AU2010219394B2

AU2010219394B2 - Device for transmitting energy to a fastener

Info

Publication number: AU2010219394B2
Application number: AU2010219394A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Rolf Erhardt; Peter Goepfert; Wolf Iwan; Mario Zahner
Original assignee: Hilti AG
Current assignee: Hilti AG
Priority date: 2009-09-18
Filing date: 2010-09-10
Publication date: 2012-11-01
Anticipated expiration: 2030-09-10
Also published as: US20110068141A1; FR2964894A1; AU2010219394A1; FR2964894B1; DE102009041824A1; US9782882B2

Abstract

Abstract The invention relates to a device (10) for transmitting energy to a fastener, with a reaction chamber (20), an energy-transmission element (30) that can move in a fastening direction (80) for transmitting energy released in the reaction chamber to a fastener, a first supply channel (110) opening into the reaction chamber for feeding a first reagent to the reaction chamber, wherein the first supply channel comprises a compression device (150) with a rotor and a compression element for compressing the first reagent into the reaction chamber. (Fig. 1) 0 0 CD o 0L cec

Description

- 1 AUSTRALIA PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT ORIGINAL Name of Applicant/s: Hilti Aktiengesellschaft Actual Inventor/s: Wolf Iwan and Mario Zahner and Rolf Erhardt and Dipl.Ing. Goepfert Peter Address for Service is: SHELSTON IP 60 Margaret Street Telephone No: (02) 9777 1111 SYDNEY NSW 2000 Facsimile No. (02) 9241 4666 CCN: 3710000352 Attorney Code: SW Invention Title: DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING ENERGY TO A FASTENER The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us: File: 67433AUP00 2 DEVICE FOR TRANSMITTING ENERGY TO A FASTENER Technical field of the Invention [0001] The invention relates to a device for transmitting energy to a fastener. Background of the Invention [0002] Any discussion of the prior art throughout the specification should in no way be considered as an admission that such prior art is widely known or forms part of common general knowledge in the field. [0003] Such devices typically comprise a reaction chamber in which one or more reagents react with each other and an energy-transmission element that transmits at least a part of the energy released during the reaction in the reaction chamber to a fastener. [0004] After the fastener is fastened to a backing, it is desirable that the device is available for a new transmission of energy to a fastener after the shortest possible time. Summary of the Invention [0005] The invention in at least one preferred embodiment advantageously provides a device for transmitting energy to a fastener in which the reaction chamber can be supplied with at least one first reagent in a short time. [0006] According to the invention, there is provided a device for transmitting energy to a fastener with a reaction chamber, energy-transmission means for transmitting energy released in the reaction chamber to a fastener, a first supply channel opening into the reaction chamber for feeding a first reagent to the reaction chamber, wherein the first supply channel comprises a compression device for compressing the first reagent into the reaction chamber, and wherein the compression device comprises a rotor having a rotational axis and a compression element arranged locked in rotation on the rotor for compressing the first reagent. [0007] Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the description and the claims, the words "comprise", "comprising", and the like are to be construed in an inclusive 3 sense as opposed to an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is to say, in the sense of "including, but not limited to". [0008] In one preferred embodiment of the device the energy-transmission means comprise an energy-transmission element that can move in a fastening direction and having, in particular, an axis of symmetry oriented in the fastening direction with an energy-receiving face adjacent to the reaction chamber and an energy-discharge face. [0009] One preferred embodiment of the device comprises a rotary drive having a rotational axis for the rotor. [0010] In one preferred embodiment of the device the rotational axis of the rotor and/or the rotational axis of the drive is oriented essentially in the fastening direction and coincides, in particular, essentially with the piston axis of symmetry. [0011] One preferred embodiment of the device comprises a second supply channel for feeding a second reagent to the reaction chamber. Preferably, the second supply channel opens into the reaction chamber. (0012] According to one preferred embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel. In an especially preferred way, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. According to another preferred embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the compression device. According to another preferred embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel downstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. [0013] In one preferred embodiment of the device the first supply channel and/or the second supply channel has an inlet opening for surrounding air. [0014] One preferred embodiment of the device comprises a receptacle for a reagent reservoir adjacent to the first supply channel and/or to the second supply channel.

4 [0015] In one preferred embodiment of the device the first supply channel comprises a closing device for a time-wise closing of the first supply channel. [0016] In one preferred embodiment of the device the compression element is arranged on the rotor so that it can move in the radial direction. [0017] In one preferred embodiment of the device the device comprises a control device for controlling the compression device, the drive device, and/or the closing device. [0018] In one preferred embodiment the first supply channel comprises a closing device for a time-wise closing of the first supply channel. In an especially preferred way, the device has a control device connected to the closing device for opening and closing the closing device according to specified conditions. [0019] In one preferred embodiment the reaction chamber has an especially preferred initialization device arranged in the reaction chamber for the initialization of a reaction, wherein the initialization device is connected to the control device. In an especially preferred way, the control device comprises a control mechanism that triggers the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber by means of the initialization device under the condition that the closing device is closed. [0020] One preferred embodiment comprises position-determination means for determining the position of the energy-transmission element, wherein the position-determination means are connected to the control device and wherein the control device comprises a control mechanism that triggers the opening of the closing device or the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber by means of the initialization device under the condition that the energy-transmission element is positioned in a starting position. [0021] One preferred embodiment comprises state-determination means for determining a state variable in the reaction chamber, wherein the state-determination means are connected to the control device. In an especially preferred way, the control device comprises a control mechanism that triggers an opening or closing of the closing device or the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber by means of the initialization device under the condition that a state variable in the reaction chamber reaches or exceeds or falls below a specified value.

5 [0022] One preferred embodiment comprises a drive device for the compression device, wherein the control device is connected to the drive device for controlling the compression device. [0023] In one preferred embodiment the compression and/or drive device is connected to the control device. In an especially preferred way, the control device comprises a control mechanism that triggers the opening of the closing device under the condition that the compression device is in operation. [0024] In one preferred embodiment the compression and/or drive device is connected to the control device, wherein the control device comprises a control mechanism that triggers an interruption of the compression or drive device under the condition that the compression device has been operating for a specified duration. [0025] In one preferred embodiment the closing device is arranged downstream of the compression device and upstream of the reaction chamber. [0026] One preferred embodiment comprises a second supply channel for feeding a second reagent to the reaction chamber. In an especially preferred way, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the closing device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. According to another especially preferred embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel downstream of the closing device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. [0027] Another advantageous aspect of the task is a reduced possible energy consumption by a compression device especially during the operation of a device for transmitting energy to a fastener. [0028] This is advantageously achieved by a compression device for compressing a fluid, in particular, a gas and/or a liquid, with a first operating mode and a second operating mode, wherein power consumption of the compression device in the first operating mode is greater than in the second operating mode and is independent of load. By operating the compression device in the second operating mode, the energy consumption of the compression device can be reduced, without turning off the compression device.

6 [0029] According to one preferred embodiment, the compression device draws no significant power in the second operating mode. [0030] According to one preferred embodiment, the compression device has a rotor having a rotational axis and a stator, wherein the rotational axis of the rotor can be disengaged relative to the stator or a part of the stator for switching from the first operating mode into the second operating mode. According to one especially preferred embodiment, the rotational axis of the rotor can be disengaged relative to the stator in the radial direction. According to another especially preferred embodiment, the rotational axis of the rotor can be disengaged relative to the stator in the axial direction. [0031] Preferably, the compression device is used in a device for transmitting energy to a fastener, with a reaction chamber, energy-transmission means for transmitting energy released in the reaction chamber to a fastener, and a first supply channel opening into the reaction chamber for feeding a first reagent to the reaction chamber as part of the first supply channel for feeding the first reagent into the reaction chamber. Brief Description of the Drawings [0032] Preferred embodiments of the invention will now be described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: [0033] Figure 1 shows, schematically, a device for transmitting energy to a fastener, [0034] Figure 2 shows, schematically, a device for transmitting energy to a fastener, [0035] Figure 3 shows a cross section of a compression device, [0036] Figure 4 shows a longitudinal section of a compression device, [0037] Figure 5 shows a longitudinal section of a compression device, and [0038] Figure 6 shows a cross section of a compression device.

7 Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments [0039] In Figure 1, a device 10 for transmitting energy to a fastener, for example, a nail, pin, bolt, or the like, is shown schematically. Advantageously, kinetic energy is transmitted to the fastener; in the case of not-shown embodiments, additionally or alternatively a different energy form is transmitted, for example, rotational energy, especially in the case of a screw or the like as the fastener. [0040] The device 10 has a housing 15 and, in the housing, a reaction chamber 20 with a preferably cylindrical expansion chamber 25 as well as energy-transmission means comprising an energy-transmission element 30. The energy-transmission element 30 is constructed as a piston in the shown embodiment and comprises a piston plate 40 with an energy-receiving face 50 for receiving the energy released in the reaction chamber 20. The energy-transmission element 30 further comprises a piston rod 60 with a not-shown energy-discharge face for the discharge of energy to a not-shown fastener. The piston plate 40 and the piston rod 60 are connected to each other, in particular, rigidly. The energy-discharge face is here arranged advantageously on a side of the energy-transmission element facing away from the energy receiving face. [0041] On and/or in the housing 15, the device 10 has guide means for guiding the energy transmission element 30 in a fastening direction 80, wherein the energy-transmission element 30 can be moved in the fastening direction 80 and has, in particular, an axis of symmetry 85 oriented in the fastening direction. The guide means comprise a guide element 70 that is constructed, in particular, as a piston guide and is used as a guide of the piston rod 60. Preferably, the piston plate 40 is guided in the expansion chamber likewise in the fastening direction 80. [0042] In the case of a not-shown embodiment, the energy-transmission element is constructed as a hammer or the like. In the case of other not-shown embodiments, the energy transmission element is not guided in a linear motion, as shown in Figure 1, but instead supported so that it can rotate about a rotational axis or a rotating point. [0043] For feeding fasteners to the guide element 70 within which the fasteners receive energy from the energy-discharge face of the piston rod 60, in order to be driven into a backing 90, the device 10 has a compression device 100 constructed, for example, as a magazine.

8 Advantageously, the compression device 100 here has a not-shown spring element or the like, so that a fastener is held in the guide element 70 by means of spring force. [0044] The device 10 further has a first supply channel 110 opening into the reaction chamber 20 for feeding a first reagent to the reaction chamber 20. The first supply channel 110 comprises, in addition to line sections 120, 130, 140, a compression device 150 for compressing the first reagent into the reaction chamber 20. Preferably, the compression device 150 has a not-shown rotor having a rotational axis and a compression element arranged locked in rotation on the rotor for compressing the first reagent. Preferably, the compression element is arranged on the rotor so that it can move in the radial direction. [0045] The compression device 150 preferably has a vane-cell compressor whose vanes form, in particular, one or more compression elements. According to not-shown embodiments, the compression device has a screw-type compressor, a screw-spindle pump, a hose pump, a scroll compressor, or a rotary piston pump, in particular, rotating piston machine, rotating slide pump, or gearwheel pump. According to another not-shown embodiment, the compression device has a blower, in particular, a radial blower or an axial fan, such as, for example, a tube fan. Furthermore, a ram pressure of 50 hPa, especially preferred a ram pressure of 100 hPa could be generated with the compression device. [0046] The first supply channel 110 has an inlet opening 160 for surrounding air, so that the first reagent is a component of air, especially oxygen. Preferably, the line sections 120, 130, 140 are constructed as tubes or hoses whose material comprises or consists of one or more metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics, and/or elastomers. [0047] The device 10 comprises a rotary drive 170 having a rotational axis for the rotor. Preferably, the rotational axis of the rotor and/or the rotational axis of the drive are oriented essentially in the fastening direction and/or in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the expansion chamber 25, so that mechanical loads of axle bearings and the like due to recoil occurring under some circumstances during a fastening process and/or other acceleration forces, such as, for example, gyrostatic moments, are reduced. Under some circumstances, bearings with low weight and low cost can be used here. In an especially preferred way, the rotational axis of the rotor and/or the rotational axis of the drive essentially coincide with the axis of symmetry 85 of the energy-transmission element 30.

9 [0048] In the case of not-shown embodiments, the compression device and/or the drive device are supported damped relative to the expansion chamber and/or the reaction chamber or the compression device is supported damped relative to the drive device. This is implemented, for example, by one or more elastic elements for supporting the compression device or the drive device. The elastic element or elements have, for this purpose, an elastic material, for example, an elastomer, and/or an elastic shape, for example, a spring, in particular, a coil spring, spiral spring, double-acting torsion bar, flexible spring, disk spring, or leaf spring. In the case of other not-shown embodiments, the elastic element or elements have a volute spring, annular spring, or gas spring. [0049] The device 10 further comprises a second supply channel 180 opening into the reaction chamber 20 for feeding a second reagent to the reaction chamber 20. The second supply channel 180 comprises, in addition to line sections 190, 200, a dosing device 210 for dosing the second reagent into the reaction chamber 20. Preferably, the line sections 190, 200 are constructed as tubes or hoses, whose material comprises or consists of one or more metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics, and/or elastomers. (0050] The device 10 has a receptacle 220 adjacent to the second supply channel 180 for a reagent reservoir 230. The reagent reservoir 230 can be connected here to the second supply channel such that the second reagent can be fed through the second supply channel into the reaction chamber 20. Preferably, the reagent reservoir 230 involves a fuel container, so that the second reagent is a fuel. Preferably, the second reagent is a fluid, in particular, a liquid and/or a gas that is provided, in an especially preferred way at an elevated pressure in the reagent reservoir 230, so that the second reagent can be fed by means of a pressure difference between the reagent reservoir 230 and the reaction chamber 20 through the second supply channel 180. Preferably, the reagent reservoir is constructed as an especially cylindrical nozzle whose material comprises or consists of one or more metals, alloys, ceramics, plastics, and/or elastomers. [0051] According to one not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel. Preferably, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. According to another not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the compression device. According to another not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel 10 opens into the first supply channel downstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. [0052] The first supply channel 110 shown in Figure 1 comprises a closing device 250 comprising a valve for a time-wise closing of the first supply channel 110. The closing device 250 is here arranged downstream of the compression device 150 and upstream of the reaction chamber 20 viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. The valve preferably involves a check valve. [0053] The valve can be activated advantageously hydraulically, pneumatically, electrically, electromotively, or electromagnetically, in particular, in a directly controlled, servo-controlled, or positive-controlled way. Furthermore, the valve involves, in particular, a disk valve, a roll membrane valve, a squeezing valve, a needle valve, a ball valve, or a tap cock. [0054] The device 10 further comprises a control device 240 for controlling the compression device 150, the drive device 170, and/or the closing device 250. The control device 240 is connected to the closing device 250 for opening and closing the closing device 250 according to specified conditions. Furthermore, the control device 240 is connected to the drive device 170 for controlling the compression device 150. The control device 240 advantageously comprises a control mechanism that triggers the opening of the closing device under the condition that the compression device is in operation. The control device 240 further comprises advantageously a control mechanism that triggers a shutdown of the compression or drive device under the condition that the compression device 150 has been operating for a specified duration and/or no more fastening process has taken place for a specified duration. Under some circumstances, energy can be saved in this way. In an especially preferred way, the compression device 150 remains in operation between shortly following fastening processes, in particular, at a desired rotational speed, so that fastening processes are possible in quick progression, because the compression device 150 does not have to be started up for each fastening process. [0055] The reaction chamber 20 has an initialization device 260 arranged in the reaction chamber 20 for the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber 20, wherein the initialization device 260 is connected to the control device 240. The control device 240 advantageously comprises a control mechanism that triggers the initialization of a reaction in the 11 reaction chamber 20 by means of the initialization device 260 under the condition that the closing device 250 is closed. [0056] The initialization device 260 advantageously comprises an ignition device, such as, for example, a spark plug, by means of which an ignition spark can be generated, in particular, for the ignition of a combustion reaction in the reaction chamber 20. [0057] The device 10 further comprises position-determination means 270 for determining the position of the energy-transmission element 30, wherein the position-determination means 270 are connected to the control device 240. The control device 240 advantageously comprises a control mechanism that triggers the opening of the closing device 250 or the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber 20 by means of the initialization device 260 under the condition that the energy-transmission element 30 is positioned in a starting position. [0058] The position-determination means advantageously comprise a sensor, in particular, a motion sensor that detects the position of the energy-transmission element 30 electromagnetically, optically, and/or mechanically. In particular, it is sufficient if the position determination means detect whether the energy-transmission element 30 is located in a predetermined position. The predetermined position is advantageously a starting position in which the energy-transmission element 30 and thus also the energy-receiving face 50 are arranged as far as possible to the right in Figure 1, so that the reaction chamber is as small as possible. Advantageously, a reaction in the reaction chamber is initialized when the energy transmission element 30 is located in the starting position. [0059] The device 10 further comprises state-determination means 280 for determining a state variable in the reaction chamber 20, wherein the state-determination means 280 comprise, for example, a pressure sensor and are connected to the control device 240. The control device 240 advantageously comprises a control mechanism that triggers an opening or closing of the closing device 250 or the initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber 20 by means of the initialization device 260 under the condition that a state variable in the reaction chamber 20 reaches or exceeds or falls below a specified value. The state variable advantageously involves the pressure, the volume, the mass, the density, and/or the temperature of a gas located in the reaction chamber 20.

12 [0060] Identifying the state variable advantageously reduces variation in a quantity of one or more reagents available for a reaction in the reaction chamber 20 and thus also reduces variation in the energy released during the reaction and thus also transmitted to a fastener. The control device 240 closes the closing device 250 when a predetermined pressure is reached in the reaction chamber 20. [0061] In the case of not-shown embodiments, the control device closes the closing device after a predetermined charge time or after the completion of a predetermined number of rotations of the compression device and/or the drive device. With reference to the predetermined charge time or number of rotations, a predetermined quantity of one or more reagents is likewise fed into the reaction chamber. [0062] The connection of the control device 240 to the closing device 250, the compression device 150, the drive device 170, the initialization device 260, the position-determination means 270, and/or the state-determination means 280 advantageously comprises a signal and/or power line, such as, for example, a single-wire or multi-wire cable. The control mechanism or mechanisms comprise, in particular, a program that is stored in the control device 240. [0063] Preferably, the control mechanism or mechanisms produce a sequential control in which the closing device 250 closes the first supply channel 110 in a normal state, for example, when the device 10 is tumed on. After being turned on, the drive device 170 is tumed on, so that the compression device 150 is put in operation. As soon as the drive device 170 and/or the compression device 150 has reached a predetermined operating state, such as, for example, a nominal rotational speed, a control mechanism of the control device 240 opens the closing device 250, so that the compression device 150 feeds and, in particular, compresses the first reagent in the reaction chamber 20. [0064] With the help of the dosing device 210, the second reagent is furthermore likewise dosed into the reaction chamber 20 after the drive device 170 and/or the compression device 150 has reached a predetermined operating state, in particular, the same operating state that is used as a condition for opening the closing device 250. Under some circumstances, in this way, the time between the dosing of the second reagent and an initialization of a reaction in the reaction chamber 20 can be shortened.

13 (0065] After reaching a predetermined value of a state variable within the reaction chamber 20, preferably a predetermined pressure, a control mechanism of the control device 240 closes the closing device 250, so that the compression device 150 is better protected under some circumstances from pressure waves and the like during a subsequent reaction in the reaction chamber 20. Reaching the predetermined value of the state variable in the reaction chamber 20 is detected by the state-determination means 280 and a corresponding signal is forwarded to the control device 240. [0066] According to not-shown embodiments, the device has two or more than two control devices wherein each satisfies one or more of the described control tasks. Preferably, the two or more control devices are connected to each other, in order to communicate with each other. [0067] The energy released by the reaction in the reaction chamber 20 is absorbed at least partially by means of the energy-receiving face 50 from the energy-transmission element 30 and is transmitted via the energy-discharge face to a fastener, after which the energy-transmission element 30 has moved toward the left in Figure 1. The product or products, such as, for example, exhaust gases, produced during the reaction in the reaction chamber 20 and also in the expansion chamber 25 leave the expansion chamber 25 outward via a not-shown exhaust opening when the energy-transmission element 30 has moved toward the left in Figure 1. The products remaining in the reaction chamber 20 and the expansion chamber 25 contract due to cooling taking place after the end of the reaction and draw the energy-transmission element 30 back into its starting position that is shown in Figure 1. [0068] It is advantageous when the compression device 150 does not feed the first reagent into the reaction chamber 20 during this so-called thermal retraction of the energy-transmission element 30. Advantageously, a control mechanism of the control device 240 opens the closing device 250 only after reaching the starting position of the energy-transmission element 30. Reaching the starting position by the energy-transmission element 30 is detected by the position-determination means 270 and a corresponding signal is transmitted to the control device 240. [0069] A preferred embodiment comprises a second supply channel for feeding a second reagent to the reaction chamber. In an especially preferred way, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the closing device viewed in the direction of flow 14 of the first reagent. According to another especially preferred embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel downstream of the closing device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. [0070] According to a not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel. Preferably, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the closing device viewed in the flow of direction of the first reagent. According to another not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the closing device that then comprises, in particular, a three-way valve whose two inputs are connected to the compression device and to the second supply channel, while the output of the three-way valve is connected to the reaction chamber. According to another not-shown embodiment, the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel downstream of the closing device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. [0071] The device 10 shown in Figure 1 furthermore has a trigger switch 290 for, in particular, manual triggering of a fastening process, wherein this switch is connected to the control device 240. The trigger switch 290 preferably comprises a pull that can be activated, for example, with an index finger, while the device 10 is held with one or two hands and is pressed, in particular, onto the backing 90. [0072] In addition, the device 10 has, in particular, an electrical energy storage device 300 that is constructed, for example, as a rechargeable battery or accumulator, in particular, and is connected to the control device 240, the compression device 150, the drive device 170, the dosing device 210, and/or the closing device 250 for their energy supply. [0073] The functioning of the described device concerns the idea of making available the largest possible quantity of reagents before a reaction in the reaction chamber. In the case of gaseous and/or fluid reagents, at the beginning and/or during the reaction the highest possible pressure should prevail in the reaction chamber. Charging the reaction chamber long before the beginning of the reaction is not advantageous under some circumstances, because a portion of the reagents could be lost due to leaks and the like or the pressure could drop. Furthermore, the charging should take place as quickly as possible, in order to guarantee the highest possible repetition rate of the fastening processes. The described device here allows a high volume flow for, in particular, a gaseous reagent.

15 [0074] In Figure 2, another device 310 for transmitting energy to a fastener, for example, a nail, pin, bolt, or the like is shown schematically. Compared to the device 10 shown in Figure 1, the device 310 also has a turbulence generator that is arranged in the reaction chamber 20 and that comprises, in the shown embodiment, a fan wheel 320 and also a rotating shaft 330, wherein the fan wheel 320 is connected locked in rotation, in particular, rigidly to the rotating shaft 330, in particular, it is fixed on the rotating shaft 330. The turbulence generator is used for generating turbulence within the reaction chamber 20, wherein, under some circumstances, the turbulence accelerates the rate of the reaction within the reaction chamber 20 and thus increases the energy that can be transmitted to a fastener. [0075] Preferably, the rotating shaft 330 is oriented essentially in the fastening direction and/or in the direction of an axis of symmetry of the expansion chamber 25, so that mechanical loads of axle bearings and the like due to recoil occurring during a fastening process under some circumstances and/or other acceleration forces, such as, for example, gyrostatic moments, are reduced. In an especially preferred way, the rotating shaft 330 is arranged coaxial on the rotational axis of the rotor of the compression device 150 and/or on the rotational axis of the drive device 170. [0076] In the case of a not-shown embodiment, the turbulence generator comprises a plate that passes through the reaction chamber 20 and has one or more openings, wherein the reagent or reagents and also a reaction front can pass through these openings and in this way can generate turbulence. In the case of another not-shown embodiment, the turbulence generator comprises a plate that moves within the reaction chamber 20 and moves through the reaction chamber 20 during the reaction and in this way generates turbulence. [0077] In Figure 3, a compression device 410 for compressing a fluid is shown in a cross sectional view, wherein the fluid is, in particular, a gas and/or a liquid. Preferably, the compression device 410 is used for compressing the first reagent into the device 10 according to Figure 1 or into the device 310 according to Figure 2. [0078] The compression device 410 has a rotor 420 having a rotational axis 430 and a stator 440. The rotor comprises a cylindrical outer wall 425 and also several vanes 435, 436, 437 that are arranged in radially shifted receptacles of the rotor not shown in detail, wherein, in the receptacles there are likewise not-shown spring elements that press the vanes 435, 436, 437 16 radially outward, so that the vanes are pressed at all times against the inner wall 450 of the stator 440. Thus, a gap between the inner wall 450 and the outer wall 425 is divided at all times into several pump chambers 490, 500, 510. [0079] The stator 440 comprises a cylindrical inner wall 450 within which the rotor 420 is arranged eccentrically and so that it can rotate such that the inner wall 450 is opposite the outer wall 425 and touches or at least comes very close to a contact point 480. Due to the symmetrical outer shape of the rotor 420, the contact point 480 remains at the same location at all times. Furthermore, the compression device has an inlet 460 and an outlet 470. [0080] In a first operating mode of the compression device 410, the rotor 420 rotates in the clockwise direction around the rotational axis 430 of the rotor, so that the pump chambers 490, 500, 510 rotate along the inner wall 450 in the clockwise direction. Starting from the inlet 460, the pump chambers 490, 500, 510 here initially increase in size, so that a low pressure is produced at the inlet 460, after which the pump chambers 490, 500, 510 become smaller again toward the outlet 470, so that a high pressure is produced at the outlet 470. Independent of the load, that is, independent of whether fluid is actually being fed, the compression device 410 performs mechanical work and therefore draws power. [0081] In Figure 4 and Figure 5, each shows a longitudinal section of the compression device 410 according to IV in Figure 3. The receptacle 520 allocated to the vane 436 is shown with the spring 530 arranged therein, wherein this spring presses the vane 436 against the inner wall 450 of the stator 440. The stator comprises a cylindrical shell 540 as well as a drive-side cover 550 and a closing cover 560, wherein the drive-side cover 550 has a sealed axis passage 570 for the rotational axis 430 of the rotor. [0082] Figure 4 shows the compression device 410 in the first operating mode and Figure 5 shows it in a second operating mode. For switching from the first operating mode into the second operating mode, the rotor 420 with its rotational axis 430 and the covers 550, 560 of the stator can be disengaged relative to the cylindrical shell in the axial direction, that is, along the rotational axis 430 of the rotor. In the second operating mode shown in Figure 5, the axial disengagement produces a pressure-compensating opening between the closing cover 560 and the cylindrical shell 540, so that the fluid is no longer compressed in the pump chambers 490, 500, 510 despite rotation of the rotor, and is expanded, and the compression device 410 17 performs less mechanical work than in the first operating mode. Preferably, in the second operating mode, the compression device 410 draws no significant power at all. Through the operation of the compression device 410 in the second operating mode, the energy consumption of the compression device can be reduced without turning off the compression device. [0083] According to a not-shown embodiment, for switching from the first operating mode to the second operating mode, the closing cover is lifted from the cylindrical shell, so that a pressure-compensating opening is created between the closing cover and the cylindrical shell. Here, the rotor with its rotational axis, the drive-side cover, and the cylindrical shell of the shell can be disengaged relative to the closing cover in the axial direction. [0084] In Figure 6, a compression device 610 is shown for compressing a fluid in a second operating mode, wherein the fluid is, in particular, a gas and/or a liquid. Preferably, the compression device 610 is used for compressing the first reagent into the device 10 according to Figure 1 or into the device 310 according to Figure 2. [0085] The compression device 610 works in a first operating mode, such as the compression device 410 according to Figure 3, and has a rotor 620 having a rotational axis 630 and a stator 640. The rotor comprises a cylindrical outer wall 625 and also several vanes 635, 636, 637 that divide a gap between the inner wall 650 and the outer wall 625 into several pump chambers 690, 700, 710 at all times. The stator 640 comprises a cylindrical inner wall 650 within which the rotor 620 is arranged eccentrically and so that it can rotate such that the inner wall 650 is opposite the outer wall 625 and contacts or at least comes very close to a contact point. Furthermore, the compression device 610 has an inlet 660 and an outlet 670. [0086] For switching from the first operating mode into the second operating mode shown in Figure 6, the rotor 620 with its rotational axis 630 and the vanes 635, 636, 637 can be disengaged relative to the stator in the radial direction, that is, perpendicular to the rotational axis 630 of the rotor, such that the eccentricity of the arrangement of the rotor 620 in the stator 640 is lifted. In this way, the size of the pump chambers 690, 700, 710 remains constant during the rotation, so that the fluid is no longer compressed in the pump chambers 690, 700, 710 despite rotation of the rotor, and is expanded, and the compression device 610 performs no more mechanical work. By operating the compression device 610 in the second operating 18 mode, the energy consumption of the compression device can be reduced without turning off the compression device. [0087] According to a not-shown embodiment, for switching from the first operating mode into the second operating mode, the vanes are held in their receptacles so that the gap between the outer wall of the rotor and the inner wall of the stator is no longer divided into pump chambers. In this way, a compression and expansion of the fluid is also avoided, so that the compression device performs no more mechanical work. [0088) The compression device is thus suitable, in particular, for use in the device 10 according to Figure 1 or Figure 2, if the compression device is not to be turned off between shortly following fastening processes, in order to allow fastening processes in quick progression. [0089] Furthermore, a desired rotational speed of the compression device can be reached more quickly for a change in rotational speed, especially a startup process, if the compression device switches into the second operating mode, where it performs less mechanical work and thus more energy is available for rotational acceleration. An alternative or additional possibility for saving energy consists of reducing a rotational speed of the compression device in the second operating mode or another operating mode relative to the first operating mode. [0090] The invention was described with reference to examples of a device for transmitting energy to a fastener. The features of the described embodiments can also be combined here with each other in arbitrary ways within a single energy transmission device. It is noted that the device according to the invention is also suitable for other purposes.

Claims

1. A device for transmitting energy to a fastener, with a reaction chamber, energy transmission means for transmitting energy released in the reaction chamber to a fastener, a first supply channel opening into the reaction chamber for feeding a first reagent to the reaction chamber, wherein the first supply channel comprises a compression device for compressing the first reagent into the reaction chamber, and wherein the compression device comprises a rotor having a rotational axis and a compression element arranged locked in rotation on the rotor for compressing the first reagent.

2. A device according to Claim 1, wherein the energy-transmission means comprise an energy-transmission element that can move in a fastening direction and having, in particular, an axis of symmetry oriented in the fastening direction with an energy-receiving face adjacent to the reaction chamber and an energy-discharge face.

3. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a rotary drive having a rotational axis for the rotor.

4. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotational axis of the rotor and/or the rotational axis of the drive is oriented essentially in the fastening direction and coincides, in particular, essentially with the axis of symmetry of the energy-transmission element.

5. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a second supply channel for feeding a second reagent to the reaction chamber.

6. A device according to Claim 5, wherein the second supply channel opens into the reaction chamber.

7. A device according to Claim 5, wherein the second supply channels opens into the first supply channel.

8. A device according to Claim 7, wherein the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel upstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent. 20

9. A device according to Claim 7, wherein the second supply channel opens into the compression device.

10. A device according to Claim 7, wherein the second supply channel opens into the first supply channel downstream of the compression device viewed in the direction of flow of the first reagent.

11. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first supply channel and/or the second supply channel has an inlet opening for surrounding air.

12. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising a receptacle for a reagent reservoir adjacent to the first supply channel and/or to the second supply channel.

13. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first supply channel comprises a closing device for a time-wise closing of the first supply channel.

14. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the compression element is arranged on the rotor so that it can move in the radial direction.

15. A device according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the device comprises a control device for controlling the compression device, the drive device, and/or the closing device.

16. A device for transmitting energy to a fastener, substantially as herein described with reference to any one of the embodiments of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings and/or examples.