AU2001279098A1 - Imidazolyl derivatives - Google Patents

Description

IM1DAZOLYL DERIVATIVES Background of the invention

The present invention is directed to compounds and compositions containing said compounds which bind selectively to somatostatin receptor subtypes and the use of said compounds for treating medical disorders which are mediated by somatostatin receptor subtypes. Somatostatin (somatotropin release inhibiting factor, S IF), a tetradecapeptide hormone, originally isolated from bovine hypothalami (Brazeau, P. et al.. Science 179, 77-79, 1973) has been shown to have a wide range of regulatory effects on the release of a variety of hormones such as growth hormone, protoctin, giucagon, insulin, gastrin (Bloom, S.R. and PoWack, J. ., Brit. Med. J. 295. 288-289, 1987). In addition, antiproliferative properties (ReicMin, S., N. Engl. J . Med. 309, 1495- 1501, 1983) have been obtaine -with somatostatin analogs in metastatic prostatic cancer (Parmar, H. et al, Ciin. Exp. Metastasis, 10, 3-11, 1992) and in several other neuroendocrine neoplasms in man (Anthony, L et al. Acta Oncol., 32, 217-223. 1993). Metabolism of somatostatin by aminopeptidases and carboxypeptidases leads to a short duration of action. T e actions of somatostatin are mediated via membrane bound receptors. The heterogeneity of its biological functions has led to studies to identify structure-activity relationships of peptides analogs at the somatostatin receptors which resulted in the discovery of five receptor subtypes ( Yamada, et al, Proc . Nat!. Acad. Sci. U.SΛ 89, 251-255, 1992 ; Raynor, K. et al. Mol. Pharmacol., 44, 385-392, 1993). The functional rotes of these receptors are under extensive investigatjon. Binding to the dffereπt types of somatostatin subtypes have been associated with the treatment of the following conditions and or diseases. Activation of types 2 and 5 have been associated with growth hormone suppression and more particularly GH secreting adenomas (Acromegaiy) and TSH secreting adenomas. Activation of type 2 but not type 5 has been associated with treating proiactin secreting adenomas. Other indications associated with activation of the somatostatin subtypes are restenosis, inhibition of insulin and/or giucagon and more particularly diabetes mellitus, hyperfpidemia, insulin insensitivity, Syndrome X, angiopathy, proliferative ret opathy, dawn phenomenon and Nephropathy; inhibition of gastric acid secretion and more particularly peptic ulcers, eπterocutaneous and pancreatJcocutaneous fistula, irritable bowel syndrome, Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy-induced diarrhea, acute or chronic pancreatitis and gastrointestinal hormone secreting tumors; treatment of cancer such as hepatoma; inhibition of angiogenesis, treatment of inflammatory disorders such as arthritis; chronic aUograft rejection; angioplasty; preventing graft vessel and gastrointestinal bleeding. Somatostatin agonists can also be used for decreasing body weight in a patient

In drug research, it is a key issue to minimize side effects by developing highly potent and selective drug molecules. Recent work on the development of nonpeptide structures (Hirschmann, R. et al, J.Am.Chem.Soc. 115, 12550-12568, 1993 ; Papageorgiou, C. and Borer, X, Bioorg. Med.Chem.Lett. 6, 267-272. 1996) have described compounds with low somatostatin receptor affinity.

The present invention is directed to a family of nonpeptide compounds, which are selective and potent somatostatin receptor ligands.

Summary of the nvention

In one aspect the present invention is directed to a compound of the formula (I),

(I) the racemic-diastereomeric mixtures and optical isomers of said compound of formula (I), the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts and prodrugs thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein represents an optional bond; (CH^-Z . Z¹ is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (C,- C₁₂)alkyl. benzo[b]thiophenβ, phenyl, naphthyl, benzo{b]furanyl, thiophene.

isoxazolyl, indolyi, R* is H or (d-C,)alkyl; or R¹ and R² are taken together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached to form a compound of formula (la), (lb) or (lc),

R³ is -(CH^-B-iCH^-Z²;

E is O. S.-C(O)-. -C(0)-O-, -NH-C(0 0- or a bond;

Z² is H, (C,-C ₂)alkyl, amino, ( -C^alkylamino, N.N-d^' C^C^alkyla ino, (C,- C_l2)al ylguanidino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi, imidazoryl, thiophene, benzothiophene. pyridiπyi and naphthyl; R⁴ is H or -(CHzi_m-A¹;

A¹ is -C(=Y)-N(X^,X²), -C(=Y)-X², -C^H)-* or X²; Y is O orS;

X¹ is H, (C-CJalkyl. -{CH₂)_m-NH-<C₁-C alkyi, -{CH₂)_m-N-dKC,-C_β)alkyl or - (CH^-aryl; X² is or optionally substituted (C,-C₁₂)alkyl;

Y¹ is O, S, NH, C=0, (CrC₁₂)alkenyl having one or more double bonds, -NH-CO-, -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-CHCH₂)«-. -CO. S0₂ or a bond; X³ is H. an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (d-CiaJaBcyt, (Cj-CJcycloaJkyl, (C,-C₁₂)aJkoxy, aryloxy, (C,-C,₂)alkylarnino, N.N-dKC^^aikylamino, -CH-dHC₁-C_1s)afkoxy, pyrroBdinyl, pyridinyi, thiophene, imidazoryl, piperidiπyt, piperazinyl, benzothiazolyi, furanyt, indolyi, morphoHno, benzofbjfuranyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, -(CH^-phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phthalamidyl. pyrimidinyl,

or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of thiazolyl

Y² is CH-X\ N-X⁴. -C(X⁴X'), O or S;

X* for each occurrence » independently -<CH₂)_fll-Y^s-X⁹; Y³ is -C(0)-, -C(0)O- or a bond;

X^s is hydroxy, (C,-C„)alkyt_t amino, (d-C alkylamino, N.N-dKC- C₁₂)alkyiamino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of aryl, aryl(C,-C₄)alkyl, furanyl, pyridinyl, indolyi, - CH(phenyl)₂,

R⁵ is (C-CjaH yl, (Co-Oalkyl-CfO-O-Z⁵. (C₀-C_β)alkyl-C(O)-NH-(CHj)_m-Z³ or optionaUy substituted aryl;

Z³ for each occurrence is independently amino, (C,-Ci₂)alky!amino. N.N-dKC- C₁₂)alkylamino, -NH-C(0)-O-(CH₂)„-phenyl -NH-C(0)-0-{CH₂)_nι-{C₁-C_β)aJkyl or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of imidazolyl, pyridinyl, morpholino, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrazolidinyl, furanyl and thiophene;

R* is H or (C-C_β)alkyl;

R⁷ is (C.-C₁₂)aDo/l or -{CH^-Z⁴;

Z* is an optionafly substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, indolyi, thiophene, benzo[b]furan, benzo[b]thiophene. isoxazoiyl,

Z⁵ is H. (C,-C₁₂)alkyl, (CH^-aryl; wherein an optionally substituted moiety is optionally substituted by one or more substituents, each independently selected from the group consisting of Cl, F, Br, I, CF₃, CN, N₃. MOj, OH, SOjNH -OCF„ (C-C alkoxy, ^CH^_m-phenyHX«)_m -S-phenyKX⁴),,. Oalkyi,

■0-(CH_!)_1B-NH₂. -0-<C*^-NH-<C₁-C,)alkyl, -C C ^-N-dH(C,-C_l)a*yl) and ^C,-C^afl yKX\; X* for each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Cl, F. Br, I, N0₂, N_3l CN. OH. -CF„ -OCF₃. (C,-C₁₂)alky1. (C.-C^alkoxy. -(CHJ.-NH,, -<CH_J)₍,-NH-(C,-C_β)alkyl, -(CH₂)₁„- -di-((C,-C_t)aJkyl) and -(CH^-phenyl; m for each occurrence is independeπtry 0 or an integer from 1 to 6; and n for each occurrence is independeπtry an integer from 1 to 5; provided that

(a) when R⁴ is (C,-C₁₂)alkyl, or -C(0)-O-Z? and Z* is (C-C_jjafkyi or optionally substituted aryl; R⁴ is H or (C.-C_β)alkyt; R⁷ is (d-C^alkyl or Z⁴ and Z⁴ is thiophene or optionally substituted phenyl, then R³ is not -C(O)-0-(CH₂)_m-Z where m is 0 and Z is H or (C,-C,₂)alkyl or where m is 1 to 6 and Z is H;

(b) when R⁵ is (C,-C₁₂)alkyl or optionally subsituted phenyl; R* is H or (C-C^alkyl; R⁷ is (C-C^alkyl and R³ is -0-<CH₂)-Z², then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi. imidazoryl. thiophene, benzothiophene, pyridiπyi. and naphthyl; and (c) when R⁵ is H or (C.-C₁₂)alkyt; R» is (C,-C,)alkyl,- R^r is <C,-C₁₂)alky1: and R³ is -O-Z² or -S-Z². then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, thioσhene, benzothienyl and indolyi.

A preferred compound of formula I is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_rphenyi; R* is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y)-N(X'X²);

Y is O; X¹ is H or methyl; m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 , 2 or 3; Y¹ is a bond or O; and X³ is N- methyJpyrroiidin-2-yl, diethytamino, pyridinyl, thiophene. imidazolyt, diethoxy methyl, 1-benzyl-pipeήdin-4-yl, optionally substituted phenyl or

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_j- phenyl; R⁴ is -(CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyt R* is H; where A¹ is -C^Y^ pOX²); Y is O; X¹ is benzyl and X² is 2-hydroxyethyϊ, or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are

attached to form τ<JO where Y² is C-X* or N-X⁴; X⁴ is -(CH_jJ„-Y⁵-X³ where m in the definition of X* is 0 or 1; and

X^s is selected from the group consisting of furanyl, benzyl, phenyl. amino.

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is wnere R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_:- phenyl; R⁴ is -(CH₂)_m«A¹ where m in the definition of R* is 0: R⁵ is phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C^Y^X²; Y is O; X² is -{CH- ^-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y¹ is O, -NH-CO-, -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-0-CH , S0₂ or a bond; and

X³ is methyl, furanyl, pentyl, phenyl. indolyi, p- Oj-phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl,

-CH(phenyl)₂, benzothiazolyl, phthalamidyi, N,N-dimethyiarntno,

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_j- indc-3-yi; R⁴ is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl or t-Bu; R* is H;

A¹ is -C(=Y)-N(X¹X²);

Y is O or S; X¹ is H; X² is -<CH_a)_lll-Y¹-X³; in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2

Y¹ is a bond; and X³ is phenyl, o-CI-phenyl, m-CI-pbenyl, p-phenyloxy-pbenyl, 2,6-dHSopropylphenyl, m-CFj-phenyl, p-ethoxycarbonyl-phenvl, 2,4- difluorophenyt, m-N0₂-phenyl, p-benzyloxyphenyl, o-isopropylphenyl, n-hexyl. 4-

morphofino, naphthyl or

Another compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R^J is -CH_j-indol-3-yl; R⁴ is -(CH₂)_ltl-A¹ where m in the definition of R is 0; R* is phenyl or t-Bu; R* is H; where A¹ is - ^Y^X²-, where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y' is O. -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-O-CHj-or a bond: and X³ is methyl. 3-pentyl. phenyl, p-N0₂-phenyl. phthalamidyl, N.N-dimethylamino, p-aminophenyl, fiucrenyl or

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H: R² is H; R³ is -CH₂- indoi-3-yl; R⁴ is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^s is phenyl or t-Bu: R^β is

H; where A¹ is -C^-NøOX²); Y is O: X¹ is hydrogen; X² is -(CHj - -X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

Y¹ is O, or a bond; and X³ is cyctopen yl, 4-OH-butyl, N,N-diethylamino. N- metiιyi-pyπOlidin-3-yl, -CH(ethoxy)j, phenyl, p-S0₂NH₂-phenyi p-OH-phenyl, o- CF_j-phenyl, p-CI-phenyl, -CHfphenyl)

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R' is H; R² is H; R³ is -CHj- indol-3-yl; R⁴ is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R is 0; R* is phenyl or t-Bu; R⁶ is

H; where A¹ is -CfsY X²-. where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 , 2 or 3; Y is -NH-CO, -OC-. -C*C- or a bond; and X³ is t-butyl, 1-methylcarboπyl- piperidJn-4-yl, phenyl. p-CI-pheny⁾, m-CFj-pbenyl, 4-nJtrc-naphthyl, p-methoxy- phenyl, m-{phenyletrn r)-phenyl, indol-3-yl or p-aminopheπyl. Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R* is -CH₂-indol-3-yl. -(CHj)₄-NH-C0-O-t-8u or -<CHj)₄-NHj; R* is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl, o-methoxyphenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyi or p- N.N-diethylamino-phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y N(X'X^Ϊ); where m in the definition of X² is 0;

Y¹ is a bond; and X³ is o-Br-phenyl, m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, o-CI-phenyl, m- Cl-pheπyl, p-CI-pheπyl, o-nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl. p-nitro-phenyl, o-CF_r phenyi, m-CF₃-phenyl, p-CF₃-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, 2,4-dΗF-phenyl, 2.5-di-F- phenyl, 2,5π i-methoxy-phenyl, m-OMe-phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, 2-CF₃-4-Cl- phenyl or 3-nitro-4-F-phenyl.

Of the immediately above compounds it is preferred that when R⁵ is phenyl and R³ is -<CH₂)-indol-3-yl that the stereochemistry at the carbon to which R³ is attached is in the Reconfiguration.

Another preferred compound of formula (!) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH₂- indol-3-yl. -(CHjj₄-NH-CO-O-t-Bu or -(CH^-NH^ R is -(CH^-A¹ where in the definition of R is 0; R^s is phenyl, o-methoxyphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p- nitro-phenyl or p-N,^W^e y1amir^o- heny^; R* is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y>X²; Y is O; X² is -(CH₂)_B1-Y¹-X^s; where m in the definition of X² is 1;

Y¹ is a bond; and X' is phenyl, o-Br-phenyl, m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, o-CI- phenyl, m-Cl-phenyl, p-C4-phenyi, o-nitro-phenyl, m-firtro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, o-CF₃-phenyt, p-CF phenyt, o-F-pheπyl, m-F-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, N^J-methyia irrø-pheπyi, o-OMe-pbeπyl, m-OMe-phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, 3,4- di-Cl-phenyl, 3,4,5-tri-OMe-phenyl, p-Me-phenyl. p- H-phenyl or 2,4-di-F- phenyl.

Of the immediately foregoing compounds when R⁵ is phenyl or o-OMe-phenyl and R³ is -{CH₂)-indol-3-yt; it is preferred that the compounds are the separated enantiomers (R or S configuration) according to the carbon to which R³ is attached. Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R' is H; R² is H; R³ is - (CH_j)₄-NH-CO-0-t-Bu or R⁴ is -{CH₂)_r,-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^s is phenyl; R* is H;' where A¹ is -C(=Y X^ Y is 0; X² is -(CH₂)_m-Y^,-X³: where in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y¹ is S, SOj or a bond; and X³ is phenyl, 3.4-di-Cl-phenyl, 3,4.5-tή-OMe-phenyl. p-Me-pheπyl, p-OH-phenyi, 2,4-di-F-pheπyl, 2-furanyl, 2-pyridinyl. 3-pyridinyl. naphthyl. 2-quinolinyl, 3-quinolinyl, 4-quιnolinyl, 8-quinolinyl, 1 -isoquinolinyl. 2- thiophene or 2-pyrimidinvl.

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R' is H; R² is H; R³ is - (CH₂)₄-NH-CO-0-t-Bu or -{CHj)₄-NH₂; R⁴ is -(CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^s is phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y X²; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1. 2 or 3;

Y¹ is a bond; and X³ is 5-indolyl, 3-indofyl, 4-indolyl, 2-indolyl, 5-OMe-iπdol-3-yl, 5-O e-indol-2-yl. 5-OH-indol-2-yl. 5-OH-indot-3-yl, 5-Br-indol-3-yi, 2-Me-indol-3- yl, 2-benzothiophene, 3-benzothiophene or 2-benzofuran. Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -

(CH^-indol-3-yl, -(CH_jk-NH-CO-O-t-Bu or -(CHj)₄-NH₂; R⁴ is -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R* is 0; R⁵ is phenyl. o-OMe-phenyl or p-OMe-pheπyt: R* is H; where A¹ is X²; X² is -(CHa -X³; where m in the definition of X² is 1, 2 or 3;

Y is S, O or a bond; and X^s is phenyl, o-OH-phenyl, p-OH-phenyl, o-F-phenyl, m-F-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, o-CF₃-phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl, m- Me-phenyl. o-nitro- pheπyl, p-nitro-phenyl, 3.4-di-CI-pheπyl, 2-nitro-3-OMe-phenyl, o-Br-phenyl, m- Br-phenyi, p-Br-phenyl, 2-thiophene, 3,4,5-th-OMe-phenyl, p-N,N- dirriethylamino-phenyl, p-OCF₃-phenyl, p-(3-{N,N- dimethyiamino)propoxy)pheπy1, 3-F-4- Me-pheπyt- 2-pyridtfiyt, 3-pyridinyl, 4- pyridmyl, 2-CI-quinolin-3-yl, 2-quinoiinly, methyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 3.3- dirnethyl-butyl, benzyl, cy ohexyl or p-t-Bu-phenyl. Another preferred compound of formula (1) ^'ts where R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is - (CH^-NH-CO-O-t-Bu or -<CHj)₄-NH₂; R⁴ is -{CH^-A' where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R* is phenyl; R* is H where A¹ is X²; X³ is -{CHj -X³; where m in the definition of X² is 1 , 2 or 3;

Y¹ is 0 or a bond; and X³ is phenyl, o-OH-phenyl, p-OH-phenyl. o-F-phenyl, m- F-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, o-CF₃-phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl, m-OMe-phenyi, p-OMe- phenyl, o-nitro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, 3.4-di-C!-phenyl, 2-nitro-3-OMe-phenyl. o- Br-phenyl. m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-phenyi-phenyl, 2-th >phene, 3,4,5-tri-

OMe-phenyl, p-N.N-dimethylamino-phenyl, p-benzyloxy-phenyl, p-OCF₃-phenyl, p-(3-(N.N-dimethyiamino)propoxy)phenyt, 3-F-4- Me-phenyl. 2-pyridinyl, 3- pyridinyl, 4-pyridinyl. 2-CI-quinolin-3-yl. 2-quinoliniy, 3-indoryl, 6- methoxycarboήyl-indol-3-yl, 1-methyHndc -3-yl. 2-methyHndol-3-yl, methyl, rv butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 3,3-dimethyl-buryl. benzyl, cyclohexyl or p-t-Bu-phenyl.

Another preferred compound of formula (T) is wnere R¹ is R² is H; R³ is -{CH^ NH-CO-O-t-Bu, -(CH^-NH-CO-O- enzyl. -(CH^phenyl or -{CHj}-indol-3- yl; R* is -(CH₂)_ιn-A¹ where m in the definition of R* is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R⁶ is H; where T is ethyl, phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, p-phenyl-phenyi, p-CI-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-Ns-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, m-nitro-pheπyl, p-rwro-phenyl, p-CN-pnenyi. 2,5-di-OMe- phenyl. 3,4-di-Ci-phenyl, N,N-dimethylamino-phenyl, 3-methyl-4-C!-phenyl or naphthyl; A¹ is -C(=Y X²: where m in the. definition of X² is 0;

Y¹ is O; and X³ is t-Bu.

Another preferred compound of formula 0) is where R¹ is -(CHj CO-(CHj)_ιn-Z¹ where m in the definition of R¹ is 0, 1 or 2; R² is H; R³ is -{CH^-indol-S-yl or -{CHak-NH- CO-O-t-Bu; R⁴ is H or -{CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R is 0; R⁵ is phenyl, o- OMe-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, t-Bu, -CJ KWs CO- H CW^-CO-O-t-Bu, dH(CH₃)₂-CO-NH CH₂)₃-imidazo»-1-yl_> -CΗtCHJ CO-NH-iCW^-pyήdin-Σ- l, CH(CH₃)₂-CO- ^CH^₃-4-morpholino₁ -CH(CHj) CO- H-{CHj>i)yridin-4- l or - CH(CH₃)₂-CO-NH-(CH₂)j-N,N-o5ethylamino; R* is H where V is ethyl, propyl. phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl. p-Cl-phenyl. p-Br-phenyl. p-F- phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl, p-CN-phβnyl. p- ₃-phenyl, p-phenyl-phenyl, 3- Me- -Ophenyl^, p-N.NH iethylamino-phenyl, 2,5-di-OMe-phenyl, 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, 3,4-di-F-phenyl, p-OCF₃-phenyl. p-benzyloxy-phenyl. p-pentyl-phenyl. 3,4,5-tri- Me- phenyl. 3-rttro-4-CI-phenyl, 3-CI-4-nitro-pheπyl, 3-nτethyl-5-<^lαO-benzothiophen-2- y . 2-benzofuranyl^, 3-benzothiophene, 3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl. 3-<2,4-di-CI-phenyi)- isoxazol-5-yl, 3-indolyl, 5-Br-thiophen-2-yl, naphthyl.

A¹ is -C<=Y)-X²;

Y is O: X² is -{CH^-Y^X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0; Y' is O: and X³ is t-Bu.

Another preferred compound of formula (I) is where R' and R² are taken together to form a compound of formula (lb) or (lc);

R³ is -{CHjJ-indol-3-yl, -<CH₂)-pneπyl. -(CH^-NH-CO-O-benzyi or -(CH^-NH_j; R^s is phenyl. o-OMe-pheπyi. p-OMe-phenyi, p-Br-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, t-Bu or

R⁷ is ethyl, propyl, phenyl, p-OMe-phenyi, p-O-phenyt, p-Br-phenyl, p-F-phenyl, p- nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl. p-CN-phenyl, p-N₃-pheπyl, p-phenyl-phenyl, 3-Me-4-Cl- phenyl, p-N.N→^jiewylaminc-phenyl, 2.5-di-OMe-phenyi. 3.4-di-Cl-phenyl, 3,4-di-F- phenyl. p-OCF₃-phenyl, p-benzyioxy-phenyl, p-pentyl-phenyl, 3,4,5-th-OMe-phenyl, 3-nitro-4-CI-phenyl, S-α-Ψ-nitro-phenyl, 3-me1hy»-5H*lc>ro-benzotiniophen-2-yl, 2- i^ezofuranyi. 3-benzothiophene, 3-phenyl-isoxazol-5-yl, 3-<2,4-di-α-phenyl)-isoxazol- 5-yt, 3-indoJyl, 5-Br-thiophen-2-yl, naphthyl,

In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a compound of the formula

OD.

(ll) the racemic-diastereomeric mixtures and optical isomers of said compound of formula

(II), the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or proαrogs thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said prodrug, wnerein represents an optional bond;

R¹ is H. -<CH₂)_ιn-C<OMCH₂),_n-Z\ -(CH^-Z¹. -{CH^-O-Z¹ or -(Co-C_β)aikyl-C(0)-NH-

(CH_j)_m-Z³;

Z¹ is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (C,- C,₂)alkyl. benzo[b]thiophene. phenyl, naphthyl, benzofbjfuranyl. thiophene;

isoxazolyl, indolyi, R² is H or (C,-C,)alkyl; or R¹ and R² are taken together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached to form a compound of formula (lla), (lib) or (He).

R³ is -(CH₂)_n-E-{CH₂)_ni-Z²;

E β O, S.-C(O)-, -C(0)-0-. -NH-C(O)-0-, -N(d-C,)alkyl-C(0)-0- or a bond; Z² is H. (C-CnJalkyi, amino. (d^_ta)aIkylam.no, N.N-dKd-CjjJalkylamino, (d- C₁₂)alkylguaπidino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi, imidazolyl, thiophene, benzothiophene. pyridiπyi and naphthyl;

A' is -C<=Y N(X¹X²), -C(=Y>X², -C(=NH)-X² or X²; Y is O or S;

X¹ is H, (d-C₁₂)alkyl, -(CH^-NH-fC-Oalkyl. -(CH^-N-dKC-Oalkyl or X² is -(CH^- '-X³ or optionally substituted (d-djalkyl:

Y¹ is 0, S, NH, C=0, ( -djjalkenyl having one or more double bonds, -NH-CO-, -CO-NH-. S0₂ or a bond; X³ is H, an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (C,-C,₂)alkyl, (C,-C₁₂)alkoxy. aryloxy, (d-C₁₂)alkylamino, N.N-oHd-dJalkylamino. -CH-dMd-d₂)afkoxy, pyrrolidinyl, pyridinyl, thiophene, imidazolyl. piperidinyi, piperazinyf, benzothiazoiyi, furanyl. indolyi, morpholino, benzorbjfuranyl, quinoTmyl, isoquinolinyl, -<CH₂)-,-phenyl, naphthyl. fluorenyl, phthalamidyi, pyrimidinyl.

or X¹ and X* are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of tniazoJyl,

Y² is CH-X⁴, N-X⁴, -C(X⁴X⁴), O or S.

X⁴ for each occurrence is independently H or Y³ is -C(OX -C(0)0- or a bond:

X* is hydroxy, (C,-C_l2)alkyl. amino, (d-CJ alkylamino. N.N-di-(d- C₁₂)alkyiamino. or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of aryl, ary d-C^alkyl, furanyl, pyridinyl, indolyi, piperidinyi. -CH(phenyl)₂,

R⁵ is (C,-C,₂)aikyl. (d-C alkyl-CtOJ-O-Z⁶, (C^^l yl-dOJ-NH-fCH^-Z³ or optionally substituted aryl;

Z³ for each occurrence is independently amino, (d-C^alkylamino, amino(d- C₁₂)aH yl, (Crd) cloalkylamino, amino(Cs-d)cycloalkyl, N^d-C^aJ ylamino, N,N- dKC,-Ci_!)alkylamfno, -NH-C^OKHCH^-phenyl, -NH-C 0)-O CHJ_B-<d-d)alky1, -CH(phenyl)j. (Crd)cycioaH y1,

optionally-substituted p enyMCH^-O-dOi-NH-^-C^alkyi-

C(0)-O-(C₁-C_β)alkyl or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of imidazolyl. pyridinyl, morpholino, piperidinyl, piperaziπyl, pyrazolidinyl, furanyl, phenyl, indolyi and thiophene, provided that when m is 0 in the formula for R^J then Z³ is not -NH- C(0)-0-{CH₂)„-phenyl or

R* is H or (d-CJalkyt;

R⁷ is (d-C₁₂)alkyl or -(CH^-Z⁴;

Z⁴ is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, indolyi, thiophene, benzo[b]furan, enzo[b]thιophene, isoxazolyl.

Z⁵ is H, (C.-C₁₂)aJkyl, or -{CH^-aryl; wherein an optionally substituted moiety is optionally substituted by one or more substituents. each independently selected from the group consisting of Cl. F, Br, I, CF₃. CN. N₃. N0₂, OH, SOjNHj. -OCF₃. (C,-C₁₂)alkoxy. -(CH^-phenyHX⁶)., -S-pheπyl-<X*)_n, -S^C^ al t, -0-(CH₂)_ffl-phenyHX⁶)n. -{CH^-C^O Hd-CJalkyl. -(CH^-dOM - C_β)alkyl,

X* for each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, Cl. F, Br. 1, N0₂, N,. CN. OH. -CF₃, -OCF₃, (d-C^alkyi, (d-C_t2)alkoxy,

X⁷ is -NH-C(=NH HI)-X\ wherein X* is thiophene, (d-C aB yl or phenyl; m for each occurrence is independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 6; and n for each occurrence is independently an integer from 1 to 5; provided that

(a) when R^s is (C,-C₁₂)afκyl. or - {0)-O-Z? and Z⁸ is (d-C^Byl or optionally substituted aryl; R* is H or (d-CJalkyl; R⁷ is (d-C,j)alkyl or Z⁴ and Z⁴ is thiophene or optionally substituted phenyl, then R³ is not -C(OKHCH₂)_ιn-Z where m is 0 and Z is H or (d-C₁₂)alkyl or where m is 1 to 6 and Z is H:

(b) when R* is (d-C₁₂)alkyl or optionally subsituted phenyl; R* is H or (d-d)alkyl; R⁷ is (d-d_jjalkyl and R³ is then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi, imidazolyl. thiophene, benzothiopnene. pyridinyl, and naphthyl; and

(c) when R^! is H or (C,-C₁₂)alkyl; R* is (C,-C,)alkyl: R⁷ is (C,-C₁₂)alkyl; and R³ is -O-Z² or -S-Z². then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, thiophene. benzothienyl and indolyi.

A preferred group of compounds of formula (II) Jiave the following formula:

wherein

Z³ is -CH₂-NH_2l -(CH_J NH_J, or ; and

X¹ is -{CH₂)₂-N(CH₃)₂ and X² is benzyl; or

X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, to form

Another preferred group of compounds of formula 0 have the following formula: wherein Z³ is

X' is -{CH rNfCH^ and X² is benzyl; or

X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, to form

Yet another preferred group of compounds of formula (II) have the following formula:

wherein X² is p-chtoro-pheπyi, p-methcxy-phenyl, 2,4-difhrørc-phenyi or thienyl.

Still another preferred group of compounds of formula (II) have the following formula: wherein X² is p-chloro-phenyl, p-methoxy-pheπyl, phenyl or thienyl.

Further still a preferred compound of formula (II) has the following formula:

Furtrer still another preferred compound of formula (11) has the following formula:

Further still another preferred group of compounds of formula (II) have the following formula:

wherein

R^$ iS and R^τ is m-nitro-phenyl or 2-phenyi-ethyl; or

is v and R⁷ is 3,4-dichlorophenyl or or

R⁵ is and R⁷ is 3,4-dichlorophenyl. in another aspect, this invention is directed to a pharmaceutical composition comprising one or more of a compound of formula (I) or formula (II), as defined hereinaoove. and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

:n another aspect, the present invention is directed to a- method of eliciting an agonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (I) or formula (11) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject. in another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of eliciting an antagonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or a p armaceuticatty acceptable salt thereof to said subject

In another aspect the present invention is directed to a method of binding one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating acromegaly, restenosis, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, external and internal pancreatic pseudocys s and ascites, VlPorna, nesidobtastosts, hyperirtsulinism, gastrinorna, Zolϋnger-EIfeon syndrome, diarrhea, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy related diarrhea, scleroderma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, pancreatitis, smafl bowel obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux, duodenogastric reflux, Cushing's Syndrome, gona otropinoma, hyperparathyroidism, Graves' Disease, diabetic neuropathy, Pagefs disease, polycystic ovary ofeease, cancer, cancer cachexia. hypotension, postprandial hypotension, panic attacks, GH secreting adenomas or TSH secreting adenomas, in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

In another aspect, the present invention is directed to a method of treating diabetes mellitus, hypertipidemia, insulin insensitivity. Syndrome X. angiopathy, proliferative retinopathy, dawn phenomenon, Nephropathy, peptic ulcers. enterocutaneous and pancreaticocutaneous fistula, Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, acute or chronic pancreatitis, gastroiπtestinai hormone secreting tumors, angiogenesis, inflammatory disorders, chronic allograft rejection, angioplasty. graft vessel bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (i) or formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

In another aspect the present invention is directed to a method of inhibiting the proliferation of helicobacter pylori in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound of formula (I) or formula (II) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to said subject Detailed Description of the Invention

One of ordinary skill wfll recognize that certain substituents listed in this invention may have reduced chemical stability when combined with one another or with heteroatoms in the compounds. Such compounds with reduced chemical stabiBty are not preferred. In general, the compounds of Formula I or II can be made by processes which include processes known in the chemical arts for the production of compounds. Certain processes for the manufacture of Formula I or II compounds are provided as further features of the invention and are illustrated by the following reaction schemes and examples. In the above structural formulae and throughout the instant appfication, the following terms have the indicated meanings unless expressly stated otherwise:

The alkyl groups are intended to induce those alkyl groups of the designated length in either a straight or branched configuration. Exemplary of such alkyl groups are methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, sec-butyl, tertiary butyl, peπtyl, isopeπtyl, hexyl, isohexyl and the like.

When the definition "Co-alky¹" occurs in the definition, it means a single covalent bond. The alkoxy groups specified above are intended to indude those alkoxy groups of the designated length in either a straight or branched configuration. Exemplary of such alkoxy groups are methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, isopropoxy, butoxy, isobutoxy, tertiary butoxy, peπtoxy, isopentoxy, hexoxy, isohexoxy and the like.

The term halogen or halo is intended to include the halogen atoms fluorine, chloπne, bromine and iodine.

The term cycloalkyl is intended to indude a mono-cydoalkyl group or a bi- cycioalkyl group of the indicated carbon number known to those of skill in the art.

The term aryl is intended to include aromatic rings known in the art, which can be mono-cyclic, bt-cydic or tri-cydic, such as phenyl, naphthyl and anthracene. The term heterocyde induces mono-cydic. bi-cydic and tri-cydic systems having one or more heteroatoms, such as oxygen, nitrogen and/or sulfur. The ring systems may be aromatic, for example pyπdine, indole, quinoϋne, pyrimidine, thiophene (aiso known as thienyl), furan, benzothiophene. tetrazole, dihydroindole, indazote, N- formyl^'mdole, benzimidazole. thiazole, and thiadiazoie. The ring systems may be non- aromatx:. for example pyrrolidine, piperidine, morpholine and the like.

The chemist of ordinary skill will recognize that certain combinations of hetercatom-coπtajning substituents listed in this invention define compounds which will be less stable under physiological conditions. Accordingly, such compounds are less preferred. When a chemical structure as used herein has an arrow emanating from it the arrow indicates the point of attachment. For example, the structure

is a pentyi group. When an arrow is drawn through a cyclic moiety, the arrow indicates that the cyclic moiety can be attached at any of the available

bonding points, for example means that the phenyl can be bonded ortho. meta or para to the X group. When an arrow is drawn through a bi-cydic or a tri-cycGc moiety, the arrow indicates that the bi-cydic or tri-cydic ring can be attached at any of the available bonding points in any of the rings, for example means that the indole is bonded either through the phenyl portion of the ring or the nitrogen containing ring portion.

The compounds of the instant invention have at least one asymmetric center as noted by the asterisk in the structural formula (I), (la) and (lb), above. Additional asymmetric centers may be present on the molecule depending upon the nature of the various substituents on the molecule. Each such asymmetric center will produce two optical isomers and it is intended that all such optical isomers. as separated, pure or partially purified optical isomers, racemic mixtures or diastereomeric mixtures thereof, be induced within the scope of the instant invention.

The instant compounds can be generally isolated in the form of their

-pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts, such as the salts derived from using inorganic and organic adds. Examples of such adds are hydrochloric, nitric, surfuήc, phosphoric, acetic, propionic. maleic, succinic, D-tartaric, l-tartaric, malonic. methane sulfonic and the fike. In addition, certain compounds containing an acidic function such as a carboxy can be isolated in the form of their inorganic salt in which the counter-ion can be selected from sodium, potassium, lithium, calcium, magnesium and the like, as well as from organic bases.

The pharmaceutically acceptable salts are formed by taking about 1 equivalent of a compound of formula (0 or (II) and contacting it with about 1 equivalent of the appropriate corresponding acid of the salt which is desired. Work-up and isolation of the resulting salt is weU-knσwn to those of ordinary skϋi in the art.

As is known in the art agonists and antagonists of somatostatin are useful for treating a variety of medical conditions and diseases, such as inhibition of H. pylori proliferation, acromegaiy, restenosis, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, external and internal pancreatic pseudocysts and ascites. VlPoma, nesidoblastosis, hyperinsulinism, gastrinoma, Zollinger-Efson Syndrome, diarrhea, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy related diarrhea, scleroderma. Irritable Bowel Syndrome, pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, gastroesophageaJ reflux, duodenogastric reflux and in treating erκJocnhotogical diseases and or conditions, such as Cushing/s Syndrome, goπadotropinoma, hyperparathyroidisrn, Graves' Disease, diabetic neuropathy, Paget's disease, and polycystic ovary disease; in treating various types of cancer such as thyroid cancer, hepatome, leukemia, meningioma and conditions associated with cancer such as cancer cachexia; ^"m the treatment of such conditions as hypotension such as orthostatic hypotension and postprandial hypotension and panic attacks; GH secreting adenomas (Acromegaiy) and TSH secreting adenomas. Activation of type 2 but not type 5 subtype receptor has been associated with treating prdactin secreting adenomas. Other indications associated with activation of the somatostatin subtypes are inhibition of insulin and/or giucagon and more particularly diabetes mellitus, hyperiipidernia, insulin insensitivity, Syndrome X, angiopathy, proCferative retinopathy, dawn phenomenon and Nephropathy; inhibition of gastric acid secretion and more particularly peptic ulcers, enterocutaneous and paπcreaticocutaneous fistula, Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, acute or chronic pancreatitis and gastrointestinal hormone secreting tumors; inhibition of angiogenesis, treatment of inflammatory disorders such as arthritis: chronic allograft rejection; angkjplasty; preventing graft vessel and gastrointestinal bleeding. Somatostatin agonists can also be used for decreasing body weight in a patient Accordingly, the compounds of the instant invention are useful for the foregoing methods.

Accordingly, the present invention induces within its scope pharmaceutical compositions comprising, as an active ingredient at least one of the compounds of Formula (I) or (II) in association with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

The compounds of this invention can be administered by oral, parenteral (e.g., intramuscular, iπtraperitoneal, intravenous or subcutaneous injection, or implant), nasal, vaginal, rectal, subiingua! or topical routes of administration and can be formulated with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers to provide dosage forms appropriate for each route of administration.

Solid dosage forms for oral administration induce capsules, tablets, piBs, powders and granules. In such sold dosage forms, the active compound is admixed with at least one inert pharmaceuticalry acceptable carrier such as sucrose, lactose, or starch. Such dosage forms can also comprise, as is normal practice, additional substances other than such inert dDuents, e.g., lubricating agerte such as magnesium stearate. In the case of capsules, tablets and pits, the dosage forms may also comprise buffering agents. Tablets and piBs can additionaBy be prepared with enteric coatings. Liquid dosage forms for oral administration indude pharmaceutically acceptable emulsions, solutions, suspensions, syrups, the elixirs containing inert diluents commoπry used in the art, such as water. Besides such inert diluents, compositions can also indude adjuvants, such as wetting agents, emulsifying and suspending agents, and sweetening, flavoring and perfuming agents.

Preparations according to this invention for parenteral administration indude sterile aqueous or non-aqueous solutions, suspensions, or emulsions. Examples of non-aqueous solvents or vehicles are propylene grycol, polyethylene glycol. vegetable oils, such as olive oil and com oil, gelatin, and injectable organic esters such as ethyl oleate. Such dosage forms may also contain adjuvants such as preserving, wetting, emulsifying, and dispersing agents. They may be sterilized by, for example, filtration through a baderia-retaining filter, by incorporating steriizjng agents into the compositions, by irradiating the compositions, or by heating the compositions. They can also be manufactured in the form_of sterile solid compositions which can be dissolved in sterile water, or some other sterile injectable medium immediately before use.

Compositions for rectal or vaginal administration are preferably suppositories which may contain, in addition to the active substance, exα^'pients such as coca butter or a suppository wa Compositions for nasal or suWingual administration are also prepared with standard ex pients well known in the art

Further, a compound of this invention can be administered in a sustained release composition such as those described in the following patents. U.S. Patent No. 5,672.659 teaches sustained release compositions comprising a bioactive agent and a polyester. U.S. Patent No. 5,595,760 teaches sustained release compositions comprising a bioactive agent in a gelabie form. U.S. Application No. 08/929,363 fifed September 9, 1997, teaches polymeric sustained release compositions comprising a bioactive agent and chitosan. U.S. Application No. 08/740,778 filed November 1, 1996, teaches sustained release compositions comprising a bioactive agent and cydodextrin. U.S. Application No. 09015,394 fSed January 29, 1998. teaches absorbable sustained release compositions of a bioactive agent The teachings of the foregoing patents and applications are incorporated herein by reference.

In general, an effective dosage of active ingredient in the compositions of this invention may be varied; however, it is necessary that the amount of the active ingredient be such that a suitable dosage form is obtained. The selected dosage depends upon the desired therapeutic effed. on the route of administration, and on the duration of the treatment all of which are within the realm of knowledge of one of ordinary skill in the ar Generally, dosage levels of between 0.0001 to 100 mg kg of body weight dairy are administered to humans and other animals, e.g., mammals.

A preferred dosage range ^"ts 0.01 to 10.0 mg/kgof body weight daily, which can be administered as a single dose or divided into multiple doses.

Compounds of the instant invention can be and were assessed for its ability to bind to a somatostatin subtype receptor according to the following assays. Human somatostatin subtype receptor binding studies:

The affinity of a compound for human somatostatin subtype receptors 1 to 5 (sst,, sst₂, sst₃, sst, and sst,, respectively) is determined by measuring the inhibition of f²⁵!- Tyr'^SRlF-14 binding to CHO-K1 transfected cells.

The human sst, receptor gene was doned as a genomic fragment. A 1.5 Kb Psfl-Xmπl segment ccntaing 100 bp of the 5'-untranslated region, 1.17 Kb of the entire coding region, and 230 bp of the 3'-untransiated region was modified by the Bglll linker addition. The resulting DNA fragment was subdoned into the BamHI site of a pCMV-81 to produce the mammalian expression plasmid (provided by Dr. Graeme Bell, Univ. Chicago). A clonai ceil line stably expressing the sst, receDtor was obtained by transfection into CHO-K1 cells (ATCC) using the caldum phosphate co-preσprtation method (1). The plasmid pRSV-neo (ATCC) was induded as a sete abte marker. Clonai cell lines were selected in RP l 1640 media containing 0.5 mg/ml of G418 (Gibco), ring doned, and expanded into culture.

The human sst_: somatostatin receptor gene, isolated as a 1.7Kb BamHI-H/πdlll genomic DNA fragment and subcloned into the plasmid vedor pGEM3Z (Promega), was kindly provided by Dr. G. Bell (Univ. of Chicago). The mammalian cell expression vector is constructed by inserting the 1.7Kb SamH1 -Hindi fragment into compatible restriction endonudease sites in the plasmid pCMV5. A donal cei line is obtained by transfection into CHO-K1 eels using the calcium phosphate co-predpftation method. The plasmid pRSV-neo is induded as a selectable marker.

The human sst₃ was isolated at genomic fragment and the complete coding sequence was contained within a 2.4 Kb Baπ WHindlW fragment The mammalian expression plasmid. pCMV-h3 was cxsnstructed by inserting the a 2.0 Kb /Vcoi-HJindlll fragment into the EcoRI site of the pCMV vector after modification of the ends and addition of EcoRI linkers. A donal cell line stably expressing the ss^ receptor was obtained by transfection into CHO-K1 cells (ATCC) using the caldum phosphate co- predpitation method. .The plasmid pRSV-neo (ATCC) was induded as a selectable marker. Clonai cell Hnes were selected in RP I 1640 media containing 0.5 mg ml of G418 (Gibco). ring doned, and expanded into culture.

The human ss receptor expression plasmid, pCMV-HX was provided by Dr. Graeme Bell (Univ. Chicago). The vedor contains the 1.4 Kb Nhe\-Nhe) genomic fragment encoding the human ssti. 456 bp of the 5'-uπtranslated region and 200 bp of the 3'-untranstated region, done into the Xcal EcoR1 sites of PCMV-HX. A donal cell line stably expressing the sst. receptor was obtained by transfection into CHO-K1 ceHs (ATCC) using the catcium phosphate co-precipitation method. The plasmid pRSV-neo (ATCC) was included as a selectable marker. Clonai cell lines were seteded in RPMI 1640 media containing 0.5 mg/ml of G418 (Gibco), ring cloned, and expanded into culture, The human sstj gene was obtained by PCR using a λ genomic done as a template, and kindly provided by Dr. Graeme Bell (Univ. Chicago). The resulting 1.2 Kb PCR fragment contained 21 base pairs of the 5 -untranslated region, the full coding region, and 55 bp of the 3'-untranslated region. The done was inserted into EcoRI site of the plasmid pBSSK(+). The insert was recovered as a 1.2 Kb H/ndlll-Xbal fragment for subdoning into pCVM5 mammalian expression vector. A dona, cell line stably expressing the SST₅ receptor was obtained by transfection into CHO-K1 cells (ATCC) using the caldum phosphate co-predpitatiori method. The plasmid pRSV-neo (ATCC) was induded as a selectable marker. Clonai cell fines were selected in RPMI 1640 media containing 0.5 mg ml of G418 (Gfoco), ring doned, and expanded into culture. CHO-K1 cells stablie expressing one of the human sst receptor are grown in RPM1 1640 containing 10% fetal calf serum and 0.4 mg/ml genetidn. Cells are coflected with 0.5 mM EDTA, and centrifuged at 500 g for about 5 min. at about 4^*C. The pellet is resuspended in 50 mM Tris, pH 7.4 and centrifuged twice at 500 g for about 5 min. at about 4*C. The cells are lysed by sonication and centrifuged at 39000 g for about 10 min. at about 4'C. The pellet is resuspended in the same buffer and centrifuged at 50000 g for about 10 min. at about 4^*C and membranes in resulting pellet are stored at - 80*C.

Competitive inhibition experiments of [^,2st-Tyr"]SRIF-1 bincϊng are run in duplicate in polypropylene 96 well plates. Cell membranes (10 μg proteinAvefi) are incubated with f²⁵?-Tyr"JSRIF-14 (0.05 nM) for about 60 min. at about 37'C in 50 mM HEPES (pH 7.4), 0.2% BSA. 5 mM MgO,. 200 KJU/ml Trasyld, 0.02 mg/ml bacitradn and 0.02 mg/ml ptenylmethylsulphonytflucride.

Bound from free r^2S1-Tyτ"lSRlF-14 is separated by immediate filtration through

GF/C glass fiber filter plate (UnifSter, Packard) presoaked with 0.1 % potyethytenimine (P.E.I.). using Filtermate 196 (Packard) cell harvester, niters are washed with 50 mM

HEPES at about 0-4^*C for about 4 sec. and assayed for radioactivity using Packard Top

Count

Specific binding is obtained by subtracting nonspecific binding (determined in the presence of 0.1 μM SRIF-14) from total binding. Binding data are analyzed by computer- assisted nonlinear regression analysis (MDL) and inhibition constant (Ki) values are determined.

The determination of whether a compound of the instant invention is an agonist or an antagonist is Determined by the following assay. Functional assay: Inhibition of cAMP ^"intracellular production: CHO-K1 Cells expressing human somatostatin (SRIF-14) subtype receptors are seeded in 24-well tissue culture mulbdishee in RPM1 1640 media with 10% FCS and 0.4 mg ml geneticm. The medium is changed the day before the experiment

Cells at 10* cells well are washed 2 times by 0.5 ml and fresh RPMI with 0.2% BSA supplemented with 0.5 mM (1) 3-isobutyt-1 -methytxanthine (IBMX) and incubated for about 5 mm at about 37^*C.

• Cyclic AMP production is stimulated by the addition of 1mM forskolin (FSK) for about 15-30 minutes at about 37*C.

• The agonist βffed of a compound is measured by the simultaneous addition of FSK (1μM) . SRIF-14 (10¹² M to 10"* M) and a test compound (10"° M to 10"⁵ M). • The antagonist effed of a compound is measured by the simultaneous addition of FSK (1μM) , SRIF-14 (1 to 10 nM) and a test compound (10^w M to 10"⁵ M).

The reaction medium is removed and 200 ml 0.1 N HO ts added. cAMP is measured using radioimmunoassay method (Kit FlashPlate SMP001A, New England Nudear). The compounds of the instant invention are synthesized according to the following procedures and examples.

SYNTHESIS OF BROMOKETONES : General Procedure: Two different methods can be applied: starting either from a carboxylic acid or an aryketone. First method: Starting from a carboxyfic acid (Macholan, L; Skursky. L, Chem listy, 1955, 49, 1385-1388. Bestman, H.J., Seng, F.. Chem. Ser., 1963, 96. 465-469).

A carboxylic acid is first converted into an acyl chloride using cxalyl chloride or thionyl chloride or activated as a mixed anhydride with an alkylchloroformate

(isobutylchloroformate (Krantz, A., Copp, LJ., Biochemistry, 1991, 30, 4678-4687) or ethyichloroformate (Podlech, J., Seebach, D., Liebigs Ann., 1995, 1217-1228)) in the presence of a base (triethylamine or N-methyl morpholine).

The activated carboxyl group is then transformed into a diazoketone using ethereal diazomethane or trimethylsilyldiazomethane (Aoyama, T., Shiori. T., Chem. Pharm. Bull, 1981. 29, 3249-3255) in an aprotic solvent such as diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran or acetonitrile.

The bromination is then carried out using a brominating agent such as HBr in acetic add, hydrobromic acid in water or in diethyl ether. Preparation 1

1-Bm c-^4-chlorc-i^erκ}χy}-3-nτethyi-ύυtan-2-one :

To a solution of chloro-4-phenoxy-2-isobutyric add (2.15 g, 10 mmol) in 10 ml of anhydrous dichloromethane at about 0*C were added oxatyi chloride (5.5 ml , 11 mmoi of a 2M solution in dichloromethane) and DMF (2 drops, catalytic amount) via a septum under nitrogen atmosphere. The solution was stirred and allowed to warm up to room temperature over about 3 hrs. Concentration under reduced pressure afforded the crude acid chloride which was used directly without further purification. The acytehlonde was added dropwise at about 0^*C to a solution of TMSCHN, (11 ml, 22 mmoT) in THF-aeetonitrile (1:1, 10 ml). The rnixture was stirred at about 25^*C for about 1 hour and then evaporated in vacua

A solution of the diazoketone in dichloromethane (10 ml) was added dropwise during about 10 minutes to a vigorously stirred mixture of concentrated hydrobromic add (5 ml) in dichloromethane (20 ml). Nitrogen was evolved and a slight temperature rise occurred. After stirring for about a further 10 min., the mixture was diluted and the organic layer was washed with water (3 times 20 ml), dried over magnesium sulfate and evaporated. Flash chromatography of the residue eluting with AcOEt/Heptane ( :4) afforded the desired product with a yield of 79% (2.3g).

Η-NMR in CDCI₃ (100 MHz) δ: 7.05 (m. 4 H, arom. H). 4.41 (s. 2 H, CJ-y, 1.53 (s, 6H. 2 CH₃).

Preparations 2-6

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Preparation 1 :

O

Second method: Starting from a methyl ketone

A methyl ketone is converted to a bromoketone by using different brominating agents:

- CuBr₂ (King, LC, Ostrum, G.K.. J. Org. Chem., 1964, 29. 3459-3461) heated in AcOEt or dioxane.

- N-bromosuccinimide in CCI«.

• Bromine in gladal acetic acid or sulfuric acid.

- Phenyttrimethylammonium tribromide (Sanchez, J. P . Parcell, R. P.. J . Heterocycle Chem., 1988. 25, 469-474) at 20-80 ^*C in an aprotic solvent such as THF. - Use of a polymer supported brominating agent such as perbromide on Ambertyst A- 26, poty(vinyipyridinium hydrobromide perbromide) resin (Frechet. J. M. J., Farrall, M. J., J. Macfomol. Sci. Chem., 1977, 507-514) in a protic solvent such as methanoi at about 20-35'C for about 2-100 h.

Preparation 7 1 -Bromc-2-(3, 4, 5-tnmethoxy-pheny1)-ethanone :

To-a solution of 3.4.5-tπmethoxyacetophenone (2.1 g, 10 mmof) in methanoi (30 ml) was added pyridine hydrobromide perbromide polymer (1.4 eq). The resulting mixture was shaken at room temperature for about 2 hours and the reaction was stopped by filtration. The polymer was washed with methanoi and the filtrate was evaporated in vacυo. The product was then purified by flash chromatography

(AcOEt/Heptane, 1:4) affording 1.5 g (53% ) of a white solid.

¹H-NMR in CDCl, (100 MHz) δ : 7.2 (s. 2H, H arom.), 4.4 (s, 2H, CHJ. 3.9 (m, 9H, 3

OCH,). Preparations 8-17

The folowing compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Preparation 7: O

*

SYNTHESIS OF IMIDAZOYL COMPOUNDS :

General Procedure: An amino add is transformed to its cesium salt using cesium carbonate in a pdar solvent such as DMF HjO (1:1) or EtOH HjO (1:1). An ester is then obtained using an appropriate bromoketone in a polar aprotic solvent such as dry DMF. The cesium bromide formed is filtered off and ammonium acetate is added in an aprotic solvent having a high boiling point such as xylene or toluene or in a probe acidic solvent such as acetic acid. The mixture is refluxed using a Dean-Stark trap for about 0.5-10 hours. In the scheme immediately below, PG is a protecting group, preferably a carbamate, such as t-Boc or benzyl carbamate.

Example 1 2-{(1S)-1-[lertbutoxycarbonylami∞}-2-[(1 H)-indc-3-yl]ethyl}-4-<2- ethoxyphenyl)- 1 H- nidazole :

A sdution of Boc-(D,L)-Trp-OH (10 g, 32.8 mmol) and cesium carbonate (0.5 eq., 5.34 g) in EtOH HjO (1:1, 70 ml) was shaken for about 30 minutes at room temperature, and then concentrated in vacυo at about 4CC.

To the resulting salt in 40 mL of dry DMF was added 40ml of a solution of 2- bromo-2'-methoxyacetophenone (7.66 g, 1 eq.) in dry DMF. The mixture was stirred for about 1 hr at room temperature under argon and then concentrated under reduced pressure. Ethyl acetate was added (100 ml), the mixture filtered, and the CsBr washed with ethyl acetate. The filtrate was then concentrated under reduced pressure.

A solution of the foregoing fβtrate and ammonium acetate (50.5 g, 20 eq.) in xylene (240 ml) was refluxed for about 3 hours at about 150^*C. Excess NH₄OAc and H_zO were removed using a Dean-Stark trap. The progress of the reaction was monitored by Ll.c. eJueπt CHj&VMeOH, 95:5). The mixture was then concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (100 mi) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO, sdution until basic pH, and with brine until neutral pH. The organic layer was then dried over MgSO,, and concentrated under reduced pressure. ^ i rffication of. the resulting residue by flash chromatography (elueπt: CH₂Cl₂.MeOH, 95:5) afforded the desired compound (8.7 g, yield: 61%). 'H-NMR (CDCI* 100 MHz) δ: 8.00 (s, 1H, NH). 7.80 (m, 2H, arom. H), 720 (m, 9H. arom. H, NH). 5.40 (m, 1H, NH). 5.10 (m, 1H, CH), 3.80 (s, 3H, OCH₃). 3.50 (m. 2H. CH₂). 1.50 (s. 9H, 6 CH,). LC MS : m z = 433.3 (M+H).

Example 2 N-[2-tertbιΛcxycartonyiamino ethyq-2^-[(1$)-1-(tertbutoxycamoπylam^ indof-3-yl)ethyfplH-imidazol-4-yl}-isobutyramid :

A solution of the 2-{2-{(lS)-1-<tertburoxyt»rbonylamino)-2-(indol-3-yl)ethyl}-1H-imidazol- 4-yi)-2-methyl-propionic aαd-methyi ester 1 (2.6g, 6 mmol), (prepared according to the procedure described in Example 1) and LiOH.H_ϊO (1.7g, 6.6 eq.) in THF (50 ml) were stirred at about 80^*C for about 3 hours. The progress of the reaction was monitored by tl.c (CH₂CI₂:MeOH, 95:5). The resulting mixture was then concentrated in vacυo. About 50 ml of water was added to the residue which was then a dified with glacial acetic acid until about pH 5. The product of the reaction was then extracted with ethyl acetate (3 x 50 ml) and washed with brine until neutral pH. The organic layer was dried with MgSO«, and concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting intermediate 2 was obtained after crystallization in diethyi ether with a yield of 80% (2g). 'H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ: 10.9 (s, 1H. NH). 7.1 (m. 7H. arom. H, NH). 5.00 (m. 1H, CH). 3.3 (m. 2H, CHJ. 1.3 (m. 15H, 5 CH,). LC/MS : m z = 525.1 (M+TFA). m z = 413.2 (M+H). The 2-{2-{(1S)-1-<tertfxrtoxycarbonytamirrø)-2^^ 4-yT)-2-methyl-propionic acid 2 can be activated prεferentialy by carbony jϊmidazole in an aprotic solvent such as THF or DMF at about 20-100*C for about 1-4 hours.

A solution of the acid 2 (1g. 2.4 mmol) and carbonyldumidazole (0.39g, 14 mmol) in dry THF (20 ml) was shaken for about 1 hour at room temperature (25'C).

N-Boc-ethylene-diamine (0.43g, 2.7 mmol) was added and the mixture was shaken for about 1 hour at about 25^*C.

The mixture was diluted in ethyl acetate (100 ml) and washed with saturated aqueous NaHC0₃ solution (2 x 50 ml) and brine until neutral pH. The organic layer was then dried over MgSO«, and concentrated in vacua

Purification of the resulting residue by flash-chromatography (in CH_jCI₂ :MeOH. 95:5) afforded the desired product 3 with a yield of 77% (1g).

¹H-NMR (400 MHz, DMSO) δ : 11.6 (s. 1H. NH), 10.7 (s, 1H, NH). 7.00 (m, 9H, arom. H. NH), 4.8 (m. 1H, CH), 3.00 (m. 6H, 3 Chy, 1.3 (m, 24H, 8 CH . LC MS : m/z = 667.3 (M+TFA), 555.3 (M+H).

Examples 3-1178 The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Exampie 1 or 2 using the appropriate starting materals, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those ^' skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³. R⁵ shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (PG (2 substitueπtsJR³ (12 substituents)(R^s (49 substituents)) _ = 1176.

PG can also be hydrogen in the foregoing formula. R³ :

3≤ •

>^ MeO-^ H.N^ Br-^

^* for this substftuem, the corresponding Rn tazoie derivative was obtained after deprotection via caUlytic hydrogenat w of tht beπzytoxyphenyl substituent " for the sub^βtitueπt, the corres ponding imi azote derivative was obtained after deprotection via catalytic hydrogenation of the πitrophenyl substituent z³-.

*> _^ζl^{^}Xi ^Q "-

-N. r ' ^ U ^0

SYNTHESIS OF AMIDES FROM IMIDAZOYL INTERMEDIATES

General procedure: Carboxylic acids are activated overnight at room temperature with carbonyldiirnidazole in an aprotic solvent such as chloroform, THF or TΗF/DMF before addition of an amino starting material as shewn above followed by a further 12-15 hours of sti ng. The excess acylating agent is quenched with aminomethylated resin for about 12-15 hours and then purified on silica gel pad with dichloromethane or ethyl acetate as eluent

For proteded basic derivatives (R^ (CH₂)₄NHBoc and or X¹ containing NHBoc group), the corresponding deproteded compounds were obtained after treatment under acidic condition (DCM TFA 10%) to remove the Boc group.

Example 1179 2^(lS)-1-[(2-Fυ/anyi)carbonylammo]-2-fmdoi-3-y1]ethyi}-4-phenyi-1H-imi^^

2-Furancarbcxylic add (12.6 mg, 0.11 mmol) was activated overnight at about

22*C with caTbonykJumidazole (0.11 mmol, 0.2M in chJorofomi). 2-{(1 S)-1-Amino-2- fιrκiol-3^Qethyf}-4-phenyl-1H-imioazole (0.1 mmol, 0.5M in chloroform) was added to the media and the mixture was stirred for about 12 hours at about 22^*C. Aminomethylated resin was then added (50-60 mg, 1.2 mmol/g, Novabiochem) in order to quench the excess of acylating agent for about 12 hours. Purification on sica gel pad

(200 mg, Adtech) with ethyl acetate as eluent gave the expeded product (37.2 mg, 94%). Η-NMR (CDCl-,, 100MHz) δ: 8.36 (br s. 1H) ; 7.67-6.4 (m, 16H) ; 5.48 (qd, J=7.1Hz, 1H) ; 3.6 (ABX system, 2H). LC/MS : m z = 397 (M+H).

Examples 1180 - 3615 The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 1179 using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commerα^'al sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³. R* and X², shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (4 substituents))(R⁵ (7 substituents))(X^J (87 substituents)) a 2436.

93-

X².

SYNTHESIS OF UREAS AND THIOUREAS FROM IMIDAZOYL INTERMEDIATES From isocyanates and isothiocyanate*:

Y is O or S

General procedure: Isocyanates or isothiocyaπates are shaken overnight at room temperature with an imidazoyl intermediate in an aprotic solvent like dichioromethane, chloroform or chloroform/DMF. The reaction is quenched by addition of aminomethylated resin for about 12-15 hours and purified on sSca gel pad with ethyl acetate as eluent

For protected basic derivatives (R³ = (CH^NHBoc), the corresponding deproteded compounds were obtained after treatment under acidic condition (DCM TFA 10%) to remove the Boc group.

Example 3616 imidazole ( ^FJIfi, MW=457.49):

2,6-Difluorophenylisocyanate (36 μL, 0.3 mmol) and 2-{(1R 1-aminc-2-[indol-3- yl]ethyl]-4-p enyl-1 H-imidazole (60.4 mg, 0.2 mmol) were stirred overnight in 2 mL of anhydrous dichloromethane. Filtration and purification by flash chromatography on silica gel (ethyl acetate heptane 1 :1 as eluent) afforded the expeded produd as a white powder (27 mg, 30%). ^'H-NMR (DMSO D_β, 400MHz) δ: 12.03 (s. 1H) ; 10.77 (s, 1H) ; 8.47 (s. 1H) ; 8.1 (dd. 1H) ; 7.8-6.92 (m. 14H) ; 5.11 (dd, J=7 and 14Hz. 1H) ; 3.3 (m. 2H). LC/MS : m/z = 458 (M+H).

Examples 3617 - 4435 The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 3616. using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Eacn combination of R³. R^s, and X² with Y is O or X² with Y is S, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (3 substituents))(R^s (7 substitueπts))(X² (39 substituents)) = 819.

>3.

c c fjy X² when Y is O:

'--o z. ^Nr°2 zv O β' x χ2 when Y is S:

From carbamate intermediates and primary and secondary amines:

General Procedure. The preparation of carbamate intermediates is described in the literature (Takeda, . et al., Tetrahedron Letters 1983, 24, 4569-4572; Nimura, N. et al.. Anal. Chem. 1986, 58, 2372-2375) from amino derivatives and N.N'- disucdnimidylcarbonate in acetonitriie at room temperature.

Example 4436 2^(1Rh1-l( b^iαxo-1-pyrroliύinyioxy)carbc^y1aτm^^ imidazole ;

302.4 mg (1 mmol) of 2-{(lP)-1-amino-2-[indol-3-yl]ethyi}-4-phenyl-1H-ιmidazde previously dissolved in 20 mL of anhydrous acetonitrile was adαed dropwise to a solution of N.N'-disuccinimidylcarbσπate (528 mg. 2 mmol, DSC) in 20 mL of anhydrous acetonitrile during 1.5 hour. After a further 4 nours of stirring at room temperature, the solvent was evaporated in vacuo anά the residue redissolved in 30 mL of chloroform. Excess DSC was then discarded and the organic layer washec wrtn water (4x30 L). dπec over MgSO. and concentrated to octain a brown solid (215 mg-, 49%). ¹H-NMR (CDC!,. 100 MHz) δ: 8.22 (brs, 1H) ; 8.1-7.08 (m. 12H) ; 5.9 (br s, 1H) ; 4.97 (dd. J=3.6 and 9.3Hz. 1H) ; 3.75 (dd. J=3.6 and 14.8Hz. im . 3.06 (dd, J=9.7 and 146Hz, 1H) : 2.96 (s. 2H) ; 2.89 (s, 2H). LC/MS : m z = 329 ((M+H>-SuOH.

General procedure: A primary or seconcary amine is stirred for acout 2-15 hours at room temperature with a carbamate intermediate in an aprotic sotvent like acetonitrile. Tetrahydrofuran and aminomethylated resin are then added and the reaction is then stirred for about 12-15 hours. Ureas are isolated after filtration, rinsed with ethyl acetate and evaporated in vacuo.

For protected basic derivatives (R³ = (CH^NHBoc), the corresponding deproteded compounds were obtained after treatment under acidic condition (DCM TFA 10%) to remove the Boc group.

Example 4437 2- (^,f/? f- tBe ιz tfa />7θ C3/i>c^^ (Q-jWasVjO, MW=435.53):

Benzylamine (5 μL, 50 mmol) and 2^(1 ?)-1-amir >-2-[irxlol-3-yl]ethyrH-phenyt- 1H-imidazde (24 mg, 54 mmol) were stirred for about 2 hours at room temperature in anhydrous acetonitrile. Aminomethylated resin (50 mg, 0.75 mmol/g. Novabiochem) was then added and after further stirring overnight, the titie produd was obtained by filtration on silica gel pad (200 mg) and evaporated in vacuo as a brown powder (20 mg, 92%). Η-NMR (DMSO D„ 100 MHz) δ: 10.8 (br s, 1H) ; 7.9-6.88 (m, 17H) ; 6.53 (m, 2H) ; 5.12 (dd, J=6 and 14.6Hz, 1H) ; 4.28 ( , 2H) ; 3.25 (m, 2H). LC MS : mfe = 436 (M+H).

Examples 4438 - 8469

The following compounds were prepared analogousiy to the procedure described for Example 4437, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³, R⁵ and NX'X², shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (3 substituentsJXR⁵ (12 substitueπtsJXNX'X² (112 substituents)) = 4032.

XⁿX²N:

Secondary tminaM

O LO ,cα;-^{* x}ouo £

oChtral

<? rTN-N '— -f V-' N

^•"ό

SYNTHESIS OF SECONDARY AMINES BY REDUCTIVE AMINATIONS OF IMIDAZOLYL INTERMEDIATES

(Kardor, S.W. 5. Siegel, M.G. ; Fritz, J.E. ; Dressman. B ; Hahn, P.J. Tetrahedron Letters 1996, 37, 7193-7196)

General procedure: Condensation of aldehydes with an imidazolyl intermediate in a protic solvent like methanoi yields imines which are reduced in presence of AMBERLITE® IRA-400 borohydride. The slurry is then shaken overnight and the excess amino intermediate is quenched by addition of dichloromethane and aldehyde Wang resin. After further overnight stirring, the mixture is filtered, evaporated and purified on silica gel pad with ethyl acetate as eluent

For protected basic derivatives (R³ = (CH^NHBoc), the corresponding deproteded compounds were obtained after treatment under acidic condition (DCM TFA 10%) to remove the Boc group. Example 8470

2^(lR)-1-[(4^ethoxybenzyl)amirκ>}-2^ndol-3-yηethy1}-^rιenyl-1 (CgHgflA MW=422.54):

2-{(1r^1-Amino-2-0rxJo 3- qefr^^ (36.3 mg, 0.12 mmol) and p-an^'isaldehyde (12 μL, 0.1 mmol) in 1 mL of methanoi were shaken for about 2 hours at about 22*C. Borohydride resin (76 mg, 2.5 mmol g, AMBERUTE® IRA-400) was then added and the slury was stirred ovemight before adcδtion of dkΛk omethane (1 mL) and aldehyde Wang resin (31 mg. 3.22 mmol/g, Novabiochem). After about 8 hours of stirring, the slurry was then filtered and evaporated in vacuo to give a yellow solid (32.2 mg. 76%). 'H-NMR (CDC4,, 100MHz) δ: 8.86 (br s. 1H); 7.73-6.68 ( , 15H) ; 4.62 (s, 1H) ; 4.33 (dd. J=4.7 and 8.5Hz, 1H) ; 3.81 (», 2H) ; 3.74 (s, 3H) ; 3.27 (ABX

5 system, 2H) ; 2.26 ($, 1H). LC MS : m z = 423 (M+H).

Examples 8471 - 9331 The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 8470, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commerdal sources or synthesized according to methods known to those

10 skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³, R⁵ and A¹, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (3 substituents))(R⁵ (7 substituents))(X² (41 substituents)) = 861.

-15 R³:

s.

A¹:

MeO^^^~_^N

H O

SYNTHESIS OF AMIDINES BY CONDENSATION OF AN IMIDAZOLYL WITH

THIOIMIDATES

A series of thioimidates were previously synthesized by condensation of thioamides and iodomethane in acetone at room temperature. The predpitate was colleded and then rinsed with acetone. Thioimidates so formed were used without further purification.

General procedure: Thioimidates are stirred overnight at room temperature with an amino intermediate in 2-proρanoi or 2-propanol/DMF before addition of tetrahydrofuran and aminomethylated resin. Further stirring overnight followed by filtration and washing with ethyl acetate yields an iodohydrate amidine after evaporation in vacuo.

For proteded basic derivatives (R³ = (CH^NHBoc), the corresponding deprotected compounds were obtained after treatment under acidic condition (DCM TFA 10%) to remove the Boc group.

Example 9332 2-tf?/? -H( -7h^ /(jm/noJme-h^ nydroiodid (C^H^NsS.HI, MW=539.43) :

2-{(1R 1-Amirκ>-2-0r k)l-3-yr]etiτyI}-4-pheryμiH→ (15.1 mg, 0.05 mmol) and S-metrryf-2-thtoprter)e1h xaftxximide rrydroiodide (13 mg, 0.06 mmol) were shaken in 1 L of 2-propanol for about 16 hours. Aminornethylated resin (50 mg, 1.31 mmol g, Novabiochem) was then added and after further stirring overnight, a brown solid (19.8 mg, 84%) was isolated by filtration and evaporation in vacuo. ¹H-NMR (MeOD, 100MHz) δ: 8.15 (m, 1H) ; 7.84-6.96 (m, 13H) ; 5.3 (m, 1H) ; 3.61 (m, 2H). LC MS :m/z = 412 (M+H). Examples 9333 - 9920

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 9332, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commerdaJ sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³, R^s and X², shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (7 substituents))(R⁵ (7 substituents))(X² (12 substituents)) = 588.

R⁵:

x²-.

SYNTHESIS OF AMIDINES BY CONDENSATION OF AN ANILINE WITH

THIOIMIDATES

Examples 9921 - 9926

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 9332, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commerdai sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each ∞rrtbination of R⁴ and X⁷, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R⁴ (2 substituents))(X⁷ (3 substituents)) = 6.

_*••►.. X

*" Cr

IMIDAZOLE DERIVATIVES Λ/-ALK σYLATION

General procedure: A solution of an imkjazole intermediate, an alkylating agent such as an α-bromoketone, an α-bromoester, an aryl or alkyl bromide or a surfdnyl chloride, in the presence of an organic or non-organic base which can be or not be supported on a resin such as polystyrene resin, in an aprotic solvent like THF, CH,CN, DMF is heated at 20-80^*C for 2-48 hours. The resulting tV-alkylated compound can be isolated either by aqueous work-up followed by flash chromatography on silica gel, or by addition to the reaction mixture of a nudeophile supported on polymer (to trap the excess of electrophile) such as aminomethyl or thiomethyl polystyrene resin fdtowed by filtration and then rapid purification of the resulting residue on a silica gel pad (using Alltech silica cartridge and Alltech manifold).

Example 9927 2_'{1(S 1, 1-Dinwthyle oxy)carbonylamirκ>}-2^henyiemyi]-1-(2^xo^utyf)^^ 1H-imidazole

To a solution of 2-[1(SH(¹.1^^m^y^te^^)^cart3OTyt^arτ*^w^ phenyHH-imidazole (100 mg, 1eq) in DMF (2 mL) were successivery added morpholinomethyi polystyrene resin (Novabiochem, loading : 3.51 mmol/g, 159 mg, 2 eq) and 1-bromo-2-butaπone (28 mL, 2 eq). After about 18 hours of stirring at about 20*C, 2 mL DMF were added to the reaction mixture foHowed by aminomethylporystyrene resin (Novabieochem, loading : 1.73 mmol/g, 319 mg). The mixture was stirred ovemight at 20^*C and filtered. The fStrate was concentrated under reduced pressure and then purified by a rapid filtration on a silica gef pad (Afltech siica cartridges) with ethylacetate as eluent to yield 107 mg (90% yield) of the title compound. NMR ( H, 400 MHz, CDCy δ: 7.80-6.98 (m, 11H, arom. H), 5.45 (d, 1H, NH). 4.80 (m, 1H. CH), 4.40 (AB, J = 18Hz, NCtf^O). 3.33 (m, 2H, CH-Ph), 2.25 (m, 2H. CH_JCH_J), 1.0 (L 3H, CH₃). LC/MS : calculated MW = 433.5, m/z = 434.2 (M+H), m z = 432.2 (M-H).

Examples 9928 - 12307 The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 9927, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skiled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R³, R⁵ and R¹, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R¹ (34 substituents {see definitions of Z^JXR³ (5 substituents))(Rⁱ (14 substituents)) = 2380.

R³:

^*ln case of bromide derivatives, cesium carbonate was used instead of morpholinornethylpolystyrene resin and thiomethyl resin was used instead of aminomethylresin.

IMIDA20-PYRAZ1NES

General procedure: Intermediate (a) is treated with an addic solution preferrably TFA in DCM at about 20-30^*C for about 1-4 hours. The mbrture is then concentrated under reduced pressure to afford a dihydrcπmidazo-pyrazine. Example 12308 , 8-Dihydro-β-(3-indoryl)mθthyf-2, 6-diphenyl-imidazo[1 , 2-a]pyrazine :

A solution of 2-[1(SH1.1^iniethylethoxy)carbonylarnino}-2-(3-indolyl)ethyll-1- (benzoylmethyl)-4-phenyl-1H-imidazole (prepared as described previously) (100 mg) in a mixture of 10% TFA in DCM (1.3 mL) was stirred for about 3 hours at about 20*C and concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the expeded dihydro-irηidazo-pyrazine (yield = 95%). LC/MS : calculated MW : 402.19, m/z = 403.2 (M+H).

Examples 12309 - 12532

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 12308, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skilled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each combination of R⁵ and R⁷, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R^s (7 substituents))(R⁷ (32 substituents)) = 224.

R

— 0- — 0-*C ~ ^~° — £)-<* p

IMIDAZO-PYRAZINES

oxi udaizzee I \ _i

General procedure: Intermediate (b) is treated with an acidic solution preferrably TFA in DCM at 20-30'C for 1-4 hours. The mixture is then concentrated under reduced pressure to afford compound (c) which is oxidized to the corresponding fufly aromatized imidazopyrazine either by keeping it in solution in methanoi or DMSO for 5 hours-3 days at about 20'C or by using an c Jative reagent such as manganese dioxide in a protic or aprotic solvent such as MeOH, toluene or chloroform at 20-70^*C for 2-10 hours or chromic add supported or not on a resin in a protic solvent like methanoi at 40-70"C for 3-15 hours.

Example 12533 2,6-Dipheny1-imidazo(1,2-aJpyrazine-δ-4}υtanamine :

A solution of 2-[1,5-bis (1,1-dimethytethoxy)cart)onylamino}pentyf}-4-phenyl-1H- imidazole (50 mg) in a mixture of TFA/DCM 10% (700 mL) was stirred at about 20^#C for about 3 hours and then concentrated under reduced pressure to yield the intermediate dihydro-imidazo-pyrazine as its tπfloroacetate salt This salt was dissolved in MeOH (1mL) and manganese dioxide (30 mg) was added. After about 3 hours of stirring at about 20'C, the mixture was filtered on a CEUTE® pad and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the fuUy aromatized imidazo-pyrazine (78%yield). NMR (Η, 400 MHz, CD₃OD) : 8.75-7.34 (m, 12H, arom. H). 3.32 (m, 4H, CHJ. 2.10 (m, 2H, CH,), 1.90 (m, 2H, CHj). LC MS : calculated MW = 342.4, m z = 343.2 (M+H). Examples 12534 - 13773

The following compounds were prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 12533, using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those stalled in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein. Each cornbination of R³ and R⁷, shown below, were or can be synthesized, therefore, the number of Examples are calculated by multiplying (R³ (5 sut stituentsJKR⁵ (8 substituents)KR⁷ (31 substituents)) = 1240.

NH ^'N-

I I

R⁵:

R⁷:

TETRAHYDRO-IMIDAZO-PYRA21NES

General procedure: Intermediate (d) is treated with an acidic solution preferrably TFA in DCM at 20-30*C for 1-4 hours. The mixture is then concentrated under reduced pressure to afford the intermediate dihydro-imidazopyrazine (e). Reduction of (e) to the corresponding tetrahydro-imidazopyrazine is achieved by catalytic hydrogenation or by using any redudng agent such as NaBH^ (which can be supported on a resin). NaBH(OAc)3, NaSHjCN in a protic solvent such as MeOH at pH maintained weakly acidic (around pH 5) by addition of acetic acid or TFA.

Example 13774 6-Ethy 5, 6, 7, 8-te ahydro-2-phenyf-8(S)-phenyimethy imidazo[1.2-a]pyrazine :

2-[1 (SH1 ,1-Dimethylethoxy)carbonylamino^2-phenylethyll-1-(2-oxo-buty|)-4- phenyM H-imidazole (60 mg) in a mixture of 10% TFA in DCM was stirred at about 20^*C for about 3 hours and then concentrated under reduced pressure. The resulting intermediate dihydro-imidazo-pyrazine was dissolved in methanoi and borohydride supported on resin (AMBERUTE® IRA 400, Aldrich, 2.5 mmd BH₄7g ; 4 eq) was added. The pH was maintained at about 5 by addition of drops of TFA. After about 2 hours of stirring at about 20'C, the mixture was filtered and the filtrate concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was purified by flash chromatography (ethyl acetate Heptane 7:3 ; Rf = 0.30J. The tetrahydro-imidazo-pyrazine was obtained as a single diastereoisomer in 86% yield (38 mg). NMR (¹H, 400 MHz, CDCi,) δ: 7.80-7.10 (m, 11H, arom. H), 4.28 (dd, 1H, ³J = 10 Hz, \J = 3 Hz, H8), 3.95 (dd, 1H, ²J = 11.5 Hz, ³J = 3.6 Hz), 3.85 (dd, 1H, *J = 13.6 Hz, ³J = 3.0 Hz), 3.60 (t, 1H, M = ³J = 11.5 Hz), 3.85 (dd, 1H, ²J = 13.6 Hz, ³J = 10. Hz), 2.98 (m, 2H), 1.85 (s, 1H. NH), 1.55 (m. 2H, CHJ, 0.95 (t 3H, CHa). NMR (¹³C, 100 MHz, CDCy : 146.3, 140.9, 138.0, 134.4, 129.4, 128.6, 128.5, 126.6, 126.5. 124.8, 113.8, 55.9, 54.4, 50.2, 40.0, 26.6, 10.0. LC/MS : calculated MW = 317.43, m z = 318.20 (M+H).

Exampte 13775 The following compound was prepared analogously to the procedure described for Example 13774 using the appropriate starting materials, which can be obtained from commercial sources or synthesized according to methods known to those skied in the art or as enabled by the teachings herein.

N-SUBSTITUTED TETRAHYDRO-IMIDAZO-PYRAZJNES

(f) (9)

General procedure: A compound of formula (f) can read with isocyanates, isothiocyanates, N-succinimidyl carbamates, acyl chlorides or activated carboxylic acids in an aprotic solvent at 20-70^*C for 2-18 hours. The resulting derivative can be isolated by evaporation of the mixture followed by flash chromatography on silica gel or by addition to the mixture of a nudeophile supported on polymer such as aminomethyl or thiomethyl polystyrene resin followed by a filtration.

Example 13776 5, 6, 7, 8-Tetrahydro-7^methoxymethylcarbonyl)-2_r 6^iphenyt~8(S)-pheny1rnethyi- imidazo[1,2-a]pyrazine

To a solution of 5,6,7, Wetrahydro-2,6-dipherr ^8(S)-pherryimetrryHmW a]pyrazine (29 mg) in chloroform were successively added morpholinomethylpolystyrene resin (Novabiochem, toaoXng = 3.51 mmol/g, 50 mg, 2eq) and rnetrrøxyacetyichloride (10 mL, 1.3 eq). After about 3 hours of stirring at about 20*C, chloroform was added to the mixture followed by aminomethylpolystyrene resin (Novabiochem, loading = 1.2 mmol/g, 132 mg, 2 eq). The reaction mixture was stirred for another 2 hours and then filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure to afford 23 mg of the title compound (yield » 68%). NMR (¹H, 100 MHz, CDClj) : 7.9-7.0 (m. 16H. arom. H), 6.6 (m, 1H, H,), 5.3 (m. 1H, H*). 4.6 (dd. 1H, M = 13Hz, H5), 4.35 (dd, 1H, ^JJ = 13 Hz, \J = 5 Hz, Hβ^*), 3.7-2.9 (m, 5H, CH_jPh, OCH,).

The following tables of compounds illustrate some of the compounds of the present invention that were synthesized and provide the hole retention time (denoted Rt or Tr) in minutes and mass spectra results of each compound. Mass spectra were acquired on a single quadrupole electrospray mass spectrometer (Micromass, Platform model), 0.8 Da resolution. A monthly calibration, between 80 and 1000 Da, is performed with sodium and rubidium iodide solution isopropanol water (1/1 Vol.).

HPLC retention times were acquired on an HPLC system: HP1100 (Hewiett- Packard) equipped with a photodiode array UV detedor.

The HPLC conditions are as follows and the conditions used for each of the following tables of compounds are noted below, the wavlength of the UV detedor is noted in parenthesis after the formula number.

Condition A : Solvent : A : Water + 0.4% Formic acid

B : Acetonitrile + 0.4% Formic acid

Flow rate: 1 ml min

Injection volume volume : 20 μL

Column : Kromasfl ODS 5μm 150*4.6 mm i.d.

Temp. : 40 "C Condition A, :

Solvent : A : Water + 0.4% Formic add

B : Acetonitrile + 0.4% Formic acid

Flow rate : 1 ml/min Injection volume : 20 μL Column : Kromasil ODS 5μm 150*4.6 mm i.d. Temp. : 40 °C Condition A, :

Solvent : A : Water + 0.4% Formic acid

B : Acetonitrile + 0.4% Formic acid

Flow rate : 1 ml/min injection volume : 20 μL

Column : Kromasil ODS 5μm 150^*4.6 mm i.d.

Temp. : 40 °C

Condition A_« :

Solvent : A : Water + 0.4% Formic acid

B : Acetonitrile + 0.4% Formic add

Flow rate : 1 ml/min Injection volume : 20 μL Column : Kromasil ODS 5μm 150*4.6 mm i.d. Temp. : 40 °C Condition A, :

Solvent : A : Water + 0.4% Formic acid

B : Acetonitrile + 0.4% Formic acid

Flow rate : 1 ml min

Injection volume : 20 μL

Column : Kromasil ODS 5μm 150*4.6 mm i.d.

Temp. : 40 °C

Condition B :

Sotvent : A : Water + 0.02% Trifluoroacetic acid B : Acetonitrile

Flow rate : 1.1 ml/min

Injection volume : 5 μL

Column : Uptisphere ODS 3μm 33*4.6 mm i.d.

Temp. : 40 °C Condition C : Solvent : A : Water + 0.02% Trifluoroacetic acid

B : Acetonitrile

Flow rate : 1.1 ml/min Injection votume : 5 μL

Column : Uptisphere ODS 3μm 33^*4.6 mm i.d Temp. : 40 °C Condition D :

Solvent : A : Water + 0.04% Trifluoroacetic acid B : Acetonitrile

Flow rate : 1.1 ml/min

Injection volume : 5 μL

Column :• Uptisphere ODS 3μm 33^*4.6 mm i.d

Temp. : 40 "C

Condition E :

Sdvent : A : Water + 0.04% Trifluoroacetic acid B : Acetonitrile

Flow rate : 1.1 ml min

Injection volume : 5 μL

Column : Uptisphere ODS 3μm 33^*4.6 mm i.d

Temp. : 40 ^βC

In the following description Formula numbers are noted in bold and the the wavelength is in parenthesis.

> Method A = Used for Tables of compounds of Formulas: 17 (250), 18 (250) and 57 (220).

> Method A = Used for Tables of compounds of Formulas: 58 (210). -

> Method B = Used for Tables of compounds of Foπnulas: 7 (220), 8 (220), 9 (220), 10 (220). 11 (220), 12 (250), 19 (220), 20 (260), 21 (250). 25 (240). 26 (220), 27 (220), 28 (220), 29 (220), 37 (220), 38 (220), 39 (220), 40 (240), 44 (220), 45 (220). 46 (220), 47 (220), 48 (220), 49 (250). 55 (260), and 56 (220). Method C = Used for Tables of compounds of Formulas: 1 (220), 2 (220), 3 (220), 4 (260), 5 (220). 6 (220). 13 (220). 14 (220), 16 (260). 23 (250). 24 (250), 30 (220), 31 (254), 32 (250). 33 (250). 34 (250). 35 (250). and 36 (254).

> Method D = Used for Tables of compounds of Formulas: 15 (220), 51 (220), 52 (220), 53 (220), and 54 (220).

> Method E = Used for Tables of compounds of Formulas: 22 (250), 41 (220), 42 (250), 43 (220), and 50 (250).

!

163

FORMULA 22

Anatyss

R1 R2 Tr (mm) [M+Hf*

68 5542

78 -A 7.1 529.3

79 - ' 6.9 5372

FORMULA 23

Analysis

R1 Tr [M+H]

0^' 56 4483 a

58 482.2

JO^' 59 482.2

MeO' PT

5.7 478.3

/^

l

^■FORMULA 31

Anatysβ

R1 Tr M+H]*

39 6.3 4963

^■\J

-N N-\ NH -

40 4.5 5283

193

FORMULA 36_

R1 [M+H]*

10 ~^«\ 48 372.3

^ N «_

11 3.2 379.2

12 33 393.2

N^>

13 3.3 415.2

N._ ^O

^-0

14 o r^H T 4.4 I 443.3

h N-

15 HN 44 j 4532

-NH

16 5.0 4382

3.9 4102

N-N

A I

18 . N 3.6 414.3

19 x^N- 4.3 344.3

A

⁰

FORMULA 38

Analysis

R Tr [M+HJ+

14 4.3 441.3

O O

15 43 4413

16 A 4.2 3693

17 3.9 397.3 s^

18 V 3.8 350.3

Example 13777: N-{1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexyl}-N- cyclohexylamine

13777.1) 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methylheptanoic acid

A solution of diisopropylamine (13.2 ml; 0.094 mol) in 130 ml tetrahydrofurane (THF) was cooled down to about -40 °O n-Butyllithium (37 ml of a 2.5 M solution in hexane; 0.094 mol) was added dropwise. The temperature was left to retum to about 0 °O At this temperature, Boc-glycine (5 g; 0.028 mol) in solution in 30 ml THF was introduced into the mixture. After ten minutes at this temperature, 1-bromo-4-methylpentane (7.9 ml ; 0.056 mol) in solution in 20 ml THF was quickly added. The temperature was then left to return to about 23 °C and the mixture agitated for about one hour at this temperature. After hydrolysis with 100 ml water and acidification with 150 ml of a saturated potassium hydrogenosulfate solution, the obtained mixture was extracted with 2 times 50 ml ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with 100 ml water followed by 100 ml of a saturated sodium chloride solution. After drying on magnesium sulfate and evaporation of the solvent, the residue obtained was purified on a silica column (eluent : ethyl acetate - heptane / 6-4) to produce a white-colored powder with a yield of 50%. MH+ = 260.3.

13777.2) tert-butyl 1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexylcarbamate

A mixture of 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methylheptanoic acid (3.5 g; 0.0135 mol) and cesium carbonate (4.89 g ; 0.015 mol) in 100 ml ethanol was agitated at about 23°C for about 1 hour. The ethanol was eliminated by evaporation under reduced pressure in a rotative evaporator. The mixture obtained was dissolved in 100 ml of dimethylformamide and 3-bromophenacyl bromide (3.75 g; 0.0135 mol) was then added. After about 16 hours agitation, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The mixture obtained was taken up in ethyl acetate and the cesium bromide was then filtered. The ethyl acetate of the filtrate was evaporated and the reaction oil was taken up in a mixture of xylene (100 ml) and ammonium acetate (46.2 g; 0.6 mol). The mixture was then heated to reflux for about one hour and a half and, after cooling, a mixture of icy water and ethyl acetate was poured in the reaction medium. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with a sodium saturated bicarbonate solution, dried over magnesium sulfate and then evaporated under vacuum. The solid obtained was filtered and then washed with ether to produce a white powder (yield of 63%). Melting point: 134-136 °C MH+ = 436.2. 13777.3) 1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-1-hexanamine

tert-Butyl 1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexylcarbamate (obtained at stage 13777.2; 3.5 g; 0.008 mol) was agitated in 120 ml of an ethyl acetate solution saturated in hydrochloric acid for about 2.5 at a temperature of about 55 °C The solid obtained was filtered and washed with ether. A white powder was obtained with a yield of 97%. Melting point: 200-202 °O MH+ = 336.2.

13777.4) N-{1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexyl}- N-cyclohexylamine

A mixture containing 1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-1-hexanamine (obtained at stage 13777.3; 0.8 g ; 0.0019 mol), triethylamine (0.4 ml; 0.003 mol) and cyclohexanone (0.32 ml; 0.0023 mol) in 10 ml methanoi was agitated for about 30 minutes at about 23 °O Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (630 mg ; 0.003 mol) was then added. The reaction mixture was agitated for about 16 hours and then poured into water. After extraction with ethyl acetate, the organic phase was washed with a saturated sodium chloride solution and then dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was evaporated and the residue purified over a silica column (eluent: mixture CH₂CI₂-MeOH / 95-05). A white- colored powder was obtained with a yield of 38%. Melting point: 236-238 °O MH+ = 418.2.

Example 13778 : N-{1 -(4-(4-f luorophenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}cyclohexanamine

13778.1) tert-butyl 1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylcarbamate

This compound was obtained according to a protocol analogous to that of stage 13777.2 of example 13777, using 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)octanoic acid (6.2 g; 0.024 mol) instead of 2-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)-6-methylheptanoic acid and 2-bromo-4- fluoroacetophenone (5.2 g ; 0.024 mol) instead of 3-bromophenacyl bromide. A white powder was obtained (yield: 58%), which was sufficiently clean to be used as was for the following stage.

13778.2) 1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

This compound was obtained according to a protocol analogous to that of stage 13777.3 of example 13777, using tert-butyl 1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylcarbamate (5.2 g; 0.014 mol) as starting compound. After purification over a silica column (eluent: CH₂CI₂-MeOH-NH₄OH / 89-10-1), a gray powder was obtained (yield of 72%). Melting point: 148-150 °C MH+ = 276.2. 13778.3) N-{1-(4-(4-fluoropheπyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}cyclohexanamine

This compound was obtained according to a protocol analogous to that of stage 13777.4 of example 13777, using 1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine (0.5 g; 0.0014 mol) as starting amine and cyclohexanone (0.17 ml; 0.0014 mol) as starting ketone. A white powder was obtained with a yield of 15%. Melting point: 190-192°C. MH+ = 358.2.

Example 13779: (1 R)-Λ/-benzyl-1 -(1 -benzyl-4-tert-butyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine

Triethylamine (0.83 ml; 0.006 mol) was added at about 23 °C to a solution of (1R)-1-(1- benzyl-4-tert-butyl-1W-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine (0.7 g; 0.002 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) in 15 ml acetonitrile. The mixture was agitated about one hour at about 23°C and benzyl chloride (0.23 ml; 0.002 mol) was added. Agitation was maintained for about 16 hours. The reaction mixture was concentrated using a rotative evaporator and the oil obtained was taken up in ethyl acetate and water. The aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and washed with water and then with a saturated solution of sodium chloride. The solvents were evaporated under vacuum. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 7-3), a strong beige solid was obtained in the form of a glue (yield of 5%). Free base. Melting point: 60-62 O MH+ = 463.3.

Example 13780: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

(R,S)-1-(4~phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)heptylamiήe (1 g; 0.003 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 20 ml dimethylformamide. Potassium carbonate (2.2 g; 0.016 mol) was added at about 23 °C and then benzyl bromide (1.2 ml; 0.010 mol) was added quite slowly. The mixture was agitated about 72 hours at about 23 °C before being poured in icy water. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and then a saturated solution of sodium chloride. After drying over magnesium sulfate, the solvents were concentrated using a rotative evaporator. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 10-90), a white powder was obtained (yield of 31%). Free base. Melting point: 94-96 °C MH+ = 438.3. Example 13781: /V-benzyl-Λ/-((4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)- 1-hexanamine

Λ/-benzyl(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine (1 g; 0.0024 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 15 ml dimethylformamide. Potassium carbonate (1 g; 0.0073 mol) was added at about 23 °C and then hexane bromide (0.34 ml; 0.0024 mol) was added quite slowly. The reaction mixture was brought around the temperature of about 70°C for about 3 hours before being poured in icy water. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic phase washed with water. After drying over magnesium sulfate, the solvents were concentrated using a rotative evaporator. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 7-3), a light yellow solid was obtained in the form of a glue (yield of 13%). Free base. Melting point: 120-122 °C MH+ = 424.3.

Example 13782: Λ/-benzyl(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- /V-methylmethanamine

(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/-methylmethanamine (1 g; 0.003 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 20 ml dimethylformamide. Potassium carbonate (1.23 g; 0.009 mol) was added at about 23 °C and then benzyl bromide (0.34 ml; 0.003 mol) was added quite slowly. The reaction mixture was agitated at this temperature for about 48 hours then poured in icy water. The mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate and the organic phase washed with water. After drying over magnesium sulfate, the solvents were concentrated using a rotative evaporator. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 8-2), a white solid was obtained in the form of a glue (yield of 16%). Free base. Melting point: 106-108 °C MH+ = 354.2.

Example 13783: (R,S)-Λ/,Λ/-dihexyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

(R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yI)-1-heptanamine (1 g; 0.003 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 10 ml methanoi. Triethylamine (0.9 ml; 0.006 mol) was added dropwise and the mixture was agitated for about 30 minutes at about 23 °C Hexanal (0.45 ml; 0.0036 mol) was then added and the mixture was agitated for about one hour at about 23°C Sodium triacetoxyborohydride (1.3 g; 0.006 mol) was finally added. After about two hours agitation at about 23 °C, water was added and the reaction mixture extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate before evaporation of the solvents. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 6-4), a chestnut solid was obtained in the form of a glue (yield of 3%). Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks). MH+ = 426.4.

Fxample 13784: Λ/-((1 ?)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)- 2-pyrimidinamine

( R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine (2 g; 0.0066 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 10 ml n-butanol. 2-bromopyrimidine (1 g; 0.0066 mol) and then diisoethylamine (1.15 ml; 0.0066 mol) were added dropwise. The mixture was then heated to around 80 °C for about 16 hours. The n-butanol was evaporated and the residue taken up in water and ethyl acetate. The organic phase was washed with water and then with a saturated solution of sodium chloride before being dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated using a rotative evaporator. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 7-3, followed by CH₂CI₂- MeOH-NH₄OH/ 95-4.5-0.5 and ethyl acetate). A white powder was obtained (yield of 20%). Free base. Melting point: 138-140 °C. MH+ = 381.2.

Fxamole 13785: (1 R)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2- yl)ethanamine

(1 ?)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine (0.5 g; 0.00127 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to that of example 38 using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 25 ml tetrahydrofurane. Methyl tosylate (0.24 g; 0.00127 mol) was added to the preceding at about 23 °C and then potassium tert-butylate (0.15 g; 0.00127 mol) was added quite slowly. Agitation at about 23 °C was maintained for about two hours and then the mixture was heated to around 60°C for about 8 hours. The solvent was evaporated and the residue obtained taken up in ethyl acetate and a 10% sodium bicarbonate solution. After phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water and dried over magnesium sulfate. The solvent was then evaporated. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 7-3), a light beige solid was obtained in the form of a glue (yield of 4%). Free base. Melting point: 110-112 °C. MH+ = 407.3.

Example 13786: (1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-/V,/V-dimethylmethanamine

(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine (0.6 g; 0.0018 mol; prepared according to experimental conditions analogous to the preceding examples and using the appropriate starting compounds and reaction products) was diluted in 15 ml tetrahydrofurane. Triethylamine (1.12 ml; 0.008 mol) and then methyl 4-toluenesulfonate (0.75 g; 0.004 mol) were added dropwise. The mixture was agitated about 48 hours at about 23°C and then poured in icy water. After extraction with ether and phase separation, the organic phase was washed with water and afterwards with a saturated solution of sodium chloride. The organic phase was then dried over magnesium sulfate and concentrated using a rotative evaporator. After purification over a silica column (eluent: ethyl acetate - heptane / 7-3 followed by CH₂CI₂-MeOH / 95-5), a white powder was obtained (yield of 44%). Free base. Melting point: 78-80 °C. MH+ = 292.2.

The following further examples were made according to the procedures described in examples 13777 to 13786 and to the general procedures described in this application.

Example 13787: tert-butyl (1 ?)-1-(4-tert-butyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1/-/-indol-3-yl)- ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 104-106 °C.

Example 13788: (4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 228-230 °C.

Example 13789: Λ/-((1 S)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)- 1-hexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 132-134 °C

Example 13790: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1W-imidazol-2-yl)heptylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 102-104 °O Fxamole 13791: (4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 279-280 °O

Fxample 13792: (1 S)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 tf-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 150-152 °C

Example 13793: (R,S)-Λ/-(2-(1-methyl-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-1- butanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Fxamole 13794: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(6-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 98-100 °C.

Fxamole 13795: (R,S)-4-(2-{1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)pentyl}-1r -imidazol- 4-yl)-1 ,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 172-176 °C.

Fxamole 13796: (R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(1 ,T-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-pentanamine

Free base. Melting point: 201-203 °O

Fxample 13797: (1r?)-Λ/-benzyl-2-pheny!-1-(4-ρhenyl-1H-imidazol-

2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 228-230 °C

Fxample 13798: fert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hexylcarbamate

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Fxample 13799: (R,S)-Λ/-hexyl-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 140-142 °C Example 13800: (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1tf-imidazol-2-yl)hexylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 146-148 °O

Fxamole 13801 : (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-methoxyρhenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: starting from 115 °C.

Example 13802: (R,S)-Λ/-(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13803: (R,S)-/V-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13804: (R,S)-1-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 110-112 °C

Fxamole 13805: (R,S)-Λ/-(2-chlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13806: (R,S)-/V-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13807: (R,S)-Λ -butyl-1-(4-phenyl-1f/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13808: (R,S)-Λ/-isopentyl-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heρtyl)amine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks). Example 13809: (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/-hexyl- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13810: (R,S)-/V-pentyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 118-120 °C.

Example 13811: (R,S)-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclohexanamine

Free base. Melting point: 68-70 °C.

Example 13812: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-lH-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 192-194 °C.

Example 13813: butyl (4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 130-132 °C.

Example 13814: (R,S)-/V-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclopentanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13815: (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}-cyclohexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 155-157 °C.

Example 13816: (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1 tf-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}-cyclobutanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 144-146 °O

Example 13817: (1ft)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol- 2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 100-102 °O Example 13818: (R,S)-2-(1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1r -imidazol- 2-yl)ethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 208-210 °C.

Example 13819: (R,S)-2-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 180-182 °C.

Example 13820: (R,S)-2-(1-methyl-1/-/-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol- 2-yl)ethylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 110-114 °C

Example 13821: (1 S)-/V-benzyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol- 2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 118-120 °C.

Example 13822: (1 )-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-1-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2- yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 120-122 °C.

Example 13823: tert-butyl (1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1tf-imidazol- 2-yl)ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 208-210 °C.

Example 13824: (1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Hydrochloride. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).'

Example 13825: Λ/-((1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-benzamide

Free base. Melting point: 218-220 °C.

Example 13826: benzyl (1 ?)-2-(1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 105-108 °C Example 13827: tert-butyl (1R)-2-(1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2- yl)ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 220-222 °C.

Example 13828: fert-butyl (4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 170-172 °C.

Example 13829: fert-butyl (1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 140-142 °C.

Example 13830: (1 =?)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-(2-phenylethyl)-1-(4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol^-y ethanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13831: (1/^c?)-2-(1r/-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: begins to stick around 220 °C.

Example 13832: (1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1 --imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 248-250 °O

Example 13833: (1R)-2-(1r/-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-(2-phenoxyethyl)-1-(4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 94-96 °C.

Example 13834: (1 R)-1 -(4-fert-butyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)ethylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 230-232 °C

Example 13835: Λ/-benzyl(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Free base. Melting point: 60-62 °O Example 13836: (1 ^:?)-2-(1-benzothien-3-yl)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol- 2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. Melting point: 152-154 °C.

Example 13837: tert-butyl (R,S)-2-(6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2- yl)ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 208-210 °C.

Example 13838: (R,S)-2-(6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imida∑ol-2-yl)-ethylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 210-212 °C.

Example 13839: tert-butyl (1 r?)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 W-imidazol-2-yl)butylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 88-90 °C.

Example 13840: (1R)-Λ/-benzyl-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine

Free base. Melting point: 134-135 °C.

Example 13841: tert-butyl (R,S)-phenyl(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-methylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 134-136 °C

Example 13842: (R,S)-phenyl(4-phenyl-1 -/-imidazol-2-yl)methylamine

Hydrochloride. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13843: tert-butyl (1R)-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-propylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 72-74 °C.

Example 13844: (1r?)-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 174-176 °O

Example 13845: (R,S)-/V-benzyl(phenyl)(4-phenyl-1tf-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Free base. Melting point: 144-146 °O Fxample 13846: (1R)-/V-benzyl-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine

Free base. Melting point: 142-144 °C.

Fxamole 13847: 4-(2-{((terf-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1 /-/-imidazol-4-yl)- 1 ,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 100-102 °C.

Example 13848: Λ/-benzyl(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13849: 4-(1-benzyl-2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1H-imidazol-4-yl)- 1 ,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 167-169 °C.

Fxample 13850: (4-(1 ,T-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 240-242 °C.

Fxample 13851: (R,S) 1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 131-134 °C.

Example 13852: (1-benzyl-4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 170-174 °C.

Example 13853: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 160-162 °C

Example 13854: 4-(2-{((terf-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1-methyl-1r -imidazol- 4-yl)-1,1'-biρhenyl

Free base. Melting point: 208-210 °C Fxample 13855: tert-butyl (1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(1-methyl-4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 96-100 °C.

Fxample 13856: 4-(2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino)methyl}-1/-/-imidazol- 4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 72-74 °C.

Example 1385J7: ( 1 R)-2-( 1 H-indol-3-yl)- 1 -( 1 -methy l-4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol-2-y l)-ethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 206-210 °C.

Fxamole 13858: tert-butyl methyl((5-methyl-4-phenyl-1 r/-imidazol-2-yl)-methyl)carbamate

Free base. Melting point: 70-72 °C.

Fxamole 13859; (4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/-methylmethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 218-220 °C.

Fxample 13860: Λ/-methyl-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 218-220 °C.

Fxample 13861: 4-(2-{(benzyl(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1/^L/-imidazol- 4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 130-132 °C.

Fxamole 13862: (1fi)-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-3-phenyl- 1-propanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 215-218 °O

Fxample 13863: /V-benzyl(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: > 250 °C Fxample 13864: (1R)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1/ -imidazol-2-yl)- 3-phenyl-1-propanamine

Free base. Melting point: 210-213 °C.

Fxample 13865: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-lH-imidazol-2-yl)pentylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 126 °C.

Fxample 13866: (R,S)-1-(4-(1,r-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pentanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 197-200 °C.

Fxample 13867: (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pentylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 178-180 °O

Fxample 13868: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-heptylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 77-80 °C.

Example 13869: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- heptylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 64-65 °C.

Fxample 13870: (R,S)-1-(4-(4-methylphenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 157-160 °O

Fxample 13871: (R,S)-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 238-240 °C

Fxample 13872: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pentanamine

Free base. Melting point: 200-202 °O

Fxample 13873: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- heptylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 125-127 °O Fxamole 13874: (R,S)-1-(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 182-184 °C.

Example 13875: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1 Aimidazol-2-yl)-heptylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 141-143 °C.

Fxample 13876: (R,S)-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 231-232 °C.

Fxample 13877: (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 230-231 °C.

Fxample 13878: (R,S)-4-(2-{1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)heptyl}-1H-imidazol- 4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 142-144 °C.

Fxample 13879: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Acetate. Melting point: 115-116 °C.

Fxamole 13880: 4-(2-{(1 S)-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)propyl}-1 H-imidazol- 4-yl)-1 ,T-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 138-140 °C.

Example 13881: (R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 100-102 °C.

Example 13882: (1S)-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: > 250 °C.

Example 13883: (1 S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-propanamine

Free base. Melting point: 220-222 °C.

Example 13884: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 185-188 °C.

Example 13885: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1 r -imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 155-157 °C.

Example 13886: (R,S)-V-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1W-imidazol-2-yl)-1-hexanamine

Free base. Melting point: 192-194 °C.

Example 13887: (R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)benzonitrile

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 218-220 °C.

Example 13888: (R,S)-1-(4-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: starting from 126 °C.

Example 13889: tert-butyl (1f?)-1-(4-phenyl-1W-imidazoi-2-yl)butylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 156-158 °C. Example 13890: 4-(2-{(1R)-1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl}-1H-imidazol- 4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 145.6 °C.

Example 13891: (1 ?)-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 155.4 °C.

Example 13892: (R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1r-imidazol-4-yl)-2,6-di(tert-butyl)-phenol

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 204-206 °O

Example 13893: (1f?)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 182-184 °C.

Example 13894: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: begins to stick around 130 °C.

Example 13895: (1 R)-/V-benzyM-(4-(1 A-bipheny A-yl-IH-imidazol^-yO- l-butanamine

Free base. Melting point: 78.6 °C.

Example 13896: (1R)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine

Free base. Melting point: 218-220 °C.

Example 13897: (R,S)-Λ/-(3-chlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13898: (R, S)-V-benzyl-1 -(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1 W-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 141-142 °O Example 13899: (R,S)-4-{2-(1-(benzylamino)heptyl)-1 -/-imidazol-4-yl}benzonitrile

Free base. Melting point: 188-189 °O

Example 13900: (R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-Λ/,Λ/-diethylaniline

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 192 °C.

Example 13901: (1f?)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 178-181 °C.

Example 13902: (R,S)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 148-150 °C.

Example 13903: (R,S)-1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 138-140 °C.

Example 13904: Λ/-((1 S)-1 -(4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 H-imidazoI-2-yl)propyl)- 1-butanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13905: (1R)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine

Free base. The melting point could not be measured (sticks).

Example 13906: (R,S)-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)-Λ/-propylamine

Free base. Melting point: 94-98 °O

Example 13907: (R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1 tf-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: starting from 120 °O

Example 13908: (R,S)-4-{2-(1-(benzylamino)heptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl}benzonitrile

Hydrochloride. Melting point: starting from 185 °O ^"Example 13909: (R,S)-Λ/-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Melting point: 126-128 °O

Example 13910: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-lH-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: starting from 110 °C.

Example 13911: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: starting from 90 °C.

Example 13912: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-Λ/-(1-{4-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)-1 H-imidazol- 2-yl}heptyl)amine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 170 °C

Example 13913: (R,S)-1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 148-150 °C.

Example 13914: tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)- 5-methylhexylcarbamate

Free base. Melting point: 134-136 °C

Example 13915: (R , S)- 1 -(4-(3-bromophenyl)- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl- 1-hexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 200-202 °C.

Example 13916: (R,S)-Λ/-isobutyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine

Acetate. Melting point: 70-72 °C. Example 13917: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-1- hexanamine

Free base. Melting point: 92-94 °C.

Example 13918: (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Free base. Oil.

Example 13919: (R,S)-Λ/-(1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclobutanamine

Free base. Melting point: 148-150 °C.

Example 13920: 4-(2-{(1 S)-1-((butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl}-1r -imidazol-4-yl)- 1,1'-biphenyl

Free base. Melting point: 118-122 °C.

Example 13921: 4-(2-{(1R)-1-((butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethylh1H-imidazol-4-yl)- 1 ,1'-biρhenyl

Free base. Melting point: 114-116 °C.

Example 13922: (R,S)-Λ/-isopropyl-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)amine

Free base. Melting point: 114-116 °C.

Example 13923: (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}- cyclohexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 194 °C.

Example 13924: (R,S)-Λ/-(1-(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heρtyl)- cyclohexana ine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 168-170 °C Example 13925: (R,S)-2-(5-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 220-222 °C.

Example 13926: Λ/-{(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1 '-imidazol-2-yl)methyl}cyclohexanamine

Free base. Melting point: 202-204 °C.

Example 13927: (R,S)-Λ/-{2-(5-fluoro-1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)- 1/^L/-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl}cyclobutanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 180-190 °C.

Example 13928: (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl}- cyclohexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 230-232 °C.

Example 13929: (R,S)-Λ/-(cyclohexylmethyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)- 1-heptanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 142-144 °C

Example 13930: (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexyϊ}- cyclohexanamine

Hydrochloride. Melting point: 216.7 °C.

Example 13931 : /V-{(1R)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-methylpropyl}- cyclohexanamine

Free base. Melting point: 224-226 °O

Claims (51)

CLAIMSWhat is claimed '»:

1. A compound of the formula (I),

(0 the racemic-diastereomeric mixtures and optical isomers of said compound of formula

(I), the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts and prodrυgs thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein represents an optional bond;

(CH^-Z³;

Z¹ is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (Ci- C₁₂)alkyl, benzofbjthiophene, phenyl, naphthyl, beπzofblfuraπyt, thiophene,

isoxazoiyl, indolyi, R² is H or (C₁-C_β)allcyl; or R¹ and R² are taken together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached to form a compound of formula (la), (lb) or (lc),

E is O, S,-C{Oh -C(0)-0-, -NH-C(O)-0- or a bond; Z² is H. (Cι-C₁₂)alkyl, amino, (d-C^alkylamiπo, N.N-dHC-C^Jalkylamino, (C- C₁₂)alkylguanidino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyi, indolyi, imidazolyl, thiophene, benzothiophenβ, pyridinyl and naphthyl; R' is H oMCHjWA¹;

A¹ is -C(=Y>N(X^,X )_I -C(=Y)-X². -C(=NH)-X² or X²; Y is O or S;

X¹ is H, (Ci-CiaJallcyl. -(CH₂)_m-NH-(C₁-C_β)al v1. -(CHjJ_m-N-dHCi-CβJalkyl or -(CH^-aryl; X² is -(CHz^-Y'-X³ or optionally, substituted (d-daJalkyl;

Y¹ is 0, S, NH, C=0, (C Cι₂)alkeπyi having one or more double bonds, -NH-CO-, -CO- H-, -NH-CO-CHCHjJm-. -CC-, SOi or a bond; X³ is H, an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (Cι-C,₂)alkyl, (CrC_β)cycioalkyi, (Ci-C-Jalkoxy, aryloxy, (C-C-^aikytamino, N,N-dHC₁-C₁₂)alkylamino. -CH-dHC zJako y, pyrrolidinyl, pyridinyl, thiophene, imidazolyl, piperidinyi, piperaziπyt, benzothiazotyl, furanyl, indolyi, morpholino, benzo[b]furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl, -(CHzj pbeπyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phthalamidyl, pyrimidiπyl,

or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionaUy substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of thiazolyl

Y² is CH-X⁴, N-X⁴, -Ct X⁴), O or S;

X* for each occurrence is independently -<CH₂)_rn-Y³-X⁵; Y⁹ is -C<Oh -C(0)0- or a bond;

X^s is hydroxy, (C -d₂)al yl. amino, (Cι-Cta)alkytamino, N,N-dHd- C₁₂)alkylamino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of aryl, aryl(d-C.,)alkyl, furanyt, pyrkSnyl, indolyi, -CH(phenyl)₂,

substituted aryl;

Z³ for each occurrence is independently amino, N.N-dHd- C₁₂)alkylamino, -NH- OHHCH^-phenyl -NH-dO -C CH^ -dW or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of imidazolyl, » pyridinyl, morpholino, piperidiπyl, piperazinyl, pyraz idinyl, furanyl and thiophene; R' is H or fCrC_βJalkyt; R⁷ is (Cι-C₁₂)ai yl or -(CH^-Z ; Z* is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, indolyi, thiophene. benzo{b]furan. benzo[b]thiophene, isoxazolyl,

Z⁵ is H. (d-Ci2)alkyl, (CH₂)_m-aryl; wherein an optionally substituted moiety is optionally substituted by one or more substituents, each independently selected from the group consisting of Cl, F, Br, I, CF_j, CN, Nj, NOj, OH, S0₂NH_2l -OCF₃, (d-C₁₂)alkoxy, -{CH₂)_m-phenyHX^β)_n. -S-phenyHX*),,, -S^d-d₂)alkyl, -0-<CH2)_m-phenyHX*)n. -{CH₂)_m-C(O HC₁-C_β)al«yl, -(CH₂)_m-C(OHC₁- Cβ)alkyl. and -(Co-da^fcyHX⁶)..;

X* for each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a, F, Br, I, N0₂. Ns, CN, OH. -CF₃. -OCF₃, (d-ds)alkyl, (d-CiaJalkoxy, -(CH₂)_m-NH₂. -<CH₂)_m-NH-<d-C_β)alky1, CH₂)_tr NHiH(d-d>alkyl) and -(CHj)™- phenyl; m for each occurrence is independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 6; and n for each occurrence is independently an integer from 1 to 5; provided that

(a) when R⁵ is (d-C₁₂)alkyl, or -C(0)-0-Z* and Z* is (d-d_∑Jalkyl or optionally substituted aryl; R^β is H or (Cι-Cβ)alkyi; R⁷ is (C,-C₁₂)alkyl or Z⁴ and Z⁴ is thiophene or optionally substituted phenyl, then R³ is not - OKHCH^-Z where m is 0 and Z is H or (d-Ci₂)al yl or where m is 1 to 6 and Z is H;

(b) when R⁵ is (Cι-C₁₂)a!kyl or optionally subsituted phenyl; R⁶ is H or (d-Cβ)al yl; R⁷ is (Cι-Ci₂)alkyl and R³ is -0-{CH₂)-Z². then Z² is not an optionaBy substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyi, indolyi, imidazolyl, thiophene, foenzothiophene, pyridinyl, and naphthyl; and

(c) when R⁵ is H or (d-djjalkyl; R^β is (d-Cβ)ai yl; R⁷ is (d-dajal yl; and R³ is -O-Z² or S-Z², then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, thiophene, benzothienyl and indolyi

2. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_r phenyl; R⁴ is ^CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R⁶ is H; where A¹ is -C^Y NpOX² ; Y is O. X^Λ is H OT methyl; X² is .(CH₂)„,-Y^,.X³; m in the definition of X² is 0, 1. 2 or 3; Y' is a bond or O; and X³ is N- methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, diethylamino, pyridinyl, thiophene, imidazolyl, diethoxymethyl, 1-benzyl-piperidin-4-yl, optionaUy substituted phenyl or

3. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_r phenyl; R⁴ is -(Chtøm-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R* is phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y)-N(X¹X²); Y is O;

X¹ is benzyl and X² is 2-hydroxyethyl; or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are

where Y² is dX⁴ or N-X⁴; X⁴ is -<CH₂)_m-Y³-X^δ where m in the definition of X⁴ is 0 or ; and

X⁵ is selected from the group consisting of furanyl, benzyl, phenyl, amino,

4. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_r phenyl; R⁴ is -{CH₂)_m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R^β is H; where A¹ is -C<=Y)-X²; _% Y is O; X² is -<CH₂)_m-Y^,-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y¹ is O, -NH-CO-, -CO-NH-. -NH-CO-0-CH_r, SOa or a bond; and

X³ is methyl, furanyl, pentyl, phenyl, indolyi, p-NO_∑-phenyi, naphthyl, fluorenyl,

-CHføhenyOa, benzothiazolyl, phthalamidyl, N,N-dirnethylamino,

5. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_r indol-3-yl; R⁴ is -(CH₂)_m-A¹ where in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl or t-Bu; R* is H;

A¹ is -C^Y NøOX²);

Y is O or S; X¹ is H; X² is -{CHj -Y'-X³; m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y' is a bond; and X^s is phenyl, o-CI-pheπyl, m-CI-phenyl, p-phenyloxy-phenyl, 2,

6-d^*HSopropylphenyl, m-CFr-phenyl, p-ethoxycarbonyl-phenyl, 2,4- difluorophenyl, m-NO_∑-phenyl, p-benzytoxyphenyl, o-isopropylphenyl. n-hexyl, 4-

indol-3-yl; R⁴ is -{CH₂)_m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^{5 '}« phenyl or t-Bu; R^β is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y)-X²;

Y is O; X² is ^CH^-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2;

Y¹ is O, -CO-NH-, -NH-CO-O-CHz-or a bond; and X³ is methyl, 3-peπtyl, phenyl, p-NO;rphenyi, phthalamkjyl, N.N-dimethyiamino, p-aminophenyl, fluorenyl or

7. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CH_r indol-3-yi; R⁴ is -(CH^-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁹ is phenyl or t-Bu; R⁶ is H; where A¹ ιs -C^YVNPC'X²);

Y is O; X¹ is hydrogen; X² is -(CH^-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 , 2 or 3; Y¹ is O. or a bond; and X³ is cyclopentyl, 4-OH-butyl, N.N-diethylamino, N- methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl, -CH(ethoxy)₂, phenyl, p-S0₂NH₂-phenyl p-OH-phenyl. o- CFrphenyl, p-CJ-phenyl, -CH(phenyl)₂,

xr

8. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R^J is -CHr indol-3-yl; R⁴ is -(CH^m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R' is phenyl or t-Bu; R* is

H;^« where A¹ is -C^YJ-X²;

Y is 0; X² β -(CH₂)_m-Y¹-X³; where m in the definition of X^a is 0, 1, 2 or 3;

Y¹ is -NH-CO, -C=C-, -Cad or a bond; and X³ is t-butyl, 1-methylcarbonyl- piperid^'m-4-yl, phenyl, p-CI-phenyl, m-CFj-phenyl, 4-nitro-naphthyl, p-methoxy- phenyl, m-(phenylethyl)-pheπyl, indol-3-yl or p-aminophenyl.

9. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CHr indol-3-yl, -(CH₂)_-NH-CO-0-t-Bu or -(CHJ NH_J; R⁴ is -{CH^-A¹ where m m the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^s is phenyl, o-methoxyphenyl, p-Br-phenyl. p-nitro-phenyl or p- N.N-diethylam^'mo-phenyl; R^β is H; where A¹ is -C(=Y)-N(X¹X²);

Y is O; X¹ is H; X² is -{CH₂}_m-Y^,-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0;

Y¹ is a bond: and X³ is o-Br-phenyl, m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, o-CI-pheπyl, n>ci- pbeπyl, p-Q-phenyl, o-nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, o-CFrphenyl, m-CFrPheπyl, p-CFrOhenyl, p-F-phenyl, 2,4- S-F-pheπyl, 2,5-di-F-phenyl, 2,5- di-methoxy-pheπyi, m-OMe-phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, 2-CFj- -Cf-pheπyl or 3-nitro- * 4-F-phenyl.

10. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -CHr indol-3-yl, -{CH₂)4-NH-CO-0-t-Bu or -(CHaiVNH* R⁴ is -(C+Wm-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl, o-methoxyphenyl, p-methoxyphenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p- nitrc-phenyl or p-N,N-diethyJamino-phenyl; R^& is H; where A¹ is -C^YJ-X²;

Y is 0; X² is -{CH^-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 1; Y' is a bond; and X³ is phenyl, o-Br-phenyl, m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, o-O- phenyl, m-CJ-phenyl, p-CI-phβπyl, o-nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, o-CF₃-phenyl, m-CFrphenyl, p-CF3-phenyl, o-F-phenyl, m-F-phenyl. p-F-phenyl. N,N-di-mβthylamino-phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl, m-OMe-phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, 3,4- di-CI-phenyl, 3,4,5-tri-OMe-phenyl, p-Me-phenyl, p-OH-phenyl or 2,4-di-F- phenyl.

11. A compound according to daim 9 wherein R* is phenyl and R³ is

-<CH₂)-indol-3-yl and the stereochemistry at the carbon to which R³ is attached is the R- configuration.

12. A compound according to daim 10 wherein R^s is phenyl and R³ is -{CHa)- indol-3-yl and the stereochemistry at the carbon to which R³ is attached is the R- coπfiguration.

13. A compound according to daim 10 wherein R^s is o-OMe-phenyl and R³ is -(CH₂>-indol-3-yl and the stereochemistry at the carbon to which R³ is attached is the R-configuration.

14. A compound according to daim lO.wherein R⁵ is o-OMe-phenyl and R³ is -(CH₂>-indol-3-yl and the stereochemistry at the carbon to which R³ is attached is the S- configuration.

15. - A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -(CH^- NH-CO-O-t-Bu or -{CI-y.rNrfe R⁴ is -(CH^m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R" is H; where A¹ is -C(= X²; Y ^'ts O-. ^ is ^Cry^-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 or 2; Y¹ is S, S0₂ or a bond; and X³ is phenyl, 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, 3,4,5-tri-OMe-phenyl. p-Me-phenyl, p-OH-phenyl, 2,4-di-F-phenyl, 2-furanyl, 2-pyridinyl, 3-pyridinyl, naphthyl, 2-quiτolinyl, 3-quinolinyl, 4-quinolinyl, 8-qυinolinyl, 1 -isoquinolinyl, 2- thiophene or 2-pyrimk.inyl.

16. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -{CHjiv NH-CO-O-t-Bu or -{O^-NHa; R⁴ is -{CH₂)_m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R^s is phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is -C{=Y)-X²; Y is O; X² is -{CH₂)_πι-Y¹-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0, 1 , 2 or 3; Y¹ is a bond; and X³ is 5-indolyl. 3-inoolyl. 4-indolyJ, 2-indolyl, 5-OMe-indol-3-yl, 5OMe-indol-2-yl, 5-OH-indol-2-yl, δ-OH-inool-S-yl, 5-Br-indol-3-yi. 2-Me-indc -3- yl, 2-benzothiophene, 3-benzothiophene or 2-benzofuran.

17. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R* is -{CH2 indol-3-yl, R⁴ is -(CHJVA¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl or p-OMe-phenyl; R* is H; where A¹ is X²; X² CHj r-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 1, 2 or 3; Y¹ is S. O or a bond; and X³ is phenyl, o-OH-phenyl, p-OH-phβnyi o-F-pheπyl, m-F-pheπyl, p-F-phenyl, o-CF₃-phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl, m-OMe-phenyl, o-nitro- phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, 2-nJtro-3-OMe-phenyl, o-Br-phenyl, m- Br-phenyl. p-Br-phenyl. 2-thiophene, 3,4,5-tri-OMe-phenyl, p-NJ - dimethyla ino-pheπyl, p-OCFrPhenyl, p-{3-(N_IN- dimethylamino)propoxy)phenyl, 3-F-4-OMe-phenyl, 2-pyridinyl, 3-pyridinyl, 4- pyridinyl, 2-CI-quinolin-3-yl, 2-quinoϊnly, methyl, n-butyl, n-pentyl. n-hexyl, 3,3- dimethyl-butyl, benzyl, cydohexyl or p-t-Bυ-phenyl.

18. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is H; R² is H; R³ is -(Ofe)*- NH-CO-0-t-Bu or -(CHϊ)₄-NH₂; R⁴ IS -{CH^-A where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R* is phenyl; R^β is H; where A¹ is X²; X' CH^-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 1, 2 or 3; Y¹ is O or a bond; and X³ is phenyl, o-OH-phenyl. p-OH-phenyl, o-F-phenyl. m-F- phenyl, p-F-phenyl, o-CFj-phenyl, o-OMe-phenyl, m-OMe-phenyl, p-OMβ- phenyl, o-nitro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, 2-nitro-3-OMe-phenyt, 0- Br-phenyl, m-Br-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-phenyi-phenyi, 2-thiophene, 3,4,5-tri- OMe-phenyl, p-N, WJrnethylamino-phenyl, p-benzyloxy-phenyl, p-OCFj-phenyl. p-(3-{N,NW^"iτnethylamino)propoxy)phenyl, 3-F-4-OMe-phenyl, 2-pyridinyI, 3- pyridinyl. 4-pyrid^'ιnyl, 2-Cl-quirκ)lin-3-yl, 2-quinoiiniy, 3-sndoryl, 6- methoxycarbonyWndol-3-yl, 1-methyl-indol-3-yl, 2-methyMndol-3-yl, methyl, n- butyl, n-pentyl, n-hexyl, 3,3-dimethyl-butyl, benzyl, cydohexyl or p -8u-phenyL

19. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ is -(CH₂)-C0^¹; R² is H; R³ is -(CH₂)₄-NH-CO-0-t-Bu. -(CHzJ-phenyl or -{CHaHndol-S-yl; R⁴ is -{CH₂)m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R⁵ is phenyl; R* is H; where Z¹ is ethyl, phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, p-phenyl-phenyl. p-Ophenyl, p-Br-phenyl. p-NrPhenyl. p-F-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl. p-CN-phenyl, 2,5-di-OMe- phenyl, 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, N,N-dimethylamino-phenyl, 3-methyM-CI-pheπyl or naphthyl; A¹ is -CCY X²; Y is O; X² is -(CH^m-Y'-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0; Y¹ is O; and X³ is t-8u.

20. A compound according to daim 1 wherein R¹ is -{CH^CKCH^_m-Z¹ where m in the definition of R¹ is 0, 1 or 2; R³ is H; R³ is -(CH^}-indol-3-yl or -{CHaJvNH- CO-O-t-Bu; R⁴ is H or -(CH₂)_m-A¹ where m in the definition of R⁴ is 0; R¹ is phenyl, o- OMe-phenyl. p-nitro-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, t-Bu, -CH<CHj)rCO-NH-{CH₂)rC0-O-t-Bu, -CH(Cr^)rCdNH-(CΗ₂)rim jazθr-1-yl_f -CΗ(CΗ₃)rCC)-NH-(^ -CH(CH₃)rCC^H-(CH₂)τ4-morpholino, l(CΗ₃)rCO-NH-(CH₂)-pyridin-4-yl or -CH(CH₃)rCC-NH-{CH₂iVN, Wietrylarnino; R* is H; where Z is ethyl, propyl, phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl, p-CI-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-F- phβπyl. p-nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl. p-CN-phenyl, p-rVphenyt, p-phenyl-phenyl, 3- Me-4-Cl-phenyl, p-N,N-diethylamino-phenyi, 2,5-d^'ι-OMe-phenyl. 3,4-di-CI-phenyl. 3,4-di-F-pheπyl, p-OCFj-phenyl, p-benzyloxy-phenyl, p-pentyJ-phenyl, 3,4,5-tri-OMe- phenyl. 3-nitro-4-CI-pheπyl, 3-CI-4-nitro-phenyl, 3-methyl-5-cftloro-benzothiophen-2- yl, 2-benzofuraπyl, 3-benzothiophene, 3-phenyl-isoxazoi-5-yl, 3-{2,4-di-CI-phenyl)- isoxazol-5-yl, 3-indolyl, 5-Br-thiophen-2-yl, naphthyl.

A¹ is -C(=Y)-X²; Y is O; X² is -(CH₂)_ra-Y^,-X³; where m in the definition of X² is 0; Y¹ is O; and X³ is t-Bu.

21. A compound according to claim 1 wherein R¹ and R² are taken together to form a compound of formula (lb) or (lc);

R³ is -{CH₂}Hndol-3-yi. -(CHzJ-phenyl, -(CH^^H-CO-O-benzyl or -(CHjivNHj; R⁵ is phenyl, o- Me-phenyl, p- Me-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-nitro-phenyl, t-Bu or -CH CHsϊrC -NH-fCHiJ NHs; R⁶ is H; R⁷ is ethyl, propyl, phenyl, p-OMe-phenyl. p-CI-phenyl, p-Br-phenyl, p-F-phenyl. p- nitro-phenyl, m-nitro-phenyl, p-CN-phenyl. p-N phenyl, p-phenyl-phenyl, 3-Me-4-CI- phenyl, p-N,N-diethylamino-phenyl, 2,5→dJ-OMe-phenyl. 3,4-di-CI-phenyl, 3,4-di-F- phenyl. p- CFj-phenyl, p-benzyloxy-pheπyl, p-peπtyl-pheπyl, 3,4,5-tri-OMe-phenyl. 3-nitro-4-CI-phenyl, 3-CM-nitro-phenyl, 3-methyl-5-chlorc- enzothiophen-2-yl, 2- bezofuraπyl, 3-benzothiophene, 3-pheπyl-isoxazol-5-yl, 3-(2,4-di-CJ-phenyl)-isoxazol- 5-yl, 3-indόlyl, 5-Br-thiophβn-2-yl, naphthyl,

22. A compound of the formula (II),

00 the racemic-diastereomeric mixtures and optical isomers of said compound of formula

(II), the pharmaceutically-acceptable salts or prodrugs thereof or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt of said prodrug, _ wherein represents an optional bond;

R¹ is H, -<CH₂)_m-C(OHCH₂)_BrZ^,, -(CH^-Z¹, -(CHaJm-Oi¹ or -(CtrCe)alkyM (0)-NH-

(CHzVZ³;

Z is an optionaUy substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (d- C-i₂)alkyl. benzo[b]thiophene, phenyl, naphthyl, beπzofbjfuranyl, thiophene,

isoxazolyl, indolyi, ;

R² is H or (C₁-Cβ)aficyl; - or R¹ and R² are taken together with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached to form a compound of formula (Ha), (Nb) or (lie).

R³ is -(CH₂)_(n-E-(CH₂)_m-Z²;

E is 0, S,-C(Oh -C(0)-0-, -NH-C(0)-0-, -N(d-Cβ)alkyl-C(0)-0- or a bond; Z² is H, (d-Ci₂)alkyl, amino, (d-Cι₂)alkylamino, N.N-dKd-Ci₂)alkylamino, (d- d₂)alkylguanidino, or an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi, imidazolyl, thiophene, benzothiophene, pyridinyl and naphthyl; R⁴ is H -<CH₂) -A¹; A¹ is -^O-NpOX²), -C(=Y)-X², -C(=NH)-X² or X²;

Y is O orS;

X¹ is H, (C,-C₁₂)alkyl, -(CHjVNHKd-CβJalkyi, -(CHj N-dH -CβJafcyl or

X² is -{CH^- ^X³ or optionally substituted (d-d₂)aikyt; Y is O, S, NH, C=0, (Crd^alkenyl having one or more double bonds,

-NH-CO-, -C0-NH-, -NH-CO-C CH^-, -OC-, SOj or a bond; X³ is H, an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of (d-Cι₂)alkyl, (Cr-d cydoalkyJ, (d-d_∑Jalkoxy. aryloxy, (Cι-da)alkylamino, N,N-dKCι-C₁₂)alkylamino, -CH-dKd-d_∑Jalkoxy, pyrrolidiπyi, pyr fnyl, thiophene, imidazolyl, piperidinyl. piperaziπyl, benzothiazolyl, furanyl, indofyl, morpholino, benzo[b]furanyl, quinolinyl, isoquinolinyl. -{CH_∑ -phenyl, naphthyl, fluorenyl, phthaiamidyl, pyrimk^j'inyl,

or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached to form an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of thiazolyl,

Y² is CH-X⁴. N-X⁴, -d C'X⁴), O or S;

X⁴ for each occurrence is independently H or -{CH^-Y^X⁵; Y³ is -C(O)-. -C(0)0- or a bond;

X⁵ is hydroxy, amino, (d-d- aitylamino, N,N-dHd- C₁₂)aIkylamino, or an optionally substituted moiety seieded from the group consisting of aryl, aryl(d-C₄)alkyl, furanyl, pyridinyl, indolyi, piperidinyl, -CH benyf ,

R⁵ is (C-Ctt)alkyl, (C₀-C_e)alkyl-C(O)- -Z⁹ _I (C₀-C,)alkyl-C(O)- H-(CH₂)_m-Z³ or optionafty substituted aryl;

Z³ for each occurrence is independently amino, (d-d₂)alkylamino. amino(d- C_l2)alkyl. (CrC7)cydoalkylamino, amino(Cs-C7)cydoaIlcyl, N-{Cι-C₁₂)alkylamino, N,N- dHCι-d₂)aikylamino, -NH-C(0)-0-{CH₂)_πι-phenyl, -NH-CJOKHCHa d-dJalkyl. -CH(phenyl)₂, (CrCrJcydoalkyl,

optionalh/-substitute phenyl-{CH₂)_m-O-C(O)-NH-(C₁-C_β)arky1 — ■-

CtOKHC^_βJalkyl or an optionally substituted moiety seieded from the group consisting of imidazolyl, pyridinyl, morpholino, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, pyrazolk inyl. furanyl, phenyl, indolyi and thiophene, provided that when m is 0 in the formula for R⁵ then Z³ is not -NH- dO HCH^_m-phenyl or -NH-C(O HCH₂)_m-(Cι-C«)alkyl;

R⁶ is H or (d-Cβ)alkyl;

R⁷ is (d-C₁₂)alkyl or -(CH^-Z⁴;

Z* is an optionally substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, indolyi, thiophene, benzofbjfuran, benzofbjthiophene, isoxazolyl,

and

Z⁵ is H, (d-Ci₂)alkyl, or-<CH₂)_m-aryl; wherein an optionally substituted moiety is optionally substituted by one or more substituents, each ridependentiy selected from the group consisting of Cl, F, Br, I, CF* CN, N₃. NO* OH, S0₂ H₂. -OCF₃, -SKd-C^alkyl, -C CHjJn.-phenyHX' -(CH₂)_m-C(0)-CHCι-C_β)al(yl, -{CH₂)_n-C(OMCr Cβ)alkyl, -O-(CH₂)_m-N-dH(C₁-C_β)alkyO, and -(CHa)_m-pheπyl-X⁷; X* for each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen. Cl, F, Br, 1. NOj, N,. CN, OH, -CF₃, -OCF₃, (d-d_∑Jalkyl, (d-C^afkoxy. phenyl; X⁷ is -NH-C^NH-HIVX*. wherein X* is thiophene. (d-Cβ)alkyl or phenyl; m for each occurrence is independently 0 or an integer from 1 to 8; and n for each occurrence is independently an integer from 1 to 5; provided that

(a) when R^s is (d-Ci₂)alkyl, or -C(0)-0-Z* and Z⁵ is (d-d^alkyl or optionaUy substituted aryl; R^β is H or (d-Cβ)alkyl; R⁷ is (d-C₁₂)alkyl or Z⁴ and Z* is thiophene or optionally substituted phenyl, then R³ is not -C(0)-0-(CH₂)_m-Z where m is 0 and Z is H or (C,-d₂)alkyl or where m is 1 to 6 and Z is H;

(b) when R⁵ is or optionally subsituted phenyl; R^β is H or (Ci-C»)afl yl; R⁷ is (Cι-C_l2)alkyl and R³ is -O-i H^-Z², then Z² is not an optionaBy substituted moiety selected from the group consisting of phenyl, indolyi, imidazolyl, thiophene, benzothiophene, pyridinyl, and naphthyl; and

(c) when R⁵ is H or (d-Ci_∑JatkyI; R* is (d-Cβ)afcyl; R⁷ is (d-C₁₂)alkyl; and R³ is -O-Z² or -S-Z², then Z² is not an optionally substituted moiety selected from tire group consisting of phenyl, naphthyl, thiophene, benzothienyl and indolyi.

23. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula

wherein

Z³ is -CHj-NHz, -{CHzJ NHs, -{CHj NHa or ; and

X¹ is -(CH₂)rN(CH₃)₂ and X² is benzyl; or X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, to form

24. A compound according to claim 22 of the formula:

wherein Z³ is

X¹ is -(CH₂)₂-N(CH₃)₂ and X² is benzyl; or

X¹ and X² are taken together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, to form

25. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula wherein X² is p-chloro-phenyl, p-methoxy-phenyl, 2,4-dif)uoro-phenyl or thienyl.

26. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula

wherein X² is p-chloro-phenyi, p-methoxy-phenyl, phenyl or thienyl.

27. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula

28. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula

29. A compound according to daim 22 of the formula wherein

R^S is and R⁷ is m-nitro-phenyl or 2-phenyl-ethyl; or

R⁵ is ° and R⁷ is 3,4-dichlorophenyl or ; or

30. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

31. A method of eliciting an agonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

32. A method of eliciting an antagonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

33. A method of binding one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

34. A method of treating acromegaiy. resteno is, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, external and internal pancreatic pseudocysts and ascites, VlPoma, nesidoblastosis, hyperinsulinism, gastrinoma, ZoHinger-Ellison Syndrome, diarrhea, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy related diarrhea, scleroderma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux, duodenogastric reflux, Cushing's Syndrome, gonadotropinoma, hyperparathyrokfom, Graves' Disease, diabetic neuropathy, Pagefs disease, polycystic ovary disease, cancer, cancer cachexia, hypotension, postprandial hypotension, panic attacks. GH secreting adenomas or TSH secreting adenomas, in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

35. A method of treating diabetes melftus, hyperiipidemia, insulin insensitivity, Syndrome X, angiopathy, profiferative retinopathy, dawn phenomenon, Nephropathy. peptic ulcers, enterocutaneous and panCTeaticocutaneous fistula. Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, acute or chronic pancreatitis, gastrointestinal hormone secreting tumors, angiogenesis, inflammatory disorders, chronic allograft rejection, angioplasty, graft vessel bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

36. A method of inhibiting the proliferation of heiicobacter pylori in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according daim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to said subject

37. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to daim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

38. A method of eliciting an agonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 22 or a pharmaceuticaly acceptable salt thereof to said subject

39. A method of eliciting an antagonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject ^*m need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

40. A method of binding one or more somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

41. A method of treating acromegaiy, restenosis, Crohn's disease, systemic sderosis, external and internal pancreatic pseudocysts and ascites, VlPoma, nesidoblastosis. hyperinsulinism, gastrinoma, ZoHinger-Ellison Syndrome, diarrhea, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy related diarrhea, scleroderma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux, duodenogastric reflux, Cushing's Syndrome, gonadotropinoma, hyperparathyroidism, Graves' Disease, diabetic neuropathy, Pagefs disease, polycystic ovary disease, cancer, cancer cachexia, hypotension, postprandial hypotension, panic attacks, GH secreting adenomas or TSH secreting adenomas, in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

42. A method of treating diabetes meRitus, hyperlipidemia, insulin insensitivity, Syndrome X, angiopathy, proBferative retinopathy, dawn phenomenon, Nephropathy, peptic ulcers, enterocutaneous and pancreaticocutaneous fistula, Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, acute or chronic pancreatitis, gastrointestinal hormone secreting tumors, angiogenesis, inflammatory disorders, chronic allograft rejection, angioplasty, graft vessel bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to daim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject

43. A method of inhibiting the proliferation of helicobacter pylori in a subjed in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according daim 22 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to said subject.

44. A compound selected from the group consisting of:

N-{-l-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexyl}-N-cyclohexylamine;

N-{1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}cyclohexanamine;

(4-phenyl-1/Aimidazol-2-yl)methanamine; (1 S)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(2-(1-methyl-1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-1-butanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(6-fluoro-1/-/-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(1 R)-/v-benzyl-2-phenyl-1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(1 R)-2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-(2-phenylethyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 /- -imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine; (1R)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1/-/-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

Λ/-benzyl(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine; tert-butyl (1 ^£?)-1-(4-tetϊ-butyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-ethylcarbamate;

(1R)-/V-benzyl-1-(1-benzyl-4-fe/ -butyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethanamine;

/V-((1 S)-2-(1 7-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 /Aimidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-1-hexanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylcarbamate;

(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

Λ/-benzyl-Λ/-((4-(1 ,T-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methyl)-1-hexanamine;

Λ/-benzyl(4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 /4-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/-methylmethanamine; (R,S)-4-(2-{1-((fert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)pentyl}-1 ry-imidazol-4-yl)-1 , T-biphenyl;

(R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pentanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/,Λ/-dihexyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)hexylcarbamate;

(R,S)-Λ/-hexyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)hexylamine;

(R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(2,6-dichlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(4-chlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine; (R,S)-Λ/-(2-chlorobeπzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(2-fluorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-butyl-1-(4-phenyl-1/4-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-isopentyl-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)amine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/-hexyl-1-heptanamine; (R, S)-V-pentyl-1 -(4-phenyl- 1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1/^L/-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1r- -imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; butyl (4-(1 , -biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate; (R,S)-/V-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclopentanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}-cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}-cyclobutanamine;

(1R)-Λ/-beπzyl-2-(1W-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(R,S)-2-(1 r -indol-3-yl)-1 -(5-methy|-4-phenyl-1 r-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine; (R,S)-2-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(R,S)-2-(1-methyl-1r-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylamine;

(1S)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(1R)-Λ/-benzyl-2-(1/-/-indol-3-yl)-1-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-ethanamine; tert-butyl (1 ?)-2-(1 H-indol-3-yl)-1 -(4-ρhenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate; (1R)-2-(1 - -indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

Λ/-((1R)-2-(1r/-indol-3-y|)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-benzamide; benzyl (1/?)-2-(1r/-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate; tert-butyl (1r?)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-ethylcarbamate; tert-butyl (4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate; tert-butyl (1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate;

Λ/-((1r?)-2-(1r/-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl)-2-ρyrimidinamine;

(1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-nitrophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

( 1 R)-2-( 1 H-indol-3-yl)-Λ/-(2-phenoxyethyl)- 1 -(4-phenyl- 1 r/-imidazol-2-yl)-ethanamine; (1f?)-1-(4-tert-butyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)ethylamine;

/V-benzyl(1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1 V-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

(1 r?)-2-(1 -benzothien-3-yl)-Λ/-benzyl-1 -(4-phenyl-1 r/-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-2-(6-chloro-1 H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-ethylcarbamate;

(R,S)-2-(6-chloro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yI)-ethylamine; tert-butyl (1 r?)-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)butylcarbamate;

(1R)-Λ/-benzyl-3-methyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-phenyl(4-phenyl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)methylcarbamate;

(R,S)-phenyl(4-phenyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)methylamine; tert-butyl (1 ?)-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1 y-imidazol-2-yl)-propylcarbamate; (1R)-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl(phenyl)(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

(1/^c?)-Λ/-benzyl-3-phenyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine;

4-(2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methy!}-1H-imidazol-4-yl)- 1,1'-biphenyl; (1-benzyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-Λ/,Λ/-dimethylmethanamine;

4-(1-benzyl-2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1/-/-imidazol-4-yl)-1 ,1^,-biphenyl;

(4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 W-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

(R,S) 1-(4-phenyl-1/ -imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine;

(1 -benzyl-4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine; (R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

4-(2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyI}-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl; tert-butyl (1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(1-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylcarbamate;

4-(2-{((tert-butoxycarbonyl)(methyl)amino)methyl)-1rV-imidazol-4-yl)-1 , 1 -biphenyl;

(1R)-2-(1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(1-methyl-4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-ethanamine; tert-butyl methyl((5-methyl-4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-methyl)carbamate;

(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)-/V-methylmethanamine;

Λ/-methyl-(5-methyl-4-phenyl-1 V-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

4-(2-{(benzyl(tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)methyl}-1 /-/-imidazol-4-yl)-1 , 1 '-biphenyl;

(1f?)-1-(4-(1, -biphenyl)-4-yl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-3-phenyl-1-propanamine; Λ/-benzyl(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1W-imidazol-2-yl)methanamine;

(1r?)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(1 ,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-3-phenyl-1-propanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pentylcarbamate;

(R,S)-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pentanamine;

(R,S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)pentylamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1 -(4-(4-methylphenyl)-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-heρtylcarbamate; tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-heptylcarbamate;

(R, S)- 1 -(4-(4-methylphenyl)- 1 tf-imidazol-2-yl)- 1 -heptanamine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-ben∑yl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-pentanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1 -(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1 W-imidazol^-y heptylcarbamate;

(R,S)-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1ry-imidazol-2-yI)-heptylcarbamate;

(R,S)-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)heptylamine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; (R,S)-4-(2-{1-((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)heptyl}-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1 ,1'-biphenyl;

(R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(3-bromophenyf)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

4-(2-{(1 S)-1-((tert-butoxycarboriyl)amino)propyl}-1/-/-imidazol-4-yl)-1,1 '-biphenyl;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(1,1^,-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; (1 S)-1-(4-(1 ,T-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine;

(1S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1-propanamine;

(R,S)-/V-benzyI-1-(4-(4-methylphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-V-benzyl-1-(4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-hexanamine; (R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)benzonitrile;

(R,S)-1-(4-(4-bromophenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine; tert-butyl (1f?)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)butylcarbamate;

4-(2-{(1 Ry\ -((tert-butoxycarbonyl)amino)butyl}-1 /-/-imidazol-4-yl)-1 , 1 '-biphenyl;

(1 R)-1 -(4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -butanamine; (R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-2,6-di(tert-butyl)-phenol;

(1 R)-1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -butanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-bromophenyl)-1 -/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(1/=?)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -butanamine;

(1R)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-butanamine; (R,S)-Λ/-(3-chlorobenzyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1r -imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine;

(R,S)-4-{2-(1-(benzylamino)heptyl)-1W-imidazol-4-yl}benzonitrile;

(R,S)-4-(2-(1-aminoheptyl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-Λ/,Λ/-diethylaniline;

(1R)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine; (R,S)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

Λ/-((1 S)-1-(4-(1 , 1 '-biphenyl)-4-yl-1 W-imidazol-2-yl)propyl)-1-butanamine;

(1R)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine;

(R,S)-V-(1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)-Λ/-propylamine; (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3-methoxyphenyl)-1ry-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-4-{2-(1-(benzylamino)heptyl)-1 -/-imidazol-4-yI}benzonitrile;

(R,S)-Λ/-(4-methoxybenzyl)-1 -(4-phenyl-1 H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine;

(R,S)-/V-benzyl-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1f -imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(2-chlorophenyl)-1H-imidazoI-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine; (R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-Λ/-(1-{4-(4-(diethylamino)phenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl}heptyl)amine;

(R,S)-1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine; tert-butyl (R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1/-/-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexylcarbamate;

(R,S)-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-1-hexanamine; (R,S)-/V-isobutyl-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methyl-1-hexanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-benzyl-1-(4-(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1-heptanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1ι^L -imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)cyclobutanamine;

4-(2-{(1 S)-1-((butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl}-1H-imidazol-4-yl)-1,1'-biphenyl; 4-(2-{(1 R)-1 -((butoxycarbonyl)amino)ethyl}-1 H-imidazol-4-yl)-1 , 1 '-biphenyl;

(R,S)-/V-isopropyl-Λ/-(1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)amine;

(R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1r/-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl}-cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-V-(1-(4-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)heptyl)-cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-2-(5-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethylamine; Λ/-{(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1 r -imidazol-2-yl)methyl}cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-{2-(5-fluoro-1H-indol-3-yl)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethyl}- cyclobutanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-4-methylpentyl}-cyclohexanamine;

(R,S)-Λ/-(cyclohexyimethyl)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-1 -heptanamine; (R,S)-Λ/-{1-(4-(3-bromophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-5-methylhexyl}-cyclohexanamine; and

Λ/-{(1R)-1-(4-(4-fluorophenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl)-2-methylpropyl}-cyclohexanamine; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

45. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

46. A method of eliciting an agonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject.

47. A method of eliciting an antagonist effect from one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject.

48. A method of binding one or more of a somatostatin subtype receptor in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject.

49. A method of treating acromegaiy, restenosis, Crohn's disease, systemic sclerosis, external and internal pancreatic pseudocysts and ascites, VIPoma, nesidoblastosis, hyperinsulinism, gastrinoma, ZoHinger-Ellison Syndrome, diarrhea, AIDS related diarrhea, chemotherapy related diarrhea, scleroderma, Irritable Bowel Syndrome, pancreatitis, small bowel obstruction, gastroesophageal reflux, duodenogastric reflux, Cushing's Syndrome, gonadotropinoma, hyperparathyroidism, Graves' Disease, diabetic neuropathy, Pagefs disease, polycystic ovary disease, cancer, cancer cachexia, hypotension, postprandial hypotension, panic attacks, GH secreting adenomas or TSH secreting adenomas, in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject.

50. A method of treating diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, insulin insensitivity, Syndrome X, angiopathy, proliferative retinopathy, dawn phenomenon, Nephropathy, peptic ulcers, enterocutaneous and pancreaticocutaneous fistula, Dumping syndrome, watery diarrhea syndrome, acute or chronic pancreatitis, gastrointestinal hormone secreting tumors, angiogenesis, inflammatory disorders, chronic allograft rejection, angioplasty, graft vessel bleeding or gastrointestinal bleeding in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according to claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof to said subject.

51. A method of inhibiting the proliferation of helicobacter pylori in a subject in need thereof, which comprises administering an effective amount of a compound according claim 44 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, to said subject.