WO2024002383A1 - Immersion energy storage battery thermal management system and fire control method - Google Patents

Immersion energy storage battery thermal management system and fire control method Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2024002383A1
WO2024002383A1 PCT/CN2023/108060 CN2023108060W WO2024002383A1 WO 2024002383 A1 WO2024002383 A1 WO 2024002383A1 CN 2023108060 W CN2023108060 W CN 2023108060W WO 2024002383 A1 WO2024002383 A1 WO 2024002383A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
battery
management system
coolant
alarm
surface temperature
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/108060
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
严伟
路世康
蒋铁军
张广泰
吴继平
陈宇曦
刘海彬
李明政
徐敏
姚宁
张辉亮
Original Assignee
常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司
南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司
南京南瑞继保电气有限公司
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Application filed by 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司, 南京南瑞继保工程技术有限公司, 南京南瑞继保电气有限公司 filed Critical 常州博瑞电力自动化设备有限公司
Publication of WO2024002383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024002383A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
    • H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
    • A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
    • A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
    • A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
    • A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
    • H01M10/488—Cells or batteries combined with indicating means for external visualization of the condition, e.g. by change of colour or of light density
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/653—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by electrically insulating or thermally conductive materials
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/655—Solid structures for heat exchange or heat conduction
    • H01M10/6556—Solid parts with flow channel passages or pipes for heat exchange
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
    • H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
    • H01M10/656—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells characterised by the type of heat-exchange fluid
    • H01M10/6569—Fluids undergoing a liquid-gas phase change or transition, e.g. evaporation or condensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
    • H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system and a fire control method, belonging to the technical field of energy storage batteries.
  • the core of the energy storage system is the battery system, which usually contains hundreds of cells. When a single cell experiences thermal runaway, a violent reaction will ignite the surrounding cells, causing a fire.
  • the fire extinguishing solutions equipped in the energy storage battery industry are usually gas fire extinguishing systems and water mist fire extinguishing systems. Gas fire extinguishing systems can be divided into heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing systems.
  • the industry has gradually formed a fire protection system for the battery module level.
  • the cooling method of the battery core itself is still the traditional cold plate liquid cooling or air cooling. When the battery core is thermally out of control, additional fire protection branches and The liquid storage tank injects coolant into the battery module to achieve flooded fire protection.
  • the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system can only be used as a fully submerged fire extinguishing system for the entire cabin, which cannot directly act on the battery cells.
  • the fire extinguishing efficiency is low, has no cooling effect, and is prone to re-ignition; the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system can Achieve battery module level fire protection, but since spraying requires good atomization, it requires a matching sprinkler head, and its structure is relatively complex.
  • the cooling performance is good, the overall pressure of the system is high and has a certain degree of danger. At the same time, it is still a fully submerged fire extinguishing system for the entire cabin. While extinguishing local fires, it will cause other The battery core fails when exposed to water, resulting in large overall losses.
  • the flooded fire protection system realized by injecting liquid into the module has the following shortcomings:
  • the water-based coolant injected during thermal runaway conducts electricity and can easily short-circuit the remaining cells, thereby exacerbating the fire;
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system, which can overcome the existing problems of high fire extinguishing cost, poor response timeliness and reliability in the existing energy storage battery fire protection system. Not high and structurally complex problems and flaws.
  • an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system including:
  • a battery cabinet the battery cabinet includes at least one battery box, which contains a plurality of battery cells immersed in coolant;
  • An immersed circulation system the immersed circulation system is respectively connected to the battery box;
  • the battery management system is used to determine whether an irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in a battery cell, and when a certain battery cell suffers an irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon, it controls the immersed circulation system to intermittently supply water to the battery box where the battery cell is located.
  • the coolant is pumped in continuously, and within the time interval between each two pumpings of coolant, it is ensured that the top of the battery core where thermal runaway occurs is always covered by coolant.
  • immersed circulation system includes:
  • a solenoid valve connected to the coolant inlet of the battery box
  • Coolant pipeline the coolant pipeline is provided with a liquid return pipeline, a liquid supply pipeline, a pump and a tank, the liquid supply pipeline is connected to each solenoid valve, and each coolant outlet of the battery box is connected to The liquid return pipelines are connected;
  • the battery management system controls the pumping of coolant into the corresponding battery box by controlling the corresponding solenoid valve
  • the battery management system uses a pump to control the amount of coolant pumped into the corresponding battery box.
  • the coolant pipeline is also provided with external heat exchange equipment for exchanging heat with the coolant.
  • a liquid supply pressure sensor is provided on the liquid supply pipeline;
  • And/or the return liquid pipeline is provided with a return liquid pressure sensor.
  • the coolant outlet of the battery box is connected to One-way valves are connected between the liquid return pipelines.
  • the upper end of the battery box is provided with an explosion-proof valve
  • An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system; the alarm sensor is adapted to trigger an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system;
  • the alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein,
  • the smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box accumulates to a certain value;
  • the combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet reaches a certain value.
  • the battery management system is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time and calculate the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core over time. According to the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core, the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core over time. And the alarm signal determines the working status of the battery box.
  • the battery management system issues alarm information based on battery cell determination.
  • coolant is intermittently pumped into the battery box where the battery core is located through a pump, and the time interval between each two pumps of coolant is obtained by formula (1);
  • L is the length of the space above the battery core
  • W is the width of the space above the battery core
  • H is the height of the space above the battery core
  • c is the safety factor, which is 1.1 to 1.3.
  • the invention also provides a fire control method.
  • the battery cabinet includes at least one battery box, and the battery box contains a plurality of battery cells immersed in coolant.
  • the steps of the method include:
  • coolant When an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell, coolant is pumped intermittently into the battery box where the battery cell is located; among them, the time interval between each two pumpings of coolant is guaranteed to ensure that thermal runaway occurs.
  • the top of the battery core is always covered with coolant.
  • the surface temperature of the battery core is greater than 60°C, and the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s.
  • the battery cabinet includes a plurality of battery boxes
  • the method is implemented based on the above-mentioned immersed energy storage battery thermal management system
  • the upper end of the battery box is equipped with an explosion-proof valve
  • An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system; the alarm sensor is adapted to trigger an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system;
  • the alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein,
  • the smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box accumulates to a certain value;
  • the combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet reaches a certain value.
  • the battery management system is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time and calculate the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core with time, monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time, the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core with time, and alarm.
  • the signal determines the working status of the battery box
  • the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system maintains normal operation: at this time, the solenoid valves are all opened and the pump Operate according to rated working conditions;
  • the battery management system When the battery management system receives the alarm signal and there is no abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core and the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core over time, the battery management system will issue an alarm signal to remind relevant personnel to go to the site to check the situation.
  • the solenoid valve is still Keep everything open and the pump still operates according to rated working conditions;
  • the battery management system When the battery management system does not receive an alarm signal, but detects an abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core or an abnormal change rate of temperature on the surface of the battery core over time, it determines that the battery core is in the early stage of thermal runaway, and the battery management system 12 issues an alarm signal. At the same time, the solenoid valve remains fully open, and the frequency of the pump is adjusted to increase the flow rate and speed up the heat exchange and cooling of the cells inside the battery box; when the battery management system monitors the cell surface temperature and the rate of change of the surface temperature over time, both return to normal. When, the alarm signal is cancelled, and the frequency of the pump is adjusted to the rated operating condition.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system of the present invention uses fluorinated liquid with strong insulation and heat exchange performance as the cooling liquid, which can simultaneously Taking into account both cooling and fire-fighting purposes, when the battery core undergoes thermal runaway, it uses the latent heat of evaporation when the fluorinated liquid boils to quickly take away a large amount of heat. It is an active and real-time fire-fighting system, so the response to fire extinguishing is timely and does not need to be added.
  • the additional pipeline is used as a firefighting pipeline and has a simple structure;
  • the fire control method of the present invention only needs to activate the pump in the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system and use the coolant stored in the system itself to ensure that there is always coolant above the thermal runaway battery core. Coverage eliminates the need for additional liquid storage tanks, and the linkage action after thermal runaway will not put the remaining cells at risk of short circuit, so the cost of fire extinguishing can be effectively reduced and the reliability of the system is also improved;
  • Figure 1 is a control block diagram of the fire control method of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal management system of the immersed energy storage battery of the present invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structural dimensions of the battery box.
  • an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system includes:
  • the battery cabinet 11 includes a plurality of battery boxes 9, and the battery boxes 9 house a plurality of battery cells 10 immersed in the coolant 6;
  • the immersed circulation system is connected to the battery box 9 respectively;
  • the battery management system 12 is used to determine whether irreversible thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10 and to control the immersed circulation system to the battery box where the battery cell 10 is located when the irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in a certain battery cell 10.
  • the coolant 6 is intermittently pumped in 9 , and in the time interval between each two pumpings of the coolant 6 , it is ensured that the top of the battery core 10 where thermal runaway occurs is always covered by the coolant 6 .
  • the submerged circulation system can have the following structure: including:
  • the coolant pipeline is provided with a return pipeline 8, a liquid supply pipeline 7, a pump 1 and a tank 5.
  • the liquid supply pipeline 7 is connected to each solenoid valve, and each coolant outlet of the battery box 9 is connected to The return liquid pipeline 8 is connected; among them,
  • the battery management system 12 controls the pumping of the coolant 6 into the corresponding battery box 9 by controlling the corresponding solenoid valve;
  • the battery management system 12 controls the amount of coolant pumped into the corresponding battery box 9 through the pump 1 .
  • the pump 1 may be a magnetic pump
  • the tank 6 may be a pressure stabilizing tank.
  • the coolant 6 enters the battery cabinet 11 through the liquid supply pipeline 7, completely immerses the battery core 10, and takes away the heat generated by the battery core 10 during operation, and enters the pump 1 through the liquid return pipeline 8. Pump 1 The coolant 6 is transported to the external heat exchange device 2 for heat dissipation, and then returned to the battery cabinet 11 through the liquid supply pipeline 7, thereby forming an immersed circulation system.
  • the coolant 6 used in the submerged circulation system can be fluorinated liquid.
  • the coolant pipeline is also provided with an external heat exchange device 2 for exchanging heat with the coolant.
  • a liquid supply pressure sensor 3 is provided on the liquid supply pipeline 7, and a return liquid pressure sensor 4 is provided on the liquid return pipeline 8 to monitor the operating status of the submerged circulation system.
  • the battery box 9 is provided with explosion-proof valves K1 to KN on the top, and solenoid valves V1 to VN are provided at the coolant inlets of the battery box 9.
  • the outlets are equipped with one-way valves Z1 ⁇ ZN.
  • an explosion-proof valve K1 is set on the top
  • a solenoid valve V1 is set on the coolant inlet
  • a one-way valve Z1 is set on the coolant outlet, and so on.
  • the explosion-proof valve simultaneously prevents the outer shell of the battery box 9 from breaking due to excessive internal pressure.
  • the function of the one-way valve is to prevent pollutants generated when the battery core is thermally out of control from being injected back into the battery box in a normal state. Otherwise, the pollutants will cause a poor cooling environment for the battery core 10 and affect the heat exchange effect.
  • the battery box 9 has a sealed structure.
  • An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet 11, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system 12; the alarm sensor is suitable for triggering an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system 12;
  • the alarm sensor may include a smoke alarm T1 and/or a combustible gas detector T2; where,
  • the smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box 9 to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box 9 accumulates to a certain value;
  • the combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet 11 reaches a certain value.
  • the battery management system 12 is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core 10 in real time and calculate the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core 10 with time. According to the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core 10, the surface temperature of the battery core 10 changes with time. rate as well as smoke trigger signal and combustible gas trigger signal to determine the working status of the battery box.
  • the battery management system 12 can also issue alarm information based on battery cell determination conditions.
  • the battery management system 12 integrates a cell temperature acquisition unit.
  • the surface temperature of the j-th cell in the box at time t is 20°C.
  • the fire control method of the present invention involves the following processes:
  • the battery management system 12 monitors the surface temperature of the battery cell 10 in real time, and calculates the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery cell 10 with time.
  • the smoke sensor T1 monitors whether there is smoke in the battery cabinet 11 in real time. The smoke reaches a certain concentration and is emitted. Smoke alarm signal; the combustible gas detector T2 monitors the combustible gas concentration in the battery cabinet 11 in real time. When the combustible gas reaches a certain concentration, it sends out a combustible gas alarm signal and transmits it to the battery management system 12;
  • the solenoid valves V1 ⁇ VN in the system remain all open.
  • the alarm signal is canceled and the frequency of the pump 1 is adjusted to the rated operating condition;
  • the battery management system 12 receives a smoke alarm signal or a combustible gas alarm signal, it simultaneously monitors When the surface temperature of the battery core is greater than 60°C, and the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s, and it can be further found that the values of the liquid supply pressure sensor 3 and the return liquid pressure sensor 4 increase sharply, it is determined that At this time, irreversible thermal runaway of the battery core has occurred, and further work needs to be done as follows:
  • the battery management system 12 locates the specific location of the thermal runaway cell, turns off the DC system power supply of the battery cabinet 11, and simultaneously issues an audible and visual alarm to the background;
  • the battery management system 12 closes the solenoid valves of the battery boxes corresponding to other non-thermal runaway cells, and only opens the solenoid valves of the battery boxes corresponding to the thermal runaway cells. For example, if it is determined that the jth battery cell of 1# battery box has In case of thermal runaway, all V2 ⁇ VN need to be turned off and only V1 should be kept on;
  • the battery management system 12 switches the pump 1 in the immersion cooling system to the inching mode, that is, the time interval for each start of the pump 1 is t1, and the duration of each start is t2.
  • t1 can be obtained from multiple module thermal runaway tests. It must be ensured that within this time interval, the coolant 6 above the battery core will not completely volatilize due to absorbing the heat generated by the thermal runaway of the battery core;
  • t2 can be calculated by the following formula:
  • c is the safety factor, which can be 1.1 ⁇ 1.3.
  • step c) above the reason why pump 1 switches to inching mode when the battery core thermally runs away is as follows:
  • a large amount of smoke will be ejected from the inside of the battery box due to the opening of the safety valve of the thermally runaway battery core.
  • the gas pressure generated by the evaporation of coolant 6 accumulates to a certain value, the explosion-proof valve above the battery box corresponding to the thermal runaway cell will open.
  • the battery box is connected to the outside world.
  • the inching mode can maximize the use of the coolant 6 stored in the surge tank 5 in the immersion cooling system to suppress the thermal runaway behavior of the battery core 10 and extend the time for relevant personnel to deal with the fire.

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  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
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Abstract

Disclosed in the present invention are an immersion energy storage battery thermal management system and a fire control method. The immersion energy storage battery thermal management system comprises a battery cabinet, an immersion circulation system, and a battery management system; the battery cabinet comprises at least one battery box, and a plurality of battery cells immersed in a cooling liquid are housed in each battery box; the immersion circulation system is connected to the battery boxes, respectively; the battery management system is used for determining whether irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell, and when irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell, controlling the immersion circulation system to intermittently pump the cooling liquid into the battery box where the battery cell is located; within a time interval between every two times of pumping of the cooling liquid, it is ensured that the top of the battery cell in which the thermal runaway occurs is always covered by the cooling liquid. The present invention can overcome the problems and defects of high fire extinguishing costs, poor response timeliness, low reliability, and complex structures of existing energy storage battery fire protection systems.

Description

浸没式储能电池热管理***及消防控制方法Immersed energy storage battery thermal management system and fire control method 技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及一种浸没式储能电池热管理***及消防控制方法，属于储能电池技术领域。The invention relates to an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system and a fire control method, belonging to the technical field of energy storage batteries.

背景技术Background technique

目前，储能***的核心是电池***，通常电池***内包含成百个电芯，当单个电芯发生热失控时，剧烈的反应会引燃周围的电芯，从而引发火灾。目前，储能电池行业内配备的消防方案通常为气体灭火***和细水雾灭火***，而气体灭火***又可分为七氟丙烷和全氟己酮等灭火***。进一步的，行业内逐渐形成了针对电池模组级的消防***，电芯本身的冷却方式仍为传统的冷板式液冷或风冷，在电芯热失控时，通过额外添加的消防支路和储液箱向电池模组内注入冷却液实现淹没式消防。At present, the core of the energy storage system is the battery system, which usually contains hundreds of cells. When a single cell experiences thermal runaway, a violent reaction will ignite the surrounding cells, causing a fire. Currently, the fire extinguishing solutions equipped in the energy storage battery industry are usually gas fire extinguishing systems and water mist fire extinguishing systems. Gas fire extinguishing systems can be divided into heptafluoropropane and perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing systems. Furthermore, the industry has gradually formed a fire protection system for the battery module level. The cooling method of the battery core itself is still the traditional cold plate liquid cooling or air cooling. When the battery core is thermally out of control, additional fire protection branches and The liquid storage tank injects coolant into the battery module to achieve flooded fire protection.

首先，对于气体灭火***，七氟丙烷灭火***只能作为整舱级全淹没式灭火***，无法直接作用于电芯，灭火效能低，且不具备降温效果，易复燃；全氟己酮灭火***可以做到电池模组级消防，但由于喷放需要较好的雾化，因此需要配套喷头，其结构较为复杂。其次，对于细水雾灭火***，虽然降温性能较好，但***整体压力高，具有一定的危险性，同时，其仍属于整舱级全淹没式灭火***，在扑灭局部火势的同时会造成其余电芯淋水失效，整体损失较大。First of all, as for the gas fire extinguishing system, the heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing system can only be used as a fully submerged fire extinguishing system for the entire cabin, which cannot directly act on the battery cells. The fire extinguishing efficiency is low, has no cooling effect, and is prone to re-ignition; the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing system can Achieve battery module level fire protection, but since spraying requires good atomization, it requires a matching sprinkler head, and its structure is relatively complex. Secondly, for the water mist fire extinguishing system, although the cooling performance is good, the overall pressure of the system is high and has a certain degree of danger. At the same time, it is still a fully submerged fire extinguishing system for the entire cabin. While extinguishing local fires, it will cause other The battery core fails when exposed to water, resulting in large overall losses.

最后，通过向模组内注液实现的淹没式消防***存在以下缺点：Finally, the flooded fire protection system realized by injecting liquid into the module has the following shortcomings:

热失控时注入的水基冷却液导电，容易使其余电芯短路，从而导致火势加剧；The water-based coolant injected during thermal runaway conducts electricity and can easily short-circuit the remaining cells, thereby exacerbating the fire;

通过电磁阀控制冷却液注入，存在响应的及时性的问题，并且一旦电磁阀失效会使冷却液淋到其余电芯上，从而导致短路，可靠性不高；Controlling the injection of coolant through a solenoid valve has the problem of timely response, and once the solenoid valve fails, the coolant will pour onto the remaining cells, resulting in a short circuit and low reliability;

在原有电池***基础上额外添加消防管路和储液箱会使得整体结构复杂，占地变大。Adding additional fire piping and liquid storage tanks to the original battery system will make the overall structure complex and occupy a larger area.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种浸没式储能电池热管理***，它能够克服现有储能电池消防***中存在的灭火成本高、响应及时性差、可靠性不高和结构复杂的问题和缺陷。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technology and provide an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system, which can overcome the existing problems of high fire extinguishing cost, poor response timeliness and reliability in the existing energy storage battery fire protection system. Not high and structurally complex problems and flaws.

为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的技术方案是：一种浸没式储能电池热管理***，包括： In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system, including:

电池柜，所述电池柜包括至少一个电池箱，电池箱内容置多个浸没在冷却液中的电芯；A battery cabinet, the battery cabinet includes at least one battery box, which contains a plurality of battery cells immersed in coolant;

浸没式循环***，所述浸没式循环***分别与所述电池箱相连；An immersed circulation system, the immersed circulation system is respectively connected to the battery box;

电池管理***，所述电池管理***用于判定电芯是否发生不可逆的热失控现象及当某个电芯发生不可逆的热失控现象时控制浸没式循环***向该电芯所在的电池箱内间歇性地泵入冷却液，其中，每两次泵入冷却液之间的时间间隔内，保证发生热失控现象的电芯上方始终被冷却液所覆盖。Battery management system, the battery management system is used to determine whether an irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in a battery cell, and when a certain battery cell suffers an irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon, it controls the immersed circulation system to intermittently supply water to the battery box where the battery cell is located. The coolant is pumped in continuously, and within the time interval between each two pumpings of coolant, it is ensured that the top of the battery core where thermal runaway occurs is always covered by coolant.

进一步，所述浸没式循环***包括：Further, the immersed circulation system includes:

连接在电池箱的冷却液入口处的电磁阀；A solenoid valve connected to the coolant inlet of the battery box;

冷却液管路，所述冷却液管路中设有回液管路、供液管路、泵和罐，所述供液管路与各电磁阀相连，所述电池箱的各冷却液出口与所述回液管路相连；其中，Coolant pipeline, the coolant pipeline is provided with a liquid return pipeline, a liquid supply pipeline, a pump and a tank, the liquid supply pipeline is connected to each solenoid valve, and each coolant outlet of the battery box is connected to The liquid return pipelines are connected; wherein,

所述电池管理***通过控制相应电磁阀以控制向相应电池箱内泵入冷却液；The battery management system controls the pumping of coolant into the corresponding battery box by controlling the corresponding solenoid valve;

所述电池管理***通过泵以控制泵入相应电池箱内的冷却液的量。The battery management system uses a pump to control the amount of coolant pumped into the corresponding battery box.

进一步，所述冷却液管路中还设有用于与冷却液进行换热的外部换热设备。Furthermore, the coolant pipeline is also provided with external heat exchange equipment for exchanging heat with the coolant.

进一步，为了监控浸没式循环***的运行状态，所述供液管路上设有供液压力传感器；Further, in order to monitor the operating status of the immersed circulation system, a liquid supply pressure sensor is provided on the liquid supply pipeline;

和/或所述回液管路上设有回液压力传感器。And/or the return liquid pipeline is provided with a return liquid pressure sensor.

进一步，为了防止电芯热失控时产生的污染物回灌进正常状态的电池箱内，否则污染物会使电芯10的冷却环境恶劣，影响换热效果，所述电池箱的冷却液出口与所述回液管路之间连接有单向阀。Furthermore, in order to prevent the pollutants generated when the battery core is thermally out of control from being injected back into the battery box in a normal state, otherwise the pollutants will make the cooling environment of the battery core 10 poor and affect the heat exchange effect, the coolant outlet of the battery box is connected to One-way valves are connected between the liquid return pipelines.

进一步，所述电池箱的上端设有防爆阀；Further, the upper end of the battery box is provided with an explosion-proof valve;

所述电池柜上方设有报警传感器，所述报警传感器与所述电池管理***相连；所述报警传感器适于触发报警以发出报警信号并将报警信号传递给所述电池管理***；An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system; the alarm sensor is adapted to trigger an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system;

所述报警传感器为烟雾报警器和/或可燃气体探测器；其中，The alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein,

所述烟雾报警器适于在当电池箱内部气体压力积累到一定值时被喷出电池箱内的气体触发以发出报警信号；The smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box accumulates to a certain value;

所述可燃气体探测器适于当电池柜内可燃气体的浓度达到一定值时触发报警以发出报警信号。The combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet reaches a certain value.

进一步，所述电池管理***还用于实时监测电芯的表面温度并计算得到电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率、根据实时监测电芯的表面温度、电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率以及报警信号判定电池箱工作状态。Furthermore, the battery management system is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time and calculate the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core over time. According to the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core, the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core over time. And the alarm signal determines the working status of the battery box.

进一步，所述电池管理***根据电芯判定情况发出告警信息。 Further, the battery management system issues alarm information based on battery cell determination.

进一步，通过泵向该电芯所在的电池箱内间歇性地泵入冷却液，每两次泵入冷却液之间的时间间隔由公式(1)得到；Further, coolant is intermittently pumped into the battery box where the battery core is located through a pump, and the time interval between each two pumps of coolant is obtained by formula (1);

其中， in,

为泵的额定流量，L为电芯上方空间长度，W为电芯上方空间宽度，H为电芯上方空间高度，c为安全系数，取1.1～1.3。 is the rated flow rate of the pump, L is the length of the space above the battery core, W is the width of the space above the battery core, H is the height of the space above the battery core, and c is the safety factor, which is 1.1 to 1.3.

本发明还提供了一种消防控制方法，电池柜包括至少一个电池箱，电池箱内容置多个浸没在冷却液中的电芯，方法的步骤中包括：The invention also provides a fire control method. The battery cabinet includes at least one battery box, and the battery box contains a plurality of battery cells immersed in coolant. The steps of the method include:

当某个电芯发生不可逆的热失控现象时，向该电芯所在的电池箱内间歇性地泵入冷却液；其中，每两次泵入冷却液之间的时间间隔内，保证发生热失控现象的电芯上方始终被冷却液所覆盖。When an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell, coolant is pumped intermittently into the battery box where the battery cell is located; among them, the time interval between each two pumpings of coolant is guaranteed to ensure that thermal runaway occurs. The top of the battery core is always covered with coolant.

进一步，电芯发生不可逆的热失控现象的判定条件为：Furthermore, the conditions for determining irreversible thermal runaway in a battery core are:

电池柜烟雾报警或可燃气体报警，电芯的表面温度大于60℃，并且电芯表面的温度随时间的变化率大于1℃/s。For smoke alarm or flammable gas alarm in the battery cabinet, the surface temperature of the battery core is greater than 60°C, and the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s.

进一步，电池柜包括多个电池箱；Further, the battery cabinet includes a plurality of battery boxes;

当某个电芯发生不可逆的热失控现象时，定位发生热失控现象的电芯的位置，确定该电芯所在的电池箱，停止向其他电池箱泵入冷却液。When an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell, locate the battery cell where the thermal runaway occurred, determine the battery box where the battery cell is located, and stop pumping coolant into other battery boxes.

进一步，方法基于上述浸没式储能电池热管理***实现；Further, the method is implemented based on the above-mentioned immersed energy storage battery thermal management system;

所述电池箱的上端设有防爆阀；The upper end of the battery box is equipped with an explosion-proof valve;

所述电池柜上方设有报警传感器，所述报警传感器与所述电池管理***相连；所述报警传感器适于触发报警以发出报警信号并将报警信号传递给所述电池管理***；An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system; the alarm sensor is adapted to trigger an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system;

所述报警传感器为烟雾报警器和/或可燃气体探测器；其中，The alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein,

所述烟雾报警器适于在当电池箱内部气体压力积累到一定值时被喷出电池箱内的气体触发以发出报警信号；The smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box accumulates to a certain value;

所述可燃气体探测器适于当电池柜内可燃气体的浓度达到一定值时触发报警以发出报警信号。The combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet reaches a certain value.

所述电池管理***还用于实时监测电芯的表面温度并计算得到电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率、根据实时监测电芯的表面温度、电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率以及报警信号判定电池箱工作状态；The battery management system is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time and calculate the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core with time, monitor the surface temperature of the battery core in real time, the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core with time, and alarm. The signal determines the working status of the battery box;

当电池管理***未接收到报警信号并且电芯的表面温度及电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率无异常时，浸没式储能电池热管理***保持正常运行：此时电磁阀全部打开，泵按照额定工况运行； When the battery management system does not receive an alarm signal and there is no abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core and the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core over time, the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system maintains normal operation: at this time, the solenoid valves are all opened and the pump Operate according to rated working conditions;

当电池管理***接收到报警信号并且电芯的表面温度及电芯的表面温度随时间的变化率无异常时，此时由电池管理***发出告警信号，提醒相关人员前往现场查看情况，电磁阀仍保持全部打开的状态，泵仍按照额定工况运行；When the battery management system receives the alarm signal and there is no abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core and the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core over time, the battery management system will issue an alarm signal to remind relevant personnel to go to the site to check the situation. The solenoid valve is still Keep everything open and the pump still operates according to rated working conditions;

当电池管理***未接收到报警信号，但监测到电芯的表面温度异常或电芯表面的温度随时间的变化率异常时，判定电芯处于热失控初期，由电池管理***12发出告警信号，同时电磁阀仍保持全部打开的状态，并调节泵的频率，提高流量，加快电池箱内部电芯换热降温；当电池管理***监测到电芯表面温度及表面温度随时间的变化率均恢复正常时，取消告警信号，并调节泵的频率至额定工况。When the battery management system does not receive an alarm signal, but detects an abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core or an abnormal change rate of temperature on the surface of the battery core over time, it determines that the battery core is in the early stage of thermal runaway, and the battery management system 12 issues an alarm signal. At the same time, the solenoid valve remains fully open, and the frequency of the pump is adjusted to increase the flow rate and speed up the heat exchange and cooling of the cells inside the battery box; when the battery management system monitors the cell surface temperature and the rate of change of the surface temperature over time, both return to normal. When, the alarm signal is cancelled, and the frequency of the pump is adjusted to the rated operating condition.

采用了上述技术方案，本发明具有以下的有益效果：Adopting the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

1)相比于电芯热失控后采用淹没式冷却作为消防的手段，本发明所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***以绝缘性和换热性能强的氟化液作为冷却液，可同时兼顾冷却和消防的用途，在电芯发生热失控时，利用氟化液沸腾时的蒸发潜热迅速带走大量热量，是一种主动实时的消防***，因此灭火的响应及时性好，并且无需添加额外的管路作为消防管路，结构简单；1) Compared with the use of submerged cooling as a means of fire protection after the battery core is thermally out of control, the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system of the present invention uses fluorinated liquid with strong insulation and heat exchange performance as the cooling liquid, which can simultaneously Taking into account both cooling and fire-fighting purposes, when the battery core undergoes thermal runaway, it uses the latent heat of evaporation when the fluorinated liquid boils to quickly take away a large amount of heat. It is an active and real-time fire-fighting system, so the response to fire extinguishing is timely and does not need to be added. The additional pipeline is used as a firefighting pipeline and has a simple structure;

2)在发生热失控时，本发明的消防控制方法只需通过点动浸没式储能电池热管理***中的泵，利用***自身存储的冷却液即可保证热失控电芯上方始终有冷却液覆盖，无需额外的储液罐，并且在发生热失控后的联动动作不会使其余电芯有短路风险，因此可有效降低灭火成本，***的可靠性也得到提高；2) When thermal runaway occurs, the fire control method of the present invention only needs to activate the pump in the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system and use the coolant stored in the system itself to ensure that there is always coolant above the thermal runaway battery core. Coverage eliminates the need for additional liquid storage tanks, and the linkage action after thermal runaway will not put the remaining cells at risk of short circuit, so the cost of fire extinguishing can be effectively reduced and the reliability of the system is also improved;

3)通过电池管理***接收到的烟雾报警信号或可燃气体报警信号+电芯表面温度和温度变化速率联合判断电芯是否热失控并进行进一步动作，同时，通过实时监测进出电池箱液体的压力，提供多种判断***异常的依据，提高了***整体的可靠性，避免因误动造成不必要的损失。3) Through the smoke alarm signal or combustible gas alarm signal received by the battery management system + the surface temperature of the battery core and the temperature change rate, it is jointly determined whether the battery core is thermally out of control and further actions are taken. At the same time, by real-time monitoring of the pressure of the liquid entering and exiting the battery box, It provides a variety of basis for judging system abnormalities, improves the overall reliability of the system and avoids unnecessary losses due to misoperation.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明的消防控制方法的控制框图；Figure 1 is a control block diagram of the fire control method of the present invention;

图2为本发明的浸没式储能电池热管理***的结构示意图；Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the thermal management system of the immersed energy storage battery of the present invention;

图3为电池箱内部结构尺寸示意图。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the internal structural dimensions of the battery box.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为了使本发明的内容更容易被清楚地理解，下面根据具体实施例并结合附图，对本发明作进一步详细的说明。In order to make the content of the present invention easier to understand clearly, the present invention will be described in further detail below based on specific embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1～3所示，一种浸没式储能电池热管理***，包括：As shown in Figures 1 to 3, an immersed energy storage battery thermal management system includes:

电池柜11，电池柜11包括多个电池箱9，电池箱9内容置多个浸没在冷却液6中的电芯10； The battery cabinet 11 includes a plurality of battery boxes 9, and the battery boxes 9 house a plurality of battery cells 10 immersed in the coolant 6;

浸没式循环***，浸没式循环***分别与电池箱9相连；The immersed circulation system is connected to the battery box 9 respectively;

电池管理***12，电池管理***12用于判定电芯10是否发生不可逆的热失控现象及当某个电芯10发生不可逆的热失控现象时控制浸没式循环***向该电芯10所在的电池箱9内间歇性地泵入冷却液6，其中，每两次泵入冷却液6之间的时间间隔内，保证发生热失控现象的电芯10上方始终被冷却液6所覆盖。Battery management system 12. The battery management system 12 is used to determine whether irreversible thermal runaway occurs in the battery cell 10 and to control the immersed circulation system to the battery box where the battery cell 10 is located when the irreversible thermal runaway phenomenon occurs in a certain battery cell 10. The coolant 6 is intermittently pumped in 9 , and in the time interval between each two pumpings of the coolant 6 , it is ensured that the top of the battery core 10 where thermal runaway occurs is always covered by the coolant 6 .

在本实施例中，电池箱9设有多个，当然电池箱9也可设有一个。In this embodiment, there are multiple battery boxes 9 . Of course, there can also be one battery box 9 .

在本实施例中，如图2所示，浸没式循环***可以为如下结构：包括：In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the submerged circulation system can have the following structure: including:

连接在相应电池箱9的冷却液入口处的电磁阀V1～VN；The solenoid valves V1~VN connected to the coolant inlet of the corresponding battery box 9;

冷却液管路，冷却液管路中设有回液管路8、供液管路7、泵1和罐5，供液管路7与各电磁阀相连，电池箱9的各冷却液出口与回液管路8相连；其中，The coolant pipeline is provided with a return pipeline 8, a liquid supply pipeline 7, a pump 1 and a tank 5. The liquid supply pipeline 7 is connected to each solenoid valve, and each coolant outlet of the battery box 9 is connected to The return liquid pipeline 8 is connected; among them,

电池管理***12通过控制相应电磁阀以控制向相应电池箱9内泵入冷却液6；The battery management system 12 controls the pumping of the coolant 6 into the corresponding battery box 9 by controlling the corresponding solenoid valve;

电池管理***12通过泵1以控制泵入相应电池箱9内的冷却液的量。The battery management system 12 controls the amount of coolant pumped into the corresponding battery box 9 through the pump 1 .

在本实施例中，泵1具体可以为磁力泵，罐6可以为稳压罐。In this embodiment, the pump 1 may be a magnetic pump, and the tank 6 may be a pressure stabilizing tank.

具体地，冷却液6由供液管路7进入电池柜11，完全浸没电芯10，并带走电芯10在运行过程中产生的热量，并由回液管路8进入泵1，泵1将冷却液6输送至外部换热设备2中进行散热，并重新通过供液管路7回到电池柜11，以此形成浸没式循环***。Specifically, the coolant 6 enters the battery cabinet 11 through the liquid supply pipeline 7, completely immerses the battery core 10, and takes away the heat generated by the battery core 10 during operation, and enters the pump 1 through the liquid return pipeline 8. Pump 1 The coolant 6 is transported to the external heat exchange device 2 for heat dissipation, and then returned to the battery cabinet 11 through the liquid supply pipeline 7, thereby forming an immersed circulation system.

浸没式循环***采用的冷却液6可以为氟化液。The coolant 6 used in the submerged circulation system can be fluorinated liquid.

如图2所示，冷却液管路中还设有用于与冷却液进行换热的外部换热设备2。As shown in Figure 2, the coolant pipeline is also provided with an external heat exchange device 2 for exchanging heat with the coolant.

如图2所示，供液管路7上设有供液压力传感器3，回液管路8上设有回液压力传感器4，以此监控浸没式循环***的运行状态。As shown in Figure 2, a liquid supply pressure sensor 3 is provided on the liquid supply pipeline 7, and a return liquid pressure sensor 4 is provided on the liquid return pipeline 8 to monitor the operating status of the submerged circulation system.

在本实施例中，如图2所示，电池箱9在顶部均设置了防爆阀K1～KN，在电池箱9的冷却液入口均设置了电磁阀V1～VN，在电池箱9的冷却液出口均设置了单向阀Z1～ZN。以1#电池箱9为例：在顶部设置了防爆阀K1，在冷却液入口上设置了电磁阀V1，在冷却液出口上设置了单向阀Z1，依次类推。防爆阀同时防止电池箱9外壳因内部压力过大而破裂。单向阀的作用是防止电芯热失控时产生的污染物回灌进正常状态的电池箱内，否则污染物会使电芯10的冷却环境恶劣，影响换热效果。In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, the battery box 9 is provided with explosion-proof valves K1 to KN on the top, and solenoid valves V1 to VN are provided at the coolant inlets of the battery box 9. The outlets are equipped with one-way valves Z1~ZN. Take battery box 1# 9 as an example: an explosion-proof valve K1 is set on the top, a solenoid valve V1 is set on the coolant inlet, a one-way valve Z1 is set on the coolant outlet, and so on. The explosion-proof valve simultaneously prevents the outer shell of the battery box 9 from breaking due to excessive internal pressure. The function of the one-way valve is to prevent pollutants generated when the battery core is thermally out of control from being injected back into the battery box in a normal state. Otherwise, the pollutants will cause a poor cooling environment for the battery core 10 and affect the heat exchange effect.

在本实施例中，电池箱9为密闭结构。In this embodiment, the battery box 9 has a sealed structure.

电池柜11上方设有报警传感器，报警传感器与电池管理***12相连；报警传感器适于触发报警以发出报警信号并将报警信号传递给所述电池管理***12；An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet 11, and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system 12; the alarm sensor is suitable for triggering an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system 12;

在本实施例中，报警传感器可以包括烟雾报警器T1和/或可燃气体探测器T2；其中，In this embodiment, the alarm sensor may include a smoke alarm T1 and/or a combustible gas detector T2; where,

烟雾报警器适于在当电池箱9内部气体压力积累到一定值时被喷出电池箱9内的气体触发以发出报警信号； The smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box 9 to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box 9 accumulates to a certain value;

可燃气体探测器适于当电池柜11内可燃气体的浓度达到一定值时触发报警以发出报警信号。The combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet 11 reaches a certain value.

电池管理***12还用于实时监测电芯10的表面温度并计算得到电芯10的表面温度随时间的变化率、根据实时监测电芯10的表面温度、电芯10的表面温度随时间的变化率以及烟雾触发信号和可燃气体触发信号判定电池箱工作状态。The battery management system 12 is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core 10 in real time and calculate the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core 10 with time. According to the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core 10, the surface temperature of the battery core 10 changes with time. rate as well as smoke trigger signal and combustible gas trigger signal to determine the working status of the battery box.

电池管理***12还可以根据电芯判定情况发出告警信息。The battery management system 12 can also issue alarm information based on battery cell determination conditions.

电池管理***12集成了电芯温度采集单元，电池管理***12以电芯10所在电池箱9的位置坐标进行数值记录，如温度T(1,j,t)＝20℃，即表示1#电池箱的第j个电芯在t时刻的表面温度为20℃。The battery management system 12 integrates a cell temperature acquisition unit. The battery management system 12 records the numerical value based on the position coordinates of the battery box 9 where the cell 10 is located. For example, the temperature T (1, j, t) = 20°C, which means battery 1#. The surface temperature of the j-th cell in the box at time t is 20°C.

本发明的消防控制方法涉及以下流程：The fire control method of the present invention involves the following processes:

S1：由电池管理***12实时监测电芯10的表面温度，并计算得到电芯10的表面温度随时间的变化率，由烟雾传感器T1实时监测电池柜11内是否有烟雾，烟雾到达一定浓度发出烟雾报警信号；由可燃气体探测器T2实时监测电池柜11内可燃气体浓度，可燃气体到达一定浓度发出可燃气体报警信号，并将其传递给电池管理***12；S1: The battery management system 12 monitors the surface temperature of the battery cell 10 in real time, and calculates the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery cell 10 with time. The smoke sensor T1 monitors whether there is smoke in the battery cabinet 11 in real time. The smoke reaches a certain concentration and is emitted. Smoke alarm signal; the combustible gas detector T2 monitors the combustible gas concentration in the battery cabinet 11 in real time. When the combustible gas reaches a certain concentration, it sends out a combustible gas alarm signal and transmits it to the battery management system 12;

S2:若电池管理***12未接收到烟雾报警信号和可燃气体报警信号并且电芯温度及温度变化速率无异常，即电芯表面温度在15℃至35℃之间，并且电芯表面温度随时间的变化率小于1℃/s时，***保持正常运行。此时***内电磁阀V1～VN全部打开，泵1按照额定工况运行；S2: If the battery management system 12 does not receive the smoke alarm signal or combustible gas alarm signal and the battery core temperature and temperature change rate are not abnormal, that is, the battery core surface temperature is between 15°C and 35°C, and the battery core surface temperature changes with time. When the change rate is less than 1℃/s, the system maintains normal operation. At this time, the solenoid valves V1~VN in the system are all opened, and pump 1 operates according to rated working conditions;

S3:若电池管理***12接收到烟雾报警信号，但电芯表面温度在15℃至35℃之间，并且电芯表面温度随时间的变化率小于1℃/s时，可认为是由于电池柜为非密封结构，由外界产生的烟气导致烟雾传感器T1发生了误动。此时由电池管理***12向后台发出告警信号，提醒相关人员前往现场查看情况，***内电磁阀V1～VN仍保持全部打开的状态，泵1仍按照额定工况运行；S3: If the battery management system 12 receives the smoke alarm signal, but the battery core surface temperature is between 15°C and 35°C, and the change rate of the battery core surface temperature with time is less than 1°C/s, it can be considered that the battery cabinet is responsible for the problem. It is a non-sealed structure, and the smoke generated from the outside causes the smoke sensor T1 to malfunction. At this time, the battery management system 12 sends an alarm signal to the background to remind relevant personnel to go to the site to check the situation. The solenoid valves V1 to VN in the system are still all open, and the pump 1 is still running according to the rated working conditions;

S4:若电池管理***12未接收到烟雾报警信号和可燃气体报警信号，但监测到电芯的表面温度大于60℃或电芯表面的温度随时间的变化率大于1℃/s，并且可进一步地发现供液压力传感器3和回液压力传感器4数值有明显的上升趋势时，判定电芯处于热失控初期，由电池管理***12向后台发出告警信号，同时调节泵1的频率，提高***流量，加快电池箱内部电芯换热降温，防止电芯发生进一步的热失控现象，此时***内电磁阀V1～VN仍保持全部打开的状态。当电池管理***12监测到电芯表面温度及表面温度随时间的变化率均恢复正常时，取消告警信号，并调节泵1的频率至额定工况；S4: If the battery management system 12 does not receive the smoke alarm signal and the combustible gas alarm signal, but detects that the surface temperature of the battery core is greater than 60°C or the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s, and can further When it is discovered that the values of the liquid supply pressure sensor 3 and the return liquid pressure sensor 4 have an obvious upward trend, it is determined that the battery core is in the early stage of thermal runaway, and the battery management system 12 sends an alarm signal to the background, and at the same time adjusts the frequency of the pump 1 to increase the system flow. , speed up the heat exchange and cooling of the cells inside the battery box, and prevent further thermal runaway of the cells. At this time, the solenoid valves V1~VN in the system remain all open. When the battery management system 12 monitors that the cell surface temperature and the rate of change of the surface temperature over time return to normal, the alarm signal is canceled and the frequency of the pump 1 is adjusted to the rated operating condition;

S5:若电池管理***12接收到烟雾报警信号或接收到可燃气体报警信号，同时监测 到电芯的表面温度大于60℃，并且电芯表面的温度随时间的变化率大于1℃/s，同时可进一步地发现供液压力传感器3和回液压力传感器4数值发生陡增时，判定此时已发生不可逆的电芯热失控现象，进一步的进行以下工作：S5: If the battery management system 12 receives a smoke alarm signal or a combustible gas alarm signal, it simultaneously monitors When the surface temperature of the battery core is greater than 60°C, and the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s, and it can be further found that the values of the liquid supply pressure sensor 3 and the return liquid pressure sensor 4 increase sharply, it is determined that At this time, irreversible thermal runaway of the battery core has occurred, and further work needs to be done as follows:

a)由电池管理***12定位发生热失控电芯的具***置，并将电池柜11直流***电源关闭，同时向后台发出声光报警；a) The battery management system 12 locates the specific location of the thermal runaway cell, turns off the DC system power supply of the battery cabinet 11, and simultaneously issues an audible and visual alarm to the background;

b)电池管理***12将其他未热失控电芯对应的电池箱的电磁阀关闭，只打开发生热失控电芯对应的电池箱的电磁阀，例如若判断1#电池箱第j个电芯发生热失控，则需将V2～VN全部关闭，只保持V1为开启状态；b) The battery management system 12 closes the solenoid valves of the battery boxes corresponding to other non-thermal runaway cells, and only opens the solenoid valves of the battery boxes corresponding to the thermal runaway cells. For example, if it is determined that the jth battery cell of 1# battery box has In case of thermal runaway, all V2~VN need to be turned off and only V1 should be kept on;

c)电池管理***12将浸没式冷却***中的泵1切换为点动模式，即泵1每次启动的时间间隔为t1，每次启动的时长为t2。其中，t1可由多次模组热失控试验得到，需保证在此时间间隔内，电芯上方的冷却液6不会因吸收电芯热失控产生的热量而全部挥发；t2可由下列公式计算得到：
c) The battery management system 12 switches the pump 1 in the immersion cooling system to the inching mode, that is, the time interval for each start of the pump 1 is t1, and the duration of each start is t2. Among them, t1 can be obtained from multiple module thermal runaway tests. It must be ensured that within this time interval, the coolant 6 above the battery core will not completely volatilize due to absorbing the heat generated by the thermal runaway of the battery core; t2 can be calculated by the following formula:

为泵额定流量，L为电芯上方空间长度，W为电芯上方空间宽度，H为电芯上方空间高度，电池箱9的具体尺寸图见图3所示，c为安全系数，可取1.1～1.3，防止少量冷却液6在点动过程中由防爆阀溢出。由此可保证热失控电芯上方在泵1点动过程中始终被冷却液6所覆盖。 is the rated flow of the pump, L is the length of the space above the battery core, W is the width of the space above the battery core, H is the height of the space above the battery core, the specific dimensions of the battery box 9 are shown in Figure 3, c is the safety factor, which can be 1.1~ 1.3. Prevent a small amount of coolant 6 from overflowing from the explosion-proof valve during the inching process. This ensures that the top of the thermal runaway battery core is always covered by the coolant 6 during the inching process of the pump 1 .

上述c)步骤中，泵1在电芯热失控时切换为点动模式的原因如下：当电芯发生热失控时，对应电池箱内部由于热失控电芯安全阀打开而喷出的大量烟气以及冷却液6蒸发产生的气体压力积累到一定值，热失控电芯对应电池箱上方的防爆阀会打开，此时电池箱与外界连通，若泵1继续保持连续运行的状态，在短时间内，大量冷却液6会由开启的防爆阀K1～KN处喷出，从而减弱消防冷却效果。因此，所述点动模式可最大化的利用浸没式冷却***中的稳压罐5存储的冷却液6抑制电芯10的热失控行为，延长相关人员处理火灾的时间。In step c) above, the reason why pump 1 switches to inching mode when the battery core thermally runs away is as follows: When the battery core undergoes thermal runaway, a large amount of smoke will be ejected from the inside of the battery box due to the opening of the safety valve of the thermally runaway battery core. And when the gas pressure generated by the evaporation of coolant 6 accumulates to a certain value, the explosion-proof valve above the battery box corresponding to the thermal runaway cell will open. At this time, the battery box is connected to the outside world. If pump 1 continues to operate continuously, within a short time , a large amount of coolant 6 will be sprayed out from the opened explosion-proof valves K1 ~ KN, thereby weakening the fire cooling effect. Therefore, the inching mode can maximize the use of the coolant 6 stored in the surge tank 5 in the immersion cooling system to suppress the thermal runaway behavior of the battery core 10 and extend the time for relevant personnel to deal with the fire.

以上的具体实施例，对本发明解决的技术问题、技术方案和有益效果进行了进一步详细说明，所应理解的是，以上仅为本发明的具体实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所做的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。 The above specific embodiments further describe in detail the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (14)

一种浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，包括：A thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries, which is characterized by including: 电池柜(11)，所述电池柜(11)包括至少一个电池箱(9)，电池箱(9)内容置多个浸没在冷却液(6)中的电芯(10)；A battery cabinet (11). The battery cabinet (11) includes at least one battery box (9). The battery box (9) contains a plurality of battery cells (10) immersed in the coolant (6); 浸没式循环***，所述浸没式循环***分别与所述电池箱(9)相连；An immersed circulation system, the immersed circulation system is connected to the battery box (9) respectively; 电池管理***(12)，所述电池管理***(12)用于判定电芯(10)是否发生不可逆的热失控现象及当某个电芯(10)发生不可逆的热失控现象时控制浸没式循环***向该电芯(10)所在的电池箱(9)内间歇性地泵入冷却液(6)，其中，每两次泵入冷却液(6)之间的时间间隔内，保证发生热失控现象的电芯(10)上方始终被冷却液(6)所覆盖。Battery management system (12). The battery management system (12) is used to determine whether an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a battery cell (10) and to control the immersion cycle when an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell (10). The system intermittently pumps coolant (6) into the battery box (9) where the battery core (10) is located. The time interval between each two pumpings of coolant (6) ensures that thermal runaway occurs. The top of the battery cell (10) is always covered by the coolant (6). 根据权利要1所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, 所述浸没式循环***包括：The immersed circulation system includes: 连接在电池箱(9)的冷却液入口处的电磁阀；The solenoid valve connected to the coolant inlet of the battery box (9); 冷却液管路，所述冷却液管路中设有回液管路(8)、供液管路(7)、泵(1)和罐(5)，所述供液管路(7)与各电磁阀相连，所述电池箱(9)的各冷却液出口与所述回液管路(8)相连；其中，Coolant pipeline, the coolant pipeline is provided with a liquid return pipeline (8), a liquid supply pipeline (7), a pump (1) and a tank (5), the liquid supply pipeline (7) and Each solenoid valve is connected, and each coolant outlet of the battery box (9) is connected with the liquid return pipeline (8); wherein, 所述电池管理***(12)通过控制相应电磁阀以控制向相应电池箱(9)内泵入冷却液(6)；The battery management system (12) controls the pumping of coolant (6) into the corresponding battery box (9) by controlling the corresponding solenoid valve; 所述电池管理***(12)通过泵(1)以控制泵入相应电池箱(9)内的冷却液的量。The battery management system (12) controls the amount of coolant pumped into the corresponding battery box (9) through the pump (1). 根据权利要2所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, 所述冷却液管路中还设有用于与冷却液进行换热的外部换热设备(2)。The coolant pipeline is also provided with an external heat exchange device (2) for exchanging heat with the coolant. 根据权利要2所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, 所述供液管路(7)上设有供液压力传感器(3)；The liquid supply pipeline (7) is provided with a liquid supply pressure sensor (3); 和/或所述回液管路(8)上设有回液压力传感器(4)。And/or the liquid return pipeline (8) is provided with a liquid return pressure sensor (4). 根据权利要2所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 2, characterized in that, 所述电池箱(9)的冷却液出口与所述回液管路(8)之间连接有单向阀。A one-way valve is connected between the coolant outlet of the battery box (9) and the liquid return pipeline (8). 根据权利要1所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, 所述电池箱(9)的上端设有防爆阀；The upper end of the battery box (9) is provided with an explosion-proof valve; 所述电池柜(11)上方设有报警传感器，所述报警传感器与所述电池管理***(12)相连；所述报警传感器适于触发报警以发出报警信号并将报警信号传递给所述电池管理 ***(12)；An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet (11), and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system (12); the alarm sensor is suitable for triggering an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system. system(12); 所述报警传感器为烟雾报警器和/或可燃气体探测器；其中，The alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein, 所述烟雾报警器适于在当电池箱(9)内部气体压力积累到一定值时被喷出电池箱(9)内的气体触发以发出报警信号；The smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box (9) to send an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box (9) accumulates to a certain value; 所述可燃气体探测器适于当电池柜(11)内可燃气体的浓度达到一定值时触发报警以发出报警信号。The combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send out an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet (11) reaches a certain value. 根据权利要6所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 6, characterized in that, 所述电池管理***(12)还用于实时监测电芯(10)的表面温度并计算得到电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率、根据实时监测电芯(10)的表面温度、电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率以及报警信号判定电池箱工作状态。The battery management system (12) is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core (10) in real time and calculate the change rate of the surface temperature of the battery core (10) with time. Based on the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core (10), The changing rate of the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) with time and the alarm signal determine the working status of the battery box. 根据权利要1所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that, 所述电池管理***(12)根据电芯判定情况发出告警信息。The battery management system (12) issues an alarm message based on battery cell determination. 根据权利要求1所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***，其特征在于，The thermal management system for immersed energy storage batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: 通过泵(1)向该电芯(10)所在的电池箱(9)内间歇性地泵入冷却液(6)，The coolant (6) is intermittently pumped into the battery box (9) where the battery cell (10) is located through the pump (1). 每两次泵入冷却液(6)之间的时间间隔由公式(1)得到；The time interval between each two pumps of coolant (6) is obtained by formula (1); 其中， in, 为泵的额定流量，L为电芯上方空间长度，W为电芯上方空间宽度，H为电芯上方空间高度，c为安全系数，取1.1～1.3。 is the rated flow rate of the pump, L is the length of the space above the battery core, W is the width of the space above the battery core, H is the height of the space above the battery core, and c is the safety factor, which is 1.1 to 1.3. 一种消防控制方法，其特征在于，方法应用于电池柜(11)上，电池柜(11)包括至少一个电池箱(9)，电池箱(9)内容置多个浸没在冷却液(6)中的电芯(10)，方法的步骤中包括：A fire control method, characterized in that the method is applied to a battery cabinet (11), the battery cabinet (11) includes at least one battery box (9), and the battery box (9) contains multiple batteries immersed in coolant (6) The battery cell (10) in the method includes: 当某个电芯(10)发生不可逆的热失控现象时，向该电芯(10)所在的电池箱(9)内间歇性地泵入冷却液(6)；其中，每两次泵入冷却液(6)之间的时间间隔内，保证发生热失控现象的电芯(10)上方始终被冷却液(6)所覆盖。When an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell (10), coolant (6) is intermittently pumped into the battery box (9) where the battery cell (10) is located; wherein, cooling liquid (6) is pumped in every two times During the time interval between the cooling liquid (6), it is ensured that the top of the battery core (10) where thermal runaway occurs is always covered by the cooling liquid (6). 根据权利要求10所述的消防控制方法，其特征在于，The fire control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: 电芯(10)发生不可逆的热失控现象的判定条件为：The conditions for determining the occurrence of irreversible thermal runaway in the battery core (10) are: 电池柜(11)烟雾报警或可燃气体报警，电芯(10)的表面温度大于60℃，并且电芯表面的温度随时间的变化率大于1℃/s。The battery cabinet (11) smoke alarm or combustible gas alarm, the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) is greater than 60°C, and the change rate of the temperature of the battery core surface with time is greater than 1°C/s. 根据权利要求10所述的消防控制方法，其特征在于，The fire control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: 电池柜(11)包括多个电池箱(9)；The battery cabinet (11) includes a plurality of battery boxes (9); 当某个电芯(10)发生不可逆的热失控现象时，定位发生热失控现象的电芯(10) 的位置，确定该电芯(10)所在的电池箱(9)，停止向其他电池箱(9)泵入冷却液(6)。When an irreversible thermal runaway occurs in a certain battery cell (10), locate the battery cell (10) where the thermal runaway phenomenon occurred. position, determine the battery box (9) where the battery cell (10) is located, and stop pumping coolant (6) into other battery boxes (9). 根据权利要求10所述的消防控制方法，其特征在于，The fire control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: 方法基于如权利要求1至9中任一项所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***实现。The method is implemented based on the thermal management system of the immersed energy storage battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9. 根据权利要求10所述的消防控制方法，其特征在于，The fire control method according to claim 10, characterized in that: 方法基于如权利要求2至5中任一项所述的浸没式储能电池热管理***实现；The method is implemented based on the thermal management system of the immersed energy storage battery according to any one of claims 2 to 5; 所述电池箱(9)的上端设有防爆阀；The upper end of the battery box (9) is provided with an explosion-proof valve; 所述电池柜(11)上方设有报警传感器，所述报警传感器与所述电池管理***(12)相连；所述报警传感器适于触发报警以发出报警信号并将报警信号传递给所述电池管理***(12)；An alarm sensor is provided above the battery cabinet (11), and the alarm sensor is connected to the battery management system (12); the alarm sensor is suitable for triggering an alarm to send out an alarm signal and transmit the alarm signal to the battery management system. System(12); 所述报警传感器为烟雾报警器和/或可燃气体探测器；其中，The alarm sensor is a smoke alarm and/or a combustible gas detector; wherein, 所述烟雾报警器适于在当电池箱(9)内部气体压力积累到一定值时被喷出电池箱(9)内的气体触发以发出报警信号；The smoke alarm is adapted to be triggered by the gas sprayed out of the battery box (9) to send out an alarm signal when the gas pressure inside the battery box (9) accumulates to a certain value; 所述可燃气体探测器适于当电池柜(11)内可燃气体的浓度达到一定值时触发报警以发出报警信号；The combustible gas detector is suitable for triggering an alarm to send an alarm signal when the concentration of combustible gas in the battery cabinet (11) reaches a certain value; 所述电池管理***(12)还用于实时监测电芯(10)的表面温度并计算得到电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率、根据实时监测电芯(10)的表面温度、电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率以及报警信号判定电池箱工作状态；The battery management system (12) is also used to monitor the surface temperature of the battery core (10) in real time and calculate the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery core (10) with time. Based on the real-time monitoring of the surface temperature of the battery core (10), The changing rate of the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) with time and the alarm signal determine the working status of the battery box; 当电池管理***(12)未接收到报警信号并且电芯(10)的表面温度及电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率无异常时，浸没式储能电池热管理***保持正常运行：此时电磁阀全部打开，泵(1)按照额定工况运行；When the battery management system (12) does not receive an alarm signal and there is no abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) and the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) over time, the immersed energy storage battery thermal management system maintains normal operation. : At this time, the solenoid valves are all open and the pump (1) operates according to the rated working conditions; 当电池管理***(12)接收到报警信号并且电芯(10)的表面温度及电芯(10)的表面温度随时间的变化率无异常时，此时由电池管理***(12)发出告警信号，提醒相关人员前往现场查看情况，电磁阀仍保持全部打开的状态，泵(1)仍按照额定工况运行；When the battery management system (12) receives the alarm signal and there is no abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) and the rate of change of the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) over time, the battery management system (12) will issue an alarm signal at this time. , reminding relevant personnel to go to the site to check the situation. The solenoid valves are still fully open and the pump (1) is still operating according to the rated working conditions; 当电池管理***(12)未接收到报警信号，但监测到电芯(10)的表面温度异常或电芯(10)表面的温度随时间的变化率异常时，判定电芯(10)处于热失控初期，由电池管理***(12)发出告警信号，同时电磁阀仍保持全部打开的状态，并调节泵(1)的频率，提高流量，加快电池箱(9)内部电芯(10)换热降温；当电池管理***(12)监测到电芯(10)表面温度及表面温度随时间的变化率均恢复正常时，取消告警信号，并调节泵(1)的频率至额定工况。 When the battery management system (12) does not receive an alarm signal but detects an abnormality in the surface temperature of the battery core (10) or an abnormal change rate of the temperature of the battery core (10) surface over time, it determines that the battery core (10) is in a hot state. In the early stage of loss of control, the battery management system (12) sends an alarm signal. At the same time, the solenoid valve remains fully open and adjusts the frequency of the pump (1) to increase the flow rate and speed up the heat exchange of the cells (10) inside the battery box (9). Cool down; when the battery management system (12) detects that the surface temperature of the battery cell (10) and the rate of change of the surface temperature over time return to normal, the alarm signal is canceled and the frequency of the pump (1) is adjusted to the rated working condition.
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