AU706314B2 - Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase - Google Patents
Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase Download PDFInfo
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- AU706314B2 AU706314B2 AU26020/97A AU2602097A AU706314B2 AU 706314 B2 AU706314 B2 AU 706314B2 AU 26020/97 A AU26020/97 A AU 26020/97A AU 2602097 A AU2602097 A AU 2602097A AU 706314 B2 AU706314 B2 AU 706314B2
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- C07D233/54—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members
- C07D233/64—Heterocyclic compounds containing 1,3-diazole or hydrogenated 1,3-diazole rings, not condensed with other rings having two double bonds between ring members or between ring members and non-ring members with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring carbon atoms, e.g. histidine
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- C07D417/06—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms
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- C07D417/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms, not provided for by group C07D415/00 containing three or more hetero rings
Description
WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 -1- TITLE OF THE INVENTION INHIBITORS OF FARNESYL-PROTEIN
TRANSFERASE
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The Ras proteins (Ha-Ras, Ki4a-Ras, Ki4b-Ras and N-Ras) are part of a signalling pathway that links cell surface growth factor receptors to nuclear signals initiating cellular proliferation. Biological and biochemical studies of Ras action indicate that Ras functions like a G-regulatory protein. In the inactive state, Ras is bound to GDP.
Upon growth factor receptor activation Ras is induced to exchange GDP for GTP and undergoes a conformational change. The GTPbound form of Ras propagates the growth stimulatory signal until the signal is terminated by the intrinsic GTPase activity of Ras, which returns the protein to its inactive GDP bound form Lowy and D.M. Willumsen, Ann. Rev. Biochem. 62:851-891 (1993)). Mutated ras genes (Ha-ras, Ki4a-ras, Ki4b-ras and N-ras) are found in many human cancers, including colorectal carcinoma, exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, and myeloid leukemias. The protein products of these genes are defective in their GTPase activity and constitutively transmit a growth stimulatory signal.
Ras must be localized to the plasma membrane for both normal and oncogenic functions. At least 3 post-translational modifications are involved with Ras membrane localization, and all 3 modifications occur at the C-terminus of Ras. The Ras C-terminus contains a sequence motif termed a "CAAX" or "Cys-Aaal-Aaa 2 -Xaa" box (Cys is cysteine, Aaa is an aliphatic amino acid, the Xaa is any amino acid) (Willumsen et al., Nature 310:583-586 (1984)). Depending on the specific sequence, this motif serves as a signal sequence for the enzymes famesyl-protein transferase or geranylgeranyl-protein transferase, which catalyze the alkylation of the cysteine residue of the CAAX motif with a C1 5 or C20 isoprenoid, respectively.
Clarke., Ann. Rev. Biochem. 61:355-386 (1992); W.R. Schafer and J. Rine, Ann. Rev. Genetics 30:209-237 (1992)). The Ras protein is one of several proteins that are known to undergo post-translational WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -2famesylation. Other farnesylated proteins include the Ras-related GTPbinding proteins such as Rho, fungal mating factors, the nuclear lamins, and the gamma subunit of transducin. James, et al., J. Biol. Chem. 269 14182 (1994) have identified a peroxisome associated protein Pxf which is also farnesylated. James, et al., have also suggested that there are famesylated proteins of unknown structure and function in addition to those listed above.
Inhibition of famesyl-protein transferase has been shown to block the growth of Ras-transformed cells in soft agar and to modify other aspects of their transformed phenotype. It has also been demonstrated that certain inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase selectively block the processing of the Ras oncoprotein intracellularly Kohl et al., Science, 260:1934-1937 (1993) and G.L. James et al., Science, 260:1937-1942 (1993). Recently, it has been shown that an inhibitor of famesyl-protein transferase blocks the growth of rasdependent tumors in nude mice Kohl et al., Proc. Natl. Acad.
Sci 91:9141-9145 (1994) and induces regression of mammary and salivary carcinomas in ras transgenic mice Kohl et al., Nature Medicine, 1:792-797 (1995).
Indirect inhibition of farnesyl-protein transferase in vivo has been demonstrated with lovastatin (Merck Co., Rahway, NJ) and compactin (Hancock et al., ibid; Casey et al., ibid; Schafer et al., Science 245:379 (1989)). These drugs inhibit HMG-CoA reductase, the rate limiting enzyme for the production of polyisoprenoids including farnesyl pyrophosphate. Famesyl-protein transferase utilizes famesyl pyrophosphate to covalently modify the Cys thiol group of the Ras CAAX box with a farnesyl group (Reiss et al., Cell, 62:81-88 (1990); Schaber et al., J. Biol. Chem., 265:14701-14704 (1990); Schafer et al., Science, 249:1133-1139 (1990); Manne et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci USA, 87:7541-7545 (1990)). Inhibition of farnesyl pyrophosphate biosynthesis by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase blocks Ras membrane localization in cultured cells. However, direct inhibition of famesylprotein transferase would be more specific and attended by fewer side effects than would occur with the required dose of a general inhibitor WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -3of isoprene biosynthesis.
Inhibitors of faresyl-protein transferase (FPTase) have been described in four general classes Graham, Expert Opinion Ther. Patents, (1995) 5:1269-1285). The first are analogs of farnesyl diphosphate (FPP), while a second class of inhibitors is related to the protein substrates Ras) for the enzyme. Bisubstrate inhibitors and inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase that are non-competitive with the substrates have also been described. The peptide derived inhibitors that have been described are generally cysteine containing molecules that are related to the CAAX motif that is the signal for protein prenylation. (Schaber et al., ibid; Reiss et. al., ibid; Reiss et al., PNAS, 88:732-736 (1991)). Such inhibitors may inhibit protein prenylation while serving as alternate substrates for the famesylprotein transferase enzyme, or may be purely competitive inhibitors Patent 5,141,851, University of Texas; N.E. Kohl et al., Science, 260:1934-1937 (1993); Graham, et al., J. Med. Chem., 37, 725 (1994)). In general, deletion of the thiol from a CAAX derivative has been shown to dramatically reduce the inhibitory potency of the compound. However, the thiol group potentially places limitations on the therapeutic application of FPTase inhibitors with respect to pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and toxicity.
Therefore, a functional replacement for the thiol is desirable.
It has recently been disclosed that certain tricyclic compounds which optionally incorporate a piperidine moiety are inhibitors of FPTase (WO 95/10514, WO 95/10515 and WO 95/10516).
Imidazole-containing inhibitors of farnesyl protein transferase have also been disclosed (WO 95/09001 and EP 0 675 112 Al).
It has recently been reported that faresyl-protein transferase inhibitors are inhibitors of proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and are therefore useful in the prevention and therapy of arteriosclerosis and diabetic disturbance of blood vessels (JP H7-112930).
It is, therefore, an object of this invention to develop WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -4low molecular weight compounds that will inhibit famesyl-protein transferase and thus, the post-translational farnesylation of proteins.
It is a further object of this invention to develop chemotherapeutic compositions containing the compounds of this invention and methods for producing the compounds of this invention.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises arylheteroarylcontaining compounds which inhibit the famesyl-protein transferase.
Further contained in this invention are chemotherapeutic compositions containing these farnesyl transferase inhibitors and methods for their production.
The compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula A: f R3 f_
(R
8 )r V A'(CRla 2
)A
2 (CRa 2 n W (CR 1 b 2 X -(CRb 2 p
A
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The compounds of this invention are useful in the inhibition of famesyl-protein transferase and the faresylation of the oncogene protein Ras. In a first embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula A: WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/IUS97/05357
(R
8 )r R9
K
V -A 1 (CRla 2 fA 2(CRla 2 W (C b2p- x -(CR 1
A
wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently
CR
6 R Ia and R Ib are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR R I IC(0)0-, (R 10 R'1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R' 0 or RI I0C(0)NRIO-, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I S R 1 I C(0)NR (R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R'1 0 and R I I0C(0)-NR
R
2
R
3
R
4 and R 5 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -CI10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfinoroalkyl, R 12 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 1 (R 1 0 R I IC(0)0-, WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT[US97/05357 -6each R 6 is a) b) c) d) R 1O2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted ClI-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 )2NC(O)-,
R
1 02N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and R I I OC(O)-NR independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R' IIS(O)m-, R IOC(O)NR 10-, (R 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 1 1 R I 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or RI I 0C (O)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 120-., R I R' I C(O)NR I .(R 1 I 02NC(0)-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(O)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and (CH2)3-; provided that when R 2
R
3
R
4
R
5 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2
R
3
R
4
R
5 or WO 97/36896 PCT1US97/05357 -7- R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon;
R
7 is selected from: H; CI-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) C1-4 aikoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) 0 f) -S0 2
R
1 1 g) N(R10)2 or h) Cj..4 perfluoroalkyl; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 1 00., RI I R 1
I
0 C(O)NR 1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 102N-C(NRl10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R 1 0C(O)NR 10-, and C) C1I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, cyanophenyl, heterocycle, C3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfluoroalkyl,
F,
Cl, Br, R 1 0 R I IS(O)m-, R IOC(O)NH-, (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, RlIO2N-C(NRl10)-, CN, R I 0 N3, -N(R 10)2, or RI 0 0C(O)NH-; provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 -8- R9 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl,
F,
Cl, Br, R I R I IS(0)m-,
R'I
0 C(0)NR (R 10 R I 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I OC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R II OC(0)NR10-, and c) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, RIO0-, RI IS(0)m-, RIOC(0)NRIO.., RIO2N..C(NR1O)> CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R 1 'C(0)NR10, R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R I I s independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, C I-C6 aralkyl, C1I-C6 substituted aralkyl, C I-C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 2 2 -trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-,
-CZ-C-,
-C(0)NRIO-, -NRIOC(0)-, 0, -N(RIO)-, -S(0)2N(R -N(R 1O)S(0)2- or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle, c) aryl, d) C 1 -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -9provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, O,
-C(O)NR
7
-NR
7 -C(0)NR 7
-NR
7 -S(O)2N(R -N(R1O)S(0) 2 or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and tis 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
A preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention is illustrated by the following formula: Jf
R
3 f (R)r R2 V A'(CRla 2 )nA2(CRa 2 n W -(CRb2)p- X -(CRlb 2 p
R
A
wherein: WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 10 from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f's are independently
CR
6 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, R 100-, -N(R'O0)2, F or C I-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RIO)2,
F
or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R 1 0 )2;
R
2
R
3
R
4 and R 5 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 O alkenyl, C2-C6 aikynyl, halogen, CI-C6 peffluoroalkyl, R 1 20-, RI 1 I S R' I C(O)NR (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, RlO02N..C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R'10)2, or RI IOC(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R' I C(O)NR 0 DI RI02N..C(NRI10), CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, and R I IOC(O)-NR each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -Ci 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R' R II R I OC(O)NR (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, R1O2N-C(NRIO)>, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'0)2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted CL-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 0-.
R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR (R 10 R 10 2N- C(NR CN, R I 0 N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(O)any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CA2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2
R
3
R
4
R
5 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2
R
3
R
4
R
5 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon;
R
7 is selected from: H; C1-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsuifonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) C1-4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 12 e) 0 f) -S0 2
R
1 g) N(R 10)2 or h) C 1-4 perfluoroalkyl;
R
8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C1I-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, ClI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, RIOO-, RIOC(O)NRlO.., CN, N02, (RlO)2N..C(NR10).., R I -N(R'1O)2, orRlI IOC()NR and C) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by C1I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-, R 1 0 C(0)NRIO0, (RI 0 )2N-C(NR10)..,
R
1 0 -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to v is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
9 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl,
F,
CI, RI RI IS(0)m-, RIOC(0)NRIO-,
(R'
0 CN, N02, (RlO)2N..C(NRLO)., RIOC(0)-, -N(RIO)2, or R I I0C(0)NR 10-, and c) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by C I -C6 peffluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 10 R' IIS(0)m-, R IOC(0)NR (Ri 0 CN, (RI 0 )2N-C(NRIO0>, R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I I OC(0)NR R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 2 -trifluoroethy1 and aryl; Ri is independently selected from C I -C6 aikyl and aryl; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 13 R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, C I-C6 aralkyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, CI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2 -aminoethyl and 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-,
-CEC-,
-C(O)NRIO-, 0, or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C I -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if A 1 I is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if AIis a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to Al Iis through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, triazolyl or isoqui-nolinyl; X is a bond, 0, -CH=CH-,
-C(O)NR
7
-NR
7
-NR
7 -S(0)2N(RIO)-, -N(RIO)S(0) 2 or S=mm is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; q is 0, 1, 2or 3;
M
WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 14p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and tis 0 or 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
A preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula B:
(R
8 )r
R
V Al(CRla 2 )nA2(CR1a 2
)F-
f-f f R 2 ff C 1 b2- R3 wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 Ria is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl,
R
10 -N(R10)2, F or C1-C6 alkyl;
R
1 b is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl,
R
1 0 -N(RO0)2,
F
or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted Cl -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl,
R
10 0- and -N(R10)2;
R
2 and R 3 a) are independently selected from: hydrogen, WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 15 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3rClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 102N-C(NRI10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(0)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloal-kyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 120., R I R I OC(0)NR 10., (R 10 R1O2N-C(NRO)., CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1
RI
1 I R I OC(O)NR (R I 0
R
1 0 2N-C(NRIO). CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'O)2, or R I OC(0)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, ,substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, RI1O2N..C(NRl10), CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R I I'OC(0).NR10-; or WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 16 any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2
R
3 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2
R
3 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C1-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 R I OC(0)NR 10, CN, N02, (R 10%2N-C(NR R IOC(0)-, -N(R 10 or R I0 C(O)NRl10-, and c) CI-C6 alkyl substituted by CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, RIO0-, RlIOC(0)NR 10-, (Rl1O)2N-C(NR 10y.., R IOC(O)-, or R 1 OC(0)NRO, provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 2 -trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 I s independently selected from ClI -C6 alkyl and aryl; RI1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, C1I-C6 aralkyl, C1I-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1I-C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C I -C6 peffluoroalkyl, 2 -aminoethyl and 2 2 2 -triflu oro ethyl; WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 17- Al and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR 10-, -NR 1OC(O)-, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to A is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRO-, -NRIOC(0)-, -NR10-, O or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 1, 2, 3 or 4; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Another preferred embodiment of the compounds of this invention are illustrated by the formula C: WO 97/36896 PCT/US97OS357 18 f-.f f/ \\f
(R
8 )r N f 9
A
V-A Aa(CRl\A CR )n C R 9 (CRlb 2
A
3
X
wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently
CR
6 RIa is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, R 1 0 -N(R 10)2, F or C I -C6 alkyl; Rib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RIO)2,
F
or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CjI -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0- and -N(RIO)2;
R
2 and R 3 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl,
R
1 RI IS(O)m-,
R
1 0
C(O)NR
1 CN(RIO)2NC(O)-, RIO2N..C(NRIO)>, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I IOC(0)NR c) unsubstituted C1I-C6 alkyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 19 d) substituted CI -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20., R I
R
1 I C(0)NR (Ri 10)2NC(0)-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'1O)2, and each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 20-, R I R I OC(0)NRi 10, CN(R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NR10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(0)NRl10-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6'alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I0C(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2
R
3 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2
R
3 or R 6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 20 R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I-C6 perfiuoroalkyl, F, Cl, Ri 100, R I OC(O)NR CN, N02, (R 1 0 )2N-C(NR R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I'IOC(O)NR 10-, and c) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-,
R
1 I C(O)NR 10-, (R 1 0%2N-C(NR R I OC(O)-, -N(R'O0)2, or R I IOC(O)NR provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 2 -trifluoroethyl and aryl; R is independently selected from C I-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1I-C6 alkyl, C I-C6 aralkyl, CI -C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2 -aminoethyl and 2 2 2 trifiu oro ethyl; A I and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-,
-CF-C-,
-C(O)NR 10-, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -21 c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A1 is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR10-, -NRIOC(O)-, -NRIO-, O or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NR
-NR
10 or 0; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a more preferred embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula
D:
f
R
9 a 2 (CR'1a2)nR R3 (CRb2)p-X
R
8
D
wherein: WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 22 from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 Ria is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-CIO cycloalkyl or C I-C6 alkyl; Rib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(R 1 0
F
or C2-C6 alkenyl, C) ClI-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 1 0)2;
R
2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 R I S R' I C(0)NR (RI1 0
R
10 2N-C(NRIO). eN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RlO)2, or R I OC(0)NR 10- c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R I OC(0)NR (R I 0 R'1 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I 0 N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I0C(O)-NR
R
3 is selected from H, halogen, C1-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 23 a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-, R' IIS(0)m-, R' I C(0)NR (R 10 R 10 2N-C(NR1)-, CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I IOC(0)NR c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I
R
1 I C(0)NR 10-, (R 1 0%2NC(0)-, RlO02N..C(NRI10), CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'1O)2, and R I.IOC(0)-NRI10; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH., -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R 6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon;
R
8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfiuoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 0 RlIOC(0)NRl10-, CN, N02, (R'O0)2N-C(NRl10), R I -N(R 10)2, or R I OC(0)NR 10-, and c) C1I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-, Ri I C(0)NR (R I 0 )2N-C(NR R I OC(0)-, 102,or R I I C(0)NR WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -24provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl;
R
10 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 1 is independently selected from C -C6 alkyl and aryl;
R
12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, Ci-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, CI-C6 heteroaralkyl, C1-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2 -aminoethyl and 2 2 2 -trifluoroethyl; Al is selected from: a bond, O, or S(O)m; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRIO-, -NRIOC(0)-, -NRIO-, O or n is 0 or 1; provided that n is not 0 if A is a bond, 0, or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; and p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In another more preferred embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of famesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula
E:
WO 97/36896 PCT1US97/05357 25 ,f~s f N a 2 R 9 b (CRlb 2
-~X
wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently CR 6 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 0 -N(R'O0)2,
F,
C3 -Cl10 cycloalkyl or C I-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RIO)2,
F
or C2-C6 alkenyl, C) C I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 al-kenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R'10)2;
R
2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-, R I R I OC(O)NR (R(I 0 )2NC(O)-, R lO2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I I OC(O)NR c) unsubstituted ClI -C6 alkyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 26 d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I S R 1 I C(O)NR 1 (R I
R
10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and R I I0C(O)-NR
R
3 is selected from H, halogen, ClI-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120., R I R' I C(0)NR (R I 0)2NC(0)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I OC(0)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl,
R
1 2 RI IS(0)m-, RIOC(0)NRIO-,
(R'
0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, and RI I OC(0)-NRI 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R 6 to the phenyl ring, or WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97105357 27 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, CI-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 100., R' I C(0)NR CN, N02, (RI 0 )2N-C(NR R IOC(0)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(0)NR 10., and c) C1I-.C6 alkyl substituted by C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-,
R
1 I C(O)NR 1 0, (Ri 102N-C(NR 10>, Ri I -N(R 1 0)2, or R I I0C(0)NR provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon;
R
9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 is independently selected from C I-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, ClI-C6 alkyl, ClI-C6 araikyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I-C6 heteroaraikyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C I-C6 perfluoroaikyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 2 2 -trifiuoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRIO-, -NRIOC(0)-, -NRIO-, 0 or n is 0Oori1; m is 0, 1or 2;and WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -28p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NRO1C(O)-, -NR 10 or O; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a further embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula F: R 9 af f N R2 f Rla 2 -N R9b SR R 3 S(CR lb 2 )Fp-X NC
F
wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently
CR
6 Ria is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or C1-C6 alkyl; Rib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10
-N(R
0 O)2 or
F,
c) Cl-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl,
R
10 or -N(R10)2;
R
2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/US97/05357 29 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, ClI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R I R I OC(O)NR 1 (R 10 )2NC(O)-,
R
10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I I0C(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl,
R
12 RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-,
(R
1 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(O)-NR 1 0-;
R
3 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and C173; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, ClI -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 20-, R I R I OC(O)NR (R 10 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I I0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C I-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 atkenyl, C2.-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I R 1 I C(O)NR 1 (R I %2NC(O)-,
R
10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I I0C(O)-NR 10-; or WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon;
R
9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl;
R
10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R11 is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl and aryl;
R
12 is independently selected from hydrogen, Cl-C6 alkyl, Cl-C6 aralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NRIO-, -NRIOC(O)-, -NR1O-, O or m is 0, 1 or 2; and pis 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
In a further embodiment of this invention, the inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase are illustrated by the formula G: WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/US97/05357 31 N <R 9 a R
N
R 9 b NC \Rb
R
&Al(CRla 2 Rib
G
wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently
CR
6 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 0 -N(R 10)2, F, C3-CIO cycloalkyl or C1-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle or C3-CI10 cycloalkyl, c) C I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 1 0)2;
R
2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CI10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl,
R
10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I OC(0)NR 10- c) unsubstituted C1I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 32 substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycli c, C3-CI10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R I OC(0)NR (R 1 0 R I 0 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(0)-NR
R
3 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R I IS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 10-, (R 1 0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I I0C(0)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20-, R I R 1 I C(0)NR (R I 0 R'1 0 2N-C(NR'10)-, CN, R N3, -N(R 10 and R' I IC(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R 6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 33
R
9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl;
R
1 I1 is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, C I -C6 aralkyl, ClI-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1I-C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaraikyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A I is selected from: a bond, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is 0Oorl1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
Specific examples of the compounds of the invention are: 1 [Pyrid- 2 -ylphenylmethy1)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole N C
I
NN
N
N_
1 4 3 -Methylpyrazin-2-yllphenylmethyl)s -(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -34-
NC
N N
H
3 C N 1-(4-(Pyrimidinyl-5-yl)phenylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole
NC-N
N
NN
-r-
N
or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof.
The compounds of the present invention may have asymmetric centers and occur as racemates, racemic mixtures, and as individual diastereomers, with all possible isomers, including optical isomers, being included in the present invention. When any variable aryl, heterocycle, Rla, Rib etc.) occurs more than one time in any constituent, its definition on each occurence is independent at every other occurence. Also, combinations of substituents/or variables are permissible only if such combinations result in stable compounds.
As used herein, "alkyl" and the alkyl portion of aralkyl and similar terms, is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of carbon atoms; "alkoxy" represents an alkyl group of indicated number of carbon atoms attached through an oxygen bridge.
As used herein, "cycloalkyl" is intended to include nonaromatic cyclic hydrocarbon groups having the specified number of WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 carbon atoms. Examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl and the like.
"Alkenyl" groups include those groups having the specified number of carbon atoms and having one or several double bonds.
Examples of alkenyl groups include vinyl, allyl, isopropenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, cyclopropenyl, cyclobutenyl, cyclopentenyl, cyclohexenyl, 1-propenyl, 2-butenyl, 2 -methyl-2-butenyl, isoprenyl, famesyl, geranyl, geranylgeranyl and the like.
"Alkynyl" groups include those groups having the specified number of carbon atoms and having one triple bonds. Examples of alkynyl groups include acetylene, 2-butynyl, 2-pentynyl, 3-pentynyl and the like.
"Halogen" or "halo" as used herein means fluoro, chloro, bromo and iodo.
As used herein, "aryl," and the aryl portion of aralkyl and aroyl, is intended to mean any stable monocyclic or bicyclic carbon ring of up to 7 members in each ring, wherein at least one ring is aromatic.
Examples of such aryl elements include phenyl, naphthyl, tetrahydro- \naphthyl, indanyl, biphenyl, phenanthryl, anthryl or acenaphthyl.
The term heterocycle or heterocyclic, as used herein, represents a stable 5- to 7-membered monocyclic or stable 8- to 11-membered bicyclic heterocyclic ring which is either saturated or unsaturated, and which consists of carbon atoms and from one to four heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, 0, and S, and including any bicyclic group in which any of the above-defined heterocyclic rings is fused to a benzene ring. The heterocyclic ring may be attached at any heteroatom or carbon atom which results in the creation of a stable structure. Examples of such heterocyclic elements include, but are not limited to, azepinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiopyranyl, benzofuryl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, chromanyl, cinnolinyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl sulfone, furyl, imidazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, indolinyl, indolyl, isochromanyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolinyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -36isothiazolidinyl, isothiazolyl, isothiazolidinyl, morpholinyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, 2 -oxoazepinyl, oxazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydrofuryl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, thiamorpholinyl, thiamorpholinyl sulfoxide, thiazolyl, thiazolinyl, thienofuryl, thienothienyl, and thienyl.
As used herein, "heteroaryl" is intended to mean any stable monocyclic or bicyclic carbon ring of up to 7 members in each ring, wherein at least one ring is aromatic and wherein from one to four carbon atoms are replaced by heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, 0, and S. Examples of such heterocyclic elements include, but are not limited to, benzimidazolyl, benzisoxazolyl, benzofurazanyl, benzopyranyl, benzothiopyranyl, benzofuryl, benzothiazolyl, benzothienyl, benzoxazolyl, chromanyl, cinnolinyl, dihydrobenzofuryl, dihydrobenzothienyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl, dihydrobenzothiopyranyl sulfone, furyl, imidazolyl, indolinyl, indolyl, isochromanyl, isoindolinyl, isoquinolinyl, isothiazolyl, naphthyridinyl, oxadiazolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrazolyl, pyridazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinolinyl, quinoxalinyl, tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, thiazolyl, thienofuryl, thienothienyl, and thienyl.
As used herein in the definition of R 7 the substituted C1-8 alkyl, substituted C3-6 cycloalkyl, substituted aroyl, substituted aryl, substituted heteroaroyl, substituted arylsulfonyl, substituted heteroarylsulfonyl and substituted heterocycle include moieties containing from 1 to 3 substituent s in addition to the point of attachment to the rest of the compound.
As used herein, when no specific substituents are set forth, the terms "substituted aryl", "substituted heterocycle" and "substituted cycloalkyl" are intended to include the cyclic group which is substituted on a substitutable ring carbon atom with 1 or 2 substitutents selected from the group which includes but is not limited to F, Cl, Br, CF3, NH2, N(C1-C6 alkyl)2, N02, CN, (C1-C6 alkyl)O-, -OH, (CI-C6 WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -37 alkyl)S(O)m-, (Ci-C6 alkyl)C(O)NH-, H2N-C(NH)-, (Ci-C6 alkyl)C(O)-, (C1-C6 alkyl)OC(O)-, N3,(CI-C6 alkyl)OC(O)NH-, phenyl, pyridyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, thienyl, furyl, isothiazolyl and C1-C20 alkyl.
Lines drawn into the ring systems from substituents (such as from R 2
R
3
R
4 etc.) indicate that the indicated bond may be attached to any of the substitutable ring carbon atoms.
The moiety designated by the following structure f represents an aromatic 6-membered heterocyclic ring and includes the following ring systems: WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -38
R
6 6
NNN
N R6
O
R
6 HN NH Wi 0 HN NH
R
6 -0
R
6 wherein R 6 is as defined hereinabove.
The moiety described as f f where any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)4- includes, but is not limited to the following structures: WO 97/36896 PCTfUS97/05357
N
-39-
N
N\
NI
Lzz It is understood that such fused ring moieties may be further substituted by the remaining R 6 s as defined hereinabove.
Preferably, from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N, and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 Preferably, Ria and Rib are independently selected from: hydrogen, R11C(O)O-, -N(R 10 R OC(O)NR10-,
R
10 0- or unsubstituted or substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted phenyl, -N(RO0)2, R 1 0 0- and RIOC(O)NRIO-.
Preferably, R 2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl,
R
12 0-, CN, N02, R 1 0 or -N(R10)2, c) unsubstituted C1-C6 alkyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 d) substituted C1 -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, RI 20-, Rl lS(O)m-, R 1 0 C(0)NR 1
(R
1 0 R 10O2N-C(NR10)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and
R
1 1 OC(0)-NRIO- Preferably, R3 is selected from: hydrogen, halogen, trifluoromethyl, trifluoromethoxy and Ci -C6 alkyl.
Preferably, R4 and R 5 are hydrogen.
Preferably,
R
6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C3-C10 cycloalkyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl,
R
1 2 RI I 1 CN, N02, RIOC(0)- or -N(RO10)2, c) unsubstituted Cl-C6 alkyl; d) substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl,
R
12
R
1 1 S(O)m-, RIOC(0)- or -N(R 10 or any two R 6 s on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-.
Preferably, R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, and b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl or CN.
Preferably,
R
9 is hydrogen, halogen or methyl.
Preferably, RO10 is selected from H, CI -C6 alkyl and benzyl.
Preferably, Al and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -C(O)NRIO-, -NRIOC(0)-, O, -S(0)2N(RIO)- and-
N(R
1 O)S(0)2-.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -41 Preferably, V is selected from hydrogen, heterocycle and aryl. More preferably, V is phenyl.
Preferably, W is selected from imidazolinyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyyrolidinyl, thiazolyl and pyridyl. More preferably, W is selected from imidazolyl and pyridyl.
Preferably, n and r are independently 0, 1, or 2.
Preferably s is 0.
Preferably t is 1.
Preferably, the moiety (R)r
(R
1 V A'(CRa 2 )nA 2 (CRla 2 n (R)X-CRlb b2pis selected from:
R
9a
R
9 b
VN
N R 9b and and N R CH2-?' CH2_.
NC
NC
It is intended that the definition of any substituent or variable Ria, R 9 n, etc.) at a particular location in a molecule be independent of its definitions elsewhere in that molecule. Thus, -N(R10)2 represents -NHH, -NHCH3, -NHC2H5, etc. It is understood that substituents and substitution patterns on the compounds of the instant invention can be selected by one of ordinary skill in the art to provide compounds that are chemically stable and that can be synthesized by techniques known in the art, as well as those methods set forth below, from readily available starting materials.
The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention include the conventional non-toxic salts of the compounds WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -42of this invention as formed, from non-toxic inorganic or organic acids. For example, such conventional non-toxic salts include those derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, sulfuric, sulfamic, phosphoric, nitric and the like: and the salts prepared from organic acids such as acetic, propionic, succinic, glycolic, stearic, lactic, malic, tartaric, citric, ascorbic, pamoic, maleic, hydroxymaleic, phenylacetic, glutamic, benzoic, salicylic, sulfanilic, 2-acetoxy-benzoic, fumaric, toluenesulfonic, methanesulfonic, ethane disulfonic, oxalic, isethionic, trifluoroacetic and the like.
The pharmaceutically acceptable salts of the compounds of this invention can be synthesized from the compounds of this invention which contain a basic moiety by conventional chemical methods. Generally, the salts are prepared either by ion exchange chromatography or by reacting the free base with stoichiometric amounts or with an excess of the desired salt-forming inorganic or organic acid in a suitable solvent or various combinations of solvents.
Reactions used to generate the compounds of this invention are prepared by employing reactions as shown in the Schemes 1-23, in addition to other standard manipulations such as ester hydrolysis, cleavage of protecting groups, etc., as may be known in the literature or exemplified in the experimental procedures. Substituents R 2
R
6 and
R
8 as shown in the Schemes, represent the substituents
R
2
R
3
R
4
R
5
R
6 and R 8 although only one such R 2
R
6 or R 8 is present in the intermediates and products of the schemes, it is understood that the reactions shown are also applicable when such aryl or heteroaryl moieties contain multiple substituents.
These reactions may be employed in a linear sequence to provide the compounds of the invention or they may be used to synthesize fragments which are subsequently joined by the alkylation reactions described in the Schemes. Other reactions useful in the preparation of heteroaryl moieties are described in "Comprehensive Organic Chemistry, Volume 4: Heterocyclic Compounds" ed. P.G.
Sammes, Oxford (1979) and references therein. Aryl-aryl coupling WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 -43is generally described in "Comprehensive Organic Functional Group Transformations," Katritsky et al. eds., pp 472-473, Pergamon Press (1995).
Synopsis of Schemes 1-23: The requisite intermediates are in some cases commercially available, or can be prepared according to literature procedures, for the most part. Schemes 1-14 illustrate synthesis of the instant arylheteroaryl compound which incorporate a preferred benzylimidazolyl sidechain. Thus, in Scheme 1, for example, a arylheteroaryl intermediate that is not commercially available may be synthesized by methods known in the art. Thus, a suitably substituted pyridyl boronic acid I may be reacted under Suzuki coupling conditions (Pure Appl.
Chem., 63:419 (1991)) with a suitably substituted halogenated benzoic acid, such as 4-bromobenzoic acid, to provide the arylheteroaryl carboxylic acid II. The acid may be reduced and the triflate of the intermediate alcohol HII may be formed in situ and coupled to a suitably substituted benzylimidazolyl IV to provide, after deprotection, the instant compound V.
Schemes 2-5 illustrate other methods of synthesizing the key alcohol intermediates, which can then be processed as described in Scheme 1. Thus, Scheme 2 illustrates the analogous series of arylheteroaryl alcohol forming reactions starting with the halogenated arylaldehyde. The corresponding boronic benzaldehyde may also be employed as illustrated.
Scheme 3 illustrates the reaction wherein the "terminal" heteroaryl moiety is employed in the Suzuki coupling as the halogenated reactant. Such a coupling reaction is also compatible when one of the reactants incorporates a suitably protected hydroxyl functionality as illustrated in Scheme 4.
Negishi chemistry (Org. Synth., 66:67 (1988)) may also be employed to form the arylheteroaryl component of the instant compounds, as shown in Scheme 5. Thus, a suitably substituted zinc bromide adduct may be coupled to a suitably substituted aryl halide WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -44in the presence of nickel (II) to provide the arylheteroaryl VII. The heteroaryl halide and the zinc bromide adduct may be selected based on the availability of the starting reagents.
Scheme 6 illustrates the preparation of the suitably substituted arylheteroaryl methanol from the pyridyltoluene.
Scheme 6a illustrates the preparation of the suitably substituted pyrazinylaryl methanol starting with alanine.
As illustrated in Scheme 7, the sequence of coupling reactions may be modified such that the arylheteroaryl bond is formed last. Thus, a suitably substituted imidazole may first be alkylated with a suitably substituted benzyl halide to provide intermediate
VIII.
Intermediate VIII can then undergo Suzuki type coupling to a suitably substituted heteroaryl boronic acid.
Scheme 8 illustrates synthesis of an instant compound wherein a non-hydrogen R9b is incorporated in the instant compound.
Thus, a readily available 4-substituted imidazole IX may be selectively iodinated to provide the 5-iodoimidazole X. That imidazole may then be protected and coupled to a suitably substituted benzyl moiety to provide intermediate XI. Intermediate XI can then undergo the alkylation reactions that were described hereinabove.
Scheme 9 illustrates synthesis of instant compounds that incorporate a preferred imidazolyl moiety connected to the arylheteroaryl via an alkyl amino, sulfonamide or amide linker. Thus, the 4 -aminoalkylimidazole XII, wherein the primary amine is protected as the phthalimide, is selectively alkylated then deprotected to provide the amine XIII. The amine XIII may then react under conditions well known in the art with various activated arylheteroaryl moieties to provide the instant compounds shown.
Compounds of the instant invention wherein the A (CR a2)nA2(CR 1 a2)n linker is oxygen may be synthesized by methods known in the art, for example as shown in Scheme The suitably substituted phenol XIV may be reacted with methyl N-(cyano)methanimidate to provide the 4 -phenoxyimidazole
XV.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 After selective protection of one of the imidazolyl nitrogens, the intermediate XVI can undergo alkylation reactions as described for the phenylmethylimidazoles hereinabove.
Scheme 11 illustrates an analogous series of reactions wherein the (CRlb2)pX(CRIb 2 )p linker of the instant compounds is oxygen. Thus, a suitably substituted haloaryl alcohol, such as 4-bromophenol, is reacted with methyl N-(cyano)methanimidate to provide intermediate XVI. Intermediate XVI is then protected and, if desired to form a compound of a preferred embodiment, alkylated with a suitably protected benzyl. The intermediate XVII can then be coupled to a heteroaryl moiety by Suzuki chemistry to provide the instant compound.
Compounds of the instant invention wherein the A (CR a2)nA 2 (CR la2)n linker is a substituted methylene may be synthesized by the methods shown in Scheme 12. Thus, the N-protected imidazolyl iodide XVIII is reacted, under Grignard conditions with a suitably protected benzaldehyde to provide the alcohol XIX. Acylation, followed by the alkylation procedure illustrated in the Schemes above (in particular, Scheme 1) provides the instant compound XX. If other
R
1 substituent s are desired, the acetyl moiety can be manipulated as illustrated in the Scheme.
Addition of various nucleophiles to an imidazolyl aldehyde may also be employed to form a substituted alkyl linker between the arylheteroaryl and the preferred W (imidazolyl) as shown in Scheme 14. Thus a halogenated arylheteroaryl, such as 4-(3-pyridyl)bromobenzene, may undergo metal halogen exchange followed by reaction with a suitably substituted imidazolyl aldehyde and acteylation to form the alcohol. Then, similar substituent manipulation as shown in Scheme 13 may be performed on a fully functionalized compound which incorporates an R 2 hydroxyl moiety.
Scheme 14 illustrates the synthesis of a suitably substituted pyrimidinebromobenzene, which may be employed in the reaction illustrated in Scheme 13. This reaction and other reactions useful in WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCTIUS97/05357 46 the preparation of heteroaryl moieties are described in "Comprehensive Organic Chemistry, Volume 4: Heterocyclic Compounds" ed. P.G.
Sammes, Oxford (1979).
SCHEME 1 (H0) 2 B N 3 .Br H0- Pd(PPh 3 4 R6 N LiAIH 4 0 Nj
HO
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 47 SCHEME 1 (continued) Tr Ni CI 2 (P Ph 3 2 ZnBr R 8 Tr
/N
R8
IV
Ri R 6 N3
HO
(CF
3
SO
2 2 0, -78-C NEtiPr 2
CH
2
CI
2 -78OC-20 0
C
Tr 1
R
N
Z,~
N3 \N
I
R 2 5 2 i5 0 C, CH 3 0H R 8
N
N3 R 2 7- V
R
8 WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 48 SCHEME 2
(H)
2 B 'N R Pd(PPh 3 4 NaBH 4 0
HO
R
N
K B(O)2Brf~
N
Pd(PPh 3 4 NEt 3 NaBH 4
N
WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 49 SCHEME 3
B(OH)
2 jN Br Pd(PPh 3 4 MeD LiAIH 4 0 R 6 N6
HO,
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 50
R
3 SiO Br Pd(PPh 3 4
R
3 SiO
HO,,
BU4NF R 6 ~R 6
(HO)
2
B
Pd(P Ph 3 4 R R 6
BU
4
NF
B r
R
3 SiO
R
3 SiO.
HO
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 51 SCH-ME
R
3 SiOI
R
3 SiO HO-~ J jN
R
6 BrZn Ni C 2 (P Ph 3 2 1 R 6
J-
BU
4
NF
N
H
6 Br Ni C1 2 (P Ph 3 2
R
3 Sii N6
R
3 SiO
IBU
4
NF
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 52 SCHEME 6
N
KMnO 4 I LAIH 4
HO
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 53 SCHEME 6a 00 2 0H 3
NH
3
H
3 C NH 2 EtOH
CONH
2
H
3 C 'I"NH 2 0 NaGH
CH
3
CNXCH,
NOH'
Nal/HI 0 Pool 3
H
2 S0 4 N OH 3
H
3 0.
NaBH 4 Pd(OAC) 2
H
3 0 N
N
HO,,
WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 54 SCHEME 7 N ii.MeOH ref lux P d(P Ph 3 4 WO097/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 55 SCHEME 8
H
N
Nal, NaHCO 3 12
N
R 9 b Tr~l, NEt,,
N
R
9 b
T
NiC1 2 (PPhz) 2 I ZnBr R 8
-R
6 Tr
N
R 8 xi OTf i. -78OC-20 0
C
ii. MeOH, ref lux WO 97/36896 PTU9155 PCTIUS97/05357 56 SCHEME 9 0--Y 0
N
N-
I. Br ii. EtOH,80 0 0, NH 2
NH
2 Xli
N
R8N N H 2 xiii acylation, suifonylation or alkylation
R
8 fR
N
N
WO 97/36896 PCTfUS97/05357 .57 SCHEME x 1 \o i, Na, MeOH ii. 12000 13C,
NN
H
NC
XV
Tr TrCl, NEt 3 N
NC
XV'
Tr
IN+
NC
f 4/f
R
6 i. -780C-200C ii. MeOH ref lux OTf
XVI
I
NC WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 58 SCHEME 11 Br-/O i, Na, MeOH ii. 120 0
C
-I
3 C' B R 2
XVI
Tr
N
TrCI, N~0 Br 0 OTf i. -78 0 0-20 0
C
ii. MeOH reflux fB(OH)2 DMF, Pd(PPh 3 4
K
3 p0 4 xviI f -f f f.
Ij 6 'f -f WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCTIUS97/05357 59 SCHEME 12 Tr
\N
XVIII
EtMgBr 0-1\ -0\
R
8
OH
XX
-f Ac 2 O, py
(CF
3
SO
2 2 0, -78-C NEti Pr 2 ,0H 2 C1 2
R
6 N ff LIOH R 2 OAc
R
8
XX
SOC1 2 WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 60 SCHEME 12 (continued) N NH, MeOH RR2 cFl
R
8
R
f WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 61 SCHEME 13 f f fR f A BuLl -1000c 3r N
N
R 0 fA/
R
8 Li
R
6 SCHEME 14 R2 0 CH3 Brb
HCONH
2 WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -62- Schemes 15-24 illustrate reactions wherein the moiety
(R
8 )r (R9 I
I
V A(CRa 2 )nA 2 (CRla 2 )n W (CRlb 2 )p-X.
incorporated in the compounds of the instant invention is represented by other than a substituted imidazole-containing group.
Thus, the intermediates whose synthesis are illustrated in Schemes hereinabove and other arylheteroaryl intermediates obtained commercially or readily synthesized, can be coupled with a variety of aldehydes. The aldehydes can be prepared by standard procedures, such as that described by O. P. Goel, U. Krolls, M. Stier and S. Kesten in Organic Syntheses, 1988, 67, 69-75, from the appropriate amino acid.
Metalation chemistry may be utilized, as shown in Scheme 15, to incorporate the arylheteroaryl moiety. Thus, a suitably substituted arylheteroaryl lithium reagent, prepared in situ, is reacted with an aldehyde to provide the C-alkylated instant compound XXI. Compound XXI can be deoxygenated by methods known in the art, such as a catalytic hydrogention, then deprotected with trifluoroacetic acid in methylene chloride to give the final compound XXII. The final product XXII may be isolated in the salt form, for example, as a trifluoroacetate, hydrochloride or acetate salt, among others. The product diamine XXII can further be selectively protected to obtain XXIII, which can subsequently be reductively alkylated with a second aldehyde to obtain XXIV. Removal of the protecting group, and conversion to cyclized products such as the dihydroimidazole
XXV
can be accomplished by literature procedures.
If the biaryl subunit reagent is reacted with an aldehyde which also has a protected hydroxyl group, such as XXVI in Scheme 16, the protecting groups can be subsequently removed to unmask the hydroxyl group (Schemes 16, 17). The alcohol can be oxidized under standard conditions to e.g. an aldehyde, which can then be reacted with WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -63 a variety of organometallic reagents such as Grignard reagents, to obtain secondary alcohols such as XXX. In addition, the fully deprotected amino alcohol XXXI can be reductively alkylated (under conditions described previously) with a variety of aldehydes to obtain secondary amines, such as XXXII (Scheme 17), or tertiary amines.
The Boc protected amino alcohol XXVIII can also be utilized to synthesize 2 -aziridinylmethylbiaryl such as XXXIII (Scheme 18). Treating XXVIII with 1,1'-sulfonyldiimidazole and sodium hydride in a solvent such as dimethylformamide led to the formation of aziridine XXXIII The aziridine is reacted with a nucleophile, such as a thiol, in the presence of base to yield the ringopened product XXXIV.
In addition, the arylheteroaryl subunit reagent can be reacted with aldehydes derived from amino acids such as O-alkylated tyrosines, according to standard procedures, to obtain compounds such as XL, as shown in Scheme 19. When R' is an aryl group, XL can first be hydrogenated to unmask the phenol, and the amine group deprotected with acid to produce XLI. Alternatively, the amine protecting group in XL can be removed, and O-alkylated phenolic amines such as XLII produced.
Schemes 20-23 illustrate syntheses of suitably substituted aldehydes useful in the syntheses of the instant compounds wherein the variable W is present as a pyridyl moiety. Similar synthetic strategies for preparing alkanols that incorporate other heterocyclic moieties for variable W are also well known in the art.
WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCTIUS97/05357 64 SCHEME R 6 Boo NH R 2 Boc NH>CHO Li R 2 R 6 1. catalytic hydrogenation
CH
2
CI
2 NHBoc V B0 2 0
NH
2
XXII
R2 f fxR
CHO
3ocN V 3ocf HI_ NaBH(OAC) 3
NH
2 Et 3 N ClCH 2
CH
2
CI
XXIII
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97O5357 65 SCHEME 15 (continued) f= fF f- f
NH
XXIV
CF
3 C0 2 H, 0H 2 C1 2 NaHCO 3
*NC
AgCN A
NH
2 fI L f
NH
f-f R 6 f-f N N Kx WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 66 SCHEME 16 f ff Et 2 o BnO HO f A.R 6 f-f NHBoc BnOI BocNH CHO 20% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 0H
CH
3 C0 2
H
f-f R 6 HO >1 CICOCOCI If DMSO CH 2
I
NHBoc 2 5 3 xxviI WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 67 SCHEME 16 (continued) ff R 6 1s R'MgX f -f NHBoc
XXIX
R~ R 6 f- f RNHBoc
XXX
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/US97/05357 68 SCHEMBE17 If o F 3 00 2
H
CH
2
CI
2 NHBoc xxviII
R'CHO
NaB H(OAc) 3
CICH
2
CH
2
CI
NH
2
XXXI
RI 2 6
NH
R'CH
2
XXXII
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 69 SCHEME 18 H H -I-N NN7 /f 02 f f NaH, DMFO 0 1C HBoc xvl
RH
2 f- f R 6 If
(C
2
H
5 3
N
f-f
CH
3 0H
XXXIII
R
2 f- f
NH
2
XXXIV
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 70 SCHEME 19
HO,
1) BoC 2 O, K 2 00 3
THF-H
2 0 2) CH 2
N
2 EtOAc BocNK' C0 2
H
xxxv
CO
2
CH
3 xxxv' LiAIH 4
THF
0-20 0
C
HO
BocNH
CH
2 0H
R"'CH
2
X
CS
2 00 3
DMF
xxxv"l R CH 2 0 BocNH
CH
2 0H xxxvi"' pyrildine S
DMSO
(C
2
H
5 3 N cH CO 2011C oN
CH
IXL
WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 71 SCHEME 19 (continued) Li f~~ Et 2
O
f 'f f 2. 20% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 OH, CH 3 00 2
H
R6 3. HCI, EtOAc I p 2 yl
R'CH
2 0' NHBoc 1) 20% Pd(OH) 2
H
2
CH
3 OH, CH 3 C0 2 1 2) HCI, EtOAc
AL
H1
NH
2 XLI I XLI H R2 WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 72 SCHEME
CH
3 H 2
N
1) HNO 2 ,Br 2 2) KMnO 4 3) MeGH, H+
CO
2
CH
3 Dr'
N
MgCI
R
6 N- CO 2
CH
3 ZnCI 2 ,NiCI 2 (Ph 3 p) 2 NaBH 4 (excess)
H
2
OH
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97Ir05357 73 SCHEME 21 1. EtO(CO)CI 2. R 6 Br Zn, CuCN 3. S, xylene, heat 00 2
CH
3
N
"Nf NaBH 4 (excess)
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
SCH
2 0H DMSO
N'
,CHO
Br,. C0 2
C
N
R
6 C0 2 0H 3 ZnCI 2 NiCI 2 (Ph 3
P)
2 NaBH 4 (excess)
SO
3 'Py, Et 3
N
,CH
2
OH
DMSO
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/US97/05357 74 SCHEME 22 020 H 3 B~r
N
1. LDA, 002 2. MeOH, H+ MgCI ZnO! 2 NiCI 2 (Ph 3
P)
2 NaB H 4 (excess)
SO
3 'Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
CHO
WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT[US97/05357 75 SCHEME 23 IN Br 1. LDA, 002 2. (CH 3 3 SiC'HN 2
CO
2
CH
3 Br R_6 Br Zn, NiCI 2 (Ph 3
P)
2 N 0 2 0H 3 excess NaBH 4 N CH 2 0H
SO
3 -Py, Et 3
N
DMSO
N 1
CHO
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -76- The instant compounds are useful as pharmaceutical a gents for mammals, especially for humans. These compounds may be administered to patients for use in the treatment of cancer. Examples of the type of cancer which may be treated with the compounds of this invention include, but are not limited to, colorectal carcinoma, exocrine pancreatic carcinoma, myeloid leukemias and neurological tumors.
Such tumors may arise by mutations in the ras genes themselves, mutations in the proteins that can regulate Ras activity neurofibromin neu, scr, abl, Ick, fyn) or by other mechanisms.
The compounds of the instant invention inhibit famesylprotein transferase and the famesylation of the oncogene protein Ras.
The instant compounds may also inhibit tumor angiogenesis, thereby affecting the growth of tumors Rak et al. Cancer Research, 55:4575- 4580 (1995)). Such anti-angiogenesis properties of the instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment of certain forms of blindness related to retinal vascularization.
The compounds of this invention are also useful for inhibiting other proliferative diseases, both benign and malignant, wherein Ras proteins are aberrantly activated as a result of oncogenic mutation in other genes the Ras gene itself is not activated by mutation to an oncogenic form) with said inhibition being accomplished by the administration of an effective amount of the compounds of the invention to a mammal in need of such treatment. For example, a component of NF-1 is a benign proliferative disorder.
The instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment of certain viral infections, in particular in the treatment of hepatitis delta and related viruses Glenn et al. Science, 256:1331-1333 (1992).
The compounds of the instant invention are also useful in the prevention of restenosis after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty by inhibiting neointimal formation Indolfi et al. Nature medicine, 1:541-545(1995).
The instant compounds may also be useful in the treatment and prevention of polycystic kidney disease Schaffner et al.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -77- American Journal of Pathology, 142:1051-1060 (1993) and B. Cowley, Jr. et al.FASEB Journal, 2:A3160 (1988)).
The instant compounds may also be useful for the treatment of fungal infections.
The compounds of this invention may be administered to mammals, preferably humans, either alone or, preferably, in combination with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents, optionally with known adjuvants, such as alum, in a pharmaceutical composition, according to standard pharmaceutical practice. The compounds can be administered orally or parenterally, including the intravenous, intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, rectal and topical routes of administration.
For oral use of a chemotherapeutic compound according to this invention, the selected compound may be administered, for example, in the form of tablets or capsules, or as an aqueous solution or suspension. In the case of tablets for oral use, carriers which are commonly used include lactose and corn starch, and lubricating agents, such as magnesium stearate, are commonly added. For oral administration in capsule form, useful diluents include lactose and dried corn starch. When aqueous suspensions are required for oral use, the active ingredient is combined with emulsifying and suspending agents.
If desired, certain sweetening and/or flavoring agents may be added.
For intramuscular, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous and intravenous use, sterile solutions of the active ingredient are usually prepared, and the pH of the solutions should be suitably adjusted and buffered. For intravenous use, the total concentration of solutes should be controlled in order to render the preparation isotonic.
The compounds of the instant invention may also be co-administered with other well known therapeutic agents that are selected for their particular usefulness against the condition that is being treated. For example, the instant compounds may be useful in combination with known anti-cancer and cytotoxic agents. Similarly, the instant compounds may be useful in combination with agents that are effective in the treatment and prevention of NF-1, restinosis, polycystic WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -78 kidney disease, infections of hepatitis delta and related viruses and fungal infections.
If formulated as a fixed dose, such combination products employ the compounds of this invention within the dosage range described below and the other pharmaceutically active agent(s) within its approved dosage range. Compounds of the instant invention may alternatively be used sequentially with known pharmaceutically acceptable agent(s) when a combination formulation is inappropriate.
The present invention also encompasses a pharmaceutical composition useful in the treatment of cancer, comprising the administration of a therapeutically effective amount of the compounds of this invention, with or without pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or diluents. Suitable compositions of this invention include aqueous solutions comprising compounds of this invention and pharmacologically acceptable carriers, saline, at a pH level, 7.4. The solutions may be introduced into a patient's blood-stream by local bolus injection.
As used herein, the term "composition" is intended to encompass a product comprising the specified ingredients in the specific amounts, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination of the specific ingredients in the specified amounts.
When a compound according to this invention is administered into a human subject, the daily dosage will normally be determined by the prescribing physician with the dosage generally varying according to the age, weight, and response of the individual patient, as well as the severity of the patient's symptoms.
In one exemplary application, a suitable amount of compound is administered to a mammal undergoing treatment for cancer. Administration occurs in an amount between about 0.1 mg/kg of body weight to about 60 mg/kg of body weight per day, preferably of between 0.5 mg/kg of body weight to about 40 mg/kg of body weight per day.
The compounds of the instant invention are also useful as a component in an assay to rapidly determine the presence and WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -79quantity of famesyl-protein transferase (FPTase) in a composition.
Thus the composition to be tested may be divided and the two portions contacted with mixtures which comprise a known substrate of FPTase (for example a tetrapeptide having a cysteine at the amine terminus) and famesyl pyrophosphate and, in one of the mixtures, a compound of the instant invention. After the assay mixtures are incubated for an sufficient period of time, well known in the art, to allow the FPTase to famesylate the substrate, the chemical content of the assay mixtures may be determined by well known immunological, radiochemical or chromatographic techniques.
Because the compounds of the instant invention are selective inhibitors of FPTase, absence or quantitative reduction of the amount of substrate in the assay mixture without the compound of the instant invention relative to the presence of the unchanged substrate in the assay containing the instant compound is indicative of the presence of FPTase in the composition to be tested.
It would be readily apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that such an assay as described above would be useful in identifying tissue samples which contain famesyl-protein transferase and quantitating the enzyme. Thus, potent inhibitor compounds of the instant invention may be used in an active site titration assay to determine the quantity of enzyme in the sample. A series of samples composed of aliquots of a tissue extract containing an unknown amount of farnesylprotein transferase, an excess amount of a known substrate of FPTase (for example a tetrapeptide having a cysteine at the amine terminus) and farnesyl pyrophosphate are incubated for an appropriate period of time in the presence of varying concentrations of a compound of the instant invention. The concentration of a sufficiently potent inhibitor one that has a Ki substantially smaller than the concentration of enzyme in the assay vessel) required to inhibit the enzymatic activity of the sample by 50% is approximately equal to half of the concentration of the enzyme in that particular sample.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357
EXAMPLES
Examples provided are intended to assist in a further understanding of the invention. Particular materials employed, species and conditions are intended to be further illustrative of the invention and not limitative of the reasonable scope thereof.
EXAMPLE 1 1-(4-[Pyrid- 2 -yl]phenylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole hydrochloride salt Step A: -Tritvl-4-(4-cvanobenzvl)-imidazole To a suspension of activated zinc dust (3.57g, 54.98 mmol) in THF (50 mL)was added dibromoethane (0.315 mL, 3.60 mmol) and the reaction stirred for 45 minutes under argon at 200C.
The suspension was cooled to 0°C and a-bromo-p-tolunitrile (9.33g, 47.6 mmol) in THF (100 mL) was added dropwise over a period of minutes. The reaction was then allowed to stir at 20 0 C for 6 hours and bis(triphenylphosphine)Nickel II chloride 2 .40g, 3.64 mmol) and 4iodo-1-tritylimidazole (15.95g, 36.6 mmol, S. V. Ley, et al., J. Org.
Chem. 56, 5739 (1991)) were added in one portion. The resulting mixture was stirred 16 hours at 20 0 C and then quenched by addition of saturated NH4C1 solution (100 mL) and the mixture stirred for 2 hours.
Saturated aq. NaHCO3 solution was added to give a pH of 8 and the solution was extracted with EtOAc (2 x 250 mL), dried, (MgSO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed (Silica gel, 0-20% EtOAc in CH2C12) to afford the title compound as a white solid.
1 H NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 8 (7.54 (2H, d, J=7.9Hz), 7.38(1H, s), 7.36-7.29 (11H, 7.15-7.09(6H, 6.58(1H, and 3.93(2H, s)ppm.
Step B: 4-(Pvrid-2-vl)benzoic acid WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 81 A suspension of 2 -(p-tolyl)pyridine 2 .00g, 11.8 mmol) and potassium permanganate (5.60g, 35.5 mmol), in water (25 mL) was heated at reflux for 2 hours. The reaction was allowed to cool to ambient temperature and filtered through celite to remove the solids.
Acetic acid (1 mL) was added to the colorless filtrate and the product was collected as a white solid by filtration.
1H NMR (CD30D, 400MHz) 8 8.65(1H, dt, J=4.7 and 1.4Hz), 8.13(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 8.05(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.97-7.90(2H, m) and 7.41(1H, q, J=4.8Hz) ppm.
Step C: 4 -(Pvrid-2-vl)benzvl alcohol To a solution of 4 -(pyrid-2-yl)benzoic acid(1.01 g, 5.09 mmol) in tetrahydrofuran (15 mL) at 0°C was added 1.0 M lithium aluminum hydride in tetrahydrofuran (5.09 mL, 5.09 mmol) over minutes. The reaction was allowed to stir at ambient temperature for 3 hours, cooled to 0°C, and quenched by dropwise addition of water (0.25 mL), 4 N aq. NaOH (0.25 mL), and water (0.75 mL). The reaction was filtered through a pad of Celite and the filtrate evaporated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed (silica gel, 4-8% MeOH in CH2C12) to afford the title compound.
IH NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 6 8.69(1H, dt, J=4.4 and 1.4Hz), 7.99(2H, d, J=8.4Hz), 7.80-7.70(2H, 7.47(2H, d, J=8.2Hz), 7.23(1H, m) 4.76(2H, d, J=6.1Hz) and 1.77(1H, m) ppm.
Step D: 1-( 4 -[Pyrid-2-yl]phenylmethyl)-5-(4cvanobenzvl)imidazole hvdrochloride salt To a solution of 4 -(pyrid-2-yl)benzyl alcohol (500 mg, 2.70 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (0.517 mL, 2.97 mmol) in dichloromethane (15 mL) at -78°C was added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.500 mL, 2.97 mmol) and the mixture stirred at -78 0
C
for 1 hour. To this mixture was added a solution of 1-trityl-4-(4cyanobenzyl)imidazole (1.15g 2.70 mmol) in dichloromethane mL). The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -82stirred for 2 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methanol (50 mL), heated at reflux for 1 hour, and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and sat. aq. NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was dried, (Na2SO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The residue was chromatographed (silica gel, 0-4% NH40H in CH2C12) and further purified by preparative HPLC, (gradient elution, 95 :5 to 5:95% water:acetonitrile containing 0.1% trifluoroacetic acid) to afford the trifluoroacetic acid salt. The salt was partitioned between EtOAc and saturated NaHCO3 solution, the organic layer dried, (Na2SO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo to afford the imidazole. The amine was converted to the HCI salt by treatment with 1.OM HCI in aqueous acetonitrile. Evaporation of the solvent in vacuo afforded the title compound as a white solid.
FAB MS 418 (MH+) 1 H NMR (CD30D, 400MHz) 5 9.19(1H, 8.87(1H, d, J=5.9Hz), 8.70(1H, dt, J=0.4 and 6.6Hz), 8.40(IH, d, J=8.2Hz), 8.08(IH, brt, J=6.4Hz), 7.88(2H, d, J=8.6Hz), 7.53(2H, d, J=8.4Hz), 7.51(1H, s), 7.38(2H, d, J=8.4Hz), 7.26(2H, d, J=8.4Hz), 5.60(2H, s) and 4.20(2H, s) ppm.
EXAMPLE 2 3 -Methylpyrazin-2-yl]phenylmethyl)-5-(4- 2 cyanobenzyl)imidazole hydrochloride salt Step A: 4 3 -Methyl-pyrazin-2-vl)-benzaldehyde To a 100 ml round bottomed flask with stirring bar and an argon inlet was added Pd(OAc) 2 (.036g, .15 mmol), bisdiphenylphosphinoferrocene (DPPF, .12g, .2mmol), andl5 ml of DMF were heated to 500 for 15 minutes. Cooled the reaction to room temperature then added 2 -iodo- 3 -methyl-pyrazine (1.2g, 5.4 mmol)(5). (a prep from Albert Hirschberg et al. J.Org. Chem. June,1961 pl907- 1912) and 4 -formylbenzenboronic acid (.90g, 6.0 mmol) and Et3N (1.05ml, 7.5 mmol). The mixture was heated to 90°C for 10 h.
Removed solvent in vacuo, taken up with CHC13 and washed with WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 83 diluted NH40H. The organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 filtered and concentrated to yield a black oil. This material was chromatographed (silica gel, 30% EtOAc/Hexane) to affort the title product.
1H NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 5 2.65(s,lH), 7.76(d, J=8.0Hz, 2H), 8.0(d,J=2.5Hz, 2H), 8.51(m, 2H), 10.11 H).
Step B: 4-(3-methyl-pyrazin-2-vl)-phenyl-methanol To a solution from step A (.14g, .70mmol) in 5 ml of methanol was added NaBH4 (.067g, 1.76 mmol) in one portion. The reaction was stirred at ambient temperature for 0.5 h Quenched the reaction with 2 ml of 2 N HC1. Concentrated in vacuo then basified with 20% NaOH. Extracted the aliquot with EtOAc. Drying (MgSO4), filtration and removal of the solvent gave the title product.
1H NMR (CDC13, 400MHz) 5 2.64(s,3H), 4.78(s, 2H), 7.48(d,J=7.69Hz, 2H), 7.58(d, J=7.897Hz, 2H), 8.48(dd, J=2.2, 14.6Hz, 2H).
Step C: 3 -Methylpyrazin-2-yl]phenylmethyl)-5-(4cvanobenzvl) imidazole hydrochloride salt To a solution of 4 3 -methyl-pyrazin-2-yl)-phenyl]methanol (.14g, .70 mmol) and diisopropylethylamine (.183 mL, 1.05 mmol) in CH2C12 (3 mL) at -78 0 C was added trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.176 mL, 1.05 mmol) and the mixture stirred at -78 0 C for lh. To this mixture was added a solution of 1-trityl- 4 4 -cyanobenzyl)imidazole 2 98g .70 mmol) in CH 2 Cl 2 (2 mL).
The mixture was allowed to warm to ambient temperature and stirred for 24 hours. The solvent was evaporated in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methanol (5 mL), heated at reflux for 4 hour, removal of solvent in vacuo. The residue was partitioned between CH2C12 and sat. aq. NaHCO3 solution. The organic layer was dried, (MgSO4) and the solvent evaporated in vacuo. The WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -84residue was chromatographed (Silica gel, 0-5% 2-propanol in ammonia saturated CHC13). The amine was converted to the HCI salt by treatment with 4.0M HCI in 1,4 dioxane. Evaporation of the solvent in vacuo and triturated with EtOAc to afford the title compound as a light yellow solid.
1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 400MHz) 8 2.5(s, 3H), 4.1(s, 2H), 2H), 7.26(dd, J=8.0,8.2Hz, 4H), 7.55(d, J=8.2Hz, 3H), 7.68(d, J=8.2Hz, 2H), 8.55(d, J=9.9Hz, 2H), 9.29(s, 1H).
EXAMPLE 3 1-( 4 -(Pyrimidinyl-5-yl)phenylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole hydrochloride salt Step A: A solution of Pd(OAc) 2 (0.17 mmol, 38 mg), bisdiphenylphosphinoferrocene (DPPF, 0.23 mmol, 125 mg), and DMF were heated to 500 for 15 minutes. The reaction mixture was cooled. 4-Formyl-benzeneboronic acid (6.93 mmol, 1.Og), bromopyridine (6.3 mmol, 1.0 and Net 3 (8.2 mmol; 1.11 mL) were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 900 overnight.
The reaction mixture was concentrated to yield a gummy oil. Flash chromatography (EtOAc) yielded 1-3 contaminated with a small amount of 1-1 The tan solid was taken up in EtOAc and washed with saturated NaHCO 3 and brine. The organic layer was dried (MgSO 4 filtered and concentrated to afford the title compound as an off-white solid.
'H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl 3 8 10.11 1H); 9.28 IH); 9.02 (s, 2H); 8.05 2H); 7.77 2H).
Step B: (1.89 mmol, 350 mg) was dissolved in MeOH. NaBH 4 (9.4 mmol, 357 mg) was added and the reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature overnight.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 85 The reaction mixture was cooled to 0° and 9M HCI (0.25 mL) was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred for one half hour.
The reaction mixture was then basified with 20% NaOH EtOAc and H 2 0 were added and the layers were separated. The aqueous layer was back extracted with EtOAc The organic layers were combined, washed with brine, dried (MgSO 4 filtered and concentrated to yield a tan solid. Flash chromatography (EtOAc) afforded the title compound as a white solid.
H NMR (400 MHz, CDCl3) 8 9.21 1H); 8.95 2H); 7.59-7.55 4H); 4.80 2H).
Step C: 1-(4-(Pyrimidinyl-5-yl)phenylmethyl)-5-(4cvanobenzyl)imidazole hydrochloride salt In oven dried glassware: phenyl-methanol (0.823 mmol, 150 mg) was dissolved in dry
CH
2 C1 2 Diisopropylethylamine (0.91 mmol, 0.158 mL) was added and the reaction mixture was cooled to -78o. Triflic anhydride (0.91 mmol, 0.153 mL) was added dropwise and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at 1-5 was added in dry CH 2 C1 2 via syringe.
The resulting homogeneous solution was stirred at -780 for minutes, then at room temperature for 5 hours. The CH 2 C1 2 was removed in-vacuo and the residue was refluxed in MeOH for 1 hour and then stirred ar room temperature overnight. The reaction mixture was diluted with EtOAc and washed with NaHCO 3 and brine. The organic layer was dried (Na 2
SO
4 filtered and concentrated to yield a brown solid. This material was purified by preperative HPLC followed by flash chromatography. The pruduct was eluted with a MeOH/CHCI 3 (saturated with NH 3 The resulting white solid was converted to the HCI salt to afford the title compound as a white solid.
'H NMR (400 MHz, CDC13) 8 9.09 2H); 7.77 IH); 7.67-7.65 4H); 7.22 2H); 7.09 2H); 6.75 1H); 5.18 2H) 3.96 2H).
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 86 EXAMPLE 4 In vitro inhibition of ras famesyl transferase Assays of farnesyl-protein transferase. Partially purified bovine FPTase and Ras peptides (Ras-CVLS, Ras-CVIM and Ras-CAIL) were prepared as described by Schaber et al., J. Biol. Chem. 265:14701- 14704 (1990), Pompliano, et al., Biochemistry 31:3800 (1992) and Gibbs et al., PNAS U.S.A. 86:6630-6634 (1989), respectively. Bovine FPTase was assayed in a volume of 100 gl containing 100 mM N-(2hydroxy ethyl) piperazine-N'-(2-ethane sulfonic acid) (HEPES), pH 7.4, mM MgC12, 5 mM dithiothreitol (DTT), 100 mM 3 H]-famesyl diphosphate 3 H]-FPP; 740 CBq/mmol, New England Nuclear), 650 nM Ras-CVLS and 10 gg/ml FPTase at 31 °C for 60 min. Reactions were initiated with FPTase and stopped with 1 ml of 1.0 M HCL in ethanol. Precipitates were collected onto filter-mats using a TomTec Mach II cell harvestor, washed with 100% ethanol, dried and counted in an LKB P-plate counter. The assay was linear with respect to both substrates, FPTase levels and time; less than 10% of the 3 H]-FPP was utilized during the reaction period. Purified compounds were dissolved in 100% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and were diluted 20-fold into the assay. Percentage inhibition is measured by the amount of incorporation of radioactivity in the presence of the test compound when compared to the amount of incorporation in the absence of the test compound.
Human FPTase was prepared as described by Omer et al., Biochemistry 32:5167-5176 (1993). Human FPTase activity was assayed as described above with the exception that 0.1% (w/v) polyethylene glycol 20,000, 10 tM ZnC1 2 and 100 nM Ras-CVIM were added to the reaction mixture. Reactions were performed for 30 min., stopped with 100 gl of 30% trichloroacetic acid (TCA) in ethanol and processed as described above for the bovine enzyme.
The compounds of the instant invention described in the above Example 1 was tested for inhibitory activity against human
I
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -87- FPTase by the assay described above and were found to have IC50 of gM.
EXAMPLE In vivo ras faresvlation assay The cell line used in this assay is a v-ras line derived from either Ratl or NIH3T3 cells, which expressed viral Ha-ras p21. The assay is performed essentially as described in DeClue, J.E. et al., Cancer Research 51:712-717, (1991). Cells in 10 cm dishes at 50-75% confluency are treated with the test compound (final concentration of solvent, methanol or dimethyl sulfoxide, is After 4 hours at 37 0 C, the cells are labelled in 3 ml methionine-free DMEM supplemeted with 10% regular DMEM, 2% fetal bovine serum and 400 mCi[35S]methionine (1000 Ci/mmol). After an additional 20 hours, the cells are lysed in 1 ml lysis buffer NP40/20 mM HEPES, pH 7.5/5 mM MgCl2/1mM DTT/10 mg/ml aprotinen/2 mg/ml leupeptin/2 mg/ml mM PMSF) and the lysates cleared by centrifugation at 100,000 x g for 45 min. Aliquots of lysates containing equal numbers of acid-precipitable counts are bought to 1 ml with IP buffer (lysis buffer lacking DTT) and immunoprecipitated with the ras-specific monoclonal antibody Y13-259 (Furth, M.E. et al., J. Virol. 43:294-304, (1982)). Following a 2 hour antibody incubation at 4 0 C, 200 ml of a suspension of protein A-Sepharose coated with rabbit anti rat IgG is added for 45 min. The immunoprecipitates are washed four times with IP buffer (20 nM HEPES, pH 7.5/1 mM EDTA/1% Triton X- 100.0.5% deoxycholate/0.1%/SDS/0.1 M NaCI) boiled in SDS-PAGE sample buffer and loaded on 13% acrylamide gels. When the dye front reached the bottom, the gel is fixed, soaked in Enlightening, dried and autoradiographed. The intensities of the bands corresponding to farnesylated and nonfamesylated ras proteins are compared to determine the percent inhibition of farnesyl transfer to protein.
WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 88 EXAMPLE 6 In vivo growth inhibition assay To determine the biological consequences of FPTase inhibition, the effect of the compounds of the instant invention on the anchorage-independent growth of Ratl cells transformed with either a v-ras, v-raf, or v-mos oncogene is tested. Cells transformed by v-Raf and v-Mos maybe included in the analysis to evaluate the specificity of instant compounds for Ras-induced cell transformation.
Rat 1 cells transformed with either v-ras, v-raf, or v-mos are seeded at a density of 1 x 104 cells per plate (35 mm in diameter) in a 0.3% top agarose layer in medium A (Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum) over a bottom agarose layer Both layers contain 0.1% methanol or an appropriate concentration of the instant compound (dissolved in methanol at 1000 times the final concentration used in the assay).
The cells are fed twice weekly with 0.5 ml of medium A containing 0.1% methanol or the concentration of the instant compound.
Photomicrographs are taken 16 days after the cultures are seeded and comparisons are made.
Claims (9)
1. A compound which inhibits famesyl-protein transferase of the formula A: f V A 1 (CR 1 a 2)nA 2 (CRl (CR 1b 2 )p X -(CR lb; wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f's are independently CR 6 R Ia and R Ib are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 100-, R I IS(O)m-, R I R I IC(0)0-, (R lO)2NC(O)-, R'1 0 2N-C(NRl10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'1O)2, or R I I 0C(O)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, RIO0-, RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, (R 1 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I I0C(O)-NR R 2 R 3 R 4 a) and R 5 are independently selected from: hydrogen, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 90 b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-Cj 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R' IIS(0)m-, R I C(0)NR 1 (R 1 02NC(0)-, R I I C(0)0-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, or RI I 0C(0)NR c) unsubstituted C1I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R 1 I C(0)NR
10-, (R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 and each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3.-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 0-, R I IS(0)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 (R 10 R I IC(0)0-, R 102N-C(NR10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 )2, or R I I0C(0)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted ClI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I S R' I C(0)NR 1 (R I R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I I OC(0).NR or WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 91 any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-. -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R 7 is selected from: H; Ci -4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloal-kyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) Cl-4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) -YR 0 f) -S0 2 R 11 g) N(R 10)2 or h) C1-4 perfluoroalkyl; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, R 10 R I R IOC(O)NR (R 1 )2NC(O)-, RlIO2N-C(NR 10), CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 or R I 10OC(O)NRI10-, and c) C I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, cyanophenyl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, perfluoroalkyl, F, WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 92 Cl, Br, R 100-, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NH-, (R 10 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or RI 0 0C(O)NH-; provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C1I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, RHIO10, R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR (R I R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 or R I I OC(O)NR 10-, and C) C I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by perfinoroalkyl, F, Cl, Br, RIO0-, RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -NR.102,or R I I OC(O)NR RIO is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; Ri 1 is independently selected from ClI -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, C I -C6 aralkyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, Cj -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-.aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NRIO-, -NRIOC(O)-, 0, -N(RIO)-, -S (0)2N(R -N(R I 0 )S or S (O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -93 b) heterocycle, c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; W is a heterocycle; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, O, -C(O)NR 7 -NR 7 -C(O)NR 7 -NR 7 -S(0)2N(R 1 -N(R10)S(0)2- or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; qis 0, 1, 2 or 3; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; and tis 0 or 1; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 2. The compound according to Claim 1 of the formula A: WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 94 fI f V-A1(C R'a 2 R'a 2 )nK W7(CR 2)p X Rl 2 )p A wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently CR 6 ;7 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R 10 F or C I-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RIO)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 1 0 0- and -N(R 1 O)2; R 2 R 3 R 4 a) b) and R 5 are independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1
20-, R I R' I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I IOC(O)NR WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97105357 95 c) d) each R 6 is a) b) unsubstituted Ci -C6 alkyl; substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CI0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20-, RI' R' 0 C(0)NRIO0., (RI R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R 1 I 0 N3, -N(R 10)2, an'd R' 11OC(0)-NR independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 R I IS(O)m-, R I OC(0)NR' 10, (R 1 0 R 1 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(O)NR unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl; substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the ,substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R 1 I C(0)NR (R 1 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I OC(0)-NR 1 or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 R 3 R 4 R 5 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring WO 97/36896 PCTIUJS97/05357 96 respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R 7 is selected from: H; C1-4 alkyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl, heterocycle, aryl, aroyl, heteroaroyl, arylsulfonyl, heteroarylsulfonyl, unsubstituted or substituted with: a) C 1-4 alkoxy, b) aryl or heterocycle, c) halogen, d) HO, e) R 0 f) S 2 1 g) N(R'10)2 or h) C 1 perfluoroalkyl; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, C I -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 00-, R 1 I C(O)NRI 10, CN, N02, (R I %2N-C(NR R I -N(R 10 or R IIOC(O)NRl10-, and c) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 0-, R I OC(O)NR 10-, (R 1 Q2N-C(NR R I OC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I I0C(O)NR provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, RI 10-, RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, (RIO)2NC(O)-, WO 97/36896 PCTfUS97/05357 97 CN, N02, (R I 0 )2N-C(NRi10)-, R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I IOC(O)NR 10-, and C) C I -C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 10 R II 1 S(O)m R IOC(O)NRlO0- (R I 0 CN, (R I 0%2N-C(NR 10Oy, R I OC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R I R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R I I s independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, C I -C6 aralkyl, C I -C6 substituted aralkyl, C I -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl; AI and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -CZ-C-, -C(O)NR 10-, 0, -N(R or S (O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C I -C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if A is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n isO0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to AlI is through a substitutable ring carbon; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 98 W is a heterocycle selected from pyrrolidmyl, irnidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, triazolyl or isoquinolinyl; X is a bond, 0, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR 7 -NR 7 -NR 7 -S(O)2N(R -N(Ri 1 or M is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; q is 0, 1, 2or 3; p is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 .when t is 0Oorl1; V is hydrogen; and or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 3. The compound according to Claim 1 of the formula B: (R 8 )r RaR2 f f/f V -A1(CR'a 2 )A 2 (C R 1a 2 N N R9bZ bR D (C Rlb 2 wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently CR 6 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3 -C 10 cycloalkyl, RIO0-, F or CI-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCTIUS97/05357 99 a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, RIO0-, -N(RlO)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 1 0 0- and -N(R' 0 )2; R 2 and R 3 a) b) are independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 R I 1 R 1 I C(0)NR (R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I I OC(0)NR unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(0)-NR each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R1 1 OC(0)NR 1 0-, c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357
100- d) substituted C1-C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R120-, R 11 R 0C(O)NR 10, (R 10)2NC(0)-, R 1 0 2N-C(NR10)-, CN, R 10 N3, -N(R 10 and Rl OC(O)-NR 10; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 R 3 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 R 3 or R 6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, CI-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, CI, R 1 00-, R 10C()NR 10, CN, N02, (R10)2N-C(NR 10 R 10 -N(R 10 or R 1 1 0C(0)NR10-, and c) C1-C6 alkyl substituted by CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-, R OC(0)NR 10 (RI 0 )2N-C(NR R OC(O)-, -N(R10)2, or R 11OC(O)NR10_; provided that when R8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 101 R 1 1 is independently selected from CI-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A 1 and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NRIO-, -NR 1 0, or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from O, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if A 1 is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NRO0-, -NR1OC(0)-, -NR10-, O or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; pis 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357
102- or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 4. The compound according to Claim 1 of the formula C: f-f I. \\f (R 8 )r R 2 -f N RR 3 V- Ala(CR 1 2 )nA 2 (CR 2 )n N 3 C R9b (CR pb 2 wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 Ria is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-CI0 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R 10 F or Cl-C6 alkyl; R 1 b is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R 1 0 F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) unsubstituted or substituted C -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, R 10 0- and -N(R 10 )2; R 2 and R 3 are independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 R l 1 RIOC(O)NR10-, CN(R10)2NC(O)-, WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCT/US97/05357 103 each R 6 is a) b) c) d) R 102N-C(NRl10)-, CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I I OC(O)NR unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I RI OC'(O)NR (R 10b2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R II OC(O)-NR independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 12 R I 1 R IOC(O)NR 10-, CN(R'O0)2NC(O)-, R 1 02N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'10)2, or R I IOC(O)NR unsubstituted ClI-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 RI IS(O)m-, RIOC(O)NRIO-, (RIO)2NC(O)-, R 1 02N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I I0C(O)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and (CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 R 3 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 R 3 or R 6 to the phenyl WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357
104- ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R 8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, Cl -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 00-, R10C(0)NR 10, CN, N02, (R 0 )2N-C(NR RIOC(O)-, -N(R 10 or R 1 IOC(O)NR 10 and c) C1-C6 alkyl substituted by C -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R100-, R10C(0)NR10-, (RIO)2N-C(NR R 10 -N(R10)2, or RI IOC(O)NR provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R9a and R9b are independently hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, trifluoromethyl and halogen; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, Cl-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 1 is independently selected from C1-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, C1-C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, Cl-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; A 1 and A 2 are independently selected from: a bond, -CH=CH-, -CTC-, -C(0)NR 10-, O, -N(R or S(O)m; V is selected from: a) hydrogen, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 105 b) heterocycle selected from pyrrolidinyl, imidazolyl, imidazolinyl, pyridinyl, thiazolyl, oxazolyl, indolyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, triazolyl and thienyl, c) aryl, d) C1-C20 alkyl wherein from 0 to 4 carbon atoms are replaced with a heteroatom selected from 0, S, and N, and e) C2-C20 alkenyl, and provided that V is not hydrogen if Al is S(O)m and V is not hydrogen if Al is a bond, n is 0 and A 2 is S(O)m; provided that when V is heterocycle, attachment of V to R 8 and to Al is through a substitutable ring carbon; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR10-, -NRIOC(O)-, -NR 1 O or m is 0, 1 or 2; n is independently 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NR 10 -NR 10 or 0; and r is 0 to 5, provided that r is 0 when V is hydrogen; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound according to Claim 3 of the formula D: f f R9a f 1(CR1a )N R SR9b 7 R 3 (CR12)-X R8 n wherein: WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 106 from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and. the remaining f s are independently CR 6 R Ia is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl or ClI-C6 alkyl; R I b is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIO0-, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, c) C1I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 10)2; R 2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'0)2, or R I I0C(0)NR10- 1 c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, d) substituted CI -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CJI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R 3 is selected from H, halogen, ClI-C6 alkyl and CF3; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 107 each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R' IIS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R'1O)2, or R I I0C(O)NR unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted CI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6,alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 12 R' IIS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 1 (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 10)2, and R I IOC(O)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to formn a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R8 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, CI-C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, Cl-C6 perfiuoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 R 1 I C(O)NR CN, N02, (RI1 0 )2N-C(NR R IOC(0)-, -N(R 1 0 or R I IOC(0)NR 10-, and C) C1I-C6 alkyl substituted by C I-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 10 0-, R 1 I C(O)Nk (RI 0 )2N-C(NR R I OC(0)-, 102,or R I I0C(0)NR 10-1 WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 108 provided that when R 8 is heterocycle, attachment of R 8 to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 1 is independently selected from Cl-C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, Cl-C6 alkyl, C1-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, C -C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, Ci-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; Al is selected from: a bond, O, or S(O)m; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NR I -NR1OC(O)-, -NRIO-, O or n is 0 or 1; provided that n is not 0 if A is a bond, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; and pis 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 6. The compound according to Claim 4 of the formula E: WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCT/US97/05357 109 f R1(C N E wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f's are independently CR 6 RIa is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 0 -N(RIO)2, F, C3-ClO cycloalkyl or Cl-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, RIOO-, -N(RIO)2, F or C2-C6 alkenyl, C) CI-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, RIO0-, or -N(R 10)2; R 2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted hetero cycle, C3 -CI 0 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 peffluoroalkyl, R 12 R I IS(O)m-, R IOC(O)NR 10-, (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R IIOC(O)NR c) unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357
110- d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 R I R 1 I C(O)NR (RI 1 R 1 0 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R I I0C(0)-NR R 3 is selected from H, halogen, C I-C6 alkyl and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3 7 C10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R' IIS(0)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 10 R I 0 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'O0)2, or R I IOC(0)NR 1 0- c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C1-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 2 R I IS(O)m-, R I C(O)NR 10-, (R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, and R I I0C(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R6to the phenyl ring, or WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a .substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; RS is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, substituted aryl, heterocycle, Ci -C6 alkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, F, Cl, R 1 00., R 1 I C(O)NRI 10, CN, N02, (R I 0 )2N-C(NR R IOC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R IIOC(0)NR 10-, and C) C I-C6 alkyl substituted by ClI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 0-, Ri I C(0)NR (R 10b2N-C(NR R I OC(O)-, -N(R 10)2, or R' I IC(O)NR provided that when RS is heterocycle, attachment of RS to V is through a substitutable ring carbon; R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; Rl I is independently selected from C I-C6 alkyl. and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, ClI -C6 aralkyl, Ci -C6 substituted aralkyl, Cl -C6 heteroaralkyl, ClI -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, CI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(0)NR 10-, -NR I -NR 10-, 0 or n is 0Oori1; m is 0, 1or 2;and V I WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 -112- p is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, provided that p is not 0 if X is a bond, -NR10- or O; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 7. The compound according to Claim 5 of the formula F: f R9a f N R f/ R'l a 2 N R9b W ^R 3 (CRlb 2 )p-X NC F wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining fs are independently CR 6 Ria is independently selected from: hydrogen, C3-C10 cycloalkyl or C1-C6 alkyl; Rib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 -N(R 10 )2 or F, c) C1-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, R 10 or -N(RO0)2; selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 R 2 is WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357 113 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, Ci -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120-., R I R' I C(0)NR (R I 0)2NC(0)-, R 10 2N-C(NR CN, N02, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R'1O)2, or R I I0C(0)NR c) unsubstituted C I-C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted ClI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-Ci10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 aikynyl, R 12 R I 1 S R I C(O)NR 10-, (R 1 0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R IOC(0)-, N3, -N(R 10 and R 3 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 0 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R' I IC(0)NR c) unsubstituted ClI -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 120-, RI RI'C(0)NRI10., (Ri 0 RiO02N..C(NRI10)-, CN, R I N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(O)-NR or L WO 97/36896 PCT/US97/05357 -114- any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 R 3 or R6 to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 1 0 is independently selected from hydrogen, CI-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; R 1 1 is independently selected from C -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 12 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-C6 alkyl, Cl-C6 aralkyl, C1-C6 substituted aralkyl, Cl-C6 heteroaralkyl, Cl-C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl; X is a bond, -CH=CH-, -C(O)NRIO-, -NR10C(O)-, -NRlO-, O or m is 0, 1 or 2; and pis 0, 1, 2, 3 or4; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 8. The compound according to Claim 6 of the formula G: WO 97/36896 WO 9736896PCTIUS97/05357 115 Nf R 9 b f~R~ N C /l Rb A'(CRla 2 )n Rb G wherein: from 1-3 of f(s) are independently N or and the remaining f s are independently CR 6 R 1 a is independently selected from: hydrogen, R 1 00-, -N(R 10)2, F, C3-CIO cycloalkyl or C1-C6 alkyl; R Ib is independently selected from: a) hydrogen, b) aryl, heterocycle or C3-CIO cycloalkyl, c) C1I-C6 alkyl unsubstituted or substituted by aryl, heterocycle, C3-Cl10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 aikenyl, R 10 or NRO2 R 2 is selected from: a) hydrogen, b) unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-CIO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, C1-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 1 2 R I S R I OC(O)NR 1 (R I 0 )2NC(O)-, R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 )2, or R I I0C(O)NR c) unsubstituted ClI -C6 alkyl, d) substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted C I -C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or WO 97/36896 PTU9/55 PCT/US97/05357
116- substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocyclic, C3-C1O cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20-, R I R 1 I 0 C(O)NR (R 1 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, RIOC(O)-, N3, -N(R 1 0 and R' I IC(O)-NR R 3 is selected from H, halogen, CH3 and CF3; each R 6 is a) b) independently selected from: hydrogen, unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, C3-ClO cycloalkyl, C2-C6 alkenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, halogen, CLI-C6 perfluoroalkyl, R 120.., R I R 1 I C(O)NR 1 (R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NRIO)-, CN, N02, RIOC(0)-, N3, -N(RIO)2, or R I IOC(O)NR 1 0-, unsubstituted C I -C6 alkyl, substituted C I -C6 alkyl wherein the substituent on the substituted ClI-C6 alkyl is selected from unsubstituted or substituted aryl, unsubstituted or substituted heterocycl ic, C3-C 10 cycloalkyl, C2-C6 al-kenyl, C2-C6 alkynyl, R 1 20-, R I S R 1 I C(O)NR 1 (R I 0 R 10 2N-C(NR CN, R I N3, -N(R 10 and R I I0C(0)-NR 10-; or any two of R 6 on adjacent carbon atoms are combined to form a diradical selected from -CH=CH-CH=CH-, -CH=CH-CH2-, -(CH2)4- and -(CH2)3-; provided that when R 2 or R 6 is unsubstituted or substituted heterocycle, attachment of R 2 or R6to the phenyl ring, or 6-membered heteroaryl ring respectively, is through a substitutable heterocycle ring carbon; WO 97/36896 PCTIUS97/05357
117- R 9 a and R9b are independently hydrogen, halogen, CF3 or methyl; R 10 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I-C6 alkyl, benzyl, 2 ,2,2-trifluoroethyl and aryl; Ri is independently selected from C I -C6 alkyl and aryl; R 1 2 is independently selected from hydrogen, C I -C6 alkyl, ClI -C6 aralkyl, C1I-C6 substituted aralkyl, ClI -C6 heteroaralkyl, C I -C6 substituted heteroaralkyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteraryl, C I -C6 perfluoroalkyl, 2-aminoethyl and 2 2 ,2-trifluoroethyl; Al is selected from: a bond, 0, -N(R or S(O)m; m is 0, 1 or 2; n is 0Oor 1; or the pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof. 9. A compound which inhibits famesyl-protein transferase which is: 1 [Pyrid- 2 -yljphenylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzy)inidazoJe 1 -Methylpyrazin-2-yllphenylmethyl)s 4 -cyanobenzyl)imidazole or 1 -(4-(Pyrimnidinyl-5 -yi)phenylmethyl)-5 4 -cyanobenzyl)imi dazole or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. The compound according to Claim 9 which is: 1-( 4 -[pyrid- 2 -yl]phenylmethyl)-5-(4-cyanobenzyl)imidazole NC 0N N or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof. 11. A compound which inhibits farnesyl-protein transferase substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to any one of the examples. 12. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutical carrier, and dispersed therein, a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11. 13. A pharmaceutical composition made by combining the compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. 14. A process for making a pharmaceutical composition comprising combining a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier. A method for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase which comprises 15is administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 16. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase. S 17. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for inhibiting farnesyl-protein transferase. 18. A method for treating cancer which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 19. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in treating cancer. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating cancer. 21. A method for treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 22. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder. 23. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating neurofibromin benign proliferative disorder. 24. A method for treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 25. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation. 0•o• f e 26. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating blindness related to retinal vascularisation. 27. A method for treating infections from hepatitis delta and related viruses which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of 4 20 claim 12 or claim 13. 'CC- •e 28. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in for treating infections from hepatitis delta and related viruses. •0•D29. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for for treating infections from hepatitis delta and related viruses. o• A method for preventing restenosis which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 31. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition according to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in preventing restenosis. 32. The use of a compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for preventing restenosis. 33. A method for treating polycystic kidney disease which comprises administering to a mammal in need thereof a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of any one of claims 1 to 11 or of a composition of claim 12 or claim 13. 34. A compound according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a composition Saccording to claim 12 or claim 13 when used in treating polycystic kidney disease. C04211 120 The use of a compound according to any one of claims I to 11 for the manufacture of a medicament for treating polycystic kidney disease. Dated 19 October 1998 MERCK Co., INC. Patent Attorneys for the ApplicantlNominated Person SPRUSON&FERGuSON C '-Ce 00 a. *400 0 pa CI C a ACOC 0 *f 00 a U 04 as** 00 t *e.j 0 a 00000 0 0 000... 0 00 0 Oa *0 C0421 1
Applications Claiming Priority (9)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US1459296P | 1996-04-03 | 1996-04-03 | |
| US60/014592 | 1996-04-03 | ||
| GBGB9613462.2A GB9613462D0 (en) | 1996-06-27 | 1996-06-27 | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| GB9613462 | 1996-06-27 | ||
| US2234196P | 1996-07-24 | 1996-07-24 | |
| US60/022341 | 1996-07-24 | ||
| GB9617282 | 1996-08-16 | ||
| GBGB9617282.0A GB9617282D0 (en) | 1996-08-16 | 1996-08-16 | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| PCT/US1997/005357 WO1997036896A1 (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-04-01 | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| AU2602097A AU2602097A (en) | 1997-10-22 |
| AU706314B2 true AU706314B2 (en) | 1999-06-17 |
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| AU26020/97A Ceased AU706314B2 (en) | 1996-04-03 | 1997-04-01 | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0891355A1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2001509131A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU706314B2 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2249650A1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1997036896A1 (en) |
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| AU715202B2 (en) * | 1996-04-03 | 2000-01-20 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| US5939439A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 1999-08-17 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| US6093737A (en) * | 1996-12-30 | 2000-07-25 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Inhibitors of farnesyl-protein transferase |
| US6127390A (en) * | 1997-10-02 | 2000-10-03 | Merck & Co., Inc. | Inhibitors of prenyl-protein transferase |
| EP1045846B1 (en) | 1997-11-28 | 2003-05-02 | Lg Chemical Limited | Imidazole derivatives having an inhibitory activity for farnesyl transferase and process for preparation thereof |
| KR100395300B1 (en) * | 1999-08-11 | 2003-08-27 | 주식회사 엘지생명과학 | Pyrrole derivatives useful for inhibition of farnesyl transferase and process for preparation thereof |
| IL153123A0 (en) | 2000-06-30 | 2003-06-24 | Bristol Myers Squibb Co | N-ureidoheterocycloalkyl-piperidine derivatives and pharmaceutical compositions containing the same |
| CA2460947A1 (en) | 2001-09-17 | 2003-03-27 | Ortho-Mcneil Pharmaceutical, Inc. | 6-o-carbamate-11,12-lacto-ketolide antimicrobials |
| AU2003245773A1 (en) | 2002-02-15 | 2003-09-04 | Glaxo Group Limited | Vanilloid receptor modulators |
| CA2574600C (en) | 2004-07-23 | 2010-08-31 | Pfizer Inc. | Pyridine derivatives |
| UY30892A1 (en) | 2007-02-07 | 2008-09-02 | Smithkline Beckman Corp | AKT ACTIVITY INHIBITORS |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2162513B (en) * | 1984-06-25 | 1988-01-20 | Toyama Chemical Co Ltd | Dihydropyridine derivatives |
| US5159083A (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1992-10-27 | Neurogen Corporation | Certain aminomethyl phenylimidazole derivatives; a class of dopamine receptor subtype specific ligands |
| US5633376A (en) * | 1990-12-28 | 1997-05-27 | Neurogen Corporation | Certain aminomethyl phenylimidazole derivatives; and 4-aryl substituted piperazinyl and piperidinylmethyl phenylimidazole derivatives; a new class of dopamine receptor subtype ligands |
| IT1255802B (en) * | 1992-08-07 | 1995-11-16 | Luso Farmaco Inst | IMIDAZOLIC DERIVATIVES FOR ACTIVITY A II ANTAGONIST |
-
1997
- 1997-04-01 AU AU26020/97A patent/AU706314B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-04-01 CA CA002249650A patent/CA2249650A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-04-01 WO PCT/US1997/005357 patent/WO1997036896A1/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1997-04-01 EP EP97917780A patent/EP0891355A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-04-01 JP JP53554697A patent/JP2001509131A/en active Pending
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0891355A1 (en) | 1999-01-20 |
| AU2602097A (en) | 1997-10-22 |
| CA2249650A1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
| JP2001509131A (en) | 2001-07-10 |
| WO1997036896A1 (en) | 1997-10-09 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |