AU707855B2 - Methods of using hesperetin for sebum control and treatment of acne - Google Patents

Description

METHODS OF USING HESPERETIN FOR SEBUM CONTROL AND TREATMENT OF ACNE TEHNICAL FELD The present invention relates to the field of sebum control and treatment of acne in mammalian skin and scalp. Specifically, the invention relates to methods for sebum control and treatment of acne, and related pilosebaceous disorders, in human skin and scalp.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 15 The pilosebaceous gland is a principal source of oil on mammalian skin and scalp.

Therefore, a benefit of controlling sebaceous gland activity (sebum secretion) includes a reduction in the level of oil found in skin and hair.

Sebum secretion is also related to acne. Acne is a pilosebaceous disease characterized by comedo, papules, inflamed nodules and superficial pus-filled cysts. The 20 course and severity of acne is determined by the interaction between hormones, keratinization, sebum formation and bacteria. Acne usually begins at puberty, when the pilosebaceous glands increase in size and sebum synthetic activity is elevated due to increased circulating levels of androgens. Follicular hyperkeratosis can also occur, causing restriction of pilosebaceous follicles and, consequently, comedo or plug S. 25 formation. The comedo contains sebum, protein debris, and anaerobic microorganisms Sincluding proniom'bacterium conhacterium) n acnes an thrive on the sebum and generates inflammatory free fatty acids (FFA). The FFA cause irritation in the folicular wal and can lead to rupture of the follicular wall, inducing an inflamed lesion. In severe cases, this lesion will heal with scarring.

Existing treatments for acne include from general topical application of lotions and salves to affected skin areas, to localized (spot) topical treatment. Products used for such treatments include benzoyl peroxide, sulfur resorcinol, salicylic acid and transretinoic acid. The therapeutic value is limited because of poor efficacy, poor aesthetics, and lack of effect on sebum production.

Other effective therapies for acne which reduce sebum production, include the use of antiandrogens, and cis-retinoic acid. However, because of undesirable systemic side effects, such as teratogenecity, pituitary dysfunction, and male sterility, current use is restricted to the more severe cases of acne. Antimicrobials are also somewhat effective in treating acne because they control the growth of P. acnes. The effectiveness of antimicrobials is limited because they do not affect sebum production.

It is an object of the subject invention to provide methods for the treatment of acne in mammalian skin.

It is also an object of the subject invention to provide methods for the treatment of acne in mammalian skin which reduce sebum and do not have the undesirable systemic side effects associated with antiandrogens, or retinoids.

It is a further object of this invention to provide methods for reducing oily skin and oily scalp or hair by controlling sebum production.

It is an even further object of the subject invention to provide methods for the treatment of acne in mammalian skin which control P. acnes growth.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The subject invention involves a method of treating acne in the skin of a mammal susceptible to or having acne, comprising application of a composition comprising a safe and effective amount of hesperetin, which has the structure:

OH

OCH

3

O

HO

OH

1 or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof. The subject invention also involves the 20 treatment of oily conditions found in mammalian skin and scalp due to increased sebum S. production.

DETAITED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION It has been found in the subject invention that compositions containing hesperetin reduce sebum production, preferentially partition into the sebaceous gland to promote sebum suppression activity, control P. acnes growth and activity, have anti-inflammatory activity, and lack the undesirable systemic side effects associated with antiandrogens.

Furthermore, hesperetin survives proteolytic activity in the gut and stomach and can therefore be effectively delivered in an oral dose form, in addition to being effective in a topical dose form. Thus, hesperetin is a suitable active for both sebum control and for acne treatment.

As used.herein, "topical application" means directly laying on or spreading on outer skin.

As used herein, "pharmaceutically-acceptable" means that salts, drugs, medicaments or inert ingredients which the term describes are suitable for use in contact with the tissues of humans and lower animals to which they will be exposed without undue toxicity, incompatibility, instability, irritation, allergic response, and the like, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

As used herein, "safe and effective amount" means an amount of compound or composition sufficient to significantly induce a positive modification in the condition to be treated, but low enough to avoid serious side effects (at a reasonable benefit/risk ratio), within the scope of sound medical judgment. The safe and effective amount of the compound or composition will vary with the particular condition being treated, the age and physical condition of the patient being treated, the severity of the condition, the duration of the treatment, the nature of concurrent therapy, the specific compound or composition employed, the particular pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier utilised, and like factors within the knowledge and expertise of the attending physician.

.As used herein "treating sebaceous gland activity" means preventing, retarding and/or arresting the production of sebum.

As used herein "treating acne" means preventing, retarding and/or 20 arresting the process of acne formation.

As used herein, "acne treatment agent" means an active capable of preventing, retarding and/or arresting the process of acne formation.

As used herein, the terms "comprise", "comprising", "comprises" and S"comprised" are to be taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, components or groups thereof.

AceA ga~t The subject invention involves a method for treating acne in mnammalian sin by topically applying to the sin a safe and effective amount of hesperetin, which has the Stnzctare:

OH

OCH

3 HO VIID OH0 or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof. The subject invention also involves the use of hesperetin in controlling sebum production, thereby reducing the level of oil found in manunalian skin and scalp.

Preferred pharnuccutically-acceptable salts of hesperetin include alkali metal salts, such as sodium and potassium; alkaline earth metal salts, such is calcium and 4,.

4, 4, 4, 4,S4, S 4, .4, 4' r1, I ni iesium; non-toxic heavy metal salts; ammonium salts; and trialkylammonium salts, such as trimethylammonium and triethylammonium.

The methods of the subject invention involve oral or topical application of a composition to mammalian skin and scalp, the composition comprising hesperetin as an active agent for treatment of acne or oily skin and scalp, and a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier.

Pharmaceutically-Acceptable Carrier In addition to the active agent as described hereinbefore, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention essentially comprise a pharmaceuticallyacceptable carrier. The term "pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier", as used herein, means one or more compatible solid or liquid filler diluents or encapsulating substances which are suitable for administration to a human or lower animal. The term "compatible", as used herein, means that the components of the pharmaceutical compositions are capable of being comingled with the compound of the present invention, and with each other, in a manner such that there is no interaction which would substantially reduce the pharmaceutical efficacy of the pharmaceutical composition under ordinary use situations. Pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers must, of course, be of sufficiently high purity and sufficiently low toxicity to render them suitable for administration to the human or lower animal being treated.

20 Some examples of substances which can serve as pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers are sugars such as lactose, glucose and sucrose; starches such as corn starch and potato starch; cellulose and its derivatives, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, ethylcellulose, cellulose acetate; powdered tragacanth; malt; gelatin; talc; stearic aid; magnesium stearate; calcium sulfate; vegetable oils such as peanut oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, olive oil, corn oil and oil of theobnma; polyols such as propylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, mannitol, and polyethylene glycol; sugar, alginic acid; pyrogen-free water, isotonic saline; phosphate buffer solutions; cocoa butter (suppository base); emulsifiers, such as the Tweens®; as well as other non-toxic compatible substances used in pharmaceutical formulation. Wetting agents and lubricants such as sodium lauryl sulfate, as well as coloring agents, flavoring agents, excipients, tableting agents, stabilizers, antioxidants, and preservatives, can also be present. Other compatible pharmaceutical additives and actives NSAID drugs; pain killers; muscle relaxants) may be included in the pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier for use in the compositions of the present invention. For example, art-known local anesthetics may be included in the pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier benzoyl alcohol; Novacaine®; lidocaine).

The choice of pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier to be used in conjunction with the compounds of the present invention is basically determined by the way the compound is to be administered. The preferred modes of administering the compounds of the present invention are orally and topically. Suitable pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers for topical application include those suited for use in creams, gels, solutions, lotions and the like. Carriers for oral administration include those suited for tablets and capsules.

The pharmaceutically-acceptable carrier employed in conjunction with the compounds of the present invention is used at a concentration sufficient to provide a practical size to dosage relationship. The pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers, in total, preferably comprise from about 60% to about 99.99999% by weight of the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention, more preferably from about to about 99.99%/ more preferably from about 90% to about 99.95%, even more to preferably still from about 95% to about 99.9%, also preferably from about 98% to about Representative compositions of the subject invention are provided in the Examples hereinafter.

Pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers suitable for the preparation of unit dosage forms for oral administration and topical application are well-known in the art. Their 15 selection will depend on secondary considerations like taste, cost, and/or shelf stability, which are not critical for the purposes of the subject invention, and can be made without difficulty by a person skilled in the art. Pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers useful in the compositions of the subject invention are described more fully hereinafter.

A. Oral Dose Forms: 20 Various oral dosage forms can be used, including such solid forms as tablets, capsules, granules, bulk powders and microcapsules of the drug. These oral forms comprise a safe and effective amount, usually at least about and preferably from about 25% to about 50% of the compound of the subject invention. Tablets can be compressed, enteric-coated, sugar-coated or film-coated containing suitable binders, lubricants, surfactants, diluents, disintegrating agents, coloring agents, flavoring agents, preservatives, flow-inducing agents, and melting agents. Liquid oral dosage forms include aqueous and nonaqueous solutions, emulsions, suspensions, solutions and/or suspension reconstituted from non-effervescent granules, containing suitable solvents, preservatives, emulsifying agents, suspending agents, diluents, sweeteners, melting agents, coloring.agents, and flavoring agents. Preferred carriers for oral administration include gelatin and propylene glycol. Specific examples of pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers and excipients that may be used in formulating oral dosage forms containing compounds of the subject invention are described in U.S. Patent 3,903,297, Robert, issued September 2, 1975, incorporated by reference herein. Techniques and compositions for making solid oral dosage forms are described in Marshall, "Solid Oral Dosage Forms," Modem Pharmaceutics. Vol. 7. (Banker and Rhodes, editors), 359-427 (1979), incorporated herein by reference. Techniques and compositions for making tablets (compressed, formulas and molded), capsules (hard and soft gelatin) and pills are 6 Ascribed in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences (Arthur Osol, editor), 1553-1593 (1980), incorporated herein by reference.

The preferred unit dosage form for oral administration is tablets, capsules and the like, comprising a safe and effective amount of a compound of the subject invention.

Preferably oral dose forms comprise from about .10 mg to about 3500 mg of a compound of the subject invention per dosage unit, more preferably from about 25 mg to about 1000 mg, and most preferably from about 50 mg to about 600 mg.

Topical Dose Forms The compositions of the subject invention can also be administered topically to a to biological subject, by the direct laying on or spreading of the composition on the skin of the subject.The topical compositions useful in the subject invention involve compositions suitable for topical application to mammalian skin, the composition comprising a safe and effective amount of the active hesperetin agent or mixture of such actives as described hereinafter, and a pharmaceutically-acceptable topical carrier. The 15 subject compositions contain from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.05% to about 15%, more preferably from about 0.2% to about 10%, also preferably from about 1% to about 5% of the active agent.

The topical compositions useful in the subject invention may be made into a wide variety of product types. These include, but are not limited to lotions, creams, gels, sticks, sprays, ointments, pastes, mousses and cosmetics. These product types may comprise several types of carrier systems including, but not limited to solutions, emulsions, gels, solids, and liposomes.

The topical compositions useful in the subject invention formulated as solutions typically include a pharmaceutically-acceptable aqueous or organic solvent. The terms 25 "pharmaceutically-acceptable organic solvent" refer to a solvent which is capable of having hesperetin dispersed or dissolved therein, and of possessing acceptable safety properties irritation and sensitization characteristics). Water is a preferred solvent.

Examples of suitable organic solvents include: propylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (200-600), polypropylene glycol (425-2025), glycerol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, sorbitol esters, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanetriol, sorbitol esters, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, ethanol, isopropanol, butanediol, and mixtures thereof These solutions useful in the subject invention preferably contain hesperetin from about 0.01% to about 15%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, and preferably from about 80%/ to about 99.99%, more preferably from about 90%/ to about 99%/ of an acceptable aqueous or organic solvent.

If the topical compositions useful in the subject invention are formulated as an aerosol and applied to the skin as a spray-on, a propellant is added to a solution composition. Examples of propellants is added to a solution composition. Examples of propellants useful herein include, but are not limited to, the chlorinated, fluorinated an chlro-fluorinated lower molecular weight hydrocarbons. A more complete disclosure of propellants useful herein can be found in Sagarin, Cosmetics Science and Technology 2nd Edition, Vol. 2, pp. 443-465 (1972) Topical compositions useful in the subject invention may be formulated as a solution comprising an emollient. Such compositions preferably contain from about 0.05% to about 5% of hesperctin and from about 2% to about 50%/ of a topical pharmaceutically-acceptable emollient. Such compositions preferably comprise a lipid soluble salt ofhesperetin, such as a calcium salt.

As used herein, "emollients" refer to materials used for the prevention or relief of 0o dryness, as well as for the protection of the skin. A wide variety of suitable emollients are known and may be used herein. Sagarin, Cosmetics. Science and Technology. 2nd Edition, Vol. 1, pp. 32-43 (1972), incorporated herein by reference, contains numerous examples of suitable materials.

A lotion can be made from a solution carrier system. Lotions typically comprise 15 from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 100%, of hesperetin; from about 1% to about 20%, preferably from about 5% to about 10%, of an emollient; and from about 50% to about preferably from about 60% to about 80%, water.

Another type of product that may be formulated from a solution carrier system is a cream. A cream typically comprises from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from S* .about 0.1% to about 100/%, ofhesperetin; from about 5% to about 50%, preferably from about 10% to about 20%, of an emollient, and from about 45% to about preferably from about 50% to about 75%, water.

Yet another type of product that may be formulated from a solution carrier 25 system is an ointment. An ointment may comprise a simple base of animal or vegetable oils or semi-solid hydrocarbons (oleaginous). Ointments may also comprise absorption ointment bases which absorb water to form emulsions. Ointment carriers may also be water soluble. An ointment may comprise from about 0.05% to about 10% of hesperetin, from about 2% to about 10% of an emollient plus from about 0.1% to about 2% of a thickening agent. A more complete disclosure of thickening agents useful herein can be found in Sagarin, Cosmetics. Science and Technology 2nd Edition, Vol.

1, pp. 72-73 (1972).

If the carrier is formulated as an emulsion, preferably from about 1% to about more preferably from about 2% to about of the carrier system comprises an emulsifier. Emulsifiers may be nonionic, anionic or cationic. Suitable emulsifiers are disclosed in, for example, U.S. Patent 3,755,560, issued August 28, 1973, Dickert et U.S. Patent 4,421,769, issued December 20, 1983, Dixon et al.; and McCutcheon's Detergents and Emulsifiers. North American Edition, pages 317-324 (1986); the Sditieldsures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Preferred emulsifiers are anionic or nonionic, although the other types may also be used.

Lotions and creams can be formulated as emulsions as well as solutions.

Typically such lotions comprise from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, of hesperetin; from about 1% to about 20%, preferably from about to about 10%, also preferably from about 0.5% to about of an emulsifier. Such creams would typically comprise from about 0.01% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, ofhesperetin; from about 1% to about 20%, preferably from about 5% to about of an emollient; from about 20% to about 80%, preferably from about 300/ to about 70%, of water, and from about 1% to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about of an emulsifier.

Single emulsion skin care preparations, such as lotions and creams, of the oil-in-water type and water-in-oil type are well-known in the cosmetic art and are useful in the subject invention. Multiphase emulsion compositions, such as the water- -in-oil-in-water type, as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,254,105, Fakuda et al., issued March 3, 1981, incorporated herein by reference, are also useful in the subject invention.

In general, such single or multiphase emulsions contain water, emollients and emulsifiers as essential ingredients.

Triple emulsion carrier systems comprising an oil-in-water-in-silicone fluid 20 emulsion composition as disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,960,764, Figueroa, issued October 2, 1990, are also useful in the subject invention. This triple emulsion carrier system is preferably combined with from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably combined from about 0.1% to about 10%, of hesperetin to yield a topical composition useful in the subject invention.

Another emulsion carrier system useful in the topical compositions is a micro-emulsion carrier system. Such a system comprises from about 9% to about squalane; from about 25% to about 40% silicone oil; from about 8% to about 20% of a fatty alcohol; from about 15% to about 30% of polyoxyethylene sorbitan mono-fatty acid (commercially available under the trade name Tweens) or other nonionics; and from about 7% to about 20% water. This carrier system is preferably combined with from about 0:1% to about 10% ofhesperetin.

Liposomal formulations are also useful compositions of the subject invention.

Such compositions can be prepared by first combining hesperetin with a phospholipid, such as dipalmitoylphosphatidyl choline, cholesterol and water according to the method described in Mezei Gulasekharam, "Liposomes A Selective Drug Delivery System for the Topical Route of Administration; Gel Dosage Form", Journal of Pharmaceutics and Pharmacology. Vol. 34 (1982), pp. 473-474, incorporated herein by reference, or a modification thereof. Epidermal lipids of suitable composition for forming liposomes may be substituted for the phospholipid. The liposome preparation is then incorporated 9 into one of the above topical carrier systems (for example, a gel or an oil-in-water emulsion) in order to produce the liposomal formulation. The final formulation preferably contains from about 0.1% to about 200/, more preferably from about 0.1% to about of hesperetin. Other compositions and pharmaceutical uses of topically s applied liposomes are described in Mezei, "Liposomes as a Skin Drug Delivery System", Topics in Pharmaceutical Sciences Breimer and P. Speiser, eds.,), Elsevier Science Publishers New York, NY, 1985, pp. 345-358, incorporated herein by reference.

If the topical compositions useful in the subject invention are formulated as a gel 1o or a cosmetic stick, such compositions can be formulated by the addition of a suitable amount of a thickening agent, as disclosed sup to a cream or lotion formulation.

The topical compositions useful in the subject invention may contain, in addition to the aforementioned components, a wide variety of additional oil-soluble materials and/or water-soluble materials conventionally used in topical compositions, at their 15 art-established levels.

Various water-soluble materials may also be present in the compositions useful in the subject invention. These include humectants, proteins and polypeptides, preservatives and an alkaline agent. In addition, the topical compositions useful herein can contain conventional cosmetic adjuvants, such as dyes, opacifiers titanium 20 dioxide), pigments and perfumes.

The topical compositions useful in the subject invention may also include a safe and effective amount of penetration enhancing agent. A preferred amount of penetration enhancing agent is from about 1% to about 5% of the composition.

Other conventional skin care product additives may also be included in the compositions useful in the subject invention. For example, collagen, hyaluronic acid, elastin, hydrolysates, primrose oil, jojoba oil, epidermal growth factor, soybean saponins, mucopolysaccharides, and mixtures thereof may be used.

Various vitamins may also be included in the compositions useful in the subject invention. For example, Vitamin A, and derivatives thereof Vitamin B 2 biotin, pantothenic, Vitamin D, and mixtures thereof may be used.

Cleaning Comositions Skin and scalp cleaning compositions useful in the subject invention comprise, in addition to hesperetin, a cosmetically-acceptable surfactant. The term "cosmetically- -acceptable surfctant" refers to a surfactant which is not only an effective cleanser, but also can be used without undue toxicity, irritation, allergic response, and the like.

Furthermore, the surfactant must be capable of being comingled with the hesperetin in a manner such that there is no interaction which would substantially reduce the efficacy of the composition for treating acne and controlling sebum production.

The cleaning compositions useful in the subject invention preferably contain from about 0.01% to about 20%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about of hesperetin and preferably from about 1% to about more preferably from about to about 10%, of a cosmetically-acceptable surfactant.

The physical form of the cleansing compositions is not critical. The compositions can be, for example, formulated as toilet bars, liquids, shampoos, pastes, or mousses.

Toilet bars are most preferred since this is the form of cleansing agent most commonly used to wash the skin. Rinse-off cleansing compositions, such as shampoos, require a delivery system adequate to deposit sufficient levels of hesperetin on the skin and scalp.

to A preferred delivery system involves the use of insolude complexes. For a more complete disclosure, see U.S. Patent 4, 835,148, Barford et al., issued May 30, 1989; incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

The surfactant component of the compositions useful in the subject invention are selected from anionic, nonionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and ampholytic surfactants, as 15 well as mixtures of these surfactants. Such surfactants are well-known to those skilled in the detergency art.

The cleaning compositions useful in the subject invention can optionally contain, at their art-established levels, materials which are conventionally used in cleansing compositions. Nonlimiting examples of possible surfactants include *20 sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, and sodium lauryl sulfate.

See U.S. Patent No. 4,800,197, to Kowcz et al., issued January 24, 1989, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Examples of a broad variety of additional surfactants useful herein are described in McCutcheon's, Deterents and Emulsifie. North American Edition (1986), published by Allured Publishing Corporation, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Combination Actives AAnti-Inflammatorv Agents An anti-inflammatory agent may be included as an active along with the hesperetin active agent, for treatment of acne. A safe and effective amount of an anti-inflammatory agent may be added to the compositions useful in the subject invention, preferably from about 0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about to about of the composition. The exact amount of anti-inflammatory agent to be used in the compositions will depend on the particular anti-inflammatory agent utilized since such agents vary widely in potency.

Steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, including but not limited to, corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone, hydroxyltriamcinolone, alpha-methyl dexamethasone, dexamethasone-phosphate, beclomethasone dipropionates, clobetasol valerate, desonide, desoxymethasone, desoxycorticosterone acetate, dexamethasone, dichlorisone.

diflorasone diacetate, diflucortolone valerate, fluadrenolone, fluclorolone acetonide.

fidr6cortisone, flumethasone pivalate, fluosinolone acetonide, fluocinonide, flucortine butylesters, fluocortolone, fluprednidene (fluprednylidene) acetate, flurandrenolone, halcinonide, hydrocortisone acetate, hydrocortisone butyrate, methylprednisolone, triamcinolone acetonide, cortisone, cortodoxone, flucetonide, fludrocortisone, difluorosone diacetate, fluradrenolone, fludrocortisone, diflurosone diacetate, fluradrenolone acetonide, medrysone, amciznafel, aincinafide, betamethasone and the balance of its esters, chioroprednisone, chlorprednisone acetate, clocortelone, clescinolone, dichiorisone, diflurprednate, flucloronide, flunisolide, fluoromethalone, fluperolone, fluprednisolone, hydrocortisone valerate, hydrocortisone cyclopentylpropionate, hydrocortamate, meprednisone, paramethasone, prednisolone, prednisone, beclomethasone dipropionate, triamcinolone, and mixtures thereof my be used. The preferred steroidal anti-inflammatory for use is hydrocortisone.

A second class of anti-inflammatory agents which is useful in the compositions includes the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents. The variety of compounds encompassed by this group are well-known to those skilled in the art. For detailed disclosure of the chemical structure, synthesis, side effects, etc. of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents, reference may be had to standard texts, including Anti-inflamnmatory and Anti-Rhbeumatic Drugs. KD. Rainsford, Vol. I-Ill CRC Press, Boca Raton, (1985), and Aniti-inflammatory Agents. Chemistr and Pharmacolov 1, *2o R.A. Scherrer, et al., Academic Press, New York (1974).

Specific non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents useful in the composition invention include, but are not limited to: 1) the oxicains, such as piroxicam, isoxicam, tenoxicam, sudoxicani, and CP- 14,304; 2) the salicylates, such as aspirin, disalcid, benorylate, trilisate, safapryn, solprKn diflunisal, and fendosal; 3) the acetic acid derivatives, such as diclofenac, fenclofenac, indomethacin, sulindac, tolmetin, isoxepac, furofenac, tiopinac, zidometacin, acematacin, fentiazac, zomepirac, clindanac, oxepinac, felbinac, and ketorolac; 4) the fenates, such as mefenamic, meclofenamic, fluofeamiic, niflumnic, and tolfenamic acids; the propionic acid derivatives, such as ibuprofen, naproxen, benoxaprofen, flurbiprofen, ketoprofen, fenoprofen, fenbufn indopropfen, pirprofen, carprofen, oxaprozin, pranoprofen, miroprofen, tioxaprofen suprofen, alminoprofen, and tiaprofenic; and 6) the pyrazoles, such as phenylbutazone, oxyphenbutazone, fieprazone, azapropazone, and trimethazone.

Mixtures of these non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agents may also be employed, as well as the pharmaceuticafly-acceptable salts and esters of these agents. For example, etofenamate, a flufenamic acid derivative, is particularly useful for topical application.

Of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, ibuprofen, naproxen, flufenamic acid, mefenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, piroxicam and felbinac are preferred; ibuprofen, naproxen, and flufenamic acid are most preferred.

Finally, so-called "natural" anti-inflammatory agents are useful in methods of the subject invention. For example, candelilla wax, alpha bisabolol, aloe vera, Manjistha (extracted from plants in the genus Rubia particularly Rubia Cordifolia), and Guggal (extracted from plants in the genus Commiphora. particularly Comminhora Mukul), may be used.

1o B, Retinoids In a preferred acne-treating composition useful in the subject invention, a retinoid, preferably retinoic acid, is included as an active along with the hesperetin active agent.

The inclusion of a retinoid increases the acne-treating benefits of the composition. A safe and effective amount of a retinoid may be added to the compositions useful in the 15 subject invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about more preferably from about 0.01% to about 0.1% of the composition. As used herein, "retinoid" includes all natural and/or synthetic analogs of Vitamin A or retinol-like compounds which possess !the biological activity of Vitamin A in the skin as well as the geometric isomers and stereoisomers of these compounds, such as all-trans retinoic acid and 13-cis-retinoic acid.

C. Antimicrobial Agents In a preferred acne-treating composition useful in the subject invention, an antimicrobial agent is included as an active along with the hesperetin active agent. The inclusion of an antimicrobial agent increases the acne-treating benefits of the 25 composition. As used herein, "antimicrobial agent" means a compound capable of destroying microbes, preventing the development of microbes or preventing the pathogenic action of microbes.

A safe and effective amount of an antimicrobial agent may be added to compositions useful in the subject invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about more preferably from about 0.01% to about more preferably still from about 0.05% to about 1% of the compositions. Preferred antimicrobial agents useful in the subject invention are benzoyl peroxide, erythromycin, tetracycline, clindamycin, azelaic acid, and sulfer resorcinol.

1 Antiandroens In a preferred acne-treating composition useful in the subject invention, an antiandrogen is included as an active along with the hesperetin active agent. As used herein, "antiandrogen" means a compound capable of correcting androgen-related disorders by interfering with the action of androgens at their target organs. The target organ for the subject invention is mammalian skin.

13 SA safe and effective amount of an antiandrogen may be added to the compositions useful in the subject invention, preferably from about 0.001% to about more preferably from about 0.01% to about 1%.

Antiandrogens which are androgen receptor antagonists as well as antiandrogens which are 5-a reductase inhibitors are useful in the compositions of the subject invention. Examples of such antiandrogens are more fully disclosed in U. S. Patent No.

4,888,336, Holt, Metcalf and Levy, issued December 19, 1989; U. S. Patent No.

5,110,939, Holt, Metcalf and Levy, issued May 5, 1992; U. S. Patent No. 5,120,742, Rasmusson and Reynolds, issued June 9, 1992 and U. S. Patent No. 4,859,681, Rasmusson and Reynolds, issued August 22, 1989; all incorporated herein by reference.

See also Stewart, and P. Pochi, "Antiandrogens and the Skin", International Society of Tropical Dermatology. Vol. 17, No. 3, pp. 167-179 (1978); incorporated herein by reference.

.,Preferred antiandrogens useful for compositions of the subject invention are cyproterone acetate, finasteride, chlormadinone acetate, 17-a propylmesterolone, 17-a estradiol acetate, dienoestrol diacetate, estradiol benzoate, inocoterone acetate, spironolactone, and I l-a hydroxyprogestrone.

E. Comedolvtic Agents In a preferred composition useful in the subject invention, a comedolytic agent is 20 included as an active along with the hesperetin active.

As used herein, the term "comedolytic agent" refers to any compound capable of rupturing a comedo.

A safe and effective amount of a comedolytic agent may be added to the compositions useful in the subject invention, preferably from about 0.05% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.1% about A preferred comedolytic agent useful in the subject invention is salicylic acid.

Delivery Methods for the Topical Compositions The topical compositions useful for the methods of the instant invention can be delivered from a variety of delivery devices. The following are two nonlimiting examples.

Medicated Cleansing Pads The compositions useful herein can be incorporated into a medicated cleansing pad. Preferably these pads comprise from about 50% to about 75% by weight of one or more layers of nonwoven fabric material and from about 20% to about 50%6 by weight of a liquid composition deliverable from the nonwoven fabric material preferably comprising from about 0.01% to about 10% hesperetin, more preferably from about 1% to about 7% hesperetin. These pads are described in detail in U. S. Patent No.

4,891,228, to Thaman et al., issued January 2, 1990; and U. S. Patent No. 4,891,227, to 14 Thaman et al., issued January 2, 1990; both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

Dispensing Devices The compositions useful herein can also be incorporated into and delivered from a soft-tipped or flexible dispensing device. These devices are useful for the controlled delivery of the compositions to the skin surface and have the advantage that the treatment composition itself never need be directly handled by the user. Nonlimiting examples of these devices comprise a fluid container including a mouth, an applicator, means for holding the applicator in the mouth of the container, and a normally closed to pressure-responsive valve for permitting the flow of fluid from the container to the applicator upon the application of pressure to the valve. The fluid preferably contains from about 0.01% to about 10% hesperetin, more preferably from about 1% to about hesperetin.

The valve can include a diaphragm formed from an elastically fluid impermeable 15 material with a plurality of non-intersecting arcuate slits therein, where each slit has a base which is intersected by at least one other slit, and where each slit is out of intersecting relation with its own base, and wherein there is a means for disposing the valve in the container inside of the applicator. Examples of these applicator devices are described in U.S. Patent No. 4,693,623, to Schwartzman, issued September 15, 1987; 20 U.S. Patent No. 4,620,648, to Schwartzman, issued September 15, 1987; U.S. Patent No. 3,669,323, to Harker et al., issued June 13, 1972; U.S. Patent No. 3,418,055, to Schwartzman, issued December 24, 1968; and U.S. Patent No. 3,410,645, to Schwartzman, issued November 12, 1968; all of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Examples of applicators useful herein are commercially available from Dab-O-Matic, Mount Vernon, NY.

Methods for Treating Acne and Controlling Sebum The present invention relates to methods for treating acne and controlling sebum in mammalian skin and scalp. Such methods may comprise topically applying to the skin an effective amount of the compositions of the subject invention. The term "effective amount', as used herein, means an amount sufficient to provide an anti-acne or sebumcontrol benefit. The composition can be applied for several days, weeks, months, or years at appropriate intervals: from about four times a day to about once every three days, preferably from about three times a day to about once every other day, more preferably about twice to once a day until existant acne subsides; and preferably from about twice a day to about once every other day, more preferably about once a day to prevent or retard the onset of acne. The composition is preferably applied from about twice a day to about once every three days, more preferably about once every other day to control oily skin and scalp.

-Typically, in each application, an effective coating of the skin or scalp is achieved by applying from about 0.001 mg to about 5 mg per cm 2 skin or scalp per application of the active hesperetin agent, preferably from about 0.01 mg to about 2 mg per cm 2 skin or scalp per application, also preferably from about 0.05 to about 1 mg per cm 2 skin or s scalp per application.

Oral administration can also be used through dosing of a pharmaceutical composition comprising a safe and effective amount of hesperetin in a suitable oral pharmaceutical carrier. The pharmaceutical composition may consist of solid dosage forms such as tablets, hard gelatin capsules, soft gelatin capsules, bulk powders, and microcapsules of the drug. Alternately, it may consist of a liquid dosage form such as an aqueous or nonaqueous solution, emulsion, or suspension.

The amount of hesperetin ingested depends upon the bio-availability of hesperetin from the oral pharmaceutical composition. Typically, however, the hesperetin is dosed in an amount of from about 0.1 mg/kg of body weight to about 500 mg/kg, and 15 preferably from about 1 to about 100 mg/kg of body weight. The oral dosage form of hesperetin is administered from about four times a day to about once every three days.

For treatment of acne, the hesperetin is preferably administered from about three times a day to about once every other day, more preferably about twice or once a day. For sebum-control, the hesperetin is preferably administered from about twice a day to once every other day, more preferably about once a day. Generally, the oral pharmaceutical composition should comprise from about 5% to about 90% of hesperetin.

SEXAMPLES

The following examples further describe and demonstrate embodiments within the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solely for the purpose of "Sas 25 illustration and are not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope of the e*e. invention.

ORAL DOSAGE FORMS

EXAMPLEI

A tablet is prepared by combining the following components to homogeneity utilizing conventional mixing techniques: Ingredients Weight Ascorbic Acid Crystalline 9-Maltose 32.5 Cornstarch Hesperetin Fhe-resultant mixture is tabletted with a 20R punch of diameter 12 mm. The product is an easily swallowable vitamin composition containing ascorbic acid and hesperetin.

Two of the resulting tablets, each containing 75 mg of the active are administered to a 60 kg human in need of treatment for oily skin once every other day until the skin condition subsides.

EXAMPLE II A capsule is prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques: S.

S.

S

*5 Ingredients Hesperetin Silica Powder Insoluble Crosslinked Polyvinylpirrolidone Maize Starch Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Polyvinylpirrolidone 30000 PM Magnesium Stearate Weight (ma) 7 3 20 Two of the resulting capsules, each containing 50 mg of the active, are administered to a 60 kg human in need of treatment for existing acne every day. As acne subsides, dosing is reduced to one capsule every day.

EXAMPLE m A capsule is prepared by combining the following components utilizing conventional mixing techniques: Ingredients Hesperetin Silica Powder Maize Starch Sodium Carboxymethylcellulose Lactose Magnesium Stearate Weight (mn) 150 3 One capsule is administered to a patient in need of treatment for existing acne two times daily. As the acne subsides, dosing is reduced to once daily.

17 TOPICAL DOSAGE FORMS EXAMIPLE IV Topical compositions are prepared by combining utilizing conventional mixing techniques: the following components In&udien Hesperetin Ethanol Glycerol Perfume Water Composition 1 Weight) 0.1 10.0 1.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 weight) 1.0 15.0 2.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 Weitzht) 10.0 15.0 0.2 q.s.

a.

a. a.

a a.

1s Any of the above compositions is applied to the face, to treat oily skin, at a dose of 0.2 mlJ, four times a day. As the skin becomes less oily, application is reduced to twice daily.

EXAMLE V Lotions are prepared, containing the folowing compositions, using conventional mixing techniques: Hydroxyliethiyl Cellulose Absolute Ethanol Propane- 1,2-dol Butane-1,34dol Paramethyl Banzate Hesperetinl Perfium6 Water Composition I 0.4 15.0 33.4 0.2 1.0 0.5 q.s.

Composition 2 M 1Weight) 15.0 33.4 0.2 10.0 0.5 q.s.

Composition 3 0.4 15.0 30.6 0.2 20.0 q.s.

Use of an amount of any of the above compositions to deposit about 0.06 mg/cm 2 of the hesperetin to the scalp is appropriate to treat excess oil in the scalp. Application occurs about once a day. As the scalp becomes less oily, application is reduced to about once every other day.

18 EXAMPLE VI A water-in-oil emulsion is prepared, by combining the following ingredients, using conventional mixing techniques: Ingredients Weight Oily Pase Sorbitan monooleate 20.0 Quaternium-1I 8-Hectonite Liquid Pazmhfn 60.0 Hesperetin 15.0 Xanthan Gum *Preservative 0.3 0.2 Sodium Chloride w/w) q.s.

The emulsion is prepared by taking 10 parts of the oily phase and adding to it slowly with stirring 90 parts by volume of the aqueous phase. Use of an amount of the emulsion to deposit about 0.02 mg/cm 2 of hesperetin to the skin is appropriate to treat existing acne. Application of the emulsion about twice a day is appropriate.

~EX.AMPLEiI An oil-in-water cream is prepared by mixing the folowing components: WIn fietWgt Oily Phase Cetearyl Alcohol Siicon 01,200 Fluid Isopropyl Myristate Sodium Stearoyl-2-Lactylate Hespertin Aguus Propylene Glycol Sodium Citrate 0.2 Perfinme 0.1 Water q.s.

19 The cream is prepared by mixing the oily phase and heating to 65"C. The aqueous phase is combined and heated to 70*C. The aqueous phase is added to the oil phase with suitable agitation. Moderate agitation is applied while cooling. Topical application of the cream is suitable to treat acne or control sebum. Use of an amount of the composition to deposit about 0.04 mg/cm 2 ofhesperetin to the skin is appropriate to treat oily skin. Application occurs about once a day. When the skin becomes less oily, application is reduced to once every other day.

EXAMPLE Vm The following lotions are prepared by mixing the ingredients in each composition according to conventional mixing techniques: o• o o Ingredient Benzoyl Peroxide 15 Absolute Ethanol Propylene Glycol Hesperetin Perfume Water Composition 1 Weight) 2.0 40.0 25.0 10.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 Weight) 5.0 40.0 25.0 5.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 Weight) 10.0 40.0 25.0 0.2 q.s.

Any of the above compositions is applied to the face at a dose of 0.2 ml, four times a day to treat existing acne. As the acne subsides, application is reduced to once a day.

EXAMPLE

IX

The following lotions are prepared by mixing the ingredients in each composition according to conventional mixing techniques: Ingredient Salicylic Acid Absolute Ethanol Propylen Glycol Hesperetin Perfume Water Composition 1 Weight) 0.5 40.0 25.0 10.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 Weight) 2.0 40.0 25.0 1.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 Weight) 40.0 25.0 0.2 q.s.

Use of an amount of any of the above compositions to deposit about 0.06 mg/cm 2 of hesperetin to the skin is appropriate to treat existing acne. Application occurs once a day.

EXAM[LEX

The following lotions are prepared by mixing the ingredients in each composition according to conventional mixing techniques: Erythromiycin Absolute Ethanol Propylene Glycol Hesperetin Perfuame Water Composition I Weight) 0.5 40.0 25.0 10.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 Weiaht) 40.0 25.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 25.0 25.0 0.2 q.s.

Use of an amount of any of the above lotions to deposit about 0.02 mg/cm 2 of hesperetin to the scalp is appropriate to treat excess oil in the scalp. Application occurs once every two days.

EYXAPLE

The following lotions are prepared by mixing the ingredients in each composition according to conventional mixing techniques: In&ien Cyproterone Acetate Absolute Ethanol Propylene Glycol Hespcretin Perfumne water Composition 1 ffg Weight 0.5 40.0 30.0 5.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 0/eiBh 1.0 40.0 30.0 1.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 AWegi) 40.0 30.0 0.2 q.s.

Use of an amount of any of the above compositions to depsit about 0.06 mg/cm 2 of hesperetin to the sin is appropriate to treat existing acne. Application occur three timnes a day.

21 EXAMPLE XIT The following lotions are prepared by mixing the ingredients in each composition according to conventional nixing techniques: ln~dient Azelaic Acid Absolute Ethanol Propylene Glycol Hesperetin Perfume Water Composition I Weight) 1.0 40.0 25.0 10.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 2 Weight) 5.0 40.0 25.0 2.0 0.2 q.s.

Composition 3 M AWeigbx) 20.0 40.0 25.0 0.2 q.s.

a Any of the above compositions is applied to the face at a dose of 0.2 ml, three times a dlay to treat oily skin. As the skin becomes less oily, application is reduced to once a dlay.

is prepared by mixing the ingredients according to The folowing shampoo conventional mixing techniques: Triethanolamine lauzyl sifuae Coconut diethanolamnide, Hydroxypropyunethyl cellulosel 25 Corn syrup, (80% solids) 2 Dimethylpolysiloxane Cationic cellulose 3 Ethyl alcohol (SDA 40) Vinyl caroxy poymer 4 Heperetin Perfiumr, color, preservative WaSW Acid or base to pH IMethocel E4M (Dow Chemical) 242 Dextrse equivalent (Staley 1300) 3 Polymer JR 400 4 Carbopol 941 (BF Goodrich) Weigbt 17.0 0.2 30.0 0.7 q.s.

a.

a.

The composition is applied to the scalp every other day to treat excess oil in the scalp. A dose of about 0.5 ml is applied and washed off.

EXAMPLE XIV The following hair tonic is prepared by mixing the ingredients according to conventional mixing techniques.

Weight Hesperetin Pyroglutamic acid methyl ester 10.0 Ethanol 40.0 Perfume 0.3 Water q.s.

The composition is applied to the scalp every three days at a dose of about 0.4 ml to treat excess oil in the scalp. The tonic is left on after application.

COMPARATIVE STUDIES 15 Effect of compounds on Hamster Ear In Vivo Sebaceous Gland Activity 1. Treatment Golden Syrian Hamsters (80 100g in weight, or 8 12 weeks old) were housed individually and given food and water ad libitum. After a week of acclimatisation, treatment of the animals began. There were 6 animals per treatment group. Stock solutions were made up for each experiment.

In general, both ears were treated, one with active, the other with vehicle.

Both ears were treated to eliminate preferred grooming habits. Using a pipetman, 30ul of treatment were applied to the ventral surface of the ear.

Treatment was carried out 5 days a week for four weeks. After the treatment period, the hamsters were sacrificed with C02.

2. Preparation of Ears The ears were removed and placed in Krebs-Ringer Bicarbonate Buffer at room temperature. When collection was complete, the ears were taken to a sterile environment. The dorsal skin was peeled away from the ventral ear in such a way to leave the cartilage tissue with the dorsal surface. Only the ventral size was used for measurements.

3. Staining and Visualising Sebaceous Glands; Histoplanimetry The ventral aspect of the ears were placed in 10% Phosphate buffered formalin (PbF) overnight. The ears were then stained in a solution of Sudar Black, by slow shaking for 3 hours. The dye was decanted and ears rinsed overnight (with shaking) in 85:15 propylene glycol/water. 3mm-punch biopsies were taken from each ear (10mm from tip) and glycerol-mounted on microscope slides. The area of the sebaceous glands were determined by computer assisted image analysis using as IBAS 2000 (Zeiss).

Statistics: The data were evaluated using the Student's T-test comparing the active to the vehicle control. The data is reported in Table 1.

Table 1

U

U

U.

U U

U

r 15 Treatment Sebaceous Percent Gland Area Reduction

SD

Vehicle (Acetone:Propylene 91.6 8.9 Glycol, 3:1) 5% Hesperetin in vehicle 77.9 10.3 0.1% cis retinoic acid in vehicle 65.8 6.1 28% (Positive Control) Note: p<0.05 vs. vehicle control Effect of Compounds on Hamster Ear In Vivo Lipogenesis Four 3mm punch biopsies were taken from the apical curve of each ventral ear surface and pooled in a culture dish containing Krebs-Henseleit solution and 2mM glucose (including 14 C]-glucose). Concentrated test materials were prepared in ethanol and diluted 1:64 parts in Krebs- Henseleit solution. Each treatment was done with six randomly collected biopsies in a tube containing 0.4 ml medium/biopsy. The tubes were immersed in a shaking water bath for 3 hours at 37 0 C, with constant 5% C02 infusion (except for the "time zero group" which was stopped immediately to determine background levels of 14 C]-glucose incorporation). The ears were rinsed twice with water to stop the reaction and remove any excess radiolabel.

The ears were digested overnight at 37 0 C with 1.0 ml/ear proteolysis buffer (50mM Tris-HCI, pH 7.5, 10mM NaEDTA, 0.5% sodium dodecyl Ssulfate, and proteinase 3 H]-cholesterol was added to each culture tube

I

c i i as a tracer for lipid recovery. Two ml of CH 3 CI:CH30H(1:1) were added to each tube, vigorously vortexed, and left to stand for at least 15 min. to separate the solvent layers. The organic layer was transferred into a 20 ml scintillation vial and air dried. 10 ml Scintiverse II was added to the dried down lipids, and lipid synthesis quantified in a Wallace 1410 Liquid Scintillation counter using a and [14C]- dual count program.

Statistics: The data were evaluated using the Student's T-test comparing the active to the vehicle control, and are reported in Table 2.

Table 2 a a a a..

a a a a a.

k Treatment Lipogenesis Percent (DPM/hr SEM) Reduction Krebs-Henseleit solution 970 (Control)___ Hesperetin 50uM in 590 60 39% Krebs-Henseleit solution Note: p<0.05 vs. control Effect of Compounds of P. acnes Growth P. acnes inhibition (MIC) was determined using the reference agar dilution procedure for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of anaerobic bacteria described in Zabransky RJ, et al., Reference Agar Dilution Procedure for 20 Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing of Anaerobic Bacteria, Natl Comm Clinic Lab Standards 5:24-30, 1991. Date are expressed in terms of a range of the MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration) in gg/ml of tested material and are reported in Table 3. P. acnes inhibition increases with decreasing M.I.C.

Table 3

T.

Treatment M.I.C. (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration; Ig active/ml excipient) Erythromycin/Zinc <0.2 in methanol) Benzoyl Peroxide (in 5% DMSO) 1250-2500 Hesperetin (in 5% DMSO) 62.5-500 The above studies demonstrate that a test composition in accordance with the invention was effective in reducing sebaceous gland activity and/or increasing antibacterial activity.

While particular embodiments of the subject invention have been described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications to the subject invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. It is intended to cover, in the appended claims, all such modifications that are within the scope of the subject invention.

9 !i 9.

:oo i 9 9** 9* 9* 9* 9 9 9 9* 9.* 9.* 9 9 9.* go• *~o o•* f THE CLAIMS DEFINING THE INVENTION ARE AS FOLLOWS: 1. A method of preventing or treating acne in mammalian skin including administering to a mammal susceptible to or having acne a composition including a safe and effective amount of hesperetin having the structure:

OH

0* OH O or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof.

2. The method of Claim 1 wherein the composition is administered perorally.

3. The method of Claim 2 wherein the hesperetin is administered in an amount of 0.1 mg/kg of body weight to 500 mg/kg of body weight of the mammal.

4 The method of Claim 3 wherein the hesperetin is administered in an amount of 1 mg/kg of body weight to 100 mg/kg of body weight of the mammal.

The method of Claim 1 wherein the composition is topically applied to the mammalian skin.

6. The method of Claim 5 wherein the amount of hesperetin applied to the skin is from 0.001 mg per cm 2 skin to 5 mg per cm 2 skin.

U.,

ic ~iPiT

Claims (7)

1. 7. The method of Claim 6 wherein the amount of hesperetin applied to the skin is from 0.01 mg per cm 2 skin to 2 mg per cm 2 skin.
2. 8. The method of Claim 7 wherein the amount of hesperetin applied to the skin is from 0.05 mg per cm 2 skin to 1 mg per cm 2 skin.
3. 9. The method of Claim 5 wherein the composition is delivered from a pad including: a) from 50% to 75% by weight of one or more layers of nonwoven fabric material; and b) from 25% to 50% by weight of a liquid composition, deliverable from the nonwoven fabric material, including from 0.01% to 10% by weight of hesperetin. The method of Claim 9 wherein the liquid composition includes from 1% to 7% by weight of hesperetin.
4. 11. A method of preventing or treating excessive sebaceous gland activity in mammalian skin and scalp including administering to a mammal susceptible to having excessive sebaceous gland activity a composition including a safe and effective amount of hesperetin having the structure: OH OCH3 OH 0 or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof. if j 28
5. 12. The method of Claim 11 wherein the composition is administered perorally in an amount of 0.1 mg/kg of body weight to 500 mg/kg of body weight of the mammal.
6. 13. The method of Claim 12 wherein the composition is administered perorally in an amount of 1 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg of body weight of the mammal.
7. 14. The method of Claim 11 wherein the composition is topically applied to the mammalian skin or scalp in an amount of 0.001 mg per cm 2 skin to 5 mg per cm 2 skin. The method of Claim 14 wherein the composition is topically applied to Sthe mammalian skin or scalp in an amount of 0.05 mg per cm2 skin to 1 mg per cm 2 skin. SDATED this 19th day of May 1999 THE PROCTER GAMBLE COMPANY WATERMARK PATENT TRADEMARK ATTORNEYS 290 BURWOOD ROAD SHAWTHORN VICTORIA 3122 AUSTRALIA VAX DOCO27 AU8190798.WPC LCG/JGC/RES I ABSTRACT The subject invention relates to methods for sebum control and treatment of acne in mammalian skin and scalp comprising administration of hesperetin, having structure or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. a.