AU726860B2

AU726860B2 - A device for use with a retrievable bridge plug

Info

Publication number: AU726860B2
Application number: AU57822/98A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Frode Andersen; Dag Ravn Pedersen
Original assignee: Bronnteknologiutvikling AS; Maritime Well Service AS
Current assignee: Bronnteknologiutvikling AS
Priority date: 1997-02-06
Filing date: 1998-01-13
Publication date: 2000-11-23
Anticipated expiration: 2018-01-13
Also published as: EP0960262B1; BR9807558A; WO1998035130A1; NO970561L; NO970561D0; CA2279374A1; AU5782298A; NO304615B1; EP0960262A1

Description

1 A DEVICE FOR USE WITH A RETRIEVABLE BRIDGE PLUG The present invention concerns generally retrievable bridge plugs, but more specifically a drawable mechanical barrier having a packer element, according to the introductory part of patent claim I.

Among other things, bridge plugs are used for oil- and gas wells. Such bridge plugs have a packer element which seals against fluid and pressure. The packer element is comprised mainly of an elastic rubber body sealing against the pressure, and mechanical barriers preventing extrusion of the rubber at pressure load. In oil and gas wells the bridge plug will, in many cases, have to pass restrictions such as, for example, valves and nipples, for S 15 subsequent location in a larger diameter. Known retrievable bridge plugs have a limited degree of expansion at a high •."pressure and a high temperature. The limitation in the degree of expansion is mainly caused by the construction of the drawable mechanical barrier.

20 It is thus an object of the present invention to provide a drawable mechanical barrier, which stabilizes and prevents extrusion of the packer elements at high pressure/temperature and has a large degree of expansion.

According to the present invention there is 25 provided a device for use with a retrievable bridge plug comprising a through axle, with an external upper packer bracket that is connected with an upper packer element, and with an external lower packer bracket that is connected with a lower packer element, characterized in that the upper packer element is connected through an upper clamping section to an upper link, said upper link being rotatably connected with the upper clamping section by a first pin, the upper link is rotatably connected to a lower link by a second pin to form a link pair, and the lower link is rotatably connected to a lower J clamping section by a third pin, so that an angle is formed H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98.1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 2 between the longitudinal axis of the bridge plug and a line extending through the first pin and the second pin, and correspondingly through the second pin and the third pin which is greater than zero when the upper link and the lower link are drawn, whereas the upper link and the lower link are arranged for, at setting, to expand radially by compression of the upper packer bracket against the lower packer bracket, for forming a mechanical barrier for the upper packer element and the lower packer element.

According to a preferred aspect of the invention, a mechanical barrier is developed, which through an axial movement is expanded and then drawn through an opposite movement.

In some oil and gas wells it is desirable that 15 the bridge plug changes pressure direction from one side to the other side. In this case, two packer elements are •installed, having a mechanical barrier inbetween. When the packer elements are expanded, the rubber will be forced out 2 radially along the mechanical barrier, and up against the casing. In expanded position, the mechanical barrier has a wedge shape up against the casing. By applying pressure, oooo the packer element will creep into the radial wedge shape, and seal. This wedge shape also has a positive effect to :i the sealing property of the packer element at increasing 25 pressure load. If the bridge plug should seal against differential pressure from one side, a mechanical barrier with a packer element is installed at the pressure side.

Upon expansion of two packer elements with a mechanical barrier inbetween, a fluid volume will form between the packer elements. When one of the packer elements is pressurized, it will move and cause a pressure build-up on the enclosed volume. This pressure build-up will again cause a movement of the packer element at the non-pressure side. This involves an extra strain on the packer element at the non-pressure side, and is unfortunate, however. This is solved in a preferred S embodiment of the invention by draining unwanted fluid i H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98 1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 H:\Suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98 .1 SPECI.doc 11/09100 3 volume causing pressure build-up. Drainage is preferably performed by way of U-shaped packers installed in a packer bracket at the non-pressure side. These U-shaped packers act as check valves, and are described below.

When setting the bridge plug in horizontal oil and gas wells, the mechanical barrier positions the mechanical bridge plug in the centre, and thus avoids the extra strain on the packer element from the bridge plug's own weight.

When drawing the bridge plug from the well, the mechanical barrier according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention has a construction whereby it is possible to be actively drawn when running into restrictions. This is performed when the mechanical barrier 15 is subjected to tension, which then leads to the link pairs rotating around their belonging bolts, thus forcing them .against the centre of the bridge plug.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical barrier has a construction making it functionally reliable during the aggregation of sand above the bridge plug. The mechanical ooobarrier being situated between two packer elements is *see advantageous in this respect.

oooo In the following, the invention will be explained 25 further by means of examples of embodiments and with coo• reference to the accompanying drawings, where S Fig. 1 shows a sketch of a retrievable bridge plug with packer elements having a mechanical barrier according to present invention, Fig. 2 shows a partly sectioned view of packer elements with a mechanical barrier according to present invention, in drawn (not expanded) condition, Fig. 3 shows packer elements with the mechanical barrier in Fig. 2 in expanded condition, Fig. 3a shows a detail of the packer element in Fig. 3, Fig. 4 shows a section of the mechanical barrier H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98.1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 4 in Fig. 3, viewed along the line X-X, and Fig. 5 shows a perspective view of a link pair located by the mechanical barrier in Fig. 3.

Fig. 1 shows a sketch of a retrievable bridge plug, generally denoted 30, set in a casing 31 in a horizontal well. The bridge plug 30 comprises an anchoring part 32 and a mechanical barrier 1 with packer elements, which are expanded against the casing 31.

Fig. 2 illustrates a device according to the present invention, in the form of a mechanical barrier 1 having two packer elements 3, 11 which are arranged at the bridge plug (not shown in Fig. in order to be inserted in, and expanded in the casing (not shown in Fig. The 15 device includes a through axle 15 with an external upper packer bracket 2, connecting the upper end (not shown) with e. upper packer element 3. The upper packer element 3 is connected through an upper clamping section 4 via first pin to an upper link 6. The upper link 6 is rotatably 20 connected with lower link 8 by a second pin 7. The lower link 8 is connected to a lower clamping section 10 by a eeoc third pin 9. Lower clamping section 10 is connected with oo :the lower packer element 11 that is then connected with the ooeo lower end of the bridge plug, through a lower packer clamp 25 12. Within upper clamping section 4 is connected a thin, flexible pipe 18, which forms an expandable cover over the rotatable link pairs 6 and 8, and is the connected to lower clamping section In Fig. 2, the device according to the present invention is shown with the mechanical barrier 1 and the packer elements 3, 11 in drawn (not expanded) condition. An angle a is formed through the longitudinal axis of the bridge plug and a line extending between first pin 5 and second pin 7. The angle a is larger then zero, and preferably less then 450 when the mechanical barrier is in this drawn condition.

In Fig. 3, the device is shown in expanded H:\suzannet\Keep\peci\57822 98.1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 position, where upper packer bracket 2 is forced against lower packer bracket 12 with the result that upper packer element 3 is compressed and expanded radially. The axial force propagates further down to the upper link 6 that due to the angle of departure a (Fig. 2) will rotate around the pin 5 and tip out radially. This will cause the split pipe 18 to bend outwards and be formed around the periphery of the link pairs 6 and 8. When upper link 6 and lower link 8 are compressed, the lower clamping section 10 will compress the packer element 11 which then will expand radially.

An upper U-shaped packer 13 is installed in the upper clamping section 2 and a lower U-shaped packer 14 is installed in the lower clamping section 12. Upper U-shaped packer 13 has the function of sealing when the S. 15 packer element 3 is pressurized, and to drain an enclosed volume C when the packer element 3 is pressurized. Lower Ueshaped packer 14 is shown in detail in Fig. 3a.

•Fig. 4 shows a section view of the mechanical 2 °barrier 1 in expanded condition. The pipe 18 is split in a number corresponding to the number of rotatable link pairs 6 and 8. The pipe 18 is oriented in relation to link pairs 6 and 8, so that each axial split of the pipe 18 is situated above the middle of each link pair 6 and 8. In •coo expanded condition, the split pipe 18 is supported by the 25 link pairs 6, 8, so that the mechanical barrier in expanded .condition forms a completely sealed barrier.

Fig. 5 shows a link pair comprising rotatable link 6 and rotatable link 8. The link pair 6, 8 is shown in expanded condition, and without belonging pins. Each of the links 6, 8 is comprised an arm section 19a, 19b with belonging holes 20a, 20b for first and third pin 5 and 9, respectively. The arm sections 19a, 19b are rigidly connected to head section 21a, 21b. The head sections 21a, 21b are at their upper end, formed so that the links 6, 8 can engage each other, as the second pin (not shown) is brought through hole 25 at the upper end. The head sections 21a, 21b have profiled support surfaces 22a, 22b that are Ht\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98.1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 6 rounded in the axial direction of mechanical barrier 1. The support surfaces 22a, 22b recede into inclined covering surfaces 23, which again recede into inclined end surfaces 24a, 24b.

The links 6, 8 are constructed so that they, in expanded condition, shall form as large an external supporting surface as possible, in order to give the best possible support for the split pipe 18. Thus, the links 6, 8 and the split pipe 18 form a complete barrier against the packer elements 3, 11. The optimum width of the link pairs 6, 8 is the length of the cord belonging to the arc calculated from the circumference of unexpanded bridge plug divided by the number of link pairs 6, 8. Where the width is the distance between the two external limitations of the links 6, 8, consisting of the points where the inclined cover surface 23 recedes to inclined end surfaces 24a, 24b.

The desired expansion height of a link pair 6, 8, corresponding to the radial distance between the unexpanded bridge plug 30 and the inner wall of the casing 31, 20 determines the height of the head sections 21a, 21b.

The links 6, 8 are constructed for achieve a large mechanical strength, so that they can bear the influence from the pressure forces that can occur. In order to achieve an optimum combination of mechanical strength and size of the supporting surface, the end surfaces 24a, P. 24b are shaped with an inclination as described above.

o H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822- 98 .1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 I k~ r N

Claims

1. Device for use with a retrievable bridge plug comprising a through axle, with an external upper packer bracket that is connected with an upper packer element, and with an external lower packer bracket that is connected with a lower packer element, characterized in that the upper packer element is connected through an upper clamping section to an upper link, said upper link being rotatably connected with the upper clamping section by a first pin, the upper link is rotatably connected to a lower link by a second pin to form a link pair, and the lower link is rotatably connected to a lower 15 clamping section by a third pin, so that an angle is formed •between the longitudinal axis of the bridge plug and a line extending through the first pin and the second pin, and correspondingly through the second pin and the third pin which is greater than zero when the upper link and the •20 lower link are drawn, whereas the upper link and the lower link are arranged for, at setting, to expand radially by •oo: compression of the upper packer bracket against the lower packer bracket, for forming a mechanical barrier for the upper packer element and the lower packer element. *4*

2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the upper link and the lower link are covered by a flexible split pipe, that in expanded condition together with the link pair forms a mechanical barrier that forms a sealed wall between a casing and the bridge plug.

3. Device according to either of claims 1 or 2, characterized by a plurality of link pairs, preferably two, three, four, five or six, being arranged around the circumference of axle.

4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98.1 SPECI.doc 11/09/00 8 characterized in that an upper U-shaped packer is installed in the upper clamping section and a lower U-shaped packer is installed in the lower clamping section, wherein the upper U-shaped packer is arranged for sealing when the upper packer element is pressurized, and draining an enclosed volume at the link pair when the lower packer element is pressurized, and the lower U-shaped packer is arranged for sealing when the upper packer element is pressurized, and draining a volume when the upper packer element is pressurized. Device for use with a retrievable bridge plug substantially as herein described with reference to the accompanying Figures. Dated this 11th day of September 2000 BRONNTEKNOLOGIUTVIKLING AS and MARITIME WELL SERVICE A/S By their Patent Attorneys 20 GRIFFITH HACK Fellows Institute of Patent and Trade Mark Attorneys of Australia e** 9" 9 9 9 9 9 9* 9 •Do *o go I C, ILL H:\suzannet\Keep\Speci\57822-98.1 SPECIdoc 11N'9/00