AU2021101015A4 - Ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production - Google Patents
Ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production Download PDFInfo
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- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 25
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 24
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- 241000252233 Cyprinus carpio Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
Abstract
Austracy
The present invention relates to a breeding method, and particularly relates to
an ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production. The
method includes the following steps: (1) pond preparation; (2) fingerling stocking; (3)
feeding with feed; (4) water quality management; (5) harvest of adult fishes; (6)
supplementation of fish fry; and (7) cycle harvest and supplementation of fish fry.
According to the breeding method in the present invention, the fish fry may be
continuously added for more than 5 times per year; the fishes are sold for more than
5 times; annual net production exceeds 2500 kg per mu; and cycle production is
realized without water change or medication. The method can fully utilize water in
ponds, maintains relative stability of water quality and sediment quality, and has
extremely high economic benefits and social benefits.
1
Description
Austracy
The present invention relates to a breeding method, and particularly relates to an ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production. The method includes the following steps: (1) pond preparation; (2) fingerling stocking; (3) feeding with feed; (4) water quality management; (5) harvest of adult fishes; (6) supplementation of fish fry; and (7) cycle harvest and supplementation of fish fry. According to the breeding method in the present invention, the fish fry may be continuously added for more than 5 times per year; the fishes are sold for more than times; annual net production exceeds 2500 kg per mu; and cycle production is realized without water change or medication. The method can fully utilize water in ponds, maintains relative stability of water quality and sediment quality, and has extremely high economic benefits and social benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a breeding method, and particularly relates to an ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production.
Background
Grass carp is the largest freshwater fish breeding species in China at present. Nationwide breeding modes are quite different, and listed specifications are also different. However, there is a common phenomenon, i.e., annual net production is generally low and is less than 1250 kg per mu. Moreover, the listed specifications are non-uniform; price fluctuation is great; profit is low; and turnover of capital is slow. Further, due to many diseases caused by poor water quality in the breeding process, frequent medication and large water discharging and changing amounts are indirectly caused. This objective situation causes poor quality, instability and low profit in grass carp production in China, and rivers are often polluted by tail water of ponds. In addition, with respect to "supermarket grass carp" with increasing enormous market demands year by year, no mature and feasible methods are provided in China. Under the new situation, requirements for environmental protection and food safety in domestic society have been elevated to legislative heights. While meeting environmental protection and food safety production requirements in fishery, targeted research and development of energy-saving and efficient production technologies for grass carp of "supermarket grass carp" specifications will certainly bring revolutionary influences on the grass carp industry.
Description
Summary With respect to the above defects, the present invention provides an ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production. The present invention completely meets current national requirements for ecological environmental protection and food safety, greatly increases net production of ponds, increases a capital turnover rate, increases annual profit and provides a feasible operating method for healthy sustainable development of the grass carp industry. The above purpose is achieved through the following solution: The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production includes the following steps: (1) pond preparation: cleaning and drying up a pond; maintaining sediments of 5-10 cm; introducing water filtered by a fine net of 60-80 meshes, preferably 60 meshes, into the pond; maintaining an average water depth of 2-2.5 m; adding tea seed meal into the pond by 20-75 kg per mu; and finally adding quick lime into the pond by 50-200 kg per mu; (2) fingerling stocking: adding 2000-3000 grass carps having the weight of 250-500 g per fish, 100-1000 golden carps having the weight of 100-150 g per fish, -60 bighead carps having the weight of 500-650 g per fish and 10-20 silver carps having the weight of 250 g per fish per mu, wherein a fish amount of the grass carps is 500-750 kg per mu; and the total fish amount of the other fishes is 75-100 kg per mu; (3) feeding with feed: feeding the fishes twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively, and feeding the fishes in a feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen; (4) water quality management: sprinkling water with 5 kg of quick lime in the pond per mu once every half a month; and regulating the water with photosynthetic
Description
bacteria in the pond per mu, wherein the quick lime and the photosynthetic bacteria are used at an interval of more than 3 days; (5) harvest of adult fishes: catching fishes for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; and totally harvesting the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish, wherein other fishes with enough specifications may be simultaneously harvested; and the other fishes with enough specifications preferably include bighead carps having the weight of more than 1500 g per fish, golden carps having the weight of more than 400 g per fish and silver carps having the weight of more than 1000 g per fish; (6) supplementation of fish fry: immediately supplementing the fish fry after harvesting; supplementing grass carps having a corresponding weight of 250-500 g per fish according to the weight of the sold grass carps; ensuring that the fish amount of the supplemented grass carps is in a range of 750-1000 kg per mu; and synchronously supplementing matched fishes, wherein the fish amount of the supplemented matched fishes is preferably up to 75-100 kg per mu; (7) cycle harvest and supplementation of fish fry: harvesting the fishes within -60 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and supplementing the fish fry for conducting continuous cycle production. Through the above ecological breeding method, cycle production can be realized; the fish fry may be probably continuously added for 5 times or more in a year; the fishes are harvested for 5 times or more; the annual net production exceeds 2500 kg per mu; water change or medication may be avoided; relative stability of water quality and sediment quality is maintained; safe cycle production is realized; and the method has extremely high economic benefits and social benefits. In the above method, in the step (1), a certain amount of sediments are maintained; the water filtered by the fine net of 60 meshes is introduced into the pond; wild fishes are removed with tea seed meal by 25 kg per mu; and hardness
Description
and alkalinity of the water are increased with the quick lime by 100 kg per mu. Therefore, the following problems can be solved: sediment stability in the later breeding process is affected due to too fewer sediments, insufficient base fertilizer or too low redox potential; content of nitrite and ammonia nitrogen is too high; smaller wild fish fry and fish eggs are introduced into the pond to fight for foods and consume oxygen due to the water filtered by the fine net of 60 meshes; or bacterial diversity of the water body is decreased and water self-purification capacity is affected because a pond cleaning agent or trichloroisocyanuric acid and other disinfectors are used instead of large-dose quick lime. This step maintains sediment stability in a future breeding period and greatly affects the cycle production. In the above method, in the step (2), different from generally adopted small-size fingerling feeding in the prior art, large-size fingerling feeding is adopted; the fishes may appear on the market in a short time; listed specifications and numbers of cycles are maintained; and it is finally proved that the economic benefits can be increased. In the above method, in the step (3), when the fishes are fed in the feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen, a feed coefficient can be increased; diseases are reduced; and a growth rate is increased. In the above method, in the step (4), the alkalinity and hardness of the water are increased with regular use of quick lime; the bacterial diversity in the pond is promoted in combination with the photosynthetic bacteria suitable for freshwater so as to stabilize the water quality; and compared with an existing regular disinfection technology or a multi-microbial preparation treatment technology, the step (4) realizes stable and economic water quality, practicability, high effectiveness and strong reproducibility. This step is proved to well stabilize the water quality.
Description
In the above method, in the steps (5) and (6), majorly fed supermarket grass carps and matched omnivorous bighead carps, silver carps and golden carps are harvested/sold together and supplemented together; and fish and capital turnover scales are higher and larger. Different from the operations that the supermarket grass carps are sold and the matched bighead carps, silver carps and golden carps are harvested/sold at a time at the end of the year in the prior art, the method in the present invention adopts a manner of simultaneously harvesting/selling all the fishes, which is the key of stabilizing the water quality as well as the core of cycle production. In the present invention, the grass carps are majorly fed fishes, and the bighead carps, silver carps and golden carps are matched fishes. Preferably, the ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production includes the following steps: (1) pond preparation: cleaning and drying up a pond; maintaining sediments of 5-10 cm; introducing water filtered by a fine net of 60 meshes into the pond; maintaining an average water depth of 2-2.5 m; adding tea seed meal into the pond by 25 kg per mu to remove wild fishes; and finally adding quick lime into the pond by 100 kg per mu to increase hardness and alkalinity of the water; (2) fingerling stocking: adding 2000-3000 grass carps having the weight of 250-500 g per fish, 500 golden carps having the weight of 100-150 g per fish, 40 bighead carps having the weight of 500-650 g per fish and 15 silver carps having the weight of 250 g per fish per mu, wherein a fish amount of the majorly fed grass carps is ensured to be 500-750 kg per mu; and the total fish amount of the other matched fishes is 75-100 kg per mu; (3) feeding with feed: feeding the fishes twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively, and feeding the fishes in a feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen;
Description
(4) water quality management: sprinkling water with 5 kg of quick lime in the pond per mu once every half a month; and regulating the water with photosynthetic bacteria in the pond per mu once every half a month, wherein the quick lime and the photosynthetic bacteria are used at an interval of more than 3 days; (5) harvest of adult fishes: catching fishes for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; catching larger fishes and reserving smaller fishes; and totally harvesting or selling the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish, wherein the bighead carps having the weight of more than 1500 g per fish, the golden carps having the weight of more than 400 g per fish and the silver carps having the weight of more than 1000 g per fish can be simultaneously harvested; (6) supplementation of fish fry: immediately supplementing the fish fry after harvesting; supplementing grass carps having a corresponding weight of 250-500 g per fish according to the weight of the sold grass carps; ensuring that the fish amount of the supplemented grass carps is in a range of 750-1000 kg per mu; and synchronously supplementing matched fishes, wherein the fish amount of the supplemented matched fishes is preferably up to 75-100 kg per mu; (7) cycle harvest and supplementation of fish fry: harvesting the fishes within -60 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and supplementing the fish fry for conducting continuous cycle production. Preferably, the tea seed meal is soaked with pond water for 12 hours and spilled into the whole pond with residues and juice. Preferably, in the step (1), after the tea seed meal is added into the pond, all aerators are started to fully mix the tea seed meal. Preferably, in the step (1), a manner of adding the quick lime into the pond by 100 kg per mu includes: dissolving the quick lime with the pond water; slowly adding water in the heating process; spilling the warm quick lime, preferably at a temperature of 40°C-60°C; and starting the aerators to fully mix the quick lime and water.
Description
Preferably, the grass carp species added in the method is grass carp species immunized by grass carp vaccines. Preferably, the golden carp species added in the method is golden carp species that has no sporozoan and has a female rate of more than 95%. Preferably, in the step (3), the operation of feeding in the feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen is as follows: the dissolved oxygen in the feeding area is more than 3 mg/L during feeding. Preferably, the sufficient dissolved oxygen in the feeding area may be used by a dissolved oxygen system; the dissolved oxygen system includes a feeding area, a waterwheel aerator or an airlift push water machine, four paddle aerators and a water quality monitoring system; the feeding area is arranged at a lower air inlet of the pond; the waterwheel aerator or the airlift push water machine is 4 m away from the feeding area; the four paddle aerators are distributed around the feeding area; a spacing between every two adjacent paddle aerators is 6 m; and the water quality monitoring system is arranged in the feeding area. Preferably, the feeding area is arranged in an area which is 3 m away from the pond edge on one side of the lower air inlet position of the pond. Preferably, the four paddle aerators and the waterwheel aerator or the airlift push water machine are arranged clockwise. In the dissolved oxygen system, the dissolved oxygen in the feeding area can be conveniently and economically realized; and dissolved oxygen produced by photosynthesis can be fully utilized. Preferably, the photosynthetic bacteria in the step (4) are photosynthetic bacteria suitable to be used in a freshwater area. Preferably, the harvest in the step (5) includes: catching fishes for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; catching larger fishes and reserving smaller fishes; and totally harvesting the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish when more than 50% of the fishes are controlled to reach the
'7
Description
weight of more than 850 g per fish and the amount of oversized fishes having the weight of more than 1100 g per fish does not exceed 5%, wherein the bighead carps having the weight of more than 1500 g per fish, the golden carps having the weight of more than 400 g per fish and the silver carps having the weight of more than 1000 g per fish can be simultaneously harvested. Preferably, the operation of supplementing fish fry in the step (6) of the method is as follows: the fingerlings are supplemented to a range of a pond storage amount of 750-1000 kg per mu. Preferably, the operation of supplementing fish fry in the step (6) of the method is completed within 5 days after harvesting. According to the breeding method in the present invention, the fish fry may be continuously added for more than 5 times per year; the fishes are sold for more than 5 times; the annual net production exceeds 2500 kg per mu; and cycle production is realized without water change or medication. The method can fully utilize the water in the ponds, maintains relative stability of water quality and sediment quality, and has extremely high economic benefits and social benefits. The present invention has beneficial effects as follows: (1) The pond is systematically and scientifically prepared, thereby laying a solid foundation for future normal production. (2) The large fingerlings are added, thereby shortening the breeding period. (3) The large-size matched fishes such as the bighead carps, silver carps and golden carps are added, thereby enhancing purification capability of the water and increasing pond biodiversity. (4) The fishes are precisely fed on premise of sufficient dissolved oxygen, thereby avoiding the problems of feed waste and poor absorption. (5) The hardness and alkalinity of the water body are increased through regular use of the quick lime; and the microbial diversity of the water body is
Description
increased through regular use of the photosynthetic bacteria, thereby accelerating metabolism of microbes and algae in the water and stabilizing the water quality. (6) The fishes are sold once every 45-60 days, and the fish fry is supplemented once; cycle production is realized; the capital turnover rate is greatly increased; the rate of profit is significantly increased; and investment risk is reduced. (7) The method realizes annual cycle production; only insufficient water is supplemented instead of changing water; and pollution of breeding tail water to the environment is eliminated. (8) In the method, the annual fish amount per mu is not lower than 750 kg; the water quality is stabilized; the processes of cleaning the pond and introducing and regulating the water are greatly omitted; and non-productive time is saved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments. Embodiment 1 Step 1: pond preparation: a pond was cleaned and dried up; oxidized sediments of 5-10 cm were maintained; water filtered by a fine net of 60 meshes was introduced into the pond; an average water depth of 2 m was maintained; then tea seed meal was added into the pond by 25 kg per mu to remove wild fishes; and finally quick lime was added into the pond by 100 kg per mu to increase hardness and alkalinity of the water; Step 2: fingerling stocking: large fingerlings were added; 2000 grass carps having the weight of 300 g per fish, 500 golden carps having the weight of 150 g per fish, 40 bighead carps having the weight of 500 g per fish and 15 silver carps having the weight of 250 g per fish were added per mu, wherein a fish amount of
Description
the majorly fed grass carps was about 750 kg per mu; and the total fish amount of the other matched fishes was 100 kg per mu; Step 3: feeding with feed: the fishes were fed twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively, and the fishes were fed in a feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen; Step 4: water quality management: water was sprinkled with 5 kg of quick lime in the pond per mu once every half a month; and the water was regulated with photosynthetic bacteria in the pond per mu once every half a month, wherein the quick lime and the photosynthetic bacteria were used at an interval of more than 3 days; Step 5: selling of adult fishes: fishes may be caught and sold for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; larger fishes were caught and smaller fishes were reserved; and the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish were totally harvested and sold, wherein the bighead carps having the weight of more than 1500 g per fish, the golden carps having the weight of more than 400 g per fish and the silver carps having the weight of more than 1000 g per fish can be simultaneously harvested and sold; Step 6: supplementation of fish fry: the fish fry was immediately supplemented after the fishes were sold; grass carps having a corresponding weight of 250-500 g per fish were supplemented according to the weight of the sold grass carps; it was ensured that the fish amount of the supplemented grass carps was in a range of 750-1000 kg per mu; and matched fishes were synchronously supplemented until the total fish amount was up to 75-100 kg per mu; Step 7: cycle fish selling and supplementation of fish fry: the fishes were sold within 45-60 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and the fish fry was supplemented for conducting continuous cycle production. Embodiment 2
1iA
Description
Supermarket grass carps were bred in a 500-mu pond of a farmer in Minzhong Town, Zhongshan City, Guangdong by utilizing the method in embodiment 1 of the present invention. Grass carp was the majorly fed species; silver carp and bighead carp were matched fishes; cycle production was conducted within 3 years from 2015 to 2017; the fishes were sold for 5 times per year; annual net production of the supermarket grass carp exceeded 2500 kg; annual gross profit margin was up to 50%; only river water was added into the pond; and the water was not discharged out, thereby meeting the zero emission standard. Embodiment 3 Supermarket grass carps were bred in a 100-mu pond of a farmer in Leping Town, Foshan, Guangdong by utilizing the method in embodiment 1 of the present invention. Grass carp was the majorly fed species; silver carp, bighead carp and fork-tail fishes were matched fishes; cycle production was conducted within 3 years from 2015 to 2017; the fishes were sold for 5 times per year; annual net production of the supermarket grass carp exceeded 2500 kg; annual gross profit margin was up to 60%; only river water was added into the pond; and the water was not discharged out, thereby meeting the zero emission standard. Reference example 1 Supermarket grass carps were bred in a 50-mu pond of a farmer in Zhongshan, Guangdong according to the following method: Step 1: pond preparation: a pond was cleaned and dried up; there were fewer sediments at the bottom of the pond; water filtered by a fine net of 40 meshes was introduced into the pond at a water depth of 1.5 m; then wild fishes were removed with pesticides; and finally the pond water was disinfected with bleaching powder; Step 2: fingerling stocking: small fingerlings were added; 3000 grass carps having the weight of 100 g per fish, 500 golden carps having the weight of 10 g per fish, 40 bighead carps having the weight of 5 g per fish and 15 silver carps having the weight of 5 g per fish were added per mu, wherein a fish amount of the majorly
Description
fed grass carps was about 300 kg per mu; and the total fish amount of the other matched fishes was 10 kg per mu; Step 3: feeding with feed: the fishes were fed twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively; and sufficient dissolved oxygen in a feeding area cannot be ensured; Step 4: water quality management: water was not regularly regulated; if the water quality was poor, the farmer requests help for fish pharmacy; algae were frequently dumped in middle and later breeding periods; and content of ammonia nitrogen or nitrite was often higher; Step 5: selling of adult fishes: fishes were caught and sold for the first time after normal feeding of 100-120 days generally; larger fishes were caught and smaller fishes were reserved; the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish were totally sold; and the other matched fishes such as the silver carp, bighead carp and golden carp did not reach listed specifications; Step 6: supplementation of fish fry: grass carp fingerlings were immediately supplemented by 100 g after the fishes were sold; grass carps having a corresponding weight were supplemented according to the weight of the sold grass carps; and the matched fishes were not supplemented; Step 7: cycle fish selling and supplementation of fish fry: the fishes were sold within 100-120 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and the fish fry was supplemented for conducting continuous cycle production. Reference example 2 Supermarket grass carps were bred in a 120-mu pond of a farmer in Datang Town, Sanshui, Guangdong according to the following method: Step 1: pond preparation: a pond was cleaned and dried up; a thickness of sediments was 40 cm; water filtered by a fine net of 40 meshes was introduced into the pond at a water depth of 1.5 m; then wild fishes were removed with pesticides; and finally the pond water was disinfected with bleaching powder;
1)
Description
Step 2: fingerling stocking: small fingerlings were added; 1500 grass carps having the weight of 250 g per fish, 500 golden carps having the weight of 10 g per fish, 500 fork-tail fishes having the weight of 10 g per fish, 40 bighead carps having the weight of 5 g per fish and 15 silver carps having the weight of 5 g per fish were added per mu, wherein a fish amount of the majorly fed grass carps was about 375 kg per mu; and the total fish amount of the other matched fishes was 20 kg per mu; Step 3: feeding with feed: the fishes were fed twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively; and sufficient dissolved oxygen in a feeding area cannot be ensured; Step 4: water quality management: water was not regularly regulated; if the water quality was poor, the farmer requests help for fish pharmacy; algae were frequently dumped in middle and later breeding periods; and content of ammonia nitrogen or nitrite was often higher; Step 5: selling of adult fishes: fishes were caught and sold for the first time after normal feeding of 80-100 days generally; larger fishes were caught and smaller fishes were reserved; the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish were totally sold; and the other matched fishes such as the silver carp, bighead carp and golden carp did not reach listed specifications; Step 6: supplementation of fish fry: grass carp fingerlings were immediately supplemented by 250 g after the fishes were sold; grass carps having a corresponding weight were supplemented according to the weight of the sold grass carps; and the matched fishes were not supplemented; Step 7: cycle fish selling and supplementation of fish fry: the fishes were sold within 80-100 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and the fish fry was supplemented for conducting continuous cycle production. The farmer mainly sold the supermarket grass carps for 3 times and sold the matched fishes once every year. The fish amount was relatively low; the water
Description
quality easily deteriorated; turnover of capital was slow; many drugs were used; and the water should be often changed and discharged because the ammonia nitrogen or nitrite exceeded the standard. Comparison between the method in the present invention and existing methods is as follows: No. Item Method in the present invention Existing methods 1 Pond preparation Sediment height and treatment have The sediment has no standard; standards; granularity of a water biological control of the water source introducing net is not lower than 60 is inadequate; and dose of the quick meshes; quick lime is used with large lime is severely insufficient, thereby dose, thereby ensuring hardness and causing lower hardness and alkalinity of the water in the pond alkalinity of the water in the pond. 2 Fingerling stocking Large-size, fish amount of 750 kg per Small-size, fish amount of 400 kg mu or more. per mu or less. 3 Feeding with feed Quantity of dissolved oxygen in the Quantity of dissolved oxygen in the feeding area is ensured during feeding. feeding area is not ensured during feeding. 4 Water quality Specified products are actively and Added products or drugs are management regularly added for regulating water; passively abused; and the water is drugs are forbidden; and water is not often discharged and changed. discharged or changed. Selling fishes and The fishes are sold once within 60 The fishes are sold once within 80 supplementing fish days; the fishes are sold for 5 times per days; the supermarket grass carps are fry year; the supermarket grass carp and sold for 2-3 times per year; and the the matched fishes are sold together matched fishes are sold once per and supplemented together; and all the year. fishes are sold and supplemented any time. 6 Capital Quick turnover of capital; annual Slow turnover of capital; annual turnover of 5 times turnover of 2-3 times 7 Environmental The method avoids water discharge In the method, the water is often protection and and medication; production traceability discharged and changed, and drugs energy conservation of food safety of the supermarket grass are often used. Production carp is controllable; and the external traceability of food safety of the river environment is not polluted. supermarket grass carp is difficult to be controlled; and the river is polluted by breeding tail water.
The above only describes specific preferred embodiments of the present invention. However, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to
1A
Description
the embodiments. Equivalent replacements or changes made by those skilled in the art in the technical scope disclosed by the present invention in accordance with technical solutions of the present invention and concepts thereof shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production, comprising the following steps: (1) pond preparation: cleaning and drying up a pond; maintaining sediments of 5-10 cm; then, introducing water filtered by a fine net of 60-80 meshes into the pond; maintaining an average water depth of 2-2.5 m; adding tea seed meal into the pond by 20-75 kg per mu; and finally adding quick lime into the pond by 50-200 kg per mu; (2) fingerling stocking: adding 2000-3000 grass carps having the weight of 250-500 g per fish, 100-1000 golden carps having the weight of 100-150 g per fish, -60 bighead carps having the weight of 500-650 g per fish and 10-20 silver carps having the weight of 250 g per fish per mu, wherein a fish amount of the grass carps is 500-750 kg per mu and the total fish amount of the other fishes is 75-100 kg per mu; (3) feeding with feed: feeding the fishes twice per day, i.e., in the morning and in the afternoon respectively, and feeding the fishes in a feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen; (4) water quality management: sprinkling water with 5 kg of quick lime in the pond per mu once every half a month; and regulating the water with photosynthetic bacteria in the pond per mu, wherein the quick lime and the photosynthetic bacteria are used at an interval of more than 3 days; (5) harvest of adult fishes: catching fishes for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; and totally harvesting the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish, wherein other fishes with enough specifications may be harvested; (6) supplementation of fish fry: immediately supplementing the fish fry after harvest; supplementing grass carps having a corresponding weight of 250-500 g per fish according to the weight of the sold grass carps; ensuring that the fish
Claims
amount of the supplemented grass carps is in a range of 750-1000 kg per mu; and synchronously supplementing matched fishes; (7) cycle harvest and supplementation of fish fry: harvesting the fishes within -60 days after the last fish fry supplementing; and supplementing the fish fry for conducting continuous cycle production.
2. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the tea seed meal is soaked with pond water for 12 hours and then spilled into the whole pond with residues and juice.
3. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), a manner of adding the quick lime into the pond by 50-200 kg per mu is: dissolving the quick lime with the pond water; slowly adding water in the heating process; spilling the warm quick lime into the whole pond; and simultaneously starting aerators to fully mix the quick lime and water.
4. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the grass carp species added in the method is grass carp species immunized by grass carp vaccines.
5. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the golden carp species added in the method is golden carp species that has no sporozoan and has a female rate of more than 95%.
6. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the operation of feeding in the feeding area with sufficient dissolved oxygen is as follows: the dissolved oxygen in the feeding area is more than 3 mg/L during feeding.
7. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the sufficient dissolved oxygen in the feeding area may be used by a dissolved oxygen system; the dissolved oxygen
Claims
system comprises a feeding area, a waterwheel aerator or an airlift push water machine, four paddle aerators and a water quality monitoring system; the feeding area is arranged at a lower air inlet of the pond; the waterwheel aerator or the airlift push water machine is 4 m away from the feeding area; the four paddle aerators are distributed around the feeding area; a spacing between every two adjacent paddle aerators is 6 m; and the water quality monitoring system is arranged in the feeding area.
8. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the harvest in the step (5) comprises: catching fishes for the first time after normal feeding of 45-60 days; and totally harvesting the grass carps having the weight of more than 850 g per fish when more than 50% of the fishes are controlled to reach the weight of more than 850 g per fish and the amount of oversized fishes having the weight of more than 1100 g per fish does not exceed 5%, wherein other matched fishes such as silver carps, bighead carps and golden carps with enough specifications can be simultaneously harvested.
9. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the operation of supplementing fish fry in the step (6) of the method is as follows: the fingerlings are supplemented to a range of a pond storage amount of 750-1000 kg per mu.
10. The ecological breeding method for supermarket grass carp in cycle production according to claim 1, wherein the operation of supplementing fish fry in the step (6) of the method is completed within 5 days after the harvest.
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