LIQUID DISPENSING SYSTEM 5 [0001] This invention relates to a liquid dispensing system, including a liquid container and a pump for pumping the liquid from the container. [0002] Preferred embodiments of the invention provide a liquid dispensing system in which the container is any container from the vast majority of current portable 10 gas (fuel) containers, including petrol/diesel containers, on the market wherein there is provided an improved method of transferring liquid gas into a receptacle, which may have a limited or small opening to receive the liquid. [0003] Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide a system for 15 transferring liquids to a destination. [0004] More particularly, preferred embodiments of the invention provide a system for transferring fuel from a container of the system to a destination. 20 [00051 Conventional containers for storing fuel and the like have been known for many years. Typically, these fuel containers have a closeable mouth for permitting the 1 WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 ingress of fuel, or whatever liquid, into the container, and for permitting subsequent egress of the fuel, or other liquid, from the container. The mouth is closeable by means of a cap that might be either a one piece cap or a two piece cap. Commonly, two piece caps comprise a collar that is also used to retain the removable and replaceable spout in place on the fuel can for dispensing fuel. In order to pour out the liquid from the container, the cap is merely removed from the mouth, and the container is tilted until the mouth is lower than the level of the liquid. Commonly, an air relief opening having its own selectively removable and replaceable cap permits ready airflow into the interior of the container. New environmental regulations are restricting these containers to only one opening. [0006] Containers for storing liquids for transfer are used in many different applications such as for gasoline or other liquid fuels. The containers are filled up with liquid, such as gas, until they are required for use, at which time the liquid must be transferred. When the transfer for use is required, often a pouring nozzle is attached to the opening and the liquid is poured into a receiving receptacle using a funnel seated at the receptacle opening. Sometimes, due to the urgency or simply the lack of materials on hand, no funnel is available to the user, and the liquid is prone to spillage outside of the receiving receptacle. Even with a funnel, the pouring process can be difficult if the funnel is not properly seated. As well, the container, while filled with fluid, has to be lifted by the person pouring. Pouring liquids from these transfer/storage containers can be both awkward and strenuous. -2- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 [0007] Several attempts have been made in the past to overcome this awkwardness and strenuousness by introducing devices for or with transfer cans to facilitate the transfer from the container to receptacle using conduit delivery means. [0008] Portable fuel containers have been around for a long time and are necessary for transporting and transferring fuel to numerous vehicles and devices such as lawnmowers, snowmobiles, boats, chainsaws, weed trimmers etc. and transferring the fuel between the portable fuel container and the gas tank of these items is typically done by lifting the container and pouring the fuel into the gas tank. [0009] There have been many attempts at providing an alternate means of transferring fuel from one container to another and it has typically involved a pumping apparatus. Previous solutions and current products on the market have predominantly incorporated a manual pump onto a container so as to be usable in remote areas and these pumps have typically been hand pumps where these pumps move small volumes of liquid, which can be easily managed by the hand or arm. These systems are slow tedious processes because these pumps only move small amounts of fluid with every pump stroke by squeezing or turning of the handle, which in turn requires upper body muscular strength and for the operator to be reasonably physical fit to pump large quantities of liquids. An additional, shortcoming in these type of pumps are that hand pumps are inherently awkward and promote an uncomfortable posture and position when pumping from low-lying containers. [00010] One pumping device is disclosed in United States Patent 6,412, 528 issued on July 2, 2002 to Alex et al for an invention entitled Siphoning Pump Apparatus. The -3- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 patent teaches the use of a bellows pump, which is operatively, connected to the portable container with a siphon hose. Upon pumping the liquid can be siphoned from the portable container to the receptacle. This device uses standard siphoning principles for transfer, meaning that the portable container must be elevated above the receptacle for liquid transfer to occur and this relative positioning of the portable container to the receptacle is awkward and not always easily achievable. [00011] Another such device is disclosed in United States Patent 4,834,269 issued on May 30, 1989 to Cone for an invention entitled Liquid Container. This invention teaches the forming of a dispensing outlet uniquely located near the base of the container with a dispensing hose mountable to the container at the opening. Liquid is dispensed from the container through the hose by tilting the container. The location of the dispensing outlet permits the achievement of dispensation by only a slight tilting, but this is an extra physical act which also can be awkward for the user. [00012] United States Patent 5,598,955, issued February 4, 1997, to Reilley, discloses a Gasoline Dispensing Container with Safety Feature. This container has a main body and a flexible portion having accordion like folds, angled at one side of the main body. When pressure is applied to that portion of the side of the body adjacent the accordion like folds, pressure within the container increases, and liquid is pumped from the container through a flexible hose. This patent teaches a Gasoline Dispensing Container which is laid over on its side and is designed to be stepped or pressed on. The main disadvantage of this dispensing container is the limited amount of pumping pressure that can be generated. Pressure equals force divided by area where in the force in this container is provided by a persons body weight and the area is the cross sectional -4area of the container. The larger the container the lower the pressure and the lower the pressure the slower the pumping system will become. A Gasoline Dispensing Container such as this produced in the sizes of a typical fuel container would not provide the adequate flow rate to make transferring fuel convenient or useful in this 5 application. [00013] There is a pumping apparatus product currently available on the market, which utilizes a bellows style air foot pump that is sold to be installed on the majority of existing portable fuel container and works by pumping air into the gas 10 container, pressurizing the gas container in order to move the fuel out. The main disadvantage to this design is that portable fuel containers were not designed for this type of pressurization and this product presents the possibility of over pressurizing the fuel container, which may create a potentially explosive situation. 15 [00014] The disadvantages of the prior art discussed above is that they require a particular placement, promote an awkward disposition or are ineffective and difficult to use. (00015] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a pump means 20 transfers liquid between containers that can be used with or incorporated into a transfer/storage container which is simple and effective to use. [00016] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a pump means transfers liquid between containers that can be used in conjunction with many of the 25 standard liquid storage/transfer containers presently available on the market. 5 [00017] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a pump means transfers liquid between containers that can be used without having to dispose the transfer/storage container above the receptacle to achieve transfer. 5 [00018) In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a liquid transfer/storage container with a pump means provides for the easy and effective transfer of liquid therefrom without the user experiencing any awkwardness or having to dispose the container at a height above the receptacle into which the liquid is being 10 transferred. [00018A] In preferred embodiments of the present invention, a foot pump takes advantage of the operator's potential energy (body weight) and makes use of the body's strongest muscles (the leg muscles) in order to operate a pump system. 15 [00019] Preferred embodiments of the present invention comprise a nozzle that allows for a spout to be removed and exchanged with different types of spouts. [00020] Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide for a 20 comfortable safe upright ergonomic pumping position while pumping and operating the system. [00021] Preferred embodiments of the present invention include a large pump that pumps large volumes of liquid and increases liquid transfer rate with minimal 25 effort. 6 C:URopo OCCFLU6336t5_I.DOC-1W 5laG I [00022] Preferred embodiments of the present invention provide for a comfortable safe upright ergonomic pumping position while pumping and operating the system. 5 [00023] Preferred embodiments of the present invention conform to environmental regulation on portable fuel containers which require the reduction of vapour emissions and spilling during storage and dispensing. A nozzle with an interchangeable spout allows for easy customization and upgrading with various safety 10 spouts in order to meet these present and new standards. [00024] Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not rely on siphoning. 15 [00025] Preferred embodiments of the present invention do not rely on maintaining an increased internal air pressure in order to dispense liquid. [00026] Preferred embodiments of the present invention can be used to dispense various types of liquids. 20 [00026A] The invention provides a liquid dispensing system comprising: a portable container for storing and transferring liquid, said container having an opening for dispensing liquid; a manually operable foot pump having an inlet opening for receiving liquid from said container into the foot pump and an outlet opening for 25 dispensing liquid out of the foot pump, and having a seating surface for engaging a 7 substantially horizontal supporting surface during pumping; a coupling means for mounting the foot pump onto the container adjacent the opening of the container, such that said container and the seating surface together form a stable base engageable on the supporting surface, and wherein during pumping the container and seating surface 5 are together supported by said supporting surface; and a flexible delivery tube means having a flexible delivery tube with an inlet end and an outlet end, the delivery tube at its inlet end being mountable to the foot pump to receive liquid from the foot pump as liquid is being transferred from the container to permit transfer of the liquid through the delivery tube to the outlet end for dispensing, wherein said container has a top end 10 and a bottom end, and the opening of said container is disposed adjacent said top end, and wherein, in use, said container is rotated about a horizontal axis such that said seating surface engages said supporting surface and the opening is adjacent said supporting surface. 15 (00027] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid delivery system comprising a liquid container, a pump means comprising a manually operable pump for pumping liquid and formed with a pump chamber through which liquid is pumped by the pump, there being an inlet opening for receiving liquid into the pump chamber and an outlet opening for dispensing liquid out of the pump 20 chamber when liquid is pumped through the chamber using the pump; a coupling means for mounting the pump means to the opening of the liquid container to permit the gravitational flow of liquid into the pump chamber through the inlet opening when the mounted pump means is placed on a surface and the pump pumped. 8 [00028] A preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a liquid delivery system comprising a pump means and a container for storing and transferring liquid, the pump means comprising a manually-operable pump for pumping liquid and formed with a pump chamber through which liquid is pumped by the pump, there 5 being an inlet opening for receiving liquid into the chamber and an outlet opening for dispensing liquid out of the chamber when liquid is pumped through the chamber using the pump; the container having a dispenser opening for dispensing liquid and a liquid chamber for housing liquid; there being a coupling means for mounting the pump means to the liquid container at the dispenser opening to fluidly connect the 10 pump chamber of the pump means to the liquid chamber of the liquid container to permit the gravitational flow of liquid from the container into the pump through the inlet opening of the pump when the pump means is mounted to the container, placed on a surface and the pump pumped. 15 [00029] According to one example, there is provided a liquid delivery system comprising a pump means and a container formed with the pump means for storing and transferring liquid, the pump means comprising a manually-operable pump for pumping liquid and formed with a pump chamber through which liquid is pumped by the pump, there being an inlet opening for receiving liquid into the pump chamber and 20 an outlet opening for dispensing liquid out of the chamber when liquid is pumped through the pump chamber using the pump; the container having a dispenser opening for dispensing liquid and a liquid chamber for housing liquid; the pump means being integrally mounted to the liquid container at the dispenser opening to fluidly connect the pump chamber of the pump means to the liquid chamber of the liquid container to 25 permit the gravitational flow of liquid from the container into the pump through the 9 inlet opening of the pump when the pump means is mounted to the container, placed on ground level and the pump pumped. Preferably, the system is further provided with a liquid flow control nozzle operatively connectible to the pump with a conduit hose mounted to the pump at the outlet opening to receive liquid pumped through the pump 5 chamber by the pump. [00030} In accordance with an example, there is provided a liquid dispensing system including a liquid container having a top end and a bottom end, and having a first opening for liquids to pass therethrough, The first opening is disposed adjacent 10 the top end of the liquid container. A manually operable pump means is operatively connectable in removable and replaceable relation to the liquid container, so as to be in liquid receiving relation to the first opening of the liquid container. The manually operable pump means is positioned to contact a substantially horizontal supporting surface when the liquid container is rotated about a horizontal axis such that the first 15 opening is adjacent the substantially horizontal supporting surface, to thereby permit the substantially horizontal supporting surface to support the manually operable pump means during pumping. A flexible hose is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the pump means. 20 (00031] In accordance with an example, there is provided a liquid dispensing system including a liquid container having a top end and a bottom end, and having a first opening for liquids to pass therethrough. The first opening is disposed adjacent the bottom end of the container. A manually operable pump means is operatively connectable in removable and replaceable relation to the liquid container, so as to be 10 C:\RNrellDCQB.[., 36B I. 'OC-0052" in liquid receiving relation to the first opening of the liquid container. A flexible hose is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the pump means. [00032] In accordance with an example, there is provided a liquid dispensing 5 system comprising a liquid container having a primary reservoir and a secondary reservoir. A throughpassage interconnects the primary reservoir and the secondary reservoir in fluid communication one with the other. A first opening in the secondary reservoir is for the ingress of liquid into and the egress of liquid from the liquid container, The secondary reservoir includes a manually manipulable flexible portion 10 that acts as a manually operable pump means for causing the egress of liquid from the container through the first opening. [00033] In accordance with an example, there is provided a dispensing nozzle for use in a liquid dispensing system. The dispensing nozzle comprises a main body 15 having a coupling means for receiving a spout in removable and replaceable relation thereon. A spout is removably mounted on the main body via the coupling means. The spout is operatively connectable in fluid communication to a flexible hose for receiving liquid therefrom. 20 [00034] In accordance with an example, there is provided a liquid dispensing system comprising a liquid container having a top end and a bottom end, and a first opening for liquids to pass therethrough. A foot operable pump means is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the first opening of the liquid container. A flexible hose is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the foot operable 25 pump means. I1 [00035] In accordance with an example, there is provided a pump system for use in dispensing liquid from a liquid container having first opening for liquids to pass therethrough. The pump system comprises a manually operable pump means, and a 5 coupling means for operatively connecting the manually operable pump means in removable and replaceable relation to the liquid container, so as to be in liquid receiving relation to the first opening of the liquid container. There is also an outlet for dispensing liquid pumped by the manually operable pump means 10 [00035A] Also disclosed herein is an integrated container and a pump apparatus integrally molded into the container itself, which provides an improved container for transporting an conveying fluid. [00036] Advantages, features and characteristics of the present invention, as 15 well as methods of operation and functions of the related elements of the structure, and the combination of parts and economies of manufacture, will become more apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description and the appended claims with reference to the accompanying drawings, the latter of which is briefly described herein below. 20 [00037] It is expressly understood, however, that the drawings are for the purpose of illustration and description only, and are not intended as a definition of the limits of the invention. In the accompanying drawings: 12 (00038] Figure 1 is a perspective view of a standard liquid container in an upright position ready to be transported or convey a liquid, such as a fuel; 5 [00039] Figure 2 is a perspective view of a liquid dispensing system, comprising a standard liquid container (shown upright) and a pump apparatus, according to an embodiment of the present invention, the system further comprising a flexible hose and a liquid flow control nozzle; 12A WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 [00040] Figure 3 is a exploded perspective view of the pump apparatus shown in Figure 2 showing the components used to connect the pump apparatus to a standard gas container; [00041] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the pump apparatus shown in Figure 2 including an illustration of the coupling ring which is used to enable the pump to be compatible and connect to a standard fuel container; [00042] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the pump apparatus mounted to a container of Figure 2 with the pump apparatus being disposed in the pumping position; [00043] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the pump apparatus and container of Figure 2 in the pumping position showing a liquid flow control nozzle connected to the pump via a flexible conduit hose; [00044] Figure 7 is a perspective view of another embodiment of the pump apparatus having a rectangular shaped pump with hinged bellows connected to a standard liquid container; [00045] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 7 mounted to a standard liquid container and disposed in the pumping position; [00046] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 7 mounted to a standard liquid container and disposed in the pumping position; -13 - [00047] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the embodiment of Figure 7 mounted to a standard liquid container and showing a liquid flow control nozzle connected to the pump by a flexible conduit hose; 5 [000483 Figure 11 is a perspective view of an assembled liquid flow control nozzle to be used in a preferred embodiment of this invention; [00049] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the liquid flow control nozzle of Figure 11 with the detachable spout detached; 10 [00050] Figure 12A is a perspective view of the liquid flow control nozzle modified to include an auto closure spout, shown therein in the closed position; [00051] Figure 12B is a perspective view of the liquid flow control nozzle with 15 the auto closure spout as in 12A sectioned to show components and structure in the closed position; [00052] Figure 12C is a perspective view of the liquid flow control nozzle with the auto closure spout of Figure 12A and 12B sectioned to show components and 20 structure in the open position; [00053] Figure 12D is a perspective view of the liquid flow control nozzle with the auto closure spout in the closed position before insertion into the opening of the liquid container for dispensing; 25 14 [00054] Figure 12E is a perspective sectioned view of the liquid flow control nozzle, auto closure spout and container, showing the spout, while still in the closed position, being inserted and mounted for opening on the container opening rim; 5 [000551 Figure 12F is a perspective sectioned view similar to Figure 12E except that the auto closure spout is shown pressed into the open position to permit dispensing of liquid; [000561 Figure 13 is a sectioned view of the liquid flow control nozzle of 10 Figure 11 showing the internal components; [00057] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the internal components of the liquid flow control nozzle of Figure 11 in the on position; 15 [00058) Figure 15 is a perspective view of the internal components of the liquid flow control nozzle of Figure 11 in the off position, pinching the flexible conduit hose; [00059] Figure 15A is a side elevational view of a dispensing nozzle used in a liquid dispensing system according to a preferred embodiment of the present 20 invention, specifically showing a check valve in the spout; [00060] Figure 15B is a side elevational view of a dispensing nozzle used in the liquid dispensing system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, specifically showing the dispensing nozzle being removable and replaceable 25 onto the flexible hose; 15 [00061] Figure 16 is a perspective view of another example of a liquid dispensing system, with a conventional container spout in place thereon, ready to pour liquid therefrom; 5 [00062] Figure 17 is a side elevational view of the liquid dispensing system of Figure 16, with the dispensing spout having been removed and a flexible hose and dispensing nozzle connected in its place; 10 [00063] Figure 18 is an enlarged perspective view of the liquid dispensing system of Figure 17, additionally showing the pump core outside the pump, for ease of reference; [00064] Figure 19 is a cross-sectional side elevational view of the liquid 15 dispensing system of Figure 16; [00065] Figure 20 is an enlarged perspective view of the pump core shown in Figure 18; 20 [00066] Figure 21 is a perspective view from the opposite end of the pump core of Figure 20; [00067) Figure 21A is a side elevational view of an alternative preferred embodiment of the dispensing nozzle, specifically showing an auto-closure nozzle; 25 16 CNPon~blCCi-I\6J88.DcDDmrU I [00068] Figure 21B is a perspective view of another embodiment of the liquid dispensing system according to the present invention; and, [00069] Figure 21C is a perspective view of an alternative embodiment of the 5 pump used in liquid dispensing system; and [00070] Figure 22 is a perspective view of a liquid dispensing system of a perspective view of the Jntegrated Container in the pumping position showing the round bellows style pump, a liquid flow control nozzle connected to the pump via a 10 flexible hose. [00071] Referring to the drawings, the separate pump apparatus shown in Figures 1 to 15 is designed to be compatible with the vast majority of gas containers presently on the market. After the container screw cap 3 and container spout 4 are 15 removed from the container 1, the pump apparatus including the pump 15 is mounted onto to the container 1, utilizing the container's screw cap 3. The fuel conduit hose 14, which communicates with the liquid flow control nozzle 13 is connected to the pump 15 by utilizing a barbed hose end connector 18 at the outlet opening of the pump 15. If required, the container spout 4, previously removed from the container 1, 20 is screwed on to the spout coupler 30 of the liquid flow control nozzle 13. This is shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 12. 17 WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 [00072] A coupling means attaches the pump apparatus to the container. In the embodiment illustrated, the coupling means includes a universal coupling ring 22 for connecting the pump 15 to the container 1. The universal coupling ring 22 allows the user to connect the pump 15 to a variety of different sized container openings 23, as shown in Figure 3. The barbed inlet end 19 of the pump 15 is connected to the fuel feed hose 21, which passes through the container screw cap 3, through the universal coupling ring 22 and into the container opening 23, as shown in Figures 3 and 4. The universal coupling ring 22 has internal threads 42 which compliment the pump threads 25 for threaded securement, sandwiching the gasket 20 between the coupling ring 22 and the pump 15 to create an airtight seal. The container screw cap 3 is then screwed onto the container threaded outlet 23 tightly securing the coupling ring 22 to in turn secure the pump 15 to the container 1, as shown in figures 1, 3 and 4. The fuel feed hose 21 has two ends. The first end is connected to the barbed inlet member 19 of the pump 15 and the second end is designed to extend downwardly into the container 1 to rest preferably at the lowest position of elevation, at 10, of the container 1 when the container is in the pumping or fuel transferring disposition as shown in Figures 5, 6, 8, 9 and 10. [00073] Further to having the pump apparatus formed separately from the container, it can also be incorporated integrally into the structure of a container. As shown in the Figures 16, 17, 18 and 19 , there is an integrated container-pump consisting of a container li and pump 15i molded as a unit. The integrated container-pump has a container li that is designed, in this preferred embodiment, to function as a traditional gas container with a container spout 4 attached by a container screw cap 3i, or, alternatively the container spout 4 can be removed and replaced by pump core 54, -18- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 which allows the liquid flow control nozzle 13 to be connected to the pump 15i using the fuel conduit hose 14. The original container spout 4, when already removed from the container li, optionally is screwed on to the spout coupler 30 of the liquid flow control nozzle. [00074] The two embodiments as shown in Figures 23 and 24 allow a user to pump gas from container 1 or li into a receiving container in a controlled, convenient, safe and spill-free manner. To dispense the liquid from the chamber of the container 1 or li respectively, pumps 15 and 15i are angled forwardly as shown in Figures 5, 6 and 22 until the pump leg 24 and 24i seats on the ground or other surface. To commence pumping liquid through the pump chamber of the pump 15 from the chamber of the container 1 through to the nozzle via the fuel conduit hose 14, the operator presses down on pump top, 26 or 26i as the case may be, with his foot while simultaneously squeezing the nozzle control arm 33 upwardly toward the upper nozzle body 43. The nozzle control arm 33 in turns allows liquid to flow through the fuel hose pinch portion 35, through the nozzle spout 4 and into a receiving container, an arrangement as shown in Figures 6 and 22. [00075] The embodiments shown in Figures 23 and 24 advantageously include three check valves. The first check valve is an air check valve, 57 in figure 4 and 53 in Figure 21, the second check valve in the pumping check valve 56 in Figure 3 and 52 in Figure 20; and the third check valve is, in the one arrangement, incorporated in the spout coupler 30 of the liquid flow control nozzle 13 as shown in Figure 12. -19- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 [00076] The universal coupling ring 22 of the pump 15 has incorporated within its structure an air check valve 57, thereby, in use, only allowing air to flow into the container 1. This, during operation of the pump, permits the pressure within the container 1 to equalize. [00077] The pumping check valve 56, if formed on the pump 15, can advantageously be positioned at either end of the fuel hose 21 or in the opening of the barbed inlet member 19. The pumping check valve 56 regulates the fluid flow so that liquid only flows in one direction, namely from the chamber of the container 1 into the pump chamber of the pump 15. When the pump top 26 is foot pumped by the user, the pumping check valve 56 closes to prevent liquid in pump 15 from back-flowing to the chamber of the container 1. The force of stepping on the pump top 26, during use, forces the liquid into the nozzle hose 14 and through the liquid flow control nozzle 13. When pumping pressure on the pump top 26 is stopped (i.e. the operator's foot is removed) the pump bellows 16 in the embodiment illustrated resultingly expands to draw in more liquid. As the pump bellows 16 expand to draw in more liquid, the third check valve within the spout coupler 30 closes to prevent the liquid from being sucked out of the liquid flow control nozzle 13. The closure of the check valve in the spout coupler 30 assures that the pumping check valve 56 opens to permit liquid to flow from the chamber of the container 1 into the chamber of the pump 15. [00078] The pump core 54 of the container li of the integrated container-pump is formed with an air intake 50, an air way tube 46, an air check valve 53 and a pumping check valve 52 where the function of these features are equivalent to the valves incorporated into the embodiment where the pump assembly is formed separately from -20 - WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 the container. The pump core 54 is located inside the integrated pump 15i. As the operator applies pumping pressure downwardly on the integrated pump top 26i, pumping check valve 52 closes and the liquid in the pump 15i is forced into the nozzle hose 14 through to the liquid flow control nozzle 13. Contemporaneously, air is drawn into the integrated container li via the air intake 50, through air tube 46, past air check valve 53 and into the container li. The air way tube 46 allows air to bypass the pump 15i and the check valve 53 prevents liquid residing in the chamber of the container li from flowing out through the air way tube 46. As the operator releases pressure on the integrated pump top 26i, by releasing his foot, the check valve of the spout coupler 30 resultingly closes and the pumping check valve 52 resulting opens to permit liquid to flow from the chamber of the container li into the chamber of the integrated pump 15i. This is better understood by reference to figures 17, 18, 19 and 20. [00079] Seal 47 of the pump core 54 seals the pump chamber of the pump 15i from the chamber of the container li. [00080] The embodiments of the pump apparatus, whether it be a separate from the container or integrally formed with the container, are advantageously used with a nozzle hose, preferably comprised of a flexible plastic material resistant to corrosive liquids or chemicals, for receiving liquid from the pump and delivering the liquid to the nozzle. Reference in respect of the nozzle hose to Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17 and 18. [00081] As well, both the separately formed and the integrally formed container pump configurations have a container fuel hose 21, also preferably made from a -21- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 corrosive-resistant flexible or a hard plastic material) which, during operation of the pump apparatus, draws liquid from the lowest elevation 10 and 10i of the chamber of the container 1, li. In this regard, reference is made to Figures 3, 4 and 6. [00082] The liquid flow control nozzle assembly permits the operator to connect different container spouts 4 to the liquid flow control nozzle 13 using the nozzle screw cap 12. It will be apparent that there are many different liquid container manufacturers and each manufacturer often provides their own uniquely designed spout with the liquid container. The liquid flow control nozzle taught herein is designed to be compatible to the vast majority of container spouts and each respective spout can be connected to the liquid flow control nozzle 13 using the nozzle screw cap 12 and threaded nozzle outlet end 30 design. In this regard, reference is made to Figures 11 and 12. [00083] Figures 12A to 12F are of special importance from an environmental viewpoint because they show the incorporation of an auto closure spout 58, a safety feature that prevents spilling by automatically sealing the end of the spout when the auto closure spout 58 is drawn from the tank. [00084] As shown in Figures 12D, 12E and 12F, to dispense liquid, the auto closure spout 58 must be placed inside the container opening so that the sleeve hook 61 is hooked on to the rim 68. Once in place, as shown in Figure 12E, the nozzle 13 is pushed downwardly so that the sprue sealing end continues to move forwardly, compressing the locating spring 64 while the sliding sleeve remains seated on the rim 68. Thus, the spout is opened, allowing liquid flow. After fueling, the withdrawal of the nozzle 13 permits locating spring 64 to reassert itself to return the sliding sleeve 59 -22to the closed position. Spillage and unwanted dripping are prevented by bringing the sleeve sealing end 60 into contact with the sprue sealing end 63. [00085] As well, both the separately-formed and integrated container-pump 5 embodiments provide for different design styles and shapes of the pump 15. Pump 27, for instance, is rectangular and has a hinged bellows design, In this regard, reference in Figures 7, 8, 9 and 10. [00086] The liquid flow control nozzle 13, as taught herein, is a simple means 10 of regulating the flow, incorporating a principle of operation that involves pinching the nozzle hose 14. In this regard, reference is made to Figures 13, 14 and 15. It will be apparent that other means of regulating the flow can be used, such as, for instance, mechanical valves. However, the pinching is thought to be, by the inventors superior, because resistance is minimized and flow rate maximized by its incorporation. In the 15 embodiments of the nozzle delivery systems illustrated, there is an un-pinching and a pinching of the nozzle hose 14 to start and stop liquid flow. In this regard, reference is made to Figures 13 and 14. An angled pinch head 34 is used to effect the pinching and unpinching, by unsqueezing or squeezing the nozzle control arm 33 and upper nozzle body 43 in respect to each other to effect release of pressure or application of 20 pressure on fuel hose pinch spot portions 36 and 37. In this regard, reference is made to Figure 15. [00087] Advantageously, there may thus be provided a pump mechanism that can be incorporated into a standard type container, either as an add-on or by integrated 25 molding, and which utilizes gravity assisted feed. This is unlike other products which 23 C$NRonbCC~m99 88_DOC-HW2OIGM'0 have to pull liquid from the container into the pump before it can be pushed to the nozzle. The gravity assistance helps fill the pump, speeding up the process and eliminating any requirement for an internal return spring to re-expand the pump after it is depressed during the pumping operation. The relative disposition of the pump and 5 the container, when it is laid in dispensing disposition, places the pump at ground level so that the liquid in the chamber of the container is above the pump and a head pressure permitting the liquid to flow into the pump without energy having to be added to the system. 10 [00088) Advantageously, there is no increasing pressurization of the container. This overcomes many of the problems with systems of the prior art which require pressurization of the chamber of the container to force the fluid through the hose and nozzle. Positive pressurization is to be avoided because it creates a danger of explosion. 15 [00089] Advantageously, there may be employed a foot-operated pump utilizing the operator's strongest muscles employed in an easy manner. [00090] In the preferred embodiments of the invention there is provided a 20 bellow foot pump for the transfer of liquid from a container. [00091) The invention may work well and effectively when an auto closure spout is used on the end of the nozzle for dispensing liquid to ensure compliance with environmental concerns. 25 24 C-Q&9eribhDCCWOmiUf639.DOCIMW? Oll [00092] The embodiments described are simple, reliable, easy to produce, use and maintain. Several advantages over the prior art farther to those explicitedly described will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The embodiments illustrated are preferred embodiments only and the specification is not meant to be read in a limiting 5 manner. The scope of the invention is as claimed in the appended claims. [00093] Referring to Figures 1 through 21C of the drawings, it will be noted that Figures 1 through 6 illustrate a preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system of the present invention, Figures 7 through 10 illustrate a first alternative 10 embodiment of the pump used in the preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system of the present invention, Figures 11 through 15 illustrate a dispensing nozzle used in the preferred embodiments of the liquid dispensing system, Figures 12 through 12F illustrate a first alternative embodiment dispensing nozzle used in the preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system of the present invention, Figure 12A 15 illustrates a second alternative embodiment dispensing nozzle used in the preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system of the present invention, Figure 15A illustrates a third alternative embodiment dispensing nozzle used in the preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system of the present invention, Figures 16 through 21 illustrate a second example of the liquid dispensing system, Figure 21A 20 illustrates an alternative embodiment dispensing nozzle used in the second example of a liquid dispensing system, Figure 21B illustrates a third example of a liquid dispensing system, and Figure 21C illustrates a first alternative embodiment of the pump used in the second example of a liquid dispensing system. 25 (00094] Reference will now be made to Figures 1 through 6, which show a preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system of the present invention, as indicated by general reference numeral 20. The preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system 20 comprises a liquid container 1 having a top end it and a bottom 5 end lb. The liquid container 1 also has a first opening la for liquids to pass therethrough. As can be readily seen in the figures, the first opening la is disposed adjacent the top end It of the liquid container 1 and is defined by a threaded portion 23. The liquid container 1, is preferably made from a suitable plastic material, such as polyethylene T M , but can be made of any other suitable material. As can be 10 readily seen in the figures, the liquid container 1 comprises a fuel container, also known as a gasoline container, but can also comprise any other type of liquid container for use in a liquid dispensing system. [00095] A manually operable pump means 15 is operatively connectable in 15 removable and replaceable relation to the liquid container 1. The manually operable pump means 15 is connected, as shown, to the liquid container, so as to be in liquid receiving relation to the first opening la of the liquid container 1. As can be readily seen in Figures 2 through 6, the manually operable pump means 15 comprises a foot operable bellows type pump 15. Other types of pump means could also readily be 20 used. 26 WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 [00096] The pump 15 includes a first opening 19a disposed at a barbed inlet end 19, for receiving liquid thereinto from the liquid container 1, and a second opening 18a, disposed at a hose end connector 18, for liquid to be dispensed from the pump 15. The removable and replaceable pump 15 is an add-on pump designed to be compatible with the vast majority of current fuel containers presently on the market. [00097] As can be seen in Figure 1, the liquid container 1 has a container spout 4 secured in place at the first opening 1 a by means of a container screw cap 3. In order to configure the container 1 for use as the liquid dispensing system 20 according to the present invention, the container screw cap 3 and container spout 4 are removed from the container 1. The pump 15 is connected to the container 1 at the first opening la using the container's screw cap 3 threadibly engaged on the co-operating threaded portion 23 of the liquid container 1. [00098] As can be best seen in Figures 5 and 6, the pump 15 is positioned to contact a substantially horizontal supporting surface, such as the ground, when the liquid container 1 is rotated about a horizontal axis such that the first opening la is adjacent the horizontal supporting surface. In this orientation, the substantially horizontal supporting surface supports the manually operable pump 15 during pumping, as will be discussed in greater detail subsequently. [00099] A flexible hose 14 is made from a flexible plastic material, and has an attached end 14a and a free end 14b. The flexible hose 14 is operatively connected at its attached end 14a in liquid receiving relation to the manually operable pump 15 at its second opening 18a, via the barbed hose end connector 18 on the pump 15. The -27 - WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 container spout 4, container 1 shown mounted on the container in Figure 1 and removed from the container in Figures 5 through 6, is threadibly engaged onto the spout coupler 30 of the dispensing nozzle 13, as is best seen in Figures 2 through 6, as will be discussed in greater detail subsequently. [000100] A universal coupling ring 22, as shown in place and also additionally separated from the container 1 and pump 15, allows the pump 15 to be connected to container 1. As can be best seen in Figures 3 and 4, the barbed inlet end 19 of the pump 15 is connected to flexible hose 21 that is preferably made from a corrosion resistant material. The flexible hose 21 passes though the container screw cap 3, through the universal coupling ring 22 and into the container opening la. The universal coupling ring 22 has internal threads 42 that are threadibly engaged onto the pump threads 25 thus sandwiching the gasket 20 between the coupling ring 22 and the pump 15 to create an liquid-tight seal. The container screw cap 3 is then threadibly engaged onto the container's threaded portion 23 at the opening 1 a, thereby tightly securing the coupling ring 22 along with the pump 15 to the container 1. [000101] The first end 14a of the flexible hose 14 is connected to the barbed inlet end 19 of the pump 15 and the second end 14b of the flexible hose 14 extends down into the container 1 and rests at the lowest point 10 of the container 1 when the container is in the pumping or fuel transferring position, as shown in Figures 5 and 6. [000102] The liquid dispensing system 20 further comprises a dispensing nozzle 13 operatively connecting in liquid receiving relation to the free end 14b of the flexible hose 14 to receive liquid pumped by the pump 15. The received liquid is dispensed - 28 - WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 through the dispensing nozzle 13, more specifically through the spout 4 mounted on the dispensing nozzle 13. In the various embodiments of the present invention, the dispensing nozzle 13 includes an interchangeable spout 4 as can be best seen in Figures 11 through 15, and as will be discussed in greater detail subsequently with reference to those figures. [000103] The liquid dispensing system has have various check valves at the pump core 54. A first air check valve 57, as best seen in Figure 4 is incorporated into the universal coupling ring 22. The first air check valve 57 allows air to flow into the container 1, thus enabling the air pressure within the container 1 to equalize as liquid is being pumped out. [000104] A second check valve 56 is a pumping check valve, and is best seen in Figure 3. The pumping check valve 56 of the pump 15 can be positioned at either end of the flexible hose 21 or in the opening of the barbed inlet end 19. A third check valve 30c is incorporated into the spout coupler 30 of the dispensing nozzle 13, as can be seen in Figure 13. [000105] The pumping check valve 56 regulates the fluid flow so that the fluid will only flow in one direction, from the container 1 into the pump 15. When the pump top 26 is stepped on the pumping check valve 56 will close which prevents liquid in the pump 15 from returning into the container 1. The force of stepping on the pump top 26 will push the fluid into the nozzle hose 14 and through the dispensing nozzle 13. When pressure on the pump top 26 is released the operator's foot is removed the pump bellows 16 will expand to draw in more liquid. As the pump bellows 16 expands to -29 - WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 draw in more fluid the third check valve within the spout coupler 30 will close to prevent the liquid from being suctioned out of the dispensing nozzle 13. The closure of the spout coupler 30 check valve will assure the pumping check valve 56 opens to allow fluid from the container 1 to flow into the pump 15. [000106] Reference will now be made to Figures 7 through 10, which show a first alternative embodiment of the pump used in the first preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system according to the present invention. The first alternative embodiment pump 27 is similar to the pump 15 used in the first preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system, except that the pump 27 is of a slightly different form. The pump 27 is rectangular in shape, and is a "hinged" bellows design. As can be best seen in Figures 8 through 10, this bellows pump 27 has a slightly larger foot engaging surface 29, than does the pump 15 in the first preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system 20. Other suitable types of pumps may also be used in the present invention. [000107] Reference will now be made to Figures 11 through 15, which show, in greater detail, the dispensing nozzle 13 according to the present invention. The dispensing nozzle 13 comprises a main body 13a having a coupling means in the form of a spout coupler 30. The spout coupler 30 is for receiving spout 4 thereon. The spout 4 is removably mounted on the main body via the coupling means. More specifically, the nozzle screw cap 12 fits over the spout 4 in the same manner as described with reference to the first preferred embodiment of the liquid dispensing system 20, so as to capture the annular flange 4f, as best seen in Figure 3, at the retained end 4a of the spout 4. The nozzle screw cap 12 threadibly engages the threads 30a of the spout -30- WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 coupler 30, so as to removably secure the spout 4 to the main body 13a of the nozzle 13. [000108] The dispensing nozzle 13 also comprises a check valve 13b operatively mounted in the main body 13a, specifically within the coupling means 30, as can be best seen in Figures 13 through 15. The check valve 13b acts to preclude rearward flow of the liquid within the dispensing nozzle 13 back into the pump 15 and the liquid container 1. In this manner, when the pump 15 or pump 27, as the case may be, expands, fluid will not be suctioned back into the pump 15 and liquid container 1. Alternatively, the check valve 13b can be operatively mounted in the spout, as is shown in Figure 15A. [000109] The spout 4 is operatively connectable in fluid communication to flexible hose 14 for receiving liquid therefrom, and more specifically is directly connectable in fluid communication to the flexible hose 14, via the spout coupler 30. [000110] As can be best seen in Figures 13 through 15, the dispensing nozzle 13 further comprises a nozzle control arm 33 pivotally mounted at a pinched pin connector 32 of the bottom of connecting rod 39. The nozzle control arm 33 is moveable between a lower rest position, as can be best seen in Figures 13 and 15, and a raised flow position, as can be best seen in Figure 14. An angled pinch head 34 disposed on the top of the connecting rod 39 engages the flexible hose 14 so as to pinch it against a first pinched pin 36 and a second pinched pin 37. A spring 31 interposed between the pinch head 34 and a spring stop 40 biases the pinch head 34 against the flexible hose 14. -31- [000111] In order to start the flow with the dispensing nozzle 13, as can be best seen in Figure 14, an operator squeezes the nozzle control arm 33 in an upward direction towards the upper nozzle body 43 which in turn pulls the angled pinch head 34 away from the nozzle hose 14, This motion removes the pinching pressure of the angled pinch head 5 34 on the nozzle hose 14 and allows the fluid to flow. [000112] In order to stop the flow with the dispensing nozzle 13, as can be best seen in Figure 15, pressure is released from the nozzle control arm 33, which in turn allows the compressed spring 31 to push the angled pinch head 34 up against the nozzle hose 14 at 10 pinch spot 35. This in turn pinches the hose against the flexible hose pinch spot stops 36 and 37 stopping the fluid flow. [000113] An alternative embodiment of the dispensing nozzle is shown in Figures 12A through 12F. The dispensing nozzle 13 has an auto-closure type of spout 58, The 15 auto-closure spout 58 is a safety feature, which prevents spilling by automatically sealing the end of the spout when the auto-closure spout 58 is with drawn from a container, such as a fuel tank 66. The auto-closure spout 58 has a movable sliding sleeve 59 with a pair of gas tank engaging sleeve hooks 61 on it. The movable sliding sleeve 59 of the auto closure spout 58 has a sleeve sealing end 60. A spout sprue 62 having a sprue sealing end 20 63 is secured to a spout base 65 and is disposed at the sleeve sealing end 60 of the movable sliding sleeve 59. A sleeve spring 64 biases the movable sliding sleeve 59 to a closed position, as can be best seen in Figure 12B. [000114] In order to dispense fluid with an auto-closure spout 58, the sleeve sealing 25 end 60 of the auto-closure spout 58 must be placed inside the tank opening 67 so that 32 WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 the sleeve hooks 61 are hooked on to the rim 68 of the tank opening 61. Once in place, the nozzle 13 is pushed downward towards the tank 66. In doing so, the sliding sleeve 59 will be pushed back away from the sprue sealing end 63 opening up the spout so as to allow fluid to flow out. When dispensing of the liquid is finished, the nozzle 13 can be withdrawn from the tank 66. The sleeve spring 64, which was compressed as the sliding sleeve 59 was pushed back, will return the sliding sleeve 59 to its closed position, thus preventing subsequent dispensing of fluid from the auto-closure spout 58, by bringing the sleeve sealing end 60 into contact with the sprue sealing end 63. [000115] As can be readily understood, the auto-closure spout 58 precludes the dispensing of liquid from a liquid container unless the sleeve sealing end 60 of the auto-closure spout 58 is inserted into a container having an appropriately sized mouth. [000116] In a third alternative embodiment, as is shown in Figure 15B, the spout 4 is operatively connectable in fluid communication to the flexible hose 14, by means of a flexible tube 70 having an inlet 72 and an outlet 74. The flexible tube 70 is disposed within the main body 13a. The outlet 74 of the flexible tube 70 is connected in fluid communication to the coupling means 30. The inlet 72 of the flexible tube 20 is connected in fluid communication to the flexible hose 14, so as to receive liquid therefrom, by means of a coupler 80. The coupler 80 has a first reduced portion 82 that extends outwardly from the main body 13a of the nozzle 13 through a cooperating aperture 13c, and receives the free end 14b of the flexible hose 14 thereon, a second reduced portion 84 that receives the inlet 72 of the flexible tubing 70 thereon, and an enlarged central portion 86 that retains the coupler 80 within the main body 13a of the - 33 - C:\MAPo\DCCELU63 3G6 _IO-81 20 dispensing nozzle 13. A fluid check valve 13C is operatively mounted in the housing 13a, specifically in the coupler 80. (000117] Reference will now be made to Figures 16 through 21, which show a 5 second example of a liquid dispensing system. The second example is similar to the preferred embodiment of the invention, except that the second example liquid dispensing system comprises an integrated container li that consists of a molded container with a molded pump 15i integrated into the integrated container li, as best seen in Figures 16 through 19. When the container spout 4 is attached by the 10 container screw cap 3i, the integrated container li can be used to dispense liquid therefrom, by means of pouring, through the integrally molded pump 15i. The container spout 4 can be removed and replaced by pump core 54, which will allow the dispensing nozzle 13 assembly to be connected to the pump 15i via the flexible hose 14. The container spout 4 previously removed from the container 1i can be threadibly 15 engaged onto the spout coupler 30 of the dispensing nozzle 13. In another example, the liquid dispensing system as shown in Figures 16 through 21 comprises a liquid container 1i having a primary reservoir Ip and a secondary reservoir Is. The liquid container li, as illustrated, comprises a single integrally formed piece of plastic, and is a gasoline container, but may also be any other sort of suitable container, as will be 20 described in greater detail subsequently. [000118] As can be best seen in Figure 19, a throughpassage It interconnects the primary reservoir lp and the secondary reservoir Is in fluid communication one with the other. A first opening If in the secondary reservoir 1s is for the ingress of liquid 34 WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 into and the egress of liquid from the liquid container 1i. A cap 3i and an insertable disk (not specifically shown) is engageable in sealed relation on the secondary reservoir 1s at the first opening if, so as to close off the first opening if. [000 119] The secondary reservoir Is includes a manually manipulable flexible 1 m portion that acts as a manually operable pump means for causing the egress of liquid from the container 1i through the first opening if. As can be readily seen in the Figures, the manually operable pump means comprises a foot operable bellows type pump 15i. Any other suitable type of pump may also be used. [000120] A flexible hose 14i is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the first opening lf of the secondary reservoir is, and more specifically, is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the second liquid outlet passageway of the pump core. [000121] A dispensing nozzle 13i is operatively connected in liquid receiving relation to the flexible hose 14i to receive liquid pumped by the pump means 15i, and wherein the liquid is dispensed through the dispensing nozzle 13i. The dispensing nozzle 13i includes an interchangeable spout 4i, as can be best seen in Figures 16 and 17. In Figure 16, the spout 4i is engaged in sealed relation on the secondary reservoir 1s at the first opening if, so as to permit direct dispensing of liquid from the liquid container li through the first opening lf. In Figure 17, the spout 4i is mounted directly on the dispensing nozzle 13i. Further, the spout may be an auto-closure type spout 58', mounted directly on the dispensing nozzle 13i', as shown as an alternative embodiment in Figure 21A. The auto-closure spout 58' is identical to the auto-closure spout 58 - 35 - WO 2006/026860 PCT/CA2005/001367 discussed above. As can be readily understood, the auto-closure spout 58' precludes the dispensing of liquid from a liquid container unless the sleeve sealing end 60' of the auto-closure spout 58' is inserted into a container having an appropriately sized mouth. [000122] The second preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system further comprises a pump core 54 having an internal end 54a in fluid communication with the primary reservoir 1p and an external end 54b in fluid communication with the exterior of the liquid container li. An air inlet passageway 50 extends between the internal end 54a and the external end 54b. The exterior of the liquid container li is thereby in air flow communication with the primary reservoir 1p. As can be best seen in Figures 20 and 21, the pump core 54 further comprises a first liquid outlet passageway 52a extending between the internal end 54a of the pump core 54 and the secondary reservoir is. The primary reservoir 1p is thereby in fluid communication with the secondary reservoir is. The pump core 54 further comprises a second liquid outlet passageway 52b extending between the secondary reservoir is and the exterior of the liquid container 1i. The secondary reservoir is is thereby in fluid communication with the exterior of the liquid container li. [000123] The pump core 54 of the integrated container 1i contains the air intake 50, air way tube 46 air check valve 53 and the pumping check valve 52 where the function of these features are the same as that for the add-on pump 15 design described in paragraph 0028. The pump core 54 is located inside the integrated pump 15i. As the operator applies pressure in a downward direction on the integrated pump top 26i pumping check valve 52 will close and the fluid in the pump 15i is pushed into the nozzle hose 14 and through the dispensing nozzle 13. As this is occurring air is drawn into the integrated container li via the air intake 50, through air way tube 46 past air - 36 check valve 53 and into the container li. The air way tube 46 allows air to by passes the pump and the check valve 53 prevents liquid inside the container 1i from flowing out through the air way tube 46. As the operator releases pressure on the integrated pump top 26i removes foot the spout coupler 30 check valve will close and the 5 pumping check valve 52 will open to allow the fluid from the container Ii to flow into the integrated pump 15i. The seal 47 of the pump core 54 seals the pump 15i chamber off from the container 1i area. [000124] The liquid dispensing system has have various check valves at the 10 pump core 54. A first air check valve 53, as best seen in Figure 21 is incorporated into the universal coupling ring 22. The first air check valve 53 allows air to flow into the container Ii, thus enabling the air pressure within the container li to equalize as liquid is being pumped out. 15 (000125] A second check valve 52 is a pumping check valve, and is best seen in Figure 3. A third check valve 30c is incorporated into the spout coupler 30 of the dispensing nozzle 13, as can be seen in Figure 13. (000126] In a first alternative embodiment of the pump used in the second 20 alternative embodiment liquid dispensing system, as can be seen in Figure 21C, the manually manipulable flexible portion 1m is removable and replaceable on the remaining portion of the secondary reservoir is. [000127] Reference will now be made to Figure 21B, which shows a third 25 example of a liquid dispensing system, as indicated by general reference numeral 320. 37 The liquid dispensing system 320 is functionally similar to and structurally analogous to the second example liquid dispensing system; however, it is structurally somewhat different. The third preferred embodiment liquid dispensing system 320 comprises a bottle suitable for retaining and dispensing lotion or shampoo, or the like. The liquid 5 container 330 has a primary reservoir 331 and a secondary reservoir 332, and comprises a single integrally formed piece of plastic. A throughpassage 334 interconnects the primary reservoir 331 and a secondary reservoir 332 in fluid communication one with the other. A first opening 340 in the secondary reservoir 332 is for the ingress of liquid into and the egress of liquid from the liquid container 330. 10 A cap member 350 is engageable in sealed relation on the secondary reservoir 332 at the first opening 340, so as to close off the first opening 340. [000128] In the various examples, an operator is able to pump gas from either container I or 1i into a receiving container in a controlled, convenient, safe and spill 15 free manner. To dispense the liquid the assembly of the container 1 and li respectively, pump 15 and 15i are rotated forwardly (see Figure 5, 6 and 22) until the pump leg 24 and 24i rests on the ground. To commence pumping liquid, an operator presses down on the pump top 26 and 26i with their foot while simultaneously squeezing the nozzle control arm 33 of the nozzle 13 in an upward direction towards 20 the nozzle upper body 43. The nozzle control arm 33 in turn allows liquid to flow through the flexible hose pinch spot 35, through the nozzle spout 4 and into a receiving container. [000129] The various examples, as discussed above, have many advantages, as 25 will now be discussed. 38 [000130] One advantage is that this system does not pressurize the container 1 in order to move the fluid. One prior art apparatus, as discussed above, requires the pressurization of the fuel container in order force the fluid through the hose and 5 nozzle. This is a potentially explosive situation and is therefore highly undesirable. Pressurization is not utilized within the containers 1 and Ii. [000131] A second advantage is that any mechanical failure of the nozzle will not result in a spill or leak. The dispensing nozzle 13 does not utilize a mechanical valve 10 to regulate the flow such as the competitive products. Mechanical failure is mainly due to parts that wear out, This wearing process can introduce contaminants into the fluid as it is being dispensed. The design of the nozzle 13 also eliminates potential contamination of the fluid being pumped. The nozzle design is especially appropriate for corrosive and even consumable liquids. Liquid will not come in contact with any 15 metal or mechanism that could potentially deteriorate. [000132] A third advantage is that it is easy to clean and sterilize. The examples can be used in situations such as pumping liquids for human consumption where it is necessary to clean and sterilize the components. For example, the pump 15, flexible 20 hose 14 and the spout 4 can be used to pumping homemade wine into bottles. The nozzle and pump can be separated, cleaned and sterilized. The nozzle is designed to disassemble easily so the components can be cleaned and the flexible hose replaced quickly with a new clean sterile piece of tubing if required. 39 [000133] A fourth advantage is the spout coupler 30 which allows the user to connect various kinds of spouts presently offered on the market to the nozzle 13 of this invention. There are numerous fuel container manufacturers and each manufacturer has its own unique spout. Typical spouts are just a formed tube used to direct the flow 5 of liquid from the container. Presently, new environmental regulations commonly known as CARB (California Air Regulation Board) compliance require manufacturers of portable fuel containers to provide spouts that offer an auto shut off and an auto closure feature which regulates the flow of liquid from their container, The auto shut off and auto closure feature stops the flow of liquid from the container when the spout 10 is either removed from the receiving container or when the fluid level in the receiving container rises to cover the tip of the spout. These safety features prevent spills caused by over filling and these spouts can be easily connected to the spout coupler 30 of the nozzle 13 to provide further safety and control of the fluid transferring operation. 15 [000134] As can be understood from the above description and from the accompanying drawings, the examples provide a liquid dispensing system that can be used to dispense various types of liquids in almost any situation, that does not rely on siphoning, that is easy to use, and that does not rely on maintaining an increased internal air pressure in order to dispense liquid. 20 [000135] Other variations of the above principles will be apparent to those who are knowledgeable in the field of the invention, and such variations are considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Further, other modifications and alterations may be used in the design and manufacture of the liquid dispensing system 40 C;\NRPoiitlDCCEllw633680_j.OC-tv/5n2011 of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the accompanying claims. [000136] Throughout this specification and the claims which follow, unless the 5 context requires otherwise, the word "comprise", and variations such as "comprises" and "comprising", will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated integer or step or group of integers or steps but not the exclusion of any other integer or step or group of integers or steps, 10 [000137] The reference in this specification to any prior publication (or information derived from it), or to any matter which is known, is not, and should not be taken as an acknowledgment or admission or any form of suggestion that that prior publication (or information derived from it) or known matter forms part of the common general knowledge in the field of endeavour to which this specification 15 relates.4 41