AU1210999A - Sandwich-type footwear stiffening element of rigid or at least semi-rigid be havior, usable as part of the sole unit or insole - Google Patents

Sandwich-type footwear stiffening element of rigid or at least semi-rigid be havior, usable as part of the sole unit or insole Download PDF

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Publication number
AU1210999A
AU1210999A AU12109/99A AU1210999A AU1210999A AU 1210999 A AU1210999 A AU 1210999A AU 12109/99 A AU12109/99 A AU 12109/99A AU 1210999 A AU1210999 A AU 1210999A AU 1210999 A AU1210999 A AU 1210999A
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AU
Australia
Prior art keywords
stiffening element
portions
footwear
rigid
stiffening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Abandoned
Application number
AU12109/99A
Inventor
Fillippo Pavesi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fila Sport SpA
Original Assignee
Fila Sport SpA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fila Sport SpA filed Critical Fila Sport SpA
Publication of AU1210999A publication Critical patent/AU1210999A/en
Abandoned legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/026—Composites, e.g. carbon fibre or aramid fibre; the sole, one or more sole layers or sole part being made of a composite
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/02—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units characterised by the material
    • A43B13/12—Soles with several layers of different materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B13/00—Soles; Sole-and-heel integral units
    • A43B13/38—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process
    • A43B13/41—Built-in insoles joined to uppers during the manufacturing process, e.g. structural insoles; Insoles glued to shoes during the manufacturing process combined with heel stiffener, toe stiffener, or shank stiffener
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B5/00—Footwear for sporting purposes
    • A43B5/04—Ski or like boots
    • A43B5/0486—Ski or like boots characterized by the material
    • A43B5/049—Ski or like boots characterized by the material with an upper made of composite material, e.g. fibers or core embedded in a matrix
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/141—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form having an anatomical or curved form
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A43—FOOTWEAR
    • A43B—CHARACTERISTIC FEATURES OF FOOTWEAR; PARTS OF FOOTWEAR
    • A43B7/00—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements
    • A43B7/14—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts
    • A43B7/1405—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form
    • A43B7/1415—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot
    • A43B7/142—Footwear with health or hygienic arrangements with foot-supporting parts with pads or holes on one or more locations, or having an anatomical or curved form characterised by the location under the foot situated under the medial arch, i.e. under the navicular or cuneiform bones

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
  • Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)

Description

S F Ref: 448118
AUSTRALIA
PATENTS ACT 1990 COMPLETE SPECIFICATION FOR A STANDARD PATENT
ORIGINAL
0S
S.
S
S. S 355
S
Name and Address of Applicant: Fila Sport S.p.A.
Viale Cesare Battisti, 26 13900 Biella
ITALY
Actual Inventor(s): Address for Service: Fillippo Pavesi 960 0 Spruson Ferguson, Patent Attorneys Level 33 St Martins Tower, 31 Market Street Sydney, New South Wales, 2000, Australia Sandwich-type Footwear Stiffening Element of Rigid or at Least Semi-rigid Behaviour, Usable as Part of the Sole Unit or Insole Invention Title: The following statement is a full description of this invention, including the best method of performing it known to me/us:- 5845 1 SANDWICH-TYPE FOOTWEAR STIFFENING ELEMENT OF RIGID OR AT LEAST SEMI-RIGID BEHAVIOUR, USABLE AS PART OF THE SOLE UNIT OR INSOLE This invention relates to a footwear element of rigid or semirigid behaviour, in accordance with the introduction to the main 5" claim.
9: As is well known, for certain footwear, and in particular sports footwear, the sole unit must behave rigidly or at least semirigidly. This is for example the case in mountain shoes or boots, cycle shoes and boots for roller skates (both of traditional type o0 and with in-line wheels), or in footwear used for certain athletics specialities. This sole unit behaviour is required in order to achieve better foot support and/or to enable the user or athlete to transfer the greatest possible force to the ground or to the vehicle on which he moves (for example a bicycle), in order 5 to achieve improved performance.
Usually, to achieve a greater or lesser rigidity of the sole unit (traditionally of leather or rubber, or of rubber and/or synthetic polymer mixtures), two different methods are used, namely by inserting into the shoe vamp an insole constructed of more rigid materials than those used for the sole unit, such as wood, leather, cellulose conglomerates (such as that known by the commercial name of Texon), or of synthetic polyurethane resins, polypropylene, nylon or the like, or by metal blade or bar inserts; or by using rigid materials for the sole unit itself, a such as leather, wood or synthetic resins of the aforesaid type.
The first method (insole) is used for example for mountain shoes or boots, and the second method for example for clogs.
These solutions only partly achieve the desired object, ie they achieve only a limited sole or insole rigidity.
Footwear has recently appeared on the market having the sole unit or insole (and in particular the whole or part of the sole unit) 6 constructed of composite materials combining fabrics or fibres of light materials having a high elastic modulus (such as carbon, aramid, glass or synthetic resin fibres) embedded in a resin acting as a binder. Such solutions and constructional methods result in components (soles or insoles) having a considerable to rigidity/weight ratio, making them advantageous over components obtained by the two aforesaid methods. However these components *have a higher cost than that achieved by the other said known methods. This derives from the high cost of certain fibres (such *o :as carbon fibres) and of the production process, which is usually slower and more delicate than those involved in the production of go.
components constructed only of synthetic resins or by the other aforesaid known methods An object of this invention is to provide a footwear element of rigid or semi-rigid behaviour for use in footwear as a sole unit Sor part of the sole unit or as an insole which, although providing the footwear with the required rigidity, is of very low constructional cost.
:i This and further objects which will be apparent to the expert of the art are attained by a footwear element in accordance with the g characterising part of the main claim.
The invention will be more apparent from the accompanying drawing, which is provided by way of non-limiting example and on which: Figure 1 is an exploded view of a mountain boot provided with the element of the invention; 3C Figure 2 is a section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1; Figure 3 is a cross-section through a cycling shoe provided with the element of the invention; Figure 4 is an exploded view of a different embodiment of the invention; Figure 5 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of the invention; Figures 6A, 6B, 6C are sections through that portion of the element of the invention indicated by K in Figure 4; Figures 7A, 7B, 7C are sections on the line 7-7 of Figure 4 showing different forms of the element of the invention; Figure 8 shows a further embodiment of the invention; (0 Figures 8A, 88 and 8C are sections on the lines 8A-8A, 8B-8B and 8C-8C of Figure 8 respectively; Figure 9 shows a further variant of the invention; and Figures 9A, 98 and 9C are sections on the lines 9A-9A, 9B-9B and 9C-9C of Figure 9 respectively.
S Said figures show an element 1 for footwear such as a mountain boot 2 or a cycle shoe 3, said element being arranged to stiffen a lower part 4 of said footwear, which comprises a vamp 7 associated with said part 4. In one embodiment of the footwear, shown in Figures 1 and 2, this lower part 4 comprises a sole unit 8 of rubber or similar material, on which the rigid or semi-rigid element 1 is positioned and fixed to act as an insole. Between the element 1 and sole unit 8 there can be provided a damping intersole 9 of expanded polyurethane or expanded ethylvinylacetate (EVA). On the element 1 there is placed a usual removable *1 anatomic insole 10. Consequently in these figures, the element 1 stiffens the part 4, and is fixed to the sole unit by gluing or the like.
In contrast, in Figure 3 the element 1 acts as the actual sole unit, and is joined to the vamp in the usual manner, for example o by gluing. The removable insole 10 is placed on the element 1 as in the footwear embodiment of Figures 1 and 2, added pieces of rubber 11 (or other like material) possibly being applied externally to the lower side of said element and fixed to this element in known manner, for example by gluing.
The element 1 is of layered type and comprises (see Figures 6A, 6B and 6C) three layers mutually superposed to form a one-piece sandwich. The outer layers 13 and 14 are of a material having greater rigidity than the inner layer 15, the thickness of this 1 latter being however greater than the individual layers 13 and 14.
Preferably the layers 13 and 14 (connected together laterally, at the edges or side walls 26 and 27 of the element 1, so as to enclose the layer 15 within them), are constructed of the same material, and in particular of artificial plastic or synthetic iv resin, or of nylon, polyurethane or polypropylene, or of composite material comprising synthetic resins and fabrics or fibres of carbon aramid, glass or other synthetic resins. The layer acting as the core of the layered structure !A of the element 1, is constructed of a lighter material than the constituent material i of the layers 13 and 14, such as artificial plastic foam or expanded resin (shown in Figure 6C), cellular materials of natural origin (such as light wood, shown in Figure 6A), or cavitycontaining materials (Figure 6B8) formed from touching cylindrical plastic elements 17 of equal or different circular cross-sections 0 or of elliptical or polygonal cross-sections. The elements 17 can be solid or hollow and define a honeycomb structure.
As stated, the various layers 13, 14 and 15 are joined together to form a one-piece structure 1A which cannot be separated into its various components. The various components (layers) of the Sstructure 1A are integrated in various ways: for example by polymerizing the epoxy resin with which the layers 13 and 14 have been preimpregnated, if thermoplastic materials are used; by softening the resin defining the core (Figure 60) until fusion, if thermoplastic materials are used for the layers 13 and 14; or by gluing the various layers together, this method being suitable whether the layers 13 and 14 are of thermosetting or thermoplastic materials.
A stiffening element 1 obtained in accordance with the invention is of lower cost than a known equal-thickness similar element obtained from composite materials, however its rigidity is comparable to these. The element 1 is very light in weight compared with analogous known elements, while having at least a comparable rigidity to these layer. It is preferably used along the entire extent of the lower part 4 of the footwear 2 or 3 (ie S along the entire foot of the user) and can comprise a plurality of portions of constant or variable cross-section 20, 21, 22 (Figure but again in layer form) with different flexibilities on the basis of their position relative to the user's foot (for example with greater flexibility at the forefoot). This different i'o flexibility can also be obtained by constructing the element 1 in one piece (but again of layer form) with different thicknesses, decreasing towards the front end 23 of the element 1 (with reference to the foot shape of the user wearing the footwear 2 or as shown in Figures 4 and 5. Alternatively, the thickness of S. the element 1 can be greater in the forefoot portion or region and decrease towards the heel region 22, or be constant along its entire longitudinal axis A, as shown in Figure 1. Furthermore, the cross-section of the element 1 can be constant (Figure 7A), o o "variable (Figure 7B) and decreasing towards its lateral edges 26 o and 27, or comprise ribs 28 (Figure 7C) for further stiffening.
Alternatively, to achieve differential rigidity for the element 1, it can comprise differently ribbed portions (as in the embodiment of Figure 8 to 8C). For example the front portion or forefoot can comprise at least one pair of lower parallel ribs 33, with no Q•S "ribs on the arch portion, and with the heel or ankle portion 22 comprising only one central rib 34.
In a further variant of the invention (see Figures 9 to 9C), at least the lower part (with reference to the figures under examination) can be clad with a film 36 of thermoplastic material (such as that known by the commercial name of PEBAX) able to protect that element. As shown in Figure 9, the film 36 can also cover at least a portion of the upper part of the insert, in its forefoot region 20, and in that case also wrap the lateral part of the corresponding element 1 (see Figure 9A). This film is 3 associated with the element 1 for example during the 6 polymerization of the aforedescribed resin, or otherwise during the assembly (moulding) of the various portions of said element.
During this stage, a layer 44 of fibrous material, such as felt or non-woven fabric, can also be associated with the underside of the S element 1 (see Figures 9 to 9C). This facilitates the subsequent fixing of this element into the sole unit or onto the intersole (or equivalent element) when this element is finally positioned, as a foot support, within the relative footwear (for example the boot 2).
to Other variants of the invention can be devised in the light of the aforegoing description, and are to be considered as falling within Sthe scope of this document.
o.oo

Claims (23)

1. An element of rigid or at least semi-rigid behaviour for stiffening a lower part or portion of footwear and suitable for use as the sole unit or as an insole or internal foot support for the footwear, this latter comprising a vamp (7) associated with the lower portion of the footwear, characterised in that said element presents a layered body (1A) comprising at least three mutually associated superposed portions (13, 14, 15) defining a sandwich structure, the outer portions (13, 14) having greater rigidity than the inner portion these portions being stably joined together to form a single body (1A). o
2. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being positioned on a sole unit and acting as an assembly foot support.
3. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being positioned on the outside of the footwear to act as a sole unit.
4. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being positioned along the entire plantar arch by the user who wears the footwear. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by comprising portions of differential flexibility, preferably with greater flexibility at its front end (23).
6. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that said portions are well defined parts (20, 21, 22) of its body (1A).
7. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that said portions are defined by a variation in the thickness of the body (1A) of the element this thickness decreasing at 8 the front end (23) of said body.
8. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being of constant cross-section.
9. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 5, characterised in that the thickness of the portions (20, 21, 22) of its body (1A) decrease along the longitudinal axis of said body in passing from the forefoot portion (20) to the heel portion (21). A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by a tapered cross-section in correspondence with its lateral edges (25, 27). S11. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by comprising surface projections (28) extending from a free face thereof. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by comprising at least one stiffening rib (33, 34) along at least a part of that surface facing the lower part of the footwear (2, 3) with which it is associated.
13. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the outer portions or layers (13, 14) of its layered body (1A) are joined together at the lateral edges (26, 27) of said body, said portions enclosing the central portion or core
14. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 13, characterised in that the outer portions (13, 14) of its layered body (1A) are of an artificial plastic material of at least relatively high rigidity. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the outer portions (13, 14) are of polyurethane.
16. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the outer portions (13, 14) are of polypropylene.
17. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the outer portions (13, 14) are of nylon.
18. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 14, characterised in that the outer portions (13, 14) are of composite material.
19. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 18, characterised in that the composite material comprises a carbon, aramid, glass or similar fibre fabric. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 18, characterised in that the composite material comprises carbon, aramid, glass or similar fibres. CC C I C C Ce C
21. A stiffening element in that the inner portion or expanded resin.
22. A stiffening element in that the inner portion or natural origin.
23. A stiffening element in that the inner portion or as claimed in claim 1, characterised core (15) is of plastic foam or as claimed in claim 1, characterised core (15) is of cellular material of as claimed in claim 1, characterised core (15) is of honeycomb material. see C 9 0
24. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the inner portion (15) comprises cylindrical elements positioned between the outer layers (13, 14). A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being clad, at least on one of its faces, with a protection film (36).
26. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 25, characterised in that the protection film (36) is of thermoplastic material.
27. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised by being clad, at least on one of its faces, with a fibrous material layer (44).
28. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the various portions (13, 14, 15) of the layered body are joined together by gluing.
29. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the various portions (13, 14, 15) of the layered body (1A) are joined together by polymerizing the resinous material defining the outer layers of said body. A stiffening element as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the various portions (13, 14, 15) of the layered body (1A) are joined together by fusing the inner layer
31. An element of rigid or at least semi-rigid behaviour, said element substantially as described herein with reference to Fig's: 1 and 2; 3; 4 and 6A to 7C; 8 to 8C; or 9 to 9C of the accompanying drawings. no 15 DATED this Eleventh Day of January 1999 Fila Sports S.p.A. Patent Attorneys for the Applicant/Nominated Person O SPRUSON FERGUSON s* fN:\Libd]00757:DMB
AU12109/99A 1998-01-16 1999-01-15 Sandwich-type footwear stiffening element of rigid or at least semi-rigid be havior, usable as part of the sole unit or insole Abandoned AU1210999A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT98MI000076A IT1298146B1 (en) 1998-01-16 1998-01-16 STIFFING ELEMENT FOR FOOTWEAR HAVING A RIGID OR AT LEAST SEMI-RIGID BEHAVIOR, CONFORMED TO SANDWICH AND CAN BE USED
ITMI98A0076 1998-01-16

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
AU1210999A true AU1210999A (en) 1999-08-05

Family

ID=11378611

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
AU12109/99A Abandoned AU1210999A (en) 1998-01-16 1999-01-15 Sandwich-type footwear stiffening element of rigid or at least semi-rigid be havior, usable as part of the sole unit or insole

Country Status (13)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0931470A3 (en)
JP (1) JPH11244003A (en)
KR (1) KR19990067925A (en)
CN (1) CN1232653A (en)
AU (1) AU1210999A (en)
BR (1) BR9900055A (en)
CA (1) CA2257443A1 (en)
CZ (1) CZ13699A3 (en)
IL (1) IL127742A0 (en)
IT (1) IT1298146B1 (en)
NO (1) NO990195L (en)
SK (1) SK999A3 (en)
TW (1) TW411260B (en)

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FR2823076B1 (en) 2001-04-09 2003-06-27 Salomon Sa FOOTWEAR REINFORCEMENT, PARTICULARLY SPORTS AND MORE SPECIALLY CROSS-COUNTRY SKIING, AND FOOTWEAR COMPRISING SUCH REINFORCEMENT
FR2823078B1 (en) 2001-04-09 2003-06-27 Salomon Sa SHOE REINFORCEMENT, PARTICULARLY SPORTS, AND SHOE COMPRISING SUCH REINFORCEMENT
SE523468C2 (en) * 2001-06-27 2004-04-20 Camp Scandinavia Ab Orthopedic foot sole for improved gait and prosthesis, shoe or orthosis including the sole
WO2006066331A1 (en) * 2004-12-23 2006-06-29 Craig Edward Richards Sole assembly
US9526297B2 (en) 2008-11-26 2016-12-27 Ariat International, Inc. Footwear sole with honeycomb reinforcement shank
US8826569B2 (en) * 2009-12-23 2014-09-09 Taylor Made Golf Company, Inc. Injected footwear board and method for making the same
KR101008344B1 (en) * 2010-06-15 2011-01-13 임옥순 Footwear with sole which is divided into two parts
US10856612B2 (en) 2012-09-20 2020-12-08 Nike, Inc. Sole structures and articles of footwear having plate moderated fluid-filled bladders and/or foam type impact force attenuation members
ITTV20130108A1 (en) * 2013-07-11 2015-01-12 Scarpa Calzaturificio Spa INSOLE RIGID FOR FOOTWEAR AND FOOTWEAR PROVIDED WITH SUCH FOOTBED
CN103481523A (en) * 2013-09-03 2014-01-01 徐振寰 Manufacturing method of middle sole, middle sole and shoe containing same
KR102273324B1 (en) * 2014-02-25 2021-07-05 다이아텍스 가부시키가이샤 Shoe sole, insole of shoe, main sole of shoe, and shoe
US10441027B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2019-10-15 Nike, Inc. Footwear plate
WO2017058419A1 (en) 2015-10-02 2017-04-06 Nike Innovate C.V. Plate with foam for footwear
JP7240876B2 (en) 2015-10-02 2023-03-16 ナイキ イノベイト シーブイ board for footwear
US10798992B2 (en) 2016-07-20 2020-10-13 Nike, Inc. Footwear plate
CN106617487A (en) * 2016-11-15 2017-05-10 百卓鞋业（恩平）有限公司 Shoe sole X-shaped back iron, and shoe and installation method thereof
IT201700049184A1 (en) * 2017-05-08 2018-11-08 La Sportiva S P A SOLE FOR FOOTWEAR AND PROCEDURE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF A FOOTWEAR SOLE.
US11344078B2 (en) 2018-04-16 2022-05-31 Nike, Inc. Outsole plate
CN110868882B (en) 2018-04-16 2021-09-21 耐克创新有限合伙公司 Shoe outer sole plate
US11350699B2 (en) 2018-07-06 2022-06-07 Richard Kim Orthotic arch support device and method of use
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JP7102036B2 (en) * 2020-10-06 2022-07-19 エーシル株式会社 Orthodontic plates, insoles and shoes
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2257443A1 (en) 1999-07-16
JPH11244003A (en) 1999-09-14
SK999A3 (en) 2000-03-13
EP0931470A2 (en) 1999-07-28
KR19990067925A (en) 1999-08-25
NO990195D0 (en) 1999-01-15
IL127742A0 (en) 1999-10-28
BR9900055A (en) 1999-12-28
IT1298146B1 (en) 1999-12-20
EP0931470A3 (en) 2001-04-25
NO990195L (en) 1999-07-19
ITMI980076A1 (en) 1999-07-16
CN1232653A (en) 1999-10-27
CZ13699A3 (en) 1999-08-11
TW411260B (en) 2000-11-11

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MK1 Application lapsed section 142(2)(a) - no request for examination in relevant period