AU2011202755A1 - Plant Growth Device - Google Patents

Abstract

A plant growth device (10) including at least one space body (11) having a plurality of openings (12) therein to space a plurality of plant portions in a plant growth container (14) to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. A method of intensive growth of plants in a pot or plant container, each plant having a root area and stem, the method including planting a number of plants spaced radially around the pot, each plant being in a substantially horizontal position such that the root areas of each of the plants extends at least partially outside the pot periphery and the roots of each plant reside and proliferate throughout a growing medium contained within the pot. I -1* Figure 1

Description

AUSTRALIA Patents Act 1990 COMPLETE PATENT SPECIFICATION Name of Applicant: John Kendall Actual Inventor: John Kendall Address for Service: Cullens Patent & Trade Mark Attorneys Level 32, 239 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia Invention Title: Plant Growth Device The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it, known to the applicant: 2 A Plant Growth Device Field of the Invention. This application claims the benefit of priority from Australian Provisional Patent Application No. 2010904718 filing in Australia on 22 October 5 2010. The present invention relates to generally to horticulture or cultivation of plants and more particularly to plant growth aids for increasing the numbers of plants which can be grown in a given pot size. Background Art. 10 Both individuals and commercial growers use containers, or pots to grow various plants. Plants such as flowers and vegetables can be propagated successfully in these types of containers. Today, containers come in all shapes and sizes and are made from a variety of materials including ceramics and plastic. Commercial growers use containers either outdoors or in greenhouses. 15 Individuals use containers on patios, decks, gardens and yards. Generally, most containers are made to grow a single plant and as such vegetable production in particular is limited. However, a few pot products have showed up on the market that increase the number of plants that can be planted in a single container. This is particularly important for decorative hanging baskets that 20 require multiple plants for best effect. The planting of multiple vegetable plants in one container would increase production. It will be clearly understood that, if a prior art publication is referred to herein, this reference does not constitute an admission that the publication forms part of the common general knowledge in the art in Australia or in any other country. 25 Summary of the Invention. The present invention is directed to a horizontal plant growth device, which may at least partially overcome at least one of the abovementioned disadvantages or provide the consumer with a useful or commercial choice. With the foregoing in view, the present invention in one form, resides 30 broadly in a plant growth device including at least one spacing body having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plant portions in a plant growth container to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space.

3 In an alternative form, the invention resides in a method of intensive growth of plants in a pot or plant container, each plant having a root area and stem, the method including planting a number of plants spaced radially around the pot, each plant being in a substantially horizontal position such that the root areas of each of the 5 plants are adjacent to one another where the stem of each plant extends at least partially outside the pot periphery and the roots of each plant reside and proliferate throughout a growing medium contained within the pot. The method of the present invention may preferably include planting at least one plant substantially centrally in an area defined by root areas of the peripheral 10 plants. The device of the present invention will typically be a plant growth accessory. The device will normally have two main embodiments namely, a ring embodiment or an elongate body embodiment. In an alternative embodiment to the two above, the device may be provided as an integral part of the plant container or pot 15 itself. According to the first main embodiment (the ring embodiment) the device will normally have a substantially continuous body. The body may be circular (as most pots are circular) but it is anticipated that the body may be provided in alternative shapes to allow for use in alternatively shaped pots or plant containers 20 such as window boxes. The embodiment can consist of two or more sections that may be positioned against each other, overlapped or fastened together to make a continuous body. The wall(s) of the body may be substantially planar, convex, concave or straight. 25 The wall(s) of the body may be perforated to allow for the introduction of ambient air through the device to be circulated throughout plant root systems potentially improving plant growth. The body will preferably have a continuous upper portion which is unbroken by any openings. Preferably, the plurality of openings are provided 30 extending into the lower edge of the body. Alternatively, the body may utilized in an inverse position, where the plurality of openings are provided extending into the 4 upper edge of the body. Normally, the plurality of openings are spaced, preferably evenly spaced, about the body. Each of the openings in the body will preferably be notched or similar and according to a particularly preferred embodiment, each of the openings will be 5 arch shaped with a pair of parallel sidewalls and an arcuate upper periphery. According to the preferred ring embodiment, an area will be defined within the device. More than one ring may be provided concentrically with one another. For example, provision of a smaller ring inside a larger ring may help ensure that the stems of the plants remain substantially horizontal (by having more than one 10 point of contact to hold the plant stem in the horizontal condition). According to one alternative embodiment, the device may be provided as an elongate strip or similar. The elongate strip will typically have the features of the above-mentioned ring embodiment except that instead of being continuous and formed in one closed ring, the device will have a pair of free ends. 15 Where provided in the elongate strip embodiment, the strip will typically have connection means in order to connect to another body or to itself. It is particularly preferred that the connection means to be provided at either end of the elongate strip. A variety of forms of connection means may be used including 20 providing a series of openings at either end which can be aligned and a plug or pin inserted therethrough. Alternatively, one end of the strip may be provided with at the least one protrusion and an opposite end of the strip may be provided with at least one opening such that the openings are adapted to receive at least one protrusion. In yet a further embodiment, the openings may be formed in a wall of 25 the pot or plant container itself. In this form, the openings will preferably still be arch shaped number but will be downwardly extending into the wall of the pot or plant container. The device of the present invention may have an enlarged edge portion at one or both of the upper or lower edge of the device. Typically, given that the upper 30 edge will be continuous, the enlarged edge portion will normally be provided at the upper edge. Typically, the edge portion will be provided continuously about the upper edge. The edge portion may have any dimension but will typically be rectilinear in 5 cross-section. The edge portion may be outwardly or inwardly facing. The edge portion will typically provide a degree of rigidity to the device and assist with maintaining the shape. It also serves as a stop when nesting one of the inventions into another for shipping purposes. 5 One advantage of configuring the device as a ring is to maximise the growing area available to a plant. When plants are grown vertically that typically grow within a generally rectangular or cylindrical volume with a trunk lowermost and a lobby for canopy portion of the most with early for canopy portion defining the size of the volume. This generally rectangular or cylindrical volume does not maximise 10 each plants potential growth at the upper end of the planned due to limitations in size which can only be overcome by increasing the separation of the plants when planted. When using the present invention and growing plants in a substantially horizontal configuration, a generally triangular growing area is defined if a plurality of plants are spaced about a circular growth ring. This provides more space at the 15 production or the end of the plant where there is more vegetative growth. The invention may further include a cover or similar. Preferably, where provided, the cover will be a substantially closed bowl. The cover may be adapted to sit within the area defined by the body or alternatively, may be adapted to rest at least partially on the body. 20 The preferred bowl embodiment of the cover will preferably have a flattened upper surface. In use, a weight may be provided on the flattened upper surface in order to prevent accidental removal or dislodgement of the cover due to wind or accidental contact, or may provide a flat surface for the placement of an upper plant container positioned vertically on top of a lower plant container, for example. 25 It is preferred that the cover is manufactured with a dark colour in order to absorb heat. The provision of the cover over the root area of plants may therefore act as a simulated greenhouse maintaining beat and moisture within the cover to the benefit of plants. It is preferred that the bowl is continuous having no openings. It is 30 further preferred that the cover is removable in order to allow access to the centre of the pot or plant container.

6 The cover may be provided with an irrigation outlet or similar in order to allow liquid to be applied to the root area of the plants contained within. The side walls of the cover will preferably be angled outwardly and downwardly such that any fluid striking the cover from outside will be directed 5 downwardly into the pot or plate container and fluid striking the cover from an inside irrigation nozzle for example, will be directed downwardly into the pot and plant roots. The cover is designed to reduce evaporation caused by the direct rays of the sun. It can be circular, square, rectangular and square in design. It is engineered 10 to fit inside the plant insert ring. The device is open across its bottom diameter where it sits on the growing medium within the pot. It can be pressed down slightly and pushed down into the earth to give some stability and wind protection. It may have a flat edge protruding the bottom outside perimeter to provide additional stability when placing one pot on top of one another. It is enclosed on all sides with no openings. All 15 sides are sloped to allow for both outside rainfall and inside irrigation water to be easily delivered to the plant roots. Typically, the top of the invention is enclosed as well. The top of the invention may feature an opening for ease of removal, ventilation or the insertion of irrigation pipe and fittings. The device can be fabricated from plastic, wood, concrete, ceramics, glass, and clay or composite materials. 20 Once in position, the cover will preferably block light caused by the sun providing a shaded area over the medium filled pot or growing container helping limit weed growth and reduce evaporation thus significantly reducing the amount of water required by plants. The sloped sides of the outside surface of the walls of the invention 25 will cause natural rainwater to flow downwards towards the roots of the plants. The sloped sides of the inside surface of the walls of the invention will typically cause irrigation water delivered from an irrigation nozzle positioned within the pot and protruding from the growing medium surface, to splash up against these curved walls and flow and drip downwards towards the plant root systems. 30 The flat top surface of the cover accommodates the placement of a weighted object to prevent the wind from blowing the cover off the pot and onto the ground.

7 Once the cover has been installed, it preferably creates a sealed area with low oxygen levels, which will inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and fungus elements. The cover also provides protection from root digging creatures and egg laying insects. 5 The darker the colour of the invention, the more it will absorb the suns heat thereby creating a heat sink which will promote the growth of heat loving plants that surround the invention and are installed within the lower plant ring. The waterproof nature of the invention will collect water when filled from the top releasing the water to percolate slowly in a gravity-fcd downward 10 direction ensuring an equal and even water supply to radially spaced plant roots. The invention facilitates the vertical growth of multiple secondary plant stems along the length of a horizontally placed plant. The invention encourages robust growth with a self-supporting habit eliminating the need for a typical plant trellis. 15 In a further preferred embodiment, the growth device of the present invention may be featured as part of a walled, preferably circular container that can be filled with growing medium. The growth device can be attached to or formed integrally with the circular container. The growth device can be featured at the top of the container, the bottom or both ends. The device and container are open at the top 20 and bottom surfaces so as to be hollow throughout. The walls of the container may or not be perforated. Perforations allow for the free movement of ambient air to stimulate root growth thereby improving plant growth. The growth device may be attached to the preferred upper shape defining member forming a one-piece top of a growing container comprised of the 25 preferred wall member and a lower shape defining member. According to still a further preferred embodiment, the growth device of the present invention may be provided in a tiered form. For example, a first growth ring may be provided within the internal diameter of an upper portion of a pot or plant container, with one or more smaller growth rings located in a stacked formation on 30 top of the first growth ring or soil or other plant growth media within the first growth ring. The growth ring may therefore have a portion, which extends toward the centre 8 of the pot or plant container. This portion will typically be a shoulder onto which smaller growth rings may be stacked if desired. Normally, the soil or other plant growth media will extend upwardly to the top of the uppermost growth ring. In this way, a number of layers of plants may 5 be provided in a stacked formation with any nutrients or fluid being able to cascade downwardly over the various root areas of all plants. In this formation, the layers of plants will normally be offset from one another. The plants grown in the pot or plate container of this embodiment with the tiered form of the invention may be the same or different types of plants. This 10 form may allow companion planting within the same pot or plate container. The device can be used to grow plants in natural earth near ground level using a bottomless pot, where the outer rim provides stem support for plants placed in a horizontal position, the outer wall height keeps plants from touching the ground and the open bottom allows plant root systems to grow downwards directly 15 into the natural earth. The device of the present invention may be formed from any material but the particularly preferred material will be plastic or similar in order that the device be robust but still light weight. The device of the present invention will normally be placed in a pot or 20 plant container, preferably adjacent the wall of the pot or plant container. This may allow the device to be braced against the wall of the pot or plant container to minimise the chance of accidental dislodgement. The device will typically be pressed down into the soil or other growth medium in the pot or plant container in order to maintain its position. 25 A further linear embodiment of the invention includes a spacing body having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plants in a rectangular shaped plant growth container to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. The longer sides of the linear embodiment has a continuous upper portion which is unbroken by any openings. The plurality of openings are provided 30 extending into the lower edge of the body. Normally, the plurality of openings are evenly spaced along these sides.

9 A flat or arch shaped strip connects the left side and right side of the linear embodiment and is preferably one-piece as permanently part of the embodiment fabrication materials. The connected strip functions as a stabilizer keeping both slotted sides from bending or warping with continued use as well as functioning as a 5 handle to lift the entire embodiment on and off the growing container. Each end of the linear embodiment is partially enclosed to permanently attach the vertical end of each side at the correct dimension from one another and help stabilized the entire embodiment. The enclosure leaves a space at the bottom edge to allow the embodiment to be pressed down into the soil contained within the growing 10 container. The enclosure further leaves space at the top edge to allow for the passage of hands to grip the stabilizer strip so the entire embodiment can be lifted and carried. An opening allows for the passage of an irrigation, which can be used to hold the pipe in position. It may be desired that the linear embodiment be placed on the floor at 15 ground level of a greenhouse for example. As the linear embodiment is filled with a growing medium, the longer sides of the embodiment will have a tendency to move apart from one another severely distorting the embodiment and causing possible collapse and structural failure. A notch or indentation at the top perimeter edge of an opening in a 20 concrete floor of a greenhouse can be used to receive the bottom edge of the linear embodiment thereby sufficiently holding the embodiment with growing medium securely in place particularly if the long sides of the embodiment are tall. It may be desired that plants placed in the plurality of openings be at a manageable working height in a large commercial greenhouse for example. A higher 25 plant level linear embodiment would feature a horizontal row of openings preferably spaced equally from one another at the desired working height from the floor of the greenhouse. Plant openings would be closed on all sides with plants positioned horizontally through the openings with roots placed within the interior of the embodiment. 30 Yet a further grow block embodiment of the invention includes a spacing body having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plants as part of any shaped grow block to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space.

10 Typically, the grow block embodiment will be manufactured from one or more of compressed coco fibres, rockwool, peat or other non-soil growth materials commonly used in the hydroponics industry to facilitate and promote plant root growth throughout the material. The material forms the shape of the grow block and 5 provides a growth medium for plant roots throughout its filled area contained within the shape. In one embodiment, vertical plant openings and a root cavity are cut or pressed into the grow block creating a one-piece solid pot. The root cavity creates space for plant roots placed within the grow 10 block when plant stems are positioned horizontally projecting radially outside the outer perimeter of the grow block. An insert manufactured from similar grow block manufacturing materials is used to cover plant roots within the top centre portion of the grow block thereby preventing open air from inhibiting root growth. 15 In another embodiment, only a root cavity is featured at the top centre of the grow block. A top cover of the same embodiment preferably covers the top surface of the block helping protect the cavity grow block from moulds and fungus. A plurality of openings spaced in a perpendicular wall section at the top surface of the 20 top cover allow for the placement of a plurality of plants horizontally with plant stems supported by the top surface of the top cover. A further top cap may be provided to be inserted into the centre space of the top cover covering plant roots. A plurality of vertical openings spaced from the bottom edge of the perimeter wall of the cap allow the plant stems to pass through the 25 openings created when the cap is placed directly on top of the cover. In this installed position, the cap provides air circulation and serves as an irrigation portal through an array of openings perforating the horizontal surface of the cap. In the preferred embodiment of the top cap, vertical protrusion wall sections are attached to or are part of the top perimeter edge of the top cap. Ideally, 30 the protrusion wall sections oppose each other having openings to allow the passage of a water delivery tube commonly used in drip irrigation systems.

I I The protrusions or tabs are used to position and bold an irrigation tube and fitting above the perforated surface of the cap below. The exterior circumference of the grow block embodiment may be wrapped with a biodegradable paper or mesh material that allows ambient air to move 5 through the material and into the grow block to promote root growth and potentially improve plant health and harvest. Once harvest is complete, the plant, the grow block and the wrap may be composted and recycled. An irrigation outlet may be positioned at the top centre of the grow block watering all plants simultaneously. Water will soak the insert and percolate 10 downward into plant roots. A further hanging planter embodiment includes a spacing body having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plants in a preferably circular shaped plant growth container to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. A bottom plant tray and an upper fluid vessel comprise the hanging 15 planter embodiment. The planar surface of the plant tray supports plant stems and roots planted radially around the outer circumference. A cavity at the centre of the plant tray collects excess water as it passes through plant root systems preventing periodic dripping to floor surfaces below. A central opening protrusion at the bottom centre of 20 the cavity allows a fastener attachment from which the planter is suspended from above. Outer and inner perimeter walls hold growing medium in place. The outer wall has a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plants in a preferably circular manner. The inner wall has a plurality of openings therein to 25 provide passages for water drainage. Plant root systems arc placed between the vertical chamber formed by the outer and inner perimeter walls with plant stems directed outwardly, positioned horizontally around the perimeter of the outside of the plant tray. An upper fluid vessel contains water and fertilizers for plant growth 30 and is typically filled from the top. At its lower edge, a recessed cavity at the approximate centre of the vessel holds a drip ring device designed to slowly release water from the vessel, into 12 the ring, through ring openings, onto the upper surface of the bottom portion of the vessel, through openings in the vertical stop wall and onto the growing medium containing the plant roots. Fluids from the vessel are gravity fed where the flow rate may be 5 controlled the drip ring itself or a timer device. In its operational position, the fluid vessel rests directly on top of the growing medium and in between the outer and inner perimeter walls of the plant tray after plants are planted. Once in place, the vessel provides root protection from the elements. Fluids from the vessel above provide water and fertilizer to the plants 10 below. Any of the features described herein can be combined in any combination with any one or more of the other features described herein within the scope of the invention. Brief Description of the Drawings. 15 Various embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a perspective view of the ring embodiment of the plant growth device. Figure 2 is a perspective view of the preferred bowl embodiment of the 20 cover. Figure 3 is a schematic view from above of a device according to one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 is a sectional side view of the device illustrated in Figure 1. Figure 5 is a side view of the device illustrated in Figure 1. 25 Figure 6 is a side view of an alternative wall profile, which may be used. Figure 7 is a side view of an alternative wall profile, which may be used. Figure 8 is a side view of a further alternative wall profile which may 30 be used. Figure 9 is a detailed view of a portion of the sidewall of a preferred embodiment of the present invention with a plant stem.

13 Figure 10 is a view from above of a pot with a device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the spread of plants. Figure 11 is a view from the side of a pot with a device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the spread of plants. 5 Figure 12 is a view from the side of a pot with a device according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention showing the upward shooting of plants. Figure 13 is a view from the top of a pot with a device according to the preferred embodiment in position holding the plant stems in a vertical position to 10 ensure that the plant ends outside the perimeter of the ring turn upwards and multiple vertical branching occurs along each horizontal stem. Figure 14 is a side view showing the outside ring holding the plants in position. Figure 15 is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the device 15 showing 4 individual sections that when placed adjacent to each other form a continuous ring. Figure 16 is a is a top view of an alternative embodiment of the device showing 4 individual sections that are placed adjacent to each other forming a continuous ring. 20 Figure 17 is a side view of a further alternative embodiment of the device. Figure 18 is a side view of a further alternative embodiment of the device. Figure 19 is a top view of still another embodiment of the present 25 invention showing vertical slots open from the top edge of a pot. Figure 20 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention showing the pot, the ring, the cover and the weight. Figure 21 is a side view of a stacked embodiment of the present invention. 30 Figure 22 is a side view of bottomless pots connected with an irrigation pipe with irrigation fittings. Figure 24 is a top view of bottomless pots connected with an irrigation 14 pipe with irrigation fittings Figure 25 shows a side view of a linear embodiment of the invention. Figure 26 shows a top view of the linear embodiment of the invention. Figure 27 shows a top view across section A shown in figure 25 5 illustrating the vertical plant openings. Figure 28 shows a cross section view at the centre of the embodiment B illustrated in figure 25. Figure 29 shows an end view of the embodiment shown in figure 25. Figure 30 shows a side view of the linear embodiment positioned 10 within a growing container. Figure 31 shows a top view of the device placed within a growing container showing plants positioned in a horizontal position. Figure 32 shows a cross sectional view B in figure 25 illustrating plants growing in the preferred horizontal position. 15 Figure 33 shows a side view of the invention within a growing container showing an irrigation pipe. Figure 34 shows a top view of the slot grow block embodiment. Figure 35 shows a top view of the slot grow block embodiment with plants. 20 Figure 36 shows a top view of the slot grow block embodiment with plants and insert. Figure 37 is a top view of the insert. Figure 38 is a side view of the insert. Figure 39 shows an exploded view of the slot grow block showing a 25 plant slot. Figure 40 shows a side view of the slot grow block embodiment with insert. Figure 41 shows a sectional view of the slot grow block embodiment with plants and insert. 30 Figure 42 shows a side view of a the slot grow block embodiment with plants and insert. Figure 43 shows a side view of the slot grow block with plants placed 15 on top of an inverted grow block to gain more root space and extend plant growing time. Figure 44 shows a perspective view of the slot grow block embodiment. 5 Figure 45 shows a cross view of the cavity grow block. Figure 46 shows a top view of the cavity grow block. Figure 47 shows a cross view of the top cover. Figure 48 shows a top view of the top cover. Figure 49 shows a bottom view of the top cover. 10 Figure 50 shows a cross view of the top cap. Figure 51 shows a top view of the top cap. Figure 52 shows a bottom view of the top cap. Figure 53 shows an assembled view of the cavity block with the top cover and the top cap. 15 Figure 54 shows a perspective view of the cavity block. Figure 55 shows a perspective view of the top cover. Figure 56 shows a perspective view of the top cap. Figure 57 shows a side view of the bottom plant tray of the hanging planter embodiment. 20 Figure 58 is a cross view of the bottom plant tray of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 59 is a top cross view of the bottom plant tray of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 60 shows a side view of the top fluid holding vessel of the 25 hanging planter embodiment. Figure 61 shows a top view of the top fluid holding vessel of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 62 shows a top cross view of the top fluid holding vessel of the hanging planter embodiment. 30 Figure 63 shows a cross view of the top fluid holding vessel of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 64 shows an assembled cross view of the top fluid holding 16 vessel and bottom plant tray of the banging planter embodiment. Figure 65 shows an assembled side view of the top fluid holding vessel and bottom plant tray of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 66 shows an assembled top view of the top fluid holding vessel 5 and bottom plant tray of the hanging planter embodiment. Figure 67 shows a perspective view of the upper fluid vessel. Figure 68 shows a perspective view of the lower plant tray. Figure 69 shows a perspective view of the top cap with tabs with openings. 10 Figure 70 shows a cross view of the linear embodiment positioned within a notched concrete slab. Figure 71 shows a side view of the high walled linear embodiment with a row of equally spaced openings at a working height. Figure 72 shows a cross view of the one-piece growth ring and 15 container embodiment. Figure 73 shows a side view of the one-piece growth ring and container embodiment. Figure 74 shows the one-piece growth ring and container positioned on the top surface of a growth medium in a conventional pot commonly used to grow 20 plants. Figure 75 shows a perspective view of the one-piece growth ring and walled container embodiment. Figure 76 shows a cross view of the co-joined slotted growth device and the preferred upper shape defining member. 25 Figure 77 shows a perspective view of the upper shape defining member. Figure 78 shows a cross view the co-joined embodiment forming the top of the growing container with the wall member and lower shape defining member. Figure 79 shows a perspective view of the co-joined embodiment. 30 Figure 80 shows a perspective view of the lower shape defining member. Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment.

17 According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plant growth ring is provided. The plant growth ring 10 of the preferred embodiment illustrated in Figures 1, 3 to 13 includes a spacing body 11 having a plurality of openings 12 5 therein to space a plurality of plants 13 in a plant growth container 14 to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. This allows a plant to be laid in a substantially horizontal orientation in a pot and extend out of each of the openings in order to increase the numbers of plants in the pot as illustrated in Figure 10 in particular. 10 The plant growth ring device will normally have two main preferred embodiments namely, a ring embodiment (illustrated in Figures 1, 3 to 13) and an elongate strip embodiment (illustrated in Figures 14 to 16). In a further alternative embodiment, the device may be provided as part of the plant container or pot itself as illustrated in Figure 18. 15 According to the first main embodiment (the ring embodiment) in the device has a substantially continuous body. The body illustrated is circular as most pots are circular. The wall(s) of the body may be substantially planar, convex, concave or vertically straight as illustrated in Figures 5, 6, 7 and 8. The body has a continuous upper portion which is unbroken by any 20 openings. The plurality of openings are provided extending into the lower edge of the body as illustrated in Figure 1. Normally, the plurality of openings 12 are evenly spaced about the body. Each of the openings 12 in the body are arch shaped with a pair of parallel sidewalls and an arcuate upper periphery as illustrated in Figure 9. 25 The openings 12 are of the same dimension (both in width and height) and extend approximately half way up the height of the body. According to the preferred ring embodiment, an area 15 will be defined within the ring. As illustrated in Figure 11, at least one plant 17 can be planted substantially centrally in an area defined by the root areas of the peripheral plants 13. 30 As a result of the preferred horizontal orientation of the plant stems, multiple branching 19 typically occurs from a horizontal plant stem as illustrated in Figure 11.

18 More than one ring may be provided concentrically with one another. For example, provision of a larger ring 18 outside a smaller ring 10 may help ensure that the stems of the plants remain substantially horizontal as illustrated in Figure 13 and 14. 5 The ring 10 illustrated has an enlarged edge portion 20 continuously about the upper edge. The edge portion 20 is rectilinear in cross-section. The edge portion may be outwardly or inwardly facing as illustrated in Figure 4. The ring can be made of several sections which'when placed adjacent to one another will form a continuous embodiment as illustrated in figure 15 and 16 10 and shown as section 18A, section 18B, section 18C and section 18D. According to an alternative embodiment, the device may be provided as an elongate strip 16 or similar as illustrated in Figures 17. The elongate strip will have the features of the above-mentioned ring 10 except that instead of being continuous and formed in one closed ring, the device will have a pair of free ends. 15 The strip has connection means in order to connect to another body or to itself It is particularly preferred that the connection means to be provided at either end of the elongate strip. The illustrated connection means includes providing a series of openings 21 at either end which can be aligned and a plug or pin 22 inserted in therethrough as illustrated in Figure 18 to provide adjustability in dimension. 20 In yet a further embodiment, the openings 12 may be formed in a wall of the pot or plant container 14 itself as illustrated in Figure 19. In this form, the openings are arch shaped but are downwardly extending into the wall of the pot or plant container. The invention may further include a cover 23 or similar as illustrated in 25 Figure 2 and 20. Where provided, the cover 23 is a substantially closed bowl adapted to rest at least partially on the body 11. The preferred bowl embodiment of the cover illustrated has a flattened upper surface 24. In use, a weight 25 may be provided on the flattened upper surface in order to prevent accidental removal or dislodgement of the cover 23 due to wind or 30 accidental contact, for example. It is preferred that the cover is manufactured with a dark colour in order to absorb heat. The provision of the cover over the root area of plants may 19 therefore act as a simulated greenhouse maintaining heat and moisture within the cover to the benefit of plants. The sidewalls of the cover will preferably be angled outwardly and downwardly such that any fluid striking the cover 23 from outside will be directed 5 downwardly into the pot or plate container. The cover is designed to reduce evaporation caused by the direct rays of the sun. It can be circular, square, rectangular and square in design. It is engineered to fit inside the plant insert ring. The device is open across its bottom diameter where it sits on the growing medium within the pot. It may have a flat edge 26 protruding the 10 bottom outside perimeter to provide additional stability when placing one pot on top of one another. It can be pressed down slightly and pushed down into the earth to give some stability and wind protection. It is enclosed on all sides with no openings. All sides are sloped to allow for both outside rainfall and inside irrigation water to be easily delivered to the plant roots. Typically, the top of the invention is enclosed as 15 well. The top of the invention may feature an opening 27 for ease of removal, ventilation or the insertion of irrigation pipe and fittings.. The device can be fabricated from plastic, wood, concrete, ceramics, glass, and clay or composite materials. Once in position, the invention blocks heat and light caused by the sun 20 providing a shaded area over the medium filled pot or growing container helping reduce evaporation thus significantly reducing the amount of water required by plants, The sloped sides of the outside surface of the walls of the invention will cause natural rainwater to flow downwards towards the roots of the plants, The sloped sides of the inside surface of the walls of the invention will 25 cause irrigation water delivered from an irrigation nozzle positioned within the pot and protruding from the growing medium surface to splash up against these curved walls and flow and drip downwards towards the plant root systems, The flat top surface of the invention accommodates the placement of a weighted object to prevent the wind from blowing the invention off the pot and onto 30 the ground, Once the invention has been installed, it creates a sealed area with low oxygen levels, which will inhibit the growth of harmful bacteria and fungus elements, 20 The invention provides protection from root digging creatures and egg laying insects, The darker the colour of the invention, the more it will absorb the suns heat thereby creating a heat sink which will promote the growth of heat loving plants the surround the invention and are installed within the lower plant ring. 5 According to still further preferred embodiment, the growth device of the present invention may be provided in a tiered form as illustrated in Figure 21. A first growth ring may be provided which is substantially the same as the internal diameter of an upper portion of a pot or plant container with one or more smaller growth rings located in a stacked formation on top of the first growth ring. 10 Normally, the soil or other plant growth media will extend upwardly to the top of the uppermost growth ring. In this way, a number of layers of planets may be provided in a stacked formation with any nutrients or fluid being able to cascade downwardly over the various root areas of all plants. In this formation, the layers of plants will normally be offset from one another. 15 This embodiment of the invention gives the gardener an option to stack horizontal plants, one on top of each other in a few pot inserts. For example, a pot insert with a diameter of 15 inches would fit nicely into a 16" pot filled with earth. Once the plants are placed horizontally through the perimeter of the insert, the insert is filled to the top with earth. Rather than plant the filled area with flowers or herbs, 20 the gardener can place a 12-inch diameter inset directly on the top of the earth fill centered in the 16 inch first insert. Plants can be placed horizontally through the second insert and filled with earth. If desired, a third 8-inch insert can be placed on top of the second insert centered in the second 12" insert. Similarly, plants can be placed horizontally through the insert. Stacking these inserts in such a manner creates 25 a pyramid shape of filled earth, inserts, and horizontally placed plants - ideal for hanging flower basket design. The exterior wall and earth fill of each pot insert below another helps support each horizontal plant stem planted in the pot insert above it. This form of the invention helps conserve water by collecting irrigation water within its perimeter walls and delivering it by percolation to the individual root 30 systems. A single water application irrigates several plants in a single pot rather than watering several plants in multiple pots.

21 Figure 22 shows the bottomless pot 28 used with the invention 10 to grow plants where the outer rim provides stem support for plants placed in a horizontal position 13, the outer wall height keeps plants from touching the ground and the open bottom allows plant root systems to grow downwards directly into the 5 natural earth 29. Selected openings 12 can be used to support a continuous irrigation pipe 30 that connects one bottomless pot embodiment to another where the pipe is supported the rim of the pot and kept in position by the particular slot used as shown in figure 23 and 24. An irrigation fitting 31 can be attached to the pipe where it 10 intersects the ring embodiment 10. A further linear embodiment of the invention includes a spacing body 32 having a plurality of openings 12 therein to space a plurality of plants 13 in a plant growth container 14 to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. The embodiment increases the number of plants that can be planted in a rectangular 15 growing container illustrated in Figures 31 and 32 in particular. Plant openings 12 have rounded arch tops 36 to protect plant stems from sharp cutting edges shown in figure 25. Plant root systems 41 are contained within the growing container shown in figures 31 and 32. 20 The longer sides of the linear embodiment 32 has a continuous upper portion which is unbroken by any openings. The plurality of openings are provided extending into the lower edge of the body as illustrated in Figure 32. Normally, the plurality of openings 12 are evenly spaced along these sides as shown in Figure 27, section A Figure 25. 25 A flat or arch shaped strip 33 shown in Figure 28 from cross section B in Figure 25 connects the left side 37 and right side 38 of the linear embodiment 32 and is preferable one-piece as permanently part of the embodiment fabrication materials. The connected strip functions as a stabilizer keeping both slotted sides from bending or warping with continued use as well as functioning as a handle 33 to lift the 30 entire embodiment on and off the growing container. Each end of the linear embodiment 34 is partially enclosed to permanently fix each side at the correct dimension from one another and help 22 stabilized the entire embodiment shown in Figure 29. The enclosure leaves a space at the bottom edge 39 to allow the embodiment to be pressed down into the soil contained within the growing container. The enclosure also leaves space at the top edge 40 to allow for the passage of hands to grip the stabilizer strip so the entire 5 embodiment can be lifted and carried. An opening 35 allows for the passage of an irrigation pipe 42 as shown in Figure 33. The opening also holds the pipe in place. A growing medium 42 such as soil is filled to a depth approximately half the width of the plant root system 41 allowing the top edge of the growing container 14 to support the horizontal plant stem as shown in Figure 33. 10 A growing medium 42 such as soil is filled to the top edge of each long side of the embodiment thereby covering plant root systems as well as providing support to an irrigation pipe 42 illustrated in Figure 33. A further slot grow block embodiment 44 typically used in hydroponics growing systems (illustrated in figures 34 to 42) grows plants radically 15 having a spacing body 49 having a plurality of openings 12 therein to space a plurality of plants 13 in a grow block 44 to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. This allows a plant to be laid in a substantially horizontal orientation in the grow block and extend out of each of the slot openings in order to increase the numbers of plants grown as illustrated in Figures 34, 35 and 36 in particular. 20 An indentation forms a lower cavity 46 at the top centre of the grow block 44 to allow for the placement of individual plant root systems 41 within the grow block as shown in Figures 34, 35and 39. An insert 45 is placed inside the slot grow block cavity 46 covering plant roots 41 providing protection from open air which typically inhibits plant root 25 growth as shown in Figures 36 and 41. The insert 45 forms a cavity when placed in its final position just below the top surface 49 of the grow block 44 allowing irrigation water to collect in the cavity formed on the top surface of the insert 48 and percolate down into plant root systems 41 as shown in Figures 41 and 42. 30 The slot grow block may be placed in a drip tray to collect excess water as shown in Figures 41 and 42.

23 When plant roots require more space, depth or plants 13 are grown over an extended period of time, additional root space may be created by placing a grow block 44 directly on top of another grow block in an inverted position 50 as shown in Figure 43. 5 The cavity grow block 51 has a root cavity 46 at the top centre of the block as shown in Figures 45 and 46. A top cover 52 covers the top surface of the cavity pot 51 having its perimeter edge 53 cover the top perimeter edge of the cavity pot and its inner perimeter edge 54 covering the inside top perimeter of the cavity edge of the cavity 10 pot as shown in Figures 47 and 49. A plurality of openings 12 spaced in a perpendicular wall section 55 at the top surface of the top cover 52 allow for the placement of a plurality of plants horizontally with plant stems supported by the top surface 56 of the top cover as shown in Figure 48. 15 A further top cap 57 (illustrated in Figures 50, 51, 52 and 53) of the same embodiment inserts into the centre space 58 of the top cover 52 covering plant roots 41. A plurality of vertical openings 12 spaced from the bottom edge and spaced around the perimeter wall 59 of the cap allow the plant stems 13 to pass through the openings created when the cap 57 is placed directly on top of the cover 51. In this 20 installed position, the cap provides air circulation and serves as an irrigation portal through an array of openings 60 perforating the horizontal surface of the cap 61. The bottom plant tray 62 of the hanging planter embodiment as shown in Figures 58, 59 and 60 has a plurality of openings 12 therein to space a plurality of plants in a preferably circular shaped plant growth container to allow intensive growth 25 of plants per unit of space as shown in Figure 58. Figures 59 and 60 show several features of the bottom plant tray including a cavity 63 at the centre of the plant tray collects any excess water as it passes through plant root systems preventing periodic dripping to floor surfaces below. A central chamber 66 rises vertically from the bottom interior surface of the 30 cavity 63 providing support for a fastener. A central opening 68 at the top surface of the vertical chamber 66 allows for a fastener attachment from which the planter is suspended from above.

24 An outer perimeter wall 64 and an inner perimeter wall 65 hold the growing medium in place as shown in Figure 59. The outer wall has a plurality of openings 12 therein to space a plurality of plants in a preferably circular manner. The inner wall 65 has a plurality of openings 69 therein to provide passages for water 5 drainage. Figures 60 and 61 show the upper fluid vessel of the hanging planter embodiment. A circular chamber holds water and fertilizing fluids having an opening at its canter its full height. At its lower edge 77, a recessed cavity 74 at the approximate centre of 10 the vessel holds a drip ring 75 device designed to slowly release fluids 81 from the vessel 71, into the ring 75, through ring openings, onto the upper surface 78 of the bottom portion of the vessel, through openings 79 in the vertical stop wall 80 and onto the growing medium contained within the lower planter tray as shown in Figures 62 and 63. A connector 76 connects the vessel to the drip ring 75. 15 Figure 64 shows the assembled hanging planter embodiment with the upper fluid vessel 71 placed on top of the lower plant tray 62. Figures 65 and 66 show the assembled embodiment with plants horizontally positioned and spaced radially about the device. A fastened tether 70 supports the device and suspends the entire embodiment in air from above. 20 Figure 69 shows a perspective view of the top cap with two opposing perpendicular tabs 81 with irrigation tube openings 82 protruding upwards from the top perimeter edge of the top cap. Figure 70 shows a cross view the linear embodiment 32 placed within a notched cavity 83 of a concrete floor 84 of a controlled environment structure such as 25 a greenhouse. Figure 71 shows a side view of a high wall linear embodiment 85 with a row of openings 86 placed at working height above the concrete floor 84 of a greenhouse. Figure 72 shows a cross view of the one-piece growth ring device 11 30 positioned at the top of a perforated walled container 87 or growth sleeve. In the embodiment, perforations 88 are spaced evenly about the vertical walls of the container. The top perimeter edge of the container features a flat surface 90 where a 25 plant stem would be supported. The outer and inner edges of the flat surface are rounded so no sharp edges damage the plant stem. The bottom perimeter edge 91 features a flat surface that provides support for the entire one-piece embodiment when it is positioned vertically on the top surface of a growth medium within a conventional 5 plant container 89. A recessed edge 92 provides structural stability where the growth ring 11 and container 87 attach and keeps excess water and soil runoff from draining over the top surface edge 90 and down the sides of the container 87. Figure 73 shows a side view of the one-piece ring device I1 positioned at the top of a perforated walled container 87. 10 Figure 74 shows a side view of the one-piece ring device I positioned at the top of a perforated walled container 87. The one-piece embodiment is positioned vertically on the top surface of a growing medium within a conventional growing container or pot 89. Figure 75 shows a perspective view of the one-piece growth ring and 15 growth container embodiment. Figure 76 shows a cross view of the slotted plant growth device 11 co joined with the upper shape defining member 93 form a one-piece embodiment 97. Figure 77 shows a perspective view of the upper shape defining number. 20 Figure 78 shows a cross view of the one-piece embodiment 97, the wall member 94 and the lower shape defining member 95 forming the body of a growing container 98. Figure 79 shows a perspective view of the one-piece embodiment 97. Figure 80 shows a perspective view of the lower shape defining 25 member 98. In the present specification and claims (if any), the word "comprising" and its derivatives including "comprises" and "comprise" include each of the stated integers but does not exclude the inclusion of one or more further integers. Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an 30 embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. Thus, the appearance of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an 26 embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations.

Claims (39)

1. A plant growth device including at least one spacing body having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plant portions in a plant growth container to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space. 5

2. A plant growth device as claimed in claim I wherein the spacing body includes a perforated wall surface to allow flow through the spacing body.

3. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the at least one spacing body is a unitary closed ring.

4. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 3 wherein the spacing body is 10 substantially planar, convex, or concave in cross-section.

5. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2 wherein the at least one spacing body is an elongate body.

6. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the body has a continuous upper portion which is unbroken by any openings and the 15 plurality of openings are provided extending into a lower edge of the body.

7. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein each of the openings are arch shaped with a pair of parallel sidewalls and an arcuate connecting periphery.

8. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the 20 spacing body is used in an inverted condition with the continuous upper portion lowermost.

9. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 3 wherein the elongate strip is flexible and has a pair of free ends.

10. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 9 wherein connection means is 25 provided adjacent at least one free end in order to connect to another body or to itself.

11. A plant growth device as claimed in claim I or claim 2 wherein the at least one spacing body is an integral part of a plant container or pot itself.

12. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of the preceding claims wherein the 30 spacing body has an enlarged edge portion at one or both of the upper or lower edge of the device. 28

13. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 12 wherein the edge portion has a rectilinear cross-section, either outwardly or inwardly facing.

14. A plant growth device according to any one of the preceding claims further including a cover support in the form of a substantially closed bowl with a 5 flattened upper surface corresponding to the dimension of the indent and a lower region dimensioned to be smaller than the upper and lower shape defining members.

15. A plant growth device according to claim 14 wherein the cover support is provided with at least one closeable opening. 10

16. A plant growth device according to claim 15 wherein the cover support is provided with an irrigation inlet in order to allow liquid to be applied to the root area of the plants contained within.

17. A plant growth device according to claim 14 wherein the cover support includes a flat edge protruding at a lower perimeter. 15

18. A plant growth device according to any one of the preceding claims provided in a tiered form with a first growth device provided within an internal diameter of an upper portion of a pot or plant container, with one or more smaller growth devices located in a stacked formation on top of the first growth devices or soil or other plant growth media within the first growth device. 20

19. A method of intensive growth of plants in a pot or plant container, each plant having a root area and stem, the method including planting a number of plants spaced radially around the pot, each plant being in a substantially horizontal position such that the root areas of each of the plants are adjacent one another and the stem of each plant extends at least partially outside the pot periphery. 25

20. A method as claimed in claim 19 including the step of planting at least one plant substantially centrally in an area defined by root areas of the peripheral plants.

21. A method as claimed in claim 19 or 20 including the step of providing at least a pair of plant growth device each including at least one spacing body having a plurality of openings therein spaced concentrically within one another. 30

22. A method as claimed in claim 21 wherein the plant growth device are spaced vertically as well as concentrically. 29

23. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 1 including a spacing body formed of plant growth media having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plants to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space.

24. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 23 wherein the spacing body is 5 manufactured from any one or more of compressed coco fibres, rockwool, peat and materials commonly used in the hydroponics industry to facilitate and promote plant root growth.

25. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 23 or 24 wherein the spacing body is a substantially solid block with openings formed radiating from a central portion of 10 the spacing body.

26. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 23 wherein at least some of the openings have an associated root cavity to create space for plant roots placed within the block.

27. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 25 or 26 wherein the spacing body is 15 formed from two or more parts abutting each other with the openings formed in at least one of the parts and closed by another of the two or more parts.

28. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 27 wherein an exterior circumference of the spacing body at least partially covered with a biodegradable material that allows ambient air to move through the material. 20

29. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 28 wherein an irrigation outlet is provided into the spacing body.

30. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of claims 23 to 28 wherein a cover is provided covers the top surface of the block helping protect the cavity grow block from moulds and fungus. 25

31. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 30 wherein the cover has a planar cover surface with one or more perpendicular wall sections with a plurality of openings are provided spaced about the cover allowing for the placement of a plurality of plants horizontally with plant stems supported by a the planar surface of the cover. 30

32. A plant growth device as claimed in either one of claims 30 or 31 wherein a top cap is provided above the cover covering plant roots. 30

33. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 32 wherein a plurality of openings are provided in the top cap allowing plant stems to pass through the openings created when the cap is placed directly on top of the cover.

34. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of claims 30 to 33 wherein either the 5 cover or cap has substantially horizontal surface portion with a plurality of openings therein to allow moisture and air to enter and exit through the cover or cap.

35. A plant growth device as claimed in claim I in a suspended or hanging embodiment wherein the at least one spacing body includes a bottom plant tray 10 holding plant growing medium and an upper fluid vessel is provided to allow fluid to feed into the plant tray.

36. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 35 wherein the bottom plant tray includes a radially extending planar surface to support plant stems and roots, a substantially central cavity to collect excess fluid as it passes through plant root 15 systems and a central opening within the cavity for a fastener attachment from which the device is suspended from above.

37. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 36 wherein inner and outer perimeter walls are provided on radially extending planar surface to hold plant growing medium in place, the outer wall having a plurality of openings therein to space a 20 plurality of plants about the device.

38. A plant growth device as claimed in claim 37 wherein the inner wall has a plurality of openings therein to provide passages for water drainage.

39. A plant growth device as claimed in any one of claims 35 to 38 wherein the upper fluid vessel includes a cavity with a drip ring device to control the release 25 material for plant growth from the fluid vessel the growing medium containing the plant roots. 31 A horizontal plant growth device characterized by having a plurality of openings therein to space a plurality of plant portions typically in a plant growth container to allow intensive growth of plants per unit of space with a water conservation component that additionally inhibits weed growth 5