BE863566A - MIXTURE OF DITHIOPHOSPHORIC OR TRITHIOPHOSPHORIC DIESTERS FOR USE AS LUBRICANT STABILIZER. - Google Patents
MIXTURE OF DITHIOPHOSPHORIC OR TRITHIOPHOSPHORIC DIESTERS FOR USE AS LUBRICANT STABILIZER.Info
- Publication number
- BE863566A BE863566A BE184832A BE184832A BE863566A BE 863566 A BE863566 A BE 863566A BE 184832 A BE184832 A BE 184832A BE 184832 A BE184832 A BE 184832A BE 863566 A BE863566 A BE 863566A
- Authority
- BE
- Belgium
- Prior art keywords
- emi
- mixture according
- radical
- alkyl
- amine
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 title claims description 11
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 title 1
- -1 alkyl radical Chemical class 0.000 claims description 65
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentasulfide Chemical compound S1P(S2)(=S)SP3(=S)SP1(=S)SP2(=S)S3 CYQAYERJWZKYML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 claims description 4
- SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2154-56-5 Chemical compound [CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 SLRMQYXOBQWXCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001350 alkyl halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 3
- VDTIMXCBOXBHER-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxy-bis(sulfanyl)-sulfanylidene-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical compound OP(S)(S)=S VDTIMXCBOXBHER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- YUDRVAHLXDBKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH]1CCCCC1 Chemical compound [CH]1CCCCC1 YUDRVAHLXDBKSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C]1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [C]1=CC=CC=C1 CIUQDSCDWFSTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003335 secondary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003512 tertiary amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002118 epoxides Chemical class 0.000 claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dithiophosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(S)=S NAGJZTKCGNOGPW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 150000005619 secondary aliphatic amines Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycidol Chemical compound OCC1CO1 CTKINSOISVBQLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 7
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCO BWDBEAQIHAEVLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-heptadecyl alcohol Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GOQYKNQRPGWPLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N (z)-octadec-9-en-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCN QGLWBTPVKHMVHM-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 3
- PZFYOFFTIYJCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-tridecyltridecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCNCCCCCCCCCCCCC PZFYOFFTIYJCEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-octene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=C KWKAKUADMBZCLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Decylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCN MHZGKXUYDGKKIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical compound CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical compound CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methylamine Chemical compound NC BAVYZALUXZFZLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YJLYANLCNIKXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methyldioctylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(C)CCCCCCCC YJLYANLCNIKXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperazine Chemical compound C1CNCCN1 GLUUGHFHXGJENI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N allyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC=C XXROGKLTLUQVRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002199 base oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCN HQABUPZFAYXKJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylamine Chemical compound NC1CCCCC1 PAFZNILMFXTMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dioctyloctan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCC XTAZYLNFDRKIHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SNKUXFQNFUTEJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-n-methyldodecan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(C)CCCC SNKUXFQNFUTEJL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CELWCAITJAEQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxan-2-ol Chemical class OC1CCCCO1 CELWCAITJAEQNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002924 oxiranes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylamine Chemical compound CCCN WGYKZJWCGVVSQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GUEIZVNYDFNHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinizarin Chemical compound O=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C2=C1C(O)=CC=C2O GUEIZVNYDFNHJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940086542 triethylamine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenyl phosphite Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1OP(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 HVLLSGMXQDNUAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-OLQVQODUSA-N (1s,6r)-7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]heptane Chemical compound C1CCC[C@@H]2O[C@@H]21 ZWAJLVLEBYIOTI-OLQVQODUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXSSZJREKCITAD-ARJAWSKDSA-N (z)-4-ethenoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OC=C GXSSZJREKCITAD-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1 -dodecene Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=C CRSBERNSMYQZNG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-difluorocyclohexane Chemical compound FC1(F)CCCCC1 ZORQXIQZAOLNGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPHVRMGBXBGKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dioctyl-10h-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=C(CCCCCCCC)C(CCCCCCCC)=CC=C3SC2=C1 WPHVRMGBXBGKTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000000180 1,2-diols Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CGACJVBTDXJSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-bis(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)imidazolidine-2,4-dione Chemical compound O=C1N(CC2OC2)C(=O)CN1CC1CO1 CGACJVBTDXJSDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PBLNBZIONSLZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-bromododecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCBr PBLNBZIONSLZBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-chlorooctane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCl CNDHHGUSRIZDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONQBOTKLCMXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethylpyrrolidine Chemical compound CCN1CCCC1 ONQBOTKLCMXPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexanamine Chemical compound CCCCCCN BMVXCPBXGZKUPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hexene Chemical compound CCCCC=C LIKMAJRDDDTEIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNJOCVLVYVOUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-iodooctadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCI ZNJOCVLVYVOUGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4,5-dihydroimidazole Chemical compound CN1CCN=C1 ANFXTILBDGTSEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKIMFFCEMEOHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-methyl-n,n-bis(10-methylundecyl)undecan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCC(C)C)CCCCCCCCCC(C)C ZOKIMFFCEMEOHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10H-phenothiazine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 WJFKNYWRSNBZNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3,4,4,5-hexamethylhexane-2-thiol Chemical compound CC(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)C(C)(C)S YAJYJWXEWKRTPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XEGAKAFEBOXGPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,3a,4-tetrahydro-1h-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1C=CC=C2NNNC12 XEGAKAFEBOXGPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)N QIJIUJYANDSEKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethanol Chemical compound OCCCl SZIFAVKTNFCBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBJWYMFTMJFGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hexadecyloxirane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC1CO1 QBJWYMFTMJFGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005916 2-methylpentyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Thiobispropanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCSCCC(O)=O ODJQKYXPKWQWNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 3-[(e)-dodec-1-enyl]oxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC\C=C\C1CC(=O)OC1=O WVRNUXJQQFPNMN-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNHYFBCCUHCLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-ethenyl-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound OC1=NC=CC=C1C=C KNHYFBCCUHCLGL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 JLBJTVDPSNHSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKGBNAGNNUEZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methyl-n,n-bis(6-methylheptyl)heptan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCN(CCCCCC(C)C)CCCCCC(C)C YKGBNAGNNUEZQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFVOXRAAHOJJBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylhept-1-ene Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC=C DFVOXRAAHOJJBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AAIUWVOMXTVLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8,8-dimethylnonan-1-amine Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCCCN AAIUWVOMXTVLRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M Butyrate Chemical compound CCCC([O-])=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Natural products CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOXXVUMZDPSZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=S)SCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCOP(O)(=S)SCCCCCCCCCCC(C)C IOXXVUMZDPSZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N C[CH]O Chemical group C[CH]O GAWIXWVDTYZWAW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019303 thiodipropionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940035024 thioglycerol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 125000003944 tolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tridodecylamine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCN(CCCCCCCCCCCC)CCCCCCCCCCCC SWZDQOUHBYYPJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QUTZUATVZPXUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinonyl phosphite Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCOP(OCCCCCCCCC)OCCCCCCCCC QUTZUATVZPXUJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H trizinc;dioxido-sulfanylidene-sulfido-$l^{5}-phosphane Chemical class [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S.[O-]P([O-])([S-])=S WMYJOZQKDZZHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C10M137/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being an organic non-macromolecular compound containing phosphorus
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Description
Mélange de diesters dithiophosphoriques ou trithiophos-
<EMI ID=1.1>
La'présente invention concerne des produits de <EMI ID=2.1> du thio-glycérol et des mono-esters du glycérol et de diesters di- ou trithiophosphoriques , leur préparation et leur utilisation comme additifs stabilisants pour lubrifiants.
Le premier fascicule publié de la demande de brevet de la République Fédérale d'Allemagne N[deg.] 2.004.154 décrit les sels d'amines de diesters cycliques d'acides dithiophosphoriques comme additifs pour des huiles lubrifiantes et des huiles combustibles. Bien que ces composés soient très efficaces il serait intéressant d'avoir à sa disposition des additifs qui le soient encore plus .
La présente invention a pour objet un mélange
de diesters d'acides dithiophosphoriques ou trithiophosphoriques, mélange que l'on obtient en faisant réagir a) des composés répondant à l'une des formules générales I, II et III
<EMI ID=3.1>
dans lesquelles
<EMI ID=4.1>
n désigna un nombre pouvant aller de 0,5 à 10,
les deux X représentent chacun, indépendamment l'un de l'autre, un atome d'oxygène ou de soufre et
R représente un radical hydrocarboné aliphatique
ou aromatique, éventuellement interrompu par un atome d'oxygène ou de soufre,
avec b) le pentasulfure de phosphore, ainsi que les sels métalliques ou d'ammonium d'un tel mélange <EMI ID=5.1>
époxydes ou des composés épithio ; éventuellement substitués.
Il est préférable que X soit un atome d'oxygène dans le groupe -CH- et que n désigne un nombre de 0,5 à 4,
CELXH
en particulier de 1 à 2, et plus spécialement le nombre 1.
Lorsque R désigne un radical hydrocarboné aliphatique, il peut s'agir d'un radical alkyle linéaire, mais
plus particulièrement ramifié, éventuellement interrompu par
des atomes d'oxygène ou de soufre, ou d'un radical cyclo-alkyle ou cycloalkyl-alkyle éventuellement porteur d'un ou deux radicaux alkyles, lesquels contiennent de préférence chacun de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone. En tant que radical hydrocarboné aromatique, R représente un radical aryle ou aralkyle éventuellement porteur d'un ou deux radicaux alkyles. L'alkyle contient de préférence de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone, en particulier de 1 à 24, et plus spécialement de 1 à 18, et le cyclo-alkyle contient de 5 à 8 atomes de carbone dans son cycle et est de préférence le radical cyclohexyle. L'aryle est de préférence le radical phényle,
et l'aralkyle est de préférence le radical benzyle; le radical cyclo-alkyle, phényle ou benzyle porte de préférence 1 ou 2 radicaux alkyles en tant que substituants.
Dans les formules I, II et III le symbole R désigne plus particulièrement un radical alkyle linéaire ou, mieux, ramifié, contenant de 1 à 24 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 4 à 18. En voici-quelques exemples: méthyle, éthyle, propyle, butyle, isobutyle, t-butyle, pentyle, hexyle, méthyl-2 pentyle, heptyle, octyle, éthyl-2 hexyle, nonyle, isononyle, décyle, undécyle, dodécyle, éthyl-2 décyle, t-dodécyle, tétradécyle, octadécyle,iso-octadécyle, eicosyle, docosyle, tétracosyle, méthoxy-éthyle, méthoxy-n-propyle, octyloxy-
éthyle, octylthio-éthyle, cyclopentyle, méthyl-cyclopentyle, éthyl-cyclopentyl-méthyle, cyclohexyl-méthyle, méthyl-cyclohexyle, p-nonyl-cyclohexyle, cyclododécyle, méthyl-phényle, éthyl-phényle, t-butyl-phényle, diméthyl-phényle, hexyl-phényle, iso-octyl-phényle, nonyl-phényle, dinonyl-phényle. dodécyl-
<EMI ID=6.1>
dodécyl-benzyle.
R peut aussi représenter des radicaux provenant .
<EMI ID=7.1>
qui sont généralement préparés par le procédé de Ziegler à partir de l'aluminium, de l'hydrogène et de l'éthylène, avec hydroxylation ultérieure, sont la plupart du temps des mélanges de plusieurs alcools ramifiés. On les trouve dans le commerce,
<EMI ID=8.1>
cant : Condea), de Dobanols (fabricant : Shell) et d'Oxanols
(fabricant : Ruhrchemie).
Les composés de formule I et leurs modes de préparation sont connus. On pourra consulter à ce sujet le second fascicule 'publié de la demande de brevet de la R.F.A.
<EMI ID=9.1>
<EMI ID=10.1>
<EMI ID=11.1>
La manière la plus simple d'obtenir les éthers aliphatiques du glycérol consiste par exemple à faire réagir des alcools avec le glycidol en présence de catalyseurs, par
<EMI ID=12.1>
Le produit résultant de la réaction est un mélange statistique constitué du corps de départ ainsi que de composés monomères et oligomères , mélange dont la composition dépend essentiellement des conditions réactionnelles et du rapport entre les quantités des partenaires réactionnels. C'est la raison pour laquelle, dans la formule I, le nombre n peut prendre n'importe quelle valeur de 0,5 à 10. Le produit de la réaction peut donc contenir encore une certaine proportion de l'alcool qui a été mis en jeu. En principe, celui-ci n'a pas besoin d'être éliminé mais il arrive parfois qu'il soit avantageux d'en éliminer au moins une partie par distillation.
Un autre moyen de préparer les éthers aliphatiques du glycérol consiste à fixer l'épichlorhydrine sur des alcools aliphatiques, par exemple selon le schéma suivant :
<EMI ID=13.1>
Cette réaction d'addition est pratiquement uniforme : autrement dit, la répartition des produits d'addition dans le mélange réactionnel est relativement étroite et il n'y a presque plus d'alcool de départ. La saponification
<EMI ID=14.1>
sodium, fournit l'éther glycidique cherché et la réaction avec
<EMI ID=15.1>
les éthers de monothioglycérols correspondants (voir le brevet des Etats-Unis d'Amérique N[deg.] 3.361.723 déjà cité).
Les éthers aromatiques du glycérol se préparent également sans difficulté par addition du glycidol. Mais
cette fois il est avantageux d'utiliser des catalyseurs anioniques, par exemple l'hydrure de sodium ou le BF3-éthérate. Dans ces conditions il se forme un produit final relativement homogène.
En opérant comme dans le cas des phénols, on peut préparer , par addition du glycidol sur des mercaptans, les monothio-éthers du glycérol. On obtient encore des produits réactionnels relativement uniformes. Les éthers aromatiques
<EMI ID=16.1>
du glycérol peuvent également être obtenus par fixation de
<EMI ID=17.1>
Ce qui a été dit ci-dessus pour les composés de formule I à propos de la pureté est valable également pour les composée de formules II et III,
Les composés de formule II, qui sont des produits d'addition du glycidol sur des esters dithiophosphoriques, s'obtiennent très simplement par réaction de 4 moles d'alcool
<EMI ID=18.1>
ce en une quantité de 2 moles. Pour cela on n'a généralement pas besoin de catalyseur car le groupe époxy du glycidol réagit
bien avec le groupe P-SH très acide. On obtient également un produit réactionnel relativement homogène. Il est recommandé d'effectuer cette réaction dans des conditions analogues à celles que l'on applique pour la préparation ultérieure des mélanges
<EMI ID=19.1>
successives peuvent être effectuées dans un seul récipient.
Pour préparer les composés de formule III il est conseillé de faire réagir encore une fois avec le glycidol les mélanges conformes à l'invention qui proviennent de la
<EMI ID=20.1> <EMI ID=21.1>
ou (III) avec le pentasulfure de phosphore il se forme, en même temps que H2S, les mélanges de composés conformes à l'invention, mélanges qui ont forcément, à peu de choses près, la même répartition statistique que les composés (I), (II) ou
(III). Lorsque ces composés ont des structures de diols-1,2
(pour n=l) on peut admettre qu'il se forme essentiellement des esters cycliques tels que les suivants :
<EMI ID=22.1>
<EMI ID=23.1>
du glycérol contiennent encore des groupes -OH ou -SE libres
<EMI ID=24.1>
sans formation appréciable de groupements d'esters cycliques.
<EMI ID=25.1>
une certaine proportion de l'alcool de départ il se forme, à
<EMI ID=26.1>
du type
<EMI ID=27.1>
Pour la réaction on met généralement en jeu 1/4
<EMI ID=28.1>
ou -SH présents dans les composés da formules I, II ou III, et on élimine le sulfure d'hydrogène formé. La réaction peut être effectué sans solvant ou encore en présence de solvants inertes, tels que des hydrocarbures, par exemple le pentane,
<EMI ID=29.1>
ou le toluène,ou des éthers, par exemple le têtrahydrofuranne ou l'éther diéthylique. On opère en général à des températures
<EMI ID=30.1>
de phosphore est de préférence introduit par portions ou en
<EMI ID=31.1>
début et faire ensuite arriver l'êther du glycidol. Au cours de la réaction il se forme d'abord des diesters de l'acide diou trithio-phosphorique de telle sorte qu'on dispose d'un groupe -SH très acide pour des modifications ultérieures. Grâce à de telles modifications, qui sont par exemple des alkylations ou des salifications, on peut améliorer la solubilité ou la compatibilité avec des substrats, et également diminuer la volatilité, ce qui revient à augmenter l'activité.
Par réaction avec des bases métalliques (neutralisation), par exemple avec des oxydes ou des hydroxydes, on obtient des sels métalliques. Parmi les sels métalliques qui conviennent particulièrement bien citons les sels de baryum, de cadmium, de zinc, d'antimoine, de titane, de molybdène,
de molybdényle et de tungstène.
On préfère cependant les sels d'ammonium dérivant de l'ammoniac ou d'amines primaires,secondaires ou tertiaires. On donnera alors la préférence aux amines qui confèrent une bonne solubilité dans les huiles. En associant l'alcool de départ de formule I, II ou III et le composé utilisé pour la modification, par exemple une aminé, on peut donc obtenir par les substituants, qui sont par exemple des radicaux alkyles, des produits qui ont une bonne solubilité, qui ne sont pas volatils et qui ont une bonne compatibilité. Il est avantageux de préparer ces sels en ajoutant le pentasulfure de phosphore au mélange de composés de formule I, II ou III et de la quantité d'aminé nécessaire pour la neutralisation. Ce mode d'exécution est réalisé de préférence dans des solvants inertes et à des températures de 20 à 40[deg.]C.
Un autre mode de préparation consiste à neutraliser des mélanges de composés conformes à l'invention avec des amines, neutralisation qui peut être effectuée après ou pendant la formation, par exemple également
<EMI ID=32.1> <EMI ID=33.1>
Les aminés utilisées pour la formation des sels peuvent répondre à la formule générale
<EMI ID=34.1>
<EMI ID=35.1>
uns des autres, un atome d'hydrogène ou un radical hydrocarboné de caractère aliphatique ou aromatique qui est éventuellement interrompu par des atomes d'oxygène ou de soufre et qui peut contenir de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone, de préférence de 1 à 18. Avec l'atome d'azote,Rl, R et/ou R<3> peuvent former ensemble
un noyau. Les radicaux hydrocarbonés sont notamment des radicaux alkyles, alcoxy-alkyles ou alkylthio-alkyles, dont les alkyles sont linéaires ou, mieux, ramifiés, des radicaux cycloalkyles, cycloalkyl-alkyles, alkyl-cycloalkyles, alkyl-cycloalkyl-alkyles, aryles, surtout phényles , alkyl-aryles, surtout alkylphényles, aralkyles, surtout benzyle,et alkyl-aryl-alkyles, surtout alkyl-benzyles.
<EMI ID=36.1>
R , R et R peuvent également être des radicaux provenant d'amines ou de mélanges d'amines techniques, telles que celles qu'on peut trouver dans le commerce, par exemple
<EMI ID=37.1>
<EMI ID=38.1>
Litachim), ou d'amines de corps gras, par exemple les aminés grasses du tallol, du soja,du coco et du suif.
Les amines peuvent également être des diamines, telles que des alkylène-diamines et des diamines bicycliques et tricycliques, entre autres la pipérazine et la quinuclidine.
Voici quelques exemples d'amines : méthylamine, èthylamine, propylamine, butylamine, t-butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, �thyl-2 hexyl)amine, t-octylamine, décylamine,
<EMI ID=39.1> <EMI ID=40.1>
diméthyl-amine, tridécyl-diméthyl-amine, décyl-diméthyl-amine, didodécyl-méthyl-amine, méthyl-butyl-dodécyl-amine, diméthyl-propylamine, trioctyl-amine, dioctyl-méthyl-amine, dodécylbenzylméthyl-amine, nonylphényl-diméthyl-amine, phényl-dodécyl-méthylamine, 'phényl-diméthyl-amine, benzyl-diméthyl-amine, allyldibutyl-amine, méthyl-dodécényl-amine, heptadécyl-diméthylamine, dioctyl-méthyl-amine, méthyl-a-naphtyl-phényl-amine, cyclohexyl-diméthyl-amine, nonyl-diméthyl-amine, tris-(n-tr.idécyl)-amine, tris-(n-dodécyl)-amine, tris-(iso-octyl)-amine, méthyl-butyl-hexadécyl-amine, triéthyl-amine, diméthyl-3,5
<EMI ID=41.1>
dodécyl-amine, méthyl-butyl-dodécyl-amine, diméthyl-dodécylamine, hexadécyl-diméthyl-amine, tris-(isododécyl)-amine,
<EMI ID=42.1>
(N-méthyl) 1-imidazoline, (N-méthyl) 1-pyrrazoline, oxazoline, quinoléine, pyrrolidine, N-éthyl-pyrrolidine, N-méthyl-pipé-
<EMI ID=43.1>
Il est également possible de faire réagir les groupes P-SH des mélanges conformes à l'invention, en vue de modifier les propriétés des mélanges en question, avec des oléfines, éventuellement substituées, des halogénures .. (de préférence des chlorures) d'alkyles ou de cyclo-alkyles éventuellement substitués, des composés époxydiques et des composés épithio. Ces composés utilisés pour la modification contiennent de préférence de 1 à 30 atomes de carbone, plus particulièrement de 2 à 20,ou, mieux encore, de 4 à 18.
Les oléfines seront notamment des oléfines aliphatiques contenant de 2 à 20 atomes de carbone , telles que l'éthylène, le propylène, le butène, l'isobutène, le pentène, l'hexène, le cyclo-hexène, l'octène, l'iso-octène, le dodécène et l'octadécène,et des oléfines substituées, telles que le styrène, le méthyl-styrène, le chlorure de vinyle, le chlorure de vinylidène, le fluorure de vinyle, l'acrylonitrile, des acides insaturés contenant de préférence de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone ainsi que leurs esters et leurs anhydrides, tels que <EMI ID=44.1>
l'acide fumarique et leurs esters alkyliques, cycloalkyliques, phényliques et benzyliques, des esters dérivant d'acides carbdxyliques et d'alcools insaturés, tels que des esters vinyliques qui contiennent de préférence, dans la partie acide,
de 1 à 18 atomes de carbone, tels que l'acétate, le propionate, le butyrate, le stéarate, l'oléate, le benzoate et le maléate de vinyle, et des esters de l'alcool allylique, ainsi que des éthers vinyliques.
Les halogénures seront par exemple des halogénures d'alkvlesen Cl-C18, éventuellement substitués, tels que le chlorure de méthyle, le chlorure d'octyle, le bromure de dodécyle, l'iodure d'octadécyle, le chlorure de benzyle, des halogénures d'hydroxy-alkyles, tels que le chlorure d'hydroxyéthyle. Comme exemples d'halogénures de cyclo-alkyles on citera le chlorure de cyclohexyle et le chlorure de cyclopentyle.
Les composés époxydiqués et épithio sont par exemple des oxydes et des sulfures d'alkylènes et �e cycloalkylènes, tels que l'oxyde d'éthylène, l'oxyde de propylène, l'oxyde de butylène, l'oxyde d'octylène, l'oxyde de dodécylène, l'oxyde d'octadécylène, l'oxyde de cyclo-hexylène, l'oxyde de styrène, le glycidol, le diglycidyle, l'épichlorhydrine, des esters, éthars et thio-éthers glycidyliques, des adducts mono- et polyglycidyliques de composés hétérocycliques azotés,tels que l'isocyanurate de N-glycidyle et la N,N'-diglycidyl-hydantoine. Les éthers et thio-êthers glycidyliques peuvent contenir, dans le groupe éther,le radical R qui a été défini à propos des composés de formule I.
Les mélanges de composés conformes à l'invention agissent, déjà à très faibles doses, comme additifs haute pression dans les lubrifiants. C'est ainsi que les lubrifiants minéraux ou synthétiques, ainsi que leurs mélanges, qui ont été additionnés de 0,01 à 5 % en poids , par rapport au lubrifiant,
<EMI ID=45.1>
l'invention, font preuve d'excellentes propriétés de lubrifiants haute pression, qui se traduisent par une diminution considérable des phénomènes d'usure des parties à lubrifier (additifs EP/AW). Les lubrifiants que l'on peut envisager sont bien <EMI ID=46.1>
<EMI ID=47.1>
1974). Chose étonnante, les mélanges conformes à l'invention
-sont beaucoup plus efficaces, par exemple,que les esters cycliques décrits dans le premier fascicule publié de la demanda de-brevet de la République Fédérale d'Allemagne N[deg.] 2.004.154, et en outre ils sont extrêmement peu corrosifs.
Le lubrifiant peut en outre contenir d'autres additifs ayant pour but d'améliorer certaines propriétés des huiles de base, tels que des antioxydants, des passivants de métaux, des inhibiteurs de corrosion, des substances améliorant l'indice de viscosité, des substances abaissant le point de congélation, des dispersants/détergents et d'autres additifs
<EMI ID=48.1>
(a) Amines aromatiques alkylées ou non et mélanges de telles amines, par exemple :
la dioctyl-phényl-amine, la mono-t-octyl-phényl-aou -p-naphtylamine, la phénothiazine, la dioctyl-phénothiazine, la phényl-a-naphtylamine et la N,N'-di-sec-butyl-p-phénylènediamine.
(b) Phénols à empêchement stérique, par exemple:
di-tert-butyl-2,6 p-crésol , 4,4'-bis-(diiso- <EMI ID=49.1>
(méthyl-4 tert-butyl-6 phénol), 4,4'-méthylène-bis-(di-t-butyl2,6 phénol), esters de l'acide (di-tert-butyl-3,5 hydroxy-4' phényl)-3 propionique et de l'hexane-diol-1,6 , du thiodiéthylène-glycol, de l'octanol ou du pentaérythritol.
(c) Phosphites d'alkylee, d'aryles ou d'alkylaryles, par exemple :
phosphite de trinonyle, phosphite de triphényle, phosphite de diphényle et de décyle.
(d) Esters de l'acide thio-dipropionique ou de l'acide thio-diacétique, par exemple thiodipropionate de dilauryle et thio-diacétate de dioctyle.
(e) Sels d'acides carbamiques et d'acides dithiophosphoriques, par exemple : <EMI ID=50.1>
et de zinc.
Association de deux ou de plus de deux antioxydants choisis parmi les précédents, par exemple :
amine. alkylée et phénol à empêchement stérique.
Passivants de métaux
(a) Pour le cuivre, par exemple :
benzotriazole, tétrahydro-benzotriazole, mercapto-2 <EMI ID=51.1>
diamine et sels de salicylamino-guanidine.
(b) Pour le plomb, par exemple :
acide sébacique, quinizarine et gallate de propyle.
(c) Association de deux ou de plus de deux des additifs précédents.
Inhibiteurs de corrosion
(a) Acides organiques, leurs esters, leurs sels métallique!; et leurs anhydrides, par exemple :
N-oléoyl-sarcosine, mono-oléate de sorbitan, naphténate de plomb et anhydride dodécényl-succinique.
(b) Composés azotés, par exemple :
I. amines aliphatiques ou cyclo-aliphatiques primaires, secondaires ou tertiaires et sels d'amines dérivant
<EMI ID=52.1>
ammoniums olêosolubles .
II. Composés hétérocycliques, par exemple :
<EMI ID=53.1>
(c) Composés phosphorés, par exemple :
sels d'aminés d'esters phosphoriques partiels.
(d) Composés sulfurés, par exemple :
dinonyl-naphtalêne-sulfonates de baryum, et sels calciques de pétroles sulfonés.
(e) Association de deux ou de plus de deux des additifs précédents.
<EMI ID=54.1>
<EMI ID=55.1>
copolymères d'oléfines et -copolymères de vinyl-pyridone avec
<EMI ID=56.1>
Composés abaissant le point de congélation Exemples : polyméthacrylates et dérivés alkylés du naphtalène.
<EMI ID=57.1>
Exemples : polybutényl-succinimides, dérivés d'acides polybutényl-phosphoriques, sulfonates et phénolates de magnésium, calcium ou baryum surbasiques.
Additifs anti-usures
Exemples : composés contenant du soufre et/ou du phosphore et/ou un halogène, tels qu'huiles végétales sulfurées, dithiophosphates de dialkyles et de zinc, phosphate de tritolyle , paraffines chlorées, disulfures d'alkyles et disulfures d'aryles.
Inhibiteurs de moussage
Huiles de silicone et esters polymères.
Les exemples suivants illustrent la présente invention.
A) EXEMPLES DE PREPARATION
Exemple 1 :
A 1 mole d'alcool stéarylique et 1 ml de SnCl4 on ajoute goutte à goutte 1,4 mole de glycidol à un débit tel que la température ne dépasse pas 75 - 80[deg.]C. Pour compléter la réaction on agite pendant encore 1 heure à 90-100[deg.]C,puis on laisse refroidir. L'analyse du produit par chromatographie sur gel donne à peu près la composition suivante :
alcool stéarylique 21,8 %
<EMI ID=58.1>
adducts -oligomères 46,05 %
(polymères) (0,75 %)
On ajoute au produit réactionnel 1 mole de C13H27NH2 (PRIMENE 81 R) et on ajoute le mélange obtenu goutte à goutte, tout en agitant énergiquement, à une suspension, chauffée à 35[deg.]C, ,de 1/2,môle de pentasulfure de phosphore dans du toluène jouant le rôle de solvant. Au cours de cette réaction le pentasulfure de phosphore passe totalement en solution et il se dégage du sulfure d'hydrogène. La réaction terminée, on chasse le toluène par distillation sous pression réduite. On obtient ainsi le mélange 1 conforme à l'invention.
Exemple 2 :
En opérant comme à l'exemple 1 on fait réagir
1 mole d'alcool iso-octylique et 1 mole de glycidol. On fait ensuite réagir avec 1/2 mole de pentasulfure de phosphore jusqu'à ce que celui-ci soit passé en solution mais, cette fois, on n'utilise pas de toluène. On obtient le mélange 2.
Exemples 3 à 24 :
En opérant comme à l'exemple 1 on fait réagir les .corps de départ indiqués ci-dessous,dans les rapports molaires également indiqués, de manière à obtenir les mélanges 3 à 11 et 14 à 24. Pour préparer les mélanges 12 et 13 on fait réagir le produit réactionnel de l'exemple 2, tout en chauffant, avec les esters acryliques cités.
3 : 1 mole d'iso-octanol + 1 mole de glycidol + 1/2 mole
<EMI ID=59.1>
4 : 1 mole d'Oxanol 12/15 (fabricant : Ruhrchemie)
<EMI ID=60.1>
<EMI ID=61.1>
<EMI ID=62.1>
<EMI ID=63.1>
<EMI ID=64.1> <EMI ID=65.1>
<EMI ID=66.1>
<EMI ID=67.1>
de P2S5 + 1 mole d'acrylate de méthyle
13 1 mole d'iso-octanol + 1 mole de glycidol + 1/2 mole
de P2S5 + 1 mole d'acrylate d'iso-octyle.
14 comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole' de triéthylamine
<EMI ID=68.1>
16 : comme à l'exemple 3 , mais +1 mole de di-tridécyl-amine
<EMI ID=69.1>
18 : comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole d'amino-4 di-t-
butyl-2,6 phénol
19 : comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole de tri-n-octyl-amine
20 : comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole de cyclohexy lamine
21 : comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole d'oléyl-di-(hydroxy-
éthyl)-amine
<EMI ID=70.1>
octyl-amine
<EMI ID=71.1>
(amine 0)
24 comme à l'exemple 3, mais + 1 mole d'oléyl-di-(hydroxy-
éthyl)-amina sulfurée. Exemples 25 à 45 :
<EMI ID=72.1>
mentionnés ci-dessous (préparés à partir de l'alcanol et de <EMI ID=73.1>
pas dépassée. Pour compléter la réaction on continue d'agiter
<EMI ID=74.1>
verse dans la solution 1 mole de l'amine indiquée et on ajoute
<EMI ID=75.1>
200 ml de toluène à une température d'environ 40 à 45[deg.]C. Au cours de cette opération on fait passer à travers la solution un courant modéré d'azote et on recueille quantitativement le sulfure d'hydrogène entraîné dans une solution aqueuse de KOH.
<EMI ID=76.1>
environ 2 heures, on chasse le toluène sous pression réduite et on obtient ainsi, avec un rendement quantitatif, des produits visqueux incolores à jaune clair.
<EMI ID=77.1>
27 dithiophosphate de di-isopropyle + t-C13H27-NH2
28 dithiophosphate de di-(Dobanol-91) + di-tridécylamine
29 : comme à l'exemple 28, mais avec l'oléylamine
30 comme à l'exemple 28, mais avec l'amine Adogen 363
<EMI ID=78.1>
<EMI ID=79.1>
34 dithiophosphate de di-isotridécyle + di-tridécyl-amine
35 comme à l'exemple 34, mais avec l'oléylamine
36 comme à l'exemple 34, mais avec l'amine Adogen 363 <EMI ID=80.1>
38 comme à l'exemple 34, mais avec l'amine Adogen 368
39 comme à l'exemple 34, mais avec l'amine Primene JMT
40 dithiophosphate de di-(l)obanol-25) + di-tridécyl-amine
41 comme à l'exemple 40, mais avec l'oléylamine
42 comme à l'exemple 40, mais avec l'amine Adogen 363
43 comme à l'exemple 40, mais avec l'amine Adogen 364
44 comme à l'exemple 40, mais avec l'amine Adogen 368
45 comme à l'exemple 40, mais avec l'amine PRIMENE JMT.
Exemples 46 à 50 :
En opérant comme à l'exemple 1 on fait réagir les alcanols mentionnés ci-dessous avec le glycidol et avec
<EMI ID=81.1>
nouveau, comme dans les exemples 25 à 27,avec le glycidol
<EMI ID=82.1>
rendement quantitatif, des produits visqueux,incolores à jaune clair.
46 1 mole d'iso-octanol + 1 mole de glycidol + 1/2 mole
<EMI ID=83.1>
<EMI ID=84.1>
47 1 mole d'alcool stéarylique'+ 1 mole de glycidol +
<EMI ID=85.1>
<EMI ID=86.1>
49 comme à l'exemple 45, mais avec l'alcool Dobanol 25
50 comme à l'exemple 47, mais avec le t-dodécyl-mercaptan
au lieu de l'alcool stéarylique.
Exemples 51 à 54 :
<EMI ID=87.1>
et d'une amine=
<EMI ID=88.1>
on ajoute goutte à goutte, tout en agitant énergiquement, à une température d'environ 70 à 80[deg.]C, 1 mole d'un des mercaptans
<EMI ID=89.1>
totalement en solution, tout en veillant à ce que la température ne s'élève pas au-dessus de 120[deg.]C. Cela fait, on neutralise avec l'amine indiquée et on chasse le toluène sous pression réduite. On obtient, avec un rendement quantitatif, des produits liquides incolores à jaune clair, que l'on a caractérisés par
<EMI ID=90.1>
<EMI ID=91.1>
<EMI ID=92.1>
<EMI ID=93.1>
Exemples 55 à 62 :
Produits d'addition avec des composés époxy et épithio.
On fait'réagir les produits préparés selon l'exemple 2 ou leurs sels d'ammonium,à 80-90[deg.]C, avec les composés époxy ou épithio indiqués ci-dessous. On obtient des produits liquides avec un rendement quantitatif.
<EMI ID=94.1>
<EMI ID=95.1> 0
<EMI ID=96.1>
<EMI ID=97.1>
<EMI ID=98.1>
<EMI ID=99.1>
<EMI ID=100.1>
<EMI ID=101.1>
Exemples 63 à 65 :
Produits d'addition avec des oléfines.
Préparation effectuée selon les exemples 55 à 62.
<EMI ID=102.1>
décyl-ammonium
<EMI ID=103.1>
<EMI ID=104.1>
r, <EMI ID=105.1>
Exemples 66 et 67 :
Sels métalliques.
On dissout dans du toluène les produits réactionnels qui ont été préparés selon l'exemple 2 et on ajoute des quantités équimolaires d'un acétate de métal. Après cela on chauffe à reflux, on chasse l'acide acétique formé et on obtient le produit réactionnel par élimination du toluène.
<EMI ID=106.1>
solide
67 " " " + acétate de calcium,
<EMI ID=107.1>
B) EXEMPLES D'APPLICATION
Au moyen de l'appareil à quatre billes de Shell on mesure les grandeurs suivantes (Tentative method IP 239/69; Extrême pressure and wear lubricant test for oils and gréa ses, four bail-machine):
1) I.S.L. = initial seizura load ; (charge de grippage initiale) :c'est la charge four laquelle la pellicule d'huile se rompt au bout de 10 secondes ;
2) W.L. = weld load (charge de soudure); d'est la charge
pour laquelle les quatre billes se soudent les unes aux autres en 10 secondes ;
<EMI ID=108.1>
zone d'usure pour une charge de 70 kg s'exerçant pendant 1 heure.
4) Dans quelques cas on a également déterminé l'action corro-'
sive par l'essai à la bande de cuivre (essai au Cu), en utilisant une échelle d'évaluation allant de la à 4b .
Comme huile de base on utilisa Catenex 41 (non commercial de la Société Shell). Les résultats sont consignés dans
le tableau suivant.
<EMI ID=109.1>
<EMI ID=110.1>
<EMI ID=111.1>
<EMI ID=112.1>
<EMI ID=113.1>
<EMI ID=114.1>
ESSAI COMPARATIF :
<EMI ID=115.1>
<EMI ID=116.1>
base (Flexon 845), sur le banc d'essai pour gauchissement de roues dentées selon la norme allemande DIN 51354 jusqu'à ce
que survienne l'étape de charge destructrice (ECD). On détermine alors la concentration minimale pour laquelle apparaît encore la plus haute étape de charge destructrice. Les résultats sont consignés dans le tableau suivant.
TABLEAU
<EMI ID=117.1>
On voit que le composé conforma à l'invention est le plus efficace à la concentration la plus faible.
'REVENDICATIONS
<EMI ID=118.1>
phosphorique ou de l'acide trithiophosphorique, mélange qu'on obtient en faisant réagir a) des composés, répondant à l'une des formules générales I,
II et III
<EMI ID=119.1>
dans lesquelles
Y représente le radical -CH-CH-- ou un radical
OH
-CH-
CH2XH
n désigne un nombre de 0,5 à 10,
les deux X représentent chacun, indépendamment l'un de
l'autre, un atome d'oxygène ou un atome de soufre et
R représente un radical hydrocarboné de caractère aliphatique ou aromatique, qui est éventuellement interrompu par un atome d'oxygène
ou de soufre,
avec b) le pentasulfure de phosphore, ainsi que ses sels de métaux ou d'ammonium et ses composés d'addition avec des oléfine, des halogénures d'alkyles, des halogénures de cyclo-alkyles, des époxydes ou des composés épithio, éventuellement substituas.
Mixture of dithiophosphoric or trithiophos-
<EMI ID = 1.1>
The present invention relates to products of <EMI ID = 2.1> of thio-glycerol and mono-esters of glycerol and di- or trithiophosphoric diesters, their preparation and their use as stabilizing additives for lubricants.
The first published specification of the Federal Republic of Germany patent application N [deg.] 2,004,154 describes amine salts of cyclic diesters of dithiophosphoric acids as additives for lubricating oils and fuel oils. Although these compounds are very effective, it would be interesting to have additives available which are even more effective.
The present invention relates to a mixture
of diesters of dithiophosphoric or trithiophosphoric acids, a mixture obtained by reacting a) of compounds corresponding to one of the general formulas I, II and III
<EMI ID = 3.1>
in which
<EMI ID = 4.1>
n denotes a number that can range from 0.5 to 10,
the two Xs each represent, independently of one another, an oxygen or sulfur atom and
R represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical
or aromatic, optionally interrupted by an oxygen or sulfur atom,
with b) phosphorus pentasulfide, as well as the metal or ammonium salts of such a mixture <EMI ID = 5.1>
epoxides or epithio compounds; optionally substituted.
It is preferable that X is an oxygen atom in the group -CH- and that n denotes a number from 0.5 to 4,
CELXH
in particular from 1 to 2, and more especially the number 1.
When R denotes an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical, it may be a linear alkyl radical, but
more particularly branched, possibly interrupted by
oxygen or sulfur atoms, or of a cyclo-alkyl or cycloalkyl-alkyl radical optionally carrying one or two alkyl radicals, which preferably each contain from 1 to 12 carbon atoms. As an aromatic hydrocarbon radical, R represents an aryl or aralkyl radical optionally carrying one or two alkyl radicals. The alkyl preferably contains 1 to 30 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 24, and more preferably 1 to 18, and the cyclo-alkyl contains 5 to 8 carbon atoms in its ring and is preferably the cyclohexyl radical. The aryl is preferably the phenyl radical,
and the aralkyl is preferably the benzyl radical; the cyclo-alkyl, phenyl or benzyl radical preferably carries 1 or 2 alkyl radicals as substituents.
In formulas I, II and III, the symbol R denotes more particularly a linear or, better still, branched alkyl radical containing from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably from 4 to 18. Here are a few examples: methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, 2-methyl pentyl, heptyl, octyl, 2-ethylhexyl, nonyl, isononyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, 2-ethyl decyl, t-dodecyl, tetradecyl, octadecyl , iso-octadecyl, eicosyl, docosyl, tetracosyl, methoxy-ethyl, methoxy-n-propyl, octyloxy-
ethyl, octylthio-ethyl, cyclopentyl, methyl-cyclopentyl, ethyl-cyclopentyl-methyl, cyclohexyl-methyl, methyl-cyclohexyl, p-nonyl-cyclohexyl, cyclododecyl, methyl-phenyl, ethyl-phenyl, t-butyl-phenyl, dimethyl- phenyl, hexyl-phenyl, iso-octyl-phenyl, nonyl-phenyl, dinonyl-phenyl. dodecyl-
<EMI ID = 6.1>
dodecyl-benzyl.
R can also represent radicals originating.
<EMI ID = 7.1>
which are generally prepared by the Ziegler process from aluminum, hydrogen and ethylene, with subsequent hydroxylation, are mostly mixtures of several branched alcohols. They are found in shops,
<EMI ID = 8.1>
cant: Condea), Dobanols (manufacturer: Shell) and Oxanols
(manufacturer: Ruhrchemie).
The compounds of formula I and their methods of preparation are known. On this subject, the second published fascicle of the R.F.A. patent application may be consulted.
<EMI ID = 9.1>
<EMI ID = 10.1>
<EMI ID = 11.1>
The simplest way to obtain the aliphatic ethers of glycerol consists, for example, in reacting alcohols with glycidol in the presence of catalysts, for example
<EMI ID = 12.1>
The product resulting from the reaction is a random mixture consisting of the starting substance as well as of monomeric and oligomeric compounds, a mixture whose composition depends essentially on the reaction conditions and on the ratio between the quantities of the reaction partners. This is the reason why, in formula I, the number n can take any value from 0.5 to 10. The reaction product can therefore still contain a certain proportion of the alcohol which has been added. involved. In principle, this does not need to be removed, but it sometimes happens that it is advantageous to remove at least part of it by distillation.
Another way of preparing the aliphatic ethers of glycerol consists in fixing the epichlorohydrin on aliphatic alcohols, for example according to the following scheme:
<EMI ID = 13.1>
This addition reaction is practically uniform: that is, the distribution of the adducts in the reaction mixture is relatively narrow and there is almost no starting alcohol left. Saponification
<EMI ID = 14.1>
sodium, provides the desired glycidic ether and the reaction with
<EMI ID = 15.1>
the corresponding monothioglycerol ethers (see US Pat. No. 3,361,723 already cited).
The aromatic ethers of glycerol can also be prepared without difficulty by adding glycidol. But
this time it is advantageous to use anionic catalysts, for example sodium hydride or BF3-etherate. Under these conditions, a relatively homogeneous final product is formed.
By operating as in the case of phenols, it is possible to prepare, by adding glycidol to mercaptans, glycerol monothioethers. Relatively uniform reaction products are still obtained. Aromatic ethers
<EMI ID = 16.1>
glycerol can also be obtained by fixing
<EMI ID = 17.1>
What has been said above for the compounds of formula I about the purity is also valid for the compounds of formulas II and III,
The compounds of formula II, which are adducts of glycidol on dithiophosphoric esters, are obtained very simply by reacting 4 moles of alcohol
<EMI ID = 18.1>
this in an amount of 2 moles. For this we do not generally need a catalyst because the epoxy group of the glycidol reacts
well with the very acidic P-SH group. A relatively homogeneous reaction product is also obtained. It is recommended to carry out this reaction under conditions analogous to those applied for the subsequent preparation of the mixtures.
<EMI ID = 19.1>
successive can be done in a single container.
To prepare the compounds of formula III, it is advisable to react once again with glycidol the mixtures in accordance with the invention which originate from
<EMI ID = 20.1> <EMI ID = 21.1>
or (III) with phosphorus pentasulfide, at the same time as H2S, mixtures of compounds in accordance with the invention are formed, mixtures which necessarily have roughly the same statistical distribution as compounds (I) , (II) or
(III). When these compounds have 1,2-diol structures
(for n = 1) it can be assumed that essentially cyclic esters are formed such as the following:
<EMI ID = 22.1>
<EMI ID = 23.1>
glycerol still contain free -OH or -SE groups
<EMI ID = 24.1>
without appreciable formation of cyclic ester groups.
<EMI ID = 25.1>
a certain proportion of the starting alcohol is formed,
<EMI ID = 26.1>
like
<EMI ID = 27.1>
For the reaction, 1/4
<EMI ID = 28.1>
or -SH present in the compounds of formulas I, II or III, and the hydrogen sulfide formed is removed. The reaction can be carried out without solvent or else in the presence of inert solvents, such as hydrocarbons, for example pentane,
<EMI ID = 29.1>
or toluene, or ethers, for example tetrahydrofuran or diethyl ether. We generally operate at temperatures
<EMI ID = 30.1>
of phosphorus is preferably introduced in portions or in
<EMI ID = 31.1>
start and then add the glycidol ether. In the course of the reaction diesters of dior trithiophosphoric acid are first formed so that a very acidic -SH group is available for subsequent modifications. Thanks to such modifications, which are for example alkylations or salifications, it is possible to improve the solubility or the compatibility with substrates, and also to decrease the volatility, which amounts to increasing the activity.
By reaction with metal bases (neutralization), for example with oxides or hydroxides, metal salts are obtained. Among the metal salts which are particularly suitable, mention may be made of barium, cadmium, zinc, antimony, titanium, molybdenum salts,
of molybdenyl and tungsten.
However, the ammonium salts derived from ammonia or from primary, secondary or tertiary amines are preferred. Preference will then be given to amines which confer good solubility in oils. By combining the starting alcohol of formula I, II or III and the compound used for the modification, for example an amine, it is therefore possible to obtain, by the substituents, which are for example alkyl radicals, products which have good solubility , which are not volatile and have good compatibility. It is advantageous to prepare these salts by adding phosphorus pentasulfide to the mixture of compounds of formula I, II or III and the amount of amine necessary for neutralization. This embodiment is preferably carried out in inert solvents and at temperatures of 20 to 40 [deg.] C.
Another method of preparation consists in neutralizing mixtures of compounds according to the invention with amines, which neutralization can be carried out after or during the formation, for example also
<EMI ID = 32.1> <EMI ID = 33.1>
The amines used for the formation of the salts can have the general formula
<EMI ID = 34.1>
<EMI ID = 35.1>
from each other, a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon radical of aliphatic or aromatic character which is optionally interrupted by oxygen or sulfur atoms and which may contain from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, preferably from 1 to 18. With the nitrogen atom, Rl, R and / or R <3> can together form
a core. The hydrocarbon radicals are in particular alkyl, alkoxy-alkyl or alkylthio-alkyl radicals, the alkyls of which are linear or, better, branched, cycloalkyl, cycloalkyl-alkyl, alkyl-cycloalkyl, alkyl-cycloalkyl-alkyl, aryl, especially phenyl radicals , alkyl-aryls, especially alkylphenyls, aralkyls, especially benzyl, and alkyl-aryl-alkyls, especially alkyl-benzyls.
<EMI ID = 36.1>
R, R and R can also be radicals originating from amines or mixtures of technical amines, such as those which can be found commercially, for example
<EMI ID = 37.1>
<EMI ID = 38.1>
Litachim), or fatty amines, for example the fatty amines of tall oil, soybean, coconut and tallow.
The amines can also be diamines, such as alkylene diamines and bicyclic and tricyclic diamines, inter alia piperazine and quinuclidine.
Here are some examples of amines: methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, t-butylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, � thyl-2hexyl) amine, t-octylamine, decylamine,
<EMI ID = 39.1> <EMI ID = 40.1>
dimethyl-amine, tridecyl-dimethyl-amine, decyl-dimethyl-amine, didodecyl-methyl-amine, methyl-butyl-dodecyl-amine, dimethyl-propylamine, trioctyl-amine, dioctyl-methyl-amine, dodecylbenzylmethyl-amine, nonylphenyl- dimethyl-amine, phenyl-dodecyl-methylamine, 'phenyl-dimethyl-amine, benzyl-dimethyl-amine, allyldibutyl-amine, methyl-dodecenyl-amine, heptadecyl-dimethylamine, dioctyl-methyl-amine, methyl-a-naphthyl-phenyl -amine, cyclohexyl-dimethyl-amine, nonyl-dimethyl-amine, tris- (n-tr.idecyl) -amine, tris- (n-dodecyl) -amine, tris- (iso-octyl) -amine, methyl-butyl -hexadecyl-amine, triethyl-amine, 3,5-dimethyl
<EMI ID = 41.1>
dodecyl-amine, methyl-butyl-dodecyl-amine, dimethyl-dodecylamine, hexadecyl-dimethyl-amine, tris- (isododecyl) -amine,
<EMI ID = 42.1>
(N-methyl) 1-imidazoline, (N-methyl) 1-pyrrazoline, oxazoline, quinoline, pyrrolidine, N-ethyl-pyrrolidine, N-methyl-pipé
<EMI ID = 43.1>
It is also possible to react the P-SH groups of the mixtures according to the invention, in order to modify the properties of the mixtures in question, with olefins, optionally substituted, halides (preferably chlorides) of. optionally substituted alkyls or cyclo-alkyls, epoxy compounds and epithio compounds. These compounds used for the modification preferably contain from 1 to 30 carbon atoms, more particularly from 2 to 20, or, more preferably, from 4 to 18.
The olefins will in particular be aliphatic olefins containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, such as ethylene, propylene, butene, isobutene, pentene, hexene, cyclo-hexene, octene, iso-octene, dodecene and octadecene, and substituted olefins, such as styrene, methyl-styrene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl fluoride, acrylonitrile, unsaturated acids containing preferably from 1 to 18 carbon atoms as well as their esters and their anhydrides, such as <EMI ID = 44.1>
fumaric acid and their alkyl, cycloalkyl, phenyl and benzyl esters, esters derived from carbdxylic acids and unsaturated alcohols, such as vinyl esters which preferably contain, in the acid part,
from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, such as acetate, propionate, butyrate, stearate, oleate, benzoate and vinyl maleate, and esters of allyl alcohol, as well as vinyl ethers.
The halides are, for example, halides of alkylen Cl-C18, optionally substituted, such as methyl chloride, octyl chloride, dodecyl bromide, octadecyl iodide, benzyl chloride, halides of 'hydroxy alkyls, such as hydroxyethyl chloride. As examples of cycloalkyl halides, there will be mentioned cyclohexyl chloride and cyclopentyl chloride.
Epoxy and epithio compounds are, for example, oxides and sulphides of alkylenes and cycloalkylenes, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, butylene oxide, ether oxide. octylene, dodecylene oxide, octadecylene oxide, cyclohexylene oxide, styrene oxide, glycidol, diglycidyl, epichlorohydrin, glycidyl esters, ethers and thioethers, mono- and polyglycidyl adducts of nitrogenous heterocyclic compounds, such as N-glycidyl isocyanurate and N, N'-diglycidyl-hydantoin. Glycidyl ethers and thio-ethers can contain, in the ether group, the radical R which has been defined with regard to the compounds of formula I.
The mixtures of compounds in accordance with the invention act, already at very low doses, as high pressure additives in lubricants. Thus, mineral or synthetic lubricants, as well as their mixtures, which have been added from 0.01 to 5% by weight, relative to the lubricant,
<EMI ID = 45.1>
the invention, demonstrate excellent properties of high pressure lubricants, which result in a considerable reduction in the phenomena of wear of the parts to be lubricated (EP / AW additives). The lubricants that can be considered are <EMI ID = 46.1>
<EMI ID = 47.1>
1974). Surprisingly, the mixtures according to the invention
-are much more effective, for example, than the cyclic esters described in the first published specification of the Federal Republic of Germany patent application No. 2,004,154, and in addition they are extremely low corrosive.
The lubricant may also contain other additives intended to improve certain properties of the base oils, such as antioxidants, metal passivants, corrosion inhibitors, substances improving the viscosity index, substances lowering freezing point, dispersants / detergents and other additives
<EMI ID = 48.1>
(a) Aromatic amines, whether alkylated or not, and mixtures of such amines, for example:
dioctyl-phenyl-amine, mono-t-octyl-phenyl-aou -p-naphthylamine, phenothiazine, dioctyl-phenothiazine, phenyl-a-naphthylamine and N, N'-di-sec-butyl-p -phenylenediamine.
(b) Sterically hindered phenols, for example:
di-tert-butyl-2,6 p-cresol, 4,4'-bis- (diiso- <EMI ID = 49.1>
(4-methyl tert-butyl-6 phenol), 4,4'-methylene-bis- (di-t-butyl2,6 phenol), acid esters (di-tert-butyl-3,5-hydroxy-4 'phenyl) -3 propionic and hexanediol-1,6, thiodiethylene glycol, octanol or pentaerythritol.
(c) Alkyl, aryl or alkyl aryl phosphites, for example:
trinonyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, diphenyl and decyl phosphite.
(d) Esters of thio-dipropionic acid or of thio-diacetic acid, for example dilauryl thiodipropionate and dioctyl thio-diacetate.
(e) Salts of carbamic acids and dithiophosphoric acids, for example: <EMI ID = 50.1>
and zinc.
Association of two or more antioxidants chosen from the above, for example:
amine. alkylated and sterically hindered phenol.
Metal passivators
(a) For copper, for example:
benzotriazole, tetrahydro-benzotriazole, 2-mercapto <EMI ID = 51.1>
diamine and salicylamino-guanidine salts.
(b) For lead, for example:
sebacic acid, quinizarin and propyl gallate.
(c) Combination of two or more of the above additives.
Corrosion inhibitors
(a) Organic acids, their esters, their metal salts !; and their anhydrides, for example:
N-oleoyl-sarcosine, sorbitan mono-oleate, lead naphthenate and dodecenyl-succinic anhydride.
(b) Nitrogenous compounds, for example:
I. primary, secondary or tertiary aliphatic or cycloaliphatic amines and salts of derived amines
<EMI ID = 52.1>
oil-soluble ammoniums.
II. Heterocyclic compounds, for example:
<EMI ID = 53.1>
(c) Phosphorus compounds, for example:
amine salts of partial phosphoric esters.
(d) Sulfur compounds, for example:
barium dinonyl-naphthalene sulfonates, and calcium salts of sulfonated oils.
(e) Combination of two or more of the above additives.
<EMI ID = 54.1>
<EMI ID = 55.1>
copolymers of olefins and -copolymers of vinyl-pyridone with
<EMI ID = 56.1>
Compounds lowering the freezing point Examples: polymethacrylates and alkylated derivatives of naphthalene.
<EMI ID = 57.1>
Examples: polybutenyl-succinimides, derivatives of polybutenyl-phosphoric acids, overbased magnesium, calcium or barium sulfonates and phenolates.
Anti-wear additives
Examples: compounds containing sulfur and / or phosphorus and / or a halogen, such as sulfurized vegetable oils, dialkyl and zinc dithiophosphates, tritolyl phosphate, chlorinated paraffins, alkyl disulfides and aryl disulfides.
Foaming inhibitors
Silicone oils and polymer esters.
The following examples illustrate the present invention.
A) PREPARATION EXAMPLES
Example 1:
1.4 moles of glycidol are added dropwise to 1 mole of stearyl alcohol and 1 ml of SnCl4 at a rate such that the temperature does not exceed 75 - 80 [deg.] C. To complete the reaction, stirred for a further 1 hour at 90-100 [deg.] C, then allowed to cool. Analysis of the product by gel chromatography gives approximately the following composition:
stearyl alcohol 21.8%
<EMI ID = 58.1>
adducts -oligomers 46.05%
(polymers) (0.75%)
1 mole of C13H27NH2 (PRIMENE 81 R) is added to the reaction product and the resulting mixture is added dropwise, while stirring vigorously, to a suspension, heated to 35 [deg.] C,, of 1/2, mole of phosphorus pentasulfide in toluene acting as a solvent. During this reaction, phosphorus pentasulfide completely goes into solution and hydrogen sulfide is released. When the reaction is complete, the toluene is removed by distillation under reduced pressure. The mixture 1 in accordance with the invention is thus obtained.
Example 2:
By operating as in Example 1, we react
1 mole of iso-octyl alcohol and 1 mole of glycidol. It is then reacted with 1/2 mole of phosphorus pentasulfide until it has gone into solution, but this time no toluene is used. We obtain mixture 2.
Examples 3 to 24:
By operating as in Example 1, the starting bodies indicated below are reacted, in the molar ratios also indicated, so as to obtain mixtures 3 to 11 and 14 to 24. To prepare mixtures 12 and 13, the mixture is obtained. reacts the reaction product of Example 2, while heating, with the acrylic esters mentioned.
3: 1 mole of iso-octanol + 1 mole of glycidol + 1/2 mole
<EMI ID = 59.1>
4: 1 mole of Oxanol 12/15 (manufacturer: Ruhrchemie)
<EMI ID = 60.1>
<EMI ID = 61.1>
<EMI ID = 62.1>
<EMI ID = 63.1>
<EMI ID = 64.1> <EMI ID = 65.1>
<EMI ID = 66.1>
<EMI ID = 67.1>
of P2S5 + 1 mole of methyl acrylate
13 1 mole of iso-octanol + 1 mole of glycidol + 1/2 mole
of P2S5 + 1 mole of iso-octyl acrylate.
14 as in Example 3, but + 1 mole 'of triethylamine
<EMI ID = 68.1>
16: as in Example 3, but +1 mole of di-tridecyl-amine
<EMI ID = 69.1>
18: as in example 3, but + 1 mole of amino-4 di-t-
2,6-butyl phenol
19: as in Example 3, but + 1 mole of tri-n-octyl-amine
20: as in Example 3, but + 1 mole of cyclohexylamine
21: as in Example 3, but + 1 mole of oleyl-di- (hydroxy-
ethyl) -amine
<EMI ID = 70.1>
octyl-amine
<EMI ID = 71.1>
(amine 0)
24 as in Example 3, but + 1 mole of oleyl-di- (hydroxy-
ethyl) -amina sulfide. Examples 25 to 45:
<EMI ID = 72.1>
mentioned below (prepared from alkanol and <EMI ID = 73.1>
not exceeded. To complete the reaction we continue to stir
<EMI ID = 74.1>
pour into the solution 1 mole of the indicated amine and add
<EMI ID = 75.1>
200 ml of toluene at a temperature of about 40 to 45 [deg.] C. During this operation a moderate stream of nitrogen is passed through the solution and the hydrogen sulfide entrained in an aqueous solution of KOH is collected quantitatively.
<EMI ID = 76.1>
For about 2 hours, the toluene is removed under reduced pressure and thus colorless to light yellow viscous products are obtained in quantitative yield.
<EMI ID = 77.1>
27 di-isopropyl dithiophosphate + t-C13H27-NH2
28 di- (Dobanol-91) dithiophosphate + di-tridecylamine
29: as in example 28, but with oleylamine
30 as in Example 28, but with the amine Adogen 363
<EMI ID = 78.1>
<EMI ID = 79.1>
34 di-isotridecyl dithiophosphate + di-tridecyl-amine
35 as in Example 34, but with oleylamine
36 as in Example 34, but with the amine Adogen 363 <EMI ID = 80.1>
38 as in example 34, but with the amine Adogen 368
39 as in Example 34, but with the amine Primene JMT
40 di- (l) obanol-25) + di-tridecyl-amine dithiophosphate
41 as in Example 40, but with oleylamine
42 as in Example 40, but with the amine Adogen 363
43 as in Example 40, but with the amine Adogen 364
44 as in Example 40, but with the amine Adogen 368
45 as in Example 40, but with the amine PRIMENE JMT.
Examples 46 to 50:
By operating as in Example 1, the alkanols mentioned below are reacted with glycidol and with
<EMI ID = 81.1>
new, as in Examples 25 to 27, with glycidol
<EMI ID = 82.1>
quantitative yield, viscous, colorless to light yellow products.
46 1 mole of iso-octanol + 1 mole of glycidol + 1/2 mole
<EMI ID = 83.1>
<EMI ID = 84.1>
47 1 mole of stearyl alcohol '+ 1 mole of glycidol +
<EMI ID = 85.1>
<EMI ID = 86.1>
49 as in Example 45, but with Dobanol 25 alcohol
50 as in Example 47, but with t-dodecyl-mercaptan
instead of stearyl alcohol.
Examples 51 to 54:
<EMI ID = 87.1>
and an amine =
<EMI ID = 88.1>
is added dropwise, while stirring vigorously, at a temperature of about 70 to 80 [deg.] C, 1 mole of one of the mercaptans
<EMI ID = 89.1>
completely in solution, while ensuring that the temperature does not rise above 120 [deg.] C. This being done, neutralization is carried out with the indicated amine and the toluene is removed under reduced pressure. Colorless to light yellow liquid products are obtained with a quantitative yield, which are characterized by
<EMI ID = 90.1>
<EMI ID = 91.1>
<EMI ID = 92.1>
<EMI ID = 93.1>
Examples 55 to 62:
Adducts with epoxy and epithio compounds.
The products prepared according to Example 2 or their ammonium salts are made to react at 80-90 [deg.] C, with the epoxy or epithio compounds indicated below. Liquid products are obtained with a quantitative yield.
<EMI ID = 94.1>
<EMI ID = 95.1> 0
<EMI ID = 96.1>
<EMI ID = 97.1>
<EMI ID = 98.1>
<EMI ID = 99.1>
<EMI ID = 100.1>
<EMI ID = 101.1>
Examples 63 to 65:
Adducts with olefins.
Preparation carried out according to Examples 55 to 62.
<EMI ID = 102.1>
decyl-ammonium
<EMI ID = 103.1>
<EMI ID = 104.1>
r, <EMI ID = 105.1>
Examples 66 and 67:
Metal salts.
The reaction products which were prepared according to Example 2 are dissolved in toluene and equimolar amounts of a metal acetate are added. After that, the mixture is heated to reflux, the acetic acid formed is removed and the reaction product is obtained by elimination of toluene.
<EMI ID = 106.1>
solid
67 "" "+ calcium acetate,
<EMI ID = 107.1>
B) APPLICATION EXAMPLES
Using Shell's four-ball device, the following quantities are measured (Tentative method IP 239/69; Extreme pressure and wear lubricant test for oils and gréa ses, four bail-machine):
1) I.S.L. = initial seizura load; (initial seizing load): this is the oven load in which the oil film breaks after 10 seconds;
2) W.L. = weld load; is the charge
in which the four balls are welded to each other in 10 seconds;
<EMI ID = 108.1>
wear zone for a load of 70 kg exercising for 1 hour.
4) In some cases we have also determined the corro- '
sive by the copper strip test (Cu test), using a rating scale from 1a to 4b.
Catenex 41 (non-commercial from the Shell company) was used as the base oil. The results are recorded in
the next board.
<EMI ID = 109.1>
<EMI ID = 110.1>
<EMI ID = 111.1>
<EMI ID = 112.1>
<EMI ID = 113.1>
<EMI ID = 114.1>
COMPARATIVE TEST:
<EMI ID = 115.1>
<EMI ID = 116.1>
base (Flexon 845), on the test stand for toothed wheel warping according to German standard DIN 51354 until
that the destructive charge stage (ECD) occurs. The minimum concentration is then determined for which the highest destructive charge step still appears. The results are shown in the following table.
BOARD
<EMI ID = 117.1>
It can be seen that the compound according to the invention is the most effective at the lowest concentration.
'CLAIMS
<EMI ID = 118.1>
phosphoric acid or trithiophosphoric acid, a mixture obtained by reacting a) of compounds, corresponding to one of the general formulas I,
II and III
<EMI ID = 119.1>
in which
Y represents the -CH-CH-- radical or a radical
OH
-CH-
CH2XH
n denotes a number from 0.5 to 10,
the two X's each independently represent one of
the other, an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom and
R represents a hydrocarbon radical of aliphatic or aromatic character, which is optionally interrupted by an oxygen atom
or sulfur,
with b) phosphorus pentasulfide, as well as its metal or ammonium salts and its addition compounds with olefins, alkyl halides, cycloalkyl halides, epoxides or epithio compounds, optionally substituted .
Claims (1)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH131577 | 1977-02-03 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BE863566A true BE863566A (en) | 1978-08-02 |
Family
ID=4207567
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BE184832A BE863566A (en) | 1977-02-03 | 1978-02-02 | MIXTURE OF DITHIOPHOSPHORIC OR TRITHIOPHOSPHORIC DIESTERS FOR USE AS LUBRICANT STABILIZER. |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE863566A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5980827A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1999-11-09 | Triosyn Corp | Disinfection of air using an iodine/resin disinfectant |
-
1978
- 1978-02-02 BE BE184832A patent/BE863566A/en unknown
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5980827A (en) * | 1992-09-16 | 1999-11-09 | Triosyn Corp | Disinfection of air using an iodine/resin disinfectant |
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