AU626217B2

AU626217B2 - Engine coolant flush-filtering using external gas pressure and blocked radiator fill port

Info

Publication number: AU626217B2
Application number: AU41716/89A
Authority: AU
Inventors: James L. Baylor; Marcel Vataru
Original assignee: Wynn Oil Co
Current assignee: Wynn Oil Co
Priority date: 1988-09-23
Filing date: 1989-09-21
Publication date: 1992-07-23
Anticipated expiration: 2009-09-21
Also published as: EP0360057A2; EP0360057A3; JPH02185616A; AU4171689A; MX164369B; NZ230618A

Description

i S F Ref: 102726 FORM COMMONWEALTH OF AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1952 COMvPLETE SPECIFICATION

(ORIGINAL)

FOR OFFICE USE: A22M Class Int Class Complete Specification Lodged: Accepted: Published: Priority: Related Art: Name and Address of Applicant: Wynn Oil Company 2600 East Nutwood Avenue Fullerton California 92631 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Address for Service: Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia i t Complete Specification for the invention entitled: Engine Coolant Flush-Filtering Using External Gas Pressure and Blocked Radiator Fill Port The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us 5845/3 L i ~L5 I: nd:i 3*" .44 *a 0 .44 1 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION This invention relates generally to cleaning of an internal combustion engine cooling system, more particularly to treatment of used coolant exteriorly of such a system for subsequent return to the system.

Studies show that over-heating is a major cause of vehicle breakdown on highways. Engine cooling systems must operate efficiently at all times to avoid costly repairs that result from excessive temperature. In this regard, cooling systems contaminated by rust, scale build-up and sludge cannot provide adequate heat transfer and cooling system efficiency; in addition, thermostats fail to open, hoses deteriorate, impellers bind or break-off, and engine blocks can become distorted or crack. Accordingly, there is a need for efficient engine cooling system flushing methods and apparatus; however, flushing of such systems in the past required draining of the removed liquid to sewer or waste lines, which was environmentally objectionable. Accordingly, need has developed for apparatus and method to clean engine coolant systems without such drainage. No way was known for accomplishing this objective in the unusually advantageous manner as is now provided by this invention.

SUMMARYLOF THE INVENTION 20 It is the object of the present invention to overcome or substantially ameliorate the above disadvantages.

There is diclosed herein an internal combustion engine cooling system, comprising: first means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the cooling system to force coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, second means in communication with said first means for receiving the coolant liquid at the exterior of the cooling system, for treatment thereof, third means in communication with said second means for returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, the cooling system including a heat radiator including a container having a coolant liquid fill opening and means for ma'ntaining the fill opening otherwise closed duringshifabssage of coolant from the radiator, said last named means including a closure for said fill opening and a manually operable shut-off valve controlled by-pass opening 1A soA associated with said closure, to passApressurized fluid or coolant liquid from the container interior to the exterior during the return of the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, and an elongated tube communicating with the container via said closure and said fill opening to extract coolant liquid from the cooling system, wherein said closure is a metallic cap defining a through opening for said elongated tube.

There is further disclosed herein a method of treating coolant liquid in an internal combustion engine cooling system, comprising: forcing the coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, treating the coolant liquid in a zone or zones outside the cooling system, said treating including removing contaminant from the coolant liquid, returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, said forcing step includes supplying a pressurized gas to the I O ^cooling system to drive coolant liquid therefrom, the cooling system including a heat radiator Including a container having a coolant liquid fill opening, and said forcing step 20 including employing said gas to drive coolant liquid from the radiator, including the step of controllably venting fluid including gas from said container via a closure at said fill opening, during i;aid step of returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, providing an elongated tube and inserting the tube into the C 25 radiator via said fill opening to extract ,said coolant liquid from the lower extent of the radiator for said passage from the radiator, and *maintaining said fill opening otherwise closed during said passage of coolant liquid from the radiator, and Wherein an overlow tank is provided in association with the radiator, and including discharging into said tank fluid vented via a by-pass valve associated with said closure and controlling said valve to control said venting.

There is further disclosed herein an internal combustion engine cooling system, comprising: first means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the cooling system to force coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of -STM 29491 Fj that system, second means in communication with said first means for receiving the coolant liquid at the exterior of the cooling system, for treatment -thereof, third means in communication with said second means for returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, the cooling system including a heat radiator including a contai ner having a coolant liquid fill opening, the container having anl associated discharge port to controllably pass coolant liquid from internal extent-of the radiator, and means for maintaining the fill opening o-therwi~e closed during said passage of coolant from the radiator, wherein said discharge port is valve controlled and is proximate the bottom of the radiator, and last named means includes a closure for said fill opening and a manually operable shut-off valve controlled by--pass opening associated with said closure to pass pressurized fluid or coolant liquid from the container interior to the exterior during the return of the treated coolant liquid to the cooling 0 system.

000000 h A0 tt4tC,-=-t li-qkuidtGt- G ft-yt'i; By way of example only, certain embodiments of this invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. For purposes of convenience, like parts of Figs. 1A to 3A of the drawings have been numbered identically with corresponding parts of Figs. 1 to 3.

Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a first embodiment of apparatus mp oy n h e c SA e r Fig. 2 is an enlarged section showing details of a radiator fill-port closure, a by-pass valve, and drain valve of the apparatus of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a front view of a control console of the apparatus of Fig.

1.

Fig. 1A is a schematic view of a second embodiment of apparatus employing the invention; Fig. 2A is ai, enlarged section showing details of a radiator fill port closure at a by-pass valve of the apparatus of Fig. 1A; and Fig 3A is a front view of a control console of the apparatus of Fig.

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so r a~c *0 In Fig. 1, there is schematically shown as internal combustion engine °3 10 having a block 11 defining coolant passages through which liquid coolant (such as water, and anti-freeze additive including polyethylene glycol, etc.) is adapted to pass; a radiator 12; and a coolant pump 13 connected to pump coolant between the block and radiator, as via lines or ducts 14 and 14a. Also shown is a heater 15 connected at 17 with the block, as for use in a vehicle to be heated. From the heater, coolant may pass at 18 to the engine block 11. During continued operation of the engine, the coolant tends to become contaminated with particulate such as rust particles and precipitate (calcium salts, etc.), and the additive degenerates. In the past, the coolant was drained from the system as to sewer lines, and the system flushed with liquid which was also drained. The present invention eliminates such environmentally objectionable draining, and also protects the operator. 61 In accordance wi t hA t he inven t ion, appara t us generally designated at is provided, and comprises: A) first means for forcing the coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, b) second means in communication with said first means for receiving the coolant liquid at the exterior of the cooling system, for treatment thereof, and

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TI r c) third means in communication with said second means for returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system.

While specific means are shown within the overall block 20, it will be understood that other, or equivalent means are usable to perform the following steps: a) forcing the liquid coolant from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, b) treating the coolant liquid in a zone or zones outside the cooling system, said treating including removing contaminant from the coolant liquid, and c) returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system.

In this regard, it will be noted thait the method and apparatus makes possible the re-use of the coolant by withdrawing it from the coolant system, treating it externally of that system, and re-circulating the rejuvenated coolant back into the system so as to avoid need for disposal of the coolant as by drainage to the environment.

o e0 The specific means illustrated incorporates multiple and unusual 0 advantages in terms of simplicity, effectiveness and rapidity of employment l\o and operation; for example, the first means for forcing the liquid coolant 0 000 from the coolant system may advantageously include a coolant discharge port 0,00 110 at the bottom of the radiator, in series with a valve 111, manually controlled at 112, for return of air pressurized coolant from the lower interior or extent of the radiator, i.e. for passage from the radiator as via duct 123, and return to tank 27, such a valve temporarily replacing the original equipment valve.

o0 Means 24 is provided for maintaining the usual radiator fill opening 23a otherwise closed during removal of coolant from the radiator. Such oO.. means may comprise a screw-on cap 24a which is located above the upper interior 12b of the radiator, above finned tubes 104. Cap 24a is screwed onto the neck of the radiator fill-opening, as at screw connection 93, 94.

Valve 111 at the bottom wall 109 of the radiator container communicates °0 with the bottom interior 12a of the container so that substantially all pressurized coolant liquid may be removed, extracted or drained from the radiator, to the line 123. As will appear, liquid in the heater and engine block flows to the radiator for such removal.

Modified cap 24a for fill port 23a has a domed wall 90 with a central through opening 91 usable for example to induce a vacuum at the upper interior 12b of the radiator. See siphon bulb 294 in series with bypass valve 98 in Fig. 2. A seal 92 carried by the cap seals off when a threaded BJG/362P I w, i Wfitting 152 is tightened in threaded bore 151, to close the cap 24a. The cap has a lower lip 93 that tightens on the annular lip 94 of the radiator container, as shown, at which time an annular extension 149 fits in radiator bore 153, sealing at 154.

An offset through port 95 in wall 90 has a by-pass duct 96 connected therewith, at 97, and a manually controllable by-pass valve 98 in duct 96 controls escape of pressurized fluid from the radiator upper interior 12b to an over-flow tank 100. Valve 98 is opened, as during air pressurized and induced return of treated coolant fluid to the system, that fluid normally allowed to rise in the radiator to level 101 above radiator core 104. Any excess fluid (air to coolant, or both) rising in the radiator exists via the by-pass duct and valve 98 to tank 100. Thus hot fluid under pressure cannot freely discharge in direction 102 outside, since the radiator fill port 23a is closed by cap 24a, with fitting 152 installed in bore 151. By-pass valve 98 is also used with a siphon-vacuum bulb 294, to induce vacuum at 12b, as when original equipment fitting is removed from bottom of radiator and special coolant discharge port or duct 110 is installed into bottom of radiator at 109, in series with valve 111.

o Coolant collected in tank 100 can be siphoned out and returned to tank 27, as by a siphon which includes hose 107 and bulb 106. Radiator o o shell or container 109 contains core 104. Alternatively, the first means for forcing the liquid coolant from the coolant system may advantageously include an elongated tube or tubular probe 21 insertible endwise into the outer container or shell 22 incorporated by the radiator, and via the port S 151 in cap 24A, to extract coolant from the lower interior or extent of the S radiator, for passage from the radiator as via return duct 23.

The second means for treating the removed coolant may advantageously comprise a liquid receiver, such as for example a holding tank 27 to which liquid flows via line 23, filter 28 connected in series with that line, and valve 29 in the line. Particulate and congealed substances in the flowing liquid are removed by the filter 28, which may be replaced at intervals; the used-up filter then being disposed of in accordance with environmentally acceptably safe procedures. The normally aqueous liquid received into the holding tank interior zone 31, as via inlet 30 may then be treated. Chemicals to be added to the radiator, after return of treated coolant to the radiator include corrosion inhibitor i.e. anti-rust compound, pH adjustment chemicals, and fresh anti-freeze compound (glycol, for example). If any sludge develops in tank 27 after prolonged use, it may be removed to a container 34 and disposed of, environmentally safe.

BJG/362P -4- See line 35 and valve 36.

The third means for returning the treated coolant to the engine cooling system includes a line or duct 37 extending from tank 27 to a connection 38 with the cooling system. Connection 38 is advantageously located in the line 17 from the block 11 to the heater. A clamp 39 may be located on or at that line for stopping liquid passing from 38 to the block, via line 17. A control valve 40 and a filter 41 are connected in series with line 37, valve 40 being opened when return of coolant to the system is desired. Filter 41 removes any further contaminant.

An important feature of the apparatus is the provision, in association with the first means referred to above, of a pressurized gas (as for example air pressure) source 43 connectible via a main valve 44 in duct 45 and a control valve 46, connected via duct 47 with the coolant system, for forcing coolant from the system and to tank 27 (as via line 23). Line 47 may be connected to duct 17, at 47, as shown. Air pressure then drives coolant from the heater to the radiator, as via line 18, and the pump 13, coolant also flowing from the block to the radiator lower S interior extent, for removal. Such lower extent appears at 124.

i Valve 46 is advantageously a three-way valve, and is thus S controllable to alternatively supply air under pressure via line 52 to the holding tank interior for application to treated liquid 31 in the tank for return supply under pressure to the engine cooling system, along the flow path described above.

Prior to initial operation of the system, the engine is operated to heat the coolant in the system, and as a result a thermostat controlled valve in that system, indicated at 60, is opened when the coolant reaches a predetermined temperature. Rust loosening or cleaning chemical additive (such as detergent solution) may be initially added to the coolant in the radiator to circulate during warm-up. Operation of the apparatus is begun. Note that the apparatus is quickly connectible to the cooling system, as via hoses or lines 23, 37 and 47.

Finally, a pressure gauge 63 is connected to air line 45 to indicate the pressure in that line. After air pressure has returned the treated coolant to the system, the radiator fill opening 234 is closed as by returning the radiator cap to neck 25, and tightening it to seal the opening 23a. Thereafter air pressure from supply 43 pressurizes the entire coolant system, and gauge 63 is observed to note the pressure. Air pressure regulator 45a in line 45 regulates th oressure to a safe level.

Valve 44 is then closed, and the gauge 63 is again ebserved to note any BJG/362P

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I_ relatively rapid fall-off of pressure. If that does not occur, the pressure test indicates a non-leaking system; however, if the pressure falls-off, the test indicates that a leak gas developed in the coolant system, and should be attended to. For example, a STOP-LEAK solution may be added to the contents of the radiator in an effort to arrest the pressure leak.

SUMMARY OF OPERATION The following is a summary of steps that may be carried out during performance of the method of the invention: 1) Add cleaning or flushing chemicals to engine coolant system after preliminarily testing the system for leaks; 2) Connect apparatus 20 and cap 24a to the cooling system as shown o o. in Figs. 1 and 2, and as described above; 3) Operate engine for about 10 minutes to circulate the chemicals ,4 for loosening dirt, rust, sludge, etc., and also to warm up coolant solution so that thermostat controlled valve 60 opens, at about 190 .o 205F; 4) Make sure that cap means 24a is connected to the lip 94, the cap port 151 plugged by plug 152; Open valve 44 and adjust valve 46 to direct air pressure to connection 48, which causes air pressure to derive coolant from the system t 00 a to holding tank 27, via port 110, valve 111, filter 28, and valve 29, which is OPEN; 6) Close valve 44.

Leave fill-opening 23a closed by cap 24a.

Open by-pass valve 98. Close valve 111; 8) Open valve 44 and adjust valve 46 to direct air pressure to tank V 27, via line 52. Inlet 32 should be closed. This drives coolant from the tank, through filter 41, and to the coolant system at line 17. Coolant rises to level 101 in the radiator. Excess air or coolant fluid vents via by-pass valve 98; and to tank 100.

9) When all coolant has been returned to the system, the by-pass valve 98 is closed.

Relieve pressure in the system as by slowly opening the valve 98 at the side of cap 24a.. Any flow via transparent line 96 can be viewed.

11) Remove cap 24a from radiator neck. I 12) Disconnect the hoses or lines from the line 17; 13) Add treating chemical and anti-freeze (if necessary) to radiator, via open port 23a; BJG/362P 7 14) A standard radiator cap can then be attached to the radiator neck; The connections to line 17 may take the form of those described in U.S. Patent 4,109,703, Fig. 12.

Fig. 3 shows valve controls on a console panel 105, along with gauge 63. A flow indicator (spinner) connected into line 17, appears at 106.

In respect of Figs. 1A, 2A and 3A the specific means illustrated also incorporates multiple and unusual advantages in terms of simplicity, effectiveness and rapidity of employment and operation. Means 24 associated with, and typically carried by that tubular probe 21, is provided for maintaining the fill opening otherwise closed during removal of coolant from the radiator. Such means may comprise a screw-on cap 24 which is annular to pass the elongated tube 21. Cap is screwed onto the 15 neck 25 of the radiator fill-opening, the probe then reaching or extending to the bottom interior of the radiator so that substantially all liquid may be removed, extracted or siphoned from the radiator, to the line 23. As will appear, liquid in the heater and block flows to the o radi-2or for such removal, and typically under pressure within the oo 20 radiator so as to flow up the tubular probe to the external line 23 and then to a treatment zone. Fig. 2 shows cap details.

044444 o o o o444 0 Q 0a 0 491 00 0 e.

B -8- The embodiment of Figs. 1A, 2A and 3A is similar to the embodiment of Figs. 1, 2 and 3 in relation to the first means for forcing the liquid coolant from the coolant system, the second means for treating the removed coolant, and the third means for returning the treated coolant to the engine cooling system.

In Fig. 2A, the modified cap 24a has a domed wall 90 with a central through opening 91 cf.110 in Fig. 3 to pass tubular probe 21. A seal 92 carried by the cap seals off against the outer surface of the probe (which may be plastic) when threaded fitting 150 is tightened in threaded bore 151. The probe is axially shiftable, endwise, relative to opening 91, when fitting 150 is loosened. The cap has a lower lip 93 that tightens on the annular lip 94 of the radiator container, as shown, at which time an annular extension 152 fits in radiator bore 153, sealing at 154. An off-set through port 95 has a by-pass duct 96 connected 15 therewith at 97, and a manually controllable by-pass valve 98 in duct 96 controls escape of pressurized fluid from the radiator upper interior 12b, and to an over-flow tank 100. By-pass valve 98 is opened as during air pressure induced return of treated coolant fluid to the system, that I- Ifluid allowed to rise in the radiator, to level 101, above indicator core 20 104. Any excess fluid (air or coolant or both) rising in the radiator exits via the by-pass duct and valve 98, to tank 100. Thus, hot fluid I t

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-9under pressure cannot discharge in direction 102, outside probe 21, since the radiator fill port 23a is closed by cap or closure 24a. Duct 96 is transparent so that any loss of coolant can be visually monitored.

Coolant collected in tank 100 can be returned to tank 27, as by siphoning. See siphon 106. The radiator container or shell appears at 109.

SUMMARY OF THE OPERATION The following is a summary of steps that may be carried out during performance of the method of the invention: 1) Add cleaning or flushing chemicals to engine coolant system after preliminarily testing the system for leaks; 2) Connect apparatus 20 to the cooling system as shown in Fig. 1, and as described above; 3) Operate engine for about ten minutes to circulate the 15 chemicals for loosening dirt, rust, sludge, etc., and also to warm up coolant solution so that Thermostat controlled valve 60 opens, at about 190 205"F; 4) Insert probe 26 into radiator and tighten its cap means 24a to a a R000 a o a 01 0 0400D a( I It li I I

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rrr x: ~~S/2949l the lip 94; Open valve 44 and adjust valve 46 to direct air pressure to connection 48, which causes air pressure to drive coolant from the system to holding tank 27, via probe 21, filter 28, and valve 29, which is OPEN; 6) Close valve 44; 7) Leave probe 21 in the radiator, and leave 1l'-opening 23a closed by cap 24a. Open by-pass valve 98; 8) Open valve 44 and adjust valve 46 to direct air pressure to tank 27, via line 52. Inlet 32 should be closed. This drives coolant from the tank, through filter 41, and to the coolant system at line 17. Excess air or fluid vents via valve 98; 9) When all coolant has been returned to the system (as can be viewed via line 37 which is transparent), the by-pass valve 98 is closed; Pressurize the coolant system, and close valve 44; 11) Observe gauge 63 for any pressure leaks; 12) Relieve pressure in the system as by slowly opening the overflow valve attached to the cap at the radiator neck 13) Disconnect the hoses or lines from the line 17; and replace the standard radiator cap to neck 25, after withdrawing probe 21.

The connections to line 17 may take the form of those described in U.S. Patent 4,109,703, Fig. 12.

Fig. 3A shows valve controls on a console panel 105, along with gauge 63. A flow indicator (spinner) connected into line 17, is shown at 106.

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Claims

1. An internal combustion engine cooling system comprising: first means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the cooling system to force coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, second means in communication with said first means for receiving the coolant liquid at the exterior of the cooling system, for treatment thereof, third means in communication with said second means for returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, the cooling system including a heat radiator including a container having a coolant liquid fill opcning and means for maintaining the fill opening otherwise closed during extraction of coolant from the radiator, said last named means including a closure for said fill opening and a manually operable shut-off valve controlled by-pass opening associated with said closure, to pass said pressurized fluid or coolant liquid from the container interior to the exterior during the return of the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, and an elongated tube communicatinr with the container via SOoo. 20 said closure and said,fill opening to extract coolant liquid from the cooling system, wherein said closure is a metallic cap defining a through opening for said elongated tube.

2. The cooling system of claim 1 including an overflow tank S,.outside the container, and ducting extending from said by-pass opening to l 25 said overflow tank.

3. The cooling system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said third means includes a filter connected to pass coolant liquid being returned from a holding zone to the cooling system.

4. The cooling system of claim 1 or claim 2 further comprising cooling passages in an engine block and in a heater, there being a coolant flow connection passage between said coolant passages in the block and heater, and wherein said third means includes a coolant return flow duct in commui cation with said flow connection passage.

The cooling system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein said third means includes a valve and ducting in communication with a holding tank, i! and a pressurized gas source connectible via said valve and ducting with TMS/29491 2. L -12- said tank for driving liquid from the tank to return the liquid to tie cooling system.

6. The cooling system of claim 5 further comprising cooling passages in an ennine block and in a heater, there being a coolant flow connection passage between said coolant passages in the block and heater, and wherein said third means includes a coolant return flow duct in communication with said flow connection passage.

7. The cooling system of claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the fill opening is maintained open during said return of treated coolant to ti cooling system, and wherein said third means includes a source of pressurized gas connected to drive treated coolant back into the coolant ji system, at a location spaced from the radiator, spent gas leaving the system via said open fill opening. i

8. The cooling sysrem of claim 1 wherein said closure has a dome ji 15 shaped wall defining said through opening at the center of said wall, the by-pass opening located in said wall, in off-set relation to said through Sopening.

9. The cooling system of claim I wherein sadid elongated tube S extends through said through opening, and said elongated tube is a I 20 plastic tube that extends through said through opening and there being S t means carried by the cap for sealing off about the elongated plastic tube.

The cooling system of claim 1 wherein said second means includes a holding tank for collecting said coolant liquid in a holding I zone. 25

11. The cooling system of claim 10 wherein said second means includes a filter connected to pass coolant liquid flowing to said :holding zone.

12. A method of treating coolant liquid in an internal combustion engine cooling system, comprising: forcing the coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, treating the coolant liquid in a zone or zones outside the cooling, system, said treating including removing contaminant from the coolant liquid, returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, ^TMS/J9491 r

13- said forcing step includes supplying a pressurized gas to the cooling system to drive coolant liquid therefrom, the cooling system including a heat radiator including a :e ^container having a coolant liquid fill opening, and said forcing step including employing said gas to drive coolant liquid from the radiator, including the step of controllably venting fluid including gas from said container via a closure at said fill opening, during said step ii of returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, providing an elongated 'ube and inserting the tube into the radiator via said fill opening to extract said coolant liquid from the lower extent of the radiator for said passage from the radiator, arid maintaining said fill opening otherwise closed during said passage of coolant liquid from the radiator, and wherein an overlow tank is provided in assocl~tion with the radiator, and Including discharging into said tank fluid vented via a by-pass valve associated with said closure and controlling said valve to control said venting. 13. An internal combustion cooling system substantially as ohereinbefore described with referer"e to the accompanying drawings. 20

14. An internal combustion engine cooling system, comprising: -:ooo: first means for supplying a pressurized fluid to the cooling system to force coolant liquid from the cooling system to the exterior of that system, second means in communication with said first means for 25 receiving the coolant liquid at the exterior of the cooling system, for 000 e treatment thereof, third means in communication with said second means For returning the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system, ,0i the cooling system including a heat radiator including a container having a coolant liquid fill opening, the container having an associated discharge port to controllably pass coolant liquid from internal extent of the radiator, and means for maintaining the fill opening otherwise closed during said passage of coolant from the radiator, wherein said discharge port is valve controlled and is proximate the bottom of the radiator, and last named means includes a closure for said fill opening and a manually operable shut-off valve TM 29491 IN 'LN O^~y 14 controlled by-pass opening associated with said closure to pass pressurized fluid or coolant liquid from the container interior to the exterior during the return of the treated coolant liquid to the cooling system.

15. A method of treating coolant liquid in an internal combustion engine cooling system, the method being substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this FIFTH day of MAY 1992 Nynn Oil Company Patent Attorneys for the Applicant SPRUSON FERGUSON 4 0e 494900 4 *1 9944 4 4 11 9e* 4 4.4 4.4I 1. TM&~ 9491 rvo