AU2021100843A4 - Simulation And Safety Early-Warning Method For The Structure Failure Of Steel Structure Poles And Towers Induced By Wildfire - Google Patents
Simulation And Safety Early-Warning Method For The Structure Failure Of Steel Structure Poles And Towers Induced By Wildfire Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a simulation and safety early-warning method for the
structure failure of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire. Based on the
distributed non-contact sensor, multi-antenna diversity synthesis receiving mode and
remote server, it analyzes the time-varying space temperature field of wildfire by
Fluent, uses ANSYS/ABAQUS/COMSOL and other nonlinear finite element analysis
tools to conduct structure fire-resistance tests, couples the two and implements
dynamic simulation, threshold comparison and image fitting to establish the
theoretical calculation, nonlinear finite element simulation and data analysis model
for the fire-resistance characteristics, gradual stress profit and loss, stress deformation
and collapse danger level determination of steel structure poles and towers.
Advantages: It can provide guidance for the planning, design, operation and
maintenance of various towers and various voltage levels of transmission line steel
structure poles and towers, and realize the safe operation and structure failure early
warning of steel structure poles and towers and smart grids.
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Description
Figure 3
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Descriptions Simulation and Safety Early-warning Method for the Structure Failure of Steel Structure Poles and Towers Induced by Wildfire
Technical Field
[0001] The invention relates to a simulation and safety early-warning method for the
structure failure of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire, which belongs
to the field of wildfire prevention simulation and prediction technology.
Background Technology
[0002] Transmission lines are the lifeblood of the operation of smart grids. Currently, one of the main methods of power transmission at home and abroad is to use high
altitude overhead transmission lines, and the transmission line poles and towers are
indispensable important infrastructure for smart grids. In recent years, due to the rapid
development of China's power grid construction, more and more transmission lines
pass through the mountainous areas with dense vegetation, and high-voltage
transmission line poles and towers are usually laid on the mountain top according to
the direction of the line. However, in this case, the occurrence and development of
wildfires are inevitable, which poses a long-term serious threat to the safe operation of
transmission lines and their constituent elements.
[0003] In recent years, the transmission line corridor areas across the country (under
the jurisdiction of State Grid Corporation of China and China Southern Power Grid
Corporation) have been increasingly infested by wildfires, and the fire areas often go
deep into the base of the tower, which puts forward the expected requirements for the
fire-resistance level of high-voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers.
It is urgent to avoid secondary catastrophic events such as gradual structure failure, tilt,
deformation and even collapse of the pole and tower structure elements and the collapse of the power grids to ensure the safety and reliability of the power system.
However, this point is not involved and reflected in the current national standards and power sector regulations such as the Technical Regulations for 220kV~5OOkV Compact
Overhead Transmission Line Design (DL/T 5217-2013), the Construction and Acceptance
Regulations for 110kV750kV Overhead Transmission Line (GB 50233-2014), the
Technical Regulationsfor Overhead Transmission Line Pole and Tower Structure Design
(DL/T 5154-2012), the Technical Regulations for Ultra-high Voltage Overhead
Transmission Line Pole and Tower Structure Design (DL/T 5486-2013), the Regulations
for 110kV750kV Overhead Transmission Line Design (GB 50545-2010) and the Technical
Regulationsfor11OkV500kV Overhead TransmissionLine Design (DL/T 5092-1999).
[0004] The types of wildfires can be divided into medium-speed and high-speed (the
spreading rate is between 2.1-20.0m/min and above 20.0m/min, respectively) medium
high intensity surface fires, crown fires and coronal fires, successively, or surface fires
turn into crown fires. The maximum fire plume temperature and duration of crown
fires exceed 1330°C and less than 3.0s, respectively. However, when the surface of steel
structure poles and towers is exposed to thermal radiation of about 150°C, the iron tower
material begins to undergo plastic creep; when the temperature is about 600°C, the yield
strength of tower material tends to zero directly. Under the wildfire environment, the
high-voltage transmission line poles and towers will inevitably have the risk of losing
their bearing capacity completely, so it is urgent to conduct special applied basic scientific
research from the perspective of "Treating the Root".
[0005] However, in terms of the research on wildfires of high-voltage transmission
lines at home and abroad, most of them still focus on the environment analysis of the
formation of wildfires, and the research on the fire-resistance design andfire-resistance
characteristics of high-voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers is still
in a blank state. The patent can provide an overall solution for this.
Summary of the Invention
[0006] The invention proposes a simulation and safety early-warning method for the
structure failure of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire, the purpose is to develop a data analysis model on account of the defects that the research on the fire resistance design and fire-resistance characteristics of high-voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers is still in a blank state in the existing technology, and the fire-resistance characteristics and collapse danger level determination of high-voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers under wildfire conditions. It performs simulation and early-warning design for the fire-resistance characteristics of high voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers, and provides guidance for the planning, design, operation and maintenance of various high-voltage, extra-high voltage and ultra-high voltage AC/DC transmission lines steel structure poles and towers to ensure the reliability and stable operation of the power grids.
[0007] The technical solution of the invention: The simulation and safety early
warning method for the structure failure of steel structure poles and towers induced by
wildfire comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishment of 3D CAD drawing model and feature database;
(2) Distributed non-contact sensor data postback;
(3) Analysis of fire-resistance heat flow field structure of high-voltage transmission pole
and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature field of members;
(4) Establishment of failure criterion and fire-resistance early-warning system for pole
and tower structure elements;
(5) Structure failure simulation experiment of steel structure poles and towers induced
by wildfire;
(6) Drawing a temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling curve model;
(7) Establishment of structure failure safety early-warning program of steel structure
poles and towers induced by wildfire.
[0008] The beneficial effects of the invention:
1) It can be used to simulate the temperature distribution and stress distribution
induced by the thermal field of steel structure poles and towers under wildfire conditions,
and display the temperature characteristics and stress deformation characteristics of pole and tower structure through real-time dynamic nephogram, and display the early-warning information in time.
[0009]2) It can be connected to non-contact temperature sensors and stress-strain sensors
and analyze the real-time data. It can be used to integrate large-scale distributed sensors
and portable sensors to provide pole and tower risk analysis and residual life detection
functions.
[0010]3) It can effectively establish the theoretical calculation, nonlinear finite element
simulation and data analysis model for the fire-resistance characteristics, gradual stress
profit and loss, stress deformation and collapse danger level determination of steel
structure poles and towers, so as to realize the safe operation and structure failure early
warning of steel structure poles and towers and smart grids.
[0011] 4) It can perform simulation and early-warning design for the fire-resistance
characteristics of high-voltage transmission line steel structure poles and towers, and
provide guidance for the planning, design, operation and maintenance of various high
voltage, extra-high voltage and ultra-high voltage AC/DC transmission lines steel
structure poles and towers to ensure the reliability and stable operation of the power
grids.
Brief Description of Drawings
[0013] Figure 1 is the relationship curve between bearing capacity and displacement of two
common failure models of axial force pole element.
[0014] Figure 2 is a 3D solid model of transmission line steel structure poles and towers
and related parts.
[0015] Figure 3 is a 3D solid model of transmission line steel structure poles and towers
and related parts.
[0016] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of the
transmitting device of distributed non-contact sensor data postback network.
[0017] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the composition and working principle of the
transmitting device of distributed non-contact sensor data postback network server.
Detailed Description of the Presently Preferred Embodiments
[0018] The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishment of 3D CAD drawing model and feature database;
(2) Distributed non-contact sensor data postback;
(3) Analysis of fire-resistance heat flow field structure of high-voltage transmission pole
and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature field of members;
(4) Establishment of failure criterion and fire-resistance early-warning system for pole
and tower structure elements;
(5) Structure failure simulation experiment of steel structure poles and towers induced
by wildfire;
(6) Drawing a temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling curve model;
(7) Establishment of structure failure safety early-warning program of steel structure
poles and towers induced by wildfire.
[0019] The establishment of 3D CAD drawing model and feature database in Step (1)
comprises:
1) Establish a 3D CAD drawing model based on the technical parameters of 500 kV
transmission line steel structure poles and towers and parts;
2) Use ANSYS workbench software to divide the nodes and elements of CAD
drawing model, and gradually apply the ultimate bearing capacity load to solve the
problem, analyze the static failure point of the high-voltage transmission pole and tower
members, store it in the typical static fault simulation database, and establish a training
sample set;
3) Perform digital coding for typical static faults, the digital coding uses a two
stage coding mode, the high byte represents the external load level, and the low byte represents the offset caused by the external load, and establish a dual-parameter fault risk analysis database;
4) Import the pole and tower project file that divides the mesh with ICEM software into Fluent, use the thermal coupling function of Fluent software to set the
fireline intensity, flame height, flame length, temperature field change, simulate the
thermal distribution nephogram of poles and towers and their surroundings under
wildfire conditions, and the instability data of pole and tower bearing structure under
high temperature, store them in the typical dynamic fault simulation database, and
establish a training sample set;
5) Perform digital coding for typical dynamic faults, the digital coding uses a two
stage coding mode, the high byte represents the external thermal field number, and the
low byte represents the thermal distribution nephogram number, and import a dual
parameter fault risk analysis database.
[0020] The distributed non-contact sensor data postback in Step (2) adopts a distributed
non-contact sensor data postback network system, which comprises a transmitting
device, a receiving device and a server. The transmitting device collects the data signal
through the non-contact sensor, then encodes and modulates the carrier wave and sends
it to the receiving device through the antenna, and the receiving device receives the
signal sent by the transmitting device, demodulates and decodes the carrier signal in real
time, and accesses to the server database for filtering.
[0021] The transmitting device comprises a non-contact sensor, a transmitting station, a power amplifier and an antenna; the non-contact sensor acquisition model inputs the
analog digital signal to the transmitting station, the transmitting station collects,
compresses, encodes and encrypts the analog digital signal and modulates it to the
carrier signal, and the modulated signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then
sent to the receiving device through the antenna.
[0022] The receiving device comprises an omnidirectional antenna, a low-noise
amplifier, a diversity synthesis receiver and a server. The server comprises a data receiver, a server host, a network switch and a power supply module; the output signal of the transmitting device is input into the diversity synthesis receiver through the omnidirectional antenna and the low-noise amplifier, and the diversity synthesis receiver inputs the carrier signal into the data receiver in the server, and uploads it to the
Internet through the server host and the network switch.
[0023] The analysis of fire-resistance heat flow field structure of high-voltage transmission
pole and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature field of members in Step
(3) comprises the following steps:
1) Import the 3D CAD drawing of steel structure poles and towers of 500 kV high
voltage transmission line into Fluent, and use Fluent to set the material of the model. The
material of the 500 kV transmission poles and towers is Q235, and its thermotechnical
parameters change with time, which belongs to nonlinear transient simulation;
2) Set the Fluent boundary conditions of the wildfire environment under ideal
conditions to simulate the real scene when the wildfire outbreaks; the differential equation
of 3D space control fire scene is:
a 8(p9) +--(pu)- ( 69 G W )+So
In the formula, p is the fluid density, and the unit is kg/m 3 ; Y is any variable, U;
is the fluctuation velocity, and the unit is m/s; Fo is the diffusion coefficient of
variable p, So is the source term of the variable; t is the time, and the unit is s;
3) During the combustion process, the fire plume and hot air flow are in a chaotic
state, which is a turbulent process. The standard equation of the turbulence model is
selected for data simulation;
4) The simulation temperature field change process belongs to the category of
nonlinear transient heat conduction, and the Fluent solver is set as the 3D non-steady
state hidden solver as the solving equation;
5) Initialize the Fluent model after setting;
6) Use Fluent to calculate and solve, and obtain the metal surface temperature
distribution of local members and the temperature change curve at a specific position
through the CFD-Post post-processing window.
[0024] The establishment of failure criterion and fire-resistance early-warning system for
pole and tower structure elements in Step (4) comprises the following steps:
1) Use the distributed non-contact sensor data postback network to obtain the
evolution process data of the temperature and stress-strain of the pole and tower structure
elements at different time nodes, and establish the finite element model of the
transmission line pole and tower structure in ANSYS, ABAQUS or COMSOL software;
2) Dynamically simulate the stress-strain evolution of structure elements and the
temperature distribution on the surface and the body under wildfire conditions, and
obtain the temperature, and stress-strain evolution process of typical part structure
elements of the pole and tower members at different dynamic time nodes in the
direction of spread and approach of the wildfire to the transmission line corridor.
Refine the line channel to approach to the wildfire fireline strength at single-base poles
and towers, the fire field temperature distribution, the flame spread rate, the fire plume
structure, the flame height, the flame length parameters as well as the high
temperature-induced stress deformation, the yield strength, the tensile strength, the
elasticity modulus, the surface and body temperature parameters of pole and tower
structure elements, build the correlation model of the above parameters, develop the
composite indicators, and establish the failure criterion andfire-resistance early-warning
system for pole and tower structure elements.
[0025] The structure failure simulation experiment of steel structure poles and towers
induced by wildfire in Step (5) comprises the following steps:
1) Construct the finite element model of time-varying space temperature field on
the surface of transmission line pole and tower structure by Fluent, and calculate the
temperature distribution diagram of the flame impact, thermal convection, thermal
radiation and convective heat transfer method that occurs when the wildfire occurs from the left side of the pole and tower to the structure element of the pole and tower members by Fluent, which is used as the input parameter of dynamic simulation temperature change;
2) Use ANSYS, ABAQUS or COMSOL software to construct the finite element model of the pole and tower mechanical field and draw the stress change curve under the
condition that the direction of the wildfire spread and the corridor direction of the
transmission line pole and tower intersect horizontally, vertically and obliquely, and then
bring the obtained finite element temperature field into the finite element model of the
mechanical field for calculation to obtain the mechanical field, and then perform the
mechanical performance test of the fire-resistance of the transmission line pole and
tower structure to determine whether the structural system has formed a variable
mechanism and its formation period and mode. "Yes" corresponds to the collapse of the
structure, "No" judges whether the structure has exceeded the allowable design range
according to the residual deformation of the structure element, and obtains the fire
resistance time according to the deformation time curve of the structure element,
determines whether the structure meets the regulatory requirements according to the
fire-resistance time, evaluates whether the transmission line pole and tower structure
system collapses or exceeds the design limit according to the calculation results, judges
the overall reliability of the pole and tower, and develop the theoretical calculation,
nonlinear finite element simulation and data analysis model for thefire-resistance
characteristics, gradual stress profit and loss, stress deformation and collapse danger
level determination of steel structure poles and towers.
[0026] Drawing a temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling curve model in Step
(6): Use multiple simulation data experiments, combine static steel structure pole and tower
failure data and high-voltage transmission line pole and tower temperature distribution
diagram and stress deformation distribution diagram under the action of thermal field, use
temperature impact data on the physical properties of steel structure materials to obtain the
ultimate stress of the failure point of the member under different thermal field conditions, and draw the collapse data curve model of temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling steel structure poles and towers.
[0027] The establishment of structure failure safety early-warning program of steel
structure poles and towers induced by wildfire in Step (7): Write a python script file for
ANSYS Workbench to process the data obtained from the above distributed non-contact
sensor network and Fluent, ANSYS, ABAQUS or COMSOL software, and use pillow,
numpy or pyqtgraph for pixel recognition and threshold analysis. When the temperature
change reaches the stress-strain change of steel structure poles and towers, obtain the
stress change range and the temperature stress-strain curve of steel structure poles and
towers, meanwhile, fit and compare the data and image. Once the stress reaches the
threshold or there is a fitting trend between the temperature-stress-strain curve of steel
structure poles and towers and the collapse data curve of temperature-stress-strain two
parameter coupling steel structure poles and towers, the main program interface displays
danger early-warning, geographic information, dangerous parts and numerical indications,
and uses PyQt5 to write the monitoring interface, danger early-warning interface,
dynamic information prompt interface and auxiliary detection interface, so as to realize
the safety early-warning function.
[0028] The technical solution of the invention will be further described below in
conjunction with the drawings:
The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of steel
structure poles and towers induced by wildfire comprises the following modules:
1. Analysis of dynamic failure points of structure elements of high-voltage
transmission poles and towers.
[0029] For the transmission pole and tower structure system, when judging whether
each structure element is damaged, it is judged by whether its ultimate bearing capacity
reaches the limit value specified in the code. In the transmission pole and tower structure system, the failure modes of tie rods and compression rods are different. In
general, the compression rod is mostly stability failure, and the tie rod is mostly strength failure. In many literature on the pattern recognition of structure element failure, it is generally assumed that the stress-strain curve of the failed member is a platform or suddenly drops to zero. For compressed members, these two recognition modes may overestimate or underestimate the internal force that the member can bear after failure, and it is easy to cause structure failure path deviation.
[0030] In the transmission pole and tower structure system, the more reasonable
failure model for recognizing structure elements is that the tie rod adopts the elastic
plastic element failure model, and the yield point stress of the structure element
remains unchanged after yielding, but the structure element has no contribution to the
stiffness matrix of the structure system; while the compression rod can adopt the semi
elastic-plastic element failure model, it is assumed that the structure element still has a
certain bearing capacity after failure, and part of the internal force it bears will be
assigned to the structure element that has not failed.
[0031] As shown in Figure 1, it is the relationship curve between bearing capacity and
displacement of two common failure models of axial force pole element, a is the tensile
plastic element failure model, b is the compressed semi-elastic-plastic element failure model
(SP is the bearing capacity of the structure element, ' is the reduction coefficient of bearing
capacity after the instability of the compression rod).
[0032] The reduction coefficient of bearing capacity q is mainly related to the
slenderness ratio X of the structure element after the instability of the compression rod.
Starting from the basic theory of steel structure stability, establish the angle steel
model by using SHELL181 element in ANSYS for calculation and analysis, and fit the
bearing capacity-displacement curve of the angle steel structure element under
different X , and finally obtain: the final value of the structure element bearing
capacity decline is basically in a relatively stable section, and rt can take a value in the
range of 0.35~0.50.
[0033] The failure of a large complex structure system is different from the structure
failure of one structure element, but the result of a series of continuous structure element failures. Generally speaking, the structure system failure can be roughly classified into the following categories:
(1) The structure becomes a mechanism.
[0034] (2) The structure deformation is larger than the allowable value stipulated
in the Regulationsfor High-rise Structure Design (GBJ135-90).
[0035] (3) The structure can no longer bear additional loads or the bearing
capacity of structure elements decreases for the first time.
[0036] Use ANSYS12.0 Workbench to conduct static analysis of transmission
line steel structure pole and tower structure, the displacement and restraint
reaction force caused by external load can be solved, and the stress-strain
changes of the key points of the overall structure can be obtained through linear
analysis and nonlinear analysis. Therefore, according to the above-mentioned
structure failure categories, the boundary conditions can be set, and the structure
analysis can be conducted through the following steps relying on the software
(1) As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, according to the queried technical data of
500kV transmission line steel structure pole and tower parameters and related parts, on the
basis of reasonable simplification and equivalence of the structure, import the 3D solid
model of the transmission line steel structure poles and towers and related parts after 3D
CAD modeling in ANSYS Workbench 12.0 software.
[0037] (2) Import the 3D solid model of the transmission line steel structure poles
and towers and related parts into the "Static Structural (ANSYS)" interface of
ANSYS, and add reasonable constraints.
[0038] (3) Use the "Mesh" interface of ANSYS to mesh the parts of the
transmission line pole and tower steel structure and refine the mesh of the key
parts.
[0039] (4) Use ANSYS to analyze the fire-resistance strength, oscillation mode
and intrincic frequency of the entire transmission line steel structure poles and
towers.
[0040] 5) Through the results of dynamic analysis of ANSYS software, find out
the weak parts (parts) of the overall strength of the steel structure and the parts
with the largest deformation (deflection), and obtain the calculation position and
quantity of the local model of the steel structure.
[0041] (6) According to the local key parts determined by the overall strength
and deformation of the steel structure analyzed by ANSYS, perform non-linear
finite element analysis to determine the location of the test stress-strain signal
acquisition point. Meanwhile, the location of the signal acquisition point should
be considered to facilitate the installation and testing of the sensor, so as to
prepare for the next step to verify the consistency of the theory and the actual
measurement.
[0042] 2. The preliminary modeling takes the 500kV AC steel structure
transmission poles and towers with a height of 32m as an example. After
completing the preliminary 3D modeling through CAD, it is imported into
ANSYS for structure analysis.
[0043] Before meshing and generating nodes, it often needs to define the
element type, that is, the so-called characteristic of the specified analysis object.
There is no need to define the element type in ANSYS Workbench. The system
will automatically select the most suitable element type according to the
imported structure and model shape. Considering the amount of computation
and the complexity of the element, the system will give higher-level elements on
the basis of meeting the general solution and analysis. By associating the Finite
Element Modeler (FEM) option with the previous analysis project, you can view the
element type in the Element Types Summary of the FEM interface. The system has
automatically selected 2 Node Linear Beams for the steel structure and Beam188 for the beam element. The Beam188 element is suitable for the analysis of beam structure from medium tubbiness to slenderness (satisfying the formula E GAL A2/EI>30), where G is the shear modulus, and the unit is GPa, A is the sectional area, and the unit is m2, L is the length, and the unit is m, El is the bending stiffness, and the unit is N/m2).
The element takes into account the influence of shear deformation, and the element is
based on Timoshenko beam structure theory.
[0044] Beaml88 is a quadratic beam or a 3D linear (2-node) element. Beaml88
has six or seven degrees of freedom on each node, and the number of degrees of
freedom is determined by the value of KEYOPT (1). When KEYOPT (1) = 0
(default), each node has six degrees of freedom, they are translation along x, y,
z directions respectively and rotation around it. When KEYOPT (1) = 1, each
node has seven degrees of freedom, and the seventh degree of freedom is added,
which is the warpage of cross section. This element can be well applied to linear
(analysis), large angle rotation and nonlinear large stress and strain problems.
[0045] Beaml88 can not only define any cross section, but also support elastic,
creep and plastic models (without considering the secondary section shape). The
section of this element type can be a combined section composed of different
materials. Beaml88 ignores any real parameters since version 6.0. Therefore,
this project will select Beaml88 as the finite element.
[0046] After the preliminary preparation is completed, the entire poles and
towers should be meshed in the later stage of the project, and the ANSYS linear
static strength analysis function should be used to deconstruct the pole and
tower structure, so as to obtain the stress-strain change characteristics (stress
distribution and deformation effect) for measuring the transmission line steel
structure under fire-resistance and heating conditions, and then coupled with the
temperature field obtained by Fluent.
[0047] 3. Analysis of fire-resistance heat flow field structure of high-voltage
transmission pole and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature field
of members.
[0048] Fluent is a commonly used numerical simulation software that integrates
numerical simulation technology in the fields of fluid and thermodynamics. It
adopts multi-grid technology, has the characteristics of stable solution
convergence and fast convergence speed, and provides a wealth of physical
models. Relying on the multi-field coupling platform of ANSYS finite element
simulation software, the Mesh module provides Fluent with good pre-processing
functions, which can efficiently integrate a variety of CAD auxiliary modeling
software, can generate triangular and quadrilateral meshes required for 2D
numerical simulation and generate tetrahedronal and hexahedral meshes required
for 3D numerical simulation, and can easily process the detailed meshes of the
model, including mesh refinement, node coupling and other processing methods.
Meanwhile, the ANSYS platform provides a more user-friendly result post
processing window CFD-Post for Fluent software.
[0049] The Fluent software simulation will be performed through the following
steps:
1) Import the 3D CAD drawing of compact single circuit poles and towers of 500 kV
high-voltage transmission line into Fluent, and use Fluent to set the material of the model.
The material of the 500 kV transmission poles and towers (iron towers) is Q235, and its
thermotechnical parameters change with time, which belongs to nonlinear transient
simulation;
[0050] 2) Set the Fluent boundary conditions of the wildfire environment
under ideal conditions to simulate the real scene when the wildfire outbreaks.
The characteristic parameters of wildfire development and spread (fireline
intensity, flame height, flame length and temperature field, etc.) can be obtained
from the literature at home and abroad. The differential equation of 3D space
control fire scene is:
IV + (puo)= a (T,-+S,_O
In the formula, p is the fluid density, and the unit is kg/m 3 ; p is any variable; Ui
is the fluctuation velocity, and the unit is m/s;[e is the diffusion coefficient of
variable ; S is the source term of the variable; t is the time, and the unit is s;
[00511 3) During the combustion process, the fire plume and hot air flow are in a chaotic state, which is a turbulent process. The standard equation of the turbulence
model is selected for data simulation;
[0052] 4) The simulation temperature field change process of the study belongs to the
category of nonlinear transient heat conduction, and the Fluent solver is set as the 3D
non-steady state hidden solver as the solving equation;
[0053] 5) Initialize the Fluent model after setting;
[0054] 6) Use Fluent to calculate and solve, and obtain the metal surface temperature
distribution of local members and the temperature change curve at a specific position
through the CFD-Post post-processing window.
[0055] 4. Distributed non-contact sensor data postback network.
[0056] The distributed non-contact sensor data postback network system needs to be
composed of a transmitting device and a server receiving device. The transmitting
device collects the data signal through the non-contact sensor, then encodes and
modulates the carrier wave and sends it to the server receiving device through the
antenna, and the receiving device of server receives the signal sent by the target device,
demodulates and decodes the carrier signal respectively in real time, and accesses to the
server database for filtering.
[0057] According to the requirements oflong-distance wireless signal communication, in the design stage, the receiving mode of multi-antenna diversity synthesis can be
generally used to improve the receiving sensitivity of the system, which has the characteristics of stable reception of important signals, anti-multipath fading, low construction cost, flexible use and so on.
[0058] As shown in Figure 4: The composition and working principle of the transmitting
device. The device consists of a non-contact sensor, a transmitting station, a power amplifier,
and a transmitting antenna. The data transmitting station collects, compresses, encodes and
encrypts the analog digital signal output by the non-contact sensor, modulates it to the carrier
signal, and the modulated signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then sent through
the antenna.
[0059] The data transmitting station is the core element of the transmitting device, which
mainly completes the functions of data channel coding, data modulation, digital to
analog conversion, local oscillator signal generation, radio-frequency modulation and
radio-frequency signal amplification, etc. It also includes power supply change,
filtering and other circuits, which can stabilize and filter the input power supply to
supply power for non-contact sensors and power amplifiers.
[0060] As shown in Figure 5, the composition and working principle of the server receiving
device. The device is mainly composed of an onidirectional antenna array and a diversity
synthesis receiver server. The server includes a data receiver, a server host, a network switch
and a power supply module.
[0061] 5. Fire-resistance characteristics of steel structure poles and towers and early
warning procedures.
[0062] Use the distributed non-contact sensor data postback network to obtain the
evolution process data of the temperature and stress-strain of the pole and tower
member structure elements at different time nodes, and establish the finite element
model of the transmission line pole and tower structure in
ANSYS/ABAQUS/COMSOL and other finite element software. Of which, the
temperature field establishes a heat transfer analysis finite element model based on heat
transfer theory and finite element theory, and the mechanical field establishes a mechanical analysis finite element model based on solid mechanics theory and finite element theory.
[0063] Dynamically simulate the stress-strain evolution of structure elements and the
temperature distribution on the surface and the body under wildfire conditions, and
obtain the temperature, and stress-strain evolution process of typical part structure
elements of the pole and tower members at different dynamic time nodes in the
direction of spread and approach of the wildfire to the transmission line corridor.
Refine the line channel to approach to the wildfire fireline strength at single-base poles
and towers, the fire field temperature distribution, the flame spread rate, the fire plume
structure, the flame height, the flame length and other parameters as well as the high
temperature-induced stress deformation, the yield strength, the tensile strength, the
elasticity modulus, the surface and body temperature and other parameters of pole and
tower structure elements, build the correlation model of the above parameters, develop
the composite indicators of the above parameters, and establish the failure criterion and
fire-resistance early-warning system for pole and tower structure elements.
[0064] Construct the finite element model of time-varying space temperature field on
the surface of transmission line pole and tower structure by Fluent, and calculate the
temperature distribution diagram of the flame impact, thermal convection, thermal
radiation, convective heat transfer and other heat transfer methods that occurs when
the wildfire occurs from the left side of the pole and tower to the structure element of
the pole and tower members by Fluent, which is used as the input parameter of
dynamic simulation temperature change;
[0065] Use ANSYS/ABAQUS/COMSOL and other software to construct the finite element model of the pole and tower mechanical field and draw the stress change curve
under the condition that the direction of the wildfire spread and the corridor direction
of the transmission line poles and towers intersect horizontally, vertically and obliquely,
and then bring the obtained finite element temperature field into the finite element
model of the mechanical field for calculation to obtain the mechanical field, and then perform the mechanical performance test of the fire-resistance of the transmission line pole and tower structure to determine whether the structural system has formed a variable mechanism and its formation period and mode. "Yes" corresponds to the collapse of the structure, "No" judges whether the structure has exceeded the allowable design range according to the residual deformation of the structure element, and obtains the fire-resistance time according to the deformation time curve of the structure element, determines whether the structure meets the specification requirements according to the fire-resistance time, evaluates whether the transmission line pole and tower structure system collapses or exceeds the design limit according to the calculation results, judges the overall reliability of the pole and tower, and develop the theoretical calculation, nonlinear finite element simulation and data analysis model for the fire-resistance characteristics, gradual stress profit and loss, stress deformation and collapse danger level determination of steel structure poles and towers.
[0066] Use multiple simulation data experiments, combine static steel structure pole
and tower failure data and high-voltage transmission line pole and tower temperature
distribution diagram and stress deformation distribution diagram under the action of
thermal field, use temperature impact data on the physical properties of steel structure
materials to obtain the ultimate stress of the failure point of the member under different
thermal field conditions, and draw the collapse data curve model of temperature-stress
strain (T- ) dual-parameter coupling steel structure poles and towers.
[0067] Write a python script file for ANSYS Workbench to process the data obtained
from the above distributed non-contact sensor network and Fluent,
ANSYS/ABAQUS/COMSOL and other simulation software, and use pillow, numpy,
pyqtgraph and other mathematics and image tools for pixel recognition and threshold
analysis. When the temperature T change reaches the stress-strain change of steel
structure poles and towers, obtain the stress change range and the temperature-stress
strain (T- ) curve of steel structure poles and towers, meanwhile, fit and compare the
data and image. Once the stress reaches the threshold or there is a fitting trend between the temperature-stress-strain (T- ) curve of steel structure poles and towers and the collapse data curve of temperature-stress-strain (T- ) two-parameter coupling steel structure poles and towers, the main program interface will display danger early warning, geographic information, dangerous parts and numerical indications, and uses
PyQt5 to write the monitoring interface, danger early-warning interface, dynamic
information prompt interface and other auxiliary detection interface, so as to realize the
safety early-warning function.
Claims (10)
1. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure
of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire, which is characterized in
that, it comprises the following steps:
(1) Establishment of 3D CAD drawing model and feature database;
(2) Distributed non-contact sensor data postback;
(3) Analysis offire-resistance heat flow field structure of high-voltage transmission
pole and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature field of members;
(4) Establishment of failure criterion and fire-resistance early-warning system for
pole and tower structure elements;
(5) Structure failure simulation experiment of steel structure poles and towers
induced by wildfire;
(6) Drawing a temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling curve model;
(7) Establishment of structure failure safety early-warning program of steel
structure poles and towers induced by wildfire.
2. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure
of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1,
which is characterized in that, the establishment of 3D CAD drawing model and
feature database in Step (1) comprises:
1) Establish a 3D CAD drawing model based on the technical parameters of 500
kV transmission line steel structure poles and towers and parts;
2) Use ANSYS workbench software to divide the nodes and elements of CAD
drawing model, and gradually apply the ultimate bearing capacity load to solve the
problem, analyze the static failure point of the high-voltage transmission pole and
tower members, store it in the typical static fault simulation database, and establish
a training sample set;
3) Perform digital coding for typical static faults, the digital coding uses a
two-stage coding mode, the high byte represents the external load level, and the
low byte represents the offset caused by the external load, and establish a dual
parameter fault risk analysis database;
4) Import the pole and tower project file that divides the mesh with ICEM
software into Fluent, use the thermal coupling function of Fluent software to set the
fireline intensity, flame height, flame length, temperature field change, simulate the
thermal distribution nephogram of poles and towers and their surroundings under
wildfire conditions, and the instability data of pole and tower bearing structure
under high temperature, store them in the typical dynamic fault simulation database,
and establish a training sample set;
5) Perform digital coding for typical dynamic faults, the digital coding uses a
two-stage coding mode, the high byte represents the external thermal field number,
and the low byte represents the thermal distribution nephogram number, and import
a dual-parameter fault risk analysis database.
3. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1, which
is characterized in that, the distributed non-contact sensor data postback in Step (2)
adopts a distributed non-contact sensor data postback network system, which
comprises a transmitting device, a receiving device and a server. The transmitting
device collects the data signal through the non-contact sensor, then encodes and
modulates the carrier wave and sends it to the receiving device through the antenna,
and the receiving device receives the signal sent by the transmitting device,
demodulates and decodes the carrier signal in real time, and accesses to the server
database for filtering.
4. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 3, which
is characterized in that, the transmitting device comprises a non-contact sensor, a transmitting station, a power amplifier and an antenna; the non-contact sensor acquisition model inputs the analog digital signal to the transmitting station, the transmitting station collects, compresses, encodes and encrypts the analog digital signal and modulates it to the carrier signal, and the modulated signal is amplified by the power amplifier and then sent to the receiving device through the antenna.
5. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 3, which
is characterized in that, the receiving device comprises an omnidirectional antenna,
a low-noise amplifier, a diversity synthesis receiver and a server. The server
comprises a data receiver, a server host, a network switch and a power supply
module; the output signal of the transmitting device is input into the diversity
synthesis receiver through the omnidirectional antenna and the low-noise amplifier,
and the diversity synthesis receiver inputs the carrier signal into the data receiver in
the server, and uploads it to the Internet through the server host and the network
switch.
6. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1, which
is characterized in that, the analysis of fire-resistance heat flow field structure of high
voltage transmission pole and tower structure elements and metal surface temperature
field of members in Step (3) comprises the following steps:
1) Import the 3D CAD drawing of steel structure poles and towers of 500 kV
high-voltage transmission line into Fluent, and use Fluent to set the material of the
model. The material of the 500 kV transmission poles and towers is Q235, and its
thermotechnical parameters change with time, which belongs to nonlinear transient
simulation;
2) Set the Fluent boundary conditions of the wildfire environment under ideal
conditions to simulate the real scene when the wildfire outbreaks; the differential
equation of 3D space control fire scene is:
+~+-(p Q a ) 3P-U 69 r, )+S -
In the formula, p is the fluid density, and the unit is kg/m 3 ; p is any
variable, Ui is the fluctuation velocity, and the unit is m/s; ro is the diffusion coefficient of variable p, S is the source term of the variable; t is the time, and
the unit is s;
3) During the combustion process, the fire plume and hot air flow are in a
chaotic state, which is a turbulent process. The standard equation of the
turbulence model is selected for data simulation;
4) The simulation temperature field change process belongs to the category of
nonlinear transient heat conduction, and the Fluent solver is set as the 3D non
steady state hidden solver as the solving equation;
5) Initialize the Fluent model after setting;
6) Use Fluent to calculate and solve, and obtain the metal surface temperature
distribution of local members and the temperature change curve at a specific position
through the CFD-Post post-processing window.
7. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1, which
is characterized in that, the establishment of failure criterion and fire-resistance early
warning system for pole and tower structure elements in Step (4) comprises the
following steps:
1) Use the distributed non-contact sensor data postback network to obtain the
evolution process data of the temperature and stress-strain of the pole and tower
member structure elements at different time nodes, and establish the finite element
model of the transmission line pole and tower structure in ANSYS, ABAQUS or
COMSOL software;
2) Dynamically simulate the stress-strain evolution of structure elements and
the temperature distribution on the surface and the body under wildfire conditions,
and obtain the temperature, and stress-strain evolution process of typical part
structure elements of the pole and tower members at different dynamic time nodes in the direction of spread and approach of the wildfire to the transmission line corridor.
Refine the line channel to approach to the wildfire fireline strength at single-base
poles and towers, the fire field temperature distribution, the flame spread rate, the fire plume structure, the flame height, the flame length parameters, the high
temperature-induced stress deformation, the yield strength, the tensile strength, the
elasticity modulus, the surface and body temperature parameters of pole and tower
structure elements, build the correlation model of the above parameters, develop
composite indicators, and establish the failure criterion andfire-resistance early
warning system for pole and tower structure elements.
8. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1, which
is characterized in that, the structure failure simulation experiment of steel structure
poles and towers induced by wildfire in Step (5) comprises the following steps:
Construct the finite element model of time-varying space temperature field on
the surface of transmission line pole and tower structure by Fluent, and calculate the
temperature distribution diagram of the flame impact, thermal convection, thermal
radiation and convective heat transfer method that occurs when the wildfire occurs
from the left side of the pole and tower to the structure element of the pole and tower
members by Fluent, which is used as the input parameter of dynamic simulation
temperature change;
Use ANSYS, ABAQUS or COMSOL software to construct the finite element
model of the pole and tower mechanical field and draw the stress change curve under
the condition that the direction of the wildfire spread and the corridor direction of the
transmission line tower intersect horizontally, vertically and obliquely, and then
bring the obtained finite element temperature field into the finite element model of
the mechanical field for calculation to obtain the mechanical field, and then perform
the mechanical performance test of the fire-resistance of the transmission line pole
and tower structure to determine whether the structural system has formed a variable
mechanism and its formation period and mode. "Yes" corresponds to the collapse of the structure, "No" judges whether the structure has exceeded the allowable design range according to the residual deformation of the structure element, and obtains the fire-resistance time according to the deformation time curve of the structure element, determines whether the structure meets the specification requirements according to the fire-resistance time, evaluates whether the transmission line pole and tower structure system collapses or exceeds the design limit according to the calculation results, judges the overall reliability of the pole and tower, and develop the theoretical calculation, nonlinear finite element simulation and data analysis model for the fire-resistance characteristics, gradual stress profit and loss, stress deformation and collapse danger level determination of steel structure poles and towers.
9. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure of
steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1, which
is characterized in that, drawing a temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling
curve model in Step (6): Use multiple simulation data experiments, combine static
steel structure pole and tower failure data and high-voltage transmission line pole and
tower temperature distribution diagram and stress deformation distribution diagram
under the action of thermal field, use temperature impact data on the physical
properties of steel structure materials to obtain the ultimate stress of the failure point
of the member under different thermal field conditions, and draw the collapse data
curve model of temperature-stress-strain dual-parameter coupling steel structure poles
and towers.
10. The simulation and safety early-warning method for the structure failure
of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire as described in Claim 1,
which is characterized in that, the establishment of structure failure safety early
warning program of steel structure poles and towers induced by wildfire in Step (7):
Write a python script file for ANSYS Workbench to process the data obtained from
the above distributed non-contact sensor network and Fluent, ANSYS, ABAQUS
or COMSOL software, and use pillow, numpy or pyqtgraph for pixel recognition and threshold analysis. When the temperature change reaches the stress-strain change of steel structure poles and towers, obtain the stress change range and the temperature stress-strain curve of steel structure poles and towers, meanwhile, fit and compare the data and image. Once the stress reaches the threshold or there is a fitting trend between the temperature-stress-strain curve of steel structure poles and towers and the collapse data curve of temperature-stress-strain two-parameter coupling steel structure poles and towers, the main program interface displays danger early-warning, geographic information, dangerous parts and numerical indications, and uses PyQt5 to write the monitoring interface, danger early-warning interface, dynamic information prompt interface and auxiliary detection interface, so as to realize the safety early-warning function.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN113343521A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 重庆大学 | Method for predicting interlayer thermal stress distribution in selective laser melting process based on COMSOL |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113343521A (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2021-09-03 | 重庆大学 | Method for predicting interlayer thermal stress distribution in selective laser melting process based on COMSOL |
| CN116111727A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-12 | 盛锋电力科技有限公司 | Comprehensive distribution box abnormity monitoring method based on dynamic temperature threshold |
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