AU2925299A - Drum cooker - Google Patents
Drum cooker Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU2925299A AU2925299A AU29252/99A AU2925299A AU2925299A AU 2925299 A AU2925299 A AU 2925299A AU 29252/99 A AU29252/99 A AU 29252/99A AU 2925299 A AU2925299 A AU 2925299A AU 2925299 A AU2925299 A AU 2925299A
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- vessel
- nozzles
- product
- area
- covered
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
- A47J37/00—Baking; Roasting; Grilling; Frying
- A47J37/04—Roasting apparatus with movably-mounted food supports or with movable heating implements; Spits
- A47J37/047—Roasting apparatus with movably-mounted food supports or with movable heating implements; Spits with rotating drums or baskets
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/117—Flakes or other shapes of ready-to-eat type; Semi-finished or partly-finished products therefor
- A23L7/135—Individual or non-extruded flakes, granules or shapes having similar size, e.g. breakfast cereals
- A23L7/139—Individual or non-extruded flakes, granules or shapes having similar size, e.g. breakfast cereals made from wholegrain or grain pieces without preparation of meal or dough
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L7/00—Cereal-derived products; Malt products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L7/10—Cereal-derived products
- A23L7/197—Treatment of whole grains not provided for in groups A23L7/117 - A23L7/196
- A23L7/1975—Cooking or roasting
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Commercial Cooking Devices (AREA)
- Cereal-Derived Products (AREA)
- Food-Manufacturing Devices (AREA)
- Cookers (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Formation And Processing Of Food Products (AREA)
- Air Supply (AREA)
- Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
Abstract
A drum cooker for cooking granular products comprises a vessel mounted to rotate about an axis. At least two nozzle groups are provided opening into said vessel. One of said nozzle groups is arranged in that it opens into a first area of said vessel covered by that granular product. A second nozzle group opens into a second area of said vessel not covered by said granular product. For enhancing the quality of the cooking process, a control means is provided for supplying said gaseous heat-carrying medium at any time to said nozzle group only that opens into that first area covered by said product.
Description
Drum cooker The present invention relates to a drum cooker for cooking granular products, especially corn grits for the production of 5 cornflakes, having a vessel mounted to rotate about an axis with nozzles that open into the vessel and that are connected with lines through which a gaseous heat-carrying medium can be introduced into the vessel, there being provided at least two circumferentially distributed nozzles so that at least one noz zle opens into the area covered by the product while at least one nozzle opens into the area not covered by the product. A drum cooker of this type is known, for example, under the designation DSCK from Gebr. BUhler AG, Uzwil, Switzerland. -10 2 A comparable drum cooker is also known from APV Baker, Peter borough, England, under the designation "Rotary cereal cooker". The axis of the rotary vessel extends horizontally, the vessel 5 as such has a substantially barrel-shaped contour. Inside the vessel, the product to be treated, for example corn grits, is mixed with water, the vessel being filled with that product water mixture up to more than half its volume. The heat supply is realized by nozzles arranged in the wall of the vessel, that are supplied with a hot gaseous medium, namely hot water steam, through lines extending along the outside of the vessel. The arrangement of the nozzles is such that the nozzle groups are located substantially diametrically opposite one to the other. All lines and/or nozzle groups are supplied form a common supply source via communicating lines. This means that the steam is supplied to all lines and all nozzles simul taneously. c2O In practical use it has, however, been found that the steam en ters the interior of the vessel only through those nozzles that open into the area not covered by the product-water mixture at that time. These are the nozzles that occupy a position above the product-water mixture during the rotary movement. Those nozzles that open into the area just covered by the prod uct-water mixture hardly admit any steam since the counter pressure of the product-water mixture present in the vessel is so high as to prevent the steam from entering through those 0 nozzles in any quantity worth mentioning. RLt 1rr# 3 This is due to the fact that the gas, being supplied simultane ously via all lines, tends to follow the line of least resis tance, which is through the nozzles that are not immersed in the product-water mixture. Even increasing the pressure does not cause the gas to enter through the nozzles in the area covered by the product. This now leads to the effect that very poor heat transmission is achieved from the admitted heat-carrying medium to the prod uct-water mixture revolving in the vessel, i.e. the mixture of water and the corn grits to be treated. The heat exchange oc curs substantially at the surface of the product, which in re volving condition has a kidney-shaped cross-section, and the upper steam-filled space. However, since it is necessary to continuously supply fresh heat-carrying medium for the cooking process, additional ar rangements must be provided for carrying off the gaseous medium clo from the vessel, which is effected through openings arranged above the product-water mixture. This then creates the risk that fresh medium is carried off without a considerable heat exchange having taken place with the revolving product-water mixture. This is connected with the considerable disadvantage that very long cooking times are necessary, with the risk that the starch shows gelatinizing phenomena in the outer areas of the corn grains, that have been cooked for a long time, while inside the 0 grain the cooking process has not yet led to the desired re c RA( 1 4 sult, so that a so-called "white spot" of uncooked starch is still left. During further processing, this then leads to the result that after the grains have been rolled to flakes, these contain non gelatinized spots. The roasting process that follows then leads to cornflakes which exhibit pale discoloring in the area not thoroughly cooked (white spot), and which instead of containing the desired blisters, exhibit in this area a baked structure, 10 i.e. a closed structure similar to puff pastry. With respect to energy balance, this cooking process is ex tremely unfavorable. IS It is, therefore, the object of the present invention to im prove a drum cooker of the before-mentioned kind so that an ef ficient heat exchange and/or cooking process takes place that leads to reduced cooking times and by which, in addition, a good and uniform cooking result is achieved. 20 This object is achieved by the invention due to the fact that a control means is provided which ensures that the medium will be supplied at any time to those nozzles only that open into the area covered by the product. This feature provides the advantage that the gaseous medium is now exclusively introduced through the nozzles that open into the area covered by the product, i.e. that are located below the water level so that the medium is blown directly into the water 10 where it gets into intimate heat-exchanging relationship with both the water and the product to be treated.
5 This positive control results in much more purposeful, quicker and more effective heat transmission which leads to a uniform and excellent cooking result in considerably less time. The me dium being introduced enters the product-water mixture to be heated through the nozzles in the form of uniformly distributed bubbles. The purposeful introduction of the medium into the product-water mixture allows the vessel to be filled to a considerably higher 10 level so that much more product can be treated with the same overall drum size. A voluminous pressure cushion, as required in equipment of the prior art, is now no longer necessary, the steam space serving exclusively venting purposes. 5 According to a further embodiment of the invention, the design of the control means is such that the vessel can be vented via those nozzles that open at any time into the area not covered by the product. .20 This features provides the additional considerable advantage that the heat-carrying medium is guided through the vessel very directly and uniformly, that it enters the product-water mixture directly, flows through the mixture and is evacuated from the vessel through those nozzles which at that time are located ;5 above the product-water mixture level. This permits the pressure build-up in the cooker to be adjusted in an easy way.
6 The nozzles, therefore, act as injection nozzles in the immersed condition and as venting nozzles when they are located above the water level. According to a further embodiment of the invention, diametri cally opposite nozzles are provided. This feature, which is known as such, provides the advantage un der control aspects that switching-over operations can be ef O fected in a purposeful and simple way so that in a given angular area a nozzle works in the injection mode while in the next de fined angular area it works in the venting mode. According to a further embodiment of the invention, a plurality 6 of nozzles are arranged along the axis of rotation of the ves sel. This feature provides the advantage, especially in the case of very large drum cookers, that the plurality of nozzles permit AO the heat-carrying medium to be injected at a plurality of posi tions so that especially uniform and quick heat distribution is guaranteed. According to a still further embodiment of the invention, the W control means comprises a multiple line distribution through which media are guided into and out of the vessel. Multiple line distributions designed as stationary units for supplying a plurality of media separately into a rotating ves LO sel, are commercially available as complete compact units so that a simple and little complex control system can be realized. 1 0 A
IM
7 Such a multiple line distribution allows not only the heat carrying medium to be introduced and carried off, but also the water in which the corn grits are cooked and, if desired, even flavor agents and dulcifiants to be gradually added, for exam 5~ ple. Additionally, line distributions for rinsing media may be provided so that after draining of the drum cooker a cleaning operation may also be carried out through the control means. The invention will now be described and explained in more detail \O with reference to a selected exemplary embodiment in connection with the attached drawings, in which: Fig. 1 shows a very diagrammatic view, partly sectioned, of a drum cooker; Fig. 2 shows a representation of a corn grit to be treated; Fig. 3 shows another processing step of such a grit, after it has been pressed between rollers; eOQ Fig. 4 shows a finished cornflake, in the desired form; and Fig. 5 shows a cornflake as it results from corn grit not uni formly cooked. A drum cooker shown in Fig. 1 is indicated generally by refer ence numeral 10. 12rr r 8 The drum cooker 10 comprises a horizontal, essentially barrel shaped vessel 12 that can rotate about a horizontal axis of ro tation 13. The vessel 12 is rotatably seated in columns 16 and 18, via lateral bearings 14, 15. The vessel is driven for rotary move ment about an axis of rotation 13 via a chain drive 20 con nected with a drive motor 22. (O A first line 24 is guided along a surface line on the outside of the vessel 12 and connects two nozzles 26 and 27 that open into the interior of the vessel 12. Each nozzle 26, 27 is pro vided with a filter 28. 6S Diametrically opposite to that line and nozzle arrangement a further line is guided along the outside for supplying two noz zles 30 and 31, likewise opening into the vessel 12. Both lines 24 and 29 end in a control means 32 provided with a ,O multiple line distribution 34. The control means 32 is connected with a supply and control unit 40 through which the media and control operations, which will be described in more detail further below, are supplied Af and/or controlled. The vessel 12 is provided with a lid, not shown, through which the product to be treated, for example corn grits, can be filled in and/or discharged. 4, 9 Corn grits are corn grains from which the germs and shells have been removed. In addition to the corn grits, water is filled into the vessel 12 up to a level considerably above the level of the axis of rotation 13, as indicated in Fig. 1. For cooking the water and corn grit mixture contained in the vessel 12, hot steam is introduced at approximately 1200 Cel 10 sius and a pressure of approximately 1 to 2 bar. According to the invention, the system is switched and/or con trolled via the control means 32 in a manner such that the me dium 35 is at any time introduced only through the line that L5 supplies those nozzles that open into the area 33 covered by the product. In the representation of Fig. 1, it is the line 24 that sup plies the nozzles 26 and 27. ao Thus, the medium 35 is introduced via the supply line 38, the control means 32, which for this purpose comprises a multiple line distribution, to the line 24 and from there to the nozzles 26 and 27. The medium 35 then enters the product via the fil ters 28 in very finely distributed bubbles, as indicated in Fig. 1 by the flow arrows and the bubbles. This permits inti mate, quick and uniform heat transmission from the medium 35 to the product-water mixture contained in the vessel 12. Once the medium 35 has passed the mixture, i.e. left the liquid volume, ;<o it flows to the diametrically opposite nozzles 30 and 31 and can be discharged from the vessel 12 through the nozzles 30 and RA4/ 10 31 and the line 29. The line 29, therefore, carries the medium through the multiple line distribution 34 to a venting opening 36. In the position illustrated in Fig. 1, which corresponds to an instantaneous condition of the rotating drum cooker 10, the nozzles 26 and 27 therefore work in an injection mode, while the nozzles 30 and 31 work in a venting mode. This situation is maintained so long as the nozzles 26 and 27 open into the area 33 covered by the product. Once the nozzles 26 and 27 have left that area, they are again switched to the venting mode; in the meantime, the nozzles 30 and 31 have reached the area 33 cov ered by the product and are switched over from the venting mode to the injection mode, which is effected automatically and un 6 der positive control by the multiple line distribution 34 of the control means 32. It is thus possible to convert a granular product, for example the corn grits 42, to the desired cooked state within short time. Compared with the comparable prior art apparatuses of the kind described at the outset, i.e. of equal size and volume through put, where the treating times are in the range of 120 to 150 minutes, a reduction of the treating time by 20 to 30 % could be achieved. In addition to achieving a reduction in treating time, a perfectly cooked product was obtained already after that short treating time. Further, the charge can be increased by approximately 20 % as compared with conventional drum cook ers. RA4 1 11 Fig. 2 shows a corn grit 42 as it is obtained when the cooking process is conducted for an excessively long time and with in sufficient heat exchange. 5 The resulting grit exhibits outer areas 46, where the starch has already gelatinized due to the long treating time, i.e. where a sticky outer layer has been produced. The inner core has not yet been cooked at all, i.e. there still \O exists the so-called white spot 44. If such a grit 42 is then subjected to further treatment, i.e. pressed between rollers, the flake 48 obtained, as illustrated in Fig. 3, contains areas 50 that are still uncooked. When such a flake is then roasted to obtain the desired cornflake, one obtains the cornflake 56 as illustrated in Fig. 5, which exhib its in the incompletely cooked areas a surface 55 with a baked structure similar to puff pastry. The cornflake 56 shows an un desirable pale discoloring in these areas. The desired blisters 58 are produced in small numbers only. With the aid of the drum cooker 10 equipped according to the invention, it is now possible to produce a corn grit that is 37 cooked thoroughly, much more uniformly and more quickly so that it exhibits neither any sticky outer areas 46, nor a white spot 44 in its inner core. If such a uniformly treated corn grit is then further proc 10 essed, a cornflake 52, as illustrated in Fig. 4, is obtained
RA(
12 after the roasting process which exhibits fine, small blisters 54 uniformly distribution over its surface. For the sake of clarity, the lid and also the additional supply 5 lines, for example for introducing syrup or cleaning water or the like, have been omitted in Fig. 1; these lines can be suitably guided along the outside of the vessel. \RA4(4-,
Claims (5)
1. Drum cooker for cooking granular products, especially corn grits (42) for the production of cornflakes, having a vessel (12) mounted to rotate about an axis (13) with nozzles (26, 27; 30,.31) that open into the vessel (12) and that are connected with lines (24; 29) through which a gaseous heat-carrying medium (35) can be introduced into the vessel (12), there being provided on the vessel (12) at least two circumferentially distributed nozzles (26, 27; 30, 31) so that at least one nozzle (26, 27) opens into the area (33) covered by the product while at least one nozzle (30, 31) opens into the area (39) not covered by the product, characterized in that a control means (32) is provided which ensures that the medium (35) will be supplied at any time to those nozzles (26, 27) only that open into the area (33) covered by the product. 2O
2. The drum cooker as defined in Claim 1, characterized in that the design of the control means (32) is such that the vessel (12) can be 'vented via those nozzles (30, 31) that open at any time into the area (33) not covered by the product.
3. The drum cooker as defined in Claim 1 or Claim 2, charac terized in that diametrically opposite nozzles (26, 27; 30, 31) are provided. 2
4. The drum cooker as defined in one of Claims 1 to 3, char acterized in that a plurality of nozzles (26, 27; 30, 31) are arranged along the axis of rotation (13) of the vessel (12).
5. The drum cooker as defined in one of Claims 1 to 4, char acterized in that the control means (32) comprises a mul tiple line distribution (34) through which media (35) can be separately guided into and out of the vessel.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19810240 | 1998-03-10 | ||
DE19810240A DE19810240C1 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 1998-03-10 | Drum cooker for maize |
PCT/EP1999/000796 WO1999045830A1 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-02-06 | Drum cooker |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
AU2925299A true AU2925299A (en) | 1999-09-27 |
AU747866B2 AU747866B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
Family
ID=7860336
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
AU29252/99A Ceased AU747866B2 (en) | 1998-03-10 | 1999-02-06 | Drum cooker |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | USRE39256E1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP1061842B1 (en) |
AT (1) | ATE239412T1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU747866B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2323420C (en) |
DE (2) | DE19810240C1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1061842T3 (en) |
ES (1) | ES2198900T3 (en) |
PT (1) | PT1061842E (en) |
WO (1) | WO1999045830A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10002550A1 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2001-07-26 | Rudolf Bichsel | Rotary drum cooking maize, syrup and water mixture for cornflakes, includes blowing and extraction nozzles which are both optimally-sized and self-clearing |
DE10102414A1 (en) | 2001-01-16 | 2002-07-25 | Rudolf Bichsel | Pressure-bearing cap with automatic locking |
CN109170979A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-11 | 阜阳市雪伟食品有限公司 | Roasted food turns over stir-fry dust collector |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1806957A (en) * | 1931-05-26 | stocking | ||
US1231002A (en) * | 1915-02-25 | 1917-06-26 | Charles Dawson | Wheat washing, rinsing, and drying machine. |
US1290396A (en) * | 1915-08-09 | 1919-01-07 | Sprague Canning Machinery Company | Blanching-machine. |
US2166197A (en) * | 1934-12-06 | 1939-07-18 | Best Foods Inc | Working and kneading apparatus |
US2314871A (en) * | 1939-08-12 | 1943-03-30 | Chisholm Ryder Co Inc | Apparatus for treating foodstuffs |
US2909872A (en) * | 1958-02-10 | 1959-10-27 | Detrex Chem Ind | Cleaning machines |
US3135668A (en) * | 1960-10-20 | 1964-06-02 | Dominion Malting Ontario Ltd | Grain processing equipment |
US3484360A (en) * | 1968-11-04 | 1969-12-16 | Paul W Sandrock | Closure for plating drum |
US3760714A (en) * | 1971-12-29 | 1973-09-25 | D Lortz | Blanching apparatus |
US4203358A (en) * | 1975-09-18 | 1980-05-20 | Hans Vogt | Device for cooking foodstuffs |
US4335649A (en) * | 1980-06-02 | 1982-06-22 | Amigos Food Company, Inc. | Method and apparatus for producing masa corn |
US4410553A (en) * | 1981-08-28 | 1983-10-18 | Mcginty James | Method and apparatus for cooking particulate foodstuffs |
US4906104A (en) * | 1987-03-03 | 1990-03-06 | Minolta Camera Kabushiki Kaisha | Agitating and supplying device and a mold for molding same |
JPH0662968A (en) * | 1991-03-19 | 1994-03-08 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Rotary cooker |
US5329842A (en) * | 1993-09-15 | 1994-07-19 | Lyco Manufacturing, Inc. | Combination blancher and cooler |
-
1998
- 1998-03-10 DE DE19810240A patent/DE19810240C1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1999
- 1999-02-06 WO PCT/EP1999/000796 patent/WO1999045830A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1999-02-06 DE DE59905460T patent/DE59905460D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-06 AU AU29252/99A patent/AU747866B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1999-02-06 EP EP99910202A patent/EP1061842B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-02-06 DK DK99910202T patent/DK1061842T3/en active
- 1999-02-06 AT AT99910202T patent/ATE239412T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-02-06 PT PT99910202T patent/PT1061842E/en unknown
- 1999-02-06 CA CA002323420A patent/CA2323420C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-02-06 ES ES99910202T patent/ES2198900T3/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2004
- 2004-04-21 US US10/829,480 patent/USRE39256E1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES2198900T3 (en) | 2004-02-01 |
ATE239412T1 (en) | 2003-05-15 |
WO1999045830A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
EP1061842A1 (en) | 2000-12-27 |
CA2323420A1 (en) | 1999-09-16 |
CA2323420C (en) | 2006-04-18 |
DE19810240C1 (en) | 1999-09-09 |
DK1061842T3 (en) | 2003-09-01 |
USRE39256E1 (en) | 2006-09-05 |
EP1061842B1 (en) | 2003-05-07 |
AU747866B2 (en) | 2002-05-23 |
PT1061842E (en) | 2003-09-30 |
DE59905460D1 (en) | 2003-06-12 |
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |