WO2023221297A1 - Procédé de fabrication de céramique présentant une aptitude aux impacts multiples et plaque d'insertion pare-balles - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de céramique présentant une aptitude aux impacts multiples et plaque d'insertion pare-balles Download PDF

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WO2023221297A1
WO2023221297A1 PCT/CN2022/109161 CN2022109161W WO2023221297A1 WO 2023221297 A1 WO2023221297 A1 WO 2023221297A1 CN 2022109161 W CN2022109161 W CN 2022109161W WO 2023221297 A1 WO2023221297 A1 WO 2023221297A1
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ceramic
bullet
aramid
sintering
insert plate
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PCT/CN2022/109161
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
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张虹
林文松
欧阳晓平
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浙江立泰复合材料股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2023221297A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023221297A1/fr

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    • C04B35/515—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/56—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides
    • C04B35/565—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on silicon carbide
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Definitions

  • the invention relates to a bulletproof insert plate material and a preparation method thereof, specifically a preparation method of multi-bullet resistant ceramics and a bulletproof insert plate.
  • Bulletproof ceramics are the core material of lightweight bulletproof inserts, which play a role in breaking bullets and dissipating energy against incoming bullets.
  • rapid-fire weapons has put forward a realistic demand for protective inserts to prevent multiple rounds.
  • the patent application number 201920946066.8 discloses a bulletproof insert plate structure, which is staggered and spliced by two layers of ceramic small plates to avoid the bulletproof weakness caused by the ceramic overlap seams and improve its ability to withstand multiple bullets.
  • the patent application number 201220010296.1 discloses a composite structure bulletproof material plate.
  • the core point is still a ceramic layer made of units composed of ceramic plates or ceramic particles.
  • the present invention provides a preparation method of multi-bullet resistant ceramics and a bulletproof insert plate, which solve the problems in the prior art. It is characterized by elastic ceramics made of silicon carbide, boron carbide or a combination of the two. After ultra-high temperature sintering, it has a coarse grain structure, higher and more uniform hardness and compressive strength, and has high impact resistance. brittleness.
  • the bulletproof insert plate made by combining this type of ceramics with an appropriate backing plate has low bulk density and high elastic resistance. It can be used as a human body protection insert plate to resist multiple rounds of small and medium-caliber bullets such as DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) bullets. Invasion.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing multi-bullet-resistant ceramics, which involves sintering silicon carbide and/or boron carbide.
  • the sintering can be high-temperature sintering, reaction sintering, hot-pressing sintering or pressureless sintering.
  • reaction sintering has a sintering temperature of 1750°C to 1900°C and a holding time of 4 to 6 hours;
  • hot press sintering has a temperature of 2100°C to 2250°C and a pressure The temperature is 30MPa, and the holding time is 2 to 3 hours;
  • the pressureless sintering has a temperature of 2050°C to 2150°C, and a holding time of 3 to 5 hours.
  • the silicon carbide and/or boron carbide are obtained by ball milling and centrifugal atomization granulation with a molding agent or sintering aid, where the ball milling mixing time is 12-24 hours, and the inlet of centrifugal atomization granulation is The temperature is 150-210°C, and the outlet temperature is 80-110°C; the dosage of the molding agent or burning aid is 2%-15%.
  • the molding agent is one or more of phenolic resin, glucose, and epoxy resin
  • the burning aid is carbon (C), metal element (such as Al), metal oxide (such as Al 2 O 3 ), one or more types of borides (such as TiB 2 ), etc.
  • the ceramic has an average grain size of 200-380 ⁇ m, a Vickers hardness of 23.5GPa-34GPa, and a compressive strength of 2200MPa-3100MPa.
  • the invention provides an anti-multi-bullet ceramic protective insert plate based on the above-mentioned ceramic, wherein: a crack arresting layer, an anti-ballistic ceramic panel and The energy-absorbing back panel has an area density of less than 25kg/m 2 and can withstand penetration by four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm bullets. All back protrusions are less than 25mm.
  • the crack-stopping layer is composed of aramid woven fabric, with an area density of 0.4-0.8kg/m 2 ;
  • the areal density of the anti-ballistic ceramic panel is 10.5-13.5kg/m 2 ;
  • the energy-absorbing layer is thermally cured by laminating ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene woven fabrics with an area density of 9.2 to 14.0 kg/m 2 .
  • a support layer is also provided between the anti-ballistic ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing backboard.
  • the support layer is thermally cured by laminating carbon fiber non-woven fabrics or aramid non-woven fabrics, with an area density of 0 to 1.8 kg/ m2 .
  • the aramid woven fabric is para-aramid (aramid II) woven fabric or heterocyclic aramid (aramid III) woven fabric
  • the aramid weft-free fabric is para-aramid (aramid) Aromatic II) weftless fabric or heterocyclic aramid (aromatic III) weftless fabric.
  • the present invention provides a method for preparing the multi-bullet resistant ceramic protective insert plate, which includes the following steps:
  • the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25-30 minutes. After compounding, it will be used as an energy-absorbing backboard;
  • the anti-cracking layer composed of aramid woven fabric, the anti-elastic ceramic panel obtained in step 1), and the energy-absorbing backing plate obtained in step 2) are laminated together through the adhesive layer in sequence, and are heated at 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure. Get compounded.
  • a support layer is also provided between the anti-ballistic ceramic panel and the energy-absorbing back panel, and the support layer (4) is made of aramid UD cloth.
  • the preparation step of the support layer is to press and compound aramid UD cloth.
  • the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 10 minutes.
  • the present invention adopts the strategy of high-strength, high-hardness and highly brittle anti-ballistic ceramics.
  • the ceramic fragments produced by the impact of each bullet with ceramics greatly consume the bullet's Due to the kinetic energy, the cracks produced by the ceramic plate near the impact point are widely spaced and have little impact on the anti-elastic properties of other impact points, thus improving the ability of the bulletproof insert plate to stably withstand multiple rounds.
  • the bulletproof insert plate composed of three or four layers of materials maintains the inherent advantages of light weight and high hardness of bulletproof ceramics.
  • the strong support of the ceramic back plate fully exerts the bullet-breaking performance of the ceramic; the ceramic bullet-facing surface
  • the anti-cracking layer effectively avoids secondary damage caused by the splashing of ceramic particles.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bulletproof inserting plate of the present invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the impact point position of the bulletproof insert plate
  • Figure 3 is an X-ray perspective photograph (top picture) and an appearance diagram (bottom picture) of the target plate corresponding to Example 1 after being hit by four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullets. The picture shows the back);
  • Figure 4 is an X-ray perspective photograph (top picture) and an appearance diagram (bottom picture) of the target plate corresponding to Example 2 after being hit by four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullets. The picture shows the back);
  • Figure 5 is an X-ray perspective photograph (top picture) and an appearance diagram (bottom picture) of the target plate corresponding to Example 3 after four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullets were hit. The picture shows the back);
  • Figure 6 is an X-ray perspective photograph (top picture) and an appearance diagram (bottom picture) of the target plate corresponding to Example 4 after being hit by four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullets.
  • the left picture shows the front, and the right picture shows the The picture shows the back);
  • Figure 7 shows the X-ray perspective photo (top photo) and the apparent morphology photo (bottom photo) of the target plate corresponding to Comparative Example 5 after being hit by four rounds of DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullets. The picture shows the back).
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arresting layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is silicon carbide and is manufactured by a reaction sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix silicon carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 15h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 195°C, outlet temperature 90°C), in which the mass proportion of phenolic resin is 15%, and the mixed powder is pressed and formed. Finally, a silicon cake composed of metallic silicon powder as the main body is placed on the compact. In a vacuum environment, a silicon infiltration reaction is used to obtain a dense silicon carbide ceramic.
  • the reaction sintering temperature is 1800°C and the sintering holding time is 5 hours; the resulting carbonization
  • the main structural and performance indicators of silicon ceramics average grain size 210 ⁇ m, Vickers hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 23.8GPa, compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2250MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 1.75 MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ;
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Press and compound, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, compounding time is 30 minutes, and it will be used as an energy-absorbing backing board after compounding.
  • Step 3) Aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 , aramid woven fabric is para-aramid (aramid II) woven fabric or heterocyclic aramid (aramid III) woven fabric)
  • the crack arresting layer, the silicon carbide ceramic plate (area density 14.0kg/m 2 ) obtained in step 1), and the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheet (area density 10.2kg/m 2 ) obtained in step 2) are passed through EVA in sequence
  • the adhesive layers were laminated together and compounded under 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a bulletproof insert with a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 24.8kg/ m2 .
  • the thickness of each layer, overall thickness and specifications of the bulletproof insert are shown in Table 1. .
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of the insert plates were used to defend against one DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullet.
  • Specific test conditions The distance between the impact point of the projectile and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two projectile impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of four layers of materials, including a crack arrester layer, a ceramic panel, an aramid fiber board, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is boron carbide and is manufactured by a hot-pressing sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix boron carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 12h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 180°C, outlet temperature 85°C). The mass proportion of phenolic resin is 2%. After the mixed powder is pressed and formed, In a vacuum environment, boron carbide ceramic panels were prepared by hot-pressing sintering. The hot-pressing sintering temperature was 2200°C, the pressure was 30MPa, and the holding time was 2 hours.
  • the main structural and performance indicators of the obtained boron carbide ceramics were: average grain size 350 ⁇ m, dimension Hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 33.8GPa, compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 3050MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 1.25MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
  • Step 2) Unfold and cut the aramid UD cloth and place it neatly on the mold of the hot press for pressing and compounding.
  • the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 10 minutes.
  • Step 3 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 4) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.8kg/m 2 ), the boron carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 12.2kg/m 2 ), and the aramid fiber obtained in step 2)
  • the support layer (area density 1.8kg/m 2 ) and the energy-absorbing backboard (area density 9.8kg/m 2 ) composed of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiberboard obtained in step 3) are laminated together in sequence through an adhesive layer and heated at 128°C , compounded under a pressure of 1.0MPa to obtain a bulletproof insert plate with a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 25kg/ m2 .
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of the insert plates were used to defend against one DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullet.
  • Specific test conditions The distance between the impact point of the projectile and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two projectile impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arresting layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is boron carbide and is manufactured by a pressureless sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • the main structural performance indicators of the obtained boron carbide ceramic are: average grain size 300 ⁇ m, Vickers hardness (GB /T 16534-2009) 31.8GPa, compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2950MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 1.75MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 3) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 ), the boron carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 11.5kg/m 2 ), and the ultra-high Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets (area density 12.8kg/m 2 ) are laminated together through adhesive layers in sequence, and compounded under 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 24.9kg/m 2 bulletproof inserts.
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of the insert plates were used to defend against one DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullet.
  • Specific test conditions The distance between the impact point of the projectile and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two projectile impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arrester layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is a complex ceramic composed of silicon carbide and boron carbide, which is made by reaction sintering. Craft manufacturing. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix boron carbide, silicon carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 20h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 185°C, outlet temperature 90°C), where the mass ratio of boron carbide, silicon carbide, and phenolic resin is The ratio is 75:10:15.
  • a silicon cake composed of metallic silicon powder as the main body is placed on the compact. In a vacuum environment, the silicon infiltration reaction is used to obtain dense silicon carbide ceramics.
  • the reaction sintering temperature is 1820 °C, the sintering holding time is 5 hours; the main structural performance indicators of the obtained multi-phase ceramic: average grain size 250 ⁇ m, Vickers hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 26.5GPa, compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2710MPa, The average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) is 1.85MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 3) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 ), the composite ceramic panel obtained in step 1) (area density 14.2kg/m 2 ), and the ultra-high ceramic panel obtained in step 2) Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets (area density 10.2kg/m 2 ) are laminated together through adhesive layers in sequence, and compounded at 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a size of 250mm ⁇ 300mm and an area density of 25.0kg/m 2 bulletproof inserts.
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of the insert plates were used to defend against one DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullet.
  • Specific test conditions The distance between the impact point of the projectile and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two projectile impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arresting layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is silicon carbide and is manufactured by a reaction sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix silicon carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 15h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 195°C, outlet temperature 90°C), in which the mass proportion of phenolic resin is 15%, and the mixed powder is pressed and formed. Finally, a silicon cake composed of metallic silicon powder as the main body is placed on the compact. In a vacuum environment, a silicon infiltration reaction is used to obtain a dense silicon carbide ceramic.
  • the reaction sintering temperature is 1630°C and the sintering holding time is 2 hours; the resulting carbonization
  • the main structural and performance indicators of silicon ceramics average grain size 54 ⁇ m, average Vickers hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 22.0GPa, average compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2110MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009 )2.75MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ;
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Press and compound, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 30 minutes.
  • Step 3) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 ), the silicon carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 14.0kg/m 2 ), and the ultra-high Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets (area density 10.2kg/m 2 ) are laminated together through adhesive layers in sequence, and compounded at 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 24.8kg/m 2 bulletproof inserts.
  • aramid woven fabric area density 0.4kg/m 2
  • the silicon carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) area density 14.0kg/m 2
  • the ultra-high Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets area density 10.2kg/m 2
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates (six pieces) were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 Police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of each insert plate were used to defend against one DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) ) bullet, specific test conditions: the distance between the impact point of the bullet and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the above-mentioned target test two of each of the six plates were penetrated by one shot.
  • the back convexity value of the unpenetrated impact point was 24.2 to 33.1mm, with an average of 27.9mm.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of four layers of materials, including a crack arrester layer, a ceramic panel, an aramid fiber board, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is boron carbide and is manufactured by a hot-pressing sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix boron carbide powder and molding agent by ball milling (time: 12h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 185°C, outlet temperature 80°C). The mass proportion of molding agent is 2%. After the mixed powder is pressed and formed, In a vacuum environment, boron carbide ceramic panels were prepared by hot-pressing sintering. The hot-pressing sintering temperature was 1980°C, the pressure was 30MPa, and the holding time was 1 hour.
  • the main structural and performance indicators of the obtained boron carbide ceramics were: average grain size 50 ⁇ m, average Vickers hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 32.0GPa, average compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 3010MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 3.25MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ;
  • Step 2) Unfold and cut the aramid UD cloth and place it neatly on the mold of the hot press for pressing and compounding.
  • the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 10 minutes.
  • Step 3 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 4) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.8kg/m 2 ), the boron carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 12.2kg/m 2 ), and the aramid fiber obtained in step 2)
  • the support layer (area density 1.8kg/m 2 ) and the energy-absorbing backboard (area density 9.8kg/m 2 ) composed of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiberboard obtained in step 3) are laminated together in sequence through an adhesive layer and heated at 128°C , compounded under a pressure of 1.0MPa to obtain a bulletproof insert plate with a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 25kg/ m2 .
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates (six pieces) were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 Police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of each insert plate were used to defend against one DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) ) bullet, specific test conditions: the distance between the impact point of the bullet and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • the distance between the impact point of the bullet and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm
  • the distance between the two impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm
  • the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s
  • the incident angle is 0°
  • the shooting distance is 15m.
  • one of the six boards was penetrated by two shots, and one board was penetrated by one shot; the back convexity value of the unpenet
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arresting layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is boron carbide and is manufactured by a pressureless sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Ball mill and mix boron carbide powder and sintering aid powder (time: 16h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 190°C, outlet temperature 95°C), where the sintering aid is a mixture of carbon and silicon carbide (1 : 2), the mass proportion of sintering aid is 12%, after the mixed powder is pressed and formed, it is sintered and kept at 1980°C for 2 hours;
  • the main structural performance indicators of the obtained boron carbide ceramic are: average grain size 35 ⁇ m, average Vickers hardness (GB /T 16534-2009) 29.5GPa, average compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2900MPa, average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 3.05MPa ⁇ m 1/2 ;
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 3) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 ), the boron carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 11.5kg/m 2 ), and the ultra-high Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets (area density 12.8kg/m 2 ) are laminated together through adhesive layers in sequence, and compounded under 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 24.9kg/m 2 bulletproof inserts.
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates (six pieces) were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 Police Body Armor" standard. Each insert plate was used to defend against one DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) at the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of each insert plate. ) bullet, specific test conditions: the distance between the impact point of the bullet and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m. In the above-mentioned target test, two of the six plates were penetrated by one shot each. The back convexity value of the unpenetrated impact point was 24.2 to 30.1mm, with an average of 27.0mm.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of three layers of materials: a crack arrester layer, a ceramic panel, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is a complex ceramic composed of silicon carbide and boron carbide, which is made by reaction sintering. Craft manufacturing. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix boron carbide, silicon carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 20h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 185°C, outlet temperature 90°C), where the mass ratio of boron carbide, silicon carbide, and phenolic resin is The ratio is 75:10:15.
  • a silicon cake composed of metallic silicon powder as the main body is placed on the compact. In a vacuum environment, the silicon infiltration reaction is used to obtain dense silicon carbide ceramics.
  • the reaction sintering temperature is 1580 °C, the sintering holding time is 2 hours; the main structural performance indicators of the obtained multiphase ceramics: average grain size 45 ⁇ m, average Vickers hardness (GB/T16534-2009) 25.2GPa, average compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2600MPa , average fracture toughness (GB/T23806-2009) 3.25MPa ⁇ m 1/2 .
  • Step 2 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 3) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.4kg/m 2 ), the composite ceramic panel obtained in step 1) (area density 14.2kg/m 2 ), and the ultra-high ceramic panel obtained in step 2) Molecular weight polyethylene fiber energy-absorbing backsheets (area density 10.2kg/m 2 ) are laminated together through adhesive layers in sequence, and compounded at 128°C and 1.0MPa pressure to obtain a size of 250mm ⁇ 300mm and an area density of 25.0kg/m 2 bulletproof inserts.
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates (six pieces) were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 Police Body Armor" standard. Each insert plate was used to defend against one DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) at the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of each insert plate. ) bullet, specific test conditions: the distance between the impact point of the bullet and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m. In the above-mentioned target test, three of the six boards were penetrated by one shot each. The back convexity value of the unpenetrated impact point was 24.2 to 29.1mm, with an average of 26.9mm.
  • the bulletproof insert plate is composed of four layers of materials, including a crack arrester layer, a ceramic panel, an aramid fiber board, and an ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene energy-absorbing layer.
  • the ceramic panel material is boron carbide and is manufactured by a hot-pressing sintering process. Its specific preparation method is as follows:
  • Step 1) Mix boron carbide powder and phenolic resin by ball milling (time: 12h), centrifugal atomization and granulation (inlet temperature 185°C, outlet temperature 80°C). The mass proportion of phenolic resin is 2%.
  • boron carbide ceramic panels were prepared by hot-pressing sintering. The hot-pressing sintering temperature was 2050°C, the pressure was 30MPa, and the holding time was 2 hours.
  • the main structural and performance indicators of the obtained boron carbide ceramics were: average grain size 63 ⁇ m, dimension Hardness (GB/T 16534-2009) 29.5GPa, compressive strength (GBT 4740-1999) 2600MPa;
  • Step 2) Unfold and cut the aramid UD cloth and place it neatly on the mold of the hot press for pressing and compounding.
  • the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 10 minutes.
  • Step 3 Unfold and cut the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber (average molecular weight 3 million to 3.1 million) UD cloth, and place the cut ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiber UD cloth neatly on the mold of the heat press. Pressing and compounding, the compounding conditions are 128°C, 25MPa, and the compounding time is 25min.
  • Step 4) Combine the crack arresting layer composed of aramid woven fabric (area density 0.8kg/m 2 ), the boron carbide ceramic plate obtained in step 1) (area density 12.2kg/m 2 ), and the aramid fiber obtained in step 2)
  • the support layer (area density 1.8kg/m 2 ) and the energy-absorbing backboard (area density 9.8kg/m 2 ) composed of the ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene fiberboard obtained in step 3) are laminated together in sequence through an adhesive layer and heated at 128°C , compounded under a pressure of 1.0MPa to obtain a bulletproof insert plate with a size of 260mm ⁇ 325mm and an area density of 25kg/ m2 .
  • the above-mentioned bulletproof insert plates were tested in accordance with the "GA141-2010 police Body Armor" standard.
  • the appropriate parts of the upper left, lower right, lower left and upper right parts of the insert plates were used to defend against one DBP95 5.8mm (steel core) bullet.
  • Specific test conditions The distance between the impact point of the projectile and the edge of the insert plate is not less than 50mm, the distance between the two projectile impact points is 100 ⁇ 10mm, the bullet speed is 940 ⁇ 10m/s, the incident angle is 0°, and the shooting distance is 15m.
  • Two identical target plates obtained by the above process were subjected to a target test.
  • the invention discloses a method for preparing a multi-bullet-resistant ceramic, especially a bullet-resistant ceramic composed of silicon carbide, boron carbide or a composite of the two. It is characterized in that the ceramic has a coarse grain structure after being sintered at ultra-high temperature. It has high and more uniform hardness and compressive strength, and has high impact brittleness. It is a ceramic with specific metallographic structure and mechanical properties.
  • the main mechanism of composite armor to resist bullet penetration is: the bullet-resistant ceramic panel uses its high hardness and high strength characteristics to exert bullet-breaking effect to fragment the invading bullet. In the process of continued penetration, the bullet interacts with the fragments generated by the ceramic fragmentation.
  • the counter-grinding further consumes the mass and kinetic energy of the bullet; the bullet after penetrating the ceramic panel causes the fiber material of the back plate to shear and elongate, thereby consuming the remaining kinetic energy of the bullet and trapping the bullet fragments in the back plate, thereby preventing the bullet from Penetrate armor.
  • the support material in the bulletproof back plate of the present invention has relatively high stiffness, which prevents the ceramic panel from excessive bending during bullet penetration and gives full play to the bullet-breaking effectiveness of the ceramic panel.
  • increasing the grain size of the ceramic microstructure can improve the hardness and compressive strength of the ceramic.
  • brittleness properties can also fully break the ceramic around the impact point, thereby increasing the consumption of the bullet's kinetic energy and mass, and also causing it to produce
  • the angle (spacing) between multiple cracks is larger, so that the subsequent impact point has a greater probability of being in a complete ceramic position, thus improving its ability to resist penetration.
  • the bulletproof insert plate made by combining this type of ceramics with an appropriate backing plate has low bulk density and high elastic resistance. It can be used as a human body protection insert plate to resist multiple rounds of small and medium-caliber bullets such as DBP95 type 5.8mm (steel core) bullets. Invasion.

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Abstract

La présente invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'une céramique présentant une aptitude aux impacts multiples et une plaque d'insertion pare-balles. La céramique est obtenue par frittage de carbure de silicium et/ou de carbure de bore, le procédé de frittage étant constitué par un ou plusieurs procédés parmi un frittage à haute température, un frittage par réaction, un frittage par pressage à chaud ou un frittage sans pression. La céramique présente une grosseur moyenne de grain de 200 à 380 µm, une dureté Vickers de 23,5 à 34 GPa et une résistance à la compression de 2200 à 3100 MPa. La plaque d'insertion pare-balles est obtenue par collage d'une couche d'arrêt de fissures (1), d'un panneau céramique pare-balles (2) et d'une plaque arrière d'absorption d'énergie (3), à partir de la surface vers l'intérieur. La plaque d'insertion pare-balles présente une densité de surface inférieure à 25 kg/m2, peut résister à l'impact de quatre balles DBP95 de 5,8 mm et toutes les déformations de face arrière sont inférieures à 25 mm. Sous l'hypothèse que la plaque d'insertion pare-balles n'est pas percée par une balle, la déformation de face arrière provoquée par la balle pénétrante est efficacement atténuée, ce qui permet de répondre aux diverses exigences pare-balles de plaques d'insertion de protection de nouvelle génération.
PCT/CN2022/109161 2022-05-19 2022-07-29 Procédé de fabrication de céramique présentant une aptitude aux impacts multiples et plaque d'insertion pare-balles WO2023221297A1 (fr)

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