WO2021218826A1 - 透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆 - Google Patents

透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2021218826A1
WO2021218826A1 PCT/CN2021/089377 CN2021089377W WO2021218826A1 WO 2021218826 A1 WO2021218826 A1 WO 2021218826A1 CN 2021089377 W CN2021089377 W CN 2021089377W WO 2021218826 A1 WO2021218826 A1 WO 2021218826A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
light
lens unit
lens
section
lighting module
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/089377
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张洁
陈佳缘
周浩
董世琨
祝贺
桑文慧
Original Assignee
华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202023252420.9U external-priority patent/CN214501089U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011589522.1A external-priority patent/CN113958921A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202011592501.5A external-priority patent/CN113531477A/zh
Priority claimed from CN202023252577.1U external-priority patent/CN215372308U/zh
Application filed by 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 filed Critical 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司
Priority to US17/922,143 priority Critical patent/US20230213777A1/en
Priority to JP2022561004A priority patent/JP7490808B2/ja
Priority to EP21797143.1A priority patent/EP4130853A4/en
Publication of WO2021218826A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021218826A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0033—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use
    • G02B19/0047—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source
    • G02B19/0061—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED
    • G02B19/0066—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the use for use with a light source the light source comprising a LED in the form of an LED array
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/09—Beam shaping, e.g. changing the cross-sectional area, not otherwise provided for
    • G02B27/0938—Using specific optical elements
    • G02B27/0977—Reflective elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/143—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being parallel to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/147—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device
    • F21S41/148—Light emitting diodes [LED] the main emission direction of the LED being angled to the optical axis of the illuminating device the main emission direction of the LED being perpendicular to the optical axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/141—Light emitting diodes [LED]
    • F21S41/151—Light emitting diodes [LED] arranged in one or more lines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/26—Elongated lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/27—Thick lenses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/20—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by refractors, transparent cover plates, light guides or filters
    • F21S41/25—Projection lenses
    • F21S41/275—Lens surfaces, e.g. coatings or surface structures
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/321—Optical layout thereof the reflector being a surface of revolution or a planar surface, e.g. truncated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/60—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution
    • F21S41/65—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources
    • F21S41/663—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by a variable light distribution by acting on light sources by switching light sources
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B19/00—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics
    • G02B19/0004—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed
    • G02B19/0028—Condensers, e.g. light collectors or similar non-imaging optics characterised by the optical means employed refractive and reflective surfaces, e.g. non-imaging catadioptric systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/30—Collimators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F21W2102/14—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions having vertical cut-off lines; specially adapted for adaptive high beams, i.e. wherein the beam is broader but avoids glaring other road users
    • F21W2102/145—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions having vertical cut-off lines; specially adapted for adaptive high beams, i.e. wherein the beam is broader but avoids glaring other road users wherein the light is emitted between two parallel vertical cutoff lines, e.g. selectively emitted rectangular-shaped high beam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2102/00—Exterior vehicle lighting devices for illuminating purposes
    • F21W2102/10—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light
    • F21W2102/13—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region
    • F21W2102/135—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions
    • F21W2102/155—Arrangement or contour of the emitted light for high-beam region or low-beam region the light having cut-off lines, i.e. clear borderlines between emitted regions and dark regions having inclined and horizontal cutoff lines

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a vehicle optical element, in particular, to a lens unit.
  • a lens unit in particular, to an optical lens having the aforementioned lens unit, an illumination module having the aforementioned optical lens, a vehicle lamp having the aforementioned illumination module, and a vehicle having the aforementioned vehicle lamp.
  • Vehicle lights refer to lamps on vehicles. They are lighting tools for vehicles running on the road at night, as well as reminders for sending various vehicle driving signals. They play a very important role in ensuring the safe driving of vehicles. With the development of society and economy, the automobile industry also develops. With the continuous development of automobile lighting technology, more requirements are put forward for the functions of automobile lights.
  • collimating optical elements are usually set to obtain approximately parallel outgoing light, such as a hyperboloid collimating lens.
  • the curved surface is a revolving curved surface based on the optical axis of the lens, and its imaging characteristics It is isotropic.
  • the lighting shape of car lights has anisotropic requirements, for example, the upper and lower lighting angles are small, and the left and right lighting angles are large; for this reason, the lighting system of car lights based on the above-mentioned collimating lens, such as spherical lens, requires special design of additional optical systems.
  • a basic light shape with a certain width is formed, and then imaged onto the road surface through a collimating lens.
  • This kind of vehicle lighting system has a relatively complicated structure. In the light distribution process, it is necessary to take into account the additional optical system and the light entrance surface and light exit surface of the lens. The light distribution process is complicated and cumbersome for the surface shape of the optical surface.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the first aspect of the present invention is to provide a lens unit that can meet the requirements of the anisotropy of the light shape of the vehicle lamp illumination, form an asymmetric light shape, and meet the needs of a narrow and long shape.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the second aspect of the present invention is to provide an optical lens, the light-emitting surface of the optical lens has a small vertical dimension, which can meet the requirements of a narrow and long shape, and has high optical efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the third aspect of the present invention is to provide a lighting module, which has an optical lens with a small size in the vertical direction, which meets the needs of the shape of the car light and the narrow and long appearance of the car light, and the structure is simplified and integrated. High degree, high optical efficiency.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the fourth aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle lamp which has a long and narrow appearance.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the fifth aspect of the present invention is to provide a vehicle whose vehicle lamp has a long and narrow shape.
  • the first aspect of the present invention provides a lens unit, which includes a light incident portion with a first unidirectional collimation and a light exit portion with a second unidirectional collimation, so as to form an asymmetric light shape.
  • the asymmetric light shape is a rectangular light shape.
  • the light-incident portion is a curved surface formed by stretching its cross-section in the first direction along its cross-section in the direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the light-emitting portion is formed by the cross-section in the first direction.
  • the light incident part and the light output part are both cylindrical or quasi-cylindrical.
  • both the light incident portion and the light exit portion are cylindrical surfaces.
  • the light incident part and the light output part are both stepped Fresnel cylinders.
  • one of the light entrance portion and the light exit portion is a cylindrical surface, and the other is a stepped Fresnel cylindrical surface.
  • one of the collimation direction of the light incident portion and the collimation direction of the light output portion is a vertical direction, and the other is a horizontal direction.
  • it further includes a reflection part arranged to be able to reflect the light incident from the light entrance part toward the light exit part.
  • the light-incident part, the reflective part and the light-exit part are sequentially connected to form a bent structure.
  • a second aspect of the present invention provides an optical lens, including a plurality of lens units according to any one of the above technical solutions, each of the lens units is arranged in the left-right direction, and each of the light-emitting parts is connected to form a light-emitting surface.
  • At least one of the light incident portions is provided with or integrally formed with a region III forming structure.
  • the region III forming structure is a groove, and a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions and/or strips extending along the width direction of the groove are sequentially arranged or integrally formed in the groove along the length direction of the groove.
  • Strip depression is sequentially arranged or integrally formed in the groove along the length direction of the groove.
  • a third aspect of the present invention provides a lighting module, including the optical lens described in any one of the above technical solutions and a plurality of light sources, and the light sources are arranged correspondingly to the light-incident part so as to enable the light source to emit The light enters the optical lens through the corresponding light incident part.
  • it further includes a plurality of primary optical elements corresponding to each of the light sources one-to-one, and the primary optical elements are arranged to be capable of converging and projecting the light emitted by the light source to the corresponding light-incident part and introducing it into the light source. Mentioned optical lens.
  • the primary optical element is a mirror.
  • the reflector is a parabolic reflector or a parabolic-like reflector, and a low-beam cutoff structure is provided on the boundary of the reflector close to the side of the corresponding light source.
  • the low-beam cut-off structure includes a main low-beam cut-off line structure and an auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure, and the main low-beam cut-off line is provided on the boundary of the plurality of reflectors close to the corresponding side of the light source The structure and/or the auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure.
  • the main low-beam cut-off line structure is a broken line segment formed by connecting straight and/or curved segments with a step difference
  • the auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure is a straight line or a curve segment.
  • the light incident part includes a main low beam incident part corresponding to the main low beam cut-off line structure and an auxiliary low beam incident part corresponding to the auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure.
  • the included angle is 0.2° ⁇ 1°.
  • each of the light incident parts is respectively arranged corresponding to a plurality of the reflecting mirrors.
  • the light source is located in the focal area of the corresponding primary optical element.
  • the distance between the light-emitting center of the light source and the focal point of the corresponding primary optical element is ⁇ 2 mm.
  • a fourth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle lamp, including the lighting module and a circuit board according to any one of the above technical solutions, and the light source is installed on the circuit board.
  • the circuit board includes a mounting surface for mounting the light source, and an included angle between the mounting surface and the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to 5°.
  • the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a vehicle including the vehicle lamp according to any one of the above technical solutions.
  • the light incident part of the lens unit of the present invention can be collimated in the first single direction and the light output part can be collimated in the second single direction, which can reduce the size of the lens unit while meeting the requirements of light shape, optical performance, and optical efficiency.
  • the upper and lower dimensions of the light exit part; specifically, the first unidirectional collimation of the light entrance part means that in the first direction cross-section, the cross section of the light entrance part in the first direction is a convex curve, which has a converging effect, and has a convergent effect on the light
  • the degree of deflection is large, and it can have a certain collimation effect on the divergent light.
  • the section of the light incident part in this direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the light incident part
  • the ability to deflect divergent rays is far inferior to the ability of the light incident section to deflect divergent rays in the first direction section, and does not have a collimating effect.
  • the light incident section has a single direction for divergent rays within the first direction section position range.
  • the collimation effect that is, the light incident part mainly deflects the light in the first direction.
  • the second unidirectional collimation of the light-emitting part means that in the second-direction section, the section line of the light-emitting part in the second direction is a convex curve, which has a convergence effect and has a greater degree of deflection to the light, which can be used to diverge light. It has a certain collimation effect.
  • the section line of the light exiting part in this direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the deflection ability of the light exiting part for diverging light is far less than in the second direction
  • the deflection ability of the diverging light in the section of the light-emitting part does not have a collimating effect.
  • the light-emitting part has a single-direction collimating effect on the light within the range of the cross-sectional position in the second direction, that is, the light-emitting part mainly treats the light in the second direction.
  • the emitted light can be expanded in the second direction to meet the requirements of light shape and optical performance.
  • This structural design makes the imaging magnification of the light input part to the light source in the first direction larger than the imaging magnification of the light output part to the light source in the second direction, so that the light source can form a rectangular illumination light shape through the lens unit , Allowing the size of the light-emitting part of the lens unit in the vertical direction to be less than or equal to 20mm, thereby meeting the needs of narrow and long vehicle lights.
  • the lens unit of the present invention can independently adjust the surface shape of the two optical surfaces of the light entrance part and the light exit part, which greatly simplifies the light adjustment steps in the light distribution process, and ensures the same light Under the premise of effectiveness, the upper and lower dimensions of the light emitting part of the lens unit are effectively reduced.
  • the light entrance part, the reflection part and the light exit part are sequentially connected to form a bending structure, which can reduce the size of the lens unit in the front and rear direction, thereby reducing the overall size of the lens unit, facilitating miniaturization and high integration.
  • the III-zone forming structure is arranged on the light incident part to avoid interference between the III-zone forming structure and other parts, which improves the flexibility of the arrangement of the internal parts of the vehicle lamp, and the optical performance is stable.
  • the low-beam cutoff structure is provided on the boundary of the reflector near the light source side, which can omit the existing shading plate structure; on the whole, the lighting module of the present invention has a compact structure, high integration, fewer module parts, and a simplified structure. .
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional optical path of a lens unit according to a first specific embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 is a screen illuminance diagram of a light shape formed by a lens unit according to a specific embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is a screen illuminance diagram of the light shape when the existing lens images a square light-emitting surface
  • FIG. 4 is a top view of the lens unit in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 5 is a front view of the lens unit in FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 6 is one of the schematic diagrams of the optical path of the lens unit of the second specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is the second schematic diagram of the optical path of the lens unit of the second specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional light path of an illumination module according to a third embodiment of the present invention, wherein the lens unit adopts the lens unit of the first embodiment;
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the light shape effect of the illumination module according to the third specific embodiment of the present invention, in which the lens unit adopts the lens unit of the first specific embodiment;
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional optical path of a lens unit according to a fourth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional light path of an illumination module according to a fifth specific embodiment of the present invention, in which the lens unit adopts the lens unit of the third specific embodiment;
  • Fig. 12 is a front view of a lens unit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 13 is a left side view of a lens unit according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional optical path of a lens unit according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 16 is one of the three-dimensional structural schematic diagrams of the lighting module according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 17 is the second schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the lighting module according to the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a reflector in an eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 19 is a schematic rear view of the reflector of the eighth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic structural diagram of a lighting module according to an eighth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 21 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line A-A in Figure 20;
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the direction of the main dipped beam of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of the main low beam light shape of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of the direction of auxiliary low beam rays in the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 25 is a schematic diagram of the auxiliary low beam light shape of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 26 is a schematic diagram of a complete low beam light shape of the eighth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 27 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle lamp in a ninth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 28 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line B-B in Figure 27;
  • FIG. 29 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to a tenth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 30 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-C in Figure 29;
  • Figure 31 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line D-D in Figure 29;
  • 32 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens according to an eleventh specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lighting module according to a twelfth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 34 is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the lighting module of the twelfth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • 35 is the second structural diagram of the lighting module of the twelfth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 36 is a cross-sectional view in the direction of E-E in Figure 35;
  • FIG. 37 is one of the schematic diagrams of the high beam light shape of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 38 is the second schematic diagram of the high beam shape of the twelfth embodiment of the present invention.
  • 39 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an optical lens according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Fig. 40 is a partial enlarged view of part F in Fig. 39;
  • 41 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an optical lens according to a thirteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 42 is a cross-sectional view in the G-G direction in Figure 41;
  • Figure 43 is a partial enlarged view of part H in Figure 42;
  • FIG. 44 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lens unit according to a fourteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lighting module according to a fifteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 46 is a schematic structural diagram of a lighting module according to a fifteenth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 47 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line I-I in Figure 46;
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lighting module according to a sixteenth specific embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 49 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an optical lens according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 50 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical lens according to a seventeenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 51 is a cross-sectional view along the J-J direction in Figure 50;
  • Figure 52 is a cross-sectional view of the K-K direction in Figure 50;
  • FIG. 53 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a lighting module according to an eighteenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection or a detachable connection.
  • the connection may be an integral connection; it may be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it may be a communication between two elements or an interaction relationship between two elements.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.
  • front and rear refer to the front and rear directions of the lens unit along the light emitting direction. It is roughly the same as the front and rear direction of the vehicle; the term “left and right” refers to the left and right direction of the lens unit itself, which is usually roughly the same as the left and right direction of the vehicle; the term “up and down” refers to the up and down direction of the lens unit itself, usually The upper and lower directions are roughly the same; for example, referring to FIG. 28, the primary optical element 7 is located above, and correspondingly, the heat sink 9 is located below.
  • the lens unit of the basic embodiment of the present invention includes a light incident portion 1 with a first unidirectional collimation and a second
  • the unidirectionally collimated light emitting part 2 can form an asymmetric light shape.
  • the first unidirectional collimation of the light incident portion 1 means that in the first direction cross-section, the section of the light incident portion 1 in the first direction is a convex curve, which has a convergence effect and has a greater degree of deflection of light. Large, it can have a certain collimating effect on divergent light.
  • the section line of the light incident part 1 in this direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the light incident part 1 is opposite to the divergent light.
  • the deflection ability of the light incident part 1 is far inferior to the deflection ability of the divergent light in the first direction section
  • Straightening effect that is, the light entrance part 1 mainly deflects light in the first direction
  • the light exit part 2 has a second unidirectional collimation means: in the second direction section, the light exit part 2 in the second direction
  • the section line is a convex curve, which has a converging effect, and has a greater degree of deflection of the light. It can have a certain collimation effect on the diverging light.
  • the section of the light exit 2 in this direction The line is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the deflection ability of the light emitting portion 2 to divergent light is far less than the deflection ability of the light emitting portion to the divergent light in the second direction section, and it has no collimating effect, and the light emitting portion 2 is in the second direction.
  • this structural design makes the imaging magnification of the light input part 1 to the light source in the first direction greater than the imaging magnification of the light output part 2 to the light source in the second direction, so that the light source can pass through the lens unit
  • An asymmetric light shape is formed, allowing the size of the light emitting part of the lens unit in the vertical direction to be less than or equal to 20mm, thereby meeting the needs of narrow and long vehicle lights.
  • the "asymmetric light shape” mainly refers to the difference in the length and width of the light shape. Large, like a rectangular light shape. Compared with the conventional spherical lens in the prior art, due to its isotropic imaging characteristics, it forms a square light shape as shown in FIG.
  • the structural characteristics of the lens unit of the present invention make it have anisotropic imaging characteristics.
  • It can form the rectangular light shape shown in Figure 2, with obvious asymmetry; moreover, the surface shape of the two optical surfaces of the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 can be adjusted independently, which simplifies the dimming in the light distribution process Steps, under the premise of ensuring the same light effect, the upper and lower dimensions of the light emitting part of the lens unit can be smaller.
  • the light incident portion 1 and the light output portion 2 of the lens unit are arranged in the front-to-rear direction; at this time, the collimation direction of the light incident portion 1 is limited to the horizontal direction or
  • the vertical direction correspondingly, defines the collimation direction of the light exit portion 2 in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction; in order to facilitate the understanding of the technical concept of the present invention and simplify the description, the following mainly uses the collimation direction of the light entrance portion 1 to be limited to the horizontal direction.
  • the direction and the collimation direction of the light emitting portion 2 are limited to the vertical direction as an example to describe the lens unit of the present invention.
  • the section line of the light incident part 1 in the horizontal direction is a convex curve, which has a convergent effect, has a large degree of deflection of light, and can have a certain collimation effect on divergent light.
  • the vertical section of the light incident section 1 is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the light incident section 1 is far less capable of deflecting divergent light than in the horizontal section.
  • the light section 1 has no collimating ability for the deflection of divergent light.
  • the light incident section 1 mainly deflects the light in the horizontal direction; for the same reason, referring to Figure 7, in the vertical section, the light exit section 2
  • the section line in the vertical direction is a convex curve, which has a convergent effect and a greater degree of light deflection, which can have a certain collimation effect on divergent light.
  • the light exiting part 2 is in the horizontal direction.
  • the section line is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the deflection ability of the light exiting part 2 to divergent light is far inferior to the deflection ability of the light exiting part to the diverging light in the vertical section, and it has no collimating effect.
  • the light exiting part 2 mainly The light is deflected in the vertical direction, which can expand the emitted light in the vertical direction; this structural design makes the horizontal imaging magnification of the light input part 1 to the light source larger than that of the light output part 2 to the light source.
  • the imaging magnification in the straight direction so that the light source can form an asymmetric light shape, such as a rectangular light shape, through the lens unit, allowing the size of the light output part of the lens unit in the vertical direction to be less than or equal to 20mm, so as to meet the narrow and long shape of the car lamp Demand.
  • the asymmetry of the asymmetric light shape formed by the above technical solution is caused by the difference in focal lengths on both sides of the lens unit.
  • the asymmetric light shape mainly refers to the rectangular light shape, which can also be said to be the same as the light incident part 1 and the light exit.
  • the ratio of part 2 to the magnification of the light shape is related, and the ratio of the magnification depends on the distance between the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2. The larger the distance, the greater the ratio, the more obvious the asymmetry; compare Figure 1 and As shown in Fig. 10, a small ratio can reduce the thickness of the lens unit.
  • the light incident portion 1 can be regarded as a curved surface formed by stretching a section line in the horizontal direction along the section line in the vertical direction.
  • the section line of the light incident section 1 in the horizontal direction is It is a kyphotic curve, and its vertical section is a straight line.
  • the kyphotic curve is stretched along the straight line to form the light entrance part 1.
  • the light exit part 2 can be regarded as a vertical section.
  • the vertical cross-section of the light-emitting portion 2 is a convex curve
  • the horizontal cross-section is a straight line.
  • the curve is stretched along the straight line to form the light emitting part 2; the above-mentioned front convexity and back convexity are all the curves relative to the concave and convex of the lens entity.
  • one of the light entrance portion 1 and the light exit portion 2 is a cylindrical surface, the other is a cylindrical surface, or both are cylindrical or cylindrical; the cylindrical surface can be understood as such an optical Curved surface:
  • the cross section of the light incident part 1 in the horizontal direction is a convex curve.
  • the light has a certain collimation effect.
  • the cross-section of the light incident part 1 in the vertical direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the light incident part 1 has a greater ability to deflect divergent rays.
  • the light incident section 1 has a unidirectional collimation effect on the divergent light within the horizontal section position range, that is, the light incident section 1 is mainly It deflects the light in the horizontal direction; wherein the horizontal section of the cylindrical surface formed by the light incident part 1 is preferably a circular arc.
  • the section of the light incident part 1 in the horizontal direction does not have to be a circle
  • the arc shape for example, forms a cylindrical surface
  • the “cylindrical surface” refers to a curved surface close to a cylindrical surface in shape, and also has a technical effect similar to the above-mentioned cylindrical surface.
  • the same principle is also applicable to the cylindrical structure or the cylindrical structure formed by the light emitting portion 2.
  • the cross section of the light emitting portion 2 in the vertical direction is a convex curve, which has a convergent effect, has a greater degree of deflection of light, and can have a certain collimation effect on divergent light.
  • the cross-section line of the light emitting part 2 in the horizontal direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the deflection ability of the light emitting part 2 to divergent light is far inferior to that of the light emitting part 2 in the vertical section.
  • the light emitting part 2 has a single direction collimating effect on the light within the vertical cross-sectional position range, that is, the light emitting part 2 mainly deflects the light in the vertical direction.
  • the cross-section of the cylindrical surface formed by the light-emitting portion 2 in the vertical direction is preferably a circular arc shape.
  • the cross-section of the light-emitting portion 2 in the vertical direction does not have to be a circular arc.
  • the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 can also be stepped Fresnel cylinders.
  • the "stepped Fresnel cylinder” refers to the use of Fresnel curve stretching It has a unidirectional collimation effect on light rays.
  • the "Fresnel curve” refers to the plane passing through the optical axis of the Fresnel lens and the surface of the Fresnel lens with multiple concentric circles. The shape of the intersection is the same or similar to the shape of the curve.
  • the stepped Fresnel cylinder structure is the same as the above-mentioned cylindrical structure to collimate light.
  • the stepped Fresnel cylinder formed by the light entrance part 1 and the stepped Fresnel cylinder formed by the light exit part 2 are arranged as The mutually perpendicular form can also form an asymmetric light shape.
  • the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 adopt a cylindrical surface or a stepped Fresnel cylinder are respectively described above. It can be understood that the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 can be simply Deformation.
  • the light incident part 1 is a cylindrical surface and the light output part 2 is a stepped Fresnel cylinder, or the light incident part 1 is a stepped Fresnel cylinder and the light output part 2 is a cylindrical surface.
  • the azimuths can be perpendicular to each other.
  • the above description of the optical lens of the present invention takes the collimation orientation of the light incident part 1 in the horizontal direction and the collimation orientation of the light exit part 2 in the vertical direction as examples.
  • each specific embodiment is also applicable to When the collimation orientation of the light incident part 1 is in the vertical direction and the collimation orientation of the light output part 2 is in the horizontal direction, for example, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, from the perspective of the arrangement orientation of the optical lens in FIG.
  • the collimation orientation of the cylindrical surface on the light portion 1 is in the vertical direction
  • the collimation orientation of the cylindrical surface on the light exit portion 2 is in the horizontal direction.
  • the collimation direction of the light emitting portion 2 is usually limited to the vertical direction.
  • a reflecting part 3 can also be provided on the lens unit to change the arrangement of the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 in the front-to-rear direction, so that the light incident from the light entrance part 1 can be reflected by the reflecting part 3 toward the light exit Part 2, thereby reducing the size of the lens unit of the present invention in the front-to-rear direction.
  • the light-emitting direction of the light-emitting portion 2 of the lens unit of this embodiment faces forward, that is, the "second direction" is approximately the same as the vertical direction, and the light-emitting portion 2 has a unidirectional collimation of the diverging light Optical characteristics, the light incident direction of the light incident portion 1 of the lens unit of this embodiment faces upward or downward. It should be noted that the orientation of the light incident direction of the light incident portion 1 of the lens unit of this embodiment is not limited to vertical In the direction, according to the light distribution needs, it can also have a certain angle with the vertical direction.
  • the light incident from the light incident part 1 is reflected by the reflecting part 3 toward the light emitting part 2, and
  • the light incident portion 1 of the lens unit of this embodiment is different from the light incident portion 1 of the lens unit shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 in the direction of the light incident, and both have the same optical effect. That is to say, the light incident part 1 of the lens unit of this embodiment is obtained by mirroring the light incident part 1 of the lens unit shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 with respect to the reflecting part 3. After being collimated upward, it is reflected by the reflecting part 3 and then exits in the horizontal direction.
  • the section line of the light incident part 1 of the lens unit of this embodiment in the first direction is a convex curve, which has a convergent effect, has a greater degree of deflection of light, and can have a certain collimating effect on divergent light.
  • the cross section of the light incident portion 1 in the vertical direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the light incident section 1 has a much lower deflection ability for divergent rays than in the first direction section.
  • the deflection ability of section 1 for divergent light does not have a collimating effect.
  • the light incident section 1 has a unidirectional collimation effect on the divergent light within the cross-sectional position range of the first direction.
  • the light output part 2 is There is a single-direction collimation effect on the light within the cross-sectional position range of the second direction, so that the imaging magnification of the light input part 1 to the light source in the first direction is greater than the imaging magnification of the light output part 2 to the light source in the second direction,
  • the light source can form a rectangular illumination light shape through the lens unit, and at the same time, the light emitting portion 2 of the lens unit can have a smaller size in the vertical direction, such as a lens unit with a vertical size of 15 mm and a horizontal size of 60 mm.
  • the lens unit is preferably a bent structure.
  • the light incident part 1, the reflection part 3, and the light output part 2 are sequentially connected to form a bent structure.
  • the reflecting part 3 is arranged obliquely, so that the light entrance part 1 and the light exit part 2 are connected through the reflecting part 3 to present a bent shape, which can reduce the size of the lens unit in the front and rear direction, facilitate miniaturization design, and facilitate the arrangement in the vehicle lamp.
  • the reflection part 3 and the light incident part 1 and/or the reflection part 3 and the light output part 2 do not have to be directly connected together as shown in FIG. It is only necessary that the light is reflected toward the light-emitting portion 2 and the light-incident portion 1, the reflective portion 3, and the light-emitting portion 2 are spatially arranged in a bent shape.
  • the light incident portion 1 can be regarded as a curved surface formed by stretching its section line in the first direction along its section line in the direction perpendicular to the first direction.
  • the light incident section The section line of 1 in the first direction is a convex curve
  • the section line in the direction perpendicular to the first direction (the front and back direction shown in the figure) is a straight line
  • the light emitting part 2 can be regarded as A curved surface formed by stretching the section line in the second direction along the section line in the direction perpendicular to the second direction, that is, a curved surface formed by stretching in the left-right direction.
  • the light emitting portion 2 The section line in the second direction is a convex curve
  • the section line in the left and right direction is a straight line.
  • the lens units may be linearly arranged in the left and right directions to form an optical lens, and the light emitting parts 2 are connected to form the light emitting surface 4.
  • the arrangement of the lens units is not limited to the linear arrangement.
  • the lens units are arranged offset from each other to form a curved structure, and the lens unit in the middle is positioned closer to the lens units on both sides.
  • Front or back forming a non-linear distribution convex forward or backward, so that the light-emitting surface 4 is formed as a curved surface, preferably a smooth curved surface.
  • the region III forming structure 5 may be provided in the light incident part 1.
  • the number of the III region forming structures 5 can be designed according to needs, such as one, two or more, in one light incident part 1 or more
  • the light section 1 is provided with or integrally formed with a region III forming structure 5, which is used to form an important part of the low-beam shape called "Area III", and the III-zone is located above the low-beam cut-off line.
  • the light projected to this area mainly illuminates the objects located above the road such as signs, so that the driver can obtain information such as signs.
  • the region III forming structure 5 is a groove formed by recessing into the interior of the optical lens.
  • the length of the groove is arranged in the horizontal direction, and the front and rear direction section of the groove is arc-shaped, so that it hits the III region.
  • the light forming structure 5 can be diffused along the height of the vehicle; in addition, the structure of the lens forming the light shape of the low beam III zone is simple and does not occupy space other than the optical lens, so that the optical lens forming the light shape of the low beam III zone can be used in Under the condition that the position and quantity of the parts in the lamp are constantly changing, the structure 5 formed in the III zone is avoided from interfering with other parts, and the flexibility and optical stability of the arrangement of the parts in the lamp are improved.
  • the implementation method of integrally forming the light incident portion 1 is adopted to set the III region forming structure 5, which can make the overall structure stronger, less susceptible to damage, and longer service life.
  • a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions extending along the width direction (up and down direction) of the groove are sequentially arranged or integrally formed in the groove along its length direction.
  • the raised part and/or the strip-shaped recessed part is concave toward the inside of the optical lens and convex toward the outside of the optical lens;
  • the width of the light shape in the low beam zone III is larger, the light shape is more uniform and the light shape illuminance can be reduced to the range required by regulations, which can provide the driver with a wider lighting range, and is more conducive to the driver to see the signs on both sides of the road. Brand; and the integrated design makes the III zone forming structure 5 less susceptible to damage than other manufacturing methods, and has a longer service life.
  • the optical lens of the present invention can be combined with the light source 6 to form a lighting module.
  • the optical lens can be directly used as a primary optical element, so that the light sources 6 and the light incident parts 1 are arranged correspondingly.
  • the light source 6 is arranged near the focal point or focus area of the optical lens.
  • the optical lens of the present invention can also be used as a secondary optical element.
  • the primary optical element 7 condenses the light emitted by the light source 6 to the focal point or focal area of the optical lens, and then injects the light into the optical lens. lens.
  • the optical lens of the present invention may be composed of a lens unit, thereby forming the lighting module as shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 8, FIG. 10, FIG. 11, FIG. 15, FIG. 45, or FIG. 48.
  • the primary optical element 7 is provided with a low-beam cutoff structure, so that the low-beam shape as shown in FIG. 9 can be formed.
  • each light source 6 is arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each primary optical element 7, and the light source 6 is arranged at the focal point of the corresponding primary optical element 7.
  • the primary optical element 7 can be arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with each light incident part 1, so that the primary optical element 7 can converge and project the light emitted by the light source 6 to the corresponding light incident part 1, and then introduce the light into the optical lens.
  • the primary optical element 7 may be an optical element such as a reflector, a condenser, or a condenser cup.
  • the primary optical element 7 may be a mirror.
  • the reflector is a parabolic reflector or a parabolic-like reflector, and a low-beam cutoff structure is provided on the boundary on the side close to the corresponding light source 6.
  • the low-beam cut-off structure includes a main low-beam cut-off line structure 71 and an auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure 72
  • the main low-beam cut-off line structure 71 is used to form the low-beam light shape in Figure 23 has an inflection point cut-off
  • the partial low beam shape of the line for ease of description, can be referred to as the main low beam shape, which is the central area light shape of the low beam shape
  • the auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure 72 is used to form the low beam shape as shown in Fig.
  • part of the low-beam light shape with a horizontal cut-off line can be referred to as the auxiliary low-beam light shape, which can expand the widening of the low-beam light shape; for the convenience of description, take two mirrors as an example, one mirror
  • the border on the side close to the corresponding light source 6 forms the main low-beam cut-off line structure 71, and the border of the other reflector close to the side corresponding to the light source 6 forms the auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure 72.
  • the light emitted by one light source 6 After being reflected by the reflector with the main low beam cut-off line structure 71, it enters the optical lens through the corresponding light entrance part 1, and then is projected to the front of the vehicle by the light exit part 2, forming a low beam light shape similar to that shown in Figure 23.
  • the main low-beam shape of the inflection point cut-off line At the same time, referring to Fig. 24, the light emitted by the other light source 6 is reflected by the reflector with the auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure 72, and then enters the optical lens through the corresponding light-incident part 1.
  • the light exit part 2 is projected to the front of the vehicle to form an auxiliary low beam shape similar to the horizontal cut-off line shown in FIG.
  • the light entrance portion 1 corresponding to the light cut-off line structure 71 has a larger curvature, which makes the left and right angles of the light exiting the light exit portion 2 spread larger, thereby expanding the light shape.
  • the number of mirrors with the main low-beam cut-off line structure 71 and the number of the mirrors with the auxiliary low-beam cut-off line structure 72 can be set as needed; of course, it can also be set only with the main low-beam cut-off
  • the reflector of the line structure 71 is combined with the existing car lamp module, and the existing car lamp module forms the auxiliary low beam shape in the low beam shape to expand the widening of the low beam shape; or, it can only
  • a reflector with an auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure 72 is provided, combined with the existing car lamp module, the existing car lamp module forms the main low beam light shape in the low beam light shape to obtain a complete low beam light shape .
  • the light entrance part 1 can be divided into a main low beam entrance part 11 and an auxiliary low beam entrance part 12, the main low beam entrance part 11 is arranged corresponding to the main low beam cut-off line structure 71, and the auxiliary low beam entrance part 12 is provided corresponding to the auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure 72; further, the section line of the main low beam entrance portion 11 in the direction perpendicular to the first direction and the auxiliary low beam entrance portion 12 are in contact with the first The angle between the cut lines in the direction perpendicular to the direction is 0.2° to 1°.
  • the first direction is the horizontal direction
  • the cross-section of the main low beam entrance portion 11 in the vertical direction and the auxiliary low beam entrance portion 12 in the vertical direction There is an included angle between the cut lines, and the included angle ranges from 0.2° to 1°, which can make the incident light of the main low beam entrance part 11 refracted by the light exit part 2 and then be deflected upward, making the main low beam light closer to the inflection point and cut off Line, increase the amount of light near the cut-off line at the inflection point, improve the low-beam lighting effect, and make the low-beam visibility better.
  • the vertical section of the auxiliary low-beam entrance part 12 extends in the vertical direction
  • the cross-section line of the low beam light incident portion 11 in the vertical direction is inclined by 0.2° to 1° with respect to the vertical direction.
  • the main low beam cut-off line structure 71 is a polyline segment formed by connecting straight and/or curved segments with a step difference, that is, the polyline segment may include two straight line segments with a step difference, or two A curve segment with a step difference may also include a straight line segment and a curve segment with a step difference, and the auxiliary low beam cut-off line structure 72 is a straight line or a curve segment, that is, a straight line or a curve segment without a step.
  • the illumination module of the present invention can also be applied to the high-beam illumination module, the reflector does not need to be provided with a cut-off structure, the focal point of the optical lens can be set on the reflecting surface of the reflector, and the light emitted by the light source 6 passes through
  • the reflector reflects to the light entrance part 1 of the optical lens and exits from the light exit part 2 to form a long and narrow high beam light shape; in addition, the illumination module of the present invention can also have both high beam and low beam functions, that is, form far and near beams.
  • the integrated lighting module sets the relative positions of the light source 6 and the reflector corresponding to the part of the light incident part 1 of the optical lens of the present invention as shown in FIG.
  • the other part of the mirror corresponding to the light incident part 1 does not need to be provided with a cut-off structure, and the functions of high beam and low beam are realized by controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding light source 6.
  • each light incident part 1 can be arranged corresponding to multiple reflectors to form a high-beam lighting module.
  • This structural design can enable car lights to achieve ADB adaptive high beam function, for example, when the high beam lighting module of the present invention is applied to a specific vehicle, the reflectors are arranged in a row along the left and right directions, and the light incident parts 1 are also arranged in a row along the left and right directions; Control the on and off of each light source 6.
  • the high beam shape as shown in Figure 37 can be formed.
  • the corresponding light sources 6 can be controlled to turn off, so that the high-beam light-shaped area corresponding to the detected position of other users on the road forms a dark area, thereby avoiding dazzling other users on the road and preventing safety accidents. happened.
  • Each light incident part 1 corresponds to the arrangement of multiple mirrors, each mirror corresponds to the light shape of an area, combined with the control of each light source 6, so that the area corresponding to each mirror can form a dark area, and realize ADB adaptation High beam function; moreover, because the light entrance part 1 mainly deflects the light in the horizontal direction, the light exit part 2 mainly deflects the light in the vertical direction, so that the light entrance part 1 is horizontal to the light source 6
  • the imaging magnification in the vertical direction is greater than the imaging magnification of the light emitting portion 2 to the light source 6 in the vertical direction, so that the light source 6 can form a rectangular illumination light shape through the optical lens.
  • Spherical lens is greater than the imaging magnification of the light emitting portion 2 to the light source 6 in the vertical direction, so that the light source 6 can form a rectangular illumination light shape through the optical lens.
  • this utility model reduces the upper and lower dimensions of the optical lens, that is, allows the upper and lower dimensions of the light emitting portion 2 to be set to a range of less than or equal to 20mm, thereby obtaining a narrow and long high beam illumination module
  • higher optical efficiency can be obtained; for example, if the upper and lower dimensions of the light emitting part 2 are designed to be 15mm, the optical efficiency can reach 44-50% (including external distribution loss).
  • This kind of optical efficiency The lens opening equivalent to the prior art achieves an optical efficiency of 30 mm or more (especially 40 mm or more).
  • the lighting module of this embodiment is used for low-beam lighting and includes a primary optical element 7 and an optical lens.
  • the optical lens includes a plurality of Lens units connected in different directions.
  • the lens unit includes a first unidirectional collimated light incident portion 1, a reflective portion 3, and a second unidirectional collimated light emitting portion 2, each of the light emitting portions 2 is connected to form a light emitting surface 4, each The reflecting parts 3 are connected to form a reflecting surface 30. After the light emitted by the light source 6 is reflected by the corresponding primary optical element 7, it is directed to the light incident part 1 of the optical lens in an approximately parallel beam.
  • the reflecting surface 30 is arranged obliquely to make the optical lens curved.
  • the folded shape can reduce the size of the lighting module in the front-to-rear direction; referring to FIG. 47, a low-beam cutoff structure can be provided on the front boundary of the primary optical element 7 (the boundary of the primary optical element 7 on the side close to the light source 6), or, A light-shielding plate or other light-shielding element with a low-beam cut-off structure is arranged between the primary optical element 7 and the light incident portion 1 of the optical lens, so as to realize the low-beam illumination function.
  • the primary optical element 7 is preferably a parabolic mirror or a parabolic-like mirror.
  • the optical lens of the above embodiment can also be used for high-beam illumination.
  • Figure 48 provides an embodiment for high-beam illumination.
  • the main difference from the above-mentioned optical module for low-beam illumination is that:
  • the cut-off structure and the III region formation structure 5 are not provided.
  • the optical lens of the present invention can also be used in a far and near beam integrated lighting module.
  • the relative positions of the primary optical element 7 and the light source 6 corresponding to the partial light entrance portion 1 of the optical lens of the present invention are set as shown in FIG. 45.
  • the front boundary of the primary optical element 7 is provided with a low-beam cutoff structure.
  • the primary optical element 7 corresponding to the other part of the light incident portion 1 of the optical lens of the present invention is not provided with a cutoff structure, and its relative position with the light source 6 is set as shown in Fig. 48 , By controlling the opening and closing of the corresponding light source 6, the high beam and low beam functions are realized.
  • the optical lens is in a bent shape.
  • it can be the upward bending arrangement shown in Figures 44 to 49, or the downward bending shown in Figure 53.
  • the layout method of the installation is selected according to the actual installation situation.
  • FIGS. 49 and 50 provide a specific structural form of an optical lens.
  • the reflecting parts 3 are connected to form a reflecting surface 30, and the light incident parts 1 are connected sequentially along the left and right directions; of course, the optical lens can also be Other specific structural forms, for example, a gap is formed between the lens units, that is, the light incident parts 1 are arranged at intervals along the left and right directions, and a wedge-shaped gap is also formed between the reflecting parts 3, and the wedge-shaped gap is from the light incident part 1 to the light exit surface.
  • the four directions are gradually reduced, so that there is no crossover between the light incident parts 1, and the independence of the illumination area corresponding to each light incident part 1 and the light effect of each illumination area are ensured.
  • the optical lens is specially designed so that the light entrance part 1 has the optical characteristic of unidirectionally collimating the light in the first direction, and the light exit part 2 has the optical characteristic of collimating the light unidirectionally in the second direction.
  • first unidirectional collimation can be understood as follows: in the first direction cross-section, the section of the light incident portion 1 in the first direction is a convex curve, which has a converging effect and has a convergent effect on the light The degree of deflection is relatively large, and it can have a certain collimation effect on the divergent light.
  • the section of the light incident part 1 in the vertical direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that The deflection ability of the light incident part 1 for divergent light is far less than the deflection ability of the light incident part 1 for divergent light in the first direction section, and it has no collimation effect.
  • the divergent light has a unidirectional collimation effect, that is, the light incident part 1 mainly deflects the light in the first direction; similarly, the “second unidirectional collimation” can be understood as follows:
  • the section line of the light emitting part 2 in the second direction is a convex curve, which has a convergent effect and has a greater degree of deflection of light, which can have a certain collimation effect on divergent light.
  • the cross section of the light emitting portion 2 in the vertical direction is a straight line or almost a straight line, so that the deflection ability of the light emitting portion 2 to divergent light is far less than that of the light emitting portion 2 in the second direction cross section.
  • the light exiting part 2 has a single-direction collimating effect on the light within the cross-sectional position range of the second direction, that is, the light exiting part 2 mainly deflects the light in the second direction;
  • the vertical direction of the light emitting part 2 is approximately the same as the vertical direction of the car lamp
  • the light incident part 1 has an impact on the divergent light within the cross-sectional position range of the first direction.
  • the light output part 2 has a single-direction collimation effect on the light within the cross-sectional position range of the second direction, so that the imaging magnification of the light input part 1 to the light source in the first direction is greater than that of the light output part 2
  • the imaging magnification of the light source in the second direction, so that the light source 6 forms a rectangular illuminating light shape through the optical lens, and at the same time, the light-emitting portion 2 of the optical lens can have a smaller size in the vertical direction, for example, the vertical size of the light-emitting surface 2 15mm, 60mm left and right size optical lens, when the optical lens of the present invention is applied to a specific vehicle, it can make the vehicle's lamp in the vertical direction of the appearance of the opening size is smaller, such as headlamps, in line with the market The trend of narrow and long shapes.
  • the primary optical element 7 can also be other primary optical elements such as a condenser;
  • the light source 6 can be a semiconductor light source, such as an LED light source and a semiconductor laser light source.
  • the LED light source has gradually replaced the traditional light source.
  • the LED light source is not only energy-saving and environmentally friendly. , And long service life, high brightness, stable performance, and high luminous purity. Therefore, vehicle lighting devices based on LED light sources have broad development prospects; and semiconductor laser light sources, because of their strong directionality, are not easy to diverge, and are easier Make the light avoid the parts that may interfere with it.
  • the light emitting center of the light source 6 is set in the focal area of the corresponding primary optical element 7, and the focal area is the area near the focal point including the focal point.
  • the light-emitting center of the light source 6 can be set at the focal point of the primary optical element 7.
  • the light-emitting center of the light source 6 can also deviate from the above-mentioned focal point by a certain distance, such as the light-emitting center of the light source 6 and the primary optical element 7.
  • the distance between the focal points is less than or equal to 2mm.
  • the primary optical element 7 is preferably a reflector, and the reflector can be a parabolic reflector or a parabolic-like reflector.
  • the lighting module of the present invention can also be installed in a car lamp, so that the upper and lower dimensions of the appearance of the car lamp are designed to be less than or equal to 20mm.
  • the upper and lower dimensions of the light emitting surface 2 are designed to be 15mm, and the optical efficiency can reach 44-50%. (Including external distribution loss), this optical efficiency is equivalent to the optical efficiency of the prior art lens opening to achieve 30mm or more (especially 40mm or more); further, the above-mentioned car lights are applied to specific vehicles to meet the needs of the market. The needs of vehicles with long and narrow lights, at the same time, will not affect the light shape, optical performance, and optical efficiency.
  • the design of the bending structure of the optical lens of the present invention reduces the size of the lighting module in the front and rear directions, facilitates the miniaturization of the vehicle lamp, and facilitates the layout design of the vehicle lamp in the vehicle.
  • the lighting module of the present invention is installed in a vehicle lamp.
  • the light source 6 is installed on the circuit board 8.
  • the light source 6 is installed on the mounting surface of the circuit board 8.
  • the angle is preferably greater than or equal to 5°, as shown in Figure 28.
  • the embodiment is 20°, that is, the angle between the mounting surface on the circuit board 7 for installing the light source 1 and the horizontal direction is ⁇ 5°.
  • the circuit board 7 is also connected to the heat sink 8 to dissipate the heat generated by the circuit board 7.
  • the vehicle lamp of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned lighting module, for the corresponding vehicle lamp design, the vehicle lamp can have a flat and wide appearance shape, for example, the vehicle headlight has a narrow and long shape.
  • the vehicle of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned vehicle lamp, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought about by the technical solution of the above-mentioned vehicle lamp embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Non-Portable Lighting Devices Or Systems Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

一种透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆，透镜单元包括具有第一单方向准直的入光部（1）和具有第二单方向准直的出光部（2），以能够形成非对称光形。透镜单元能够满足车灯照明光形各向异性的要求，形成非对称光形，满足窄长造型的需求。

Description

透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2020年04月30日提交的中国专利申请202010367179.X、2020年12月29日提交的中国专利申请202011589522.1、2020年12月29日提交的中国专利申请202011592501.5、2020年12月29日提交的中国专利申请202023252577.1以及2020年12月29日提交的中国专利申请202023252420.9的权益，上述申请的内容通过引用被合并于本文。
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆光学元件，具体地，涉及一种透镜单元。此外，还涉及一种具有上述透镜单元的光学透镜，具有上述光学透镜的照明模组、具有上述照明模组的车灯以及具有上述车灯的车辆。
背景技术
车灯就是指车辆上的灯具，是车辆夜间行驶在道路上的照明工具，也是发出各种车辆行驶信号的提示工具，在确保车辆安全行驶方面具有非常重要的作用。随着社会经济的发展，汽车行业也随之发展，随着汽车照明技术的不断发展，对车灯的功能也提出了更多的要求。
在实现车灯的照明功能的照明模组中，通常设置准直光学元件以得到近似平行的出射光线，如双曲面准直透镜，其上的曲面为基于透镜光轴的回转曲面，其成像特点是各向同性的。
但是，车灯照明光形具有各向异性的要求，例如上下照明角度小，左右照明角度大；为此，基于上述准直透镜例如球面透镜的车灯照明***需要通过额外的光学***的特别设计形成具有一定宽度的基础光形，再通过准直透镜成像到路面，这种的车灯照明***结构相对复杂，配光过程中需要兼顾额外的光学***以及透镜的入光面和出光面等多个光学面的面型，配光过程复杂繁琐。
因此，需要设计一种新型的透镜单元，以能够克服或缓解上述技术问题。
发明内容
本发明第一方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种透镜单元，该透镜单元能够满足车灯照明光形各向异性的要求，形成非对称光形，满足窄长造型的需求。
本发明第二方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种光学透镜，该光学透镜的出光面的上下方向尺寸较小，能够满足窄长造型的需求，具有较高的光学效率。
本发明第三方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种照明模组，该照明模组具有上下方向尺寸较小的光学透镜，满足车灯光形及车灯外观窄长造型的需求，结构精简，集成度高，光学效率高。
本发明第四方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车灯，该车灯具有窄长的外观造型。
本发明第五方面所要解决的技术问题是提供一种车辆，该车辆的车灯具有窄长造型。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明第一方面提供一种透镜单元，包括具有第一单方向准直的入光部和具有第二单方向准直的出光部，以能够形成非对称光形。
优选地，所述非对称光形为矩形光形。
优选地，所述入光部为由其在第一方向上的截线沿其在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，所述出光部为由其在第二方向上的截线沿其在与所述第二方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面。
可选地，所述入光部与所述出光部均为柱面或类柱面。
可选地，所述入光部与所述出光部均为圆柱面。
可选地，所述入光部与所述出光部均为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面。
可选地，所述入光部与所述出光部两者中一者为柱面，另一者为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面。
具体地，所述入光部的准直方向与所述出光部的准直方向两者中一者为竖直方向，另一者为水平方向。
进一步地，还包括反射部，所述反射部布置为能够将由所述入光部入射的光线反射向所述出光部。
具体地，所述入光部、所述反射部与所述出光部依次相连形成弯折结构。
本发明第二方面提供一种光学透镜，包括多个上述技术方案中任一项所述的透镜单元，各所述透镜单元沿左右方向排布，各所述出光部相连形成出光面。
可选地，至少一个所述入光部上设有或一体形成有III区形成结构。
具体地，所述III区形成结构为凹槽，所述凹槽内沿其长度方向依次设有或一体形成有多个沿着所述凹槽的宽度方向延伸的条状凸起部和/或条状凹陷部。
本发明第三方面提供一种照明模组，包括上述技术方案中任一项所述的光学透镜和多个光源，所述光源与所述入光部对应布置，以能够使所述光源发出的光线通过对应的所述入光部射入所述光学透镜中。
可选地，还包括多个与各所述光源一一对应的初级光学元件，所述初级光学元件布置为能够将所述光源出射的光线汇聚并投射向对应的所述入光部、引入所述光学透镜中。
具体地，所述初级光学元件为反射镜。
可选地，所述反射镜为抛物面反射镜或类抛物面反射镜，所述反射镜靠近对应的所述光源一侧的边界设置有近光截止结构。
进一步地，所述近光截止结构包括主近光截止线结构和辅助近光截止线结构，多个所述反射镜的靠近对应的所述光源一侧的边界设置有所述主近光截止线结构和/或所述辅助近光截止线结构。
可选地，所述主近光截止线结构为具有段差的直线段和/或曲线段连接而成的折线段，所述辅助近光截止线结构为直线段或曲线段。
进一步地，所述入光部包括与所述主近光截止线结构对应的主近光入光部和与所述辅助近光截止线结构对应的辅助近光入光部。
具体地，所述主近光入光部在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线与所述辅助近光入光部在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线之间的夹角为0.2°～1°。
可选地，各所述入光部分别与多个所述反射镜对应设置。
可选地，所述光源位于对应的所述初级光学元件的焦点区域。
具体地，所述光源的发光中心与对应的所述初级光学元件的焦点之间距离≤2mm。
本发明第四方面提供一种车灯，包括上述技术方案中任一项所述的照明模组和线路板，所述光源安装于所述线路板上。
优选地，所述线路板包括用于安装所述光源的安装面，所述安装面与水平方向之间的夹角≥5°。
本发明第五方面提供一种车辆，包括上述技术方案中任一项所述的车灯。
通过上述技术方案，本发明的有益效果如下：
本发明的透镜单元的入光部能够第一单方向准直且其出光部能够第二单方向准直，能够在满足光形、光学性能和光学效率等方面要求的情况下，缩小透镜单元的出光部的上下尺寸；具体地，入光部具有第一单方向准直是指：在第一方向剖面中，入光部在第一方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第一方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，入光部在该方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第一方向剖面内入光部对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部在第一方向剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即入光部主要是对光线在第一方向上进行偏折。出光部具有第二单方向准直是指：在第二方向剖面中，出光部在第二方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第二方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，出光部在该方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得出光部对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第二方向剖面内出光部对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，出光部在第二方向剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即出光部主要是对光线在第二方向上进行偏折，能够对出射的光线进行第二方向的扩展，满足光形、光学性能等方面的要求。这种结构设计使得入光部对光源的在第一方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部对光源在第二方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源通过该透镜单元即可形成矩形的照明光形，允许透镜单元的出光部在上下方向的尺寸小于等于20mm，从而满足窄长造型的车灯的需求。相对于现有技术的普通球面透镜，采用本发明的透镜单元，可以独立调节入光部和出光部两个光学面的面型，大大简化了配光过程中的调光步骤，在保证相同光效的前提下，有效减小透镜单元的出光部的上下尺寸。
而且，入光部、反射部以及出光部依次相连形成弯折结构，能够缩小透镜单元前后方向的尺寸，从而缩小透镜单元整体尺寸，便于小型化设计、集成度高。
进一步地，III区形成结构设置在入光部上，避免III区形成结构与其他零件干涉，提升了车灯内部零部件排布的灵活性，光学性能稳定。
此外，反射镜的靠近光源一侧的边界设置近光截止结构，能够省略现有的遮光板结构；整体上，本发明的照明模组的结构紧凑，集成度高，模组零件少，结构精简。
本发明的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。
附图说明
构成本发明的一部分的附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，本发明的示意性实施方式及其说明用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的不当限定。在附图中：
图1是本发明第一种具体实施方式的透镜单元的立体光路示意图；
图2是本发明具体实施方式的透镜单元形成的光形的屏幕照度图；
图3是现有透镜对正方形发光面成像时的光形的屏幕照度图；
图4是图1中的透镜单元的俯视图；
图5是图1中的透镜单元的主视图；
图6是本发明第二种具体实施方式的透镜单元的光路示意图之一；
图7是本发明第二种具体实施方式的透镜单元的光路示意图之二；
图8是本发明第三种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体光路示意图，其中，透镜单元采用第一种具体实施方式的透镜单元；
图9是本发明第三种具体实施方式的照明模组的光形效果示意图，其中，透镜单元采用第一种具体实施方式的透镜单元；
图10是本发明第四种具体实施方式的透镜单元的立体光路示意图；
图11是本发明第五种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体光路示意图，其中，透镜单元采用第三种具体实施方式的透镜单元；
图12是本发明第六种具体实施方式的透镜单元的主视图；
图13是本发明第六种具体实施方式的透镜单元的左视图；
图14是本发明第六种具体实施方式的透镜单元的仰视图；
图15是本发明第七种具体实施方式的透镜单元的立体光路示意图；
图16是本发明第八种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图之一；
图17是本发明第八种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图之二；
图18是本发明第八种具体实施方式的反射镜的立体结构示意图；
图19是本发明第八种具体实施方式的反射镜的后视示意图；
图20是本发明第八种具体实施方式的照明模组的结构示意图；
图21是图20中A-A向的剖面图；
图22是本发明第八种具体实施方式的主近光光线走向示意图；
图23是本发明第八种具体实施方式的主近光光形示意图；
图24是本发明第八种具体实施方式的辅助近光光线走向示意图；
图25是本发明第八种具体实施方式的辅助近光光形示意图；
图26是本发明第八种具体实施方式的完整近光光形示意图；
图27是本发明第九种具体实施方式的车灯的结构示意图；
图28是图27中B-B向的剖面图；
图29是本发明第十种具体实施方式的光学透镜的结构示意图；
图30是图29中C-C向的剖面图；
图31是图29中D-D向的剖面图；
图32是本发明第十一种具体实施方式的光学透镜的结构示意图；
图33是本发明第十二种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图；
图34是本发明第十二种具体实施方式的照明模组的结构示意图之一；
图35是本发明第十二种具体实施方式的照明模组的结构示意图之二；
图36是图35中E-E向的剖面图；
图37是本发明第十二种具体实施方式的远光光形示意图之一；
图38是本发明第十二种具体实施方式的远光光形示意图之二；
图39是本发明第十三种具体实施方式的光学透镜的立体结构示意图；
图40是图39中F部分的局部放大图；
图41是本发明第十三种具体实施方式的光学透镜的结构示意图；
图42是图41中G-G向的剖面图；
图43是图42中H部分的局部放大图；
图44是本发明第十四种具体实施方式的透镜单元的立体结构示意图；
图45是本发明第十五种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图；
图46是本发明第十五种具体实施方式的照明模组的结构示意图；
图47是图46中I-I向的剖面图；
图48是本发明第十六种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图；
图49是本发明第十七种具体实施方式的光学透镜的立体结构示意图；
图50是本发明第十七种具体实施方式的光学透镜的结构示意图；
图51是图50中J-J向的剖面图；
图52是图50中K-K向的剖面图；
图53是本发明第十八种具体实施方式的照明模组的立体结构示意图。
附图标记说明
1入光部；11主近光入光部；12辅助近光入光部；2出光部；4出光面；3反射部；30反射面；5III区形成结构；6光源；7初级光学元件；71主近光截止线结构；72辅助近光截止线结构；8线路板；9散热器
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是，此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限制本发明。
在本发明的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“安装”、“设置”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或者是一体连接；可以是直接连接，也可以是通过中间媒介间接连接，可以是两个元件内部的连通或两个元件的相互作用关系。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。
需要理解的是，为了便于描述本发明和简化描述，术语“前、后”是指透镜单元沿出光方向的前后方向，例如，入光部1位于后方，对应地，出光部2位于前方，通常与车辆的前后方向大致相同；术语“左、右”是指透镜单元自身的左右方向，通常与车辆的左右方向大致相同；术语“上、下”是指透镜单元自身的上下方向，通常与车辆的上下方向大致相同；例如，参照图28，初级光学元件7位于上方，对应地，散热器9位于下方，术语为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本发明的限制；而且，对于本发明的透镜单元的方位术语，应当结合实际安装状态进行理解。
如图1、图4、图5、图10、图12至图14、图44所示，本发明基础实施方式的透镜单元，包括具有第一单方向准直的入光部1和具有第二单方向准直的出光部2，以能够形成非对称光形。
其中，入光部1具有第一单方向准直是指：在第一方向剖面中，入光部1在第一方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第一方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，入光部1在该方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第一方向剖面内入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部1在第一方向剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即入光部1主要是对光线在第一方向上进行偏折；出光部2具有第二单方向准直是指：在第二方向剖面中，出光部2在第二方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第二方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，出光部2在该方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第二方向剖面内出光部对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，出光部2在第二方向剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即出光部2主要是对光线在第二方向上进行偏折，能够对出射的光线进行第二方向的扩展，满足光形、光学性能等方面的要求；这种结构设计使得入光部1对光源的在第一方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部2对光源在第二方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源通过该透镜单元即可形成非对称光形，允许透镜单元的出光部在上下方向的尺寸小于等于20mm，从而满足窄长造型的车灯的需求，这里“非对称光形”主要是指光形的长宽尺寸相差较大，如矩形光形。相对于现有技术的普通球面透镜来说，由于其各向同性的成像特点，从而形成图3所示的正方形光形；然而本发明的透镜单元的结构特点使其具有各向异性的成像特点，能够形成图2所示的矩形光形，具有很明显的非对称性；而且，可以独立调节入光部1和出光部2两个光学面的面型，简化了配光过程中的调光步骤，在保证相同光效的前提下，透镜单元的出光部的上下尺寸可以更小。
在一种具体实施例中，参照图1、图4和图5，透镜单元的入光部1和出光部2沿前后方向布置；此时，入光部1的准直方向限定在水平方向或者竖直方向，对应地，将出光部2的准直方向限定在竖直方向或者水平方向；为了便于理解本发明的技术构思并简化描述，以下主要以入光部1的准直方向限定在水平方向以及出光部2的准直方向限定在竖直方向为例对本发明的透镜单元进行说明。
其中，参照图6，在水平方向剖面中，入光部1在水平方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，参照图7，在竖直方向剖面中，入光部1在竖直方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在水平方向剖面内入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部1主要是对光线在水平方 向上进行偏折；同理地，参照图7，在竖直方向剖面中，出光部2在竖直方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在水平方向剖面中，出光部2在水平方向的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在竖直方向剖面内出光部对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，出光部2主要是对光线在竖直方向上进行偏折，能够对出射的光线进行竖直方向的扩展；这种结构设计使得入光部1对光源的在水平方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部2对光源在竖直方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源通过该透镜单元能够形成非对称光形，例如矩形光形，允许透镜单元的出光部在上下方向的尺寸小于等于20mm，从而满足窄长造型的车灯的需求。
而且，通过上述技术方案形成的非对称光形的非对称性是由于透镜单元两侧的焦距不同导致的，其中，非对称光形主要指矩形光形，也可以说与入光部1与出光部2对光形的放大倍率的比值有关，而放大倍率的比值取决于入光部1与出光部2之间的间距，间距越大，比值越大，非对称性越明显；对比图1和图10所示，比值小时可以减小透镜单元的厚度。
具体地，入光部1可以看成由其水平方向上的截线沿其竖直方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，例如，参照图6，入光部1在水平方向上的截线为后凸曲线，其竖直方向上的截线为直线，该后凸曲线沿该直线拉伸即形成入光部1；同理地，出光部2可以看成由其竖直方向上的截线沿其水平方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，例如，参照图7，出光部2在竖直方向上的截线为前凸曲线，其水平方向上的截线为直线，该前凸曲线沿该直线拉伸即形成出光部2；上述前凸、后凸都是曲线相对透镜实体的凹、凸而言的。
进一步地，入光部1和出光部2两者中一者为柱面，另一者为类柱面，或者两者均为柱面或类柱面；可以将柱面理解为这样一种光学曲面：以入光部1为例，参照图6，在水平剖面中，入光部1在水平方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，参照图7，在竖直剖面中，入光部1在竖直方向上的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在水平剖面内入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部1在水平剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即入光部1主要是对光线在水平方向上进行偏折；其中，入光部1形成的柱面的水平方向的截线优选为圆弧形，当然，入光部1在水平方向上的截线并非必须为圆弧形，例如形成类柱面，所述“类柱面”是指形状上接近柱面的曲面，同样具有与上述柱面近似的技术效果。同理地，也适用于出光部2形成的柱面结构或类柱面结构。参照图7，在竖直剖面中，出光部2在上下方向的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，参照图6，在水平剖面中，出光部2在水平方向上的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在竖直剖面内出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，出光部2在竖直剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即出光部2主要是对光线在竖直方向上进行偏折。其中，出光部2形成的柱面在竖直方向上的截线优选为圆弧形，当然，出光部2在竖直方向上的截线并非必须为圆弧形。
如图12至图14所示，入光部1与出光部2还可以为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面，所述的“阶梯状菲涅尔柱面”是指采用菲涅尔式曲线拉伸的方式实现的，对光线具有单方向的准直效果，所述“菲涅尔式曲线”是指与经过菲涅尔透镜的光轴的平面与菲涅尔透镜的具有多个同心圆的表面的交线形状相同或类似的曲线形状。阶梯状菲涅尔柱面结构与上述柱面结构同样能够对光线进行准直，入光部1形成的阶梯状菲涅尔柱面与出光部2形成的阶梯状菲涅尔柱面被布置为相互垂直的形式，也可以形成非对称光形。
以上分别对入光部1与出光部2采用柱面或阶梯状菲涅尔柱面的两种技术方案进行了说明，可以理解的是，对于入光部1与出光部2，可以进行简单的变形，如入光部1为柱面以及出光部2为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面，或者，入光部1为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面以及出光部2为柱面，两者的准直方位相互垂直即可。
可以理解的是，以上对以入光部1的准直方位在水平方向以及出光部2的准直方位在竖直方向为例对本发明的光学透镜进行说明，然而，各个具体实施方式也适用于入光部1的准直方位在竖直方向以及出光部2的准直方位在水平方向的情况，例如，在图1的实施例中,从图1中的光学透镜的布置方位来看，入光部1上的柱面的准直方位在竖直方向，出光部2上的柱面的准直方位在水平方向。当然，为了使车灯能够具有窄长的外观造型，在实际应用中，通常将出光部2的准直方位限定在竖直方向。
此外，参照图44，还可以在透镜单元上设置反射部3，改变入光部1和出光部2沿前后方向布置的方式，使由入光部1入射的光线能够被反射部3反射向出光部2，从而缩小本发明的透镜单元在前后方向的尺寸。
在实际应用中，本实施例的透镜单元的出光部2的出光方向朝向前方，即“第二方向”与竖直方向大致相同，出光部2具有在竖直方向对发散光线单方向准直的光学特点，本实施例的透镜单元的入光部1的入光方向朝向上方或下方，需要说明的是，本实施例的透镜单元的入光部1的入光方向的朝向不局限于竖直方向内，根据配光需要，也可以与竖直方向之间具有一定的夹角，通过对反射部3的调整，使由入光部1入射的光线被反射部3反射向出光部2，而且，本实施例的透镜单元的入光部1除了在入光方向朝向上与图6和图7所示的透镜单元的入光部1有所不同之外，两者具有相同的光学效果，也就是说，本实施例的透镜单元的入光部1是由图6和图7所示的透镜单元的入光部1关于反射部3镜像得到的，发散光线经入光部1在第一方向上准直后经反射部3反射后沿水平方向出射。本实施例的透镜单元的入光部1在第一方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第一方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，入光部1在该垂直方向上的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第一方向剖面内入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部1在第一方向 剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即入光部1主要是对光线在第一方向上进行偏折；如此，将本发明的透镜单元应用于车灯中时，由于入光部1在第一方向剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，出光部2在第二方向剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，使得入光部1对光源的在第一方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部2对光源在第二方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源通过该透镜单元形成矩形的照明光形，同时使得透镜单元的出光部2在上下方向能够具有较小的尺寸，例如出光部2上下尺寸15mm、左右尺寸60mm的透镜单元。
具体地，透镜单元优选为弯折结构。参照图44，入光部1、反射部3以及出光部2依次相连形成弯折结构。其中，反射部3倾斜设置，使入光部1与出光部2通过反射部3相连呈现弯折状，能够缩小透镜单元在前后方向的尺寸，便于小型化设计，利于在车灯内的布置。需要说明的是，反射部3与入光部1和/或反射部3与出光部2不必须如图44所示直接连接在一起，只要满足由入光部1入射的光线能够被反射部3反射向出光部2，且入光部1、反射部3以及出光部2三者在空间布置上呈现弯折形状即可。
其中，入光部1可以看成由其在第一方向上的截线沿其在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，例如，参照图44，入光部1的在第一方向上的截线为外凸曲线，其与第一方向的垂直方向(图中所示为前后方向)上的截线为直线；同理地，出光部2可以看成由其在第二方向上的截线沿其在与所述第二方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，即沿左右方向拉伸形成的曲面，例如，参照图44，出光部2的第二方向截线为前凸曲线，其在左右方向上的截线为直线。
进一步地，参照图16、图17、图32、图39和图49，可以将各透镜单元沿左右方向线性排布形成一种光学透镜，各出光部2相连形成出光面4。当然，各透镜单元的排布并不局限于线性排布，例如，在前后方向上，各透镜单元相互错位排布形成一种弯曲结构，位于中间的透镜单元相对位于两侧的透镜单元位置靠前或靠后，形成向前或向后凸起的非线性分布，使其出光面4形成为曲面，优选顺滑曲面。
在具体实施例中，可以在入光部1设置III区形成结构5，III区形成结构5的数量可以根据需要设计，如一个、两个或更多，在一个入光部1或多个入光部1上设有或一体形成有III区形成结构5，III区形成结构5用于形成近光光形中被称为“III区”的重要组成部分，III区位于近光截止线上方，投射至该区域的光线主要对标志牌等位于路面上方的物体起到照明作用，使驾驶员获取标志牌等信息。
参照图40，III区形成结构5为向光学透镜的内部凹陷所形成的凹槽，凹槽的长度方向沿水平方向设置，且凹槽的前后方向截线呈弧形，使得射至该III区形成结构5的光线能够沿车身高度方向上扩散；另外，该形成近光Ⅲ区光形的透镜结构简单且不占用光学透镜以外的空间，使得该形成近光III区光形的光学透镜能够在车灯内各零件位置和数量不断改变的情况下，避免III区形成结构5与其它零件干涉，提升了车灯内部零部件排布的灵活性和光学稳定性。优选地，在具体实施过程中，采用一体形成在入光部1上的实施方法设置III区形成结构5，该方法可以使得整体结构更加牢固，不易损坏，使用寿命更长。
参照图41至图43，作为III区形成结构5的具体实施结构，凹槽内沿其长度方向依次设有或一体形成有多个沿着凹槽的宽度方向(上下方向)延伸的条状凸起部和/或条状凹陷部，其中朝向光学透镜内部为凹，朝向光学透镜外部为凸；条状凸起部和条状凹陷部能够实现将光线向车身宽度方向上扩散，从而使得形成的近光III区光形的宽度更大，光形更均匀且光形照度能够降低至法规要求范围内，能够给驾驶员提供更宽的照明范围，更有利于驾驶员看清路面两侧的标志牌；且一体成型的设计使得III区形成结构5相较于其它制造方式更不易损坏，使用寿命更高。
参照图1、图10和图15，将本发明的光学透镜与光源6结合能够形成一种照明模组，光学透镜可以直接作为初级光学元件，使各光源6与各入光部1对应布置。具体地，将光源6设置在光学透镜的焦点附近或聚焦区域。或者，参照图16和图53，也可以将本发明的光学透镜作为次级光学元件，初级光学元件7将光源6出射的光线汇聚到光学透镜的焦点或聚焦区域，然后再将光线射入光学透镜。
可以理解的是，本发明的光学透镜可以由一个透镜单元构成，从而形成的如图1、图8、图10、图11、图15、图45或图48所示的照明模组。例如，在图8的实施例中，初级光学元件7上设置有近光截止结构，从而能够形成如图9所示的近光光形。
作为一种照明模组的具体实施例，参照图16和图17，各光源6与各初级光学元件7一一对应设置，光源6布置在对应的初级光学元件7的焦点或焦点附近区域，各初级光学元件7可以与各入光部1一一对应设置，使初级光学元件7能够将光源6出射的光线汇聚并投射向对应的入光部1，然后再将光线引入光学透镜中。其中，初级光学元件7可以为反射镜、聚光器或聚光杯等光学元件。
优选地，初级光学元件7可以为反射镜。参照图20和图21，反射镜为抛物面反射镜或类抛物面反射镜，其靠近对应的光源6一侧的边界设置有近光截止结构。
参照图18和图19，近光截止结构包括主近光截止线结构71和辅助近光截止线结构72，主近光截止线结构71用于形成如图23中近光光形中具有拐点截止线的部分近光光形，为了便于描述，可以简称为主近光光形，为近光光形的中心区域光形；辅助近光截止线结构72用于形成如图25中近光光形中具有水平截止线的部分近光光形，为了便于描述，可以简称为辅助近光光形，能够扩展近光光形的展宽；为了便于描述，以两个反射镜为例，一个反射镜4的靠近对应光源6一侧的边界形成主近光截止线结构71， 另一个反射镜的靠近对应光源6一侧的边界形成辅助近光截止线结构72，参照图22，一个光源6发出的光线经具有主近光截止线结构71的反射镜反射后，通过对应的入光部1射入光学透镜，再由出光部2投射到车辆前方，形成近光光形中类似图23所示的具有拐点截止线的主近光光形，同时，参照图24，另一个光源6发出的光线经具有辅助近光截止线结构72的反射镜反射后，通过对应的入光部1射入光学透镜，再由出光部2投射到车辆前方，形成近光光形中类似图25所示的具有水平截止线的辅助近光光形，辅助近光截止线结构72对应的入光部1相比主近光截止线结构71对应的入光部1曲率更大，使得经出光部2出射的光线的左右角度扩散更大，从而扩展光形的展宽，两种光形叠加形成类似图26所示的完整的近光光形；具有主近光截止线结构71的反射镜以及具有辅助近光截止线结构72的反射镜各自的数量，可以根据需要进行设置；当然，也可以仅设置具有主近光截止线结构71的反射镜，结合现有的车灯模组，由现有的车灯模组形成近光光形中的辅助近光光形，扩大近光光形的展宽；或者，也可以仅设置具有辅助近光截止线结构72的反射镜，结合现有的车灯模组，由现有的车灯模组形成近光光形中的主近光光形，得到完整的近光光形。
相应地，入光部1可以分为主近光入光部11和辅助近光入光部12，主近光入光部11与主近光截止线结构71对应设置，辅助近光入光部12与辅助近光截止线结构72对应设置；进一步地，主近光入光部11在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线与辅助近光入光部12在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线之间的夹角为0.2°～1°。
具体地，在图29至图31的实施例中，第一方向为水平方向，主近光入光部11在竖直方向上的截线与辅助近光入光部12在竖直方向上的截线之间具有夹角，夹角范围为0.2°～1°，能够使主近光入光部11的入射光线经出光部2折射后向上偏折，使得主近光的光线更加靠近拐点截止线，增加拐点截止线附近的光线量，提升近光照明效果，使得近光可视性更好，例如，辅助近光入光部12在竖直方向上的截线沿竖直方向延伸，主近光入光部11在竖直方向上的截线相对竖直方向倾斜0.2°～1°。
在具体实施方式中，主近光截止线结构71为具有段差的直线段和/或曲线段连接而成的折线段，即该折线段可以包括两条具有段差的直线段，也可以包括两条具有段差的曲线段，也可以包括具有段差的一条直线段和一条曲线段，辅助近光截止线结构72为直线段或曲线段，即没有段差的直线段或曲线段。
可以理解的是，本发明的照明模组也可以应用于远光照明模组，反射镜上不需设置截止结构，光学透镜的焦点可以设置在反射镜的反射面上，光源6发出的光线经由反射镜反射向光学透镜的入光部1，并从出光部2出射，形成狭长的远光光形；此外，本发明的照明模组也可以同时具有远光与近光功能，即形成远近光一体照明模组，将本发明的光学透镜的部分入光部1对应的光源6和反射镜的相对位置如图21所示设置，反射镜下边界设置近光截止结构，本发明的光学透镜的另一部分入光部1对应的反射镜上不需要设置截止结构，通过控制相应的光源6的启闭，实现远光与近光功能。
在一种具体实施例中，参照图33至图36，可以使每个入光部1分别与多个反射镜对应设置，形成一种远光照明模组，这种结构设计能够使车灯实现ADB自适应远光功能，例如，将本发明的远光照明模块应用于具体车辆中，各反射镜沿着左右方向相连排布，各入光部1也同样沿着左右方向相连排布；通过对各光源6的开启与关闭进行控制，在夜间行车中，当全部光源6处于开启状态时，能够形成如图37所示的远光光形，当检测到对向车道存在道路的其他用户时，如图38所示，可以控制对应的各光源6的关闭，使在检测到的道路其他用户对应位置的远光光形区域形成暗区，从而避免对道路的其他用户造成炫目，防止安全事故的发生。每个入光部1对应多个反射镜的设置方式，每个反射镜对应一个区域的光形，结合对各光源6的控制，使各反射镜对应的区域能够形成暗区，实现ADB自适应远光功能；而且，由于入光部1主要是对光线在水平方向上进行偏折，出光部2主要是对光线在竖直方向上进行偏折，使得入光部1对光源6的在水平方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部2对光源6在竖直方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源6通过该光学透镜即可形成矩形的照明光形，同时，相对于上述现有技术的普通球面透镜，本实用新型在保证相同光效的前提下，减小了光学透镜的上下尺寸，即能够允许出光部2上下尺寸设置到小于等于20mm的范围，从而得到窄长的远光照明模组，在上下尺寸受限的情况下，也能获得较高的光学效率；例如，将出光部2上下尺寸设计为15mm，光学效率能够达到44～50％(包含外配损失)，这种光学效率相当于现有技术的透镜开口做到30mm以上(尤其是40mm以上)的光学效率。
在一种具体实施例中，参照图45至图47、图49至图52，本实施例的照明模组用于近光照明，包括初级光学元件7和光学透镜，光学透镜包括多个沿左右方向相连接的透镜单元，透镜单元包括具有第一单方向准直的入光部1、反射部3以及具有第二单方向准直的出光部2，各出光部2相连形成出光面4，各反射部3相连形成反射面30，光源6发出的光线被对应的初级光学元件7反射后，以近似平行的光束射向光学透镜的入光部1，反射面30倾斜布置，使光学透镜呈弯折形状，能够减小照明模组在前后方向的尺寸；参照图47，可以在初级光学元件7的前边界(初级光学元件7的靠近光源6一侧的边界)设置近光截止结构，或者，在初级光学元件7与光学透镜的入光部1之间设置具有近光截止结构的遮光板或其它遮光元件，从而实现近光照明功能。还可以在其中一个或多个入光部1上设置III区形成结构5，以能够形成近光III区光形；或者，可以用于雾灯或角灯等车辆照明装置。其中，初级光学元件7优选为抛物面反射镜或类抛物面反射镜。
当然，也可以将上述实施例的光学透镜用于远光照明，图48提供了一种用于远光照明的实施例，与上述用于近光照明的光学模组不同之处主要在于：可以不设置截止结构以及III区形成结构5。或者，也可以将本发明的光学透镜用于远近光一体式照明模组，本发明的光学透镜的部分入光部1对应的初级光学元件7和光源6的相对位置如图45所示设置，初级光学元件7的前边界设 置近光截止结构，本发明的光学透镜的另一部分入光部1对应的初级光学元件7上不设置截止结构，其与光源6的相对位置如图48所示设置，通过控制相应的光源6的启闭，实现远光与近光功能。
可以理解的是，光学透镜呈弯折形状，在安装于具体照明模组中，可以为图44至图49所示的向上弯折的布置方式，也可以为图53所示的向下弯折的布置方式，具体根据实际安装情况进行选择。
需要说明的是，图49和图50提供了光学透镜的一种具体结构形式，各反射部3相连形成反射面30，各入光部1沿着左右方向依次相连；当然，光学透镜也可以为其它具体结构形式，例如，各透镜单元之间形成间隙，即各入光部1沿着左右方向间隔布置，且各反射部3之间也形成楔形间隙，楔形间隙由入光部1向出光面4方向逐渐减小，使各入光部1之间不会窜光，保证各入光部1对应的照明区域的独立性以及各照明区域的光效。
本发明对光学透镜进行特别设计，使其入光部1具有在第一方向对光线单方向准直的光学特点，并使其出光部2具有在第二方向对光线单方向准直的光学特点；需要说明的是，所述“第一单方向准直”可以作如下理解：在第一方向剖面中，入光部1在第一方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第一方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，入光部1在该垂直方向上的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第一方向剖面内入光部1对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，入光部1在第一方向剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即入光部1主要是对光线在第一方向上进行偏折；同理地，所述“第二单方向准直”可以作如下理解：在第二方向剖面中，出光部2在第二方向上的截线为凸曲线，起会聚效应，对光线的偏折程度较大，能够对发散光线具有一定的准直作用，在与第二方向垂直的垂直方向剖面中，出光部2在该垂直方向上的截线为直线或几乎为直线，使得出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力远不如在第二方向剖面内出光部2对发散光线的偏折能力，不具有准直作用，出光部2在第二方向剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，即出光部2主要是对光线在第二方向上进行偏折；如此，将本发明的光学透镜应用于车灯中时(在实际应用中，出光部2的上下方向与车灯的上下方向大致相同)，由于入光部1在第一方向剖面位置范围内对发散光线具有单一方向的准直效果，出光部2在第二方向剖面位置范围内对光线具有单一方向的准直效果，使得入光部1对光源的在第一方向上的成像放大倍率大于出光部2对光源在第二方向上的成像放大倍率，从而使光源6通过该光学透镜形成矩形的照明光形，同时使得光学透镜的出光部2在上下方向能够具有较小的尺寸，例如出光面2上下尺寸15mm、左右尺寸60mm的光学透镜，在将本发明的光学透镜应用于具体车辆上时，可以使车辆的车灯在上下方向的外观开口尺寸较小，如前照灯，符合市场对车灯呈现窄长造型的趋势。
其中，初级光学元件7也可以为聚光器等其它初级光学元件；光源6可以为半导体光源，例如LED光源和半导体激光光源，LED光源作为新能源，已逐渐取代传统光源，LED光源不仅节能环保，而且使用寿命长，亮度高，性能稳定，发光纯度高，因此，以LED光源为设计基础的车辆照明装置具有广阔的发展前景；而半导体激光光源，因为其方向性强，不易发散，更容易使得光线避开可能对其产生干涉的零部件。
一般地，将光源6的发光中心设置在对应的初级光学元件7的焦点区域，焦点区域为包括焦点在内的焦点附近的区域。具体地，光源6的发光中心可以设置在初级光学元件7的焦点上，根据配光的需要，还可以光源6的发光中心偏离上述焦点一定距离，如光源6的发光中心与初级光学元件7的焦点之间距离≤2mm。其中，初级光学元件7优选为反射镜，反射镜可以为抛物面反射镜或者类抛物面反射镜。
此外，还可以将本发明的照明模组安装在车灯中，使得车灯外观开口上下尺寸设计为小于等于20mm，例如，将出光面2上下尺寸设计为15mm，光学效率能够达到44～50％(包含外配损失)，这种光学效率相当于现有技术的透镜开口做到30mm以上(尤其是40mm以上)的光学效率；进一步地，将上述车灯应用于具体车辆中，满足市场对车灯窄长造型的车辆的需求，同时，又不会影响光形、光学性能和光学效率等方面。而且，本发明光学透镜的弯折结构设计，缩小了照明模组在前后方向的尺寸，便于车灯的小型化，方便车灯在车辆中的布置设计。
将本发明的照明模组安装在车灯中，一般地，参照图27和图28，光源6安装于线路板8上。具体地，光源6安装在线路板8的安装面上，为了使更多的光线进入光学透镜，光源6相对水平方向，如图28方向旋转一定角度，角度优选大于等于5°，图28所示的实施例为20°，也就是说，线路板7上的用于安装光源1的安装面与水平方向之间的夹角≥5°。此外，线路板7还与散热器8连接，以对线路板7产生的热量进行散热。
本发明的车灯由于采用上述的照明模组，对于相应的车灯设计，可以使车灯具有平且宽的外观造型，例如，使车辆的前照灯呈现窄长的造型。
本发明的车辆由于采用上述的车灯，因此至少具有上述车灯实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果，在此不再赘述。
以上结合附图详细描述了本发明的优选实施方式，但是，本发明并不限于此。在本发明的技术构思范围内，可以对本发明的技术方案进行多种简单变型，包括各个具体技术特征以任何合适的方式进行组合。为了避免不必要的重复，本发明对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。但这些简单变型和组合同样应当视为本发明所公开的内容，均属于本发明的保护范围。

Claims (27)

  1. 一种透镜单元，其特征在于，包括具有第一单方向准直的入光部(1)和具有第二单方向准直的出光部(2)，以能够形成非对称光形。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述非对称光形为矩形光形。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)为由其在第一方向上的截线沿其在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面，所述出光部(2)为由其在第二方向上的截线沿其在与所述第二方向垂直的方向上的截线拉伸形成的曲面。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)与所述出光部(2)均为柱面或类柱面。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)与所述出光部(2)均为圆柱面。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)与所述出光部(2)均为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面。
  7. 根据权利要求3所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)与所述出光部(2)两者中一者为柱面，另一者为阶梯状菲涅尔柱面。
  8. 根据权利要求1、2、4至7中任一项所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)的准直方向与所述出光部(2)的准直方向两者中一者为竖直方向，另一者为水平方向。
  9. 根据权利要求1、2、4至7中任一项所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，还包括反射部(3)，所述反射部(3)布置为能够将由所述入光部(1)入射的光线反射向所述出光部(2)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的透镜单元，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)、所述反射部(3)与所述出光部(2)依次相连形成弯折结构。
  11. 一种光学透镜，其特征在于，包括多个根据权利要求1至10中任一项所述的透镜单元，各所述透镜单元沿左右方向排布，各所述出光部(2)相连形成出光面(4)。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的光学透镜，其特征在于，至少一个所述入光部(1)上设有或一体形成有III区形成结构(5)。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的光学透镜，其特征在于，所述III区形成结构(5)为凹槽，所述凹槽内沿其长度方向依次设有或一体形成有多个沿着所述凹槽的宽度方向延伸的条状凸起部和/或条状凹陷部。
  14. 一种照明模组，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求11至13中任一项所述的光学透镜和多个光源(6)，所述光源(6)与所述入光部(1)对应布置，以能够使所述光源(6)发出的光线通过对应的所述入光部(1)射入所述光学透镜中。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的照明模组，其特征在于，还包括多个与各所述光源(6)一一对应的初级光学元件(7)，所述初级光学元件(7)布置为能够将所述光源(6)出射的光线汇聚并投射向对应的所述入光部(1)、引入所述光学透镜中。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述初级光学元件(7)为反射镜。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述反射镜为抛物面反射镜或类抛物面反射镜，所述反射镜靠近对应的所述光源(6)一侧的边界设置有近光截止结构。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述近光截止结构包括主近光截止线结构(71)和辅助近光截止线结构(72)，多个所述反射镜的靠近对应的所述光源(6)一侧的边界设置有所述主近光截止线结构(71)和/或所述辅助近光截止线结构(72)。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述主近光截止线结构(71)为具有段差的直线段和/或曲线段连接而成的折线段，所述辅助近光截止线结构(72)为直线段或曲线段。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述入光部(1)包括与所述主近光截止线结构(71)对应的主近光入光部(11)和与所述辅助近光截止线结构(72)对应的辅助近光入光部(12)。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述主近光入光部(11)在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线与所述辅助近光入光部(12)在与所述第一方向垂直的方向上的截线之间的夹角为0.2°～1°。
  22. 根据权利要求16所述的照明模组，其特征在于，各所述入光部(1)分别与多个所述反射镜对应设置。
  23. 根据权利要求15至22中任一项所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述光源(6)位于对应的所述初级光学元件(7)的焦点区域。
  24. 根据权利要求23所述的照明模组，其特征在于，所述光源(6)的发光中心与对应的所述初级光学元件(7)的焦点之间距离≤2mm。
  25. 一种车灯，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求14至24中任一项所述的照明模组和线路板(8)，所述光源(6)安装于所述线路板(8)上。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的车灯，其特征在于，所述线路板(8)包括用于安装所述光源(6)的安装面，所述安装面与水平 方向之间的夹角≥5°。
  27. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括根据权利要求25或26中任一项所述的车灯。
PCT/CN2021/089377 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆 WO2021218826A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US17/922,143 US20230213777A1 (en) 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 Lens unit, optical lens, illumination module, vehicle light, and vehicle
JP2022561004A JP7490808B2 (ja) 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 レンズユニット、光学レンズ、照明モジュール、車両用ランプおよび車両
EP21797143.1A EP4130853A4 (en) 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 LENS UNIT, OPTICAL LENS, LIGHTING MODULE, VEHICLE LIGHT AND VEHICLE

Applications Claiming Priority (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010367179 2020-04-30
CN202010367179.X 2020-04-30
CN202023252420.9U CN214501089U (zh) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 光学透镜、照明装置及车辆
CN202011589522.1 2020-12-29
CN202011589522.1A CN113958921A (zh) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 照明模组、照明装置及车辆
CN202011592501.5A CN113531477A (zh) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 光学透镜、光学模组、车灯及车辆
CN202023252577.1 2020-12-29
CN202011592501.5 2020-12-29
CN202023252420.9 2020-12-29
CN202023252577.1U CN215372308U (zh) 2020-12-29 2020-12-29 远光照明模组、车灯及车辆

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2021218826A1 true WO2021218826A1 (zh) 2021-11-04

Family

ID=78373324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2021/089377 WO2021218826A1 (zh) 2020-04-30 2021-04-23 透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US20230213777A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4130853A4 (zh)
JP (1) JP7490808B2 (zh)
WO (1) WO2021218826A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019205641B4 (de) * 2019-04-17 2022-09-29 Audi Ag Leuchtvorrichtung für ein Kraftfahrzeug zum Erzeugen einer Lichtanimation

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2862070Y (zh) * 2005-09-30 2007-01-24 北京工业大学 二极管激光器光束整形微透镜阵列
US20130188377A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Vehicle lighting unit and light guide lens
CN108397750A (zh) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-14 东莞市美光达光学科技有限公司 一种配光均匀的高效闪光灯透镜模组
CN209086575U (zh) * 2018-12-06 2019-07-09 上海高意激光技术有限公司 激光准直镜
CN209399286U (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-09-17 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 一种远近光一体车灯模组
CN110554508A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-10 宁波舜宇车载光学技术有限公司 光束整形装置及其光束整形方法
CN110716377A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 南昌欧菲生物识别技术有限公司 投影模组、光电装置和电子设备

Family Cites Families (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
RU2137978C1 (ru) * 1998-03-26 1999-09-20 Открытое акционерное общество "ЛОМО" Осветительное устройство с несимметричным распределением светового потока относительно оптической оси
JP4068387B2 (ja) * 2002-04-23 2008-03-26 株式会社小糸製作所 光源ユニット
JP4080780B2 (ja) * 2002-04-23 2008-04-23 株式会社小糸製作所 光源ユニット
JP4391870B2 (ja) * 2004-04-02 2009-12-24 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用照明灯具
JP4536017B2 (ja) * 2006-02-08 2010-09-01 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用前照灯
JP4714161B2 (ja) 2007-01-23 2011-06-29 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用灯具ユニット
JP5248833B2 (ja) * 2007-10-12 2013-07-31 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用照明灯具
JP5257747B2 (ja) 2008-03-26 2013-08-07 スタンレー電気株式会社 車両用前照灯
JP5897898B2 (ja) * 2011-03-23 2016-04-06 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用照明灯具
DE102013204476B4 (de) * 2013-03-14 2022-07-07 OSRAM Opto Semiconductors Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Optisches Element und optoelektronisches Bauelement mit optischem Element
JP2017138471A (ja) 2016-02-03 2017-08-10 セイコーエプソン株式会社 光源装置およびプロジェクター
US10766399B2 (en) 2017-04-19 2020-09-08 Lumileds Llc Headlight system for a vehicle
US11022265B2 (en) 2018-03-15 2021-06-01 Koito Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Vehicular headlight
CN110296372B (zh) * 2018-03-21 2021-06-18 嘉兴海拉灯具有限公司 一种光导、车灯及车辆
JP7058166B2 (ja) 2018-04-10 2022-04-21 株式会社小糸製作所 車両用前照灯
CN109681843A (zh) 2019-02-26 2019-04-26 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 车灯模组及应用其的汽车

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2862070Y (zh) * 2005-09-30 2007-01-24 北京工业大学 二极管激光器光束整形微透镜阵列
US20130188377A1 (en) * 2012-01-24 2013-07-25 Stanley Electric Co., Ltd. Vehicle lighting unit and light guide lens
CN108397750A (zh) * 2018-04-03 2018-08-14 东莞市美光达光学科技有限公司 一种配光均匀的高效闪光灯透镜模组
CN110554508A (zh) * 2018-05-30 2019-12-10 宁波舜宇车载光学技术有限公司 光束整形装置及其光束整形方法
CN110716377A (zh) * 2018-07-13 2020-01-21 南昌欧菲生物识别技术有限公司 投影模组、光电装置和电子设备
CN209086575U (zh) * 2018-12-06 2019-07-09 上海高意激光技术有限公司 激光准直镜
CN209399286U (zh) * 2019-02-25 2019-09-17 华域视觉科技(上海)有限公司 一种远近光一体车灯模组

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See also references of EP4130853A4 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP7490808B2 (ja) 2024-05-27
JP2023520802A (ja) 2023-05-19
EP4130853A1 (en) 2023-02-08
EP4130853A4 (en) 2023-10-04
US20230213777A1 (en) 2023-07-06

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP7217360B2 (ja) ハイ・ロービームランプ一体型車ランプ照明装置、車ランプ及び車両
US11686446B2 (en) Thin aspect lighting system with cutoff
WO2020156455A1 (zh) 车灯照明模组、车灯及车辆
KR20130129133A (ko) 가동부들이 없고 로우빔 출력 및 하이빔 출력 양측 모두를 특징으로 하는 헤드램프
US6367954B1 (en) Multi-lens projector lamp
CN113958921A (zh) 照明模组、照明装置及车辆
WO2021147732A1 (zh) 前照灯光学元件、前照灯模组、车灯及车辆
WO2020244109A1 (zh) 近光iii区照明模组、车辆前照灯及车辆
WO2023208066A1 (zh) 车灯、投射组件和车辆
WO2020244391A1 (zh) 车灯光学元件、车灯模组、车辆前照灯及车辆
WO2021218826A1 (zh) 透镜单元、光学透镜、照明模组、车灯及车辆
WO2022105196A1 (zh) 车灯光学***、车灯模组、车灯及车辆
WO2022068267A1 (zh) Adb远光模组及车灯
WO2022213444A1 (zh) 车灯光学元件、车灯模组和车辆
WO2021103755A1 (zh) 车灯模组、车辆前照灯及车辆
WO2020211795A1 (zh) 一种远光光导模块及其车灯模组
CN210219619U (zh) 一种近光iii区照明模块、遮光板、照明装置及车辆
WO2022134456A1 (zh) Adb车灯模组、车灯及车辆
WO2022012211A1 (zh) 车灯光学元件、车灯模组和车辆
WO2022012634A1 (zh) 车辆远光灯模组、车辆前照灯及车辆
WO2022256991A1 (zh) 一种照明模组、前照灯和车辆
CN212339144U (zh) 一种多像素远光***、车灯及车辆
US20220355724A1 (en) Optical element, vehicle lamp module, vehicle lamp, and vehicle
WO2021003946A1 (zh) 一种形成近光ⅲ区光形的透镜、车辆照明装置及汽车
CN215372307U (zh) 照明模组、照明装置及车辆

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21797143

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022561004

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2021797143

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20221104

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE