BRPI0924309A2 - processo para produzir produtos químicos a partir de lignina - Google Patents
processo para produzir produtos químicos a partir de ligninaInfo
- Publication number
- BRPI0924309A2 BRPI0924309A2 BRPI0924309A BRPI0924309A BRPI0924309A2 BR PI0924309 A2 BRPI0924309 A2 BR PI0924309A2 BR PI0924309 A BRPI0924309 A BR PI0924309A BR PI0924309 A BRPI0924309 A BR PI0924309A BR PI0924309 A2 BRPI0924309 A2 BR PI0924309A2
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- lignin
- produce chemicals
- chemicals
- produce
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/08—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal with moving catalysts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/08—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal with moving catalysts
- C10G1/083—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal with moving catalysts in the presence of a solvent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/08—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal with moving catalysts
- C10G1/086—Characterised by the catalyst used
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/47—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/42—Catalytic treatment
- C10G3/44—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G3/48—Catalytic treatment characterised by the catalyst used further characterised by the catalyst support
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G3/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids
- C10G3/50—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oxygen-containing organic materials, e.g. fatty oils, fatty acids in the presence of hydrogen, hydrogen donors or hydrogen generating compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1011—Biomass
- C10G2300/1014—Biomass of vegetal origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4018—Spatial velocity, e.g. LHSV, WHSV
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2400/00—Products obtained by processes covered by groups C10G9/00 - C10G69/14
- C10G2400/30—Aromatics
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/20—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry using bio-feedstock
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Low-Molecular Organic Synthesis Reactions Using Catalysts (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US12/394,892 US8871989B2 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2009-02-27 | Combination of hydrogenation and base catalyzed depolymerization for lignin conversion |
PCT/US2009/067422 WO2010098801A1 (en) | 2009-02-27 | 2009-12-10 | Combination of hydrogenation and base catalyzed depolymerization for lignin conversion |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BRPI0924309A2 true BRPI0924309A2 (pt) | 2016-01-26 |
Family
ID=42223423
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0924309A BRPI0924309A2 (pt) | 2009-02-27 | 2009-12-10 | processo para produzir produtos químicos a partir de lignina |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8871989B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP2401344A4 (pt) |
CN (1) | CN102414297B (pt) |
AU (1) | AU2009341104B2 (pt) |
BR (1) | BRPI0924309A2 (pt) |
CA (1) | CA2753355C (pt) |
CL (1) | CL2011002085A1 (pt) |
MX (1) | MX2011009040A (pt) |
MY (1) | MY156665A (pt) |
SG (1) | SG173805A1 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2010098801A1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (31)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8796494B2 (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2014-08-05 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Process for direct conversion of biomass to liquid fuels and chemicals |
US9051244B2 (en) | 2010-01-27 | 2015-06-09 | Council Of Scientific And Industrial Research | Depolymerization of lignin using solid acid catalysts |
US8366907B2 (en) | 2010-08-02 | 2013-02-05 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Deoxygenation of fatty acids for preparation of hydrocarbons |
US8754275B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2014-06-17 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatuses for producing aromatic hydrocarbon-rich effluent from lignocellulosic material |
US8772557B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2014-07-08 | Uop Llc | Aromatic hydrocarbons from depolymerization and deoxygenation of lignin |
US8772558B2 (en) | 2011-07-26 | 2014-07-08 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatuses for producing aromatic hydrocarbon-containing effluent |
EP2914690B1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2016-11-23 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Method for processing lignin during hydrothermal digestion of cellulosic biomass solids |
BR112015009006A2 (pt) * | 2012-10-31 | 2017-07-04 | Shell Int Research | método para processar uma fase líquida de fenólicos compreendendo lignina |
WO2014070587A1 (en) * | 2012-10-31 | 2014-05-08 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing lignin during hydrothermal digestion of cellulosic biomass solids |
EP2743333A1 (en) * | 2012-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | Studiengesellschaft Kohle mbH | Process for converting phenolic compounds into aromatic hydrocarbons |
US10150790B2 (en) * | 2013-11-27 | 2018-12-11 | Kat2Biz Ab | Depolymerisation of lignin in biomass |
US20150307412A1 (en) * | 2014-04-23 | 2015-10-29 | Uop Llc | Methods and apparatuses for producing xylene from propylbenzene |
CN104073278A (zh) * | 2014-07-15 | 2014-10-01 | 厦门大学 | 一种将木质素两步法转化为液体燃料的方法 |
GB201414829D0 (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-10-01 | Univ St Andrews | Lignin processing |
CN105669337A (zh) * | 2014-11-19 | 2016-06-15 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种木质素及其模型化合物转化的方法 |
WO2016081082A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 | 2016-05-26 | Exxonmobil Chemical Patents Inc. | Conversion of lignin to fuels and aromatics |
US20160186066A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160184795A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160186068A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160184797A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160186073A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160184734A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
US20160186067A1 (en) * | 2014-12-30 | 2016-06-30 | Shell Oil Company | Methods and systems for processing cellulosic biomass |
WO2018015608A1 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Process for converting lignocellulosic materials |
WO2018015610A1 (en) * | 2016-07-19 | 2018-01-25 | Upm-Kymmene Corporation | Simple process for converting lignocellulosic materials |
CN107151560B (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2019-07-26 | 国际竹藤中心 | 一种木质素分离及蒸汽裂解***及其方法 |
EP4118061A4 (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2024-04-03 | University of Maryland, College Park | HIGH TEMPERATURE SHOCK HEATING FOR THERMOCHEMICAL REACTIONS |
CN112209975A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-01-12 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种催化木质纤维素一步制备芳香物和小分子醇类的方法 |
CN112076746A (zh) * | 2020-09-28 | 2020-12-15 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | 一种金属-酸碱功能集成催化剂的制备方法及其催化断裂木质素醚键制芳香物的应用 |
CN113527065B (zh) * | 2021-07-14 | 2023-10-13 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Pd/C催化剂协同碱催化剂在乙醇-水溶剂中催化解聚碱木质素制备航油前驱体的方法 |
WO2024030611A2 (en) * | 2022-08-04 | 2024-02-08 | Alliance For Sustainable Energy, Llc | Continuous hydrodeoxygenation of lignin to jet-range aromatic hydrocarbons |
Family Cites Families (22)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2331154A (en) * | 1939-02-07 | 1943-10-05 | Adkins Homer | Process of hydrogenating lignin |
US2220624A (en) * | 1939-07-15 | 1940-11-05 | Henry A Wallace | Process for the hydrogenation of lignin and waste pulp liquors and the products thereof |
US2870133A (en) * | 1953-11-21 | 1959-01-20 | Inventa Ag | Production of phenols by catalytic hydrogenation of lignin |
US3223698A (en) * | 1961-01-09 | 1965-12-14 | Inst Noguchi | Method for liquefying lignin |
US4311578A (en) * | 1979-12-20 | 1982-01-19 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Liquefaction process wherein solvents derived from the material liquefied and containing increased concentrations of donor species are employed |
US4396786A (en) * | 1980-10-27 | 1983-08-02 | Johnson Matthey Public Limited Company | Method for producing fuel oil from cellulosic materials |
US4420644A (en) * | 1981-08-24 | 1983-12-13 | Hydrocarbon Research, Inc. | Lignin hydrocracking process to produce phenol and benzene |
US4731491A (en) * | 1986-01-22 | 1988-03-15 | Uop Inc. | Process for liquefaction of lignin |
US4647704A (en) * | 1986-04-28 | 1987-03-03 | Uop Inc. | Hydrocracking process for liquefaction of lignin |
US5019135A (en) * | 1987-10-13 | 1991-05-28 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method for the catalytic conversion of lignocellulosic materials |
US5180868A (en) * | 1988-06-20 | 1993-01-19 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method of upgrading oils containing hydroxyaromatic hydrocarbon compounds to highly aromatic gasoline |
US5865898A (en) * | 1992-08-06 | 1999-02-02 | The Texas A&M University System | Methods of biomass pretreatment |
US5959167A (en) * | 1997-08-25 | 1999-09-28 | The University Of Utah Research Foundation | Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated hydrocarbon gasoline |
US6172272B1 (en) * | 1998-08-21 | 2001-01-09 | The University Of Utah | Process for conversion of lignin to reformulated, partially oxygenated gasoline |
US20030100807A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-05-29 | Shabtai Joseph S | Process for converting lignins into a high octane additive |
US20030115792A1 (en) * | 2001-10-05 | 2003-06-26 | Shabtai Joseph S | Process for converting lignins into a high octane blending component |
BRPI0417599A (pt) * | 2003-12-15 | 2007-03-20 | Shell Int Research | processo para a liquefação de material lignocelulósico ou celulósico |
CN101171324B (zh) * | 2005-05-02 | 2012-12-12 | 犹他大学研究基金会 | 用来将木质素催化转化为液体生物燃料的方法 |
US7964761B2 (en) * | 2005-05-02 | 2011-06-21 | University Of Utah Research Foundation | Processes for catalytic conversion of lignin to liquid bio-fuels and novel bio-fuels |
US7578927B2 (en) * | 2006-08-31 | 2009-08-25 | Uop Llc | Gasoline and diesel production from pyrolytic lignin produced from pyrolysis of cellulosic waste |
US7994375B2 (en) * | 2006-09-26 | 2011-08-09 | Uop Llc | Production of gasoline, diesel, naphthenes and aromatics from lignin and cellulosic waste by one step hydrocracking |
US7960520B2 (en) * | 2007-06-15 | 2011-06-14 | Uop Llc | Conversion of lignocellulosic biomass to chemicals and fuels |
-
2009
- 2009-02-27 US US12/394,892 patent/US8871989B2/en active Active
- 2009-12-10 CA CA2753355A patent/CA2753355C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-10 CN CN200980158939.8A patent/CN102414297B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-12-10 EP EP20090840947 patent/EP2401344A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-10 MY MYPI2011003930A patent/MY156665A/en unknown
- 2009-12-10 SG SG2011060449A patent/SG173805A1/en unknown
- 2009-12-10 WO PCT/US2009/067422 patent/WO2010098801A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-12-10 MX MX2011009040A patent/MX2011009040A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-12-10 AU AU2009341104A patent/AU2009341104B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2009-12-10 BR BRPI0924309A patent/BRPI0924309A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2011
- 2011-08-26 CL CL2011002085A patent/CL2011002085A1/es unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
MX2011009040A (es) | 2011-09-15 |
WO2010098801A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
US8871989B2 (en) | 2014-10-28 |
SG173805A1 (en) | 2011-09-29 |
EP2401344A4 (en) | 2014-09-17 |
CA2753355C (en) | 2014-01-28 |
US20100137663A1 (en) | 2010-06-03 |
EP2401344A1 (en) | 2012-01-04 |
MY156665A (en) | 2016-03-15 |
CL2011002085A1 (es) | 2012-04-13 |
CN102414297B (zh) | 2014-09-17 |
AU2009341104A1 (en) | 2011-09-08 |
CA2753355A1 (en) | 2010-09-02 |
CN102414297A (zh) | 2012-04-11 |
AU2009341104B2 (en) | 2013-09-19 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
B07A | Application suspended after technical examination (opinion) [chapter 7.1 patent gazette] | ||
B08F | Application dismissed because of non-payment of annual fees [chapter 8.6 patent gazette] | ||
B08K | Patent lapsed as no evidence of payment of the annual fee has been furnished to inpi [chapter 8.11 patent gazette] |