WO2023078107A1 - 一种通信方法和通信装置 - Google Patents

一种通信方法和通信装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023078107A1
WO2023078107A1 PCT/CN2022/126814 CN2022126814W WO2023078107A1 WO 2023078107 A1 WO2023078107 A1 WO 2023078107A1 CN 2022126814 W CN2022126814 W CN 2022126814W WO 2023078107 A1 WO2023078107 A1 WO 2023078107A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
terminal
information
function
terminal device
reference signal
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PCT/CN2022/126814
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘梦婷
高鑫
余政
常俊仁
郝金平
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2023078107A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023078107A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of wireless communication, and in particular, to a communication method and a communication device.
  • the main function of the current 5th generation mobile technology (5 th generation mobile technology, 5G) terminal is to support communication, such as data transmission, and the positioning function may be one of the optional functions.
  • 5G terminals need to support complete protocol stack functions, including radio access network (radio access network, RAN) functions and 5G core network (5G core network, 5GC) functions.
  • radio access network radio access network
  • 5G core network 5G core network
  • the present application provides a communication method and a communication device, which are used to reduce power consumption of terminal equipment.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a terminal device or a chip.
  • the first terminal device receives configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the reference signal may be a reference signal for positioning, or a reference signal for other purposes.
  • the first terminal device sends at least one reference signal according to configuration information.
  • the first terminal device is not used to receive or send at least one of the following: non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) message, transmission of long term evolution positioning protocol (long term evolution positioning protocol, LPP) message, connection state information and paging messages.
  • non-access stratum non-access stratum
  • LPP long term evolution positioning protocol
  • the protocol stack functions of the terminal equipment are simplified to support basic positioning functions. Compared with the current protocol stack architecture, simplifying the protocol stack function can effectively reduce the code amount and data of the corresponding function, reduce the hardware storage space, and thus reduce the deep sleep current of the terminal device. On the other hand, the complexity and signaling overhead for the terminal device to perform corresponding functions can be effectively reduced, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the terminal device for positioning.
  • the first terminal device does not have at least one of the following: NAS layer function, LPP layer function, function of sending information in connection state, function of receiving information in connection state, packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence) protocol, PDCP) layer function and radio link layer control protocol (radio link control, RLC) layer function.
  • the first terminal device does not have the LPP layer function.
  • the first terminal device does not have the LPP layer function and the NAS layer function.
  • the first terminal device does not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the function of sending information in the connected state, and the function of receiving information in the connected state.
  • the first terminal device does not have the function of the LPP layer, the function of the NAS layer, the function of sending information in the connected state, the function of receiving information in the connected state, and the function of the PDCP layer.
  • the first terminal device does not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the function of sending information in the connected state, the function of receiving information in the connected state, the PDCP layer function, and the RLC layer function.
  • the protocol stack function of the terminal device is simplified, and the terminal device may not have at least one of the functions of NAS layer, LPP layer, connected state sending and receiving information, PDCP layer and RLC layer, and the corresponding functions can be effectively reduced or removed.
  • the amount of code and data, reducing the deep sleep current of the terminal equipment, can also reduce the complexity and signaling overhead of the terminal equipment, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal equipment.
  • the first terminal device only has at least one of the following: a physical (physical, PHY) layer function, a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) layer function, and a medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer function.
  • a physical (physical, PHY) layer function a radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC) layer function
  • RRC radio resource control
  • MAC medium access control
  • the terminal device can only have at least one function among the PHY layer function, the RRC layer function and the MAC layer function, so that the total code amount and data amount are greatly reduced, thereby reducing the deep sleep current and device complexity of the terminal device and signaling overhead, thereby reducing power consumption of terminal equipment.
  • the RRC layer function does not include at least one of the following: the function of receiving paging messages, the function of establishing or maintaining or releasing an RRC connection with the network, the function of establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing signaling radio bearers functions, quality of service (QoS) management functions, functions for detection and recovery of radio link failures, functions for transmitting NAS messages from the NAS layer to the first terminal device and transmitting NAS messages from the first terminal device to the NAS layer Function.
  • QoS quality of service
  • the RRC layer functions only include at least one of the following: the function of receiving broadcast system information, the function of establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing data radio bearers, the function of sending or receiving measurement reports, and the function of controlling measurement reports report function.
  • the function of controlling the reporting of the measurement report may include the conditions and rules for the terminal to control the reporting of the measurement report.
  • the RRC layer function of the terminal device can be simplified, the code amount and data of the corresponding RRC layer function can be reduced, and the complexity of the terminal device can be reduced.
  • the MAC layer functions do not include at least one of the following: the multiplexing and demultiplexing functions of the MAC layer protocol data unit, the function of reporting scheduling information, the hybrid automatic repeat request (hybrid auto repeat request, HARQ) performs an error indication function, a priority processing function, and a padding function.
  • the hybrid automatic repeat request hybrid auto repeat request, HARQ
  • the function of the MAC layer only includes a single HARQ process.
  • the MAC layer function does not support 16 HARQ processes. In this way, while ensuring the related functions of the basic HARQ process, the corresponding code amount and data amount can be reduced to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • the MAC layer function of the terminal device can be simplified, the code amount and data of the corresponding MAC layer function can be reduced, and the complexity of the terminal device can be reduced.
  • the PHY layer function does not include at least one of the following: a closed-loop power control function and a multi-antenna mapping function.
  • the modulation and coding function in the PHY layer function only includes the following partial function items: quadrature phase shift monitoring QPSK modulation, binary phase shift monitoring BPSK modulation, ⁇ /2-BPSK modulation, including 16 The quadrature amplitude 16QAM modulation of symbols, the quadrature amplitude 64QAM modulation containing 64 symbols and the quadrature amplitude 256QAM modulation containing 256 symbols.
  • the modulation and encoding function in the PHY layer function only includes one of the above, such as QPSK modulation. In this way, while ensuring the basic modulation and coding functions, the amount of codes and data corresponding to the modulation and coding functions in the PHY layer function can be reduced to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • the PHY layer function of the terminal device can be simplified, the code amount and data of the corresponding PHY layer function can be reduced, and the complexity of the terminal device can be reduced.
  • the first terminal device does not have a user plane function. In other words, the first terminal device does not support the function of transmitting user data.
  • the terminal device may not have the user plane function, which simplifies the functions of the terminal device, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • At least one reference signal is used for positioning.
  • at least one reference signal may be an uplink positioning reference signal, or a downlink positioning reference signal, or other reference signals.
  • the first terminal device sends first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal.
  • the terminal device can be used for positioning, the terminal device can indicate to the network device that the terminal device is a positioning terminal through the first information, and the network device can be configured to allocate positioning reference signal configuration information to the terminal device.
  • the first terminal device sends a serial number, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device.
  • the simplification of the first terminal’s function or the protocol stack may lead to the simplification or lack of security functions, such as the lack of the network’s identity authentication function for users, etc. Therefore, the serial number is sent to the base station through the first terminal to realize
  • the technical solution for the base station to authenticate the first terminal can improve the security of information exchange between the terminal and the network.
  • the first terminal device receives timing advance information.
  • the first terminal device sends at least one reference signal according to configuration information and timing advance information.
  • the first terminal device receives second information, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device.
  • the simplification of the function or protocol stack of the first terminal may lead to simplification or lack of security functions, such as the lack of identity authentication function of the network for users, etc., so the second information is sent to the first terminal through the base station to Realizing the technical solution of indicating that the base station is a legal service base station can improve the security of information exchange between the terminal and the network.
  • the first information is information carried in the first message in the four-step random access process or in the third message in the four-step random access process.
  • the first information is the information carried in the first message in the two-step random access process.
  • the first terminal device receives configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the second terminal device.
  • the first terminal device receives configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the network device.
  • the terminal device may receive the configuration information of at least one reference signal through the relay device, and may also receive the configuration information of at least one reference signal from the network device.
  • the solution of receiving the configuration information of at least one reference signal through the relay device can improve the security of information transmission.
  • the terminal device since the terminal device does not need to communicate directly with the network, but communicates with the network through the relay device, the complexity and signaling overhead of the terminal device can be further reduced, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal device.
  • the configuration information of at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the four-step random access process or in the fourth message in the four-step random access process.
  • the configuration information of the at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the two-step random access process.
  • the technical solution in which the network device can send configuration information to the first terminal device during the random access process is compared with the technical solution in which the network device broadcasts configuration information, allowing the first terminal device to determine that the configuration information is sent to itself
  • the technical solution in which the network device broadcasts configuration information allowing the first terminal device to determine that the configuration information is sent to itself.
  • the configuration information includes a duration of at least one reference signal, and the duration for sending the at least one reference signal by the first terminal device does not exceed the duration.
  • the first terminal may not have the function of transmitting information in the connection state, which may cause the terminal to be unable to maintain communication with the network, such as the terminal being unable to receive control information from the network, etc. , so that the terminal does not know when to start or stop transmission. Therefore, by indicating the technical solution of the reference signal transmission duration to the first terminal, the total duration of the reference signal transmission by the first terminal can be limited, and the power consumption of the terminal can be further reduced.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a network device or a chip.
  • the network device receives first information, and the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal.
  • the network device sends configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the first terminal device is not used to receive or send at least one of the following: NAS message, LPP message, connection state information and paging message.
  • the network device receives a serial number, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device.
  • the network device sends timing advance information, where the timing advance information is used to indicate an advance time for the first terminal device to send at least one reference signal.
  • the network device sends second information, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device.
  • the network device receives the first information sent by the first terminal device. Or, the network device receives the first information sent by the second terminal device.
  • the network device sends configuration information of at least one reference signal to the first terminal device.
  • the network device sends configuration information of at least one reference signal to the second terminal device.
  • the first information is information carried in the first message in the four-step random access process or in the third message in the four-step random access process.
  • the first information is the information carried in the first message in the two-step random access process.
  • the configuration information of at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the four-step random access process or in the fourth message in the four-step random access process.
  • the configuration information of the at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the two-step random access process.
  • the configuration information includes the duration of at least one reference signal, and the duration for the network device to receive the at least one reference signal does not exceed the duration.
  • a communication method is provided.
  • the method can be executed by a terminal device or a chip.
  • the second terminal device receives configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the network device.
  • the second terminal device sends configuration information to the first terminal device.
  • the first terminal device is not used to receive or send at least one of the following: NAS message, LPP message, connection state information and paging message.
  • the second terminal device receives first information sent by the first terminal device, where the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal.
  • the second terminal device sends the first information to the network device.
  • the second terminal device receives second information sent by the network device, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device.
  • the second terminal device sends the second information to the first terminal device.
  • the second terminal device receives the serial number sent by the first terminal device, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device.
  • the second terminal device sends the serial number to the network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, and the device may be a terminal device, or may be a chip for the terminal device.
  • the device has the function of realizing any realization method of the above-mentioned first aspect or has the function of realizing any realization method of the above-mentioned third aspect.
  • This function may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, and the device may be a network device, or may be a chip or a module for the network device.
  • the device has the function of implementing any implementation method of the second aspect above. This function may be implemented by hardware, or may be implemented by executing corresponding software on the hardware.
  • the hardware or software includes one or more modules corresponding to the above functions.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the device is running, the processor executes the computer instructions stored in the memory, so that the device executes Any implementation method in the first aspect to the third aspect above.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a unit or means (means) for performing each step of any implementation method in the first aspect to the third aspect.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor and an interface circuit, the processor is configured to communicate with other devices through the interface circuit, and execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the third aspect above.
  • the processor includes one or more.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a communication device, including a processor coupled to the memory, and the processor is used to call the program stored in the memory to execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the third aspect above .
  • the memory may be located within the device or external to the device. And there may be one or more processors.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores instructions, and when it is run on the communication device, the above-mentioned first to third aspects Any implementation method is executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes a computer program or instruction, when the computer program or instruction is run by the communication device, any of the above first to third aspects The implementation method is executed.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a chip system, including: a processor, configured to execute any implementation method in the first aspect to the third aspect above.
  • the embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, including: a terminal device configured to execute any implementation method in the first aspect above and a network device configured to execute any implementation method in the second aspect above.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication system, including: a terminal device for performing any implementation method in the above first aspect, a network device for performing any implementation method in the above second aspect, and A terminal device configured to execute any implementation method in the third aspect above.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a protocol stack of a 5G terminal
  • FIG. 3A is one of a schematic diagram of a protocol stack of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3B is one of the schematic diagrams of a protocol stack of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3C is one of the schematic diagrams of a protocol stack of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3D is one of the schematic diagrams of a protocol stack of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is one of exemplary flow charts of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of sending a reference signal according to timing advance information provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of sending a reference signal according to a reference signal sending duration provided by an embodiment of the present application
  • FIG. 7 is one of exemplary flow charts of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is one of exemplary flow charts of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 9 is one of schematic diagrams of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 10 is one of schematic diagrams of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a terminal provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application presents various aspects, embodiments or features in terms of a system that can include a number of devices, components, modules and the like. It is to be understood and appreciated that the various systems may include additional devices, components, modules, etc. and/or may not include all of the devices, components, modules etc. discussed in connection with the figures. In addition, combinations of these schemes can also be used.
  • the network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute limitations on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • the method and device provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE), fifth generation (5th generation, 5G), new radio (new radio, NR), wireless protection True (wireless-fidelity, WiFi), wireless communication related to the third generation partnership project (3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP), or other wireless communication that may appear in the future, etc.
  • LTE long term evolution
  • 5th generation 5G
  • new radio new radio
  • NR new radio
  • wireless protection True wireless-fidelity, WiFi
  • 3rd generation partnership project 3rd generation partnership project, 3GPP
  • 3GPP third generation partnership project
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to the communication method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the communication system 100 includes a terminal device 101, a network device 102, and a core network device 103, and the core network device 103 includes network elements such as an access and mobility management function network element AMF 1032 and a location management function network element LMF1031. Yuan.
  • the terminal device 101 which can also be called user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station (mobile station, MS), mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), etc., is a device that provides voice and/or data to users. connected devices.
  • the terminal device may include a handheld device with a wireless connection function, a vehicle-mounted device, and the like.
  • the terminal device may be: mobile phone, tablet computer, notebook computer, palmtop computer, mobile internet device (mobile internet device, MID), wearable device, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) device, enhanced Augmented reality (AR) equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, smart grid ), wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart city, or wireless terminals in smart home.
  • the terminal device in FIG. 2 is shown as a UE, which is only used as an example and not limited to the terminal device. In this embodiment of the present application, a terminal device is used as an example for description.
  • the network device 102 is an access device for a terminal device to wirelessly access the mobile communication system, including access network (access network, AN) devices, such as base stations.
  • Network devices can also refer to devices that communicate with terminal devices over the air interface.
  • the network equipment may include an evolved base station (evolutional Node B) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system or an advanced long term evolution (long term evolution-advanced, LTE-A), which may be referred to as eNB or e-NodeB).
  • An eNB is a device deployed in a radio access network that meets the standards of the fourth generation mobile communication technology (the fourth generation, 4G) and provides wireless communication functions for terminal equipment.
  • the network device can also be a new wireless controller (new radio controller, NR controller), it can be a (gNode B, gNB) in the 5G system, it can be a centralized network element (centralized unit), it can be a new wireless base station, it can be a
  • the radio remote module can be a micro base station (also called a small station), a relay, a distributed unit, various forms of macro base stations, or a transmission and receiving point (transmission reception point, TRP), transmission measurement function (transmission measurement function, TMF) or transmission point (transmission point, TP) or any other wireless access device, the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.
  • the network equipment may also include a radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), a node B (Node B, NB), a base station controller (base station controller, BSC), a base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS), a home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), base band unit (base band unit, BBU), or wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wifi) access point (access point, AP), etc.
  • RNC radio network controller
  • RNC radio network controller
  • Node B Node B
  • BSC base station controller
  • base transceiver station base transceiver station
  • BTS home base station
  • base station for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB
  • base band unit base band unit
  • BBU wireless fidelity (wireless fidelity, Wifi) access point (access point, AP), etc.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific technology and specific device form used by the network
  • the base station in this embodiment of the present application may include a centralized unit (centralized unit, CU) and a distributed unit (distributed unit, DU), and multiple DUs may be centrally controlled by one CU.
  • CU and DU can be divided according to their wireless network protocol layer functions.
  • the PDCP layer and above protocol layer functions are set in CU, and the protocol layers below PDCP, such as RLC layer and MAC layer functions are set in DU.
  • the division of such protocol layers is only an example, and may also be divided in other protocol layers.
  • the radio frequency device can be remote, not placed in the DU, or integrated in the DU, or partially remote and partially integrated in the DU, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • control plane (control plan, CP) and the user plane (user plan, UP) of the CU can also be separated and divided into different entities for implementation, respectively being the control plane CU entity (CU-CP entity) And user plane CU entity (CU-UP entity).
  • the signaling generated by the CU can be sent to the terminal device through the DU, or the signaling generated by the UE can be sent to the CU through the DU.
  • the DU can directly transmit the signaling to the UE or CU through protocol layer encapsulation without parsing the signaling.
  • the CU is divided into network devices on the radio access network (radio access network, RAN) side.
  • the CU can also be divided into network devices on the core network (core network, CN) side. This is not limited.
  • the access and mobility management function network element AMF 1032 can be used to manage the access control and mobility of the terminal equipment.
  • the access and mobility management function network element may be an AMF (access and mobility management function) network element, such as shown in FIG .
  • the access and mobility management functional network element may still be an AMF network element, or have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the location management function network element LMF 1031 can be used to determine the location of the UE, obtain downlink location measurement or location estimation from the UE, and the like.
  • the location management function network element may include a location management function (location management function, LMF) or a location management component (location management component, LMC), or may be a local location management function (local location management function, LLMF) located in a network device ), which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • LMF location management function
  • LMC location management component
  • LMF local location management function located in a network device
  • the network element with the location management function may still be an LMF network element, or have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • Reference signals which may include positioning reference signals for positioning and reference signals for non-positioning purposes.
  • the positioning reference signal may include an uplink sounding reference signal (uplink sounding reference signal, UL-SRS) and a downlink positioning reference signal (downlink positioning reference signal, DL-PRS).
  • the configuration information of the reference signal is used to configure information such as time-frequency resources of the reference signal.
  • the configuration information may include one or more of the following: scrambling code information, location information, period information, interval information, frequency hopping information, density information, reserved time information, tuning time information, and non-simultaneous transmission information.
  • the time unit may be a time slot, a symbol, a mini-slot, a frame, a subframe or a half frame.
  • the scrambling code information includes at least one of the following: scrambling code ranges and scrambling code value sets of the m reference signals.
  • the location information is location information of time-domain resources occupied by the m reference signals. For example, the start sending time domain position and the end sending time domain position of the reference signal, or the start sending time domain position and the time domain length of the reference signal.
  • the period information is the sending period of the m reference signals, and the period information can also be understood as the period of the time domain resources of the m reference signals.
  • the interval information is the sending time interval of reference signals corresponding to two adjacent time units among the m reference signals.
  • Density information refers to the number of times m reference signals are sent within a specific time range.
  • the reserved time information refers to the time length to be reserved before sending m reference signals, or the time length to be reserved after sending m reference signals, or the time length to be reserved between two adjacent time units .
  • the tuning time information refers to the time taken for frequency tuning (radio frequency retuning, RF retuning).
  • Not sending information at the same time means that when sending m reference signals, the terminal does not support sending other information except m reference signals.
  • Frequency hopping information includes one or more of the following information:
  • the number of hops for sending m reference signals within a specific time can be understood as, taking two adjacent reference signals among the m reference signals as an example, if the two adjacent reference signals are separated by frequency hopping If it is transmitted in the same way, then the number of hops between the two reference signals is 1.
  • the number of resource blocks (resource block, RB) occupied by frequency hopping between two adjacent reference signals among the m reference signals transmitted can also be understood as the number of adjacent two reference signals (adjacent two-hop reference signals ) is the number of RBs separated between the frequency-domain start position of the next reference signal (the next-hop reference signal) and the frequency-domain start position of the previous reference signal (previous-hop reference signal).
  • the resource width corresponding to the frequency hopping between two adjacent reference signals among the m reference signals sent can also be understood as the latter reference signal (the latter reference signal) among the two adjacent reference signals (adjacent two-hop reference signals).
  • the frequency hopping offset may refer to two adjacent reference signals (adjacent two-hop reference signals)
  • the offset of the frequency domain start position of the latter reference signal (the next hop reference signal) compared to the predetermined frequency domain position, the predetermined frequency domain position can be based on the number of RBs occupied by the frequency hopping in the previous section or the corresponding frequency hopping
  • the resource width may be determined by the frequency-domain start position of the previous reference signal, or by a specified frequency-domain reference position.
  • deep sleep current refers to the amount of current required by the terminal to maintain the most basic functions during sleep or when it is not connected to the network, and is related to factors such as protocol stack functions. Generally, the more functions a terminal supports during deep sleep, the greater the amount of code and data in hardware storage (such as static random-access memory (SRAM), flash memory (Flash), etc.) The higher the sleep current, the higher the power consumption of the terminal.
  • SRAM static random-access memory
  • Flash flash memory
  • Downlink synchronization means that the terminal performs frequency, phase and 10ms frame synchronization and cell synchronization with the base station through the binary synchronization signal sequence sent periodically by the base station at a specific location. Only after synchronization can the terminal demodulate the master information block (MIB) and system information (system information blocks, SIB) broadcast by the cell. Therefore, obtaining downlink synchronization is the starting point for the terminal to establish communication with the base station.
  • MIB master information block
  • SIB system information blocks
  • the function of the protocol stack refers to the function or service provided by a certain layer of the protocol stack.
  • the RRC layer functions may include functions or services provided by the RRC layer, such as functions or services of receiving broadcast system information, establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing data radio bearers (data radio bearers, DRB) functions or services, sending or receiving The function or service of measurement report, the function or service of controlling measurement report reporting, the function or service of receiving paging message, the function or service of establishing or maintaining or releasing RRC connection with the network, establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing signaling radio bearer function or service of QoS management function or service, function or service of detection and recovery of radio link failure, function or service of transmitting NAS message from NAS layer to said first terminal device and transmitting from said first terminal device NAS messages to NAS layer functions or services.
  • the main function of the current 5G terminal is to support communication, such as data transmission, and the positioning function can be one of the optional functions.
  • 5G terminals need to support complete protocol stack functions.
  • the protocol stack functions of the current 5G terminal can include long term evolution positioning protocol (long term evolution positioning protocol, LPP) layer functions, non-access stratum (non-access stratum, NAS) layer functions, radio resource control ( radio resource control (RRC) layer function, packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP) layer function, radio link layer control protocol (radio link control, RLC) layer function, medium access control (medium access control, MAC) layer functions and physical (PHY) layer functions.
  • LPP long term evolution positioning protocol
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • RRC radio resource control
  • packet data convergence protocol packet data convergence protocol
  • PDCP radio link layer control protocol
  • RLC medium access control
  • MAC medium access control
  • PHY physical
  • Table 1 shows an exemplary power consumption analysis of a certain 5G terminal.
  • the deep sleep current is an important factor affecting the power consumption/standby time of 5G terminals. Therefore, the greater the deep sleep current of the 5G terminal, the higher the power consumption of the 5G terminal and the shorter the standby time.
  • the current protocol stack structure and functions are too complicated, which will lead to operational complexity and The signaling overhead is too large, which leads to high power consumption of the positioning of the terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method.
  • the protocol stack function of the terminal is simplified to support the basic positioning function.
  • simplifying the protocol stack function can effectively realize the code amount and data of the corresponding function on the one hand, reduce hardware storage (such as static random access memory (SRAM), flash memory (Flash), etc.) space, thereby Reduce the deep sleep current of the terminal; on the other hand, it can effectively reduce the complexity and signaling overhead of the terminal to perform corresponding functions, so as to achieve the purpose of reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • Flash flash memory
  • the terminal may not be used to receive or send at least one of the following: NAS message, LPP message, connection state information and paging message.
  • the terminal may not have the function of receiving or sending NAS messages.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the NAS layer, or the terminal does not have the processing function of the NAS layer, or the terminal does not support the service of the NAS layer.
  • the terminal may not have the function of receiving or sending the LPP message.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer, or the terminal may not have the processing function of the LPP layer, or the terminal may not support the service of the LPP layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer, or the terminal may have the function of sending or receiving connection state information, or the terminal may have the function of transmitting connection state information, but the terminal may not be used for receiving or sending connection state information.
  • the connection state information includes connection state data, signaling and control information, and the like.
  • the 5G new radio (NR) network supports three RRC states, including RRC idle state (RRC_IDLE), RRC deactivated state (RRC_INACTIVE) and RRC connected state (RRC_CONNECTED).
  • connection state information or data the data and signaling that the terminal interacts with the base station when it is in the RRC connection state
  • the behavior of exchanging data and signaling with the base station when the terminal is in the RRC connection state can be regarded as It is the connection state information transmission.
  • the network After the terminal accesses the network and establishes an RRC connection with the serving base station, when the terminal has no data transmission needs temporarily, in order to save energy and resources, the network will disconnect the RRC connection of the terminal and release related wireless resources, and the terminal starts from the RRC connection state. Change to RRC deactivation state or RRC idle state.
  • the base station When the network has data to send to the terminal, the base station will initiate paging. For example, a base station may broadcast a paging message. In this embodiment of the application, the terminal may not be used to receive the paging message.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may include an RRC layer, and the terminal may support the RRC function, but the terminal may not be used to receive paging messages.
  • the terminal provided in this embodiment of the present application may only have at least one of the following: a PHY layer function, an RRC layer function, and a MAC layer function.
  • the protocol stack function of the terminal may only include the PHY layer function, or the terminal may only support the service of the PHY layer.
  • the protocol stack function of the terminal may only include RRC layer functions, or the terminal may only support RRC layer services.
  • the protocol stack function of the terminal may only include MAC layer functions, or the terminal may only support MAC layer services.
  • the protocol stack functions of the terminal may only include PHY layer functions and RRC layer functions, or the terminal may only support PHY layer services and RRC layer services.
  • the protocol stack functions of the terminal may only include PHY layer functions and MAC layer functions, or the terminal may only support PHY layer services and MAC layer services.
  • the protocol stack functions of the terminal may only include MAC layer functions and RRC layer functions, or the terminal may only support MAC layer services and RRC layer services.
  • the protocol stack or protocol stack functions of the terminal are simplified, for example, the terminal may not include the LPP layer and/or NAS layer, or the functions of the terminal are simplified, so the signaling overhead and processing of the terminal can be reduced Complexity, so that the power consumption of the terminal can be reduced.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides multiple solutions for simplifying the protocol stack or the function of the protocol stack of the terminal, or the functions of the terminal, which are respectively introduced below.
  • Solution 1 The terminal does not have the LPP layer function.
  • the terminal does not have the LPP layer function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer, or the protocol stack of the terminal may include the LPP layer but the terminal may not be used to receive or send LPP messages.
  • the terminal may only have NAS function, RRC layer function, PHY layer function, MAC layer function, PDCP layer function and RLC layer function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the NAS layer, the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the PDCP layer and the RLC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer, and the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the NAS layer, the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the PDCP layer, and the RLC layer. Therefore, the terminal does not have the function of the LPP layer, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the LPP layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending the LPP message.
  • the terminal may not have the LPP layer function or the terminal protocol stack may not include the LPP layer, so the terminal protocol stack or terminal functions are simplified.
  • the code amount of the LPP layer function can be reduced or removed. and data, reducing hardware storage space and deep sleep current; on the other hand, it can reduce the signaling overhead of the terminal, such as the overhead of LPP messages, and also reduce the processing complexity of the terminal, such as the complexity of LPP layer functions, thereby reducing terminal power consumption.
  • Solution 2 The terminal does not have the LPP layer function and the NAS layer function.
  • the terminal may not have the NAS layer function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the NAS layer, or the protocol stack of the terminal may include the NAS layer but the terminal may not be used for receiving or Send NAS messages.
  • the terminal may only have RRC layer functions, PHY layer functions, MAC layer functions, PDCP layer functions and RLC layer functions.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the PDCP layer and the RLC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer and the NAS layer, and the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the PDCP layer and the RLC layer. Therefore, the terminal does not have the function of the LPP layer, that is, the terminal supports services of the LPP layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending LPP messages. And, the terminal does not have the NAS layer function, that is, the terminal does not have the service supporting the NAS layer, or the terminal does not have the message to receive or send the NAS message.
  • the terminal may not have the LPP layer function and the NAS layer function or the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer and the NAS layer.
  • the hardware storage space is reduced, and the deep sleep current is reduced; on the other hand, the signaling overhead of the terminal can be reduced, such as the overhead of LPP messages and NAS messages, and the terminal’s Processing complexity, such as the complexity of the LPP layer and the NAS layer, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • the terminal in solution 2 may not have the NAS function, so on the one hand, it can further reduce the amount of function code and data at the NAS layer, further reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current.
  • the signaling overhead of the terminal that is, the overhead of NAS messages
  • the processing complexity of the terminal such as the complexity of the NAS layer, can be further reduced, thereby further reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • Solution 3 The terminal does not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function and the connection state information transmission function.
  • the terminal may not have the connection state information transmission function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal does not include the RRC layer, or the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer but The terminal may not be used to receive or send connection state information, or the terminal may have other functions in the RRC layer functions except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the terminal may have mobility functions among RRC layer functions, such as cell selection and cell reselection, functions of receiving or sending measurement reports, receiving or sending measurement reports, and controlling reporting of measurement reports.
  • the terminal may only have the function of the PHY layer, the function of the MAC layer, the function of the PDCP layer and the function of the RLC layer. And other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include a PHY layer, a MAC layer, a PDCP layer, and an RLC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the RRC layer, PHY layer, MAC layer, PDCP layer and RLC layer, but the terminal is not used to receive or send connection state information, that is, it does not have the function of connection state information transmission.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer and the NAS layer, and the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, the PDCP layer and the RLC layer. Therefore, the terminal does not have the function of the LPP layer, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the LPP layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending LPP messages. And, the terminal does not have the NAS layer function, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the NAS layer, or the terminal has the function of receiving or sending NAS messages. As shown in FIG.
  • the terminal may not have the function of transmitting connection state information, or the terminal may not be used for receiving or sending connection state information.
  • the terminal may have other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the terminal may not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function and the connection state information transmission function or the terminal protocol stack may not include the LPP layer and the NAS layer, so the terminal protocol stack or terminal functions are simplified.
  • it can reduce or remove the code amount and data of LPP layer function, NAS layer function and RRC layer function, reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current;
  • it can reduce the signaling overhead of the terminal, such as LPP message , NAS message and connection state information overhead can also reduce the processing complexity of the terminal, such as the complexity of the LPP layer, NAS layer and RRC layer, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • the terminal may not have the function of information transmission in the connection state, so on the one hand, it can further reduce the code amount and data of the RRC layer function, further reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current;
  • the signaling overhead of the terminal that is, the overhead of connection state information, can be further reduced, thereby further reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • Solution 4 The terminal does not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the connection state information transmission function and the PDCP layer function.
  • the terminal may not have the PDCP layer function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the PDCP layer, or the protocol stack of the terminal
  • the PDCP layer may be included but the terminal may not be used to perform operations of PDCP layer functions. Operations such as Internet Protocol (internet protocol, IP) header compression, encryption, and integrity protection.
  • the terminal may only have the function of the PHY layer, the function of the MAC layer and the function of the RLC layer. And other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include a PHY layer, a MAC layer and an RLC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer and the RLC layer, but the terminal is not used to receive or send connection state information, that is, it does not have the function of connection state information transmission.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer, the NAS layer, and the PDCP layer, and the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, the MAC layer, and the RLC layer. Therefore, the terminal does not have the function of the LPP layer, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the LPP layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending LPP messages. And, the terminal does not have the NAS layer function, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the NAS layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending NAS messages.
  • the terminal does not have the PDCP layer function, or the terminal does not support the service of the PDCP layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal includes the RRC layer
  • the terminal may not have the function of transmitting connection state information, or the terminal may not be used for receiving or sending connection state information.
  • the terminal may have other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the terminal may not have LPP layer function, NAS layer function, connection state information transmission function and PDCP layer function or the protocol stack of the terminal may not have the LPP layer, NAS layer and PDCP layer, so the protocol stack of the terminal Or the functions of the terminal are simplified.
  • the terminal can reduce or remove the code amount and data of the LPP layer function, NAS layer function and RRC layer function, reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current; on the other hand, it can reduce the terminal’s
  • Signaling overhead such as the overhead of LPP messages, NAS messages, and connection state information
  • the processing complexity of the terminal such as the complexity of the functions of the LPP layer, NAS layer, RRC layer, and PDCP layer, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal.
  • the terminal in scheme 4 may not have the PDCP layer function.
  • it can further reduce the amount of code and data in the PDCP layer, reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current; on the other hand, it can further reduce the The processing complexity of the terminal can further reduce the power consumption of the terminal.
  • Solution 5 The terminal does not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the connection state information transmission function, the PDCP layer function and the RLC layer function.
  • the terminal may not have the RLC layer function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the RLC layer, or The protocol stack of the terminal may include the RLC layer but the terminal may not be used to perform operations of the RLC layer function. Operations such as data segmentation, data retransmission, and RLC reconstruction.
  • the terminal may only have the function of the PHY layer and the function of the MAC layer.
  • the terminal may refer to having a PHY layer function and a MAC layer function, and other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the PHY layer and the MAC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may only include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, and the MAC layer, but the terminal is not used to receive or send connection state information, that is, it does not have the function of connection state information transmission.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal may not include the LPP layer, the NAS layer, the PDCP layer, and the RLC layer, and the protocol stack of the terminal may include the RRC layer, the PHY layer, and the MAC layer. Therefore, the terminal does not have the function of the LPP layer, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the LPP layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending LPP messages. And, the terminal does not have the function of the NAS layer, that is, the terminal does not support the service of the NAS layer, or the terminal does not have the function of receiving or sending NAS messages.
  • the terminal does not have the PDCP layer function, or the terminal does not support the service of the PDCP layer.
  • the terminal does not have the function of the RLC layer, or the terminal does not support the service of the RLC layer.
  • the protocol stack of the terminal includes the RRC layer
  • the terminal may not have the function of transmitting connection state information, or the terminal may not be used for receiving or sending connection state information.
  • the terminal may have other functions in the RRC layer except the connection state information transmission function.
  • the terminal may not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the connection state information transmission function, the PDCP layer function and the RLC layer function or the protocol stack of the terminal may not have the LPP layer, NAS layer, PDCP layer and RLC layer. Therefore, the protocol stack or terminal functions of the terminal are simplified. On the one hand, the amount of code and data of the LPP layer function, NAS layer function, RRC layer function, PDCP layer function and RLC layer function can be reduced or removed, and the hardware storage capacity can be reduced.
  • the terminal can reduce the signaling overhead of the terminal, such as the overhead of LPP messages, NAS messages, and connection state information, and can also reduce the processing complexity of the terminal, such as the LPP layer, NAS layer, and RRC layer.
  • the complexity of the PDCP layer function and the RLC layer function can reduce the power consumption of the terminal.
  • the terminal in solution 5 may not have the RLC layer function.
  • it can further reduce the code amount and data of the RLC layer function, further reduce the hardware storage space, and reduce the deep sleep current; on the other hand, The processing complexity of the terminal can be further reduced, so that the power consumption of the terminal can be further reduced.
  • the terminal may not have the LPP layer function, the NAS layer function, the PDCP layer function and the RLC layer function.
  • the terminal can have all the functions of the PHY layer function, the terminal can also have all the functions of the MAC layer function, and the terminal can also have the RRC function except the connection state information transmission function All of the other features in .
  • the above RRC layer functions may be simplified.
  • the RRC layer functions of the terminal do not include at least one of the following in addition to the connection state information transmission function: the function of receiving paging messages, the function of establishing or maintaining or releasing the RRC connection with the network, security-related functions, establishing Or configure or maintain or release signaling radio bearer (signalling radio bearer, SRB) functions, mobility-related functions, quality of service (quality of servis, QoS) management functions, radio link failure detection and recovery, from the NAS layer
  • the terminal does not have the function of receiving paging messages, the function of establishing or maintaining or releasing the RRC connection with the network, security-related functions, establishment or configuration or At least one of the function of maintaining or releasing the SRB, mobility-related functions, QoS management functions, detection and recovery of radio link failures, the function of transmitting NAS messages from the NAS layer to the terminal, the transmission of NAS messages from the terminal to the NAS layer functions item function.
  • security-related functions may include functions such as identity verification and key derivation and management.
  • Mobility related functions may include mobility restriction, time subscription and notification, intra-system mobility update and inter-gNB handover.
  • the terminal may also have some functions in the functions of the RRC layer except the function of transmitting information in the connected state.
  • the RRC layer functions of the terminal only include the broadcast system information function, the function of establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing DRB, the function of sending or receiving measurement configuration, the function of sending or receiving measurement report, and the function of controlling measurement report reporting at least one function of .
  • the terminal has the function of broadcasting system information in the RRC layer function, the function of establishing, configuring, maintaining or releasing DRB, the function of sending or receiving measurement configuration, the function of sending or receiving measurement report and the function of controlling measurement report reporting. At least one function.
  • the above MAC layer functions may be simplified.
  • the terminal may not have at least one of the functions of multiplexing and demultiplexing MAC layer protocol data units, the function of reporting scheduling information, the function of error indication through HARQ, the function of priority processing and the function of filling padding among the functions of the MAC layer. one item.
  • the terminal may have some functions in the MAC layer functions.
  • the HARQ-related functions in the MAC layer functions only include simplified HARQ functions.
  • a single HARQ process is supported in HARQ-related functions, but multiple HARQ processes are not supported, for example, 16 HARQ processes are not supported. That is to say, the terminal has only a single HARQ process in the HARQ-related functions of the MAC layer functions, or the terminal has the function of a single HARQ process in the MAC layer functions.
  • the above-mentioned PHY layer functions may be simplified.
  • the terminal may not have at least one of the closed-loop power control function and the multi-antenna mapping function among the PHY layer functions.
  • the terminal may have some of the functions of the PHY layer.
  • the modulation and coding function in the PHY function may only include a part of the modulation and coding scheme (modulation and coding scheme, MCS).
  • modulation and coding functions can include quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), binary phase shift keying (Bi Phase Shift Keying, BPSK), ⁇ /2-BPSK, quadrature amplitude with 16 symbols Modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, QAM), quadrature amplitude modulation containing 64 symbols, and part of quadrature amplitude modulation containing 256 symbols.
  • the modulation and coding functions in the PHY layer functions of the terminal may only include the above-mentioned part of the MCS, or the terminal has some function items in the PHY layer functions. In this way, while ensuring the basic modulation and coding functions, the amount of codes and data corresponding to the modulation and coding functions in the PHY layer functions can be reduced to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the power consumption of the terminal equipment.
  • the target code rate may be predefined or indicated by the base station. It should be noted that the target bit rate may contain only one value. For example, the QPSK modulation and encoding function among the PHY layer functions of the terminal. For example, the target bitrate can be predefined, such as 120.
  • the PHY layer function may also include a modulation mapper function, a sequence generation function, and an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM) baseband signal generation (OFDM baseband signal generation) function and modulation and upconversion (modulation and upconversion) function.
  • the PHY layer functions of the terminal only include the above-mentioned single MCS and modulation mapping functions, sequence generation functions, OFDM baseband signal generation functions, and modulation and up-conversion functions.
  • the terminal has the function of a single MCS in the PHY layer function, as well as the modulation mapping function, the sequence generation function, the OFDM baseband signal generation function, and the modulation and up-conversion function.
  • the terminal may not have the user plane function.
  • the terminal does not support the function or service of transferring user data.
  • the terminal does not support the function or service of the service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation protocol, SDAP), or does not support the PDCP layer transmission of user data and PDCP reconstruction.
  • the function or service of the SDAP may include establishing a mapping between a QoS flow and a radio bearer.
  • the terminals with simplified functions or simplified protocol stacks proposed in the embodiments of the present application may also be used for positioning.
  • the above-mentioned terminal with simplified functions or simplified protocol stacks may be a positioning terminal.
  • an embodiment of the present application proposes a communication method.
  • FIG. 4 it is an exemplary flow chart of a communication method provided by an embodiment of the present application. The following will introduce the communication method proposed in this application by taking the terminal and the base station as execution subjects. It can be understood that the communication method proposed in this application may also be executed by a device for a terminal or a device for a base station, such as a chip.
  • the base station sends configuration information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives configuration information.
  • the configuration information may be configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the at least one reference signal may be used for positioning, for example may be a positioning reference signal.
  • the foregoing configuration information may be configuration information of one or more groups of reference signals.
  • a set of reference signals may include one or more reference signals.
  • each group of reference signals can be used for one positioning process.
  • the above configuration information may include time-frequency resource information of at least one reference signal.
  • configuration information may include one or more of location information, interval information, and cycle information.
  • the configuration information may also include other information, such as one or more of scrambling code information, frequency hopping information, density information, reservation time information, tuning time information, and non-simultaneous transmission information.
  • S402 The first terminal sends at least one reference signal.
  • the base station receives at least one reference signal.
  • the first terminal may send at least one reference signal according to configuration information.
  • the first terminal may send the at least one reference signal on the corresponding time-frequency resource according to the time-frequency resource information of the at least one reference signal in the configuration information.
  • the first terminal with simplified functions or simplified protocol stacks can be used for positioning.
  • it reduces signaling overhead and processing complexity, and reduces the deep sleep current of the terminal, thereby The positioning power consumption of the terminal can be reduced, thereby realizing low power consumption positioning.
  • existing positioning tags such as ultra-wideband (UWB) positioning tags, it can maintain downlink synchronization with the network, so it can effectively increase the capacity of terminals in the network, in other words, it can improve the positioning services available at the same time. number of terminals.
  • UWB ultra-wideband
  • the base station may measure at least one reference signal sent by the first terminal, and send the measurement result of the at least one reference signal to a network element with a location management function, such as the LMF shown in FIG. 1 .
  • the measurement results can be PRS signal to interference plus noise ratio (signal to interference plus noise ratio, SINR), reference signal receiving power (reference signal receiving power, RSRP), reference signal receiving quality (reference signal receiving quality, RSRQ), Relative time of arrival (RTOA) or angle of arrival (AOA).
  • the measurement result may also be a quantitative result of the above multiple measurements.
  • the location management function network element may determine the location information of the first terminal according to the measurement result of the at least one measurement reference signal, so as to realize the positioning of the first terminal.
  • the network element with the location management function can adopt uplink angle of arrival (up link-angle of arrival, UL-AOA) positioning technology, or uplink time difference of arrival (up link-time of arrival, UL-TDOA) positioning technology or other positioning
  • uplink angle of arrival up link-angle of arrival, UL-AOA
  • uplink time difference of arrival up link-time of arrival, UL-TDOA
  • the technical process obtains the location information of the first terminal.
  • the network element with the location management function may also use other positioning technologies to determine the location information of the first terminal, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the foregoing configuration information may include timing advance information.
  • the timing advance information may be used to indicate the interval between the time domain resource for actually sending the at least one reference signal and the time domain resource for the at least one reference signal indicated by the configuration information.
  • the first terminal may send at least one reference signal according to the timing advance information and configuration information. For example, the first terminal may send the at least one reference signal on the corresponding time-frequency resource according to the timing advance information and the time-frequency resource of the at least one reference signal indicated by the configuration information.
  • the timing advance value indicated in the timing advance information is 2 time slots
  • the time domain resource indicated in the configuration information of reference signal A is time slot 4
  • the frequency domain resource is subcarrier 2. Then the first terminal may send the reference signal A at the time slot 2 and the subcarrier 2.
  • a base station can broadcast configuration information.
  • the first terminal may receive configuration information broadcast by the base station.
  • the base station may broadcast configuration information on a physical broadcast channel (physical broadcast channel, PBCH).
  • PBCH physical broadcast channel
  • the base station may send a broadcast message, the broadcast message includes configuration information, and the broadcast message may be sent on the PBCH.
  • the base station may send configuration information to the first terminal.
  • the base station may send configuration information to the first terminal during the random access process of the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may use a two-step random access process to access the network.
  • the base station may send the configuration information to the first terminal through the second message (message B, msg B) of the two-step random access.
  • the first terminal may use a four-step random access process to access the network.
  • the base station can send the configuration information to the first terminal through the second message (message 2, msg 2) of the four-step random access procedure.
  • the base station may send the configuration information to the first terminal through the fourth message (message 4, msg 4) of the four-step random access procedure.
  • the base station can send configuration information to the first terminal, which can achieve the purpose of locating the first terminal.
  • the technical solution of sending configuration information to the first terminal during the random access process can allow the first terminal to determine that the configuration information is sent to itself to reduce the ambiguity of information, such as If multiple terminal devices send reference signals according to the same configuration information after receiving the broadcast information, resource conflicts will be caused, and the security of data transmission can also be improved.
  • the base station may send configuration information to the first terminal through a relay device.
  • the relay device may be a base station, such as the network device 102 shown in FIG. 1 , or the relay device may also be a terminal or a part of a terminal, such as the terminal device 101 or a part of the terminal device 101 shown in FIG. 1 .
  • each first terminal can communicate with the base station through a relay device, and each relay device can only serve as a relay device for one first terminal.
  • each relay device may become a relay device for multiple first terminals, and the multiple first terminals may communicate with the base station through the same relay device.
  • a relay device and multiple first terminals may be regarded as an integrated terminal, and the control body and the transmitting/receiving device of the integrated terminal are separated.
  • the control body can realize the function of the above-mentioned relay device, and the transmitting/receiving device can realize the function of the above-mentioned first terminal.
  • the relay device may be a second terminal.
  • the base station may send configuration information to the second terminal, and the second terminal may send the configuration information to the first terminal.
  • the base station can send information, such as configuration information, to the second terminal through an RRC message or a broadcast message, and the second terminal can send information through a sidelink (side link) message or a short-distance communication message (such as Bluetooth, WiFi, WLAN, etc.) to send the information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may send information to the second terminal through a sidelink message or a short-distance communication message
  • the second terminal may send information to the base station through an RRC message.
  • the network element with the location management function may replace the function of the base station, for example, the network element with the location management function may send information, such as configuration information, to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal may send the information received from the first terminal to the network element with the location management function, such as the measurement result of the reference signal.
  • the second terminal may forward the information sent by the base station to the second terminal, such as configuration information, to the first terminal.
  • the base station may send the information to the second terminal, and the second terminal may perform corresponding processing on the information and send the information to the first terminal.
  • the base station can send configuration information to the second terminal, and the second terminal can process one or more pieces of configuration information, such as filtering, integrating or adding content, and the second terminal can send the processed configuration information to the second terminal.
  • a terminal The same is true for the first terminal sending information to the base station through the second terminal.
  • the base station can send the configuration information to the first terminal through the second terminal. Since the simplification of the functions of the first terminal may lead to simplification or lack of security functions, the above method can improve the security of information transmission. In addition, since the first terminal does not need to communicate directly with the network, the complexity and signaling overhead of the first terminal can be further reduced, thereby reducing power consumption of the first terminal.
  • the first terminal sends the first information.
  • the first terminal may send the first information to the base station.
  • the first terminal may send the first information to the base station during the random access process.
  • the first terminal may use a two-step random access process to access the network, and the first terminal may send the first information to the base station through the first message (message A, msg A) in the two-step random access process.
  • the first terminal may use a four-step random access process to access the network.
  • the first terminal may send the first information to the base station through the first message (message 1, msg 1) in the four-step random access process.
  • the first terminal may use the third message (message 2, msg 2) in the four-step random access process to send the first information to the base station.
  • the first terminal may send the first information to the second terminal, and the second terminal sends the first information to the base station.
  • the foregoing first information may be used to indicate that the first terminal is a positioning terminal.
  • it may be identification information of the first terminal.
  • the first information can be a random number, device factory identification, mobile equipment international identity code (international mobile equipment identity, IMEI), international mobile subscriber identification code (international mobile subscriber identification number, IMSI), temporary mobile subscriber identification (serving-temporary mobile Subscriber identity, S-TMSI), cell-Radio network temporary identifier (cell-Radio network temporary identifier, C-RNTI) and other information that can uniquely identify the first terminal, which are not specifically limited in this application.
  • the foregoing first information may be encrypted information.
  • the first terminal may encrypt the first information and send the encrypted first information.
  • the encryption method is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application, for example, an asymmetric encryption method may be used to encrypt the first information.
  • the first terminal may indicate that the first terminal is a positioning terminal through the first information, so that the base station may configure a positioning reference signal for the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may send the serial number.
  • the serial number may be authentication information of the first terminal.
  • the first terminal may send the serial number to the base station or the first terminal may send the serial number to the second terminal, which may be implemented with reference to the aforementioned sending of the first information by the first terminal.
  • the above serial number may be a random number.
  • the first terminal may send an initial serial number.
  • the base station can receive and store the initial sequence number. If the first terminal wants to send the serial number again, the first terminal may update the initial serial number according to the serial number maintenance rules. The first terminal may send the updated initial serial number. The base station may also update the initial serial number according to the maintenance rule, and authenticate the first terminal after receiving the updated initial serial number of the first terminal. Wherein, if the updated initial serial number obtained by the base station is consistent with the received updated initial serial number, the authentication is considered to be passed; otherwise, if they are inconsistent, the authentication is considered not to be passed.
  • the maintenance rule of the above serial number may be indicated by the network, or may be predefined by the protocol, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the initial sequence number sent by the first terminal for the first time is 0.
  • the base station can store the initial sequence number.
  • 1 may be added to the initial serial number 0, that is, the serial number is 1.
  • the base station may add 1 to the initial sequence number according to a preset rule, that is, the sequence number is 1.
  • the base station may authenticate the first terminal. If the serial number sent by the first terminal for the second time is 1, it is considered that the authentication is passed; if the serial number sent by the first terminal for the second time is not 1, it is considered that the authentication is not passed.
  • the simplification of the first terminal’s function or the protocol stack may lead to the simplification or lack of security functions, such as the lack of the network’s identity authentication function for users, etc. Therefore, the serial number is sent to the base station through the first terminal to realize The technical solution for the base station to authenticate the first terminal. In this way, while ensuring the basic modulation and coding functions, the amount of codes and data corresponding to the modulation and coding functions in the PHY layer function can be reduced to the greatest extent, thereby reducing the power consumption of terminal equipment .
  • the base station may send the second information.
  • the base station may send the second information to the first terminal, or the base station may send the second information to the second terminal, which may be implemented with reference to the aforementioned configuration information sent by the base station.
  • the foregoing second information may be used to indicate the serving base station of the first terminal.
  • the second information may be the above-mentioned first information, or the second information may be identification information, such as base station identification information.
  • the second information may be other identification information capable of indicating the serving base station of the first terminal, which is not specifically limited in this application.
  • the simplification of the function or protocol stack of the first terminal may lead to simplification or lack of security functions, such as the lack of identity authentication function of the network for users, etc., so the second information is sent to the first terminal through the base station to Realizing the technical solution of indicating that the base station is a legal service base station can improve the security of information exchange between the terminal and the network.
  • the configuration information may further include a reference signal transmission duration.
  • the reference signal sending duration may be understood as a duration for sending at least one reference signal. Referring to FIG. 6 , assuming that the configuration information includes that the reference signal sending duration is 50ms, then the duration for the first terminal to send at least one reference signal may be 50ms or not exceed 50ms. It is assumed that the cycle information of the at least one reference signal indicates that the cycle is 1 time slot, that is, the first terminal can send at least one reference signal every other time slot. It should be understood that the first terminal may send the at least one reference signal according to the time-frequency domain resource of the at least one reference signal indicated by the configuration information. For example, the first terminal may send at least one reference signal on the corresponding time-frequency domain resource and according to the period indicated by the period information according to the time domain resource position, frequency domain resource position and period information of the at least one reference signal indicated by the configuration information.
  • the first terminal may not have the function of transmitting information in the connection state, which may cause the terminal to be unable to maintain communication with the network, such as the terminal being unable to receive control information from the network, etc. , so that the terminal does not know when to start or stop transmission. Therefore, by indicating the technical solution of the reference signal transmission duration to the first terminal, the total duration of the reference signal transmission by the first terminal can be limited, and the power consumption of the terminal can be further reduced.
  • the first terminal may access the base station to communicate with the base station, or the first terminal may also communicate with the base station through the second terminal.
  • the two communication modes are explained and described respectively with the accompanying drawings.
  • the terminal may be a terminal with simplified functions or a simplified protocol stack, and the terminal may perform the operations of the first terminal in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the terminal can access the network to communicate with the base station.
  • the terminal can access the network and communicate with the base station through a four-step random access or two-step random access procedure.
  • the terminal accesses the network through a four-step random access process as an example for illustration.
  • the terminal can obtain downlink synchronization information by receiving the master system information block (master information block, MIB), monitoring the physical downlink shared channel (physical downlink control channel, PDCCH) and receiving system information blocks (SIB). For example, tracking reference signal (tracking reference signal, TRS) synchronization information and synchronization signal block (synchronization signal block, SSB) synchronization information.
  • the terminal can perform downlink synchronization with the base station according to the obtained downlink synchronization information.
  • S702 The terminal sends a first message.
  • the base station receives the first message.
  • the terminal can send a random access request on a physical random access channel (physical random access channel, PRACH).
  • a physical random access channel physical random access channel, PRACH
  • a first message may be sent.
  • the first message may include a preamble.
  • S703 The base station sends the second message.
  • the terminal receives the second message.
  • the second message may carry timing advance information and uplink resources used for sending the third message.
  • S704 The terminal sends a third message.
  • the base station receives the third message.
  • the terminal may send the third message in the corresponding uplink resource according to the timing advance information and the uplink resource in S703.
  • the first message may carry the first information. This example may be an implementation manner in which the first terminal sends the first information in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the first message may also carry a sequence number. This example may be an implementation manner in which the first terminal sends the serial number in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • S705 The base station sends a fourth message.
  • the terminal receives the fourth message.
  • the fourth message may include configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • S704 may be an implementation manner of S401.
  • the second information may be carried in the fourth message. This example may be an implementation manner in which the base station sends the second information in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the base station sends the first information and the configuration information to the network element with the location management function.
  • the base station may send the first information received in S704 and the configuration information in S705 to the location management functional network element.
  • the base station may indicate to the location management function network element that the first information corresponds to the configuration information, that is, inform the location management function network element that at least one reference signal as indicated by the configuration information is configured for the terminal indicated by the first information.
  • the base station may send the first information and the configuration information to the position management functional network element through a new radio positioning protocol annex (NRPPa) message.
  • NRPPa new radio positioning protocol annex
  • S707 The terminal sends at least one reference signal.
  • the terminal may send at least one reference signal according to configuration information.
  • S707 may be an implementation manner of S402. Further, the terminal may send at least one reference signal according to configuration information and timing advance information.
  • the configuration information in S705 may include the reference signal transmission duration.
  • the total duration for the terminal to send at least one reference signal may not exceed the reference signal sending duration, which may be implemented with reference to the relevant description in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the base station sends the measurement result of at least one reference signal to the network element with the location management function.
  • the network element with the location management function determines the location information of the first terminal according to the measurement result of at least one measurement reference signal.
  • the first terminal may be a terminal with a simplified function or a simplified protocol stack.
  • the first terminal does not need to directly send and receive unicast messages with the base station, does not need to initiate a complete random access process, and can perform information interaction with the network through the relay device.
  • the relay device is used as a terminal, such as the second terminal, as an example for description.
  • the terminal can obtain downlink synchronization information by receiving the MIB and monitoring the PDCCH. For example, TRS-synchronized information and SSB-synchronized information.
  • the first terminal since the first terminal communicates with the base station through the second terminal, in a possible implementation manner, the first terminal does not need to receive the SIB in the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 .
  • S802 The first terminal sends the first information to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the first information.
  • S803 The second terminal sends the first information to the base station.
  • the base station receives the first information.
  • the foregoing S802 and S803 may be an implementation manner in which the first terminal sends the first information in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the first terminal may also send the serial number to the second terminal, and the second terminal may send the aforementioned serial number to the base station.
  • This example may be implemented with reference to S802 and S803, and this example may be an implementation manner in which the first terminal sends the serial number in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the first terminal may not need to send the serial number to the second terminal, because the second terminal has a complete protocol stack function or security function.
  • the base station sends configuration information of at least one reference signal to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • S805 The second terminal sends configuration information of at least one reference signal to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • S804 and S805 may be an implementation manner of S401.
  • the base station may send the second information to the second terminal, and the second terminal may send the aforementioned second information to the first terminal.
  • This example may be implemented with reference to S804 and S805, and this example may be an implementation manner in which the base station sends the second information in the method embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .
  • the base station sends the first information and the configuration information to the network element with the location management function.
  • S807 The base station sends the preamble information of the first terminal to the second terminal.
  • the second terminal receives the preamble information of the first terminal.
  • the second terminal sends the aforementioned preamble information to the first terminal.
  • the first terminal receives the preamble information.
  • S807 and S808 may be specific implementation manners for the first terminal to obtain the preamble information.
  • S809 The first terminal initiates a random access procedure through the foregoing preamble information.
  • the terminal may send a random access request, such as msg1, to the base station.
  • the random access request may carry preamble information.
  • the first terminal does not need to initiate a complete random access process, and it is only necessary for the first terminal to acquire timing advance information.
  • the first terminal may not execute S703 and S704.
  • S810 The terminal sends at least one reference signal.
  • S810 may be implemented with reference to S706, and S810 may be an implementation manner of S402.
  • the second terminal may also measure the at least one reference signal, and send the measurement result of the at least one reference signal to the base station or to the LMF.
  • the measurement of the at least one reference signal by the second terminal may be implemented by referring to the measurement of the at least one reference signal by the base station.
  • S811 and S812 may be implemented with reference to S708 and S709.
  • a communication device 900 includes a processing unit 910 and a transceiver unit 920 .
  • the communication device 900 is configured to implement functions of the first terminal, the second terminal, and the base station in the method embodiments shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 above.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to receive configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • a processing unit 910 configured to generate at least one reference signal.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to send the at least one reference signal according to the configuration information.
  • the communication device 900 is not used for receiving or sending at least one of the following: non-access stratum NAS message, transmission of long term evolution system positioning protocol LPP message, connected state data and paging message.
  • the above communication device 900 does not have at least one of the following: NAS layer function, LPP layer function, function of sending information in connected state, function of receiving information in connected state, PDCP layer function and RLC layer function.
  • the above communication device 900 only has at least one of the following: a PHY layer function, an RRC layer function and a MAC layer function.
  • the PHY layer functions do not include at least one of the following: a closed-loop power control function and a multi-antenna mapping function.
  • the MAC layer functions do not include at least one of the following: multiplexing and demultiplexing of MAC layer protocol data units, the function of reporting scheduling information, the function of error indication through HARQ, the function of priority processing and padding function.
  • the RRC layer functions do not include at least one of the following: the function of receiving a paging message, the function of establishing or maintaining or releasing an RRC connection with the network, the function of establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing a signaling radio bearer, QoS Management functions, functions of detection and recovery of radio link failures, functions of transmitting NAS messages from the NAS layer to the first terminal device and functions of transmitting NAS messages from the first terminal device to the NAS layer.
  • the modulation coding function in the PHY layer function includes only one of the following: QPSK modulation, binary BPSK modulation, ⁇ /2-BPSK modulation, 16QAM modulation, 64QAM modulation and 256QAM modulation.
  • the MAC layer functionality supports only a single HARQ process.
  • the RRC layer functions only include at least one of the following: the function of receiving broadcast system information, the function of establishing or configuring or maintaining or releasing data radio bearers, the function of sending or receiving measurement configuration, and the function of sending or receiving measurement reports Functions and functions to control reporting of measurement reports.
  • the foregoing communication device 900 does not have a user plane function.
  • At least one reference signal is used for positioning.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: send first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: send a serial number, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to: receive timing advance information.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is specifically configured to: send at least one reference signal according to configuration information and timing advance information.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: receive second information, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device.
  • the first information is the information carried in the first message in the one-step random access process or the third message in the four-step random access process.
  • the first information is the information carried in the first message in the two-step random access process.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: receive configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the second terminal device. Or, receive configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the network device.
  • the configuration information of at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the four-step random access process or in the fourth message in the four-step random access process.
  • the configuration information of the at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the two-step random access process.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is configured to receive configuration information of at least one reference signal sent by the network device.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to determine a first terminal device corresponding to configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to send configuration information to the determined first terminal device.
  • the first terminal device is not used to receive or send at least one of the following: NAS message, LPP message, connection state information and paging message.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: receive first information sent by the first terminal device, where the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal. Send the first information to the network device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to receive second information sent by the network device, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device. Send the second information to the first terminal device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to: receive a serial number sent by the first terminal device, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device. Send serial number to network device.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is used to receive first information, where the first information is used to indicate that the first terminal device is a positioning terminal.
  • the processing unit 910 is configured to generate configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the transceiver unit 920 is further configured to send configuration information of at least one reference signal.
  • the first terminal device is not used to receive or send at least one of the following: NAS message, LPP message, connection state information and paging message.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: receive a serial number, where the serial number is authentication information of the first terminal device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: send timing advance information, where the timing advance information is used to indicate an advance time for the first terminal device to send at least one reference signal.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: send second information, where the second information is used to indicate the serving network device of the first terminal device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: receive first information sent by the first terminal device. Or, receive the first information sent by the second terminal device.
  • the transceiving unit 920 is further configured to: send configuration information of at least one reference signal to the first terminal device. Send configuration information of at least one reference signal to the second terminal device.
  • the first information is the information carried in the first message in the one-step random access process or the third message in the four-step random access process. Alternatively, the first information is the information carried in the first message in the two-step random access process.
  • the configuration information of at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the four-step random access process or in the fourth message in the four-step random access process. Alternatively, the configuration information of the at least one reference signal is information carried in the second message in the two-step random access process.
  • the configuration information includes a duration of at least one reference signal.
  • the duration for receiving the at least one reference signal by the transceiver unit 920 does not exceed the duration.
  • processing unit 910 and the transceiver unit 920 can be directly obtained by referring to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiments shown in FIG. 4 to FIG. 8 , and will not be repeated here.
  • a communication device 1000 includes a processor 1010 and an interface circuit 1020 .
  • the processor 1010 and the interface circuit 1020 are coupled to each other.
  • the interface circuit 1020 may be a transceiver or an input-output interface.
  • the communication device 1000 may further include a memory 1030 for storing instructions executed by the processor 1010 or storing input data required by the processor 1010 to execute the instructions or storing data generated by the processor 1010 after executing the instructions.
  • the processor 1010 is used to implement the functions of the processing unit 910
  • the interface circuit 1020 is used to implement the functions of the transceiver unit 920 .
  • the terminal chip implements the functions of the first terminal or the second terminal in the above method embodiment.
  • the terminal chip receives information from other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the terminal by the base station; or, the terminal chip sends information to other modules in the terminal (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the The information is sent by the terminal to the base station.
  • the base station module implements the functions of the base station in the above method embodiment.
  • the base station module receives information from other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), and the information is sent to the base station by the terminal; or, the base station module sends information to other modules in the base station (such as radio frequency modules or antennas), the The information is sent by the base station to the terminal.
  • the base station module here may be a baseband chip of the base station, or a DU or other modules, and the DU here may be a DU under an open radio access network (O-RAN) architecture.
  • OF-RAN open radio access network
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal provided in an embodiment of the present application.
  • the terminal 1100 includes a baseband processing module 1110 , a radio frequency processing module 1120 and an antenna 1130 .
  • the baseband processing module 1110 is used to process the baseband signal, which may specifically include demodulating and decoding the downlink signal, and encoding and modulating the uplink signal.
  • the baseband processing module 1110 may specifically be a baseband chip.
  • the radio frequency processing module 1120 is configured to process radio frequency signals, which may specifically include performing analog domain filtering on uplink and downlink signals and power amplification on uplink and downlink signals. That is to say, the radio frequency processing module 1120 includes the analog domain filter described in the foregoing method embodiments.
  • the radio frequency processing module 1120 may specifically be a radio frequency chip.
  • the antenna 1130 is used to convert radio waves received in space into downlink signals and then send them to the radio frequency processing module 1120, or convert uplink signals from the radio frequency processing module 1120 into radio waves for transmission into space.
  • the processor in the embodiments of the present application can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), Field Programmable Gate Array (Field Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components or any combination thereof.
  • a general-purpose processor can be a microprocessor, or any conventional processor.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-readable storage medium stores computer programs or instructions. When the computer programs or instructions are executed, the above-mentioned method embodiments performed by the network device or the terminal device are implemented. method. In this way, the functions described in the above embodiments can be realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application can be embodied in the form of a software product in essence or the part that contributes to it or the part of the technical solution.
  • the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including several instructions for So that a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) executes all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the storage medium includes: a U disk, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory ROM, a random access memory RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media that can store program codes.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, the computer program product includes: computer program code, when the computer program code is run on the computer, the computer is made to execute any method described above by the terminal device or the network device Methods.
  • the present application also provides a system, which includes executing the aforementioned first terminal device and the aforementioned network device.
  • the system includes the foregoing first terminal device, the foregoing second terminal device, and the foregoing network device.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a processing apparatus, including a processor and an interface; the processor is configured to execute the method performed by the terminal device or the network device involved in any one of the above method embodiments.
  • the method steps in the embodiments of the present application may be implemented by means of hardware, or may be implemented by means of a processor executing software instructions.
  • Software instructions can be composed of corresponding software modules, and software modules can be stored in random access memory, flash memory, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, electrically erasable programmable read-only Memory, registers, hard disk, removable hard disk, CD-ROM or any other form of storage medium known in the art.
  • An exemplary storage medium is coupled to the processor such the processor can read information from, and write information to, the storage medium.
  • the storage medium may also be a component of the processor.
  • the processor and storage medium can be located in the ASIC.
  • the ASIC can be located in the base station or the terminal.
  • the processor and the storage medium may also exist in the base station or the terminal as discrete components.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • software When implemented using software, it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product comprises one or more computer programs or instructions. When the computer program or instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are executed in whole or in part.
  • the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, network equipment, user equipment, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer program or instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer program or instructions may be downloaded from a website, computer, A server or data center transmits to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired or wireless means.
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrating one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium, such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, or a magnetic tape; it may also be an optical medium, such as a digital video disk; and it may also be a semiconductor medium, such as a solid state disk.
  • the computer readable storage medium may be a volatile or a nonvolatile storage medium, or may include both volatile and nonvolatile types of storage media.
  • “at least one” means one or more, and “multiple” means two or more.
  • “And/or” describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that there can be three types of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the contextual objects are an “or” relationship; in the formulas of this application, the character “/” indicates that the contextual objects are a “division” Relationship.
  • “Including at least one of A, B and C” may mean: including A; including B; including C; including A and B; including A and C; including B and C; including A, B and C.

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  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种通信方法和通信装置，用来降低终端设备的功耗，涉及无线通信技术领域。该方法中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、传输LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。基于上述方案，对终端设备的协议栈功能进行简化，以支持基本的定位功能。相较于目前的协议栈架构，简化协议栈功能一方面可以有效地实现降低相应功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，从而降低终端设备的深睡电流。另一方面，可以有效地降低终端设备执行相应功能的复杂度和信令开销，从而达到降低终端设备的定位功耗的目的。

Description

一种通信方法和通信装置
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求在2021年11月04日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111301778.2、申请名称为“一种通信方法和通信装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及无线通信技术领域，尤其涉及一种通信方法和通信装置。
背景技术
当前第五代移动通信技术(5 th generation mobile technology，5G)终端的主要功能是支持通信，例如数据传输，定位功能可以是其中的一个可选功能。为了支持完整的通信功能，5G终端需要支持完整的协议栈功能，包括无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)功能和5G核心网(5G core network，5GC)功能。然而，对于仅存在定位需求的终端来说，目前的协议栈结构和功能过于繁杂，将会导致终端的操作复杂度和信令开销过大，从而导致终端的定位功耗过高。
发明内容
本申请提供一种通信方法和通信装置，用来降低终端设备的功耗。
第一方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由终端设备或者芯片执行。该方法中，第一终端设备接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息。其中，参考信号可以是用于定位的参考信号，或者是其它用途的参考信号。第一终端设备根据配置信息发送至少一个参考信号。其中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)消息、传输长期演进***定位协议(long term evolution positioning protocol，LPP)消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
基于上述方案，对终端设备的协议栈功能进行简化，以支持基本的定位功能。相较于目前的协议栈架构，简化协议栈功能一方面可以有效地实现降低相应功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，从而降低终端设备的深睡电流。另一方面，可以有效地降低终端设备执行相应功能的复杂度和信令开销，从而达到降低终端设备定位功耗的目的。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备不具备以下至少一项：NAS层功能、LPP层功能、连接态发送信息的功能、连接态接收信息的功能、分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层功能和无线链路层控制协议(radio link control，RLC)层功能。
例如，第一终端设备不具备LPP层功能。又例如，第一终端设备不具备LPP层功能和NAS层功能。又例如，第一终端设备不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态发送信息的功能和连接态接收信息的功能。又例如，第一终端设备不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态发送信息的功能、连接态接收信息的功能和PDCP层功能。又例如，第一终端设备 不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态发送信息的功能、连接态接收信息的功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。
基于上述方案，对终端设备的协议栈功能进行简化，终端设备可以不具备NAS层、LPP层、连接态收发信息、PDCP层和RLC层功能中的至少一项，可以有效降低或移除相应功能的代码量和数据，降低终端设备的深睡电流，也可以降低终端设备复杂度和信令开销，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备只具备以下至少一项：物理(physical，PHY)层功能、无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层功能和介质访问控制(medium access control，MAC)层功能。
基于上述方案，终端设备可以只具备PHY层功能、RRC层功能和MAC层功能中的至少一项功能，使得总代码量和数据量大幅度降低，从而降低终端设备的深睡电流、设备复杂度和信令开销，进而降低了终端设备的功耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，RRC层功能不包括以下至少一项：接收寻呼消息的功能、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放信令无线承载的功能、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)管理功能、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复的功能、从NAS层传输NAS消息到第一终端设备的功能和从第一终端设备传输NAS消息到NAS层功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，RRC层功能只包括以下至少一项：接收广播***信息的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放数据无线承载的功能、发送或接收测量报告的功能和控制测量报告上报的功能。其中，控制测量报告上报的功能可以包括终端控制测量报告上报的条件和规则等。
基于上述方案，可以对终端设备的RRC层功能进行简化，可以降低相应RRC层功能的代码量和数据，降低终端设备的复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，MAC层功能不包括以下至少一项：MAC层协议数据单元的复用和解复用功能、调度信息上报的功能、通过混合自动重传请求(hybrid auto repeat request，HARQ)进行错误指示的功能、优先级处理的功能和填充(padding)的功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，MAC层功能只包括单个HARQ进程。例如，MAC层功能不支持16个HARQ进程。如此，在保证基础HARQ进程相关功能的同时，可以最大幅度地降低对应的代码量和数据量，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
基于上述方案，可以对终端设备的MAC层功能进行简化，可以降低相应MAC层功能的代码量和数据，降低终端设备的复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，PHY层功能不包括以下至少一项：闭环功率控制功能和多天线映射功能。
在一种可能的实现方式中，PHY层功能中的调制编码功能只包括以下的部分功能项：正交相移监控QPSK调制、二进制相移监控BPSK调制、π/2-BPSK调制、包含16种符号的正交幅度16QAM调制、包含64种符号的正交幅度64QAM调制和包含256种符号的正交幅度256QAM调制。例如，PHY层功能中的调制编码功能只包括上述中的一项，如QPSK调制。如此，在保证基础调制编码功能的同时，可以最大幅度地降低PHY层功能中的调制编码功能对应的代码量和数据量，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
基于上述方案，可以对终端设备的PHY层功能进行简化，可以降低相应PHY层功能 的代码量和数据，降低终端设备的复杂度。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备不具备用户面功能。或者说，第一终端设备不支持传输用户数据的功能。
基于上述方案，终端设备可以不具备用户面功能，简化了终端设备的功能，从而降低了终端设备的功耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少一个参考信号用于定位。例如，至少一个参考信号可以是上行定位参考信号，或者下行定位参考信号，或者其它参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。
基于上述方案，终端设备可以用于定位，终端设备可以通过第一信息向网络设备指示终端设备为定位终端，可以让网络设备为终端设备分配定位参考信号的配置信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备发送序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者说协议栈被简化有可能导致安全功能的简化或缺失，如网络对用户的身份认证功能缺失等，因此通过第一终端向基站发送序列号，以实现基站对第一终端进行认证的技术方案，可以提高终端与网络进行信息交互的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备接收定时提前信息。第一终端设备根据配置信息和定时提前信息发送至少一个参考信号。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备接收第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者说协议栈被简化有可能导致安全功能的简化或缺失，如网络对用户的身份认证功能缺失等，因此通过基站向第一终端发送第二信息，以实现指示该基站为合法服务基站的技术方案，可以提高终端与网络进行信息交互的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息为四步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第三消息携带的信息。或者，第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端设备接收第二终端设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。或者，第一终端设备接收网络设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
基于上述方案，终端设备可以通过中继设备接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息，也可以从网络设备接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息。其中，由于第一终端的功能简化有可能导致安全功能简化或缺失，通过中继设备接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息的方案可以提高信息传输的安全性。另外，由于终端设备无需与网络直接通信，而是通过中继设备与网络进行通信，可以进一步降低终端设备的复杂度和信令开销，进而降低终端设备的功耗。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第四消息携带的信息。或者，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
基于上述方案，网络设备可以在随机接入过程中向第一终端设备发送配置信息的技术方案相较于网络设备广播配置信息的技术方案，可以让第一终端设备确定配置信息是发给自身的以减少信息的模糊性，如多个终端设备收到该广播的信息后如果均按照相同的配置 信息发送参考信号，会造成资源冲突，也可以提高数据传输的安全性。
在一种可能的实现方式中，配置信息包括至少一个参考信号的持续时长，第一终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的时长不超过持续时长。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者协议栈被简化，有可能导致第一终端不具备连接态信息传输的功能，有可能导致终端无法与网络保持通信，如终端无法从网络接收控制信息等，从而导致终端不知道何时开始或停止传输，因此通过向第一终端指示参考信号发送持续时间的技术方案，可以限制第一终端发送参考信号的总时长，可以进一步降低终端的功耗。
第二方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由网络设备或者芯片执行。该方法中，网络设备接收第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。网络设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。其中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备接收序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备发送定时提前信息，定时提前信息用于指示第一终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的提前时间。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备发送第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备接收第一终端设备发送的第一信息。或者，网络设备接收第二终端设备发送的第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，网络设备向第一终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。或者，网络设备向第二终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第一信息为四步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第三消息携带的信息。或者，第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第四消息携带的信息。或者，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，配置信息包括至少一个参考信号的持续时长，网络设备接收至少一个参考信号的时长不超过持续时长。
第三方面，提供一种通信方法。该方法可以由终端设备或者芯片执行。该方法中，第二终端设备接收网络设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。第二终端设备向第一终端设备发送配置信息。其中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备接收第一终端设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。第二终端设备向网络设备发送第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备接收网络设备发送的第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。第二终端设备向第一终端设备发送第二信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，第二终端设备接收第一终端设备发送的序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。第二终端设备向网络设备发送序列号。
第四方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以终端设备，还可以是用于终 端设备的芯片。该装置具有实现上述第一方面的任意实现方法的功能或具有实现上述第三方面的任意实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第五方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，该装置可以是网络设备，还可以是用于网络设备的芯片或模块。该装置具有实现上述第二方面的任意实现方法的功能。该功能可以通过硬件实现，也可以通过硬件执行相应的软件实现。该硬件或软件包括一个或多个与上述功能相对应的模块。
第六方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和存储器；该存储器用于存储计算机指令，当该装置运行时，该处理器执行该存储器存储的计算机指令，以使该装置执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法。
第七方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括用于执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法的各个步骤的单元或手段(means)。
第八方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括处理器和接口电路，所述处理器用于通过接口电路与其它装置通信，并执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法。该处理器包括一个或多个。
第九方面，本申请实施例提供一种通信装置，包括与存储器耦合的处理器，该处理器用于调用所述存储器中存储的程序，以执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法。该存储器可以位于该装置之内，也可以位于该装置之外。且该处理器可以是一个或多个。
第十方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在通信装置上运行时，使得上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法被执行。
第十一方面，本申请实施例还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括计算机程序或指令，当计算机程序或指令被通信装置运行时，使得上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法被执行。
第十二方面，本申请实施例还提供一种芯片***，包括：处理器，用于执行上述第一方面至第三方面中的任意实现方法。
第十三方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信***，包括：用于执行上述第一方面中的任意实现方法的终端设备和用于执行上述第二方面中的任意实现方法的网络设备。
第十四方面，本申请实施例还提供一种通信***，包括：用于执行上述第一方面中的任意实现方法的终端设备、用于执行上述第二方面中的任意实现方法的网络设备以及用于执行上述第三方面中的任意实现方法的终端设备。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的通信***示意图；
图2为5G终端的协议栈示意图；
图3A为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图之一；
图3B为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图之一；
图3C为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图之一；
图3D为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图之一；
图4为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图5为本申请实施例提供的根据定时提前信息发送参考信号的示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的根据参考信号发送持续时长发送参考信号的示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图8为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图之一；
图9为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图之一；
图10为本申请实施例提供的一种通信装置的示意图之一；
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的示意图。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，以下结合附图进行说明。
本申请将围绕可包括多个设备、组件、模块等的***来呈现各个方面、实施例或特征。应当理解和明白的是，各个***可以包括另外的设备、组件、模块等，并且/或者可以并不包括结合附图讨论的所有设备、组件、模块等。此外，还可以使用这些方案的组合。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案，并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定，本领域普通技术人员可知，随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现，本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题，同样适用。
本申请实施例提供的方法和装置可应用于各种通信***，例如，长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)，第五代(5th generation，5G)，新无线(new radio，NR)，无线保真(wireless-fidelity，WiFi)，第三代合作伙伴计划(3rd generation partnership project，3GPP)相关的无线通信，或未来可能出现的其他无线通信等。
为便于理解本申请实施例，首先以图1示出的通信***为例详细说明适用于本申请实施例的通信***。图1示出了适用于本申请实施例的通信方法的通信***的示意图。如图1所示，该通信***100包括终端设备101、网络设备102和核心网设备103，核心网设备103又包括接入与移动性管理功能网元AMF 1032和位置管理功能网元LMF1031等网元。
以下，通信***中的各个网元进行解释和说明。
下面对本申请实施例的通信***的各个网元或设备的功能进行详细描述：
所述终端设备101，又可以称之为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台(mobile station，MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal，MT)等，是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如，所述终端设备可以包括具有无线连接功能的手持式设备、车载设备等。目前，所述终端设备可以是：手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备，虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端，或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端等。其中，图2中所述终端设备以UE示出，仅作为示例，并不对终端设备进行限定。本申请实施例中，以终端设备为终端为例进行说明。
网络设备102，是终端设备通过无线方式接入到该移动通信***中的接入设备，包括接入网(access network，AN)设备，例如基站。网络设备也可以是指在空口与终端设备 通信的设备。网络设备可以包括长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)***或高级长期演进(long term evolution-advanced，LTE-A)中的演进型基站(evolutional Node B)，可简称为eNB或e-NodeB)。eNB是一种部署在无线接入网中满足***移动通信技术(the fourth generation，4G)标准的为终端设备提供无线通信功能的装置。网络设备还可以是新无线控制器(new radio controller，NR controller)，可以是5G***中的(gNode B，gNB)，可以是集中式网元(centralized unit)，可以是新无线基站，可以是射频拉远模块，可以是微基站(也称为小站)，可以是中继(relay)，可以是分布式网元(distributed unit)，可以是各种形式的宏基站，可以是传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、传输测量功能(transmission measurement function，TMF)或传输点(transmission point，TP)或者任何其它无线接入设备，本申请实施例不限于此。网络设备也可以包括无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station,BTS)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)，或无线保真(wireless fidelity，Wifi)接入点(access point，AP)等。本申请的实施例对网络设备所使用的具体技术和具体设备形态不做限定。网络设备在4G***中可以对应eNB，在5G***中对应gNB。本申请实施例中，以网络设备为基站为例进行说明。
另外，本申请实施例中的基站可以包括集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，多个DU可以由一个CU集中控制。CU和DU可以根据其具备的无线网络的协议层功能进行划分，例如PDCP层及以上协议层功能设置在CU，PDCP以下的协议层，例如RLC层和MAC层等的功能设置在DU。需要说明的是，这种协议层的划分仅仅是一种举例，还可以在其它协议层划分。射频装置可以拉远，不放在DU中，也可以集成在DU中，或者部分拉远部分集成在DU中，本申请实施例不作任何限制。另外，在一些实施例中，还可以将CU的控制面(control plan，CP)和用户面(user plan，UP)分离，分成不同实体来实现，分别为控制面CU实体(CU-CP实体)和用户面CU实体(CU-UP实体)。在该网络架构中，CU产生的信令可以通过DU发送给终端设备，或者UE产生的信令可以通过DU发送给CU。DU可以不对该信令进行解析而直接通过协议层封装而透传给UE或CU。在该网络架构中，将CU划分为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)侧的网络设备，此外，也可以将CU划分作为核心网(core network，CN)侧的网络设备，本申请对此不做限制。
所述接入与移动性管理功能网元AMF 1032，可用于对所述终端设备的接入控制和移动性进行管理。例如，在5G中，所述接入与移动管理功能网元可以是AMF(access and mobility management function)网元，例如图1所示，在未来通信，如第六代移动通信技术(6 th generation mobile technology，6G)中，所述接入与移动管理功能网元仍可以是AMF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
所述位置管理功能网元LMF 1031，可以用于确定UE的位置、从UE获得下行链路位置测量或位置估计等。所述位置管理功能网元可包括位置管理功能(location management function，LMF)或者位置管理组件(location management component，LMC)，或者可以是位于网络设备中的本地位置管理功能(local location management function，LLMF)，本申请实施例对此不作限定。为了方便描述，下述实施例均以定位管理设备为LMF为例进行介绍。
如图1所示，在未来通信***中，如6G中，所述位置管理功能网元仍可以是LMF网元，或有其它的名称，本申请不做限定。
为了便于理解本申请实施例提供的技术方案，以下对本申请涉及的技术术语进行解释和说明。
1)、参考信号，可以包括用于定位的定位参考信号和非定位用途的参考信号。其中，定位参考信号可以包括上行探测参考信号(uplink sounding reference signal，UL-SRS)、下行定位参考信号(downlink positioning reference signal，DL-PRS)。
2)、参考信号的配置信息，用于配置参考信号的时频资源等信息。配置信息可以包括以下中的一种或多种：扰码信息、位置信息、周期信息、间隔信息、跳频信息、密度信息、预留时间信息、调谐时间信息和不同时发送信息。在本申请实施例中，在本申请中，时间单元可以是时隙、符号、微时隙、帧、子帧或半帧。
扰码信息至少包括如下一种：m个参考信号的扰码范围和扰码取值集合。
位置信息是m个参考信号所占用的时域资源位置信息。例如，参考信号的起始发送时域位置和结束发送时域位置，或者参考信号的起始发送时域位置和参考信号的时域长度。
周期信息是m个参考信号的发送周期，周期信息还可以理解成是m个参考信号的时域资源的周期。
间隔信息是m个参考信号中对应于相邻两个时间单元的参考信号的发送时间间隔。
密度信息是指在特定的时间范围内发送m个参考信号的次数。
预留时间信息是指在发送m个参考信号前要预留的时间长度，或在发送m个参考信号后要预留的时间长度，或相邻两个时间单元之间要预留的时间长度。
调谐时间信息是指频率调谐(radio frequency retuning，RF retuning)所占用的时间。
不同时发送信息是终端在发送m个参考信号时，不支持在发送除m个参考信号以外的其他信息。
跳频信息包括以下信息中的一种或多种：
是否支持以跳频的方式发送m个参考信号，即m个参考信号中相邻两个参考信号的之间的跳频。
发送m个参考信号在特定时间内的跳数，该跳数可以理解为，以m个参考信号中的相邻两个参考信号为例，如果该相邻两个参考信号之间以跳频的方式传输的，那么这两个参考信号之间的跳数为1。
发送的m个参考信号中的相邻两个参考信号之间的跳频的占据的资源块(resource block，RB)数，也可以理解为，相邻两个参考信号(相邻两跳参考信号)中后一个参考信号(后一跳参考信号)的频域起始位置与前一个参考信号(前一跳参考信号)的频域起始位置之间间隔的RB数。
发送的m个参考信号中的相邻两个参考信号之间的跳频对应的资源宽度，也可以理解为，相邻两个参考信号(相邻两跳参考信号)中后一个参考信号(后一跳参考信号)的频域起始位置与前一个参考信号(前一跳参考信号)的频域起始位置之间间隔的频域资源大小(宽度)。
发送的m个参考信号中的相邻两个参考信号之间的跳频偏移量在一实施例中，跳频偏移量可以是指相邻两个参考信号(相邻两跳参考信号)中后一个参考信号(后一跳参考信号)的频域起始位置相比于预定频域位置的偏移，该预定频域位置可以是根据前文中跳频 占据的RB数或者跳频对应的资源宽度确定的，还可以是前一个参考信号的频域起始位置，还可以是指定的频域参考位置。
3)、深睡电流(deep sleep current)，指的是终端在睡眠期间或与网络没有连接时维持最基本功能所需的电流大小，与协议栈功能等因素有关。一般地，终端在深睡期间支持的功能越多，硬件存储(如静态随机存取存储器(static random-access memory，SRAM)、闪存(Flash)等)空间中的代码和数据量越大，深睡电流越高，终端的功耗越高。
4)、下行同步，指终端通过基站周期性的、在特定位置发送的二进制同步信号序列与基站进行频率、相位与10ms帧的同步以及小区同步。只有同步之后，终端才能解调出小区广播的主***信息块(master information block，MIB)和***信息(system information blocks，SIB)，因此获得下行同步是终端与基站建立通信的起点。
5)、协议栈功能，指协议栈的某一层提供的功能或服务。例如，RRC层功能可以包括RRC层提供的功能或服务，如接收广播***信息的功能或服务、建立或配置或保持或释放数据无线承载(data radio bearers，DRB)的功能或服务、发送或接收测量报告的功能或服务、控制测量报告上报的功能或服务、接收寻呼消息的功能或服务、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能或服务、建立或配置或保持或释放信令无线承载的功能或服务、QoS管理功能或服务、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复的功能或服务、从NAS层传输NAS消息到所述第一终端设备的功能或服务和从所述第一终端设备传输NAS消息到NAS层功能或服务。
当前5G终端的主要功能是支持通信，例如数据传输，定位功能可以是其中的一个可选功能。为了支持完整的通信功能，5G终端需要支持完整的协议栈功能。参阅图2，目前5G终端的协议栈功能可以包含传输长期演进***定位协议(long term evolution positioning protocol，LPP)层功能、非接入层(non-access stratum，NAS)层功能、无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)层功能、分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)层功能、无线链路层控制协议(radio link control，RLC)层功能、介质访问控制(medium access control，MAC)层功能和物理(physical，PHY)层功能。
表1给出了某个5G终端的示例性功耗分析。
表1：5G终端功耗分析
Figure PCTCN2022126814-appb-000001
Figure PCTCN2022126814-appb-000002
可以看出，深睡电流是影响5G终端的功耗/待机时长的一个重要因素。因此，5G终端的深睡电流越大，5G终端的功耗也越高，待机时间越短。然而，对于仅存在定位需求的终端来说，如不存在除基本定位功能之外的数据和信令传输需求的终端，目前的协议栈结构和功能过于繁杂，将会导致终端的操作复杂度和信令开销过大，从而导致终端的定位功耗过高。
有鉴于此，本申请实施例提供一种通信方法。该方法中，对终端的协议栈功能进行简化，以支持基本的定位功能。相较于目前的协议栈架构，简化协议栈功能一方面可以有效地实现相应功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储(如静态随机存取存储器(SRAM)、闪存(Flash)等)空间，从而降低终端的深睡电流；另一方面，可以有效地降低终端执行相应功能的复杂度和信令开销，从而达到降低终端功耗的目的。
在本申请实施例中，终端可以不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。例如，终端可以不具备接收或发送NAS消息的功能。换句话说，终端的协议栈可以不包含NAS层，或者说终端不具备NAS层的处理功能，或者说终端不支持NAS层的服务。又例如，终端可以不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。换句话说，终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层，或者说终端可以不具备LPP层的处理功能，或者说终端不支持LPP层的服务。
又例如，终端的协议栈可以包含RRC层，或者说终端可以具备发送或接收连接态信息的功能，或者说终端可以具备连接态信息传输的功能，但是终端可以不用于接收或发送连接态信息。其中，连接态信息包括连接态数据、信令和控制信息等。5G新无线(new radio，NR)网络支持3种RRC状态，包括RRC空闲态(RRC_IDLE)、RRC去激活态(RRC_INACTIVE)和RRC连接态(RRC_CONNECTED)。本申请实施例中，可以将终端处于RRC连接态时与基站交互的数据和信令看做是连接态信息或数据，可以将终端处于RRC连接态时与基站交互数据和信令的行为看做是连接态信息传输。
在终端接入网络，与服务基站建立RRC连接之后，当终端暂时没有数据传输需求时，为了节省能量与资源，网络会断开该终端的RRC连接，并释放相关无线资源，终端从RRC连接态转为RRC去激活态或RRC空闲态。当网络有数据要发送给该终端时，基站会发起寻呼。例如，基站可以广播寻呼消息。在本申请实施例中，终端可以不用于接收该寻呼消息。例如，终端的协议栈可以包含RRC层，终端可以支持RRC功能，但是终端可以不用于接收寻呼消息。
可选的，本申请实施例提供的终端可以只具备以下中的至少一项：PHY层功能、RRC层功能和MAC层功能。例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含PHY层功能，或者说终端可以只支持PHY层的服务。又例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含RRC层功能，或者说终端可以只支持RRC层的服务。再例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含MAC层功能，或者说终端可以只支持MAC层的服务。再例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含PHY层功能和RRC层功能，或者说终端可以只支持PHY层的服务和RRC层的服务。再例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含PHY层功能和MAC层功能，或者说终端可以只支持PHY层的服务和MAC层的服务。再例如，终端的协议栈功能可以只包含MAC层功能和RRC层功能， 或者说终端可以只支持MAC层的服务和RRC层的服务。
基于上述方案，对终端的协议栈或协议栈功能进行了简化，如终端可以不包括LPP层和/或NAS层，或者说对终端的功能进行了简化，因此可以降低终端的信令开销和处理复杂度，从而可以降低终端的功耗。
本申请实施例提供了对终端的协议栈或协议栈功能或者说对终端的功能进行简化的多个方案，以下分别进行介绍。
方案1：终端不具备LPP层功能。
终端不具备LPP层功能，如终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层，或者说终端的协议栈可以包含LPP层但是终端可以不用于接收或发送LPP消息。换句话说，终端可以只具备NAS功能、RRC层功能、PHY层功能、MAC层功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。又或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含NAS层、RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。
参阅图3A，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图。如图3A所示，终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层，终端的协议栈可以只包含NAS层、RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。因此，终端不具备LPP层功能，也就是终端不支持LPP层的服务，或者终端不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。
基于上述方案，终端可以不具备LPP层功能或者说终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层，因此对终端的协议栈或者终端的功能进行了简化，一方面可以减少或移除LPP层功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以减少终端的信令开销，如LPP消息的开销，也可以降低终端的处理复杂度，如LPP层功能的复杂度，从而降低终端的功耗。
方案2：终端不具备LPP层功能和NAS层功能。
终端不具备方案1中示出的LPP层功能以外，还可以不具备NAS层功能，如终端的协议栈可以不包含NAS层，或者说终端的协议栈可以包含NAS层但是终端可以不用于接收或发送NAS消息。
换句话说，终端可以只具备RRC层功能、PHY层功能、MAC层功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。又或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。
参阅图3B，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图。如图3B所示，终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层和NAS层，终端的协议栈可以包含RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。因此，终端不具备LPP层功能，也就是终端支持LPP层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。以及，终端不具备NAS层功能，也就是终端不具备支持NAS层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送NAS消息的消息。
基于上述方案，终端可以不具备LPP层功能和NAS层功能或者说终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层和NAS层，因此对终端的协议栈或者终端的功能进行了简化，一方面可以减少或移除LPP层功能和NAS层功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以减少终端的信令开销，如LPP消息和NAS消息的开销，还可以降低终端的处理复杂度，如LPP层和NAS层的复杂度，从而降低终端的功耗。相较于方案1，方案2中终端还可以不具备NAS功能，因此一方面可以进一步降低NAS层功能代码量和数据，可以进一步降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流。另一方面，也可以进一步降低终端 的信令开销，也就是NAS消息的开销，也可以进一步降低终端的处理复杂度，如NAS层的复杂度，从而进一步降低终端的功耗。
方案3：终端不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能和连接态信息传输的功能。
终端不具备方案2中示出的LPP层功能和NAS层功能以外，还可以不具备连接态信息传输的功能，如终端的协议栈不包含RRC层，或者说终端的协议栈可以包含RRC层但是终端可以不用于接收或发送连接态信息，或者说终端具备RRC层功能中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。例如，终端可以具备RRC层功能中移动性功能，如小区选择和小区重选，接收或发送测量报告、接收或发送测量报告和控制测量报告上报等功能。
换句话说，终端可以只具备PHY层功能、MAC层功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。以及RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。又或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层，但是终端不用于接收或发送连接态信息，也就是不具备连接态信息传输的功能。
参阅图3B，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图。如图3B所示，终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层和NAS层，终端的协议栈可以包含RRC层、PHY层、MAC层、PDCP层和RLC层。因此，终端不具备LPP层功能，也就是终端不支持LPP层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。以及，终端不具备NAS层功能，也就是终端不支持NAS层的服务，或者说终端具备接收或发送NAS消息的功能。如图3B所示，终端的协议栈虽然包括RRC层，但是终端可以不具备连接态信息传输的功能，或者说终端可以不用于接收或发送连接态信息。终端可以具备RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。
基于上述方案，终端可以不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能和连接态信息传输的功能或者说终端的协议栈可以不包含LPP层和NAS层，因此对终端的协议栈或者终端的功能进行了简化，一方面可以减少或移除LPP层功能、NAS层功能和RRC层功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以减少终端的信令开销，如LPP消息、NAS消息和连接态信息的开销，也可以降低终端的处理复杂度，如LPP层、NAS层和RRC层的复杂度，从而降低终端的功耗。相较于方案1和方案2，方案3中终端还可以不具备连接态信息传输的功能，因此一方面可以进一步减少RRC层功能的代码量和数据，进一步降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以进一步降低终端的信令开销，也就是连接态信息的开销，从而进一步降低终端的功耗。
方案4：终端不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态信息传输的功能和PDCP层功能。
终端不具备方案3中示出的LPP层功能、NAS层功能和连接态信息传输的功能以外，还可以不具备PDCP层功能，如终端的协议栈可以不包含PDCP层，或者说终端的协议栈可以包含PDCP层但是终端可以不用于执行PDCP层功能的操作。如互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)头压缩、加密和完整性保护等操作。
换句话说，终端可以只具备PHY层功能、MAC层功能和RLC层功能。以及RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。又或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含PHY层、 MAC层和RLC层。或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含RRC层、PHY层、MAC层和RLC层，但是终端不用于接收或发送连接态信息，也就是不具备连接态信息传输的功能。
参阅图3C，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图。如图3C所示，终端的协议栈可以不包括LPP层、NAS层和PDCP层，终端的协议栈可以包括RRC层、PHY层、MAC层和RLC层。因此，终端不具备LPP层功能，也就是终端不支持LPP层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。以及，终端不具备NAS层功能，也就是终端不支持NAS层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送NAS消息功能。不仅如此，终端不具备PDCP层功能，或者说终端不支持PDCP层的服务。如图3C所示，终端的协议栈虽然包括RRC层，但是终端可以不具备连接态信息传输的功能，或者说终端可以不用于接收或发送连接态信息。终端可以具备RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。
基于上述方案，终端可以不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态信息传输的功能和PDCP层功能或者说终端的协议栈可以不具备LPP层、NAS层和PDCP层，因此对终端的协议栈或者终端的功能进行了简化，一方面可以减少或移除LPP层功能、NAS层功能和RRC层功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以减少终端的信令开销，如LPP消息、NAS消息和连接态信息的开销，还可以降低终端的处理复杂度，如LPP层、NAS层、RRC层和PDCP层功能的复杂度，从而降低终端的功耗。相较于方案1至方案3，方案4中终端还可以不具备PDCP层功能，一方面可以进一步降低PDCP层代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以进一步降低终端的处理复杂度，从而可以进一步降低终端的功耗。
方案5：终端不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态信息传输的功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。
终端不具备方案4中示出的LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态信息传输的功能和PDCP层功能以外，还可以不具备RLC层功能，如终端的协议栈可以不包含RLC层，或者说终端的协议栈可以包含RLC层但是终端可以不用于执行RLC层功能的操作。如数据分段、数据重传和RLC重建等操作。
换句话说，终端可以只具备PHY层功能和MAC层功能。又或者说，终端可以指具备PHY层功能和MAC层功能，以及RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。又或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含PHY层和MAC层。或者说，终端的协议栈可以只包含RRC层、PHY层和MAC层，但是终端不用于接收或发送连接态信息，也就是不具备连接态信息传输的功能。
参阅图3D，为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的协议栈示意图。如图3D所示，终端的协议栈可以不包括LPP层、NAS层、PDCP层和RLC层，终端的协议栈可以包括RRC层、PHY层和MAC层。因此，终端不具备LPP层功能，也就是终端不支持LPP层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送LPP消息的功能。以及，终端不具备NAS层功能，也就是终端不支持NAS层的服务，或者说终端不具备接收或发送NAS消息的功能。不仅如此，终端不具备PDCP层功能，或者说终端不支持PDCP层的服务。此外，终端还不具备RLC层功能，或者说终端不支持RLC层的服务。如图3D所示，终端的协议栈虽然包括RRC层，但是终端可以不具备连接态信息传输的功能，或者说终端可以不用于接收或发送连接态信息。终端可以具备RRC层中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能。
基于上述方案，终端可以不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、连接态信息传输的功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能或者说终端的协议栈可以不具备LPP层、NAS层、PDCP层和RLC层，因此对终端的协议栈或者终端的功能进行了简化，一方面可以减少或移除LPP层功能、NAS层功能、RRC层功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能的代码量和数据，降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以减少终端的信令开销，如LPP消息、NAS消息和连接态信息的开销，还可以降低终端的处理复杂度，如LPP层、NAS层、RRC层、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能的复杂度，可以降低终端的功耗。相较于方案1至方案4，方案5中终端还可以不具备RLC层功能，一方面可以进一步减少RLC层功能的代码量和数据，进一步降低硬件存储空间，降低深睡电流；另一方面，可以进一步降低终端的处理复杂度，从而可以进一步降低终端的功耗。
需要说明的是，除上述方案1至方案5外，其余的协议栈功能简化或者协议栈简化组合也是可能的实现方式。例如，终端可以不具备LPP层功能、NAS层功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。
应当理解的是，上述方案1至方案5中，终端可以具备PHY层功能中的全部功能，终端也可以具备MAC层功能中的全部功能，终端也可以具备RRC功能中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能中的全部功能。
在一个示例中，可以对上述RRC层功能进行简化。例如，终端具备的RRC层功能中除连接态信息传输功能还不包含以下中的至少一项：接收寻呼消息的功能、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能、安全相关的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放信令无线承载(signalling radio bearer，SRB)的功能、移动性相关的功能、服务质量(quality of servis，QoS)管理功能、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复、从NAS层传输NAS消息到终端的功能、从终端传输NAS消息到NAS层功能。或者说，终端除了不具备连接态信息传输功能以外，还不具备RRC层功能中的接收寻呼消息的功能、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能、安全相关的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放SRB的功能、移动性相关的功能、QoS管理功能、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复、从NAS层传输NAS消息到终端的功能、从终端传输NAS消息到NAS层功能中的至少一项功能。其中，安全相关的功能可以包括如身份验证和密钥派生与管理等功能。移动性相关的功能可以包括移动性限制、时间订阅和通知、***内移动性更新和gNB之间的切换。
或者说，终端在不具备连接态信息传输的功能以外，还可以具备RRC层功能中除连接态信息传输功能以外的其他功能中的部分功能。例如，终端具备的RRC层功能中只包含广播***信息功能、建立或配置或保持或释放DRB的功能、发送或接收测量配置的功能和发送或接收测量报告的功能和控制测量报告上报的功能中的至少一项功能。或者说，终端具备RRC层功能中的广播***信息功能、建立、配置、保持或释放DRB的功能、发送或接收测量配置的功能、发送或接收测量报告的功能和控制测量报告上报的功能中的至少一项功能。
另一个示例中，可以对上述MAC层功能进行简化。例如，终端可以不具备MAC层功能中MAC层协议数据单元的复用和解复用功能、调度信息上报的功能、通过HARQ进行错误指示的功能、优先级处理的功能和填充padding的功能中的至少一项。
或者说，终端可以具备MAC层功能中的部分功能。例如，MAC层功能中的HARQ相关功能只包含简化的HARQ功能。如，HARQ相关功能中支持单个HARQ进程，不支 持多个HARQ进程，如不支持16个HARQ进程。也就是说，终端具备MAC层功能中的HARQ相关功能中只包含单个HARQ进程，或者说终端具备MAC层功能中单个HARQ进程的功能。
再一个示例中，可以对上述PHY层功能进行简化。例如，终端可以不具备PHY层功能中的闭环功率控制功能和多天线映射功能中的至少一项。
或者说，终端可以具备PHY层功能中的部分功能。例如，PHY功能中的调制编码功能可以只包含部分的调制编码方案(modulation and coding scheme，MCS)。例如，调制编码功能可以包含正交相移键控(quadrature phase shift keying，QPSK)、二进制相移键控(Bi Phase Shift Keying，BPSK)、π/2-BPSK、包含16种符号的正交幅度调制(Quadrature Amplitude Modulation，QAM)、包含64种符号的正交幅度调制、包含256种符号的正交幅度调制中的部分。也就是说，终端具备的PHY层功能中的调制编码功能可以只包含上述部分的MCS，或者说终端具备PHY层功能中部分功能项。这样，在保证基础调制编码功能的同时，可以最大幅度地降低PHY层功能中的调制编码功能对应的代码量和数据量，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
应当理解的是，上述部分的MCS功能中，目标码率可以是预定义的，或者是基站指示的。需要说明的是，目标码率可以只包含一个值。举例来说，终端具备的PHY层功能中QPSK调制编码功能。例如，目标码率可以是预定义的，如120。
可选的，PHY层功能中还可以包括调制映射(modulation mapper)功能、序列生成(sequence generation)功能、正交频分复用(orthogonal frequency division multiplexing，OFDM)基带信号生成(OFDM baseband signal generation)功能以及调制和上变频(modulation and upconversion)功能。也就是说，终端具备的PHY层功能中只包含上述单一的MCS以及调制映射功能、序列生成功能、OFDM基带信号生成功能以及调制和上变频功能。或者说，终端具备PHY层功能中单一MCS的功能以及调制映射功能、序列生成功能、OFDM基带信号生成功能以及调制和上变频功能。
在一个示例中，终端可以不具备用户面功能。换句话说，终端不支持传输用户数据的功能或服务。例如，终端不支持服务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)的功能或服务、或者不支持PDCP层传输用户数据和PDCP重建等。其中，SDAP的功能或服务可以包括建立QoS流与无线承载之间的映射。
可选的，本申请实施例提出的上述功能简化或者协议栈简化的终端还可以用于定位。或者说，上述功能简化或者协议栈简化的终端可以是定位终端。
基于上述终端，本申请实施例提出了一种通信方法。参阅图4，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图。以下将以终端以及基站为执行主体对本申请提出的通信方法进行介绍。可以理解，本申请提出的通信方法也可以由用于终端的装置或用于基站的装置，例如芯片执行。
S401：基站向第一终端发送配置信息。
相应的，第一终端接收配置信息。
其中，该配置信息可以是至少一个参考信号的配置信息。该至少一个参考信号可以用于定位，例如可以是定位参考信号。
上述配置信息可以是一组或多组参考信号的配置信息。其中，一组参考信号中可以包括一个或多个参考信号。可选的，每一组参考信号可以用于一次定位流程。
示例性的，上述配置信息可以包括至少一个参考信号的时频资源信息。例如，配置信息可以包括位置信息、间隔信息和周期信息中的一种或多种信息。可选的，配置信息还可以包括其他信息，如扰码信息、跳频信息、密度信息、预留时间信息、调谐时间信息和不同时发送信息中的一种或多种信息。
S402：第一终端发送至少一个参考信号。
相应的，基站接收至少一个参考信号。
例如，第一终端可以根据配置信息发送至少一个参考信号。如，第一终端可以根据配置信息中至少一个参考信号的时频资源信息，在相应的时频资源上发送至少一个参考信号。
基于图4示出的技术方案，功能简化或协议栈简化的第一终端可以用于定位，与现有终端相比，减少了信令开销和处理复杂度，降低了终端的深睡电流，从而可以减少终端的定位功耗，从而实现低功耗定位。与现有定位标签相比，如超宽带(ultra wide band，UWB)定位标签，可以与网络保持下行同步，因此可以有效提高网络中终端的容量，换句话说，可以提高同一时间可进行定位业务的终端数目。
可选的，基站可以测量第一终端发送的至少一个参考信号，并将该至少一个参考信号的测量结果发送给位置管理功能网元，如图1所示的LMF。其中，测量结果可以是PRS的信号与干扰噪声比(signal to interference plus noise ratio，SINR)、参考信号接收功率(reference signal receiving power，RSRP)、参考信号接收质量(reference signal receiving quality，RSRQ)、相对到达时间(relative time of arrival，RTOA)或者到达角(angle of arrival，AOA)。可选的，测量结果也可以是上述多个测量的量化结果。位置管理功能网元可以根据至少一个测量参考信号的测量结果确定第一终端的位置信息，从而实现对第一终端的定位。可选的，位置管理功能网元可以采用上行到达角(up link-angle of arrival，UL-AOA)定位技术，或者上行到达时间差(up link-time of arrival，UL-TDOA)定位技术或者其它定位技术处理得到第一终端的位置信息。需要说明的是，位置管理功能网元也可以采用其他的定位技术确定第一终端的位置信息，本申请不做具体限定。
可选的，上述配置信息可以包括定时提前信息。该定时提前信息可以用于指示实际发送上述至少一个参考信号的时域资源与配置信息指示的所述至少一个参考信号的时域资源的间隔。第一终端可以根据定时提前信息和配置信息发送至少一个参考信号。例如，第一终端可以根据定时提前信息和配置信息指示的至少一个参考信号的时频资源，在相应的时频资源上发送至少一个参考信号。
举例来说，参阅图5，假设定时提前信息中指示定时提前值为2个时隙，配置信息中指示参考信号A的时域资源为时隙4，频域资源为子载波2。那么第一终端可以在时隙2，以及子载波2发送参考信号A。
在一个示例中，基站可以广播配置信息。第一终端可以接收到基站广播的配置信息。例如，基站可以在物理广播信道(physical broadcast channel，PBCH)上广播配置信息。或者说，基站可以发送广播消息，该广播消息中包含配置信息，该广播消息可以在PBCH上发送。
另一个示例中，基站可以向第一终端发送配置信息。例如，基站可以在第一终端的随机接入过程中，向第一终端发送配置信息。举例来说，第一终端可以采用两步随机接入过程接入网络。基站可以通过两步随机接入的第二消息(message B，msg B)向第一终端发送配置信息。又例如，第一终端可以采用四步随机接入过程接入网络。基站可以通过四步 随机接入过程的第二消息(message 2，msg 2)向第一终端发送配置信息。或者，基站可以通过四步随机接入过程的第四消息(message 4，msg 4)向第一终端发送配置信息。
在上述方案中，基站可以向第一终端发送配置信息，可以达到定位第一终端的目的。另外，在随机接入过程中向第一终端发送配置信息的技术方案相较于基站广播配置信息的技术方案，可以让第一终端确定配置信息是发给自身的以减少信息的模糊性，如多个终端设备收到该广播的信息后如果均按照相同的配置信息发送参考信号，会造成资源冲突，也可以提高数据传输的安全性。
又一个示例中，基站可以通过中继设备向第一终端发送配置信息。其中，中继设备可以是基站，如图1中所示的网络设备102，或者中继设备也可以是终端或终端的一部分，如图1中所示的终端设备101或终端设备101的一部分。在本申请实施例中，中继设备与第一终端可以是一一对应的。例如，每一个第一终端可以通过一个中继设备与基站通信，每一个中继设备只能成为一个第一终端的中继设备。或者，中继设备与第一终端可以不是一一对应的。例如，每一个中继设备可以成为多个第一终端的中继设备，该多个第一终端可以通过同一个中继设备与基站通信。
应当理解的是，可以将一个中继设备与多个第一终端看作一个集成终端，该集成终端的控制主体和发射/接收装置是分开的。其中，控制主体可以实现上述中继设备的功能，发射/接收装置可以实现上述第一终端的功能。
本申请实施例中，以中继设备是终端为例进行说明，如中继设备可以是第二终端。基站可以向第二终端发送配置信息，第二终端可以将该配置信息发送给第一终端。
在本申请中，基站可以通过RRC消息或广播消息将信息发送给第二终端，如配置信息，第二终端可以通过侧行链路(side link)消息或短距离通信消息(如蓝牙、WiFi、WLAN等)将信息发送给第一终端。同样的，第一终端可以通过侧行链路消息或短距离通信消息将信息发送给第二终端，第二终端可以通过RRC消息将信息发送给基站。可选的，位置管理功能网元可以代替基站的功能，如位置管理功能网元可以将信息发送给第二终端，如配置信息。同样的，第二终端可以将从第一终端收到的信息发送给位置管理功能网元，如参考信号的测量结果。
需要说明的是，一种可能的情况中，第二终端可以向第一终端转发基站发送给第二终端的信息，如配置信息。另一种可能的情况中，基站可以将信息发送给第二终端，第二终端可以对信息进行相应的处理，并将信息发送给第一终端。例如，基站可以将配置信息发送给第二终端，第二终端可以对一条或多条所述配置信息进行处理，如过滤、整合或增加内容，第二终端可以将处理后的配置信息发送给第一终端。第一终端通过第二终端向基站发送信息同理。
在上述方案中，基站可以通过第二终端将配置信息发送给第一终端，由于第一终端的功能简化有可能导致安全功能简化或缺失，上述方式可以提高信息传输的安全性。另外，由于第一终端无需与网络直接通信，可以进一步降低第一终端的复杂度和信令开销，进而降低第一终端的功耗。
一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端发送第一信息。在一个示例中，第一终端可以向基站发送第一信息。第一终端可以在随机接入过程中向基站发送第一信息。例如，第一终端可以采用两步随机接入过程接入网络，第一终端可以通过两步随机接入过程中的第一消息(message A，msg A)向基站发送第一信息。又例如，第一终端可以采用四步随机接入过 程接入网络。第一终端可以通过四步随机接入过程中的第一消息(message 1，msg 1)向基站发送第一信息。或者，第一终端可以采用四步随机接入过程中的第三消息(message 2，msg 2)向基站发送第一信息。
另一个示例中，第一终端可以向第二终端发送第一信息，第二终端向基站发送该第一信息。
上述第一信息可以用于指示第一终端为定位终端。例如，可以是第一终端的标识信息。第一信息可以是随机数、设备出厂标识、移动设备国际身份码(international mobile equipment identity，IMEI)、国际移动用户识别码(international mobile subscriber identification number，IMSI)、临时移动用户标识(serving-temporary mobile subscriber identity，S-TMSI)、小区无线网络临时标识(cell-Radio network temporary identifier，C-RNTI)等其它可以唯一识别第一终端的信息，本申请不做具体限定。
可选的，上述第一信息可以是加密后的信息。例如，第一终端可以对第一信息进行加密，并发送加密后的第一信息。本申请实施例中对加密方法不做具体限定，例如可以采用非对称加密方法对第一信息进行加密。
在上述方案中，第一终端可以通过第一信息可以指示第一终端为定位终端，从而可以让基站为第一终端配置定位参考信号。
另一种可能的实现方式中，第一终端可以发送序列号。该序列号可以是第一终端的认证信息。例如，第一终端可以向基站发送序列号或者第一终端可以向第二终端发送序列号，可以参照前述第一终端发送第一信息实施。
可选的，上述序列号可以是随机数。第一终端在第一次发送序列号时，可以发送一个初始序列号。基站可以接收并存储该初始序列号。如果第一终端想要再次发送序列号，那么第一终端可以按照序列号的维护规则对初始序列号进行更新。第一终端可以发送更新后的初始序列号。基站也可以根据维护规则对初始序列号进行更新，并在接收到第一终端的更新后的初始序列号之后，对第一终端进行认证。其中，如果基站得到的更新后的初始序列号与接收到的更新后的初始序列号一致，则认为认证通过，反之如果不一致，则认为认证不通过。
其中，上述序列号的维护规则可以是网络指示的，也可以是协议预定义的，本申请不做具体限定。
举例来说，第一终端第一次发送的初始序列号为0。基站可以存储该初始序列号。预设规则可以是在每次发送序列号时，在初始序列号上加i，i可以是实数，如i＝1,2,3,4,…。以下，以i＝1为例进行说明。第一终端第二次发送序列号时，可以在初始序列号0上加1，也就是序列号为1。基站可以根据预设规则，在初始序列号上加1，也就是序列号为1。基站接收到第一终端第二次发送的序列号之后，可以对第一终端进行认证。如果第一终端第二次发送的序列号为1，则认为认证通过，如果第一终端第二次发送的序列号不为1，则可以认为认证不通过。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者说协议栈被简化有可能导致安全功能的简化或缺失，如网络对用户的身份认证功能缺失等，因此通过第一终端向基站发送序列号，以实现基站对第一终端进行认证的技术方案，如此，在保证基础调制编码功能的同时，可以最大幅度地降低PHY层功能中的调制编码功能对应的代码量和数据量，从而降低终端设备的功耗。
又一种可能的实现方式中，基站可以发送第二信息。例如，基站可以向第一终端发送第二信息，或者基站可以向第二终端发送第二信息，可以参照前述基站发送配置信息实施。
上述第二信息可以用于指示第一终端的服务基站。例如，第二信息可以是上述第一信息，或者第二信息可以是标识信息，如基站标识信息。或者，第二信息可以是其它能够指示第一终端的服务基站的标识信息，本申请不做具体限定。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者说协议栈被简化有可能导致安全功能的简化或缺失，如网络对用户的身份认证功能缺失等，因此通过基站向第一终端发送第二信息，以实现指示该基站为合法服务基站的技术方案，可以提高终端与网络进行信息交互的安全性。
在本申请实施例中，配置信息还可以包括参考信号发送持续时间。其中，参考信号发送持续时间可以理解为发送至少一个参考信号所持续的时长。参阅图6，假设配置信息中包括参考信号发送持续时间为50ms，那么第一终端发送至少一个参考信号的时长可以为50ms或者不超过50ms。假设至少一个参考信号的周期信息指示周期为1个时隙，也就是每隔一个时隙第一终端可以发送至少一个参考信号。应当理解的是，第一终端可以根据配置信息指示的至少一个参考信号的时频域资源发送至少一个参考信号。例如，第一终端可以按照配置信息指示的至少一个参考信号的时域资源位置、频域资源位置和周期信息，在相应的时频域资源上以及按照周期信息指示的周期发送至少一个参考信号。
基于上述方案，由于第一终端的功能或者协议栈被简化，有可能导致第一终端不具备连接态信息传输的功能，有可能导致终端无法与网络保持通信，如终端无法从网络接收控制信息等，从而导致终端不知道何时开始或停止传输，因此通过向第一终端指示参考信号发送持续时间的技术方案，可以限制第一终端发送参考信号的总时长，可以进一步降低终端的功耗。
在本申请实施例中，如上所述第一终端可以接入基站与基站进行通信，或者第一终端也可以通过第二终端与基站进行通信。以下，通过附图分别对两种通信方式进行解释和说明。
参阅图7，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图。该方法中，终端可以是功能简化或者协议栈简化的终端，终端可以执行图4示出的方法实施例中的第一终端的操作。其中，终端可以接入网络与基站进行通信。例如，终端可以通过四步随机接入或者两步随机接入过程接入网络与基站进行通信。在图7示出的实施例中，以终端通过四步随机接入过程接入网络为例进行说明。
S701：小区搜索。
终端可以通过接收主***信息块(master information block，MIB)、监听物理下行共享信道(physical downlink control channel，PDCCH)以及接收***信息(system information blocks，SIB)获得下行同步的信息。例如，跟踪参考信号(tracking reference signal，TRS)同步的信息和同步信号块(synchronization signal block，SSB)同步的信息。终端可以根据获得的下行同步的信息与基站进行下行同步。
S702：终端发送第一消息。
相应的，基站接收第一消息。
终端可以在物理随机接入信道(physical random access channel，PRACH)上发送随机接入请求。例如，可以发送第一消息。该第一消息中可以包含一个前导序列(preamble)。
S703：基站发送第二消息。
相应的，终端接收第二消息。
该第二消息中可以携带定时提前信息和用于发送第三消息的上行资源。
S704：终端发送第三消息。
相应的，基站接收第三消息。
例如，终端可以根据定时提前信息和S703中的上行资源，在相应的上行资源中发送第三消息。在一个示例中，第一消息中可以携带第一信息。该示例可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，第一终端发送第一信息的一种实现方式。另一个示例中，第一消息还可以携带序列号。该示例可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，第一终端发送序列号的一种实现方式。
S705：基站发送第四消息。
相应的，终端接收第四消息。
其中，第四消息中可以包括至少一个参考信号的配置信息。S704可以是S401的一种实现方式。在一个示例中，第四消息中可以携带第二信息。该示例可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，基站发送第二信息的一种实现方式。
S706：基站向位置管理功能网元发送第一信息和配置信息。
在S706中基站可以向位置管理功能网元发送S704中接收到的第一信息和S705中的配置信息。基站可以向位置管理功能网元指示该第一信息和配置信息是对应的，也就是告知位置管理功能网元为第一信息所指示的终端配置了如配置信息指示的至少一个参考信号。
其中，基站可以通过新无线定位协议(new radio positioning protocol annex，NRPPa)消息向位置管理功能网元发送第一信息和配置信息。
S707：终端发送至少一个参考信号。
例如，终端可以根据配置信息发送至少一个参考信号。S707可以是S402的一种实现方式。进一步的，终端可以根据配置信息和定时提前信息发送至少一个参考信号。
可选的，S705中的配置信息中可以包含参考信号发送持续时间。终端发送至少一个参考信号的总时长可以不超过参考信号发送持续时间，可以参照图4所示的方法实施例中的相关描述实施。
S708：基站向位置管理功能网元发送至少一个参考信号的测量结果。
S709：位置管理功能网元根据至少一个测量参考信号的测量结果确定第一终端的位置信息。
参阅图8，为本申请实施例提供的一种通信方法的示例性流程图。该方法中，第一终端可以是功能简化或者协议栈简化的终端。其中，第一终端无需直接和基站进行单播消息的发送和接收，无需发起完整的随机接入过程，可以通过中继设备与网络进行信息交互。
在图8所示的实施例中，以中继设备为终端，如第二终端为例进行说明。
S801：小区搜索。
终端可以通过接收MIB和监听PDCCH获得下行同步的信息。例如，TRS同步的信息和SSB同步的信息。
需要说明的是，在图8所示的实施例中由于第一终端通过第二终端与基站通信，因此一种可能的实现方式，在图8所示的实施例中第一终端无需接收SIB。
S802：第一终端向第二终端发送第一信息。
相应的，第二终端接收第一信息。
S803：第二终端向基站发送第一信息。
相应的，基站接收第一信息。
上述S802和S803可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，第一终端发送第一信息的一种实现方式。
在一个示例中，第一终端还可以向第二终端发送序列号，第二终端可以向基站发送前述序列号。该示例可以参照S802和S803实施，该示例可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，第一终端发送序列号的一种实现方式。
另一个示例中，与S702不同，第一终端可以无需向第二终端发送序列号，因为第二终端具有完备的协议栈功能或者说安全功能。
S804：基站向第二终端发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
相应的，第二终端接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
S805：第二终端向第一终端发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
相应的，第一终端接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
上述S804和S805可以是S401的一种实现方式。
在一个示例中，基站可以向第二终端发送第二信息，第二终端可以向第一终端发送前述第二信息。该示例可以参照S804和S805实施，该示例可以是图4所示的方法实施例中，基站发送第二信息的一种实现方式。
S806：基站向位置管理功能网元发送第一信息和配置信息。
上述S806可以参照S706实施。
S807：基站向第二终端发送第一终端的前导码信息。
相应的，第二终端接收第一终端的前导码信息。
S808：第二终端向第一终端发送前述前导码信息。
相应的，第一终端接收前导码信息。
上述S807和S808可以是第一终端获取前导码信息的具体实现方式。
S809：第一终端通过上述前导码信息发起随机接入过程。
例如，终端可以向基站发送随机接入请求，如msg1。该随机接入请求中可以携带前导码信息。
需要说明的是，与图7所示的实施例不同的是，图8所示的实施例中第一终端无需发起完整的随机接入过程，第一终端获取到定时提前信息即可。如第一终端可以不执行S703和S704。
S810：终端发送至少一个参考信号。
上述S810可以参照S706实施，S810可以是S402的一种实现方式。
另一种实现方式，第二终端也可以对至少一个参考信号进行测量，并将至少一个参考信号的测量结果发送给基站或者发送给LMF。第二终端对至少一个参考信号进行测量可以参照基站对至少一个参考信号进行测量实施。
S811和S812可以参照S708和S709实施。
需要说明的是，对于前述的各方法实施例，为了简单描述，故将其都表述为一系列的动作组合，但是本领域技术人员应该知悉，本申请实施例并不受所描述的动作顺序的限制，因为依据本申请实施例，某些步骤可以采用其他顺序或同时进行。其次，本领域技术人员 也应该知悉，说明书中所描述的实施例均属于优选实施例，所涉及的动作和模块并不一定是本申请实施例所必须的。
如图9所示，通信装置900包括处理单元910和收发单元920。通信装置900用于实现上述图4至图8中所示的方法实施例中第一终端、第二终端和基站的功能。
当通信装置900用于实现第一终端的功能时：收发单元920，用于接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息。处理单元910，用于生成至少一个参考信号。收发单元920，还用于根据所述配置信息发送所述至少一个参考信号。其中，通信装置900不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：非接入层NAS消息、传输长期演进***定位协议LPP消息、连接态数据和寻呼消息。
在一种设计中，上述通信装置900不具备以下至少一项：NAS层功能、LPP层功能、连接态发送信息的功能、连接态接收信息的功能、PDCP层功能和RLC层功能。
在一种设计中，上述通信装置900只具备以下至少一项：PHY层功能、RRC层功能和MAC层功能。
在一种设计中，PHY层功能不包括以下至少一项：闭环功率控制功能和多天线映射功能。
在一种设计中，MAC层功能不包括以下至少一项：MAC层协议数据单元的复用和解复用功能、调度信息上报的功能、通过HARQ进行错误指示的功能、优先级处理的功能和填充的功能。
在一种设计中，RRC层功能不包括以下至少一项：接收寻呼消息的功能、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放信令无线承载的功能、QoS管理功能、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复的功能、从NAS层传输NAS消息到第一终端设备的功能和从第一终端设备传输NAS消息到NAS层功能。
在一种设计中，PHY层功能中的调制编码功能只包括以下的一项：QPSK调制、二进制BPSK调制、π/2-BPSK调制、16QAM调制、64QAM调制和256QAM调制。
在一种设计中，MAC层功能只支持单个HARQ进程。
在一种设计中，RRC层功能只包括以下至少一项：接收广播***信息的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放数据无线承载的功能、发送或接收测量配置的功能、发送或接收测量报告的功能和控制测量报告上报的功能。
在一种设计中，上述通信装置900不具备用户面功能。
在一种设计中，至少一个参考信号用于定位。
在一种设计中，收发单元920还用于：发送第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。
在一种设计中，收发单元920还用于：发送序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920还用于：接收定时提前信息。收发单元920具体用于：根据配置信息和定时提前信息发送至少一个参考信号。
在一种设计中，收发单元920还用于：接收第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
在一种设计中，第一信息为步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者在四步随机接入过程中的第三消息携带的信息。或者，第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920还用于：接收第二终端设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。或者，接收网络设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
在一种设计中，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第四消息携带的信息。或者，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
当通信装置900用于实现第二终端的功能时：收发单元920，用于接收网络设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息。处理单元910，确定至少一个参考信号的配置信息所对应的第一终端设备。收发单元920，还用于向确定的第一终端设备发送配置信息。其中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：接收第一终端设备发送的第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。向网络设备发送第一信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于接收网络设备发送的第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。向第一终端设备发送第二信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：接收第一终端设备发送的序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。向网络设备发送序列号。
当通信装置900用于实现基站的功能时：收发单元920，用于接收第一信息，第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端。处理单元910，用于生成至少一个参考信号的配置信息。收发单元920，还用于发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。其中，第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：接收序列号，序列号为第一终端设备的认证信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：发送定时提前信息，定时提前信息用于指示第一终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的提前时间。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：发送第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：接收第一终端设备发送的第一信息。或者，接收第二终端设备发送的第一信息。
在一种设计中，收发单元920，还用于：向第一终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。向第二终端设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
在一种设计中，第一信息为步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者在四步随机接入过程中的第三消息携带的信息。或者，第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。在一种设计中，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者四步随机接入过程中的第四消息携带的信息。或者，至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
在一种设计中，配置信息包括至少一个参考信号的持续时长。收发单元920接收至少一个参考信号的时长不超过持续时长。
有关上述处理单元910和收发单元920更详细的描述可以直接参考图4～图8所示的方法实施例中相关描述直接得到，这里不加赘述。
如图10所示，通信装置1000包括处理器1010和接口电路1020。处理器1010和接口 电路1020之间相互耦合。可以理解的是，接口电路1020可以为收发器或输入输出接口。可选的，通信装置1000还可以包括存储器1030，用于存储处理器1010执行的指令或存储处理器1010运行指令所需要的输入数据或存储处理器1010运行指令后产生的数据。
当通信装置1000用于实现图4至图8所示的方法时，处理器1010用于实现上述处理单元910的功能，接口电路1020用于实现上述收发单元920的功能。
当上述通信装置为应用于终端的芯片时，该终端芯片实现上述方法实施例中第一终端或第二终端的功能。该终端芯片从终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是基站发送给终端的；或者，该终端芯片向终端中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是终端发送给基站的。
当上述通信装置为应用于基站的模块时，该基站模块实现上述方法实施例中基站的功能。该基站模块从基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)接收信息，该信息是终端发送给基站的；或者，该基站模块向基站中的其它模块(如射频模块或天线)发送信息，该信息是基站发送给终端的。这里的基站模块可以是基站的基带芯片，也可以是DU或其他模块，这里的DU可以是开放式无线接入网(open radio access network，O-RAN)架构下的DU。
图11为本申请实施例提供的一种终端的结构示意图。终端1100包括基带处理模块1110，射频处理模块1120和天线1130。基带处理模块1110用于对基带信号进行处理，具体可以包括对下行信号进行解调、译码以及上行信号进行编码和调制。基带处理模块1110具体可以为基带芯片。射频处理模块1120用于对射频信号进行处理，具体可以包括对上下行信号进行模拟域滤波以及对上下行信号进行功率放大。也就是说射频处理模块1120包括上述方法实施例中所描述的模拟域滤波器。射频处理模块1120具体可以为射频芯片。天线1130用于从空间中接收无线电波转变成下行信号后发送给射频处理模块1120，或者将来自射频处理模块1120的上行信号转变成无线电波发射到空间中。
可以理解的是，本申请的实施例中的处理器可以是中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，还可以是其它通用处理器、数字信号处理器(Digital Signal Processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)、现场可编程门阵列(Field Programmable Gate Array，FPGA)或者其它可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件，硬件部件或者其任意组合。通用处理器可以是微处理器，也可以是任何常规的处理器。
本申请还提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序或指令，当该计算机程序或指令被运行时，实现前述方法实施例中由网络设备或终端设备所执行的方法。这样，上述实施例中所述功能可以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器ROM、随机存取存储器RAM、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
本申请还提供一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，当该计算机程序代码在计算机上运行时，使得该计算机执行前述任一方法实施例中由终端设备或网络设备所执行的方法。
本申请还提供一种***，***包括执行前述第一终端设备和前述网络设备。或者，***包括前述第一终端设备、前述第二终端设备和前述网络设备。
本申请实施例还提供了一种处理装置，包括处理器和接口；所述处理器用于执行上述任一方法实施例所涉及的终端设备或网络设备所执行的方法。
本申请的实施例中的方法步骤可以通过硬件的方式来实现，也可以由处理器执行软件指令的方式来实现。软件指令可以由相应的软件模块组成，软件模块可以被存放于随机存取存储器、闪存、只读存储器、可编程只读存储器、可擦除可编程只读存储器、电可擦除可编程只读存储器、寄存器、硬盘、移动硬盘、CD-ROM或者本领域熟知的任何其它形式的存储介质中。一种示例性的存储介质耦合至处理器，从而使处理器能够从该存储介质读取信息，且可向该存储介质写入信息。当然，存储介质也可以是处理器的组成部分。处理器和存储介质可以位于ASIC中。另外，该ASIC可以位于基站或终端中。当然，处理器和存储介质也可以作为分立组件存在于基站或终端中。
在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机程序或指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序或指令时，全部或部分地执行本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、网络设备、用户设备或者其它可编程装置。所述计算机程序或指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机程序或指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线或无线方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是集成一个或多个可用介质的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带；也可以是光介质，例如，数字视频光盘；还可以是半导体介质，例如，固态硬盘。该计算机可读存储介质可以是易失性或非易失性存储介质，或可包括易失性和非易失性两种类型的存储介质。
在本申请的各个实施例中，如果没有特殊说明以及逻辑冲突，不同的实施例之间的术语和/或描述具有一致性、且可以相互引用，不同的实施例中的技术特征根据其内在的逻辑关系可以组合形成新的实施例。
本申请中，“至少一个”是指一个或者多个，“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”，描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B的情况，其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。在本申请的文字描述中，字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系；在本申请的公式中，字符“/”，表示前后关联对象是一种“相除”的关系。“包括A，B和C中的至少一个”可以表示：包括A；包括B；包括C；包括A和B；包括A和C；包括B和C；包括A、B和C。
还应理解，在本申请中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下网元会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求网元实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
可以理解的是，在本申请的实施例中涉及的各种数字编号仅为描述方便进行的区分，并不用来限制本申请的实施例的范围。上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定。

Claims (36)

  1. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第一终端设备接收至少一个参考信号的配置信息；
    所述第一终端设备根据所述配置信息发送所述至少一个参考信号；
    其中，所述第一终端设备不接收或发送以下至少一项：非接入层NAS消息、传输长期演进***定位协议LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备不具备以下至少一项功能：NAS层功能、LPP层功能、连接态发送信息的功能、连接态接收信息的功能、分组数据汇聚协议PDCP层功能和无线链路控制RLC层功能。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备只具备以下至少一项功能：
    物理PHY层功能、无线接入与控制RRC层功能和介质访问控制MAC层功能。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RRC层功能不包括以下至少一项：接收寻呼消息的功能、与网络建立或保持或释放RRC连接的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放信令无线承载的功能、服务质量QoS管理功能、无线电链路故障的检测和恢复的功能、从NAS层传输NAS消息到所述第一终端设备的功能和从所述第一终端设备传输NAS消息到NAS层功能。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MAC层功能不包括以下至少一项：MAC层协议数据单元的复用和解复用功能、调度信息上报的功能、通过混合自动重传请求HARQ进行错误指示的功能、优先级处理的功能和填充的功能。
  6. 根据权利要求3～5任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PHY层功能不包括以下至少一项：闭环功率控制功能和多天线映射功能。
  7. 根据权利要求3～6任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述RRC层功能只包括以下至少一项：接收广播***信息的功能、建立或配置或保持或释放数据无线承载的功能、发送或接收测量报告的功能和控制测量报告上报的功能。
  8. 根据权利要求3～7任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述MAC层功能只包括单个混合自动重传HARQ进程。
  9. 根据权利要求3～8任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述PHY层功能中的调制编码功能只包括以下的一项：正交相移监控QPSK调制、二进制相移监控BPSK调制、π/2-BPSK调制、包含16种符号的正交幅度16QAM调制、包含64种符号的正交幅度64QAM调制和包含256种符号的正交幅度256QAM调制。
  10. 根据权利要求1～9任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备不具备用户面功能。
  11. 根据权利要求1～10任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个参考信号用于定位。
  12. 根据权利要求1～11任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一终端设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一终端设备为定位终端。
  13. 根据权利要求1～12任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一终端设备发送序列号，所述序列号为所述第一终端设备的认证信息。
  14. 根据权利要求1～13任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一终端设备接收定时提前信息；
    所述第一终端设备根据所述配置信息发送所述至少一个参考信号，包括：
    所述第一终端设备根据所述配置信息和所述定时提前信息发送所述至少一个参考信号。
  15. 根据权利要求1～14任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第一终端设备接收第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
  16. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息为四步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者第三消息携带的信息，或者，所述第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。
  17. 根据权利要求1～16任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一终端设备接收所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息，包括：
    所述第一终端设备接收第二终端设备发送的所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息；或者，
    所述第一终端设备接收网络设备发送的所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者第四消息携带的信息，或者，所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
  19. 根据权利要求1～18任一所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述配置信息包括所述至少一个参考信号的持续时长；
    所述第一终端设备发送所述至少一个参考信号的时长不超过所述持续时长。
  20. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网络设备接收第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示第一终端设备为定位终端；
    所述网络设备发送至少一个参考信号的配置信息；
    其中，所述第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述网络设备接收序列号，所述序列号为所述第一终端设备的认证信息。
  22. 根据权利要求20或21所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述网络设备发送定时提前信息，所述定时提前信息用于指示所述第一终端设备发送所述至少一个参考信号的提前时间。
  23. 根据权利要求20～22任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述网络设备发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述第一终端设备的服务网络设备。
  24. 根据权利要求20～23任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备接收第一信息，包括：
    所述网络设备接收所述第一终端设备发送的所述第一信息；或者
    所述网络设备接收第二终端设备发送的所述第一信息。
  25. 根据权利要求20～24任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网络设备发送至少一个参 考信号的配置信息，包括：
    所述网络设备向所述第一终端设备发送所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息；或者
    所述网络设备向第二终端设备发送所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息。
  26. 根据权利要求24所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一信息为四步随机接入过程中的第一消息或者第三消息携带的信息，或者，所述第一信息为两步随机接入过程中的第一消息携带的信息。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的方法，其特征在于，所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息为四步随机接入过程中的第二消息或者第四消息携带的信息，或者，所述至少一个参考信号的配置信息为两步随机接入过程中的第二消息携带的信息。
  28. 根据权利要求20～27任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述配置信息包括所述至少一个参考信号的持续时长；
    所述网络设备接收所述至少一个参考信号的时长不超过所述持续时长。
  29. 一种通信方法，其特征在于，包括：
    第二终端设备接收网络设备发送的至少一个参考信号的配置信息；
    所述第二终端设备向第一终端设备发送所述配置信息；
    其中，所述第一终端设备不用于接收或发送以下至少一项：NAS消息、LPP消息、连接态信息和寻呼消息。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第二终端设备接收所述第一终端设备发送的第一信息，所述第一信息用于指示所述第一终端设备为定位终端；
    所述第二终端设备向所述网络设备发送所述第一信息。
  31. 根据权利要求29或30所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第二终端设备接收所述网络设备发送的第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示所述第一终端设备的服务网络设备；
    所述第二终端设备向所述第一终端设备发送所述第二信息。
  32. 根据权利要求29～31任一所述的方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    所述第二终端设备接收所述第一终端设备发送的序列号，所述序列号为所述第一终端设备的认证信息；
    所述第二终端设备向所述网络设备发送所述序列号。
  33. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行如权利要求1～19中任一项所述的方法的模块，或者包括用于执行如权利要求20～28中任一项所述的方法的模块，或者包括用于执行如权利要求29～32中任一项所述的方法的模块。
  34. 一种通信装置，其特征在于，所述通信装置包括处理器和存储器，所述存储器用于存储计算机程序或指令，所述处理器用于执行存储器中的所述计算机程序或指令，使得权利要求1～19中任一项所述的方法被执行，或使得权利要求20～28中任一项所述的方法被执行，或使得权利要求29～32中任一项所述的方法被执行。
  35. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述存储介质中存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令被通信装置执行时，实现如权利要求1～19中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求20～28中任一项所述的方法，或实现如权利要求29～32中任一项所述的方法。
  36. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括：计算机程序代码，所述计算机程序代码被计算机运行时，使得所述计算机执行权利要求1～19中任一项所述的方法，或使得权利要求20～28中任一项所述的方法，或使得权利要求29～32中任一项所述的方法。
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US20170353354A1 (en) * 2015-01-12 2017-12-07 Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) Communication Device, Gateway Node and Methods for Preparing a Point-to-Point Session
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