AU2020291320B2 - Apparatus for producing biochar using combustion heat generator - Google Patents
Apparatus for producing biochar using combustion heat generator Download PDFInfo
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- AU2020291320B2 AU2020291320B2 AU2020291320A AU2020291320A AU2020291320B2 AU 2020291320 B2 AU2020291320 B2 AU 2020291320B2 AU 2020291320 A AU2020291320 A AU 2020291320A AU 2020291320 A AU2020291320 A AU 2020291320A AU 2020291320 B2 AU2020291320 B2 AU 2020291320B2
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- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- biochar
- oxidant
- biogas
- fuel
- combustion
- Prior art date
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Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 27
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010205 computational analysis Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002717 carbon nanostructure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021168 barbecue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020477 pH reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B27/00—Arrangements for withdrawal of the distillation gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B3/00—Coke ovens with vertical chambers
- C10B3/02—Coke ovens with vertical chambers with heat-exchange devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B47/00—Destructive distillation of solid carbonaceous materials with indirect heating, e.g. by external combustion
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/02—Multi-step carbonising or coking processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
- C10L5/447—Carbonized vegetable substances, e.g. charcoal, or produced by hydrothermal carbonization of biomass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/39—Arrangements of devices for discharging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
- F27B9/3011—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally
- F27B2009/3016—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases arrangements for circulating gases transversally with arrangements to circulate gases through the charge
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a biochar manufacturing device which uses a combustion and heat dissipation plate and enables efficient production of biochar and biogas by using biomass.
Description
[Title of Invention]
[Cross-Reference to Related Application]
This application is a National Stage Entry of PCT International Application No.
PCT/KR2020/001775, which was filed on February 07, 2020, and claims priority to Korean Patent
Application No. 10-2019-0069630, filed on June 12, 2019 in the Korean Intellectual Property
Office, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference.
[Field of Invention]
The present invention relates to an apparatus for producing biochar using combustion heat
generator, and more particularly, to an apparatus capable of efficiently producing biochar and
biogas (syngas) using biomass.
[Background of Invention]
In general, when volatile matter generated by applying heat to biomass is converted into
biogas and the biogas is extracted, the remaining carbon mass is called biochar. Carbon dioxide
(C02), which is a climate change material, may be separated and stored as fixed carbon before
combustion reaction, or may be used for other purposes other than combustion, such as a soil improvement agent, a substitute for active carbon, an organic pollutant adsorbent, and a heavy metal adsorbent. In this way, global warming may be mitigated.
Biochar may be exemplified by charcoal for barbecue or air purification, and may be
produced from all kinds of biomass.
As a typical conventional carbon dioxide (C0 2 ) removal method, there is a technology
(carbon capture (utilization) & storage, CC(U)S) for separating and removing carbon dioxide
generated upon burning carbon. However, separation, purification, compression, transport, and
storage of carbon dioxide (C02 ) consumes a lot of energy and cost. In addition, there are
problems such as air leakage of carbon dioxide and acidification of water and soil due to carbon
dioxide even after storage of carbon dioxide. To date, there is a limit in implementing a carbon
dioxide (C0 2 ) separation and storage technology.
In contrast, when carbon is separated in the form of char before combustion reaction,
carbon dioxide can be easily stored on the surface of the earth in a stable solid form. Since
biochar has high adsorption capacity, biochar can contain water equivalent to three times the
weight thereof. Accordingly, biochar can promote improvement of soil quality, thereby
promoting the growth of biomass. In addition, biochar can adsorb organic substances such as
various hydrocarbons and warming/pollution-causing substances such as heavy metals.
In addition, at a high temperature of 800 °C or higher, since carbon acts as a catalyst for
separating carbon from hydrocarbons and producing hydrogen, a high concentration of hydrogen
can be generated during high-temperature pyrolysis. In this process, carbon is attached to biochar,
and a carbon nanostructure is formed on the surface thereof. Accordingly, the adsorption capacity of biochar is further increased, and thus a high value product may be produced.
However, in a general technique using biomass, there is a problem in that the flow of raw
materials in a reactor is blocked due to the high viscosity of tar generated during pyrolysis.
Therefore, there is a demand for a biomass utilization technology that can overcome these
limitations.
[Disclosure]
[Technical Problem]
Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and it is
one object of the present invention to provide an apparatus for producing biochar using combustion
heat generators, characterized in that the apparatus efficiently produces biochar and biogas using
biomass.
[Technical Solution]
In accordance with one aspect of the present invention, provided is an apparatus for
producing biochar using combustion heat generators, the apparatus including a pyrolysis reactor
having a receiving space therein and provided with an inlet and an outlet; a heater installed inside
the pyrolysis reactor and provided with combustion heat generators for heating biomass input into
the receiving space through the inlet; and an ejector for separating biochar and biogas produced
by heating the biomass in the pyrolysis reactor and discharging the biochar and the biogas through
the outlet.
In this case, the apparatus for producing biochar may further include a gas fuel feeder for
feeding, as fuel for the heater, at least a portion of biogas generated during production of the
biochar.
In addition, in the pyrolysis reactor, the inlet may be formed in an upper portion of the
receiving space, and the outlet may be formed in a lower portion of the receiving space, so that
biomass input into the upper portion of the receiving space through the inlet gradually moves
downward by gravity, and the biomass is heated by the heater and separated into biochar and
biogas.
In addition, the combustion heat generators may be disposed to face each other on both
sides with the receiving space therebetween.
In addition, the combustion heat generator may include a plate-shaped housing having a
combustion space therein; an oxidant injector provided on one side of the housing and forming a
first circulation region by inputting an oxidant to an outer periphery of an inner side of the
combustion space through an oxidant injection nozzle and circulating the oxidant; a gas ejector
provided on the other side of the housing and discharging a portion of gas circulating in the
combustion space; and a fuel feeder installed so that a front end of a fuel injection nozzle is
positioned in a second circulation region formed in a center of the combustion space by circulation
of an oxidant in the first circulation region to inject fuel into the second circulation region.
In addition, a heat exchanger for increasing temperature of an oxidant input through the
oxidant injector and temperature of fuel input through the fuel feeder using heat of gas discharged
through the gas ejector may be provided on one side of the housing.
In addition, the ejector may further include a water cooling jacket installed at an outlet
provided at a lower portion of the pyrolysis reactor and configured to cool discharged biochar by
circulating cooling water therein.
In addition, the apparatus for producing biochar may further include a hot water storage
for storing water heated to a predetermined temperature while being used as cooling water in the
water cooling jacket so that the heated water is used as hot water.
In addition, the apparatus for producing biochar may further include electric generators
for generating electricity by installing thermoelectric elements between the water cooling jacket
and discharged biochar.
In addition, the apparatus for producing biochar may further include a biogas purifier for
purifying the remaining biogas after being used as fuel for the heater through the gas fuel feeder
and transferring the biogas to an external place or storing the biogas in a separate storage tank.
[Effect of Invention]
An apparatus for producing biochar according to the present invention has a configuration
characterized in that combustion heat generators are disposed to face each other on both sides of
the inside of a pyrolysis reactor. By injecting biomass into a receiving space heated by
combustion heat generator(s) and uniformly dispersing the biomass therein, and heating the
biomass to a temperature of 800 °C or higher, biochar and biogas can be efficiently separated and
produced.
In addition, by using a portion of the produced biogas as a fuel for the combustion heat generators, the efficiency of the apparatus for producing biochar can be improved.
[Description of Drawings]
FIG. 1 illustrates the internal configuration of an apparatus for producing biochar
according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 illustrates in detail a part of an apparatus for producing biochar according to the
present invention.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the combustion heat generator of a heater according to the
present invention.
FIG. 4 is a front sectional view showing the internal configuration of a combustion heat
generator according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front sectional view of a combustion heat generator according to another
embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a front view showing an embodiment in which the combustion heat generators
of FIG. 5 are connected in series.
FIG. 7 shows another embodiment in which the combustion heat generator of FIG. 4 is
provided with a plurality of fuel injection nozzles.
FIG. 8 shows another embodiment in which the combustion heat generator of FIG. 4 is
provided with a heat exchanger.
FIGS. 9 and 10 are data showing the results of computational analysis of combustion heat
generators according to the present invention.
[Best Mode]
Hereinafter, the configuration and operation of specific embodiments of the present
invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Here, when reference numerals are applied to constituents illustrated in each drawing, it
should be noted that like reference numerals indicate like elements throughout the specification.
FIG. 1 illustrates the internal configuration of an apparatus for producing biochar
according to the present invention.
Referring to FIG. 1, an apparatus 1 for producing biochar according to a preferred
embodiment of the present invention may include a pyrolysis reactor 100, a heater 200, and an
ejector 300.
The configuration of the present invention will be described in detail as follows.
First, the pyrolysis reactor 100 constitutes the main body of the apparatus 1 for producing
biochar. A receiving space (S) may be formed in the pyrolysis reactor 100, and the pyrolysis
reactor 100 may be provided with an inlet 101 and an outlet 103.
Specifically, in the pyrolysis reactor 100, the inlet 101 is formed in the upper portion of
the receiving space (S), and the outlet 103 is formed in the lower portion of the receiving space
(S). Thus, biomass, which is a heating target input through the inlet 101, gradually moves
downward by gravity. The biomass is heated by the heater 200 to be described later, separated
into biochar and biogas(syngas), and then discharged to the outside through the outlet 103.
The heater 200 is installed inside the pyrolysis reactor 100. The heater 200 separates
biomass into biochar and biogas by heating, to about 800 °C or higher, the biomass input through
the inlet 101 and moving downward in the receiving space (S).
The heater 200 separates biomass into biochar and biogas through a pyrolysis process by
heating rather than burning biomass.
In this case, when the biogas meets the high-temperature biochar at the bottom while
moving downward in the receiving space (S), the carbon of hydrocarbon is attached to the surface
of the biochar, and the biogas is reformed to have a high hydrogen concentration and discharged.
The carbon attached to the biochar may further increase adsorption performance by creating a
carbon nanostructure.
The heater 200 may include combustion heat generators 201 disposed to face each other
with the receiving space (S) therebetween. The present invention is not limited thereto, and
various modifications may be applied as long as the efficiency of the heater 200 can be increased.
For example, a plurality of combustion heat generators 201 may be spaced apart, and the receiving
space (S) of the pyrolysis reactor 100 may be provided between the combustion heat generators
201. Hereinafter, in the present invention, a case in which the combustion heat generators 201
are disposed to face each other with the receiving space (S) therebetween will be described.
Referring to FIG. 2, each of the combustion heat generators 201 may include a housing
210, an oxidant injector 220, a gas ejector 230, and a fuel feeder 240.
First, the housing 210 constitutes the main body of the combustion heat generator 201, and the housing 210 may be formed in a plate shape in which a combustion space 211 is provided.
In this case, the housing 210 may be made of a stainless or ceramic material that may
withstand high temperatures. When the size of the combustion heat generators 201 increases, the
housing 210 may be manufactured by masonry with fire bricks.
In addition, the housing 210 may be formed in any one of a circular shape, an oval shape,
a rectangular shape, and a polygonal shape. In the present invention, a case in which the housing
210 is formed in a rectangular plate shape will be described. However, the present invention is
not limited thereto, and various modifications may be applied as long as an oxidant and fuel
injected into the combustion space 211 may be circulated smoothly.
In this way, when the housing 210 is formed in a plate shape, only two-dimensional flow
is possible in the combustion space 211 inside the housing 210, and three-dimensional flow in the
thickness direction of the housing 210 is impossible.
That is, since the combustion heat generators 201 having a plate shape are formed to have
a large area and a relatively thin thickness, two-dimensional flow is possible. Accordingly,
uniform thermal efficiency of the combustion heat generators 201 may be realized.
Referring to FIG. 3, the oxidant injector 220 is provided on one side of the housing 210
to form a first circulation region (A) by introducing an oxidant into the outer periphery of the inner
side of the combustion space 211 and circulating the oxidant.
Specifically, the oxidant injector 220 may have an oxidant injection nozzle 221 having a
predetermined length so that an oxidant fed through an oxidant feeder (not shown) is smoothly
introduced into a predetermined point of the combustion space 211 in the housing 210.
In this case, the oxidant injection nozzle 221 may be installed at a point where the sides
of the rectangular housing 210 meet each other, i.e., a corner of the housing 210, so as to form the
first circulation region (A) by injecting an oxidant into the outer periphery of the inner side of the
combustion space 211.
As another embodiment, when the housing 210 is formed in a circular shape (not shown),
the oxidant injection nozzle 221 may be installed to be inclined at a predetermined angle in the
tangential direction of the circle. Accordingly, by injecting an oxidant into the outer periphery
of the inner side of the circular combustion space 211, the first circulation region (A) may be
efficiently formed.
The gas ejector 230 may be provided on the other side of the housing 210 and serves to
discharge a portion of gas circulating in the combustion space 211 to the outside.
Specifically, the oxidant injector 220 and the gas ejector 230 may be disposed on one side
of the housing 210 to be spaced apart from each other in parallel.
As another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the oxidant injector 220 and the gas ejector
230 may be installed with the fuel feeder 240 to be described later therebetween. In this case, the
oxidant injector 220 and the gas ejector 230 may be installed on both sides of the housing 210 and
arranged in a line to face each other.
Referring to FIG. 5, as described above, when the oxidant injector 220 and the gas ejector
230 are installed on both sides of the housing 210 and arranged in a line to face each other, a
plurality of combustion heat generators 201 according to the present invention may be installed in
series to form a lateral heat sink system.
That is, the gas ejector 230 installed on the other side of the firstly disposed combustion
heat generator 201 may be connected to the oxidant injector 220 installed on one side of the other
adjacent combustion heat generator 201'.
That is, the gas ejector 230 of the first combustion heat generator 201 becomes the oxidant
injector 220 of the combustion heat generator 201 connected to the first combustion heat generator
201.
Accordingly, gas discharged through the gas ejector 230 of the first combustion heat
generator 201 may be re-injected through the oxidant injector 220 of the adjacent combustion heat
generator 201. Thus, a long heater may be formed, and the efficiency of the combustion heat
generators 201 may be improved through dispersed injection of fuel.
In this case, in the combustion space 211 inside the housing 210 constituting the
combustion heat generator 201, a guide member 213 for guiding an oxidant may be provided so
that an oxidant injected through the oxidant injector 220 is circulated in one direction of the
combustion space 211.
That is, when a plurality of combustion heat generators 201 is installed in series, it is
necessary to change the flow direction of an oxidant injected into the combustion space 211
through the oxidant injector 220 to a desired direction (e.g., clockwise).
Accordingly, by installing the guide member 213 in the vicinity of the combustion space
211 of the housing 210 in which the oxidant injector 220 is installed, the flow direction of an
oxidant injected into the combustion space 211 through the oxidant injection nozzle 221 may be
changed to a desired direction. Thus, the first circulation region (A) may be smoothly formed.
The fuel feeder 240 serves to inject fuel into a second circulation region (B) formed near
the center of the combustion space 211 by circulation of an oxidant in the first circulation region
(A). The fuel feeder 240 may be installed so that the front end of a fuel injection nozzle 241 is
located in the second circulation region (B).
Specifically, at least one fuel injection nozzle 241 of the fuel feeder 240 may be positioned
between the oxidant injector 220 and the gas ejector 230.
Referring to FIG. 6, as another embodiment, at least one pair of the fuel injection nozzles
241 may be symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides or left and right sides with respect
to the center of the housing 210 so as to increase the fuel injection efficiency of the fuel feeder
240. Fuel injected through the fuel feeder 240 may receive at least a portion of biogas separated
through the pyrolysis of biomass in the pyrolysis reactor 100.
Referring to FIG. 7, a heat exchanger 250 may be provided at one side of the housing 210.
The heat exchanger 250 may use the heat of gas discharged through the gas ejector 230 to increase
the temperature of an oxidant input through the oxidant injector 220 and the temperature of fuel
input through the fuel feeder 240. Accordingly, the heat exchanger 250 may improve the thermal
efficiency of the combustion heat generators 201.
FIGS. 8 and 9 show the computational analysis results of the combustion heat generators
201 according to the present invention.
First, the housing 100 was formed to have a size of 5 m in width, 2.5 m in length, and 1
m in thickness so that the combustion heat generators 201 according to the present invention were
used for computational analysis. In this case, the thickness of a metal plate constituting the housing 210 was 0.1 m, and the fuel injection nozzle 241 was configured to enter 0.7 m from the wall surface of the housing 210 to the inside.
In addition, gas residence time in the housing 210 was set to 2 seconds, and equivalence
ratio was set to 0.9 to allow 10 % excess air to enter. In addition, methane was used as fuel fed
through the fuel feeder 240.
A computational analysis code used was ANSYS-FLUENT 17.0, a standard k-e model
was used as a turbulence model, a discrete-ordinate model was used as a radiation model, and a
skeletal model of 46 steps was used for chemical reaction.
As shown in FIG. 8, it can be confirmed that, in the combustion heat generators 201
according to the present invention, through the oxidant injector 220, the gas ejector 230, and the
fuel feeder 240 installed in the housing 210, the first circulation region (A) and the second
circulation region (B) are formed inside the combustion space 211.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 9, a fuel-rich region and a reaction activation region in the
first circulation region (A) and the second circulation region (B) of the combustion space 211 may
be identified from CO and OH concentration distributions.
That is, as shown in the computational analysis results, it can be confirmed that, the
combustion heat generators 201 according to the present invention may ensure a uniform
temperature distribution in an entire area except for air and a fuel jet in the combustion space 211.
Referring to FIG. 10, the ejector 300 serves to separate biochar and biogas produced by
heating biomass through the pyrolysis reactor 100 and discharge the biochar and the biogas through the outlet 103.
Specifically, a screw 301 configured to be rotatable by receiving power from a motor (not
shown) may be provided at the outlet 103 to continuously discharge produced biochar in one
direction.
In addition, the ejector 300 may include a water cooling jacket 310 installed at the outlet
103 provided at the lower portion of the pyrolysis reactor 100. The water coolingjacket 310 may
circulate cooling water in an internal space 311 to cool biochar discharged through the outlet 103.
In addition, one side of the ejector 300 may include a hot water storage 320 for storing
water heated to a predetermined temperature while being used as cooling water in the water cooling
jacket310. In this case, the hot water storage 320 maybe maintained at about 60 °C or higher.
In addition, in the ejector 300, thermoelectric elements 331 may be provided between the
water cooling jacket 310 and discharged biochar, and electric generators 330 for generating
electricity may be included. In this case, since the principle of generating electricity using the
thermoelectric elements 331 is a known technology, a detailed description thereof will be omitted.
In addition, the apparatus 1 for producing biochar may include a gas fuel feeder (not
shown) to feed, as fuel for the heater 200, at least a portion of biogas generated during production
of biochar.
In this case, the gas fuel feeder may be connected to the fuel feeder 240 (see FIG. 3) of
the heater 300 to feed biogas into the combustion heat generators 201.
In addition, the remaining biogas after being supplied as fuel for the heater 200 through the gas fuel feeder may be transferred to an external place after a predetermined purification process through a biogas purifier (not shown), or may be stored in a separate storage tank (not shown).
In this case, preferably, to use the biogas as a fuel in an external place, acid gas should be
removed using an absorbent, and dust should be removed using a dust collector.
Hereinafter, a biochar production process using the apparatus 1 for producing biochar
according to the present invention having the above-described configuration will be described.
First, through the inlet 101 of the pyrolysis reactor 100, biomass, which is a heating target,
is injected so as to be uniformly dispersed in the receiving space (S) (see FIG. 1).
The biomass input into the pyrolysis reactor 100 through the inlet 101 gradually moves
downward by gravity in the receiving space (S).
The downwardly moving biomass is separated into biochar and biogas while being heated
to a temperature of 800 °C or higher by the combustion heat generators 201 of the heater 200
disposed to face each other on both sides of the receiving space (S).
The produced biochar may be discharged to the outside through the outlet 103 at the
bottom of the pyrolysis reactor 100 in a manner that is transferred in one direction by the screw
301 provided in the ejector 300.
In addition, the water cooling jacket 310 may be provided in the outlet 103 to cool and
discharge the biochar.
In this case, at least a portion of biogas produced with biochar may be used as fuel for the heater 200, and the remaining biogas may be externally used as fuel through a biogas purifier (not shown).
As described above, the present invention has been described with reference to certain
preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described
embodiments, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the
spirit of the present invention.
Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims,
the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive sense as
opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not
limited to".
[Description of Symbols]
1: APPARATUS FOR PRODUCING BIOCHAR
100: PYROLYSIS REACTOR
101: INLET
103: OUTLET
200: HEATER
201: COMBUSTION HEAT GENERATORS
210: HOUSING
211: COMBUSTION SPACE
213: GUIDE MEMBER
220: OXIDANT INJECTOR
221: OXIDANT INJECTION NOZZLE
230: GAS EJECTOR
240: FUEL FEEDER
241: FUEL INJECTION NOZZLE
250: HEAT EXCHANGER
300: EJECTOR
301: SCREW
310: WATER COOLING JACKET
311: SPACE
320: HOT WATER STORAGE
330: ELECTRIC GENERATORS
331: THERMOELECTRIC ELEMENTS
Claims (10)
- [CLAIMS][Claim 1]An apparatus for producing biochar, comprising:a pyrolysis reactor having a receiving space, an upper part of the receiving space providedwith an inlet and a lower part of the receiving space provided with an outlet;a heater installed inside the pyrolysis reactor and provided with combustion heat generatorfor heating biomass, input into the receiving space through the inlet, in a radiant heat transfermanner; andan ejector for separating biochar and biogas produced by heating the biomass in thepyrolysis reactor and discharging the biochar and the biogas through the outlet,wherein each of the combustion heat generator comprises a plate-shaped housing havinga combustion space therein, a first circulation region in which an oxidant circulates is formed onan outer periphery of an inner side of the combustion space, and a second circulation region isformed in a center of the combustion space such that fuel is injected into the second circulationregion by circulation of an oxidant in the first circulation region, thereby implementing uniformheating.
- [Claim 2]The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a gas fuel feeder for feeding, asfuel for the heater, at least a portion of biogas generated during production of the biochar.
- [Claim 3]The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein, in the pyrolysis reactor, the inlet is formedin an upper portion of the receiving space, and the outlet is formed in a lower portion of thereceiving space, so that biomass input into the upper portion of the receiving space through theinlet gradually moves downward by gravity, and the biomass is heated by the heater and separatedinto biochar and biogas.
- [Claim 4]The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion heat generators are disposedto face each other on both sides with the receiving space therebetween.
- [Claim 5]The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the combustion heat generator comprises;an oxidant injector provided on one side of the housing and forming a first circulationregion by inputting an oxidant through an oxidant injection nozzle and circulating the oxidant;a gas ejector provided on the other side of the housing and discharging a portion of gascirculating in the combustion space; anda fuel feeder installed so that a front end of a fuel injection nozzle is positioned in a secondcirculation region to inject fuel into the second circulation region.
- [Claim 6]The apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a heat exchanger for increasing temperatureof an oxidant input through the oxidant injector and temperature of fuel input through the fuelfeeder using heat of gas discharged through the gas ejector is provided on one side of the housing.
- [Claim 7]The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the ejector further comprises a water coolingjacket installed at an outlet provided at a lower portion of the pyrolysis reactor and configured tocool discharged biochar by circulating cooling water therein.
- [Claim 8]The apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising a hot water storage for storingwater heated to a predetermined temperature while being used as cooling water in the water coolingjacket so that the heated water is used as hot water.
- [Claim 9]The apparatus according to claim 7, further comprising electric generators for generatingelectricity by installing thermoelectric elements between the water cooling jacket and dischargedbiochar.
- [Claim 10]The apparatus according to claim 2, further comprising a biogas purifier for purifying theremaining biogas after being used as fuel for the heater through the gas fuel feeder and transferringthe biogas to an external place or storing the biogas in a separate storage tank.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
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KR1020190069630A KR102199489B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2019-06-12 | Biochar manufacturing furnace using thermal radiant plate |
KR10-2019-0069630 | 2019-06-12 | ||
PCT/KR2020/001775 WO2020251132A1 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-02-07 | Biochar manufacturing device using combustion and heat dissipation plate |
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AU2020291320A1 AU2020291320A1 (en) | 2022-02-10 |
AU2020291320B2 true AU2020291320B2 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
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AU2020291320A Active AU2020291320B2 (en) | 2019-06-12 | 2020-02-07 | Apparatus for producing biochar using combustion heat generator |
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AU (1) | AU2020291320B2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020251132A1 (en) |
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Citations (3)
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---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009242248A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-22 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Method and device for producing dimethyl ether |
KR20140070273A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-10 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | Method for producing biochar and device for manufacturing thereof |
US20150368562A1 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-24 | Suzhou GreenGen Tech Energy Inc. | Biomass gas and biomass charcoal preparation system |
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JP2007238701A (en) * | 2006-03-07 | 2007-09-20 | Kurimoto Ltd | Gasification oven |
CA2907720A1 (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2014-09-25 | Diacarbon Technologies Inc. | Gas collection apparatus |
KR20150096349A (en) * | 2014-02-14 | 2015-08-24 | (주)케이에프 | Bio-char production system |
KR102063708B1 (en) * | 2017-11-29 | 2020-01-09 | 한국생산기술연구원 | system for biochar pellet production through recovering tar |
-
2019
- 2019-06-12 KR KR1020190069630A patent/KR102199489B1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 2020-02-07 AU AU2020291320A patent/AU2020291320B2/en active Active
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2009242248A (en) * | 2008-03-28 | 2009-10-22 | National Institute Of Advanced Industrial & Technology | Method and device for producing dimethyl ether |
KR20140070273A (en) * | 2012-11-30 | 2014-06-10 | 서울시립대학교 산학협력단 | Method for producing biochar and device for manufacturing thereof |
US20150368562A1 (en) * | 2014-06-19 | 2015-12-24 | Suzhou GreenGen Tech Energy Inc. | Biomass gas and biomass charcoal preparation system |
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KR102199489B1 (en) | 2021-01-07 |
KR20200142395A (en) | 2020-12-22 |
WO2020251132A1 (en) | 2020-12-17 |
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