AU771034B2 - Method for preparing a protein composition and an infant formula containing same - Google Patents
Method for preparing a protein composition and an infant formula containing same Download PDFInfo
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- AU771034B2 AU771034B2 AU15566/00A AU1556600A AU771034B2 AU 771034 B2 AU771034 B2 AU 771034B2 AU 15566/00 A AU15566/00 A AU 15566/00A AU 1556600 A AU1556600 A AU 1556600A AU 771034 B2 AU771034 B2 AU 771034B2
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- milk
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- whey
- permeate
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C11/00—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions
- A23C11/02—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins
- A23C11/04—Milk substitutes, e.g. coffee whitener compositions containing at least one non-milk component as source of fats or proteins containing non-milk fats but no non-milk proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/14—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment
- A23C9/142—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration
- A23C9/1422—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations in which the chemical composition of the milk is modified by non-chemical treatment by dialysis, reverse osmosis or ultrafiltration by ultrafiltration, microfiltration or diafiltration of milk, e.g. for separating protein and lactose; Treatment of the UF permeate
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C2210/00—Physical treatment of dairy products
- A23C2210/20—Treatment using membranes, including sterile filtration
- A23C2210/206—Membrane filtration of a permeate obtained by ultrafiltration, nanofiltration or microfiltration
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Dairy Products (AREA)
- Peptides Or Proteins (AREA)
- Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention concerns a method for preparing a protein composition for an infant formula whereof the composition of amino acids is similar to that of human milk, which consists in treating a mammal's milk by microfiltration, then in demineralizing content it by electrodialysis without resorting to decationization by ion exchange.
Description
-1- Process for the preparation of a protein composition and of an infant formula containing it The invention relates to the field of the preparation of an infant formula predominantly based on a lactic raw material derived from whey.
Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field.
In infant formulas suitable for the needs of unweaned babies and of small children, it is desirable to have an amino acid profile which is as close as possible to that of breast milk. Although this is not difficult for the majority of essential amino acids, when raw materials originating from animal milk, in particular cows milk, such as whey, casein or skimmed milk, are used in formulas, some amino acids are not in equilibrium with respect to what is found in human milk, especially threonine and tryptophan.
*oooo S" 15 Threonine poses a particular problem in that its content is too high in formulas based predominantly on whey, which is likely to induce a o.hyperthreoninaemia in the plasma of unweaned babies and of young children fed *o these formulas. Casein has a lower threonine content, but a formula predominantly based on casein induces tryptophan deficiency. The tryptophan content increases in parallel with the proportion of whey proteins in the formula, but when sweet whey i(which is not sour, obtained by the action of rennet) which is the principal source is used, the optimum threonine content (of the order of 4.5-5.5 g/100 g of proteins) is exceeded.
Concentrates of acid whey have a much lower threonine content and a much higher tryptophan content than those of sweet whey. For this reason, it has been proposed, for example in WO 95/17102, to use a acid whey free of caseinomacropeptide or having a reduced content of caseinomacropeptide mixed with skimmed milk solids for preparing infant formulas having a similar amino acid composition to that of human milk, in particular containing 4.3-4.8 g of threonine/100 g of proteins.
-2- Acid whey nevertheless has certain disadvantages: it does not constitute a raw material which is available in abundance and it is rich in minerals which are particularly difficult to eliminate, particularly calcium and phosphorus, since the demineralization requires the use of ion-exchange techniques which are cumbersome to carry out and which consume large amounts of chemical products such as acids and bases and water.
It is an object of the present invention to overcome or ameliorate at least one of the disadvantages of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.
According to a first aspect, the invention provides a process for the manufacture of an infant formula predominantly based on a lactic raw material derived from whey, whose amino acid composition is similar to that of human milk, wherein casein in the form of a microfiltration retentate, acid casein or caseinate, fat and, where appropriate, minerals and trace elements are added to a protein composition, said protein composition being derived from whey and manufactured by subjecting an animal milk subjecting to microfiltration on a membrane of porosity 0.1 to 0.2 micron and the permeate is concentrated and demineralized by electrodialysis without the use of ion-exchange decationization, wherein the milk used has not been subjected to a heat treatment or has been subjected to a moderate heat treatment of pasteurization.
According to a second aspect, the invention provides a a protein :composition manufactured by a process according to the first aspect.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words 'comprise', 'comprising', and the like are to be 25 construed in an inclusive sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that •is to say, in the sense of"including, but not limited to".
In the context of the invention, a mammalian milk of bovine, ovine or caprine origin is preferably used. The milk may be whole milk or milk which has ••been skimmed to a greater or lesser degree, raw milk, bactofuged milk or 3 30 bactofiltered milk or milk pasteurized under mild conditions or reconstituted from oe powdered milk dried at low temperature.
o 3 The role of microfiltration with a membrane having controlled porosity is to quantitatively retain the casein micelle, without retaining the native whey proteins. Thus, it is important, for good operation of the process, for the milk used not to have been subjected to a heat treatment or to have been subjected to a moderate heat treatment of pasteurization.
The permeate obtained has an amino acid profile mainly characterized by a low threonine content, of the order of 5-5.5 g/100 g of proteins and a tryptophan content or 2 g/100 g of proteins.
It constitutes an ideal source of whey proteins compared to sweet cheese-making whey: its composition and its quality are constant and do not depend on the conditions for manufacturing cheese, it is practically free of bacteria, it is enriched in alpha-lactalbumin, it does not contain caseinomicropeptide, it is completely lipid-free, it has a phosphorus content which is lower than acid whey and which is comparable to sweet whey, and it has a lower calcium content than sweet whey and acid whey.
These advantages are crucial from the point of view of demineralization since the fat has an adverse effect on the efficiency of the electrodialysis and since it is difficult to reduce the content of calcium and particularly of phosphorus.
The examples below illustrate the invention. In these examples, the parts and percentages are by weight, unless otherwise stated.
Example 1 Skimmed milk is pasteurized at 720C for 15 s.
250 kg of pasteurized skimmed milk are heated to 500C in a plate exchanger and then treated on a Tech-Sep® iS 151 tangential microfiltration unit (St. Maurice de Beynost) equipped with a Tech-Sep M 14 membrane having 4 mean pore size of 0.14 micron and a total membrane surface area of 3.4 m 2 The milk is thus concentrated on the membrane at 50 0 C by a factor of 6.8x by volume, which leads to the production of 200 kg of permeate having a value of 6.2 degrees Brix and containing 9.2% of proteins/dry matter and to 37 kg of retentate having a value of 28.2 degrees Brix, that is to say 22% dry matter and containing 72.5% of proteins/dry matter which are spray-dried.
The permeate is recovered and it is concentrated by evaporation to a dry matter content of The concentrated permeate is demineralized on an Ionics® electrodialysis unit by 5 successive passes.
After these 5 passes, the conductivity drops from the starting value of 0.39 S/m (3.9 mS/cm) to 0.02 S/m (0.2 mS/cm) and the ash content is reduced from 7.4%/dry matter to 0.3%/dry matter. The residual concentration of minerals is indicated in Table 3 below (ED Permeate). The degree of demineralization, expressed as ash, is 95%. That for phosphorus is The dry matter content decreased from 25% (initial value) to 18.4%. The content of proteins/dry matter changed from 9.2% (initial value) to 8.4%.
The amino acid profile of the proteins of the permeate thus treated is indicated in Table 1 below and its approximate composition and its mineral composition are indicated in Table 2 below. By way of comparison, the corresponding values for acid whey from casein manufacture (obtained after chemical acidification or with the aid of lactic acid bacteria), for sweet whey from cheese-making and the amino acid profile for human milk (according to "The composition of mature human milk", Department of Health Social Security No. 12, London 1977, Her Majesty's Stationery Office) are also indicated therein.
The pH of the permeate after concentration by evaporation and electrodialysis is adjusted to 6.5 and 6.46 kg of microfiltration retentate (1.42 kg of dry matter or 1.03 kg of casein) are added to 100 kg of 5 permeate (18.4 kg of dry matter or 1.55 kg of serum proteins) so as to arrive at a mixture containing of total proteins in the form of serum proteins and of total proteins in the form of casein.
At the temperature of 60 0 C, 26 parts of fat (consisting of a mixture of various vegetable fats) are added to 74 parts of dry matter of the permeate/retentate mixture (whose content of total proteins/dry matter is with vigorous stirring, in order to obtain in the composition a content of total proteins/dry matter of 9.6%.
The liquid composition is then standardized in trace elements and in vitamins. The mixture is then homogenized at 60 0 C (in 2 stages 200 bar/50 bar), it is sterilized by UHT with direct injection of steam (148 0 C/4 and then it is concentrated by evaporation and it is spray-dried.
Example 2 Raw milk is skimmed with the aid of a continuous centrifugal separator at 45 0 C and then it is heated to 50 0 C in a plate exchanger and it is pumped across a Tetrapak® bactofugation unit (model MFS-7, equipped with Membralox membranes of 1.4 micron).
300 kg of skimmed milk thus purified are then heated in a jacketed tank at 55 0 C and it is pumped across the Tech-Sep microfiltration module as in Example 1, but this time with a reduction in volume by a factor of 3x.
At this level, diafiltration is carried out with 3 volumes of demineralized water. The total permeate has a dry matter content of 5.9% and the retentate has a dry matter content of 10.4%. The total content of proteins in the permeate is 10.4%/dry matter and the content of true proteins the difference representing the non-protein nitrogen (NPN).
The approximate composition as well as the mineral composition of the microfiltration permeate are indicated in Table 2 below and its amino acid profile is indicated in Table 1 below.
6 The microfiltration permeate is then concentrated to 30% dry matter by evaporation, and then the demineralization is carried out by electrodialysis of the preceding concentrated permeate as in Example 1.
The residual content of minerals in the permeate thus concentrated and demineralized is indicated in Table 3 below (ED Permeate).
Finally, an infant formula is prepared which comprises the preceding concentrate as in Example 1.
Example 3 kg of a skimmed milk powder is dispersed in deionized water and the volume of the dispersion is adjusted to 500 1, such that its dry matter content is The reconstituted skimmed milk is heated to 55 0
C
by means of a plate exchanger, it is deaerated and it is heated to 55 0 C by means of a plate exchanger, and then it is passed through a Tech-Sep® microfiltration unit as in Example 1 until a volume concentration factor of 5x is obtained. The total permeate has a dry matter content of a content of total proteins of matter and a content of true proteins of 5.7%.
The approximate composition as well as the mineral composition of the microfiltration permeate are indicated in Table 2 below and its amino acid profile is indicated in Table 1 below.
The microfiltration permeate is concentrated to of dry matter by evaporation and the concentrated permeate is demineralized by electrodialysis until the conductivity is or 0.02 S/m (0.2 mS/cm). The demineralized permeate has a pH of 4.4.
The pH is then reduced to 3.6 with the aid of an aqueous HC1 solution, and then the demineralized permeate is diafiltered with one volume of demineralized water and finally it is concentrated by ultrafiltration on DDS® GR 61 PP membranes (nominal cut-off of 20,000 dalton). The ultrafiltration retentate has a content of total proteins of 23%/dry matter and its residual mineral content is indicated in Table 3 below (ED Permeate with UF).
7 Finally, an infant formula is prepared whose weight ratio of seroproteins (obtained from the microfiltration permeate) and caseins (obtained from the microfiltration retentate) is about 60/40 in a manner similar to Example 1.
Table 1 Amino acid Exam- Example Example Acid Sweet Human residue ple 1 2 3 whey whey milk Aspartic 11.2 10.9 11 10.8 10.4 8.9 acid Threonine 5 5.2 5.2 5.4 7.1 4.6 Serine 4.4 4.8 4.8 4.4 4.9 4.3 Glutamic 17.2 17.4 17.3 16.2 17.6 17.9 acid Proline 4.6 5 5 4.9 5.9 9.6 Glycine 1.9 2 2 2.1 1.8 Alanine 4.6 4.5 4.6 4.9 4.7 4.1 Cystein 2.8 2.6 2.5 3 2.6 2 Valine 4.6 4.7 4.8 5.1 5.4 6.9 Methionine 2.3 2.4 2.2 2.4 2.6 Isoleucine 5.2 5 5 5 5.7 5.3 Leucine 12.1 11.8 11.8 11.8 10.3 9.7 Tyrosine 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.7 2.9 3 Phenyl- 3.7 3.8 3.8 3.7 3.2 3.8 alanine Lysine 9.9 9.4 9.6 9.6 8.8 7.2 Histidine 1.9 1.9 2 1.9 1.7 2.4 Arginine 2.5 2.6 2.6 3 2.6 3.8 Tryptophan 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 1.8 2.3 In Tables 2 and 3 below, the analytical values were obtained by the following methods: content of crude proteins: calculated from the measurements, by the Kjeldahl method, of the total nitrogen (TN) x 6.38, content of true proteins, calculated from the measurements, by the Kjeldahl method, of the total 8 nitrogne (TN) and of the non-protein nitrogen (NPN), that is to say as (TN-NPN) x 6.38, ash: determined by calcination at 550 0
C,
content of cations (Ca Mg" Na K): measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), content of phosphorus: measured by colorimetry, content of Cl-: measured by potentiometry with a silver electrode.
Table 2 Component Permeate Permeate Permeate Acid Sweet Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 whey whey g/100 g
DM:
Protein 9.2 10.4 9.5 10.8 12 Lactose 81 79 81.5 71 78.8 Fat 0 0 0 1.4 1 Ash 7.4 7.7 6.9 12.3 8.2 True 6.2 7 5.7 6.5 9 protein mg/100 g
DM
Calcium 312 441 472 1800- 500 2000 Magnesium 80 112 116 161 160 Sodium 632 611 624 1063 780 Potassium 2660 2248 2430 1844 2500 Phosphorus 544 562 582 1100 850 In Table 3 below, the values relating to a concentrate of sweet whey demineralized by electrodialysis, and then ion-exchange by passing over a strong cationic resin, and then over a weak anionic resin are indicated by way of comparison (Demineralized sweet whey).
Table 3 Component ED ED ED De- Permeate Permeate Permeate mineralized Example 1. Example 2 with UF sweet whey g/100 g DM: Protein 8.4 8.9 23.2 12.5 (Nx6.38) Lactose 85 85 70 86.2 Fat <1 <1 1 0.8 Ash 0.2 0.7 0.9 rng/100 g DM Calciumn <10 52 44 magnesium <10 26 31 Potassium <10 26 <10 Sodium <10 16 <10 Phosphorus 112 145 175 100 Chloride 30 <10 <10 9
Claims (9)
1. Process for the manufacture of an infant formula predominantly based on a lactic raw material derived from whey, whose amino acid composition is similar to that of human milk, wherein casein in the form of a microfiltration retentate, acid casein or caseinate, fat and, where appropriate, minerals and trace elements are added to a protein composition, said protein composition being derived from whey and manufactured by subjecting an animal milk subjecting to microfiltration on a membrane of porosity 0.1 to 0.2 micron and the permeate is concentrated and demineralized by electrodialysis without the use of ion-exchange decationization, wherein the milk used has not been subjected to a heat treatment or has been subjected to a moderate heat treatment of pasteurization.
2. Process according to Claim 1, wherein the milk is microfiltered until a concentration factor of 3 to 7 by volume is obtained without or with diafiltration
3. Process according to Claim 1, wherein the microfiltration permeate is concentrated by ultrafiltration in order to reduce the lactose content thereof.
4. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the mixture of the various constituents is concentrated and is spray-dried.
Process according to Claim 4, wherein the mixture is concentrated by evaporation.
6. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the proportions of whey proteins/casein are 60-70%/40-30% by weight.
7. Process according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the infant formula contains about 5.5% of threonine and at least 2% of tryptophan relative to 25 the weight of proteins.
8. Infant formula manufactured by a process according to any one of claims 1 to 7. -11-
9. Process for the manufacture of an infant formula, substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying examples. DATED this 9 th day of January 2004 BALDWIN SHELSTON WATERS Attorneys for: SOCIETE DES PRODUITS NESTLE S.A.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP98203960 | 1998-11-24 | ||
| EP98203960 | 1998-11-24 | ||
| PCT/EP1999/009050 WO2000030461A1 (en) | 1998-11-24 | 1999-11-17 | Method for preparing a protein composition and an infant formula containing same |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU1556600A AU1556600A (en) | 2000-06-13 |
| AU771034B2 true AU771034B2 (en) | 2004-03-11 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU15566/00A Expired AU771034B2 (en) | 1998-11-24 | 1999-11-17 | Method for preparing a protein composition and an infant formula containing same |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP1133238B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE271783T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU771034B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9915573B1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69919019T2 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1133238T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2226466T3 (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ511562A (en) |
| PT (1) | PT1133238E (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2000030461A1 (en) |
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| WO2018028765A1 (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2018-02-15 | Compagnie Gervais Danone | Process for producing infant formula products and dairy products |
| EP3542634B1 (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2021-06-30 | DMK Deutsches Milchkontor GmbH | Milk protein concentrates with reduced ash content |
| EP3893654B1 (en) | 2019-09-12 | 2023-08-02 | Hipp & Co | Processes for the manufacture of perchlorate depleted milk |
| WO2022194984A1 (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2022-09-22 | Hipp & Co | Processes for the manufacture of perchlorate depleted milk products |
| WO2023094398A1 (en) | 2021-11-23 | 2023-06-01 | Frieslandcampina Nederland B.V. | Infant formula containing serum protein concentrate |
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| US5503865A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1996-04-02 | Nestec S.A. | Processes for the preparation of concentrated milk products |
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| AU5557994A (en) * | 1992-12-11 | 1994-07-04 | Immunotec Research Corporation Ltd. | Process for producing an undernatured whey protein concentrate |
| DE4344342C2 (en) * | 1993-12-23 | 1996-08-08 | Milupa Ag | Whey protein dominant infant formula |
| HUT77043A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1998-03-02 | New Zealand Dairy Board | Physical separation of casein and whey proteins |
| SE506854C2 (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-02-16 | Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance | Ways of producing aseptic consumption milk |
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- 1999-11-17 BR BRPI9915573-7A patent/BR9915573B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-11-17 AU AU15566/00A patent/AU771034B2/en not_active Expired
- 1999-11-17 AT AT99958115T patent/ATE271783T1/en active
- 1999-11-17 EP EP99958115A patent/EP1133238B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 DK DK99958115T patent/DK1133238T3/en active
- 1999-11-17 DE DE69919019T patent/DE69919019T2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 ES ES99958115T patent/ES2226466T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-11-17 WO PCT/EP1999/009050 patent/WO2000030461A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-11-17 NZ NZ511562A patent/NZ511562A/en unknown
- 1999-11-17 PT PT99958115T patent/PT1133238E/en unknown
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4497836A (en) * | 1982-08-06 | 1985-02-05 | Dairy Technology Ltd. | Modified whey product and process including ultrafiltration and demineralization |
| US5503865A (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1996-04-02 | Nestec S.A. | Processes for the preparation of concentrated milk products |
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1809117A1 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2007-07-25 | Murray Goulburn Co-Operative Co Limited | Improved milk powder and method of manufacture |
| EP1809117A4 (en) * | 2004-10-15 | 2009-09-23 | Murray Goulburn Coop Co Ltd | Improved milk powder and method of manufacture |
| US10993454B2 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2021-05-04 | Valio Ltd. | Milk-based product and a method for its preparation |
| CN105263341A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2016-01-20 | N·V·努特里奇亚 | Process and system for preparing dry milk formulae |
| CN105263341B (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2018-04-17 | N·V·努特里奇亚 | Prepare the method and system of formula milk |
| RU2732833C2 (en) * | 2013-09-19 | 2020-09-23 | Н.В. Нютрисиа | Method for humanisation of skimmed milk of animals |
| US11596167B2 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2023-03-07 | N.V. Nutricia | Formulas comprising optimised amino acid profiles |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ511562A (en) | 2003-10-31 |
| BR9915573B1 (en) | 2010-11-30 |
| DE69919019T2 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
| BR9915573A (en) | 2001-08-14 |
| EP1133238A1 (en) | 2001-09-19 |
| PT1133238E (en) | 2004-09-30 |
| DK1133238T3 (en) | 2004-10-25 |
| EP1133238B1 (en) | 2004-07-28 |
| DE69919019D1 (en) | 2004-09-02 |
| ES2226466T3 (en) | 2005-03-16 |
| AU1556600A (en) | 2000-06-13 |
| ATE271783T1 (en) | 2004-08-15 |
| WO2000030461A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |