WO2023159982A1 - 锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置 - Google Patents

锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023159982A1
WO2023159982A1 PCT/CN2022/126345 CN2022126345W WO2023159982A1 WO 2023159982 A1 WO2023159982 A1 WO 2023159982A1 CN 2022126345 W CN2022126345 W CN 2022126345W WO 2023159982 A1 WO2023159982 A1 WO 2023159982A1
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Prior art keywords
coating
transfer
roller
lithium battery
dispensing
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PCT/CN2022/126345
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张年福
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上海福赛特智能设备有限公司
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Priority to EP22798231.1A priority Critical patent/EP4265340A4/en
Priority to JP2023548571A priority patent/JP2024510714A/ja
Publication of WO2023159982A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159982A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0808—Details thereof, e.g. surface characteristics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
    • B05C1/0834—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets the coating roller co-operating with other rollers, e.g. dosing, transfer rollers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0873—Controlling means responsive to conditions of the liquid or other fluent material, of the ambient medium, of the roller or of the work
    • B05C1/0882—Controlling means responsive to conditions of the liquid or other fluent material, of the ambient medium, of the roller or of the work responsive to the distance between two rollers, e.g. between the coating roller and a backing roller
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/04—Construction or manufacture in general
    • H01M10/0404—Machines for assembling batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/403—Manufacturing processes of separators, membranes or diaphragms
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/409—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material
    • H01M50/449—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by the material having a layered structure
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
    • H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
    • H01M50/46—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes
    • H01M50/461—Separators, membranes or diaphragms characterised by their combination with electrodes with adhesive layers between electrodes and separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C—APPARATUS FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05C1/00—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating
    • B05C1/04—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length
    • B05C1/08—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line
    • B05C1/0826—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets
    • B05C1/083—Apparatus in which liquid or other fluent material is applied to the surface of the work by contact with a member carrying the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. a porous member loaded with a liquid to be applied as a coating for applying liquid or other fluent material to work of indefinite length using a roller or other rotating member which contacts the work along a generating line the work being a web or sheets being passed between the coating roller and one or more backing rollers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of lithium battery diaphragm preparation, in particular to a lithium battery diaphragm dispensing and coating device.
  • the polymer-free dot hole area can realize the effective transmission of lithium ions, improve the lithium ion conductivity of the separator, thereby improving the charge and discharge performance of the lithium battery and prolonging the cycle life of the lithium battery.
  • the non-full-coverage coating adhesive layer technology usually used in the preparation of lithium battery separators generally includes PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride, a highly non-reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer) agglomeration shrinkage coating film
  • PVDF polyvinylidene fluoride, a highly non-reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer
  • agglomeration shrinkage coating film There are two types with PVDF "island" sprayed film: the surface of the diaphragm formed by the former utilizes the hydrophobicity of PVDF, and the PVDF is made into agglomerates by adjusting the tension of the slurry.
  • the non-full coverage coating adhesive layer used in the preparation of the existing lithium battery separator cannot precisely control the size of each glue point, the distance between the glue points and the state of agglomeration, so the discrete glue film formed Layers have an impact on both the control of production quality and the quality of subsequent windings. Therefore, the inventors of the present application have developed a method for the preparation of a non-full-covered coating diaphragm (which cannot be considered as a complete prior art), which can form a local coating structure that is flat and uniform in size, thereby achieving a uniform PVDF " dotted" coating film.
  • the concave holes or grooves 011 on the roller surface of the anilox roller 01 are first filled with the rubber material for coating, and a liquid film layer with uniform thickness is formed;
  • the point 021 transfers the liquid film layer to the transfer surface of the bump 021 during the contact process with the anilox roller 01, and during the transfer process, the transfer surface of the bump 021 is in tangential contact with the roller surface of the anilox roller 01;
  • using the flat bottom roller 03 to squeeze the transfer surface of the bump 021 on the relief roller 02 from transferring the liquid film layer on the transfer surface of the bump 021 to passing between the flat bottom roller 03 and the relief roller 02 and along the
  • a uniform "dot-like" coating layer is formed on the side of the membrane 04 facing the relief roll 02.
  • the inventors of the present application have found that by adopting the preparation scheme of the above-mentioned uniform "dot-like" coating diaphragm, although a flat, uniform-sized local coating structure can be formed on the diaphragm, it can only form a thinner thickness (such as the thickness of the coating film). Thickness is below 5 ⁇ m) liquid film layer, can't realize the requirement that the thickness of coating film is thicker (for example, the thickness of coating film is above 10 ⁇ m); The thickness of dispensing can only be adjusted by changing gravure rollers of different versions, but the cost of this method is high, the operation is cumbersome and time-consuming.
  • the invention proposes a lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device, the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing
  • the coating device includes a paint transfer device, a feed controller and a flat bottom roller.
  • the paint transfer device includes a rubber container and a relief roller, and the rubber container is provided with a storage groove for storing the rubber , the roll surface of the relief roller is provided with transfer bumps, and the transfer bumps are suitable for inserting into the material holding grooves at the corresponding positions on the rubber containing device to transfer the diaphragm coating; the diaphragm coating forms a coating Coating glue drops on the transfer end surface of the transfer bump, the flat bottom roller is reversely rotated relative to the glue containing device, driving the coating film to move, so that the coating on the transfer bump
  • the sizing material drips onto the coating film and forms a non-full coverage coating layer on the coating film.
  • the sizing material containing device is an anilox roll, a textured roll or a single stick.
  • the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device when using the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device to coat the coating glue on the coating film to form a coating layer, first use the anilox roller to transfer the coating glue in the hopper to the anilox. In the material groove on the roller, and in the material groove on the roller surface of the anilox roller, a liquid film layer with uniform thickness is formed; It is inserted into the material groove on the anilox roller and leaves the material groove with the rotation of the relief roller and the anilox roller, and at the same time, the coating rubber is taken out of the material groove by the tension of the coating material itself.
  • the coating glue drop is mainly transferred and dropped on the coating film under the action of tension difference, thereby forming a non-full coverage coating layer on the coating film; it should be emphasized that the coating The glue drop mainly utilizes the tension difference between the letterpress roller and the coating film to transfer and drop coating. The larger the tension difference, the better the drop coating transfer effect.
  • the self-gravity of the coating glue drop and the The centrifugal force formed by the rotation of the relief roll also plays a certain role in its transfer and dripping onto the coating film.
  • the device also includes a feed rate controller and a flat bottom roller, the feed rate controller is used to detect and adjust and control the feed rate of the transfer protrusions on the relief roll inserted into the material containing grooves.
  • the flat bottom roller is located on the lower side of the relief roller, and there is a film-through gap for the coating film to pass between the flat bottom roller and the relief roller.
  • the thickness of the prepared coating layer is adjusted and controlled by adjusting and controlling the feeding amount of the transfer protrusion on the relief roll inserted into the material containing groove on the anilox roll through the feed amount controller. It can be known from experiments that the thickness range of the coating layer formed on the coating film by using the lithium battery separator dispensing coating device of the present invention is 2 ⁇ m-30 ⁇ m, which is less than 5 ⁇ m compared with the coating formed by coating in the prior art. Cloth layer, the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating is relatively large, and the thickness control is simple and convenient.
  • the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device can also be provided with a coating device, and the coating device is in conflict with the glue containing device, so that the paint forms a liquid film layer with a uniform thickness on the surface of the glue containing device, preferably Specifically, the smearing device includes a roller or a doctor blade. When a roller is used, the roller is close to the roller surface of the anilox roller and contacts with the coating rubber on the roller surface of the anilox roller to remove excess coating glue.
  • the material forms a liquid film layer with a uniform thickness in the mesh of the anilox roller during the rotation of the anilox roller; when a scraper is used, the scraper is close to the roller surface of the anilox roller, and the scraper The paint on the roller surface of the anilox roller is scraped to remove excess coating material, and a liquid film layer with uniform thickness is formed in the mesh of the anilox roller.
  • the ratio Q of the inner diameter d1 of the material receiving groove to the diameter d2 of the transfer end surface of the transfer bump is ⁇ 1.5.
  • the area of the transfer end surface of the transfer bump is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the material-holding groove, so that the transfer end-face of the transfer bump can be inserted into the inside of the material-hold groove of the anilox roller, thereby making use of the tension of the coating material to make the
  • the coating material is attached to the transfer end face of the transfer bump and forms a spherical or ellipsoidal coating material drop, and the coating material drop will not squeeze the coating film during the transfer process, but mainly passes through the coating
  • the cloth glue is dripped on the coating film due to the difference in tension formed by the relief roller made of different materials and the coating film.
  • the transfer end face of the transfer bump is a circular surface, the diameter d2 of the transfer end face ranges from 20 ⁇ m to 1 mm, and when the transfer bump is inserted into the material receiving groove, the transfer The distance L between the end surface and the bottom of the container groove is in the range of 20 ⁇ m-250 ⁇ m. In this way, when using the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device of the present invention to coat and form a non-full-coverage coating layer on the coating film, it can avoid affecting the coating due to the transfer end face of the transfer bump being too small or too large.
  • the transfer of the rubber material, at the same time, the coating formed on the transfer bump can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the transfer bump inserted into the material groove, that is, the distance L between the transfer end surface and the groove bottom of the material groove.
  • the height of the glue droplet, and then the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating can be adjusted according to the height of the coating glue droplet.
  • the transfer bump is a conical frustum structure with a concave busbar, a conical frustum structure with a convex busbar, a conical frustum structure or a stepped platform structure
  • the stepped platform structure includes a connecting base and a transfer boss, The cross-sectional area of the transfer boss is smaller than that of the connection base.
  • the transfer boss is a cylindrical structure
  • the connection base is a conical frustum-shaped structure
  • the height h1 of the cylindrical structure is ⁇ 200 ⁇ m
  • the height h1 of the cylindrical structure is in relation to the diameter of the transfer end surface
  • the ratio of d2 is N ⁇ 2.5. In this way, it is possible to prevent the transfer effect of the transfer bump from being too slender during the process of transferring the rubber material, thereby affecting the coating effect in the later stage.
  • the feed rate controller can use a grating ruler or other high-precision measuring means.
  • the grating ruler is selected as the feed controller, the installation and operation are simple and convenient, and the detection and control accuracy is high, which is convenient for the coating operator to control the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating.
  • the thickness of the liquid film layer formed in the material-holding groove on the anilox roller due to the coating material is uniform, so the coating The thickness of the formed coating layer is stable and uniform; when transferring the rubber material for coating, the transfer bumps on the relief roller are inserted into the grooves on the anilox roller, and the tension of the rubber material for coating is used Take the coating material out of the material groove and form a coating material drop on the transfer end of the transfer bump to facilitate the transfer of the coating material; at the same time, use the feed controller to adjust the transfer according to the coating requirements
  • the feeding amount of the bump inserted into the material groove is convenient to control the height of the formed coating glue droplet, and then it is convenient to control the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating; in the process of moving the coating film, the transfer The coating material on the bumps is dripped on the coating film, and the coating material is mainly formed on the coating film under the action of the difference in tension between the relief roller
  • the coating point that constitutes the coating film so as to avoid the pressure of the coating glue droplet during the coating process and cause the thickness of the coating layer to become smaller, to ensure the thickness of the coating layer, and to use the side of the transfer bump
  • the coating glue on the coating can appropriately increase the area of the coating point and increase the coverage of the coating layer on the coating film; and in the field of lithium battery separator preparation, it has not been found that this coating method is applied to production Lithium battery diaphragm.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a preparation device used in the prior art to prepare a non-full-coverage coating layer method
  • Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram that prepares the thinner non-full coverage coating layer of thickness
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that prepares thicker non-full-coverage coating layer
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a dispensing and coating device for a lithium battery diaphragm of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that comprises the dispensing coating device dispensing of dispensing control device
  • Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the transfer bump in the lithium battery separator dispensing coating device shown in Fig. 4, wherein, Fig. 6 (a) is the structural representation of the transfer bump of the tapered truncated structure of busbar indentation; Fig. 6(b) is a structural schematic diagram of a transfer bump with a stepped platform structure; Figure 6(c) is a structural schematic diagram of a transfer bump with a tapered platform structure with a busbar protruding outward; Figure 6(d) is a transfer bump with a tapered platform structure Schematic diagram of the structure;
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic front view of the transfer bump shown in Fig. 6, wherein Fig. 7(a) is a front view schematic view of a transfer bump with a conical platform structure concave in the busbar; Fig. 7(b) is a stepped structure Figure 7(c) is a front view schematic diagram of a transfer bump with a conical frustum structure with a busbar protruding outward; Figure 7(d) is a front view schematic diagram of a transfer bump with a conical frustum structure ;
  • Figure 8 is a schematic front view of the transfer bump shown in Figure 6 with a drop of coating glue
  • Figure 8(a) is a transfer bump with a concave tapered truncated structure of the busbar with a drop of coating glue
  • Figure 8 (b) is a schematic front view of the transfer bump with a stepped platform structure when the rubber droplet is applied
  • Figure 8 (c) is a transfer bump belt with a tapered platform structure with a bus bar protruding outward
  • Fig. 8 (d) is a schematic diagram of the front view when the transfer bump of the conical truncated structure has a bead of glue coating;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the coating layer prepared when the dispensing coating device of the present invention is used and the transfer bump is a conical truncated structure with concave busbars.
  • 21-transfer bump 21-transfer bump, 211-transfer end face, 2101-connection base, 2102-transfer boss.
  • the inventors of the present application found that the preparation scheme of the non-full coverage coating diaphragm originally developed mainly borrowed the technical ideas in printing technology, in order to ensure that the center of the transfer process is in the top plate
  • a liquid film layer with a controllable size is formed on the transfer surface of the bump 021 on the roller 02, and the area of the transfer surface of the bump 021 is much larger than the area of the concave hole or groove 011 on the anilox roller 01, that is, the area of the bump 021
  • the area of the transfer surface is much larger than the area of the recessed hole on the anilox roller 01 or the area of the liquid film layer formed in the groove 011 .
  • the inventors of the present application realized that this should be an important reason why it is difficult to form a thick coating film due to this preparation scheme, and the specific reference is as follows.
  • Figures 2-3 are schematic diagrams of preparing thinner and thicker coating layers during the research and development process, respectively.
  • the bump 021 when used for paint bead coating, only a small amount of paint can be obtained through the bump 021, and the area of the paint droplet is consistent with the size of the transfer surface of the bump 021, so only The thickness of the coating layer 05 is less than 10 ⁇ m; as shown in Figure 3, since the liquid film layer is transferred from the relief roll 02 to the diaphragm 04 by pressing, the liquid film layer will be flattened during the transfer process, especially When the thickness of the liquid film layer is greater than 5 ⁇ m, a coating layer 05 with a depression in the middle is formed on the diaphragm 04 as shown in FIG. 3 , and the thickness is extremely difficult to control or even cannot form a coating layer.
  • the area of the convex points on the relief roll is much larger than the area of the concave holes or grooves on the anilox roll , the bumps can only get the paint on the anilox roller by contacting with the anilox roller, and the bumps cannot pick up the larger paint droplets, so they can only form a thinner liquid film layer during spot coating;
  • the gravure roll anilox roll
  • it is transferred from the relief roll to the diaphragm by embossing to form a paint point (or called "coating"). point" is still difficult to ensure a certain thickness.
  • the inventor of the present application has proposed a kind of technical scheme that can solve the above-mentioned problem, by changing the shape of the raised point on the relief roll, it can be inserted into the groove of the gravure roll (anilox roll) to obtain more glue. material, and the coating material on the bump is dripped on the coating film, and mainly relies on the tension difference formed by the coating material on different materials to form a composition on the coating film. Coating point of coating film.
  • the prior art can only adjust the thickness of dispensing by changing gravure rollers of different versions, the cost is high, the operation is cumbersome, and time is wasted", the inventor of the present application further It is proposed to insert the convex point on the relief roller into the groove of the gravure roller (anilox roller), and adjust the distance between the relief roller and the coating film, so as to achieve the effect of dripping coating on the coating material. Adjustment and control of the thickness and shape of the glue dots formed on the coating film.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by taking the dispensing coating of lithium battery diaphragm as an example.
  • the dispensing coating device and dispensing coating method of the present invention are not only applicable to the preparation of lithium battery diaphragms , It can also be applied to the preparation of related film layers in other industries (such as the field of breathable film and non-woven fabric manufacturing in the hygienic packaging industry and the manufacturing field of protective films in the electronics industry).
  • the dispensing coating device includes an anilox roller 1 (sizing material containing device), a relief roller 2, a feed controller (not shown in the figure) and a flat bottom roller 3 , the relief roll 2 is positioned between the anilox roll 1 and the plane bottom roll 3, the plane bottom roll 3 is positioned at the lower side of the relief roll 2, and a hole for the coating film 4 to pass is arranged between the plane bottom roll 3 and the relief roll 2 Transmembrane space 31 .
  • the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 is provided with a material-accommodating groove 11 for accommodating the rubber material for coating.
  • the material holding grooves 11 are circular grooves, and are evenly distributed on the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 .
  • the excess coating material on the roll surface of the anilox roll 1 can be squeezed or scraped. Removed, a liquid film layer with uniform thickness is formed in the mesh (not shown in the figure).
  • the relief roll 2 is provided with a transfer bump 21 on the roll surface, and at the position where the relief roll 2 contacts with the anilox roll 1, the transfer bump 21 is inserted into the material-containing groove 11 at the corresponding position on the anilox roll 1 . In this way, when the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 is coated with the rubber material for coating, the relief roller 2 utilizes the transfer bump 21 to be inserted into the container groove 11 when the anilox roller rotates in the opposite direction to remove the container material.
  • the coating glue in the groove 11 is brought out and forms a spherical or ellipsoid coating glue droplet 09 at the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 .
  • the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer convex point 21 and the groove of the container groove 11 The value range of the distance L between the bottoms is 20-250 ⁇ m.
  • the depth that the transfer bump 21 is inserted into the material-holding groove 11 can be adjusted, that is, transfer The value of the spacing L between the transfer end surface 211 of the bump 21 and the groove bottom of the material groove 11 is used to adjust the height of the coating glue drop 09 formed on the transfer bump 21, the coating glue drop 09
  • the height refers to the vertical distance from the farthest to the transfer end face 211 of the transfer end face 211 of the transfer bump 21 from the transfer end face 211 of the transfer bump 21 along the central axis direction of the coating glue drop 09, so that the coating size drop 09 can
  • the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating can be adjusted according to the height, so that it is convenient for the coating operator to control the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating.
  • Figure 5 is a dispensing coating control device included in the dispensing coating device, which mainly includes: a first fine-tuning platform 7, a first feed controller 8, a second fine-tuning platform 5, and a second feed controller 6 , a wear detection device (not shown in the figure) and first and second drive control devices (not shown in the figure), the second drive control device is suitable for controlling the counter rotation of the gravure roll 1 and the relief roll 2, so that the transfer The bumps 21 are sequentially inserted into the material-holding groove 11, and the coating glue in the material-holding groove 11 is brought out to form a coating glue drop 09 coated on the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump;
  • the second feed amount controller 6 is suitable for detecting the feed amount of the transfer bump 21 inserted into the material groove 11 suitable for holding the coating material, and controls the second fine-tuning platform 5 to adjust the feed according to the coating requirements amount
  • the second display and storage device (not shown in the figure) displays and stores the numerical value of the adjusted feed amount, and the form of the coating glue
  • the relief roller 2 that the dispensing coating device comprises is arranged on the first fine-tuning platform 7; the wear detection device detects the wear value of the transfer bump 21, and sends the wear value to the first feed controller 8, and the first feed
  • the amount controller 8 is suitable for detecting the distance between the transfer convex point 21 on the relief roller 2 and the flat bottom roller 3, and controls the movement of the first fine-tuning platform 7 to adjust the transfer convex point 21 on the relief roller 2 according to the coating requirements and the degree of wear
  • the first display and storage device (not shown) displays and stores the value of the adjusted spacing
  • the first drive control device is suitable for controlling the driving flat bottom roller 3 to reverse the relief roller 2 Rotate to drive the coating film 4 to move, so that the coating glue droplet 09 coated on the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 is dripped on the coating film 4 by the effect of tension difference, so as to form on the coating film 4.
  • Coating point 9; the shape of the coating point 9 corresponds to the distance between the adjusted transfer bump 21 and
  • the transfer bump 21 inserted into the material groove 11 suitable for holding the coating glue
  • the diameter and height of the droplet 09 correspond to the adjusted feed rate, and the material holding groove 11 is arranged on the gravure roller 1 included in the dispensing coating device;
  • detect the wear value of the transfer bump 21 detect and adjust the distance between the transfer bump 21 on the relief roller 2 included in the dispensing coating device and the flat bottom roller 3 according to the coating requirements and wear value, display and store The value B of the adjusted spacing; make the coating glue droplet 09 coated on the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 drop on the coating film 4 by the effect of tension difference, so as to form a height of 1 ⁇ m on the coating film 4.
  • the transfer bump 21 can be a conical structure with a concave busbar, a conical platform structure with a convex busbar, a conical platform structure or a stepped platform structure.
  • the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 is a circular surface, and the diameter d2 of the transfer end surface 211 ranges from 20 ⁇ m to 1 mm. In this way, when using the lithium battery diaphragm dispensing coating device of the present invention to coat and form a non-full-coverage coating layer on the coating film, it is possible to avoid affecting the coating because the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 is too small or too large.
  • the transfer of the sizing material for cloth facilitates the transfer of the sizing material for coating on the anilox roller 1 .
  • the transfer bump 21 has a stepped structure, the transfer bump 21 includes a connection base 2101 and a transfer boss 2102 , and the cross-sectional area of the transfer boss 2102 is smaller than that of the connection base 2101 .
  • the cross-sectional area of the transfer bump 21 at the transfer end face 211 is relatively small, and the cross-sectional area of the transfer end face 211 of the transfer end face 211 is the smallest compared with other positions on the transfer bump 21, so as to be in contact with the anilox roller 1 is inserted into the container groove 11 to transfer the coating compound on the anilox roller 1 when in contact.
  • the transfer boss 2102 is a cylindrical structure
  • the height h1 of the cylindrical structure is ⁇ 200 ⁇ m
  • the ratio of the height h1 of the cylindrical structure to the diameter d2 is N ⁇ 2.5
  • the connecting base 2101 is a conical frustum structure.
  • the ratio of the height h1 to the diameter d2 of the transfer boss 2102 in a cylindrical structure is N ⁇ 2.5, which can prevent the transfer effect of the transfer bump 21 from being too slender during the process of transferring the rubber material, and then affect the later stage.
  • the connection base 2101 is set in a conical truncated structure, which can not only effectively support the transfer boss 2102, but also facilitate manufacturing.
  • the feed rate controller is used to detect and control the distance between the relief roller 2 and the anilox roller 1, and then adjust and control the insertion of the transfer bump 21 on the relief roller 2 into the material groove 11 on the anilox roller 1.
  • Feed rate Preferably, a grating ruler can be used as the feed controller.
  • the grating ruler is selected as the feed controller, the installation and operation are simple and convenient, and the detection and control accuracy is high, which is convenient for the coating operator to control the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating.
  • the ratio Q of the inner diameter d1 of the material receiving groove 11 on the anilox roll 1 to the end surface diameter d2 of the transfer end of the transfer bump 21 on the relief roll 2 is ⁇ 150%.
  • the end area of the transfer end of the transfer bump 21 is much smaller than the cross-sectional area of the material groove 11, so that the transfer end of the transfer bump 21 is inserted into the inside of the material groove 11 of the anilox roller 1, thereby utilizing the coating
  • the tension of the cloth glue makes the coating glue adhere to the transfer end of the transfer bump and form a spherical or ellipsoid coating glue drop 09, and the coating glue drop 09 will not squeeze the coating during the transfer process. Instead, it is mainly dripped onto the coating film through the tension difference of the coating material drop 09 on different materials, and then can be adjusted by adjusting the tension of the coating material and the size of the coating material drop 09. It is simple and convenient to realize the adjustment of the thickness of the coating layer formed by coating.
  • the rubber compound on the roll surface of the anilox roll 1 can be squeezed or scraped off the excess liquid film by a roller or a scraper to form a uniform liquid film layer in the mesh.
  • the roller The cylinder is close to the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 and is in contact with the rubber material for coating on the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 to squeeze and remove excess rubber material for coating.
  • a liquid film layer with uniform thickness is formed in the hole; when a scraper is used, the scraper is close to the roller surface of the anilox roller 1, and during the rotation of the anilox roller 1, the scraper scrapes the rubber material for coating on the roller surface of the anilox roller 1 Scraping and removing excess coating material forms a liquid film layer with a uniform thickness in the mesh of the anilox roller 1 .
  • the anilox roller can also be changed to a smooth roller or a textured roller with greater surface adhesion, and the distance between the roller or scraper and the surface of the smooth roller or textured roller with greater surface adhesion can be adjusted as needed To adjust the thickness of the liquid film layer formed by coating, the operation is simple and convenient.
  • the feed rate controller uses the feed rate controller to adjust the feed rate at which the transfer bump 21 on the relief roll 2 is inserted into the material storage groove 11 on the anilox roll 1, that is, adjust the transfer end surface of the transfer bump 21 211 and the value of the distance L between the groove bottom of the material groove 11, and use a driving device such as a drive motor to drive the anilox roller 1 and the relief roller 2 to rotate in reverse, so that the transfer bumps 21 on the relief roller 2 are sequentially inserted into the material-holding groove 11 on the anilox roller 1 and take out the coating material in the material-containing groove 11 to form a coating material droplet 09 coated on the transfer end surface 211 of the transfer bump 21 ;
  • the above-mentioned dispensing coating device When the above-mentioned dispensing coating device is used to coat the coating film to form a coating layer, it is preferable to use a rubber material for coating with a viscosity in the range of 300 Pa ⁇ s-15000 Pa ⁇ s at room temperature. In this way, when transferring the coating material, it is possible to form coating beads with a height ranging from 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m and a diameter ranging from 50 ⁇ m to 1000 ⁇ m on the transfer bumps, so as to meet the requirements of coating to form thicker coatings. layer needs.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the coating layer prepared when the dispensing coating device according to the embodiment of the present invention is used and the transfer bump is a conical truncated structure with concave busbars. It can be seen from Figure 9 that the transfer bumps hardly touch the diaphragm (coating film), but mainly use the tension difference to realize the transfer of the second coating size drop 09, forming the first coating size drop 9 on the diaphragm , and the shape of the formed first coating glue droplet 9 is approximately spherical or ellipsoidal.
  • Table 1 is the comparison of the parameters of the diaphragm produced by the existing process and the diaphragm produced by this method.
  • the island-shaped spray film is produced by the fourth generation of rotary spraying, and the roller coating shrink film is produced by the third generation of full coating shrinkage.
  • the meanings represented by each parameter 1. The smaller the surface density, the less material is used; 2. The higher the puncture strength, the better the strength and the safer the battery; 3. The larger the conductivity value, the faster the charging and discharging speed; 4. The smaller the surface resistance value, the smoother the penetration of lithium ions; 5.
  • Air permeability value the time required for a unit volume of gas to pass through the diaphragm of the point area, and the shorter the time, the smoother it is.
  • Table 2 is a comparison of the two dispensing techniques.

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Abstract

一种锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，包括涂料转移装置、第二进给量控制器(6)和平面底辊(3)，其中涂料转移装置包括胶料容纳装置和凸版辊(2)，胶料容纳装置上设置有容纳胶料的容料凹槽(11)，凸版辊的辊面上设置有转移凸点(21)；凸版辊位于胶料容纳装置和平面底辊之间，转移凸点在凸版辊和胶料容纳装置接触处***容料凹槽内；第二进给量控制器用于检测及调整控制转移凸点***到容料凹槽中的进给量；平面底辊位于凸版辊的下侧，平面底辊与凸版辊之间设置有供涂布膜(4)穿过的穿膜间隙(31)。使用装置涂布形成的涂布层的厚度较大，胶点的厚度与覆盖率控制简单方便。

Description

锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置 技术领域
本发明涉及锂电池隔膜制备技术领域，尤其涉及一种锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置。
背景技术
在电池行业中的隔膜及极片制造领域，卫生包装行业中的透气膜及无纺布制造领域和电子行业中的保护膜的制造领域，均需要利用涂布技术涂布形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层。
以电池行业中的隔膜制备为例，由于如今锂电池不仅需要隔膜与电极之间的良好热稳定性与粘接力，而且需要快速充电性能，而通过非全覆盖式涂覆胶层的方式，无聚合物胶点孔洞区域能够实现锂离子的有效传输，提高隔膜的锂离子传导能力，从而提高了锂电池的充放电性能，延长锂电池的循环寿命。
现有技术中锂电池隔膜制备通常所采用的非全覆盖式涂覆胶层的技术中，一般包含PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯，一种高度非反应性热塑性含氟聚合物)团聚收缩涂布膜与PVDF“岛状”喷涂膜两种：前者形成的隔膜表面利用PVDF疏水性，通过浆料张力调整把PVDF制成团聚体，浆料接触膜面后迅速收缩，不让其形成连续，由于其通过浆料调整，稳定性很差；后者将PVDF通过高速旋转甩向隔膜，在隔膜表面形成岛状结构从而铆接极片，但是形状不规则。因此，现有的锂电池隔膜制备中的非全覆盖式涂覆胶层技术均存在各种问题。
如上所述，现有的锂电池隔膜制备所采用的非全覆盖式涂覆胶 层，无法精准控制每个胶点的大小、胶点的距离以及团聚的状态，因此形成的离散形的胶膜层，无论对生产质量的控制以及后续绕卷的质量，都存在影响。由此，本申请发明人研究出一种非全覆盖式涂覆隔膜的制备方案(并不能认为其完全属于现有技术)，能够形成平整、大小一致的局部涂布结构，从而实现PVDF均匀“点状”涂布膜。
如图1所示，先在网纹辊01的辊面上的凹陷孔洞或沟槽011内布满涂布用胶料，并形成厚度均匀的液膜层；然后，利用凸版辊02上的凸点021在与网纹辊01接触的过程中将液膜层转移到凸点021的转移面上，且在转移过程中，凸点021的转移面与网纹辊01的辊面相切接触；最后，利用平面底辊03挤压凸版辊02上的凸点021的转移面，从将凸点021的转移面上的液膜层转移到从平面底辊03和凸版辊02之间穿过并沿方向j移动的隔膜04上，从而在隔膜04朝向凸版辊02的一侧形成均匀“点状”的涂布层。
本申请发明人发现，采用上述均匀“点状”涂覆隔膜的制备方案，虽然能够在隔膜上形成平整、大小一致的局部涂布结构，然而却只能形成厚度较薄(例如涂布膜的厚度在5μm以下)的液膜层，无法实现涂布膜的厚度较厚(例如涂布膜的厚度在10μm以上)的要求；另外，不同类型的隔膜要求不同液膜厚度，现有方案一般也只能通过更换不同版本的凹版辊来调整点涂的厚度，但采用该方式的成本高，操作繁琐，浪费时间。
发明内容
为满足在电池行业、卫生包装行业及电子行业中的涂布膜上制备厚度较厚的涂布层的生产需要，本发明提出一种锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，该锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置包括涂料转移装置、进给量控制器和平面底辊，所述涂料转移装置包含胶料容纳装置和凸版辊，所述胶料容纳装置上设置有存储容纳胶料的容料凹槽，所述凸版辊的辊面上设置有转移凸点，所述转移凸点适于***所述胶料容纳装置上对应位置处的容料凹槽中转移隔膜涂料；所述隔膜涂料形成包覆在所述转移凸点的转移端面上的涂布胶料滴，平面底辊相对所述胶料容纳装置作反向转动，带动涂布膜移动，使所述转移凸点上的所述涂布胶料滴滴覆在所述涂布膜上并在所述涂布膜上形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层，优选地，所述胶料容纳装置为网纹辊、毛化辊或者光棍。
进一步地，使用该锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置将涂布用胶料涂布在涂布膜上形成涂布层时，先利用网纹辊将料斗中的涂覆用胶料转移到网纹辊上的容料凹槽中，并在网纹辊的辊面上的容料凹槽中形成厚度均匀的液膜层；再通过转动凸版辊和网纹辊，使凸版辊上的转移凸点***到网纹辊上的容料凹槽中并随凸版辊和网纹辊的转动离开容料凹槽，同时利用涂布用胶料本身的张力将涂布用胶料从容料凹槽中带出，并在转移凸点的转移端上形成近似球形或椭球形的涂布胶料滴；最后，当带有涂布胶料滴的转移凸点转置正面朝向从穿膜间隙中穿过的涂布膜时，涂布胶料滴主要是在张力差的作用下转移滴覆在涂布膜上，从而在涂布膜上形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层； 需要强调的是，涂布胶料滴主要是利用凸版辊和涂布膜的张力差进行转移滴覆，张力差值越大滴覆转移效果越好，本领域技术人员也知晓，涂布胶料滴的自身重力和随着凸版辊的转动所形成的离心力对于其转移滴覆至涂布膜上也起到一定的作用。
进一步地，本装置还包括进给量控制器和平面底辊，所述进给量控制器用于检测及调整控制所述凸版辊上的所述转移凸点***到容料凹槽中的进给量；所述平面底辊位于所述凸版辊的下侧，且所述平面底辊与所述凸版辊之间设置有供涂布膜穿过的穿膜间隙。使用该点胶涂布装置将涂布用胶料涂布在涂布膜上形成涂布层时，先利用网纹辊将料斗中的涂覆用胶料转移到网纹辊上的容料凹槽中，并在网纹辊的辊面上的容料凹槽中形成厚度均匀的液膜层；再通过转动凸版辊和网纹辊，使凸版辊上的转移凸点***到网纹辊上的容料凹槽中并随凸版辊和网纹辊的转动离开容料凹槽，同时利用涂布用胶料本身的张力将涂布用胶料从容料凹槽中带出，并在转移凸点的转移端上形成近似球形或椭球形的涂布胶料滴；最后，当带有涂布胶料滴的转移凸点转置正面朝向从穿膜间隙中穿过的涂布膜时，涂布胶料滴主要在张力差作用下滴覆在涂布膜上，从而在涂布膜上形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层。另外，在制备过程中，通过进给量控制器调整控制凸版辊上的转移凸点***到网纹辊上的容料凹槽内的进给量来调整控制制备得到的涂布层的厚度。经实验可知，采用本发明锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上涂布形成的涂布层的厚度范围为2μm-30μm，相较于现有技术涂布形成的厚度小于5μm的 涂布层，涂布形成的涂布层的厚度较大，且厚度控制简单方便。
进一步地，锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置还可以设置涂抹装置，所述涂抹装置与所述胶料容纳装置相抵触，使得涂料在所述胶料容纳装置表面形成厚度均匀的液膜层，优选地，所述涂抹装置包括辊筒或者刮刀，当采用辊筒时，辊筒靠近网纹辊的辊面并与网纹辊辊面上的涂布用胶料接触挤压去除多余涂布用胶料在网纹辊转动的过程中在网纹辊的网孔内形成厚度均匀的液膜层；当采用刮刀时，刮刀靠近网纹辊的辊面，在网纹辊转动的过程中，刮刀对网纹辊辊面上的涂料进行刮擦去除多余涂布用胶料在网纹辊的网孔内形成厚度均匀的液膜层。
优选地，所述容料凹槽的内径d1与所述转移凸点的转移端面的直径d2的比值Q≥1.5。这样，转移凸点的转移端面面积远小于容料凹槽的横截面积，以便于将转移凸点的转移端面***到网纹辊的容料凹槽内部，从而利用涂布胶料的张力使涂布胶料附着在转移凸点的转移端面上并形成球形或椭球形的涂布胶料滴，且该涂布胶料滴在转移过程中不会挤压涂布膜，而是主要通过涂布胶料滴在不同材料构成的凸版辊和涂布膜所形成的张力差作用滴覆到涂布膜上。进一步地，所述转移凸点的转移端面为圆形面，该转移端面的直径d2的取值范围为20μm-1mm，且该转移凸点***到所述容料凹槽中时，所述转移端面与所述容料凹槽的槽底之间的间距L的取值范围为20μm-250μm。这样，使用本发明锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上涂布形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层时，可避免因转移凸点的转移端 面过小或过大而影响涂布用胶料的转移，同时可通过调整转移凸点***到容料凹槽中的深度即转移端面与容料凹槽的槽底之间的间距L的取值来调整转移凸点上形成的涂布胶料滴的高度，进而可根据涂布胶料滴的高度来调整涂布形成的涂布层的厚度。由此可见，采用本发明点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层时，既方便转移网纹辊上的涂布用胶料，又方便涂布操作人员控制涂布形成的涂布层的厚度。
优选地，所述转移凸点为母线内凹的锥形台结构、母线外凸的锥形台结构、锥形台结构或阶梯台结构，且所述阶梯台结构包括连接底座和转移凸台，所述转移凸台的横截面积小于所述连接底座的横截面积。进一步地，所述转移凸台为圆柱形结构，所述连接底座为锥形台状结构，所述圆柱形结构的高度h1≤200μm且所述圆柱形结构的高度h1与所述转移端面的直径d2的比值N≤2.5。这样，可避免转移凸点在转移胶料的过程中因转移凸台过于细长而影响转移效果，进而影响后期的涂布效果。
优选地，所述进给量控制器可选用光栅尺或者其他高精度测量手段。这样，选用光栅尺作为进给量控制器，安装及操作简单方便，且检测控制精度高，方便涂布操作人员控制涂布形成的涂布层的厚度。
本发明具有下列优点：
采用本发明点在涂布膜上涂布形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层时，由于涂布用胶料在网纹辊上的容料凹槽内形成的液膜层厚度均匀， 故涂布形成的涂布层的厚度稳定且均匀；在转移涂布用胶料时，使凸版辊上的转移凸点***到网纹辊上的容料凹槽中，利用涂布用胶料的张力作用将涂布用胶料带出容料凹槽并在转移凸点的转移端上形成涂布胶料滴，方便涂布用胶料的转移；同时根据涂布要求利用进给量控制器调整转移凸点***到容料凹槽内的进给量，方便控制形成的涂布胶料滴的高度，进而方便控制涂布形成的涂布层的厚度；在涂布膜移动的过程中，使转移凸点上的涂布胶料滴滴覆在涂布膜上，并主要通过涂布用胶料在由不同材料构成的凸版辊与涂布膜上的张力差的作用下，在涂布膜上形成构成涂布膜的涂布点，从而既可避免涂布胶料滴在涂布过程中受压而导致涂布层厚度变小，保证涂布层的厚度，又可以利用位于转移凸点侧面上的涂布用胶料使涂布点的面积适当增大，增大涂布层在涂布膜上的覆盖率；且在锂电隔膜制备领域，目前没有发现将此种涂布方法运用到生产锂电隔膜中。
附图说明
图1为现有技术中制备非全面覆盖式的涂布层方法采用的制备装置的示意图；
图2为制备厚度较薄的非全面覆盖式的涂布层的示意图；
图3为制备厚度较厚的非全面覆盖式的涂布层的示意图；
图4为本发明锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置的结构示意图；
图5为包含点胶控制装置的点胶涂布装置点涂时的示意图；
图6为图4所示的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置中的转移凸点的结 构示意图，其中，图6(a)为母线内凹的锥形台结构的转移凸点的结构示意图；图6(b)为阶梯台结构的转移凸点的结构示意图；图6(c)母线外凸的锥形台结构的转移凸点的结构示意图；图6(d)为锥形台结构转移凸点的结构示意图；
图7为图6所示的转移凸点的主视示意图，其中，图7(a)为母线内凹的锥形台结构的转移凸点的主视示意图；图7(b)为阶梯台结构的转移凸点的主视示意图；图7(c)为母线外凸的锥形台结构的转移凸点的主视示意图；图7(d)为锥形台结构的转移凸点的主视示意图；
图8为图6示的转移凸点带有涂布胶料滴时的主视示意图，其中，图8(a)为母线内凹的锥形台结构的转移凸点带有涂布胶料滴的主视示意图；图8(b)为阶梯台结构的转移凸点带有涂布胶料滴时的主视示意图；图8(c)为母线外凸的锥形台结构的转移凸点带有涂布胶料滴时的主视示意图；图8(d)为锥形台结构的转移凸点带有涂布胶料滴时的主视示意图；
图9为采用本发明点胶涂布装置且转移凸点为母线内凹的锥形台结构时制备到的涂布层的示意图。
图中各编号：01-网纹辊、011-沟槽、02-凸版辊、021-凸点、03-平面底辊、04-隔膜、05-涂布层；
1-网纹辊、11-容料凹槽、2-凸版辊、3-平面底辊、31-穿膜间隙、4-涂布膜、5-第二微调平台、6-第二进给量控制器、7-第一微调平台、8-第一进给量控制器、09-涂布胶料滴、9-涂布点；
21-转移凸点、211-转移端面、2101-连接底座、2102-转移凸台。
具体实施方式
如背景技术所述，本申请发明人最初研究出的非全覆盖式涂覆隔膜的制备方案中，虽然能够在隔膜上形成平整、大小一致的局部涂布结构，然而却只能形成厚度较薄(例如涂布膜的厚度在5μm以下)的液膜层，无法满足厚度较厚的涂布膜的(例如涂布膜的厚度在10μm以上)制备要求。
为此，本申请发明人经过反复实验且深入研究后发现，最初研究出的非全覆盖式涂覆隔膜的制备方案主要是借鉴了印刷技术中的技术构思，为了能保证在转移过程中心在凸版辊02上的凸点021的转移面上形成大小可控的液膜层，凸点021的转移面的面积远大于网纹辊01上的凹陷孔洞或沟槽011的面积，即凸点021的转移面的面积远大于网纹辊01上的凹陷孔洞或沟槽011内形成的液膜层的面积。然而，本申请发明人意识到这应该是该制备方案导致难以形成厚度较厚的涂布膜的重要原因，具体参考如下所述。
图2-3分别是研发过程中制备厚度较薄和较厚的涂布层的示意图。如图2所示，采用凸点021进行涂料胶滴涂布时，只能通过凸点021获取少量涂料，涂料胶滴的面积与凸点021的转移面大小一致，因此隔膜04上只能形成的厚度小于10μm涂布层05；如图3所示，由于液膜层是通过压制方式从凸版辊02上转移至隔膜04上的，故液膜层在转移过程中会被压扁，尤其是当液膜层的厚度较大比如超过5μm时，隔膜04上形成如图3所示的中部有凹陷的涂布 层05，厚度极难控制甚至无法形成涂布层。
需要说明的是，上述点胶涂布方案并不是现有技术，只是本申请发明人研发过程中的某一具体实施方式，因此本领域技术人员是不太可能意识到上述技术问题的存在，即上述技术问题的发现对于本领域技术人员来说具有非显而易见性。
如前分析，最初研究出的非全覆盖式涂覆隔膜的制备方案中，在涂布过程中，一方面由于凸版辊上的凸点面积远大于网纹辊上的凹陷孔洞或沟槽的面积，凸点只能通过与网纹辊相接触才能获取网纹辊上的涂料，凸点无法挑取体积较大的涂料胶滴，从而在点涂时只能形成厚度较薄的液膜层；另一方面，即便是通过更换凹版辊(网纹辊)的方式调节以获取更大的涂料量，然而通过压印的方式从凸版辊上转移至隔膜上形成涂料点(或称为“涂布点”)仍然难以确保一定厚度。
为此，本申请发明人提出了能一种解决上述问题的技术方案，通过改变凸版辊上凸点的形态，使其能够***到凹版辊(网纹辊)的沟槽内获取更多的胶料，并且使所述凸点上的涂布胶料通过滴覆的方式在涂布膜上，并主要依靠涂布胶料在不同材料上形成的张力差的作用下在涂布膜上形成构成涂布膜的涂布点。
此外，针对“不同类型的隔膜要求不同液膜厚度，现有技术只能通过更换不同版本的凹版辊来调整点涂的厚度成本高，操作繁琐，浪费时间”的问题，本申请发明人还进一步提出了通过调整凸版辊上凸点***到凹版辊(网纹辊)的沟槽内进给量，以及调整凸版辊 与涂布膜之间的距离，从而能够实现对于涂布胶料滴滴覆在所述涂布膜上所形成的胶料点的厚度以及形态的调整控制。
本发明实施例以制备锂电池隔膜的点胶涂布为例予以说明，本领域技术人员能够理解的是，本发明的点胶涂布装置以及点胶涂布方法不仅适用于锂电池隔膜的制备，也同样能适用其他行业(例如卫生包装行业中的透气膜及无纺布制造领域和电子行业中的保护膜的制造领域)中相关膜层的制备。
如图4所示，本发明实施例提供的点胶涂布装置包括网纹辊1(胶料容纳装置)、凸版辊2、进给量控制器(图中未示出)和平面底辊3，凸版辊2位于网纹辊1和平面底辊3之间，平面底辊3位于凸版辊2的下侧，且平面底辊3和凸版辊2之间设置有供涂布膜4穿过的穿膜间隙31。其中，网纹辊1的辊面上设置有容纳涂布用胶料的容料凹槽11。容料凹槽11为圆形凹槽，并在网纹辊1的辊面上均匀分布。在将涂布用胶料涂覆到网纹辊1的辊面上时，可通过挤压或刮擦方式将网纹辊1的辊面上多余的涂布用胶料通过挤压或刮擦去除，在网孔内形成厚度均匀的液膜层(图中未示出)。凸版辊2的辊面上设置有转移凸点21，且在凸版辊2和网纹辊1接触的位置处，转移凸点21***到网纹辊1上对应位置处的容料凹槽11内。这样，在网纹辊1的辊面上涂覆有涂布用胶料时，凸版辊2在与网纹辊相对反向转动时利用转移凸点21***到容料凹槽11中将容料凹槽11内的涂布用胶料带出并在转移凸点21的转移端面211处形成球形或椭球形的涂布胶料滴09。优选地，凸版辊2上的转移凸点 21***到网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11内转移涂布用胶料时，转移凸点21的转移端面211与容料凹槽11的槽底之间的间距L的取值范围为20-250μm。这样，使用本发明锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上涂布形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层时，可通过调整转移凸点21***到容料凹槽11中的深度即转移凸点21的转移端面211与容料凹槽11的槽底之间的间距L的取值来调整转移凸点21上形成的涂布胶料滴09的高度，该涂布胶料滴09的高度指的是涂布胶料滴09在沿转移凸点21的中心轴线方向上距离转移凸点21的转移端面211最远处到转移端面211的垂直距离，从而可根据涂布胶料滴09的高度来调整涂布形成的涂布层的厚度，进而方便涂布操作人员控制涂布形成的涂布层的厚度。
图5为点胶涂布装置所包含的点胶涂布控制装置，主要包括：第一微调平台7、第一进给量控制器8、第二微调平台5、第二进给量控制器6、磨损检测装置(图中未示出)以及第一和第二驱动控制装置(图中未示出)，第二驱动控制装置适于控制驱动凹版辊1与凸版辊2反向转动，使转移凸点21依次***到容料凹槽11内，并将容料凹槽11内的涂布用胶料带出形成包覆在转移凸点的转移端面211上的涂布胶料滴09；第二进给量控制器6适于检测转移凸点21***到适于容纳涂布用胶料的容料凹槽11内的进给量，并根据涂布要求控制第二微调平台5调整进给量，第二显示与存储装置(图中未示出)显示并存储所调整进给量的数值，涂布胶料滴09的形态与调整后的进给量相对应；容料凹槽11设置于点胶涂布装置所包含的 凹版辊1上，凹版辊1设置于第二微调平台5，上述进给量控制器包括位移传感器和光栅尺。点胶涂布装置所包含的凸版辊2设置于第一微调平台7；磨损检测装置检测转移凸点21的磨损值，并将磨损值发送至第一进给量控制器8，第一进给量控制器8适于检测凸版辊2上的转移凸点21与平面底辊3的间距，并根据涂布要求和磨损程度控制第一微调平台7移动以调整凸版辊2上的转移凸点21与平面底辊3的间距，第一显示与存储装置(图中未示出)显示并存储所调整间距的数值；第一驱动控制装置适于控制驱动平面底辊3相对凸版辊2作反向转动，带动涂布膜4移动，使转移凸点21的转移端面211上包覆的涂布胶料滴09通过张力差的作用滴覆在涂布膜4上，以在涂布膜4上形成涂布点9；涂布点9的形态与调整后的转移凸点21与平面底辊3的间距相对应，涂布点9的形态包括直径和高度中的至少一种。
需要指出的是，由于凸版辊的凸点长期使用，凸点的直径有会变大，影响隔膜点涂后的效果，磨损达到一定程度如果需要更换凸版辊，成本也增加。本实施例中，通过对转移凸点的磨损程度检测，并根据涂布要求和磨损程度控制第一微调平台移动以调整凸版辊上的转移凸点与平面底辊的间距，从而达到使转移到涂布膜上形成的涂布点的形态仍保持预期效果，避免现有技术因凸版辊上转移凸点磨损产生偏差而需要更换所导致成本增加的问题。
使用上述点胶涂布控制装置在涂布膜上涂布形成涂布层的具体过程为：
首先，驱动凹版辊1与凸版辊2反向转动，使转移凸点21依次***到容料凹槽11内，将容料凹槽11内的涂布用胶料带出且由于涂胶粘度和张力差的不同形成包覆在转移凸点21的转移端面211上的涂布胶料滴09；
其次，根据涂布要求检测并调整转移凸点21***到适于容纳涂布用胶料的容料凹槽11内的进给量，显示并存储所调整进给量的数值A，涂布胶料滴09的直径和高度与调整后的进给量相对应，容料凹槽11设置于点胶涂布装置所包含的凹版辊1上；
最后，检测所述转移凸点21的磨损值,根据涂布要求及磨损值检测并调整点胶涂布装置所包含凸版辊2上的转移凸点21与平面底辊3的间距，显示并存储所调整间距的数值B；使转移凸点21的转移端面211上包覆的涂布胶料滴09通过张力差的作用滴覆在涂布膜4上，以在涂布膜4上形成高度1μm-50μm及直径50μm-1000μm的第一涂布胶料滴；涂布点9的直径和高度与调整后的转移凸点21与平面底辊3的间距相对应。
如图6、7和8所示，转移凸点21可为母线内凹的锥形台结构、母线外凸的锥形台结构、锥形台结构或阶梯台结构。优选地，转移凸点21的转移端面211为圆形面，且该转移端面211的直径d2的取值范围为20μm-1mm。这样，使用本发明锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上涂布形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层时，可避免因转移凸点21的转移端面211过小或过大而影响涂布用胶料的转移，方便网纹辊1上的涂布用胶料的转移。当转移凸点21为阶梯台结构时，该 转移凸点21包括连接底座2101和转移凸台2102，且转移凸台2102的横截面积小于连接底座2101的横截面积。这样，转移凸点21在转移端面211处的横截面积较小，且转移端面211的转移端面211相较于转移凸点21上的其他部位的横截面面积最小，以便于在与网纹辊1接触时***到容料凹槽11中转移网纹辊1上的涂布胶料。优选地，转移凸台2102为圆柱形结构，圆柱形结构的高度h1≤200μm，且圆柱形结构的高度h1与直径d2的比值N≤2.5，连接底座2101为锥形台状结构，这样，设置成圆柱形结构的转移凸台2102的高度h1与直径d2的比值N≤2.5，可避免转移凸点21在转移胶料的过程中因转移凸台2102过于细长而影响转移效果，进而影响后期的涂布效果；另外，连接底座2101设置成锥形台状结构，既可以有效支撑转移凸台2102，又方便制造。进给量控制器用于检测及调制控制凸版辊2与网纹辊1之间的间距，进而调整控制凸版辊2上的转移凸点21***到网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11内的进给量。优选地，进给量控制器可选用光栅尺。这样，选用光栅尺作为进给量控制器，安装及操作简单方便，且检测控制精度高，方便涂布操作人员控制涂布形成的涂布层的厚度。优选地，网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11的内径d1与凸版辊2上的转移凸点21的转移端的端面直径d2的比值Q≥150％。这样，转移凸点21的转移端的端面积远小于容料凹槽11的横截面积，以便于将转移凸点21的转移端***到网纹辊1的容料凹槽11内部，从而利用涂布胶料的张力使涂布胶料附着在转移凸点的转移端上并形成球形或椭球形的涂布胶料滴09，且该涂布胶料滴 09在转移过程中不会挤压涂布膜，而是主要通过涂布胶料滴09在不同材料上的张力差作用滴覆到涂布膜上，继而可通过调整涂布用胶料的张力和涂布胶料滴09的大小来实现对涂布形成的涂布层的厚度的调整，简单方便。
另外，本发明实施例提供的使用点胶涂布方法在涂布膜上涂布形成涂布层时的具体过程：
首先，将涂布用胶料涂覆在网纹辊1的辊面上的容料凹槽11内，并在网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11内形成厚度均匀的液膜层。优选地，可通过辊筒或刮刀将网纹辊1的辊面上的涂布用胶料挤压或刮擦多余液膜，在网孔内形成均匀液膜层，当采用辊筒时，辊筒靠近网纹辊1的辊面并与网纹辊1辊面上的涂布用胶料接触挤压去除多余涂布用胶料在网纹辊1转动的过程中在网纹辊1的网孔内形成厚度均匀的液膜层；当采用刮刀时，刮刀靠近网纹辊1的辊面，在网纹辊1转动的过程中，刮刀对网纹辊1辊面上的涂布用胶料进行刮擦去除多余涂布用胶料在网纹辊1的网孔内形成厚度均匀的液膜层。同样，也可将网纹辊改成表面附着力较大的光辊或者毛化辊，根据需要通过调整辊筒或刮刀与表面附着力较大的光辊或者毛化辊辊面之间的间距来调整涂覆形成的液膜层的厚度，操作简单方便。
接着，根据涂布要求利用进给量控制器调整凸版辊2上的转移凸点21***到网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11内的进给量，即调整转移凸点21的转移端面211与容料凹槽11的槽底之间的间距L的值， 并利用驱动装置比如驱动电机驱动网纹辊1和凸版辊2反向转动，使凸版辊2上的转移凸点21依次***到网纹辊1上的容料凹槽11内并将容料凹槽11内的涂布用胶料带出，形成包覆在转移凸点21的转移端面211上的涂布胶料滴09；
最后，利用驱动装置驱动平面底辊3相对凸版辊2作反向转动，带动位于穿膜间隙31中的涂布膜4沿方向k移动，使凸版辊2上转移凸点21上的涂布胶料滴09滴覆在涂布膜4上并在涂布膜4上形成构成非全面覆盖式的涂布层的涂布点。图8所示，当凸版辊2上的转移凸点21为母线内凹的锥形台结构时，在涂布膜4上形成的半椭球形的涂布点9。
采用上述点胶涂布装置在涂布膜上涂布形成涂布层时，优选常温下粘度的取值范围为300Pa·s-15000Pa·s的涂布用胶料。这样，在转移涂布用胶料时，可在转移凸点上形成高度范围为1μm-50μm、直径范围为50μm-1000μm的涂布胶料滴，从而可满足涂布形成厚度较大的涂布层的需要。
图9为采用本发明实施例的点胶涂布装置且转移凸点为母线内凹的锥形台结构时制备的涂布层的示意图。从图9可以看出，转移凸点几乎不接触隔膜(涂布膜)，而是主要利用张力差实现第二涂布胶料滴09的转移，在隔膜上形成第一涂布胶料滴9，且形成的第一涂布胶料滴9的形态呈现为近似球形或椭球形液滴。
表1为采用现有工艺生产的隔膜与采用本方法生产的隔膜的各参数比对，其中岛状喷涂膜由***旋转喷涂生产制备，辊涂收缩 膜由第三代满涂收缩生产制备；其中各参数代表的含义：1.面密度越小说明用料越省；2.穿刺强度越高说明强度越好，电池越安全；3.导电率数值越大说明充放电的速度越快；4.面电阻数值越小说明锂离子穿透的越顺畅；5.透气值：单位体积的气体穿过点位面积的隔膜所需时间，时间越短说明越顺畅。
表2为两种点涂技术的对比。
表1
参数 均匀点涂膜(本实施例) 辊涂收缩膜 岛状喷涂膜
面密度(g/m2) 15.01 15.85 17.15
穿刺强度(N) 7.43 6.95 7.2
离子电导率(S/cm) 12.7*10-4 8.7*10-4 9.1*10-4
面电阻(Ω) 1.71 2.36 3.23
透气值(s) 235 333 286
表2
Figure PCTCN2022126345-appb-000001

Claims (13)

  1. 一种锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，包括涂料转移装置，所述涂料转移装置包含胶料容纳装置和凸版辊(2)，所述胶料容纳装置上设置有容纳胶料的容料凹槽(11)，所述凸版辊(2)的辊面上设置有转移凸点(21)，所述转移凸点(21)适于***所述胶料容纳装置上对应位置处的容料凹槽(11)中转移隔膜涂料，所述隔膜涂料形成包覆在所述转移凸点(21)的转移端面(211)上的涂布胶料滴，平面底辊(3)相对所述胶料容纳装置作反向转动，带动涂布膜(4)移动，使所述转移凸点上(21)的所述涂布胶料滴滴覆在所述涂布膜(4)上并在所述涂布膜(4)上形成非全面覆盖式的涂布层。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，还包括进给量控制器和平面底辊(3)，所述平面底辊(3)位于所述涂料转移装置的下侧，且所述平面底辊(3)与所述涂料转移装置之间设置有供涂布膜(4)穿过的穿膜间隙(31)，所述进给量控制器用于检测及调整控制凸版辊(2)上的转移凸点(21)***至胶料容纳装置中容料凹槽(11)中的进给量。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，还包括涂抹装置，所述涂抹装置与所述胶料容纳装置相抵触，使得涂料在所述胶料容纳装置表面形成厚度均匀的液膜层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述涂抹装置包括辊筒或者刮刀，其分别挤压或者刮擦胶料容纳装置。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述胶料容纳装置包括网纹辊(1)、毛化辊或者光辊。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述容料凹槽(11)的内径d1与所述转移凸点(21)的转移端面(211)的直径d2的比值Q≥1.5。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述转移凸点(21)的转移端面(211)为圆形面，该转移端面(211)的直径d2的取值范围为20μm-1mm，且该转移凸点(21)***到所述容料凹槽(11)中时，所述转移端面(211)与所述容料凹槽(11)的槽底之间的间距L的取值范围为20μm-250μm。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述转移凸点(21)为母线内凹的锥形台结构、母线外凸的锥形台结构、锥形台结构或阶梯台结构。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述阶梯台结构包括连接底座(2101)和转移凸台(2102)，所述转移凸台(2102)的横截面积小于所述连接底座(2101)的横截面积，所述转移凸台(2102)为圆柱形结构，所述连接底座(2101) 为锥形台状结构，所述圆柱形结构的高度h1≤200μm，且所述圆柱形结构的高度h1与所述转移端面的直径d2的比值N≤2.5。
  10. 根据权利要求1所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，涂布胶料滴依靠不同材料的张力差滴覆于涂布膜上。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述的不同材料分别为凸版辊和涂布膜。
  12. 根据权利要求10所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述涂布胶料滴还通过重力与离心力的作用滴覆于涂布膜上。
  13. 根据权利要2-4中任一项所述的锂电池隔膜点胶涂布装置，其特征在于，所述进给量控制器包括光栅尺或者其他高精度可重复定位装置。
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