the rack 60 in opposite longi-tudinal directions in response to movement of tne connecting rod 68 of the double acting hydraulic cylinder 66. ~n use, when it is necessary to move the container body 16 in the direction of the arrow A, the air cylinder 82 is activated to position the pawl 74 in the position shown in solid lines in Fig. 8. The double acting hydraulic cylinder 66 is then activated to move the pawl assembly 70 back and forth to engage successive teeth 64~ The spring 86 yields as the pawl 74 is drawn backwardly over the next tooth 64 and serves to return the pawl 74 to the elevated driving position after it is drawn rearwardly over the tooth 69.
The stro~e of the hydraulic cylinder 66 is at least equal to the pitch of the ract teeth 64.
It will be apparent tlat the ratcl~et drive mechanism ~
described above will provide for intermittent movement of the ~ - -first section 16 ~ith respect to the second section 18. In order to provide a substantially continuous movement, two drive units are provided as shown in Fig. 10 of the drawings. In this embodiment, the pawl assemblies 70a and 70b are of the same structure as that described above wi~h respect to ~igs. 8 and 9 of the drawings. The hydraulic cylinders 66a and 66b are con~
nected to one another by a conduit 92 so that the movement of the connecting rod 68a is synchronized with respect to the move~
ment of the connecting rod 68b with ~he pawl assemblies 70a and . , . ~
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375~1B
70b disposed 1~0 out of phase with one another. This mechanism provides for movement of the pawl 70a in the ~irection Or the arrow C when the pawl 70b is moving in the direction of the arrow D and vice versa. With t~is mechanism the pawl carried by the pawl assembly 70a is pushing the container body in the direction of the arrow C when the pawl in the assembly 70b is ratcheting in the direction of arrow D to a position to engage the next tooth 64. ~Jhen the pawl assembly 70a is fully extended and begins its return in the direction of the arrow C, the pawl 70b is fully 10 retracted to begin its extension in the direction of the arrow D. ~ -The pitch of the rack teeth 64 and the length of the stroke of the double acting hydraulic cylinders is such that a substantially continuous movement of the rack 60 and the container body 16 is obtained.
It will be apparent from the foregolng that the drive mechanism is such that it is not necessary to provide a very long extending hydraulic cylinder. Hydrau].ic cylinders which have a very long extension are expensive to manufacture and are prone ~- ;
to damage in use. The double acting hydraulic cylinder of the present invention may have a stroke of the order Or about2 to 4 feet~
Such a cylinder is substantially less expensive than that re~
quired to move a telescoping container body over a length of `
about 15 feet as might be required in the embodiment of the inven-tion illustrated in Fig. 1.
In addition, the drive mechanism 20 of the present invention may be replaced by a drive mechanism similar to that described in U. S. Patent 3,361,477, Pitts. The Pitts mechanism is permanently secured to the support frame and is not elevated with the container body during the dumping operation.
It will be understood that while it is advantageous - :.
-10- ~ ~
~7~8 to telesco~e the ~ront sect~o~ witain the back sect~on because it sirnpli~ies the location Or the operating mechanisms, it may also be possible to telescope the back section with the front section. In addition, .Jhile the longitudinel telesco~in~ drive mechanism is shown as being connected at one end to the frame and connected at the other end to the front section, the drive mechanism could consist of a rack and pinion drive mechanism in which the rack is carried by the front section and the driven pinion is carried by either o~ the back section or the frame.
These and other modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
A container body constructed according to the present invention may ha~e a total length of about 40 feet which is far in excess of the length Or a dump truck container body of the type which must be elevated over the full length to be unloaded.
From the foregoing, it wil]. be apparent that the present i.nvention provides a simple and effective structure ~or increasing the load carrying capacity o~ a vehicle Or the dump truck type while retaining the characteristic of the dump truch which permits complete discharge of the load ~rom the container body. These and other advantages of the present inventlon will b~e apparent to those skilled in the art.
A further advantage of the drive mechanism of the :~
embodimen~ associated with thc present invention rPsides in the fact that the double acting hydraulic cylinder may be mounted with respect to the frame and the:front section of the container body so that he cylinder extends to push the front section towards the : contracted position. This is in contrast to the double acting hydraulic cylinder of the embodiment illustratod in Figure 1 wherein the cylinder must be contracted to move the front section to the contracted position. The efficiency of .a double acting ' 75i8 hydraulic cylinder is greater when pressure is being applied ~o ~he extension piston surface than it is when it is being applied to the contraction piston because the area of the contraction .
pi~ton is reduced by the diameter of the piston rod. Thus, the double acting hydraulic cylinder required for the mechanism of Figure 8 of the drawings may be of a lighter weight than that requlxed for the embodiment illustrated in Figure 1. These and other advantages will be apparent to ~hose skilled in the art.
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Claims (2)
1. In a dump truck container body having a longitudinally extending support frame and a container body mounted on the support frame so as to permit rearward ele-vation for dumping, the container body consisting of a front section and a back section telescoped one within the other and having a container compartment formed therein and first drive means for driving the front section longitudinally with respect to the back section between a first position in which the compartment is extended and a second position in which the compartment is contracted, the improvement wherein said front section of said container body is longer than said back section such that a portion of the front section projects rearwardly from the back section when the sections are located in said second position whereby the centre of gravity of the telescoped sections is lower than that of the back section alone when the telescoped sections are elevated rearwardly for dumping.
2. A dump truck body as claimed in Claim 1 wherein said front section is at least 15% longer than said back section.
Priority Applications (16)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,654A CA1037518A (en) | 1977-01-13 | 1977-01-13 | Telescoping container body for dump truck |
| IE67077A IE44664B1 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-03-30 | Mobile dump unit with telescoping container |
| NZ18374877A NZ183748A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-03-31 | Tipping truck with telescoping load tray |
| GB1423277A GB1553750A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-05 | Mobile dump unit with telescoping container |
| AU24237/77A AU506405B2 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-13 | Telescoping dumptruck |
| NL7704107A NL7704107A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-14 | TRAILER. |
| DE19772717601 DE2717601A1 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-20 | DUMP TRUCK |
| AT274977A AT354264B (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-20 | Dump truck |
| ES458110A ES458110A1 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-22 | Mobile dump unit with telescoping container |
| BR7702530A BR7702530A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-22 | TILT TRUCK IMPROVEMENT |
| IT4907677A IT1086886B (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-22 | TRUCK WITH TIPPING TRAY |
| JP4690877A JPS60249B2 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-25 | dump truck |
| SE7704729A SE7704729L (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-25 | TIPPLASTFODON |
| FR7712351A FR2349473A1 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-25 | TELESCOPIC DUMP VEHICLE |
| AR26735877A AR210228A1 (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-04-26 | IMPROVEMENTS MADE IN A DUMP TRUCK |
| CA295,064A CA1042955A (en) | 1977-01-13 | 1978-01-17 | Telescoping container body for dump truck |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,654A CA1037518A (en) | 1977-01-13 | 1977-01-13 | Telescoping container body for dump truck |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1037518A true CA1037518A (en) | 1978-08-29 |
Family
ID=4107721
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA269,654A Expired CA1037518A (en) | 1976-04-26 | 1977-01-13 | Telescoping container body for dump truck |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1037518A (en) |
-
1977
- 1977-01-13 CA CA269,654A patent/CA1037518A/en not_active Expired
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