AU2001276230B2 - Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices - Google Patents
Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices Download PDFInfo
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- AU2001276230B2 AU2001276230B2 AU2001276230A AU2001276230A AU2001276230B2 AU 2001276230 B2 AU2001276230 B2 AU 2001276230B2 AU 2001276230 A AU2001276230 A AU 2001276230A AU 2001276230 A AU2001276230 A AU 2001276230A AU 2001276230 B2 AU2001276230 B2 AU 2001276230B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R25/00—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception
- H04R25/35—Deaf-aid sets, i.e. electro-acoustic or electro-mechanical hearing aids; Electric tinnitus maskers providing an auditory perception using translation techniques
- H04R25/356—Amplitude, e.g. amplitude shift or compression
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
- H03G7/00—Volume compression or expansion in amplifiers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
- H04R3/00—Circuits for transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Neurosurgery (AREA)
- Otolaryngology (AREA)
- Tone Control, Compression And Expansion, Limiting Amplitude (AREA)
Description
2 METHOD FOR PROCESSING AN INPUT SIGNAL TO GENERATE AN OUTPUT SIGNAL AS WELL AS A USE OF SAID METHOD IN A HEARING DEVICE OR IN A HEARING AID The present invention relates to a method for processing an input signal to generate an output signal, and to applications of that method in hearing aids and listening devices.
So-called transient limiters are signal processing units which are capable, without any delay or overshoot, of limiting rapidly ramping, short-duration i.e. transient signal components to a predefined level, hereinafter referred to as the threshold value. The threshold value concerned, at which the transient limiter performs its function, is not signal-dependent but can instead be set as a parameter.
Transient limiters are employed for instance in hearing devices which serve to compensate for a patient's hearing impairment, but also in auditory amplification systems which are used for enhancing audibility in special situations such as listening and monitoring operations. In the following description the term "hearing device" is to be understood as comprehensively referring to the medical hearing aids and to the listening devices mentioned above.
Where any of the following elucidations relate uniquely to applications in listening devices, they will be explicitly identified as such.
H:\jeI\Kccp\Sped\2OO05\2001276230. DOC 6/09105 3 In hearing devices, transient limiters serve the purpose of preventing the maximum output level in the hearing device from exceeding a predefined threshold value. This protects the user of the hearing device from excessive noise exposure.
It is a known fact that human speech occupies a dynamic range of about -15 to +18 dB (decibels) around the respective mean level, which is about 60 to 65 dB in quiet surroundings with little ambient noise. In loud surroundings, the mean level can rise to about 80 dB or higher. Given these facts, the conventional methods for limiting the audio signal components for persons with normal hearing have employed fixed maximum values of 100 to 120 dB. In cases of diminished hearing capacity, the threshold value is suitably set at a comfortable maximum level below the threshold of pain for the patient or user.
It is a characteristic aspect of human auditory perception that not only sound levels above the maximum threshold value or comfort level are bothersome. Indeed, it is also transient sounds (such as intermittent noise), even when at a level distinctly below the maximum threshold value, that are perceived as unpleasant in an otherwise prevalently quiet environment. For example, in quiet surroundings, the transient noise of dishes and cutlery, even if well below the maximum threshold value of 100 to 120 dB, creates an unpleasant auditory sensation.
H:\jamn\Kcp\SpeciU2005\20276230. DOC 6/09/D5 4 C According to one aspect of the present invention there is Uprovided a method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the method comprising the steps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the C( input signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of 10 the mean value; and Slimiting the output signal in the hearing device Cl by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is equal to the mean level of the input signal plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the method comprising the steps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of the main value; and limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is equal to the mean value plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value, and wherein the threshold value is always 4a C greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum threshold Uvalue.
MAccording to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit the output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal has been fed, the method comprising the steps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the Sinput signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of the main value; and limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is always greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum threshold value.
According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a system adapted to determine a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the system comprising: means for determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; means for adjusting the threshold value as a function of the mean value, the threshold value being adjusted independently of the output signal; a processing unit which receives an input signal and is adapted to determine a threshold value for the purpose of limiting the output signal, said threshold value being adjustable as a function of the level of the input signal, and means for limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is In an embodiment said time interval T has a duration of five seconds.
In an embodiment a maximum threshold value is established.
In an embodiment the maximum threshold value is selected to be equal to an upper comfort level of a hearing-impaired person.
In an embodiment a minimum threshold value is established.
In an embodiment the minimum threshold value is selected to be equal to an output level that results from an input level of preferably 80 dB and the corresponding amplification at that input level that is produced for a hearing-impaired person.
In an embodiment the differential amount is adjusted according to a compression ratio for a hearing-impaired person.
The invention also relates to an apparatus for implementing the above method comprising a processing unit which receives an input signal and which permits within the processing unit the determination of a threshold value for the purpose of limiting the output signal, said threshold value being adjustable as a function of the level of the input signal.
H:\janRKeep\Spec?200\2001276230.DOC 6/09/05 6 By setting the threshold value as a function of the level of the input signal, i.e. adaptively, it is possible to limit even transient noise whose level is well below the maximum threshold value, thus permitting a significantly greater hearing comfort for the wearer of the hearing device.
The following explains the present invention in more detail with the aid of a drawing showing an example. The only figure shows a course of an effective threshold, selected according to an embodiment of the present invention, as a function of a given level of the input signal.
The method according to an embodiment of the present invention and its various applications are explained based on the course of an adjustable threshold values shown in the only figure as a function of a given input signal I.
This is with initial reference to a person with normal hearing.
In the figure, GO represents the curve of the threshold value set according to the embodiment of the present invention and indicated by a solid line. GS represents the median curve of the level of an input signal, indicated by a dash-dotted line.
The method according to the embodiment of the present invention continuously determines a threshold value 0 which, when necessary i.e. when the level of the input signal is too high, serves as the limiting parameter. To H:\jancI\Kp\Speci2005\2001276230. DOC 6109/0S 7 that effect the respective momentary threshold value 0 is a function of the level I of the input signal. It follows that the threshold value which serves to limit the level of the input signal is continuously adapted to the varying, momentarily prevailing auditory conditions; in other words, the threshold value is adjusted in adaptive fashion.
The threshold value 0 can be set by first defining a momentary mean level I of the input signal. This may be accomplished for instance by the following approach: )s(t).d To Calculated along this formula is a time-based mean value I across the magnitude of the input signal with the averaging performed over a time interval T which may be a time span of for instance 5 seconds. The formula shown can be applied directly to analog systems. From it, the expert can easily derive a corresponding formula for digital systems.
In another embodiment of the method according to the present invention, the average or mean level I of the input signal s(t) can be determined strictly on the basis of ambient noise without factoring in any voice signals of interest.
To avoid clipping any voice or speech signals, the invention further proposes to set the momentary threshold H:\janlI\Kcep\Specik2OO5\200127623O.DOC 6/09/05 8 value 0 at a point higher by a differential amount TRa, than the mean level I. The momentary threshold value is preferably set twenty decibels (dB) above that mean or average level I so that, given the aforementioned dynamic range of voice signals which straddles the mean level from about -15 dB to +18 dB, any voice limitation is prevented.
In the diagram, Im represents a mean level of the input signal, calculated by the formula shown above. Based on the value for the level Im a threshold value OTR is set which can be determined by adding a mean output signal ,Om to the differential amount TRW. The determination according to the present invention of the momentary threshold value OTR provides significantly greater hearing comfort for the wearer of the hearing device for as long as the mean level I remains within an interval of Il to 12. If a mean level I of the input signal were to be set at above the level 12 and the method according to the present invention as described thus far is applied, the resulting level of the output signal would be above the threshold of pain.
Conversely, if the mean level I of the input signal were to be set at below the level Ii and the method according to the present invention as described thus far is applied, it would pose the risk of at least the first few spoken syllables being clipped, i.e. limited, before the mean level I regains higher values.
Therefore, to prevent the effective threshold value 0 from rising too high in the case of noisy surroundings, another form of implementation of the method provides for the H:\janKeep\Spci'\205\200 127623O.D OC 6109/05 9 establishment of a maximum threshold value 0 that value preferably being 120 dB. In the diagram this is expressed by a horizontal progression of the curve GO of the threshold value at O..
Further to the above, another form of implementation of this method provides for the setting of a minimum threshold value Omin, for the following reason: In quiet surroundings the mean level I quickly drops to values below 45 dB. That would swallow up, i.e. limit, at least any first spoken syllable before the mean level I has returned to 60 dB.
This can be avoided by setting a minimum threshold value Omin, preferably at 80 dB, which then constitutes the lowest acceptable level. The diagram again shows a horizontal progression of the curve GO of the threshold value at Om.
As was pointed out further above, the description so far given is based on the application of the method in a hearing device, i.e. listening device, for a person with normal hearing. Where the method is applied in the hearing device of a hearing-impaired person, a corresponding adaptation of the numerical parameters is necessary.
The following implementation examples of the method are specifically aimed at listening device-type hearing devices.
The minimum threshold value Omin is amplified by a gain factor averaged over the applicable range. At the same time the maximum value Oma for the threshold value 0 is adjusted H:\janel\IrpkSpeci\205l\2001276230.DOC 6/09/05 to the upper comfort level (UCL) of the person concerned.
In addition, the differential amount TRmax is adjusted to a
O
Suser-specific compression ratio. In comprehensive terms, 00 the parameters involved, these being the minimum threshold value Omin, the maximum value Omax for the threshold value 0 and the differential amount TRm,, are converted into M output-specific values. Depending on the fitting function O employed, this involves an input-level-dependent CI amplification of the values Omin and Omax and a corresponding compression factor for TRmax. Typical CI compression factors range from 1 (one), meaning no compression, to four Another form of implementation provides for a soft or a hard limitation of the input signals. In the case of a hard limitation the output signal, with the correct sign, is limited to the respective level of the threshold value not until that is about to be exceeded. The limit can be viewed as a compression factor of infinite magnitude. In the case of a soft limitation an increasingly larger compression factor is applied even before the threshold value is reached. The concomitant distortion causes any harmonics to weaken, the signal form to look "rounder" and the signal thus limited to have a more pleasant sound.
In the claims which follow and in the preceding description, except where the context requires otherwise due to express language or necessary implication, the word "comprise" or variations such as "comprises" or "comprising" is used in an inclusive sense, i.e. to specify the presence of the stated features but not to preclude the presence or addition of further features in various embodiments of the invention.
N \MIboum\CesPagen\49000-49999\P49SR AtASpciS\P49058.AU Spcification 2007.10-18 dec 7/11/07
Claims (11)
1. A method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the method comprising the steps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of the mean value; and limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is equal to the mean level of the input signal plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value.
2. A method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit the output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal has been fed, the method comprising the steps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of the main value; and limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is always greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum threshold value.
3. A method for determining a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an L 12 output signal of a processing unit into which an input Ssignal, has been fed, the method comprising the Ssteps of: determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; adjusting the threshold value as a function of the main value; and CI limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold 10 value is adjusted independently of the output signal, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value CI which is equal to the mean value plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value, and wherein the threshold value is always greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum threshold value.
4. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mean value is determined according to the following formula: T s(t)ldt 0 wherein T represents a time interval.
5. The method of claim i, wherein the upper value is always less than an upper comfort level.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the upper value is always less than an upper comfort level.
7. The method of any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the threshold value is adjusted along a compression ratio for a hearing-impaired person.
8. Use of the method of claim 5, for operating the hearing device for a hearing-impaired person.
13- O 9. Use of the method of claim 6, for operating the Shearing device for a hearing-impaired person. A system adapted to determine a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input Ssignal, has been fed, the system comprising: C1 means for determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; means for adjusting the threshold value as a function of the mean value, the threshold value being C( adjusted independently of the output signal; a processing unit which receives an input signal and is adapted to determine a threshold value for the purpose of limiting the output signal, said threshold value being adjustable as a function of the level of the input signal, and means for limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is equal to the mean level of the input signal plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value. 11. A system adapted to determine a threshold value in a hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the system comprising: means for determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; means for adjusting the threshold value as a function of the mean value, the threshold value being adjusted independently of the output signal;
14- O a processing unit which receives an input signal Sand is adapted to determine a threshold value for the Spurpose of limiting the output signal, said threshold value being adjustable as a function of the level of the input signal, and means for limiting the output signal in the Shearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein CI the threshold value is always greater than or equal to a \O predetermined threshold value. 12. A system adapted to determine a threshold value in a c hearing device, the threshold value serving to limit an output signal of a processing unit into which an input signal, has been fed, the system comprising: means for determining a mean value, I, of a level of the input signal in the hearing device; means for adjusting the threshold value as a function of the mean value, the threshold value being adjusted independently of the output signal; a processing unit which receives an input signal and is adapted to determine a threshold value for the purpose of limiting the output signal, said threshold value being adjustable as a function of the level of the input signal, and means for limiting the output signal in the hearing device by applying the threshold value, wherein the threshold value is adjusted to an upper value which is equal to the mean value plus a preset difference, the output signal being limited by applying the upper value in case the output signal would be higher than the upper value, and wherein the threshold value is always greater than or equal to a predetermined minimum threshold value. 15 13. The system of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the mean value is obtained by the following formula: T I Swherein T represents a time interval. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the upper value is always less than an upper comfort level. ^c 15. The system of claim 10, wherein the upper value is always less than an upper comfort level.
16. The system of any one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the threshold value is adjusted along a compression ratio for a hearing-impaired person.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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PCT/CH2001/000484 WO2001076063A2 (en) | 2001-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices |
Publications (3)
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AU2001276230A1 AU2001276230A1 (en) | 2002-01-03 |
AU2001276230B2 true AU2001276230B2 (en) | 2008-01-10 |
AU2001276230B9 AU2001276230B9 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
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AU2001276230A Expired AU2001276230B9 (en) | 2001-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices |
AU7623001A Pending AU7623001A (en) | 2001-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices |
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AU7623001A Pending AU7623001A (en) | 2001-08-08 | 2001-08-08 | Method for processing an input signal for producing an output signal and an application of said method in hearing aids and devices |
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Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP1415393B1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2004524714A (en) |
AU (2) | AU2001276230B9 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2425180A1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE50115477D1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK1415393T3 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2001076063A2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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EP1351550B1 (en) * | 2002-09-10 | 2010-11-10 | Phonak Ag | Method for adapting a signal amplification in a hearing aid and a hearing aid |
DE602006000772T2 (en) * | 2006-05-10 | 2009-04-16 | Phonak Ag | The hearing instrument |
US8213653B2 (en) | 2006-05-10 | 2012-07-03 | Phonak Ag | Hearing device |
EP1773099A1 (en) * | 2006-05-30 | 2007-04-11 | Phonak AG | Method and system for providing hearing assistance to a user |
Citations (3)
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US4182993A (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-01-08 | Dbx Inc. | Signal amplitude compression system |
US4208548A (en) * | 1977-07-19 | 1980-06-17 | Orban Associates, Inc. | Apparatus and method for peak-limiting audio frequency signals |
GB1599401A (en) * | 1978-04-18 | 1981-09-30 | Nat Res Dev | Input signal level control for communications channels |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5119482B2 (en) * | 1972-10-12 | 1976-06-17 | ||
JPH08317496A (en) * | 1995-05-19 | 1996-11-29 | Hitachi Ltd | Digital sound signal processor |
JPH10200996A (en) * | 1997-01-09 | 1998-07-31 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Hearing aid and method for adjusting it |
JP3908833B2 (en) * | 1997-08-22 | 2007-04-25 | ソニー株式会社 | Audio processing device |
JP3670962B2 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 2005-07-13 | ヴェーデクス・アクティーセルスカプ | Dynamic automatic gain control in hearing aids |
JPH11225398A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 1999-08-17 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Loudness adjusting method and hearing aid |
AU4278300A (en) * | 1999-04-26 | 2000-11-10 | Dspfactory Ltd. | Loudness normalization control for a digital hearing aid |
JP3894695B2 (en) * | 2000-01-21 | 2007-03-22 | 松下電器産業株式会社 | Hearing aid adjustment device and hearing aid |
-
2001
- 2001-08-08 DE DE50115477T patent/DE50115477D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-08 CA CA002425180A patent/CA2425180A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2001-08-08 EP EP01953739A patent/EP1415393B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2001-08-08 JP JP2001573628A patent/JP2004524714A/en active Pending
- 2001-08-08 DK DK01953739.8T patent/DK1415393T3/en active
- 2001-08-08 WO PCT/CH2001/000484 patent/WO2001076063A2/en active Application Filing
- 2001-08-08 AU AU2001276230A patent/AU2001276230B9/en not_active Expired
- 2001-08-08 AU AU7623001A patent/AU7623001A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4208548A (en) * | 1977-07-19 | 1980-06-17 | Orban Associates, Inc. | Apparatus and method for peak-limiting audio frequency signals |
GB1599401A (en) * | 1978-04-18 | 1981-09-30 | Nat Res Dev | Input signal level control for communications channels |
US4182993A (en) * | 1978-11-02 | 1980-01-08 | Dbx Inc. | Signal amplitude compression system |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1415393B1 (en) | 2010-05-05 |
WO2001076063A2 (en) | 2001-10-11 |
DE50115477D1 (en) | 2010-06-17 |
WO2001076063A9 (en) | 2002-07-18 |
WO2001076063A3 (en) | 2002-09-26 |
AU7623001A (en) | 2001-10-15 |
JP2004524714A (en) | 2004-08-12 |
CA2425180A1 (en) | 2003-04-07 |
AU2001276230B9 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
EP1415393A2 (en) | 2004-05-06 |
DK1415393T3 (en) | 2010-08-30 |
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