WO2021185324A1 - 瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合*** - Google Patents

瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合*** Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021185324A1
WO2021185324A1 PCT/CN2021/081606 CN2021081606W WO2021185324A1 WO 2021185324 A1 WO2021185324 A1 WO 2021185324A1 CN 2021081606 W CN2021081606 W CN 2021081606W WO 2021185324 A1 WO2021185324 A1 WO 2021185324A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
clamping device
valve clamping
valve
adjusting
section
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/081606
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张庭超
张伟伟
王泽涛
郑贤章
Original Assignee
杭州德晋医疗科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202010192630.9A external-priority patent/CN111904660B/zh
Priority claimed from CN202021717762.0U external-priority patent/CN214104757U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202120115656.3U external-priority patent/CN215130898U/zh
Priority claimed from CN202110057563.4A external-priority patent/CN114762635A/zh
Application filed by 杭州德晋医疗科技有限公司 filed Critical 杭州德晋医疗科技有限公司
Priority to US17/906,641 priority Critical patent/US20230157819A1/en
Priority to EP21770911.2A priority patent/EP4122426A4/en
Priority to BR112022018791A priority patent/BR112022018791A2/pt
Publication of WO2021185324A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021185324A1/zh

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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2442Annuloplasty rings or inserts for correcting the valve shape; Implants for improving the function of a native heart valve
    • A61F2/246Devices for obstructing a leak through a native valve in a closed condition
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2427Devices for manipulating or deploying heart valves during implantation
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/24Heart valves ; Vascular valves, e.g. venous valves; Heart implants, e.g. passive devices for improving the function of the native valve or the heart muscle; Transmyocardial revascularisation [TMR] devices; Valves implantable in the body
    • A61F2/2442Annuloplasty rings or inserts for correcting the valve shape; Implants for improving the function of a native heart valve
    • A61F2/2466Delivery devices therefor

Definitions

  • the present disclosure generally relates to the technical field of medical devices, and more specifically relates to a valve clamping device and a valve clamping system.
  • the mitral valve MV is a one-way valve located between the left atrium LA of the heart and the left ventricle LV.
  • a normal and healthy mitral valve MV can control the flow of blood from the left atrium LA to the left ventricle LV while avoiding blood from the left.
  • the ventricle LV flows to the left atrium LA.
  • the mitral valve MV includes a pair of leaflets, called the anterior leaflet AML and the posterior leaflet PML.
  • Anterior lobe AML and posterior lobe PML are fixed to the papillary muscles of the left ventricular LV through the chordae.
  • Interventional mitral valve clamping refers to the use of a valve clamping device to pull the anterior and posterior leaflets toward each other through a pair of rotatably connected clamp arms to reduce or eliminate the leaflet gap to treat mitral valve regurgitation .
  • An existing valve clamping device adds elastic bodies to the two clamp arms, and the leaflets on each side are clamped between one clamp arm and one side of the elastic body, and the two sides are filled by the elastic body.
  • the gap between the clamp arms reduces the central regurgitation, and the elastic body is deformed to adapt to the distance between the valve leaflets, thereby adjusting the degree of pulling the valve leaflets by the forceps arm.
  • the pliers arm is closed, the closer to the joint of the pliers arm, the smaller the space.
  • valve leaflets When the valve leaflets are grasped by the forceps arm, part of the valve leaflets will fill and accumulate in the space, thereby affecting the closing of the forceps arm. At the same time, if the filling of the valve leaflet cannot be found in time through medical images, when the operator forcibly closes the clamping device, the forceps arm will cause damage to the valve leaflet.
  • valve clamping device which includes:
  • a supporting portion, the supporting portion is arranged along the axial direction;
  • a hollow adjusting part at least a part of the supporting part is provided in the adjusting part, one end of the adjusting part is sleeved outside the supporting part, and the other end of the adjusting part is movable relative to the supporting part;
  • a clamping part, the clamping part is arranged on the outer side of the adjusting part;
  • the driving part is connected with the clamping part to drive the clamping part close to or away from the adjusting part.
  • the supporting portion includes a first seat body and a second seat body connected along the axial direction, the first seat body is provided in the adjustment portion; and the adjustment portion includes an axis along the axis. A first end and a second end arranged opposite to each other, and a self-expanding body located between the first end and the second end.
  • the first end is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second seat body.
  • the second end is free to hang relative to the supporting part so as to be movable relative to the supporting part.
  • the second end is movably sleeved on the outside of the first seat body and can move in the axial direction relative to the support portion.
  • the second end is fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the first seat body, and the first end is movably sleeved on the outer side of the second seat body and can be arranged relative to the supporting part along the Axial activity.
  • the first end is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body and can move in the axial direction relative to the support part.
  • the second end is sleeved on the outside of the first seat body and can move in the axial direction relative to the support portion.
  • the second end is free to hang relative to the supporting part so as to be movable relative to the supporting part.
  • the self-expanding body is an elastic body, and the adjustment portion is provided with an opening at the second end.
  • the elastomer is selected from at least one of a network structure, a frame structure, a dense structure, or a porous structure.
  • the elastomer is a mesh structure or a frame structure, and at least part of the outer surface and/or at least part of the inner surface of the elastomer is covered with a biocompatible film.
  • the second end of the adjusting part is a head with a central through hole, a part of the elastic body is pierced and fixed in the head, and the central through hole forms a The opening; or the second end edge is sheathed with a hollow snare structure to form the opening; or the second end edge is enclosed to form the opening.
  • the elastic body is a mesh structure, and the elastic body is formed by warp knitting a shape memory material, and the mesh wire woven to form the mesh structure is bent back at the second end The opening is formed.
  • the elastic body is a frame structure
  • the frame structure is cut from a shape memory material
  • the frame structure includes a plurality of struts, and the adjacent struts are spaced apart or crossed with each other.
  • the opening is formed by gathering the proximal ends of a plurality of the struts together.
  • the elastomer is the dense structure, and the dense structure is made of silica gel; or the elastomer is a porous structure, and the porous structure is made of sponge; and the dense structure or The second end edge of the porous structure forms the opening.
  • the diameter of at least a part of the self-expanding body in a natural state gradually increases from the first end of the adjusting part to the second end of the adjusting part.
  • the self-expanding body has a recessed area connected to the second end, the recessed area is recessed toward the first end, and the second end is located along the axis of the self-expanding body Between the two end faces.
  • the self-expanding body includes a first section, a second section, and a third section that are sequentially connected;
  • the first section extends from the second end of the adjusting portion toward the second end of the support portion, and the first section surrounds the outside of the second end of the support portion; the second area Section continues to extend radially outward from the first section; and the third section extends from the second section toward the first end of the support portion while extending radially inward to the adjustment portion The first end is cut off.
  • the self-expanding body further includes a bending section connected between the second end of the adjusting part and the first section.
  • the radial dimension of the second section of the self-expanding body is in the range of 4mm-15mm, and the radial dimension of the first end of the adjustment part is in the range of 1mm-5mm.
  • the self-expanding body includes a plurality of first curved surfaces and a plurality of second curved surfaces along the circumferential direction, the first curved surfaces and the second curved surfaces are adjacent to each other, and the two oppositely arranged The first curved surfaces respectively face the clamping portion, and the area of the second curved surface is smaller than the area of the first curved surface.
  • the first seat body includes an interface end connected to the second seat body and a free end disposed opposite to the interface end, and the free end is located in the adjustment part.
  • the self-expanding body is an elastic body, and the adjustment portion is provided with an opening at the second end; and the size of the opening is smaller than or equal to the size of the free end.
  • a hollow snare structure is sleeved outside the edge of the one end of the adjustment portion, and the snare structure is sleeved on the outside of the support portion.
  • the clamping portion includes at least two pliers arms, the at least two pliers arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting portion, and the driving portion is respectively connected to each of the pliers arms to Drive each of the pliers arms close to or away from the adjusting part.
  • the supporting portion further includes a base connected to the second seat body, each of the clamp arms is rotatably connected to the base, and the clamp arm is connected to the base. There is an axial distance between the connection point and the first end.
  • the driving part includes: a driving shaft, a connecting seat, and at least two connecting rods; wherein one end of each connecting rod is connected to the clamping part, and the other end is pivotally connected to the connecting seat And one end of the drive shaft is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end is movably installed in the base.
  • valve clamping device further includes a locking part provided in the base, and the locking part restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft and the base.
  • the driving part includes: a driving shaft, an automatic closing unit, and at least two connecting rods; the driving shaft is movably installed in the supporting part, and one end of each connecting rod is connected to one The pliers arm is rotatably connected, and the other end of each link is rotatably connected with the drive shaft; and the automatic closing unit is connected to the pliers arm for making the pliers arm abut against the drive shaft in a natural state. ⁇ The adjustment section.
  • the driving part includes: the driving part includes a driving shaft and at least two elastic driving arms, one end of the driving shaft is movably installed in the supporting part, and each of the elastic driving arms One end of the arm is fixedly connected to the other end of the drive shaft, and the other end of each elastic drive arm is respectively connected to one of the pliers arm; and the elastic drive arm is used to make the pliers arm stick in a natural state By the adjustment part.
  • the end of the pliers arm is provided with a flanging section
  • the flanging section is an arc surface turned toward the outer side of the end of the pliers arm, and the pliers arm abuts against the adjusting part Later, the self-expanding body protrudes from the flange section in the axial direction.
  • the self-expanding body is provided with an adapting section corresponding to the flanging section, and the shape of the side of the adapting section facing the flanging section is complementary to the arc surface.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a grasping portion, the grasping portion is provided between the clamping portion and the adjustment portion and can be close to or away from the adjustment portion, the When both the grasping portion and the clamping portion are far away from the adjusting portion, the grasping portion is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamping portion.
  • valve clamping device which includes:
  • a supporting portion the supporting portion includes a connecting end and a free end that are arranged oppositely;
  • a hollow adjusting part at least a part of the supporting part is provided in the adjusting part, one end of the adjusting part is sleeved outside the connecting end and connected to the supporting part, and the other end of the adjusting part is freely suspended ;
  • a clamping part, the clamping part is arranged on the outer side of the adjusting part;
  • the driving part is connected with the clamping part to drive the clamping part to expand or close around the adjusting part.
  • the free end of the support part is located in the adjustment part.
  • the adjusting part includes an elastic body, one end of the elastic body is connected to the support part, and the other end of the elastic body has an opening and is freely suspended.
  • the size of the opening is less than or equal to the size of the free end.
  • a hollow snare structure is sheathed on the proximal edge of the elastomer to form the opening.
  • the proximal edge of the elastomer encloses to form the opening.
  • the elastomer is selected from at least one of a network structure, a frame structure, a dense structure, or a porous structure.
  • the elastomer when the elastomer is the mesh structure or the frame structure, at least part of the outer surface of the elastomer is coated with a film.
  • the elastic body when the elastic body is the mesh structure or the frame structure, the elastic body is formed by weaving or cutting a shape memory material.
  • the mesh of the mesh structure is bent back at the proximal end to form the proximal edge.
  • adjacent struts of the frame structure are spaced apart or cross-linked with each other, and the struts of the frame structure are gathered at the proximal end to form the Near the edge.
  • the dense structure when the elastomer is the dense structure, the dense structure is made of silica gel; when the elastomer is the porous structure, the porous structure is made of sponge; and The proximal edge of the dense structure or porous structure forms the opening.
  • the distal end of the elastic body is fixedly sleeved on the support portion, or a hollow snare structure is sleeved outside the distal edge of the elastic body, and the snare structure is fixedly sleeved on On the support part.
  • the clamping portion includes at least two pliers arms, the at least two pliers arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting portion, and the driving portion is respectively connected to each of the pliers arms to Each of the pliers arms is driven to rotate around the adjusting part.
  • the adjusting portion includes a plurality of first curved surfaces and a plurality of second curved surfaces, the first curved surfaces and the second curved surfaces are adjacent to each other, and the two oppositely disposed first curved surfaces are respectively Facing one of the clamp arms, the area of the second curved surface is smaller than the area of the first curved surface.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a grasping portion, the grasping portion is provided between the clamping portion and the adjustment portion and can be expanded or closed relative to the adjustment portion, so When the grasping portion and the clamping portion are both expanded, the grasping portion is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamping portion.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a base fixedly connected to the support part, and the clamping part is rotatably connected to the base.
  • the driving part includes: a driving shaft, a connecting seat, and at least two connecting rods; wherein one end of each connecting rod is connected to the clamping part, and the other end is pivotally connected to the connecting seat. And one end of the drive shaft is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end is movably installed in the base.
  • valve clamping device further includes a locking part provided in the base, and the locking part restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft and the base.
  • a fully fitting valve clamping device which includes:
  • a supporting portion has a certain axial length and includes a first end and a second end that are arranged oppositely;
  • An adjustment portion the adjustment portion includes a first end and a second end that are oppositely disposed, and a self-expanding body located between the first end and the second end; the first end of the adjustment portion is movably sleeved On the outside of the support part, the second end of the adjustment part is sleeved on the outside of the support part and is fixedly connected to the support part, and the first end of the adjustment part is located at the first end of the support part. Between the end and the second end of the adjusting portion; and
  • the clamping part is arranged on the outer side of the supporting part and can be expanded or closed relative to the adjusting part.
  • the diameter of the self-expanding body in a natural state gradually increases from the first end of the adjusting part to the second end of the adjusting part.
  • the self-expanding body is a mesh structure made of a shape memory material.
  • the outside and/or inside of the network structure is covered with a biocompatible film.
  • the self-expanding body has a recessed area connected to the second end of the adjusting portion, and the end of the recessed area extends toward the first end of the supporting portion to the first end of the adjusting portion.
  • the two ends, or the end of the recessed area extends toward the second end of the supporting part to the second end of the adjusting part.
  • it further includes a fixing member, and the second end of the adjusting part is threaded and fixed in the fixing member so as to be fixedly connected to the supporting part through the fixing member.
  • the self-expanding body includes a first section, a second section, and a third section that are sequentially connected;
  • the first section extends from the second end of the adjusting portion toward the second end of the support portion, and the first section surrounds the outside of the second end of the support portion; the second area Section continues to extend radially outward from the first section; and the third section extends from the second section toward the first end of the support portion while extending radially inward to the adjustment portion The first end is cut off.
  • the self-expanding body further includes a bending section connected between the second end of the adjusting part and the first section.
  • the radial dimension of the second section of the self-expanding body is in the range of 4mm-15mm, and the radial dimension of the first end of the adjustment part is in the range of 1mm-5mm.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a driving part, the clamping part includes at least two forceps arms, the at least two forceps arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting part, and the driving part Respectively connected with each of the pliers arms to drive each of the pliers arms close to or away from the adjusting part.
  • the first end of the support part is provided with a base, each of the pliers arms is rotatably connected to the base, and the first end of the support part is connected to the adjustment part. There is an axial distance between the first ends.
  • the driving part includes: a driving shaft, a connecting seat, and at least two connecting rods; wherein, one end of each connecting rod is rotatably connected to one of the clamp arms, and each connecting rod The other end of the drive shaft is rotatably connected with the connecting seat; and one end of the drive shaft is connected with the connecting seat, and the other end of the drive shaft is movably installed in the base.
  • valve clamping device further includes a locking part provided in the base, and the locking part restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft and the base.
  • the driving part includes: a driving shaft, an automatic closing unit, and at least two connecting rods; the driving shaft is movably installed in the supporting part, and one end of each connecting rod is connected to one The pliers arm is rotatably connected, and the other end of each link is rotatably connected with the drive shaft; and the automatic closing unit is connected to the pliers arm for making the pliers arm abut against the drive shaft in a natural state. ⁇ The adjustment section.
  • the driving part includes a driving shaft and at least two elastic driving arms, one end of the driving shaft is movably installed in the support part, and one end of each elastic driving arm is fixedly connected The other end of the drive shaft and the other end of each elastic drive arm are respectively connected to one of the pliers arm; and the elastic drive arm is used to make the pliers arm abut against the adjusting part in a natural state.
  • the end of the pliers arm is provided with a flanging section
  • the flanging section is an arc surface turned toward the outer side of the end of the pliers arm, and the pliers arm abuts against the adjusting part Later, the self-expanding body protrudes from the flange section in the axial direction.
  • the self-expanding body is provided with an adapting section corresponding to the flanging section, and the shape of the side of the adapting section facing the flanging section is complementary to the arc surface.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a grasping part, which is provided between the clamping part and the adjustment part and can be expanded or closed relative to the support part.
  • an adaptive valve clamping device which includes:
  • a support portion the support portion includes a first seat body and a second seat body connected to the first seat body;
  • a hollow adjusting part the first seat body is arranged in the adjusting part, the adjusting part includes a first end and a second end opposite to each other, and a self-adjusting part located between the first end and the second end. Expanding the main body, the first end of the adjusting part is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat and can move in the axial direction relative to the second seat, the second end of the adjusting part is suspended, and the first The seat body is closer to the second end of the adjusting portion than the second seat body; and
  • a clamping portion the clamping portion includes at least two pliers arms, each of the pliers arms is rotatably connected to the support portion, and a portion where the pliers arms are rotatably connected is close to the first end of the adjustment portion, the The pliers arm rotates around the supporting part so as to be close to or away from the adjusting part.
  • the first end of the adjusting part is provided with a first head, and the inner cavity surface of the first head and the outer surface of the second seat body are in clearance fit.
  • the fit gap between the inner cavity surface of the first head and the outer surface of the second seat body ranges from 0.01 to 3 mm.
  • the fit gap between the inner cavity surface of the first head and the outer surface of the second seat body ranges from 0.05 to 1 mm.
  • the fit gap between the inner cavity surface of the first head and the outer surface of the second seat body is in the range of 0.05-0.2 mm.
  • the surface roughness of the inner cavity surface of the first head is in the range of 0.1-2.5 micrometers, and/or the surface roughness of the outer surface of the second seat body is in the range of 0.1-2.5 micrometers .
  • the inner cavity of the first head is provided with a first rotation stopper
  • the outer surface of the second seat body is provided with a second rotation stopper corresponding to the first rotation stopper
  • first head and the first rotation stop are integrally formed or separately connected, and the second seat body and the second rotation stop are integrally formed or separately connected.
  • the first rotation stopper includes at least one flat surface and/or at least one arc surface
  • the second rotation stopper includes at least one flat surface and/or at least one arc surface
  • the first anti-rotation member and the second anti-rotation member are polyhedral structures that are matingly connected.
  • one of the first anti-rotation member and the second anti-rotation member is a sliding groove extending in the axial direction, and the other is a protrusion that cooperates with the sliding groove.
  • the support portion further includes a third seat body connected to the second seat body, and an end of the second seat body connected to the first seat body is provided with a stopper, the The inner diameter of the first seal head is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting member, and the inner diameter of the first seal head is smaller than the outer diameter of the third seat body.
  • the support portion further includes a third seat body connected to the second seat body, the inner diameter of the first head is smaller than the outer diameter of the first seat body, and the first seal The inner diameter of the head is smaller than the outer diameter of the third seat body.
  • the at least two pliers arms are rotatably connected to the third seat body, and the at least two pliers arms are circumferentially symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjustment portion.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device further includes a driving part including a driving shaft, a connecting seat, and at least two connecting rods, and one end of each connecting rod is connected to one of the clamps.
  • the arm is connected, the other end is pivotally connected to the connecting seat, one end of the drive shaft is connected to the connecting seat, and the other end is movably installed in the third seat body.
  • the driving part further includes a locking member provided in the third seat body, and the locking member is used to restrict the relative movement of the driving shaft and the third seat body.
  • the second end of the adjustment part has an opening.
  • the second end of the adjusting part is further provided with a second head.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device further includes a grasping portion, the grasping portion is provided between the forceps arm and the adjustment portion and can be close to or away from the forceps arm, so The gripping portion is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the forceps arm in a natural state.
  • the present disclosure relates to a valve clamping system, which includes the valve clamping device in each of the above aspects, and a delivery device.
  • the delivery device includes: a push shaft with a certain axial length and a movably mounted on the The mandrel in the push shaft is detachably connected to the support part, and the mandrel is connected to the driving part for driving the expansion and expansion of the clamping part relative to the support part. closure.
  • the present disclosure relates to a valve clamping system, which includes the valve clamping device and the delivery device in the above aspects.
  • the delivery device includes a push shaft with a certain axial length and is movably mounted on the push shaft
  • the push shaft is detachably connected to the supporting part, and the core shaft is used to drive the pliers arm to rotate around the supporting part.
  • At least a part of the supporting part of the valve clamping device and the valve clamping system including the valve clamping device is arranged in the hollow of the adjusting part, and one end of the adjusting part is sleeved outside the supporting part, and the adjusting part The other end is movable relative to the supporting part, and the movable end is no longer completely restricted by the supporting part or other devices, and the deformability of the adjusting part is improved. Therefore, when the valve clamping device is radially compressed into the transporter for intracorporeal delivery, it is not only easy to be compressed into the sheath, but also when transported in the blood vessel, it can adapt to different blood vessels, thereby facilitating the passage of the transporter in the blood vessel.
  • the adjusting part can be deformed, which can improve the elastic fit of the valve leaflet and the adjusting part, thereby improving the valve of different patients. Adaptability of leaf physiological structure.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the mitral valve in a normal state
  • Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of mitral valve disease
  • Figures 3 and 4 are schematic views of the structure of a valve clamping device in the prior art
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve clamping device according to the first embodiment of the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part and the supporting part in FIG. 5 after being combined;
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting part in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 5;
  • Fig. 9a is a schematic structural diagram of a pipe body for preparing the adjusting part in Fig. 5 in an example
  • Fig. 9b is a schematic structural view of the frame structure after the tube body in Fig. 9a is cut and shaped;
  • Fig. 9c is a schematic structural diagram of an exemplary elastic body prepared by cutting
  • Fig. 9d is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary elastic body prepared by cutting
  • Figure 9e is a partial schematic view of the proximal part of the elastic body in Figure 9d;
  • Fig. 9f is a schematic structural diagram of another exemplary elastic body prepared by cutting
  • FIG. 10a is a schematic diagram of an example mesh structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 10a is a schematic diagram of an example mesh structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 10b is a schematic diagram of another example mesh structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 5;
  • FIG. 10b is a schematic diagram of another example mesh structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 5;
  • Fig. 11 is a partial schematic diagram of an example of an adjustment part having a ring structure in Fig. 5;
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping part and the driving part in FIG. 5 after being combined;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting part and the base in FIG. 5;
  • Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the structure of the valve clamping device and the delivery device in Fig. 5;
  • Fig. 15 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the support part of the valve clamping device and the delivery device in Fig. 5;
  • Figures 16-20 are schematic diagrams of the delivery process of using the valve clamping device in Figure 5 to approach and repair the mitral valve anteriorly through the left atrium;
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of a valve clamping device according to a second embodiment of the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part in FIG. 21;
  • Fig. 23 is a partial schematic diagram of the distal end of the adjusting part in Fig. 22;
  • Figure 24a is a schematic structural view of a valve clamping device according to a third embodiment of the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Figure 24b is a schematic structural view of a preferred valve clamping device in Figure 24a;
  • 25a is a schematic diagram of a first curved surface side of an adjusting part of a valve clamping device according to a fourth embodiment of the first embodiment of the present disclosure
  • Fig. 25b is a schematic structural view of the second curved surface side of the adjusting part in Fig. 25a;
  • Figure 25c is a top view of the adjusting part in Figure 25a;
  • Fig. 26a is a schematic structural view of a valve clamping device according to a fifth embodiment of the first embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 26b is a schematic structural diagram of the valve clamping device in Fig. 26a partially retracted into the delivery device after being radially compressed;
  • Figure 27 is a schematic structural diagram of an existing valve clamping device
  • Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of the state of the valve clamping device shown in Fig. 27 when the valve leaflets are clamped;
  • Figure 29 is a schematic structural view of the valve clamping device of the first embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic view of the structure of the adjusting part and the supporting part in FIG. 29 after being combined;
  • FIG. 31 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part and the fixing part in FIG. 29 after being combined;
  • Fig. 32a is a schematic view of the three-dimensional structure of the adjusting part in Fig. 29 from a viewing angle;
  • FIG. 32b is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the adjusting portion in FIG. 29 from another viewing angle;
  • FIG. 33 is a schematic diagram of the state of the valve clamping device in FIG. 29 when the valve leaflets are clamped;
  • FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the structure of the clamping part and the driving part in FIG. 29 after being combined;
  • 35 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting part in FIG. 29;
  • FIG. 36 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the support part and the base in FIG. 29 in cooperation;
  • Fig. 37 is a structural schematic diagram of the cooperation between the support part of the valve clamping device and the delivery device in Fig. 29;
  • Figures 38-42 are schematic diagrams of the process of using the valve clamping device in Figure 29 to approach the left atrium anteriorly and perform edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve;
  • FIG. 43 is a schematic structural view of the valve clamping device of the second embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 44 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part and the supporting part in FIG. 43 after being combined;
  • FIG. 45 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part and the fixing part in FIG. 43 after being combined;
  • Fig. 46 is a schematic diagram of the state of the valve clamping device of the third embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure when clamping the leaflets;
  • FIG. 47 is a schematic structural view of the valve clamping device of the fourth embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 48 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting part, the driving part and the clamping part in FIG. 47 after being combined;
  • Fig. 49 is a schematic diagram of the state of the valve clamping device in Fig. 47 when the valve leaflets are clamped;
  • FIG. 50 is a schematic structural diagram of the valve clamping device of the fifth embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 51 is a schematic structural view of the valve clamping device of the sixth embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 52 is a schematic view of the structure of the supporting part, the driving part and the clamping part in FIG. 51 after being combined;
  • FIG. 53 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the valve clamping device of the seventh embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 54 is a schematic structural diagram of the valve clamping device and the delivery device of the eighth embodiment of the second embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 55 is a schematic diagram of the valve clamping device shown in Fig. 54 approaching the mitral valve via an apical approach;
  • Fig. 56 is a schematic structural diagram of an adaptive valve clamping device of Example 1 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 57 is a schematic structural view of the adaptive valve clamping device in the first embodiment of the third embodiment of the present disclosure in an expanded state;
  • FIG. 58 is a schematic structural diagram of the adaptive valve clamping device in a closed state of Example 1 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 59 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part and the supporting part in FIG. 57 after being combined;
  • Fig. 60 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting part in Fig. 57;
  • 61-63 are schematic diagrams of different structures of the adjusting part of Example 1 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 64 is another structural schematic diagram of the adaptive valve clamping device of Example 1 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • 65 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting part of the first embodiment of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 66 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first base in FIG. 65;
  • FIG. 67 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third base in FIG. 65;
  • FIG. 68 is a schematic diagram of the connection between the conveying device and the supporting part of Example 1 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 69 is an enlarged schematic diagram of part I in Fig. 68;
  • Figures 70-74 are schematic diagrams of the process of using the adaptive valve clamping device in Figure 57 to approach and repair the mitral valve anteriorly through the left atrium;
  • 75 and 76 are schematic diagrams of the structure of the supporting portion and the adjusting portion of Example 2 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 77 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the supporting part of the second embodiment of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • Fig. 79 is an exploded schematic diagram of the adjustment part of the third embodiment of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 80 is an exploded schematic view of the supporting part of Example 3 of the third embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the proximal end refers to the end closer to the operator, and the distal end refers to the end farther from the operator;
  • the axial direction refers to the end parallel to the medical treatment.
  • the direction of the connection between the center of the distal end and the center of the proximal end of the instrument is only for convenience of presentation, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • an element When an element is referred to as being “fixed to” or “disposed on” another element, the element can be directly connected to the other element, or indirectly connected to the other element through one or more connecting elements. When an element is said to be “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or connected to the other element through one or more connecting elements.
  • the proximal end refers to the end closer to the operator, and the distal end refers to the end farther from the operator; the rotation center of the cylinder, tube, etc.
  • the direction of the axis is defined as the axial direction; the circumferential direction is the direction surrounding the axis of a cylinder, tube, etc. (perpendicular to the axis and perpendicular to the radius of the section); the radial direction refers to the direction along the diameter or radius.
  • the valve clamping device shown in the drawings of the specification includes support parts A110, B110, and C110, the support parts A110, B110, and C110 are arranged along the axial direction; the hollow adjustment parts A120, B120, C120, and the support parts A110, B110, At least a part of C110 is provided in the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120, one end of the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120 is sleeved outside the supporting parts A110, B110, C110, and the other end of the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120 is opposite to the supporting part A110, B110, C110 are movable; the clamping parts A130, B130, C130, the clamping parts A130, B130, C130 are surrounded by the outside of the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120; and the driving parts A140, B140, C140, the driving parts and The clamping parts are connected to drive the clamping parts A130, B130, and C130 to approach or move away from the
  • the supporting parts A110, B110, and C110 include a first seat body A112, B115, C112 and a second seat body A111, B111, C114 that are connected in the axial direction, and the first seat body A112, B115, C112 are provided in the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120, that is, at least a part of the first seat body A112, B115, C112 is provided in the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120; and the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120 include the axial direction Oppositely arranged first ends A121a, B121, C122 and second ends A121b, B123, C124, and self-expanding bodies A120, B125, C121 located between the first ends A121a, B121, C122 and the second ends A121b, B123, C124 .
  • the first seat bodies A112, B115, and C112 are farther away from the clamping parts A130, B130, and C130 than
  • the first end A121a is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the second seat body A111, and the second end A121b is freely suspended relative to the supporting portion A110 so as to be movable relative to the supporting portion.
  • the second end A121b can also be movably sleeved on the outside of the first seat body A112 and can move in the axial direction relative to the supporting portion A110.
  • the second end B123 is fixedly sleeved on the outside of the first seat body B115. At this time, only a part of the first seat body B115 is inside the adjusting portion B120, and the first end B121 is movably sleeved on the second seat body The outside of B111 can move relative to the supporting part B110 along the axial direction.
  • the first end C122 is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C114 and can move in the axial direction relative to the support portion A110
  • the second end C124 is sleeved on the outside of the first seat body C112 and It is movable in the axial direction relative to the supporting portion C110.
  • the second end C124 can also be freely suspended relative to the supporting portion C110 so as to be movable relative to the supporting portion C110.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 are elastomers, and the adjustment parts A120, B120, and C120 are provided with openings at the second ends A121b, B123, and C124.
  • the elastomer is selected from at least one of a network structure, a frame structure, a dense structure, or a porous structure.
  • the elastomer is a mesh structure or a frame structure, and at least part of the outer surface and/or at least part of the inner surface of the elastomer is covered with a biocompatible film.
  • the second ends A121b, B123, and C124 of the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120 are heads with a central through hole, a part of the elastomer is pierced and fixed in the head, and the central through hole forms an opening.
  • the edges of the second ends A121b, B123, C124 are sleeved with a hollow snare structure to form an opening; or the edges of the second ends A121b, B123, C124 are enclosed to form an opening.
  • the elastic body is a mesh structure, and the elastic body is knitted by a shape memory material, and the mesh wire woven to form the mesh structure is bent back to form an opening at the second ends A121b, B123, and C124.
  • the elastomer is a frame structure
  • the frame structure is cut from a shape memory material
  • the frame structure includes a plurality of struts, and adjacent struts are spaced apart or cross-linked. The ends are gathered to form an opening.
  • the elastomer has a dense structure, and the dense structure is made of silica gel; or the elastomer is a porous structure, and the porous structure is made of sponge; and the second end edge of the dense structure or porous structure forms an opening.
  • the diameter of at least a portion of the self-expanding body in a natural state gradually increases from the first end of the adjusting part to the second end of the adjusting part.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 have a recessed area connected to the second end. Between the end faces.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 include a first section, a second section, and a third section that are sequentially connected; the second ends of the first section self-adjusting parts A120, B120, and C120 A121b, B123, C124 extend toward the second end of the support part, and the first section surrounds the outside of the second end of the support part; the second section continues to extend radially outward from the first section; and the third section It extends from the second section toward the first end of the support portion and simultaneously extends radially inward to the first ends A121a, B121, and C122 of the adjusting portion to cut off.
  • the self-expanding body A120, B125, C121 further includes a bending section connected to the second end A121b, B123, C124 of the adjusting portion A120, B125, C121 and one of the first section between.
  • the range of the radial dimension of the second section of the self-expanding body A120, B125, C121 is 4mm-15mm, The size range is 1mm-5mm.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 include a plurality of first curved surfaces and a plurality of second curved surfaces along the circumferential direction.
  • the first curved surfaces and the second curved surfaces are adjacent to each other, and two first curved surfaces are arranged opposite to each other. Facing the clamping part respectively, the area of the second curved surface is smaller than the area of the first curved surface.
  • the first seat body A112, B115, C112 includes interface ends connected to the second seat bodies A111, B111, C114 and free ends disposed opposite to the interface ends, and the free ends are located at the adjustment parts A120, B120, Within C120.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 are elastomers, and the adjustment parts A120, B120, and C120 are provided with openings at the second ends A121b, B123, and C124; and the size of the opening is less than or equal to the size of the free end .
  • a hollow snare structure is sleeved outside the edge of one end of the adjusting parts A120, B120, C120, and the snare structure is sleeved on the outside of the support part.
  • the clamping parts A130, B130, and C130 include at least two forceps arms.
  • the at least two forceps arms are symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjustment parts A120, B120, and C120, and the driving parts A140, B140, and C140 are respectively connected to each The pliers arms are connected to drive each pliers arm closer to or away from the adjusting parts A120, B120, and C120.
  • the supporting parts A110, B110, and C110 further include a base connected to the second base, each of the clamp arms is rotatably connected to the base, and the connection between the clamp arm and the base is connected to the first end. There is an axial distance between them.
  • the driving parts A140, B140, C140 include: a driving shaft, a connecting seat, and at least two connecting rods; wherein one end of each connecting rod is connected to the clamping part, and the other end is pivotally connected to the connecting seat; And one end of the drive shaft is connected with the connecting seat, and the other end is movably installed in the base.
  • valve clamping device further includes a locking part provided in the base, and the locking part restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft and the base.
  • the driving parts A140, B140, C140 include: a driving shaft, an automatic closing unit and at least two connecting rods; the driving shaft is movably installed in the supporting part, and one end of each connecting rod rotates with a clamp arm Connected, the other end of each link is rotatably connected with the drive shaft; and the automatic closing unit is connected to the pliers arm for making the pliers arm abut the adjusting part in a natural state.
  • the driving parts A140, B140, C140 include: the driving part includes a driving shaft and at least two elastic driving arms, one end of the driving shaft is movably installed in the supporting part, and one end of each elastic driving arm is fixed The other end of the driving shaft is connected, and the other end of each elastic driving arm is respectively connected with a pliers arm; and the elastic driving arm is used to make the pliers arm abut the adjusting part in a natural state.
  • the end of the pliers arm is provided with a flanging section
  • the flanging section is an arc surface turned toward the outer side of the end of the pliers arm
  • the pliers arm protrudes in the axial direction from the expansion body after abutting against the adjusting part In the flanging section.
  • the self-expanding bodies A120, B125, and C121 are provided with an adapting section corresponding to the flanging section, and the shape of the side of the adapting section facing the flanging section is complementary to the arc surface.
  • the valve clamping device further includes a grasping portion A150, B150, C150, the grasping portion is provided between the clamping portion and the adjusting portion and can be close to or away from the adjusting portion, the grasping portion and the clamping portion When both are far away from the adjusting part, the gripping part is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamping part.
  • a valve clamping device A100 includes: a support portion A110, the support portion A110 includes a connecting end A111 and a free end A112 that are oppositely disposed; a hollow adjustment portion A120, supporting At least a part of the part A110 is arranged in the adjusting part A120, one end A121a of the adjusting part A120 is sleeved outside the connecting end A111 and connected to the supporting part A110, and the other end A121b of the adjusting part A120 is freely suspended; the clamping part A130, the clamping part A130 is arranged on the outside of the adjusting part A120; the driving part A140 is connected with the clamping part A130 to drive the clamping part A130 to expand or close around the adjusting part A120.
  • the supporting portion A110 is provided in the hollow of the adjusting portion A120, one end A121a of the adjusting portion A120 is sleeved outside the connecting end A111 and connected to the supporting portion A110, and the other end A121b of the adjusting portion A120 Freely suspended, the freely suspended end is no longer restricted by the support part A110 or the delivery device A200, which improves the axial deformation ability of the adjustment part A120, and at the same time enhances its bending deformation ability in the axial direction.
  • the device A100 When the device A100 is radially compressed into the transporter for intracorporeal delivery, it is not only easy to be compressed into the sheath, but also when transported in a blood vessel, it can adapt to blood vessels with different curvatures, thereby facilitating the passage of the transporter in the blood vessel, thereby reducing Damage to the blood vessel wall.
  • the valve clamping device A100 after the valve clamping device A100 is implanted, in the process of clamping the valve leaflet and the adjusting part A120 through the clamp arm A131, since the axial deformation of the adjusting part A120 is not limited, the elasticity of the valve leaflet and the adjusting part A120 can be improved. Compliance, which in turn improves the adaptability of the physiological structure of the valve leaflets in different patients.
  • the supporting portion A110 may be a circular tube body with two ends axially through, the distal end of the circular tube body is the connecting end A111, and the proximal end is the free end A112. At least a part of the supporting portion A110 is provided in the hollow of the adjusting portion A120.
  • the free end A112 of the supporting portion A110 is located in the adjusting portion A120, and the free end A112 is located in the adjusting portion A120 in the conveying state and the unfolding state.
  • the adjustment part A120 will be exposed outside.
  • the supporting portion A110 is also provided with an axial through-hole-shaped through channel A113 to cooperate with the driving portion A140 and the conveying device A200 in linkage.
  • At least two locking positions A114 are provided on the tube wall of the round tube body of the supporting part A110 for detachably connecting with the conveying device A200.
  • the conveying device A200 and the supporting part A110 can be snapped and connected, and the valve clamping device A100 can be transported.
  • the delivery device A200 is separated from the valve clamping device A100 and released in the body.
  • the free end A112 of the proximal end of the valve clamping device A100 of the present disclosure is located in the hollow adjusting portion A120, whether in the delivery state or in the released state, so it will never be exposed in the delivery device A200 or exposed to the heart. In this way, the erosion of blood is avoided, and the formation of thrombus after implantation is minimized. Moreover, after implantation, direct contact with the valve leaflets is also avoided, accompanied by long-term pulsation of the valve leaflets, abrasion and even perforation of the valve leaflets are avoided, and the safety of the implanted patient is improved.
  • the adjusting portion A120 includes a deformable elastic body A123 having a hollow accommodating cavity, and at least a part of the supporting portion A110 is provided in the hollow accommodating cavity.
  • One end A121a of the elastic body A123 is connected to the support portion A110, and the other end A121b of the elastic body A123 has an opening A122 and is freely suspended.
  • the elastic body A123 is deformable, so as to adapt to the distance between different leaflets, and adjust the pulling degree of the valve leaflets by the valve clamping device A100.
  • the opening A122 of the elastic body A123 is used to pierce the distal end of the delivery device A200.
  • the distal end of the delivery device A200 penetrates into the inner cavity of the elastic body A123 through the opening A122 and is connected to the proximal end (free end) of the support portion A110. ) Is connected, and the opening A122 of the distal end of the elastic body A123 is not connected to the distal end of the delivery device A200 or the proximal end (free end) of the support portion A110, that is, the proximal end A121b of the elastic body A123 is in a freely suspended state.
  • the elastic body A123 in the adjusting part A120 is not restricted by the supporting part A110 or the conveying device A200, and is both radial and axial. It is deformable, with a greater degree of deformation, is more conducive to delivery, and has stronger adaptability to the valve leaflets; when the connection between the distal end of the delivery device A200 or the proximal end (free end) of the support part A110 is released, the adjustment part A120 The freely suspended end has stronger deformability and stronger adaptability to the valve leaflets.
  • the elastic body A123 is a mesh structure, and the mesh structure can be woven from a shape memory material.
  • a super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy material can be used for weaving and heat setting treatment to form a compression
  • the state and the expanded state are maintained in the compressed state in the delivery device A200, and the expanded state is maintained after being released in the body.
  • the elastic body A123 of the mesh structure is made by weaving. When making, first wind 12-36 nickel-titanium wires with a diameter of 0.02-0.15mm on the backing rod and weave to form a cylindrical shape.
  • the woven mesh has a relatively set proximal and distal ends.
  • multiple mesh wires A124 are bent back to form multiple loops, and multiple loops are enclosed to form the proximal edge. Then a wire is passed through all the loops at the proximal end in turn, and then the wire is moderately tightened, but Keep a moderately sized opening.
  • the elastic body A123 can also be a frame structure, which is cut from hard metal or polymer materials such as stainless steel, alloy, and polyvinyl chloride.
  • the inner surface of the elastic body A123 after being cut is smooth and flat to avoid thrombus formation in the elastic body A123 and to ensure that the fixing member A220 (see FIG. 14) can be withdrawn smoothly from the opening A122 of the elastic body A123.
  • the cutting method may be wire cutting or laser cutting, preferably laser cutting. When making, first use a laser cutting machine to cut the nickel titanium tube A126 into the required shape. The nickel-titanium piece obtained by cutting is pressed into a shaping mold with a certain shape.
  • the rear elastic body A123 has a frame structure and includes a plurality of radially spaced apart and axially extending struts A127.
  • the proximal ends of the plurality of struts A127 are gathered to form a freely suspended proximal edge.
  • the distal ends of the plurality of struts A127 are converged and welded to the supporting portion A110.
  • the Nitinol tube is a tube with a certain wall thickness. Specifically, the Nitinol tube has a wall thickness of less than 1 mm, preferably 0.02-0.15 mm, and has a certain degree of flexibility and rigidity.
  • the elastic body A123 is a frame structure formed by cutting, formed by a plurality of struts A127 matingly connected, the proximal end A121b of the elastic body A123 is an open structure, the frame structure is at the proximal end A121b of all struts A127 The proximal edge is enclosed to form the above-mentioned opening A122.
  • the elastic body A123 is still a frame structure, formed by a plurality of supporting rods A127, the proximal end A121b of the elastic body A123 is an open structure, and each supporting rod A127 at the proximal end A121b can also be provided There are through holes A127a, and the through holes A127a pass through a flexible wire A129 to form an opening A122 in series with the through holes A127a.
  • the elastic body A123 is still a frame structure and is formed by a plurality of supporting rods A127.
  • the proximal end A121b of the elastic body A123 is an open structure.
  • the adjacent supporting rods A127 of the frame structure can be cut to cross each other.
  • the adjacent struts A127 at the edge of the proximal end A121b are cut and cross-linked to form a ring structure A129.
  • the elastic body A123 of the adjusting part A120 can also be other elastic hollow structures.
  • the elastic body A123 can be a dense structure or a porous structure, the dense structure is silica gel, and the porous structure is sponge, dense or porous.
  • the proximal edge forms an opening A122 for the distal end of the delivery device A200 to penetrate the inner cavity of the elastic body A123.
  • the shape of the elastic body A123 is selected from at least one of a cylindrical shape, a cone shape, a sphere, an oblate sphere, an ellipsoid, a fan sphere, or a gourd shape, and may also be a combination of multiple shapes.
  • the diameter of the part near the distal end of the elastic body A123 should be smaller than that of the elastic body A123 The diameter of other parts. For example, in the embodiment shown in FIG.
  • the middle of the elastic body A123 is columnar, the two ends are cones, and the cone angles of the cones at both ends are the same. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the elastic body A123 can also have any other shape, as long as the diameter of the distal end does not affect the clamping effect. For example, a spindle-shaped structure with the same taper angle at both ends shown in FIG. 10a, or a structure with different taper angles at both ends shown in FIG. 10b.
  • the above-mentioned adjusting portion A120 includes a proximal end and a distal end.
  • a hollow snare structure (not shown in the figure) is sleeved on the proximal edge of the elastic body A123 to form an opening.
  • the snare structure may be an existing snare structure. Head structure.
  • the snare structure can be ring-shaped or polygonal, and can be made of hard materials such as stainless steel, so that the mesh of the mesh structure or the support rod of the frame structure can be properly folded toward the central axis, but not closed, so that it is at the center of the snare structure
  • An opening A122 is formed.
  • the proximal edge of the elastic body A123 encloses the aforementioned opening A122, and the size of the opening A122 is smaller than or equal to the size of the free end A112, so as to ensure that the free end A112 of the support portion A110 is in both compressed and expanded states.
  • the adjustment part A120 will not be extended.
  • the mesh structure A123 is formed by weaving and heat setting nickel-titanium alloy wires, and the mesh The mesh A124 of the shape structure A123 is bent back at the proximal end to form the proximal edge, that is, all the mesh A124 is enclosed at the bending part of the proximal edge to form an opening A122.
  • the shape of the winding can be set according to needs, such as one-time winding. Folding, or winding multiple times to form at least one loop and then rewinding, etc., will not be repeated here.
  • the proximal edge of the elastic body A123 is enclosed to form an opening A122, which eliminates the proximal end cap of the adjusting part A120 of the valve clamping device A100.
  • the elastic body A123 can be used not only in the radial direction but also in the axial direction. Deformation, the degree of deformation is greater, which is more conducive to conveying; In addition, the elastic body A123 is not restricted by the axial movement of each mesh or strut of the head, so it can be curled or bent appropriately to completely fit the valve leaflet.
  • the adjustment portion A120 may also include a ring structure A125 provided on the edge of the proximal end to stabilize the shape of the opening A122. All the mesh wires A124 of the network structure A123 at the proximal end are wound with the ring structure A125. connect.
  • the ring structure A125 is made of flexible or elastic material, and its wire diameter is larger than the wire diameter of the mesh wire of the woven mesh structure A123, so as to provide a certain supporting force for the opening A122 of the mesh structure A123, but does not affect the mesh structure A123. Axial deformation ability and bending ability.
  • the distal end of the adjusting part A120 is fixedly connected to the supporting part A110.
  • a hollow snare structure is sleeved outside the distal edge of the elastic body A123, and the snare structure is fixedly sleeved on the support portion A110.
  • the snare structure of the distal end A121a (for example, the head at the distal end A121a in Figure 8) and the support part A110 are fixed in common detachable or non-detachable connection methods such as welding, bonding, threaded connection, crimping, and bolt locking. At the same time, for example, welding connection may be preferred.
  • the clamping part A130 includes at least two pliers arms A131. Generally, it may include at least one set of pliers arms A131. Each set of pliers arms A131 includes two pliers arms A131 symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting portion A120.
  • the clamping portion A130 in the figure includes a set of pliers arms A131. It should be understood that this is only used as an example. A person of ordinary skill in the art can select a suitable number of pliers arms A131 according to needs, for example, two or more sets of pliers arms. .
  • the driving part A140 is respectively connected to each of the clamp arms A131.
  • the driving part A140 is respectively connected to two clamp arms A131 of a set of clamp arms A131 to drive each clamp arm A131 to rotate around the adjusting part A120.
  • three or more forceps arms A131 can also be provided in each group as required.
  • the three leaflets of the tricuspid valve can be clamped by three forceps arms A131 that can be opened and closed relatively. Thereby treating tricuspid regurgitation.
  • the driving part A140 drives the forceps arm A131 to close around the adjusting part A120, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the valve clamping device A100, which is conducive to delivery; after the valve clamping device A100 is deployed in the body, the driving part A140 drives the forceps arm A131 to remove the valve The leaf is clamped between the clamp arm A131 and the adjusting part A120 to realize the clamping of the valve leaflet.
  • the valve clamping device A100 further includes a grasping portion, which generally may include at least one set of grasping arms A151, and each set of grasping arms A151 includes two sets of grasping arms A151 symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting portion A120.
  • a grasping arm A151, the grasping portion (such as grasping arm A151) is provided between the clamping portion A130 (such as the clamp arm A131) and the adjusting portion A120 and can be expanded or closed relative to the adjusting portion A120, the grasping portion and the clamping When the parts A130 are all unfolded, the gripping part is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamping part A130.
  • three or more grasping arms A151 can also be provided in each group as required, so as to cooperate with the clamp arms A131 to realize the clamping function.
  • the grasping portion is at least partially contained in the inner surface of the clamping portion A130, that is, the grasping arm A151 is at least partially contained in the inner surface of the clamp arm A131, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the valve clamping device A100, which is beneficial to Delivery; after the forceps arm A131 and the grasping arm A151 cooperate to clamp the valve leaflets, the concave inner surface can increase the contact area of the forceps arm A131 and the valve leaflets, and make the grasping arm A151 press the leaflets into the forceps arm A131 In the inner surface, the clamping force on the valve leaflets is increased.
  • the valve clamping device A100 further includes a base A160 fixedly connected to the supporting portion A110, and the clamping portion A130 is rotatably connected to the base A160. Specifically, the proximal end of the base A160 is fixedly connected to the distal end A121a of the support portion A110.
  • this part is defined as the term "base” for the convenience of explanation.
  • the structure that realizes the function of the base A160 can also be
  • the distal end of the support portion A110 is an integral structure formed with the support portion A110, so the definition of the term "base” should not form a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.
  • Each clamp arm A131 in each group is connected together on the base A160 by a pivot A132, so that under the driving of the driving part A140, each clamp arm A131 can cooperate with each other to expand and close together around the adjustment part A120.
  • the driving part A140 includes: a driving shaft A141, a connecting seat A142 and two connecting rods A143; wherein one end of each connecting rod A143 is connected to the clamping part A130, and the other end is pivoted to the connecting seat A142 Connect; One end of the drive shaft A141 is connected to the connecting seat A142, and the other end is movably installed in the base A160. Specifically, one end of each link A143 is connected to a clamp arm A131, and the other end is connected to the connecting seat A142 through a pivot A144, that is, each clamp arm A131 is rotatably connected to the drive shaft A141 through a corresponding side link A143. The distal end of the connector block A142.
  • the drive shaft A141 movably passes through the base A160. When the drive shaft A141 slides axially relative to the base A160, the connecting rod A143 rotates and drives the clamp arm A131 to open and close relative to the base A160.
  • the driving part A140 includes at least one set of connecting rods A143, the number of connecting rods A143 is set in a one-to-one correspondence with the setting of the clamp arms A131, for example, two clamp arms A131 are used in the figure, and two cooperating working Connecting rod A143.
  • the distal end of the connecting rod A143 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat A142 at the distal end of the drive shaft A141 by means of rotating pins or bolts A144.
  • the connecting rod A143 is driven to move.
  • the clamp arm A131 rotates around the pin hole A144 and opens relative to the base A160.
  • the connecting rod A143 pulls the clamp arm A131 to rotate around the pin hole A144 to close relative to the base A160.
  • the connecting seat A142 is fixedly arranged at the distal end of the driving shaft A141 by welding or the like, and the connecting seat A142 is provided with a pair of pins.
  • the pin hole is used to connect the connecting rod A143 through the hinge of the pin A144, and the other end of the connecting rod A143 is connected to the clamp arm A131, so as to realize the opening and closing of the clamp arm A131 relative to the base A160.
  • the shape of the connecting seat A142 is any structure such as a hemisphere, a spherical crown, or a bullet shape, so that the valve clamping device A100 is easier to push in the body.
  • the drive shaft A141 and the connecting seat A142 may be an integral structure or a non-integral structure.
  • the drive shaft A141 and the connecting seat A142 are made of biocompatible materials such as polyester, silicone resin, stainless steel, cobalt alloy, cobalt chromium alloy or titanium alloy, preferably stainless steel with higher hardness Or cobalt-chromium alloy.
  • the valve clamping device A100 further includes a locking portion A170 provided in the base A160, and the locking portion A170 restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft A141 and the base A160.
  • the locking portion A170 restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft A141 and the base A160, so as to ensure that the clamping portion A130 is always kept closed relative to the adjusting portion A120 and the supporting portion A110, and avoiding accidental expansion of the clamping portion A130;
  • the restriction on the drive shaft A141 by the locking portion A170 is unlocked, and the clamping portion A130 can be driven by the drive portion A140 to expand and support the valve leaflet relative to the adjusting portion A120 and the supporting portion A110.
  • Any existing suitable locking part can be used, and will not be repeated here.
  • the valve clamping system of this embodiment includes the valve clamping device A100 and the delivery device A200, wherein the delivery device A200 includes: a push shaft A210 with a certain axial length and movably mounted on The mandrel in the push shaft A210 (not shown in the figure), the push shaft A210 and the supporting part A110 are detachably connected, and the mandrel is connected with the driving part A140 for driving the expansion of the clamping part A130 relative to the supporting part A110 And closed.
  • the proximal end of the drive shaft A141 is provided with an external thread, and the mandrel and the drive shaft A141 are threadedly connected, so that the axial movement of the drive shaft A141 is controlled by the mandrel outside the patient's body. It should be understood that what is listed here is only a part of the structure of the conveying device, and other parts can adopt any existing suitable structure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the proximal outer wall of the support portion A110 is symmetrically provided with at least one detent A114 connected to the lumen of the support portion A110, and the distal end of the push shaft A210 is provided with a fixing member A220.
  • the fixing member A220 includes two branches, each branch The end is a raised card table A221. In the natural state, both branches point to the central axis of the fixing member A220.
  • the fixing member A220 is made of materials with certain hardness and elasticity such as nickel titanium.
  • the push shaft A210 can adopt a multi-layer composite pipe body.
  • the mandrel is made of stainless steel.
  • the support part A110 is provided with a through hole as a through passage A113 of the drive shaft A141, and the drive shaft A141 is slidably penetrated in the through passage A113 of the support part A110 in the axial direction.
  • the proximal end of the drive shaft A141 is provided with an external thread for connecting with the mandrel of the conveying device A200, so that the axial movement of the drive shaft A141 is controlled by the mandrel.
  • the mandrel drives the drive shaft A141 to move proximally in the axial direction
  • the drive shaft A141 drives the connecting rod A143 to rotate
  • the connecting rod A143 drives the clamp arm A131 relative to each other.
  • connection point ie, the release point
  • the connection point between the valve clamping device A100 and the delivery device A200 is located in the adjusting part A120 of the valve clamping device A100, and the proximal end of the adjusting part A120 is provided with an open opening A122 , There is no component that can hook the clamping platform A221 at the branch end of the fixing member A220, which facilitates the release of the valve clamping device A100.
  • the relief site is provided inside the adjusting part A120, and is not directly washed by blood, which can avoid the failure of the mechanism of the relief site and reduce the risk of thrombosis.
  • valve clamping device A100 of the present disclosure taking the antegrade approach and repair of the mitral valve through the left atrium as an example, the use process of the valve clamping device A100 of the present disclosure is described:
  • Step 1 As shown in Figure 16, the drive shaft A141 and the valve clamping device A100 connected to it are advanced from the left atrium A2 through the mitral valve A1 through a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown in the figure) Reach left ventricle A3;
  • a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown in the figure) Reach left ventricle A3;
  • Step 2 Adjust the valve clamping device A100 to approach the anterior leaflet A1a and posterior leaflet A1b of the mitral valve A1;
  • Step 3 As shown in Figure 17, unlock the locking part of the base A160, pull the mandrel and the drive shaft A141 to the proximal end, drive the clamp arm A131 to open relative to the support part A110, and adjust the direction of the clamp arm A131.
  • the relative positions of the forceps arm A131 and the anterior leaflets A1a and the posterior leaflets A1b of the mitral valve A1 can be observed through X-ray equipment, so that the forceps arm A131 is perpendicular to the aligning line of the mitral valve A1;
  • Step 4 As shown in Figure 18, withdraw the entire valve clamping device A100 proximally, so that the forceps arm A131 supports the valve leaflet A1 on the left ventricle A3 side, and releases the grasping arms A151 on both sides.
  • the holding arm A151 presses the valve leaflet A1 on the atrium side and cooperates with the clamp arm A131 on this side to fix the valve leaflet A1 to realize the complete clamping of the valve leaflet A1;
  • Step 5 As shown in Figure 19, when the anterior leaflet A1a and the posterior leaflet A1b of the mitral valve A1 are clamped between a pair of forceps arms A131 and a grasping arm A151, the mandrel and drive shaft are pushed distally A141, thereby driving the clamp arm A131 to close;
  • Step 6 Release the threaded connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft A141, and withdraw the mandrel, the two branches of the fixing member A220 return to the state of being close to the central axis, and the clamping table A221 is in the clamping position A114 of the supporting part A110 After separation, the connection between the valve clamping device A100 and the delivery device A200 is released, and then the delivery device A200 is withdrawn from the body to obtain the implanted state as shown in FIG. The anterior leaflet A1a and the posterior leaflet A1b are pulled toward each other to obtain a bicuspid mitral valve, which completes the edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve.
  • the elastic adjustment part A120 is filled between the anterior leaflet A1a and the posterior leaflet A1b of the clamped mitral valve A1, and abuts against the forceps arm A131, the elastic body of the adjustment part A120 A123 (such as a net-like structure or a porous structure, etc.) has a buffering effect on the pulsating leaflet A1, so that the degree of traction of the valve leaflet A1 by the valve clamping device A100 can be adjusted to avoid damage to the valve leaflet A1; in addition, the elastic body A123 can be squeezed and deformed following the pulsation of the valve leaflet A1, and the generated elastic force pushes the part of the valve leaflet A1 close to the elastic body A123 in a direction away from the base A160.
  • the elastic body is caused by the opening A122 structure of the adjusting part A120.
  • the axial movement of A123 toward the proximal end is no longer restricted, and the clamping angle between the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve is smaller than the opening angle between the forceps arms A131, which can reduce the valve clamping device A100 against the leaflet A1
  • the traction of the valve clamping device A100 on the valve leaflet A1 is always kept within a reasonable range; in addition, the elastic body A123 can buffer the direct flushing of the blood flow to the interior of the valve clamping device A100, avoiding the valve clamping device A100 is continuously washed by blood and falls off, which can also prevent blood from pooling and forming thrombus in the dead corner between the clamping parts A130 of the valve clamping device A100 (G in Figure 5); in addition, the elastic body A123 is subjected to the pressure of the valve When acting, it will deform to a certain degree, and the degree of deformation will increase with the increase of pressure, so as
  • the mesh structure of the adjusting portion A320 of the valve clamping device A300 according to the second embodiment of the present disclosure is located on all the mesh wires A324 of the distal end A321
  • the fixed sleeve is arranged on the supporting part A310. That is to say, both ends A322 and A321 of the adjusting part A320 are open structures without heads, and the adjusting part A320 directly connects the mesh A324 of the distal end A321 of the adjusting part A322 through welding, bonding, crimping and other common detachable or It is fixed on the support portion A310 in a non-detachable connection manner, and welding connection is preferred in this embodiment.
  • the opening or closing of the clamping portion A330 rotates around the pivot axis A332 (e.g., a pin) near the distal end of the adjusting portion A320.
  • the pivot axis A332 e.g., a pin
  • the closer to the pivot A332 the smaller the space.
  • some of the leaflets A1 will fill the space accumulated at D, which will not only affect the closing of the valve clamping device, but also when the filling of the leaflets A1 cannot be found in time, When the valve clamping device is forcibly closed, the forceps arm will cause serious damage to the valve leaflet A1 there.
  • the adjusting portion A320 can better comply with the deformation of the valve leaflet A1 during the closing process of the valve clamping device A300.
  • the adjusting part A320 reduces the hard head, thereby increasing the space there, it is beneficial for the entire valve clamping device A300 to be better closed after the valve leaflet A1 is grasped.
  • the valve clamping device A400 according to the third embodiment of the present disclosure has at least part of the outer surface of the mesh structure of the adjusting portion A420 applied with a coating.
  • a coating film can also be applied to at least part of the outer surfaces of the clamping portion A430 and the grasping portion A450.
  • the covering film can be a woven mesh structure with a plurality of mesh openings.
  • the outer parts of the grasping arm A451 and the forceps arm A431 are respectively covered with a first film and a second film, and the elastic body of the adjusting part A420 is covered with a third film.
  • the relationship between the size of the open porosity of the three is: the open porosity of the third covering film ⁇ the open porosity of the first covering film ⁇ the open porosity of the second covering film.
  • the open porosity refers to the percentage of the open porosity area in the entire coating area.
  • the opening rate of the second covering film is larger, so that the second covering film has better elasticity and elongation than the first covering film.
  • the second covering film can follow the opening and closing of the forceps arm to produce corresponding elastic deformation, and the second covering film is always attached to the forceps arm.
  • the opening rate of the third covering film is the smallest, so that the elastic body can basically obstruct the blood flow.
  • the mesh on the first membrane and the second membrane can pass blood and prevent thrombus from passing through, and the mesh on the third membrane can pass neither blood nor thrombus.
  • the first membrane can allow blood to penetrate through, without affecting the normal flow of blood from the left atrium to the left ventricle, and avoid blood stagnation in the left atrium, thereby reducing blood pressure damage to the left atrium cavity; the first membrane can also The contact area between the grasping arm and blood is increased to buffer the inflowing blood flow, so as to avoid as far as possible from the inflowing blood stream impacting the valve clamping device and causing the grasping arm to deform and cause slippage.
  • the second membrane can make blood flow in the left atrium and between the left ventricle normally, thereby reducing the blood pressure difference between the left atrium and the left ventricle; the second membrane can also enter a very small amount through the first membrane
  • the thrombus inside the valve clamping device is blocked and stays in the valve clamping device, preventing the thrombus from entering the left ventricle and entering the blood circulation of the human body to induce stroke.
  • the elastic body with the third membrane not only increases biocompatibility, avoids tissue allergies and inflammation, and improves product safety. More importantly, the elastic body with the third membrane can also form an artificial body on the atrial side of the valve leaflet.
  • the barrier blocks the thrombus in the blood, closes the opening of the entire valve clamping device toward the atrium side, and avoids the repeated washing of blood at the inner dead corner of the valve clamping device to form thrombus, thereby avoiding thrombosis.
  • the first film, the second film and the third film can all be made of polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyurethane and other polymer materials, and the three materials can be the same or It may be different. In this embodiment, all three are made of PET.
  • the adjusting part A520 of the valve clamping device according to the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure has a free hanging end and a distal end cap A521, the free hanging There may be an opening A522 at the end.
  • the adjusting part A520 includes a plurality of first curved surfaces A520a and a plurality of second curved surfaces A520b. It is only adjacent to the second curved surface A520b, and the second curved surface A520b is also only adjacent to the first curved surface A520a.
  • the two opposed first curved surfaces A520a face one clamp arm respectively, and the area of the second curved surface A520b is smaller than that of the first curved surface A520a. area.
  • the first curved surface A520a with a relatively small area is facing the forceps arm
  • the second curved surface A520b with a relatively large area is smoothly connected between the two first curved surfaces A520a.
  • the first curved surface A520a of the adjusting part is squeezed by the forceps arm and the leaflet, and the adjusting part extends along the direction of the second curved surface A520b, and gradually fits the leaflet, so as to better adapt to the shape of the leaflet and increase
  • the contact area between the first curved surface A520a and the valve leaflets reduces the gap between the valve clamping device and the valve leaflets, slows blood flow and hinders the blood flow from washing the valve clamping device.
  • the curvature of the first curved surface A520a may also be greater than the curvature of the second curved surface A520b, so that the adjustment portion presents a flat ellipsoidal shape to avoid affecting the closing of the pliers arm.
  • the first curved surface A520a of the adjusting portion is pressed by the pliers arm and the leaflets, and the adjusting portion extends along the direction of the second curved surface A520b.
  • the first end of the valve is open and arranged so that the distal end of the delivery system will not be hooked, so that the valve clamping device can be detached from the connection of the delivery device of the valve clamping device under the condition that the adjusting part is arbitrarily deformed.
  • the structure of the adjusting portion A620 of the valve clamping device A600 according to the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure is the same as the structure of the adjusting portion A120 of the first embodiment.
  • the difference lies in the way that the clamping part A630 and the grasping part A650 cooperate to grasp the valve leaflets.
  • the clamping portion A630 includes a set of pliers arms A631 that can be expanded or closed relative to the supporting portion A610 and the adjusting portion A620.
  • the grasping portion A650 includes a pair of grasping arms A651, and the grasping portion A650 is located in the clamp. Between the joint part A630 and the adjustment part A620.
  • the clamping part A630, the grasping part A650 and the adjusting part A620 are all housed in the distal end of the delivery device A200, and the delivery device A200 is sent into the left ventricle through the transapical route and then across the mitral valve orifice to reach In the left atrium, withdraw the delivery device A200, so that the adjusting part A620 and the grasping part A650 gradually extend out of the delivery device A200 and expand in the left atrium; continue to withdraw the delivery device A200 until the clamping part A630 also extends from the delivery device A200 And unfold in the left ventricle; then push the clamping part A630 distally through the driving part, and support the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve on the inner surfaces of the two clamp arms A631 of the clamping part A630, and approach the The end retracts the gripping portion A650 and the adjusting portion A620, that is, the gripping portion A650 is driven to move in the direction of the clamping portion A630, thereby capturing the leaflet between the grip
  • a fully fitting valve clamping device B100 provided by the first embodiment of the present disclosure includes:
  • the supporting portion B110 has a certain axial length and includes a first end B111 and a second end B115 that are arranged oppositely;
  • the adjustment part B120 includes a first end B121 and a second end B123 that are oppositely disposed, and a self-expanding body B125 located between the first end B121 and the second end B123;
  • clamping portion B130 the clamping portion B130 is provided on the outer side of the adjustment portion B120 and can be expanded or closed relative to the adjustment portion B120.
  • the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B120 of the valve clamping device B100 is movably sleeved on the outside of the supporting portion B110, and the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is sleeved on the outside of the supporting portion B110 and is fixedly connected to the supporting portion B110.
  • the first end B121 of the adjustment portion B120 is located between the first end B111 of the support portion B110 and the second end B123 of the adjustment portion B120, or in other words, the first end B121 of the adjustment portion B120 is compared with the second end B123 of the adjustment portion B120 It is closer to the first end B111 of the support B110.
  • the valve clamping device B100 of the first embodiment is provided with a detachable connection (such as threaded connection, snap connection, etc.) with the delivery device B200 on the second end B115 of the support B110
  • the connecting part (not marked), the delivery device B200 pushes the valve clamping device B100 into the heart through the catheter, the second end B115 of the support part B110 is the proximal end, and the first end B111 of the support part B110 is the distal end.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is its proximal end, and the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B120 is its distal end.
  • valve clamping device can be inserted into the heart through the apex, then the second end of the support part is its distal end, the first end of the support part is its proximal end, and the second end of the adjustment part is the proximal end. It is the distal end, and the first end of the regulating part is the proximal end.
  • the valve clamping device B100 mainly includes two states, one is the unfolded state, and the other is the closed state. In the unfolded state, the adjusting part B120 is in a natural state without external force.
  • the diameter of the self-expanding body B125 of the adjusting part B120 in the natural state gradually increases from the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 to the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 That is, the overall shape of the adjusting part B120 is approximately in the shape of an inverted cone, the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 roughly constitutes the apex of the inverted cone, and the part near the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 constitutes the bottom of the inverted cone.
  • one end of the clamping portion B130 is rotatably connected to the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110, so that the clamping portion B130 can surround the adjusting portion B120 and be connected to the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110 by rotation
  • the part is opened or closed in the center, and there is an axial distance between the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 and the first end B111 of the supporting part B110, so that when the adjusting part B120 is radially compressed, the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 Able to move axially toward the first end B111 of the support part B110, then the clamping part B130 is centered on the rotating connection part with the first end B111 of the support part B110 and closed around the adjustment part B120 to clamp the leaflet B1 During the process, the adjustment part B120 is compressed by the clamping part B130, and the phenomenon of radial contraction and axial extension occurs.
  • one end of the clamping portion B130 can also be rotatably connected to other components, as long as the component is close to the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110, so that the clamping portion B130 is disposed at The outer side of the support part B110 can be expanded or closed relative to the adjustment part B120 to clamp the valve leaflet.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is fixedly connected to the supporting portion B110, the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B120 is movably sleeved on the supporting portion B110, and the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120
  • the axial movement of the self-expanding body B125 and the nearby part is limited.
  • the self-expanding body B125 will extend in the axial direction toward the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120, and at the same time, the self-expanding body B125 will be squeezed by the clamping part B130. Will retract in the radial direction.
  • the overall shape of the adjusting portion B120 can be complementary to the shape of the opening of the clamping portion B130, and still present an inverted shape. Cone shape.
  • the part near the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 is located at the bottom of the inverted cone-shaped cone from the expanding body B125, that is, from the expanding body B125 to the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 and gradually converging toward the central axis of the adjusting part B120, the adjusting part
  • the part of the self-expanding body B125 near the second end B123 of the B120 can be closely attached to the leaflet B1 without a radial gap.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 and the part of the self-expanding body B125 near it can provide a larger radial support force for the valve leaflet B1, thereby increasing the clamping force to firmly hold the valve leaflet B1 and reduce
  • the risk of the valve leaflet B1 falling off between the clamping portion B130 and the adjusting portion B120 improves the implantation stability of the valve clamping device B100; at the same time, the part near the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 self-expanding body B125 and valve leaflets
  • the close fit between B1 can block the blood flowing back from the clamping gap and optimize the effect of reflux treatment.
  • the adjustment part B120 can adaptively adjust its shape according to the clamping degree of the clamping part B130, which can ensure that it can fully fit the valve leaflet under any clamping degree.
  • the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B120 can extend toward the valve edge and be closer to the valve edge compared to the prior art, which further increases the abutment area of the valve leaflet B1 and the adjusting portion B120.
  • the elastic fit of the valve leaflet B1 and the adjusting part B120 is further improved.
  • the adjusting part B120 since the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 is movably sleeved on the supporting part B110, the adjusting part B120 has a strong axial deformability.
  • the valve clamping device B100 When the valve clamping device B100 is radially compressed into the delivery sheath for intracorporeal delivery When, it is easier to be compressed into the sheath.
  • the supporting portion B110 may be a circular tube, a square column tube, or an oblate tube with two ends axially penetrating through it.
  • This embodiment adopts a round tube body.
  • the distal end of the round tube body is the first end B111
  • the proximal end is the second end B115.
  • the second end B115 of the supporting part B110 can be surrounded and shielded by the self-expanding body B125 in the vicinity of the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 in the closed state and in the unfolded state, so that the adjusting part B120 will not be exposed.
  • the second end B115 is in direct contact with the valve leaflet, which prevents the second end B115 from wearing the valve leaflet along with the long-term pulsation of the valve leaflet, thereby improving the safety of implantation.
  • the supporting part B110 is also provided with an axial through-hole-shaped through channel B113 to cooperate with the driving part B140 and the conveying device B200 in linkage.
  • At least two clamping positions B114 are provided on the tube wall of the round tube body of the supporting part B110 for detachably connecting with the conveying device B200.
  • a card table B221 is set on the conveying device B200. After the card table B221 is locked into the card position B114, the conveying device B200 is engaged with the support part B110, and the valve clamping device B100 can be transported. When the card table B221 is out of the card position B114 After that, the delivery device B200 is separated from the valve clamping device B100.
  • the self-expanding body B125 of the adjusting part B120 has a net-like structure, preferably a net-like structure woven from a wire with a shape memory function or cut from a pipe, such as a super-elastic material such as a nickel-iron alloy wire. .
  • the adjusting portion B120 can adapt to the spacing between different leaflets to be adaptively deformed, thereby adjusting the pulling degree of the valve leaflets by the valve clamping device B100.
  • the adjusting portion B120 has a hollow accommodating cavity (not labeled), and the part of the supporting portion B110 between the second end B115 and the first end B111 is disposed in the hollow accommodating cavity.
  • the self-expanding body B125 includes a first section B124, a second section B126, and a third section B128 connected in sequence.
  • the first section B124 extends from the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 toward the second end B115 of the support portion B110, and the first section B124 forms a bowl-like recessed area B122 (such as 31 and 32a), the first section B124 surrounds the outside of the second end B115 of the support portion B110, or the second end B115 of the support portion B110 is located in the recessed area B122, and the second end B115 of the support portion B110
  • Both ends B115 can be surrounded and shielded by the first section B124 of the self-expanding body B125 in the closed state and the expanded state of the valve clamping device B100, so that the regulating portion B120 is not exposed.
  • the second section B126 continues to extend radially outward from the first section B124.
  • the third section B128 extends from the second section B126 toward the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110 while extending radially inward to the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B12 to be cut off.
  • the end of the recessed area B122 (the end of the first section B124 close to the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is defined as the end of the recessed area B122) extends toward the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110 to adjust The second end B123 of the part B120.
  • the adjusting part B120 has a body shape, and the other end of the woven mesh tube forms an open first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 below one end of the woven mesh tube, and the forming sleeve and the forming mold are removed to obtain the adjusting part B120.
  • the part B80 is fixedly connected to the support part B110.
  • the fixing part B80 can be a steel sleeve.
  • the second end B123 of the adjustment part B120 is inserted between the steel sleeve and the outer surface of the support part B110, and then the steel sleeve and the support part B110 are welded by laser. A fixed connection between the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 and the supporting portion B110 is realized.
  • the fixing member B80 may not be provided, and the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is directly fixedly connected to the supporting portion B110 by welding.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 is inserted into the fixing member B80 toward the first end B111 of the supporting portion B110. If the orientation of the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120 in FIG. The orientation of the first end B121 of the B120 is downward, that is, the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 is inserted into the fixing member B80 from top to bottom.
  • the diameter of the opening of the first end B121 of the adjustment portion B120 may be equal to or slightly larger than the diameter of the support portion B110, so as to be movably sleeved on the support portion B110, so that the first end B121 of the adjustment portion B120 can be along the support portion B110. Sliding smoothly in the axial direction.
  • the center of gravity of the entire valve clamping device B100 is always located at the supporting portion B110 Axial, so self-centering is good, and it is not easy to tilt.
  • the radial dimension (marked by F in FIG. 30) of the second section B126 of the self-expanding body B125 preferably ranges from 4 mm- 15mm, more preferably 5mm-10mm, the radial dimension of the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 is in the range of 1mm-5mm, more preferably 1.2mm-3mm, so that the entire inverted cone shape of the adjusting part B120 is compressed. It can adapt to the spacing between different leaflets, and can have as large a fit area as possible with the leaflets.
  • the adjusting portion B120 can provide a larger radial support force for the valve leaflet B1, thereby increasing the clamping force to firmly clamp the valve leaflet B1.
  • the second section B126 of the self-expanding body B125 is not lower than the end surface of the free end when the clamping portion B130 is closed, so that the leaflet B1 clamped between the clamping portion B130 and the adjusting portion B120
  • the length is basically the same as that of the clamping part B130.
  • the outside and/or inside of the adjustment portion B120 of the mesh structure can be covered with a biocompatible film.
  • the film can be used as a baffle film to block the self-sandwiching gap reaction. Flowing blood improves the effect of reflux treatment and prevents blood from entering the regulating part B120 to form thrombus.
  • the film can make the valve clamping device B100 more biocompatible.
  • the material of the film can be, but is not limited to, biocompatible polymers such as PTFE, EPTFE, polyester, and silicone.
  • the adjustment part B120 is not limited to a mesh structure, but can also be other elastic and self-expanding hollow structures, for example, it can be a dense structure of silica gel or a porous structure of sponge, a dense structure or a porous structure of the adjustment part
  • the second end is fixedly sleeved on the support portion B110, and the first end is axially movably sleeved on the support portion B110.
  • similar first and second sections can be provided between the second end and the first end.
  • the segment and the third segment can also be based on the same principle of action to make the valve leaflet fully fit the adjusting part.
  • the clamping part B130 includes at least two clamp arms B131. Generally, it may include at least one set of clamp arms B131. A clamp arm B131.
  • the clamping portion B130 in this embodiment includes a set of clamp arms B131. It should be understood that this is only used as an example. A person of ordinary skill in the art can select a suitable number of clamp arms B131 according to needs, for example, two or more sets of clamp arms B131. Clamp arm. It is understandable that three or more forceps arms B131 can be provided in each group as required. For example, three relatively open and close forceps arms B131 can be used to simultaneously clamp the three leaflets of the tricuspid valve. , So as to treat tricuspid regurgitation; or clamp two of the tricuspid valve leaflets through a pair of clamp arms B131, which can also reduce or treat tricuspid regurgitation.
  • the valve clamping device B100 further includes a driving part B140, which is connected to the clamping part B130 to drive the clamping part B130 to expand or close relative to the adjustment part B120.
  • the driving part B140 is respectively connected to each clamp arm B131, for example, the driving part B140 is respectively connected to two clamp arms B131 of a set of clamp arms B131 to drive each clamp arm B131 to rotate around the adjusting part B120, so that The clamp arm B131 is close to or away from the adjusting part B120.
  • the driving part B140 drives the forceps arm B131 to close around the adjustment part B120, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the valve clamping device B100, which facilitates delivery; after the valve clamping device B100 is deployed in the heart, the driving part B140 drives the forceps arm B131 to close The valve leaflet is clamped between the clamp arm B131 and the adjusting part B120 to realize the valve leaflet clamping.
  • the valve clamping device B100 further includes a grasping portion, which may generally include at least one set of grasping arms B151, and each set of grasping arms B151 includes two sets of grasping arms B151 symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjusting portion B120.
  • the grasping portion (such as grasping arm B151) is arranged between the clamping portion B130 (such as the clamp arm B131) and the adjusting portion B120 and can be expanded or closed relative to the adjusting portion B120, and the grasping portion is at least partially accommodated in the clamping portion B130 ⁇ The inner surface.
  • three or more grasping arms B151 can also be provided in each group as required, so as to cooperate with the forceps arms B131 to achieve the valve leaflet capturing function.
  • the grasping portion is at least partially contained in the inner surface of the clamping portion B130, that is, the grasping arm B151 is at least partially contained in the inner surface of the clamp arm B131, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the valve clamping device B100, which is beneficial to delivery.
  • the grasping arm B151 presses the valve leaflets into the inner surface of the forceps arm B131, which can increase the contact area between the forceps arm B131 and the valve leaflets and increase the clamping of the valve leaflets. Hold on.
  • the valve clamping device B100 further includes a base B160 fixedly connected to the supporting part B110, and each clamp arm B131 is rotatably connected to the base B160. Specifically, the proximal end of the base B160 is fixedly connected to the first end B111 of the support part B110.
  • this part is defined as the term "base” for the convenience of explanation here, and the structure that realizes the function of the base B160 may also be It is the first end B111 of the support B110 itself, so the definition of the term “base” should not form a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure.
  • Each clamp arm B131 in each group is rotatably connected on the base B160 by a pivot B132.
  • the first end B121 of the adjusting part B120 is spaced apart from the base B160 in the axial direction, and is driven by the driving part B140. ,
  • Each clamp arm B131 cooperates with each other to expand and close together around the adjusting part B120.
  • the driving part B140 includes a driving shaft B141, a connecting seat B142, and two connecting rods B143.
  • One end of each connecting rod B143 is rotatably connected with the clamping portion B130, and the other end is rotatably connected with the connecting seat B142; one end of the driving shaft B141 is fixedly connected with the connecting seat B142, and the other end is movably installed in the base B160.
  • one end of each link B143 is rotatably connected to a clamp arm B131, and the other end is rotatably connected to the connecting seat B142 through a pivot B144, that is, each clamp arm B131 is rotatably connected to the drive through a corresponding side link B143
  • the connecting seat B142 of the shaft B141 is rotatably connected to the drive through a corresponding side link B143
  • the drive shaft B141 movably passes through the base B160.
  • the drive shaft B141 slides in the axial direction relative to the base B160, it drives the connecting rod B143 to rotate and drives the pliers arm B131 to expand or unfold around the rotating connection part between it and the base B160. closure.
  • the driving part B140 includes at least one set of connecting rods B143, and the setting of the connecting rods B143 corresponds to the setting of the clamp arms B131 one-to-one.
  • two clamp arms B131 are used in FIG. Connecting rod B143.
  • One end of the connecting rod B143 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat B142 through a pivot B144 such as a pin, and the other end is rotatably connected to the corresponding clamp arm B131 through a pivot such as a pin.
  • Each clamp arm B131 is connected to the corresponding clamp arm B131 through a pivot B132 such as a pin. Rotate and connect to the base B160 in an equal way.
  • the connecting rod B143 When the drive shaft B141 moves axially relative to the base B160 toward the first end B111 of the support portion B110, the connecting rod B143 is driven to move. Under the pulling of the connecting rod B143, the clamp arm B131 rotates around the pivot B132 and is relative to the base. B160 opened. When the drive shaft B141 moves axially relative to the base B160 toward the second end B115 of the support portion B110, the connecting rod B143 pushes the clamp arm B131 to rotate around the pivot B132 and close relative to the base B160.
  • the shape of the connecting seat B142 can be any structure such as a hemisphere, a spherical crown, or a bullet shape, so that the valve clamping device B100 is easier to push in the body.
  • the driving shaft B141 and the connecting seat B142 may be an integral structure or a non-integral structure.
  • the drive shaft B141 and the connecting seat B142 are made of biocompatible materials such as polyester, silicone resin, stainless steel, cobalt alloy, cobalt chromium alloy or titanium alloy, preferably stainless steel with higher hardness Or cobalt-chromium alloy.
  • the valve clamping device B100 further includes a locking portion B170 provided in the base B160, and the locking portion B170 restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft B141 and the base B160.
  • the locking portion B170 restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft B141 and the base B160, thereby ensuring that the clamping portion B130 is always kept closed relative to the adjusting portion B120 and the supporting portion B110, and avoiding accidental expansion of the clamping portion B130;
  • unlock the restriction of the locking portion B170 on the drive shaft B141, and the clamping portion B130 can be driven by the drive portion B140 to expand and support the valve leaflet relative to the adjusting portion B120 and the supporting portion B110; after clamping the leaflet ,
  • the locking portion B170 again restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft B141 and the base B160, so as to maintain the clamping state of the valve leaflet B1.
  • Any existing locking part with a suitable structure can be
  • each clamp arm B131 (the end of the clamp arm B131 away from its rotating connection part or the free end is defined as the end of the clamp arm B131) is also provided with a flange section B137, from From the front view of FIG. 33, the flange section B137 is an arc surface turned toward the outer side of the end of the clamp arm B131, and the radius of the arc surface is preferably 1 mm-2 mm.
  • valve leaflet B1 When the clamp arm B131 is closed relative to the adjusting part B120 to clamp the valve leaflet B1 between the two, the valve leaflet B1 forms a fit with the curved flanging section B137, which increases the support of the end of the clamp arm B131 to the valve leaflet B1
  • the area can avoid local force concentration of the valve leaflet B1 at the end of the clamp arm B131, and effectively reduce the damage to the valve leaflet caused by repeated friction between the end edge of the clamp arm B131 and the valve leaflet B1 as the heart beats.
  • the self-expanding body B125 of the adjusting portion B120 protrudes from the flanging section B137 in the axial direction, or the second section B126 of the self-expanding body B125 is higher than the flanging section B137 to It is ensured that the length of the leaflet B1 clamped between the clamp arm B131 and the third section B128 of the self-expanding body B125 is not less than the length of the clamp arm B131.
  • the present disclosure also provides a valve clamping system, including the valve clamping device B100 described above, and a delivery device B200, wherein the delivery device B200 includes: a pushing sheath B210 with a certain axial length and a movable The mandrel (not shown in the figure) that is pierced in the push sheath B210, the push sheath B210 and the supporting part B110 are detachably connected, and the mandrel is detachably connected with the driving part B140 for driving the clamping part Opening and closing of B130.
  • the proximal end of the driving shaft B141 is provided with an external thread, and the core shaft and the driving shaft B141 are connected by a thread, so that the axial movement of the driving shaft B141 can be controlled by the core shaft outside the patient's body. It should be understood that what is listed here is only a part of the structure of the conveying device, and other parts can adopt any existing suitable structure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the proximal outer wall of the support portion B110 is symmetrically provided with at least one detent B114 connected to the lumen of the support portion B110, and the distal end of the push sheath B210 is provided with a connector B220, and the connector B220 includes two branches, each The end of the branch is a raised card table B221. In the natural state, both branches point to the central axis of the connector B220.
  • the connector B220 can be made of materials with certain hardness and elasticity, such as nickel titanium.
  • the push sheath B210 can adopt a multi-layer composite tube body.
  • the mandrel can be made of stainless steel or Nitinol.
  • the inside of the support portion B110 is provided with a through hole as the through passage B113 of the drive shaft B141, and the drive shaft B141 slidably penetrates the through passage B113 of the support portion B110 and is connected to the connecting seat. B142 fixed connection.
  • connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft B141 can be released, the mandrel is withdrawn from the connecting piece B220, and the clamping table B221 is separated from the clamping position B114 of the supporting part B110, thereby realizing the valve clamping device B100 and the delivery device B200 The relief.
  • Step 1 As shown in Figure 38, the drive shaft B141 and the valve clamping device B100 connected to it are advanced from the left atrium B2 through the mitral valve B1 through a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown) Reach the left ventricle B3;
  • a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown)
  • Step 2 Adjust the valve clamping device B100 to approach the anterior leaflet B1a and posterior leaflet B1b of the mitral valve B1;
  • Step 3 As shown in Figure 39, unlock the locking portion B170 in the base B160, push the mandrel and the drive shaft B141 to the distal end, drive the pliers arm B131 to open relative to the support portion B110, and adjust the direction of the pliers arm B131.
  • the relative positions of the forceps arm B131 and the anterior leaflets B1a and posterior leaflets B1b of the mitral valve B1 can be observed through X-ray equipment, so that the forceps arm B131 is perpendicular to the involute line of the mitral valve B1;
  • Step 4 As shown in Figure 40, retract the entire valve clamping device B100 proximally so that the clamp arm B131 supports the valve leaflet B1 on the side of the left ventricle B3, and releases the grasping arms B151 on both sides.
  • the holding arm B151 presses the valve leaflet B1 on the atrium side and cooperates with the clamp arm B131 on this side to capture the valve leaflet B1;
  • Step 5 As shown in Figure 41, when the anterior leaflet B1a and the posterior leaflet B1b of the mitral valve B1 are respectively captured between a pair of clamp arms B131 and a grasping arm B151, pull the mandrel and drive shaft B141 toward the proximal end , Thereby driving the clamp arm B131 to close;
  • Step 6 Release the threaded connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft B141, and withdraw the mandrel, the two branches of the connecting piece B220 return to the state of converging to the central axis, and the clamping table B221 is in the clamping position B114 of the self-supporting part B110 After separation, the connection between the valve clamping device B100 and the delivery device B200 is released, and then the delivery device B200 is withdrawn from the body to obtain the implanted state as shown in FIG. The anterior leaflet B1a and the posterior leaflet B1b are pulled toward each other to obtain a bipartite mitral valve, and complete the edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve.
  • the elastic adjustment part B120 is filled between the anterior leaflet B1a and the posterior leaflet B1b of the clamped mitral valve B1, and provides radial support for the valve leaflet B1, the adjustment part B120 It has a buffering effect on the pulsating valve leaflet B1, so that the degree of traction of the valve leaflet B1 by the valve clamping device B100 can be adjusted to avoid damage to the valve leaflet B1.
  • valve clamping device B100' provided by the second embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B100 of the above-mentioned first embodiment, the supporting portion B110, the clamping portion B130, the driving portion B140, The structure of the gripping portion B151 remains unchanged, and will not be repeated here, but the structure of the adjusting portion B120' has changed.
  • the adjusting portion B120' adds a bending section B129 to the self-expanding body compared to the adjusting portion B120 in the first embodiment, and the bending section B129 is connected to the adjusting portion B120'
  • the cross-sectional shape of the bent section B129 is an arc recessed toward the first end B121 of the adjusting portion B120'.
  • the first section B124 and the bending section B129 still form a recessed area B122' relative to the second section B126. Defined as the end of the recessed area B122') extends toward the second end B115 of the support portion B110 to the second end B123 of the adjustment portion B120'.
  • the fixing part B80 is fixedly connected to the supporting part B110.
  • the fixing part B80 can be a steel sleeve.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120 is inserted between the steel sleeve and the outer surface of the supporting part B110, and then the steel sleeve is welded to the support by laser.
  • the part B110 realizes the fixed connection between the second end B123 of the adjusting part B120' and the supporting part B110.
  • the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120' is inserted into the fixing member B80 toward the second end B115 of the supporting portion B110, that is, the second end B123 of the adjusting portion B120' is inserted into the fixing member B80 from bottom to top.
  • the bending section B129 resists the inward deformation of the first section B124, and this resistance is superimposed and transmitted to the corresponding third section B128 connected to the second section B126
  • the elastic fit between the valve leaflet and the adjusting portion B120 is further improved, so that the valve leaflet and the adjusting portion B120 can be fully attached.
  • the adjusting portion B120 can provide a greater radial support force for the valve leaflet, thereby further increasing the clamping force to firmly clamp the valve leaflet.
  • valve clamping device provided by the third embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device of the above-mentioned first embodiment, and the structure of the supporting portion, clamping portion, driving portion, grasping portion, etc. is not maintained. The changes are not repeated here, but the structure of the self-expanding body B125' of the adjusting part has changed.
  • the self-expanding body B125' in the third embodiment also includes an adapting section B127.
  • the adapting section B127 is connected between the second section B126 and the third section B128, and extends radially outward compared to the third section B128 (towards the central axis of the support part B110 as radially inward, so as to The central axis away from the support part B110 is radially outward).
  • the adapting section B127 is arranged corresponding to the flanging section B137 at the end of the pliers arm, and the shape of the side facing the flanging section B137 is complementary to the arc surface presented by the flanging section B137.
  • the adapting section B127 protrudes from the flanged section B137 in the axial direction, or the adapting section B127 is higher than the flanged section B137, Part of the leaflet is clamped between the segment B127 and the flanged segment B137.
  • the leaflet and the curved surface of the flanged segment B137 form a fit, which increases the supporting area of the end of the clamp arm to the valve leaflet, which can prevent the leaflet from being
  • the local force on the end of the forceps arm is concentrated, which effectively reduces the damage to the valve leaflets caused by the repeated friction between the end edge of the forceps arm and the valve leaflets as the heart beats;
  • the valve leaflets also form a fit with the arc-shaped adapting section B127.
  • valve leaflet and the adjusting part Further increase the fitting area of the valve leaflet and the adjusting part, and improve the elastic fit of the valve leaflet and the adjusting part, so that the valve leaflet and the adjusting part fit more fully, and correspondingly, the adjusting part can provide more sufficient valve leaflets.
  • the radial support force further increases the clamping force to firmly clamp the valve leaflets.
  • valve clamping device B400 provided by the fourth embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B100 of the above-mentioned first embodiment, the structure of the adjusting part B120 remains unchanged, and will not be repeated here. , But the structure of the supporting part B410, the clamping part B430, and the driving part B440 is changed.
  • the clamping portion B430 includes at least two pliers arms, and generally may include at least one set of pliers arms, and each set of pliers arms includes two pliers arms symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjustment portion B120,
  • the clamping part 40 in this embodiment includes a set of clamp arms.
  • Each pliers arm is provided with at least one anchor B431.
  • the anchor B431 can abut the leaflet to be embedded in the mesh of the adjusting part B120 of the mesh structure , On the basis of clamping the valve leaflet by the adjusting part B120 and the forceps arm, the valve leaflet tissue is maintained by the anchor B431.
  • the driving part B440 includes a driving shaft B410, an automatic closing unit B445, and at least two connecting rods B443.
  • one end of each link B443 is rotatably connected with a corresponding clamp arm, and the other end is directly rotatably connected with the drive shaft B441 through a pin; the drive shaft B441 is movably installed in the support part B410; and the automatic closing unit B445 is connected
  • the two pliers arms are used to make the clamping portion B430 abut the adjusting portion B120 in a natural state.
  • the base B416 and the first end B411 of the supporting portion B410 are an integral structure, and the two clamp arms are rotatably connected to the base B416.
  • the supporting portion B410 is provided with an axial groove B419 for the pin shaft to pass through.
  • the automatic closing unit B445 is a U-shaped elastic piece, and both ends of the U-shaped elastic piece are connected to a clamp arm.
  • the U-shaped elastic piece uses its own reset to drive the two clamp arms toward Closed and abuts against the adjusting part B120.
  • the automatic closing unit B445 may also be an elastic member such as a V-shaped elastic sheet or a torsion spring.
  • valve clamping device B400' provided by the fifth embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B400 of the above-mentioned fourth embodiment, and the adjusting part B120 in the fourth embodiment is replaced with the second embodiment
  • the other structure of the regulating part B120' in the middle part remains unchanged, and will not be repeated here.
  • valve clamping device B500 provided by the sixth embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B100 of the above-mentioned first embodiment, the structure of the adjusting part B120 remains unchanged, and will not be repeated here. , But the structure of the clamping part B530, the driving part B540, etc. has changed.
  • the base B516 and the first end B511 of the supporting portion B510 are an integral structure, and one end of the clamp arm of the clamping portion B530 is connected to the base B516.
  • the driving part B540 includes a driving shaft B541 and at least two elastic driving arms B545.
  • One end of the elastic driving arm B545 is fixedly connected to one end of the driving shaft B541, the other end of the elastic driving arm B545 is connected to the other end of the clamp arm, and the other end of the driving shaft B545
  • the elastic drive arm B545 is used to make the clamping portion B530 abut the adjusting portion B120 in a natural state; one end of the grasping arm B551 is connected to the clamp arm of the clamping portion B530 and is on the valve In the unfolded state of the clamping device B500, the grasping arm B551 is controlled by the pull wire (not shown) in the conveying device to expand relative to the grasping arm to allow the leaflets to enter between the grasping arm B551 and the grasping arm.
  • the two pliers arms and the two elastic driving arms B545 are an integral structure, that is, the two pliers arms themselves are also elastic.
  • the drive shaft B541 moves toward the first end B511 of the support portion B510, it overcomes the obstruction of the two elastic drive arms B545 to make the two clamp arms relatively open; when the drive shaft B541 does not apply thrust to the elastic drive arm B545, the two elastic drive arms B545 Utilize self-reset to drive the two pliers arms to close and abut the adjusting part B120.
  • the connection between the clamp arm and the driving arm B545 can gradually approach the driving shaft B541 until the clamp arm and the driving arm B545 are basically aligned.
  • the pulling wire is used to control the grasping arm B551 to fit the adjusting part B120. In this state, it is easier to put the entire flat valve clamping device B500 into the sheath.
  • valve clamping device B500 of this embodiment can achieve dynamic balance of the clamping state of the valve leaflets: when the valve leaflets exert a large pulling force on the valve clamping device B500, the elastic driving arm B545 and the forceps The arm can adjust the clamping angle within a certain range without being separated from the valve leaflets, preventing the valve leaflets from being damaged by excessive pulling force.
  • valve clamping device B500' provided by the seventh embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B500 of the sixth embodiment described above, and the adjusting part B120 in the sixth embodiment is replaced with the second embodiment
  • the other structure of the regulating part B120' in the middle part remains unchanged, and will not be repeated here.
  • valve clamping device B600 provided by the eighth embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the valve clamping device B100 of the above-mentioned first embodiment, only the structure of the support portion B610 is changed, and the other structures remain unchanged , I won’t repeat it here.
  • the connecting part of the supporting part B610 and the conveying device B200' is no longer arranged at the second end as in the first embodiment, but a connecting part B670 is arranged on the base B660 of the first end of the supporting part B610.
  • the connecting part B670 is detachably connected to the pushing sheath of the delivery device B200'.
  • the connecting portion B670 and the pushing sheath of the delivery device B200' are respectively provided with splicing structures with complementary shapes, and an outer sheath B70 is movably sleeved outside the pushing sheath, and when the outer sheath B70 surrounds the complementary shape
  • the supporting portion B610 is kept connected with the delivery device B200'.
  • the supporting portion B610 and the delivery device B200' can be disconnected.
  • the delivery device B200' of this embodiment can push the valve clamping device B600 into the heart through a transapical way to perform edge-to-edge repair of the mitral valve.
  • the outer sheath tube B70 should keep surrounding the splicing structure with complementary shapes; after the two clamp arms are closed, first release the threaded connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft, The mandrel is withdrawn, and then the outer sheath tube B70 is withdrawn to expose the splicing structure, and the connection between the valve clamping device B600 and the delivery device B200' can be released.
  • valve clamping system includes any valve clamping device described above and a delivery device capable of transporting the valve clamping device from outside the body to the vicinity of the mitral valve and clamping the leaflets.
  • valve clamping device and valve clamping system can also perform edge-to-edge repair on the tricuspid valve, as long as the corresponding interventional path (such as femoral vein-inferior vena cava-right atrium-right ventricle) is selected. ) And implant a suitable number of valve clamping devices according to the number of valve leaflets that need to be repaired (for example, implanting three valve clamping devices to clamp the anterior and posterior leaflets, posterior leaflets and septum leaflets, and septum of the tricuspid valve. Leaf and front leaf).
  • an adaptive valve clamping device C100 provided in the first embodiment of the present disclosure, which can be used for mitral valve or tricuspid valve edge-to-edge repair to treat mitral valve regurgitation or tricuspid valve Reflux.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is entirely made of biocompatible materials.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is used for mitral valve edge-to-edge repair as an example for detailed description.
  • the operator uses the delivery device C200 to push the adaptive valve clamping device C100 to the patient's mitral valve, and then operates the adaptive valve clamping device C100 remotely to clamp the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve together.
  • the operator can release the connection between the delivery device C200 and the adaptive valve clamping device C100, thereby implanting the adaptive valve clamping device C100 in In the patient's body, the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve are fixed together to realize the "edge-to-edge repair" of the mitral valve.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 includes a supporting portion C110, a hollow adjusting portion C120, and a clamping portion C130.
  • the supporting portion C110 includes a first seat body C112 and a second seat body C114 connected to the first seat body C112.
  • the first seat body C112 is provided in the adjusting part C120.
  • the adjusting part C120 includes a first end C122 and a second end C124 opposite to each other, and a self-expanding body C121 located between the first end C122 and the second end C124.
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C114 and can move axially relative to the second seat body C114, and the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is suspended.
  • the first seat body C112 is closer to the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 than the second seat body C114.
  • the clamping portion C130 includes at least two pliers arms C132, and each pliers arm C132 is rotatably connected to the supporting portion C110. The position where the pliers arm C132 is rotationally connected is close to the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120, and the pliers arm C132 rotates around the supporting portion C110 so as to be close to or away from the adjusting portion C120.
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C114 of the supporting portion C110, and the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is suspended and is relatively closer to the For the seat body C112, the adjusting part C120 can move axially relative to the supporting part C110.
  • the whole adjusting part C120 is axially toward the first seat
  • the movement of the body C112 can increase the space S at the position where the pliers arm C132 is rotationally connected close to the adjustment portion C120, and avoid excessive accumulation of leaflets in the space S.
  • the adjusting portion C120 here can better adapt to the deformation of the valve leaflet, thereby adjusting the overall pulling of the clamping portion C130 on the valve leaflet, so that the axial force of the valve leaflet is more balanced , It is beneficial for the clamping part C130 to better close the valve leaflet after grasping it, and avoid damage to the valve leaflet.
  • the clamp arm C132 of the clamping portion C130 is rotatably connected to the supporting portion C110, and the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is movably sleeved outside the second seat body C114 of the supporting portion C110, that is, the clamping portion C130 is provided on the adjusting portion C120. Outside.
  • the clamp arm C132 of the clamping part C130 rotates around the support part C110 to approach the adjustment part C120, that is, the clamping part C130 is closed relative to the adjustment part C120;
  • the part C130 is opened relative to the adjustment part C120.
  • the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is suspended in the air and is closer to the first seat C112 of the supporting portion C110.
  • the first seat C112 is provided in the adjusting portion C120.
  • the self-expanding body C121 of the adjusting part C120 is deformable in the radial direction and the axial direction, so the adjusting part C120 includes a natural state and a compressed state.
  • the self-expanding body C121 may be made of a shape memory material.
  • the clamping portion C130 When the clamping portion C130 is opened relative to the adjusting portion C120, the clamping portion C130 has no contact with the adjusting portion C120, and the adjusting portion C120 is in a natural state; when the clamping portion C130 is closed relative to the adjusting portion C120, the adjusting portion C120 is radially compressed and moved toward The first seat body C112 of the supporting portion C110 extends axially and is in a compressed state.
  • the adjusting portion C120 When the clamping portion C130 is closed relative to the adjusting portion C120, the adjusting portion C120 is gradually compressed in the radial direction to extend axially toward the first seat C112 of the supporting portion C110, and the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is connected to the supporting portion C110.
  • the spacing of the first seat body C112 gradually increases. Since the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is movably sleeved outside the second seat body C114 of the supporting portion C110, the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 will also move to the first seat body C112 of the supporting portion C110, thereby increasing the clamp
  • the pivotally connected part of the arm C132 is close to the space S at the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 to avoid excessive accumulation of leaflets in the space S, and to ensure that the clamping portion C130 is normally closed without damaging the leaflets.
  • the adjusting part C120 is no longer restricted by the supporting part C110.
  • the axial deformation ability of the adjustment part C120 also enhances its bending deformation ability in the axial direction. Therefore, when the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is radially compressed into the delivery sheath for intracorporeal delivery, it is not only easy to be compressed into the sheath, but also when delivered in a blood vessel, it can adapt to blood vessels with different curvatures, thereby facilitating the delivery of the sheath.
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is movably sleeved outside the second seat body C114 of the supporting portion C110, and the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is suspended, so that the center of gravity of the adjusting portion C120 is always located in the axial direction of the supporting portion C110 (i.e., adjusting The axis of the part C120), so the self-centering of the adjustment part C120 is good, and it is not easy to tilt.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is implanted, in the process of clamping the valve leaflet and the adjusting portion C120 through the clamping portion C130, since the axial deformation of the adjusting portion C120 is not limited, the valve leaflet and the adjusting portion C120 can be improved.
  • the elastic fit which in turn improves the adaptability of the physiological structure of the valve leaflets in different patients.
  • the support portion C110 and the delivery device C200 can be detachably connected (such as threaded connection, snap connection, etc.), and the delivery device C200 will adapt the valve through the catheter
  • the second end C124 of the adjusting part C120 is the proximal end
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting part C120 is the distal end
  • the first seat body C112 of the supporting part C110 is close to the adaptive valve clamp
  • the proximal end of the closure device C100, and the second seat body C114 is close to the distal end of the adaptive valve clamping device C100.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 can be inserted into the heart through the apex, the second end C124 of the adjusting part C120 is the distal end, and the first end C122 of the adjusting part C120 is the proximal end;
  • the first seat body C112 of the support part C110 is close to the distal end of the adaptive valve clamping device C100, and the second seat body C114 is close to the proximal end of the adaptive valve clamping device C100.
  • the self-adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in a closed state during delivery, and can be releasably opened to clamp the leaflets when delivered to the mitral valve in the patient.
  • the first seat body C112 of the support part C110 is located in the hollow adjusting part C120 no matter in the delivery state or in the released state, and will never be exposed in the delivery device C200 or exposed in the heart, thereby avoiding The flushing of blood is avoided, and the formation of thrombus after implantation is minimized.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 after the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is implanted, it also avoids direct contact between the support portion C110 and the valve leaflets, and along with the long-term pulsation of the valve leaflets, avoids the support portion C110 from wearing the valve leaflets or even causing the valve leaflets to perforate, improving safety .
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is provided with a first head C126, and the first head C126 is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C114. There is a clearance fit between the inner cavity surface of the first cap C126 and the outer surface of the second seat body C114. In this way, the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is folded through the first head C126, and the first head C126 can move on the second seat C114 of the supporting portion C110, so that the adjusting portion C120 can move relative to the supporting portion C110 .
  • the first head C126 has a double-layer structure and includes two coaxially nested pipe bodies. Wherein, one end of the interlayer cavity between the two pipe bodies is closed, and the other end is open for shrinking the first end C122 of the adjusting part C120. Both ends of the tube with a smaller radial size are open, and its inner cavity is the inner cavity of the first head C126.
  • the first head C126 can be a metal steel sleeve.
  • the matching clearance range between the inner cavity surface of the first head C126 and the outer surface of the second seat body C114 is 0.01 to 3 Mm, preferably 0.05-3 mm. More preferably, the fitting gap between the inner cavity surface of the first head C126 and the outer surface of the second seat body C114 is in the range of 0.05 to 1 mm, so as to avoid excessively large fitting gaps leading to the first head C126 and the adjusting portion C120 It shakes outside the support C110. More preferably, the fitting gap between the inner cavity surface of the first head C126 and the outer surface of the second seat body C114 is in the range of 0.05-0.2 mm.
  • the first head C126 can still move axially relative to the second seat body C114 .
  • the surface roughness of the inner cavity surface of the first head C126 is in the range of 0.1-2.5 micrometers, and/or the surface roughness of the outer surface of the second seat body C114 is in the range of 0.1-2.5 micrometers. It can be understood that setting the inner cavity surface of the first head C126 and/or the outer surface of the second seat body C114 to be rough, so that the contact surface between the first head C126 and the second seat body C114 is not smooth, which can further ensure The effect of restricting the free sliding and rotating of the first head C126 on the second seat body C114.
  • the surface roughness range is set reasonably, and by applying appropriate force to the first head C126 and/or the second seat body C114, the first head C126 can still be moved axially relative to the second seat body C114.
  • the second end C124 of the adjusting part C120 has an opening C128, which is convenient for the delivery device C200 to penetrate into the adjusting part C120 and connect with the supporting part C110. At the same time, the second end C124 is not exposed to parts such as heads, which can avoid thrombus and abrasion of valve leaflets.
  • the size of the opening C128 is smaller than or equal to the size of the first seat body C112 of the support portion C110, so as to ensure that the first seat body C112 of the support portion C110 will not protrude from the adjustment portion C120 in a natural state or a compressed state.
  • the self-expanding body C121 of the adjusting portion C120 has a hollow accommodating cavity, and the first seat body C112 of the supporting portion C110 is disposed in the hollow accommodating cavity.
  • the self-expanding body C121 is a mesh structure, which is formed by weaving or cutting a shape memory material.
  • Metal materials, polymer materials, or metal-polymer composite materials can be selected, preferably with a certain elasticity. It is made of shape memory metal materials such as stainless steel, cobalt-chromium alloy or nickel-titanium alloy.
  • a super-elastic nickel-titanium alloy material can be used for braiding or cutting, and after heat setting treatment, it will form a natural state.
  • the adjustment portion C120 also includes a ring structure C123 provided at the edge of the second end C124 to stabilize the shape of the opening C128.
  • the mesh structure is located at all the meshes and ring structures at the second end C124 C123 winding connection.
  • the ring structure C123 is made of flexible or elastic materials, and its wire diameter is larger than the wire diameter of the mesh wire of the woven mesh structure, so as to provide a certain supporting force for the opening C128 of the mesh structure, but does not affect the axial deformation of the mesh structure Ability and bending ability.
  • the surface of the nickel-titanium alloy can be coated with polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) by spraying, dipping, etc., to have superior corrosion resistance, chemical resistance and abrasion resistance, so it can play a role in surface protection, The performance of anti-corrosion and prolonging the service life of parts.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • the self-expanding body C121 of the adjusting portion C120 may be other elastic hollow structures.
  • the self-expanding body C121 may be a dense structure or a porous structure, the dense structure is silica gel, and the porous structure is sponge.
  • the edge of the second end C124 of the dense structure or the porous structure forms an opening C128, and the first end C122 is provided with a first head C126.
  • the self-expanding body C121 since the self-expanding body C121 is filled between the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve, it can completely obstruct the blood flow to the inside of the adaptive valve clamping device C100, and avoid the fine-tuning process. , The adaptive valve clamping device C100 is washed off by the high-speed flow of blood, and the clamping part C130 is continuously impacted by blood after implantation, and the blood is prevented from getting between the clamping parts C130 of the adaptive valve clamping device C100. Blood clots formed in dead corners. For the self-expanding body C121 with a mesh structure, it has better elastic deformation ability, can better adapt to the anatomical structure of the mitral valve, and avoid leaflet damage caused by excessive pulling of the leaflet.
  • the outer surface of the self-expanding body C121 with a mesh structure is coated with a film (not shown in the figure), and the film may be a woven mesh structure with a plurality of mesh holes.
  • the self-expanding body C121 with a membrane can not only further improve the blood flow blocking effect, reduce central reflux, but also increase biocompatibility, avoid valve tissue allergy and inflammation, and improve product safety.
  • the atrial side of the leaf forms an artificial barrier to block the outflow of thrombus formed by repeated washing of blood at the internal dead corner of the adaptive valve clamping device C100.
  • the coating material can be made of polymer materials such as polyethylene glycol terephthalate (PET), polypropylene (PP), polytetrafluoroethylene, and polyurethane (Polyurethane).
  • PET polyethylene glycol terephthalate
  • PP polypropylene
  • Polyurethane polyurethane
  • the coating material is made of PET.
  • the diameter of the part of the self-expanding body C121 close to the first end C122 should be smaller than that of the self-expanding body C121
  • the diameter of other parts For example, in the example of FIG. 60, the middle part of the self-expanding body C121 is columnar, the two ends are cones, and the cone angles of the cones at both ends are the same. It can be understood that the self-expanding body C121 can also have any other shape, as long as the diameter of the part close to the first end C122 does not affect the clamping effect. For example, a spindle-shaped structure with the same taper angle at both ends shown in FIG. 61, or a structure with different taper angles at both ends shown in FIG. 62.
  • the self-expanding body C121 may include a plurality of first curved surfaces C1212 and a plurality of second curved surfaces C1214.
  • the first curved surfaces C1212 and the second curved surfaces C1214 are adjacent to each other and are smoothly connected together.
  • the curved surface C1212 is only adjacent to the second curved surface C1214
  • the second curved surface C1214 is also only adjacent to the first curved surface C1212, and one end of the plurality of first curved surfaces C1212 and the plurality of second curved surfaces C1214 are connected to each other to form an opening C128.
  • the first curved surface C1212 faces the clamping portion C130, and the area of the second curved surface C1214 is smaller than the area of the first curved surface C1212.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 closes, the first curved surface C1212 is squeezed by the clamping portion C130 and the valve leaflet, and the adjusting portion C120 extends in the axial direction and gradually fits the valve leaflet to ensure that it is attached to the valve leaflet. Close contact area, so as to better adapt to the shape of the leaflet.
  • the gap between the adaptive valve clamping device C100 and the valve leaflets is reduced, so that blood flow can be slowed down and the blood flow to the adaptive valve clamping device C100 can be hindered.
  • the curvature of the first curved surface C1212 may also be greater than the curvature of the second curved surface C1214, so that the self-expanding body C121 presents a flat ellipsoid shape, avoids affecting the closure of the clamping portion C130, and is more adapted to the anatomical structure of the valve leaflet.
  • the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is provided with a first head C126
  • the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is provided with a second head.
  • the specific structure of the second cover is the same as the specific structure of the first cover C126, both of which are the aforementioned double-layer structure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the supporting portion C110 further includes a third seat body C116 connected to the second seat body C114.
  • the inner diameter of the first seal head C126 is smaller than the outer diameter of the first seat body C112, and the inner diameter of the first seal head C126 is smaller than the outer diameter of the third seat body C116.
  • the first head C126 of the first end C122 of the adjusting part C120 is restricted by the first seat body C112 and the third seat body C116, and the adjusting part C120 can move axially on the second seat body C114 without moving from The second seat body C114 falls off. Since the adjustment portion C120 has a certain weight, under the action of gravity, the initial position of the adjustment portion C120 is located at the distal end of the second seat body C114, close to the proximal end of the third seat body C116.
  • the inner diameter of the first head C126 should be at least 0.01 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the first seat body C112, preferably 0.05-3 mm.
  • the inner diameter of the first cap C126 should be at least 0.01 mm smaller than the outer diameter of the third seat body C116, preferably 0.05-3 mm.
  • Both the first seal head C126 and the second seat body C114 can have a circular tube structure, which facilitates the axial movement of the first seal head C126 on the second seat body C114.
  • the first seat body C112 and the second seat body C114 may be integrally formed or separately formed and then welded and fixed.
  • the third seat body C116 and the second seat body C114 can be fixed together by common detachable or non-detachable connection methods such as welding, bonding, threaded connection, crimping, bolt locking, etc.
  • the welding connection is adopted in this embodiment.
  • the distal end of the second seat body C114 of the support part C110 can be penetrated from the second end C124 of the adjustment part C120, and out of the first end C122 of the adjustment part C120, and then the third seat can be connected by welding.
  • the distal end of the body C116 and the proximal end of the second seat body C114 are connected as a whole.
  • the supporting portion C110 further includes a third seat body C116 connected to the second seat body C114.
  • a limiting member (not shown in the figure) is provided at the end connecting the second seat body C114 and the first seat body C112.
  • the inner diameter of the first seal head C126 is smaller than the outer diameter of the limiting member, and the inner diameter of the first seal head C126 is smaller than the outer diameter of the third seat body C116.
  • the first head C126 of the first end C122 of the adjusting portion C120 is restricted by the stopper and the third seat body C116, and the adjusting portion C120 can move axially on the second seat body C114 without moving from the second seat body C114.
  • the seat body C114 falls off.
  • the supporting portion C110 is provided with a through channel C111 along the axial direction to cooperate with the driving portion C140 and the conveying device C200.
  • the first seat body C112 and the second seat body C114 are both round pipe bodies with two ends axially through. At least two clamping positions C1122 are provided on the pipe wall of the first base body C112 for detachable connection with the clamping table C222 of the conveying device C200.
  • the conveyor device C200 is engaged with the support part C110, and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 can be transported.
  • the delivery device C200 is separated from the adaptive valve clamping device C100 and released in the body.
  • the distal end of the third base body C116 is a block structure, and the proximal end is a terrace structure.
  • the distal end of the third seat body C116 is radially provided with a containing cavity C1162 penetrating two opposite sides of the third seat body C116.
  • the proximal and distal ends of the second seat body C114 are provided with through holes that axially penetrate the accommodating cavity C1162.
  • a connecting block C1164 is protruded from two opposite planes of the ladder structure at the proximal end of the second base body C114, and the connecting block C1164 is provided with a connecting hole to be rotatably connected with the clamping part C130.
  • the lumen of the first seat body C112, the lumen of the second seat body C114, the through hole of the third seat body C116, and the accommodating cavity C1162 are connected to form a through channel C111.
  • the structure of the support portion C110 here is only used as an example, and is not a limitation of the present disclosure. Based on the teachings of the present disclosure, those of ordinary skill in the art adopt other structures of the support portion C110 that fall within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Inside.
  • the clamping portion C130 is rotatably connected to the third seat C116 of the supporting portion C110.
  • the clamping part C130 includes at least two clamp arms C132, that is, the at least two clamp arms C132 are rotatably connected to the third seat body C116 of the support part C110, and the at least two clamp arms C132 are circumferentially symmetrically arranged with respect to the adjustment part C120.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device further includes a driving part C140, which is respectively connected with each clamp arm C132 to drive each clamp arm C132 to rotate around the supporting part C110, thereby driving each clamp arm C132 to approach the adjusting part C120 is closed or away from the adjusting part C120 and opened.
  • Each clamp arm C132 can be rotatably connected together on the third base body C116 by a connecting shaft C134, which passes through each clamp arm C132 and the connecting hole on the third base body C116, thereby rotating the clamp arm C132.
  • the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is slightly lower than the end surface of the free end (i.e.
  • the adjusting portion C120 will not be exposed from the closed proximal surface of the clamp arm C132 .
  • the valgus end of the clamp arm C132 abuts against the valve leaflets to increase the contact area of the valve leaflets, conform to the angle and direction of the valve leaflets, and avoid excessive exposure of the adjusting portion C120 in the left atrium causing thrombosis risk.
  • the clamping portion C130 includes two clamp arms C132 arranged symmetrically with respect to the adjusting portion C120 in the circumferential direction, for clamping the two leaflets of the mitral valve.
  • the clamping portion C130 may include three clamp arms C132 circumferentially arranged around the adjusting portion C120 for clamping the three leaflets of the tricuspid valve. It should be understood that this is only used as an example, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can select a suitable number of clamp arms C132 according to needs, for example, two, three or more clamp arms C132.
  • the driving part C140 drives the forceps arm C132 to close around the adjusting part C120, thereby reducing the outer diameter of the adaptive valve clamping device C100, which is beneficial to delivery; after the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is opened in the body, the driving part C140 drives The clamp arm C132 clamps the valve leaflet between the clamp arm C132 and the adjusting portion C120 to achieve clamping of the valve leaflet.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 further includes a grasping portion C150.
  • the grasping portion C150 is provided between the forceps arm C132 and the adjusting portion C120 and can be close to or away from the forceps arm C132.
  • the grasping portion C150 is at least Part of it is accommodated on the inner surface of the clamp arm C132 (as shown in Figure 56). It can be understood that, in some embodiments, the grasping portion C150 has a shape memory function, so that it can be close to the forceps arm C132 in a natural state; in other embodiments, the grasping portion C150 may be made of a material that does not have a shape memory function. , And drive the gripping part C150 close to the clamp arm C132 by means of push rods or the like.
  • the grasping portion C150 includes at least two grasping arms C152.
  • the number of grasping arms C152 is the same as the number of grasping arms C132, and is arranged in the same manner as the grasping arms C132, so that the grasping arms C152 and the grasping arms C132 Cooperate to realize the clamping function.
  • the gripping arm C152 is made of a shape memory material such as Nitinol, and the free end of the gripping arm C152 is provided with an adjustment wire hole for connecting the adjustment wire (not shown) of the conveying device C200.
  • the gripping arm C152 The free end of the can be controlled by an adjustment wire that extends outside the patient's body.
  • the free end of the gripping arm C152 is tightened by the adjusting wire and fits the adjusting part C120; when the gripping arm C132 opens and grips the valve leaflets in the body, release the control of the adjusting wire to release the grip on the free end
  • the arm C152 and the grasping arm C152 return to their natural state due to their own shape memory function, and press the leaflets against the forceps arm C132.
  • the grasping portion C150 is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamping portion C130 in a natural state, that is, the grasping arm C152 is at least partially accommodated on the inner surface of the clamp arm C132, so that the adaptive valve clamping device C100 can be reduced after being closed
  • the outer diameter of the self-adaptive valve clamping device C100 in the delivery state is conducive to delivery.
  • the driving part C140 includes a driving shaft C142, a connecting seat C144, and at least two connecting rods C146.
  • One end of each link C146 is connected with a clamp arm C132, and the other end is pivotally connected with the connecting seat C144.
  • One end of the drive shaft C142 is connected to the connecting seat C144, and the other end is movably installed in the third seat body C116.
  • the number of connecting rods C146 is the same as the number of clamp arms C132.
  • One end of each link C146 is connected to a clamp arm C132, and the other end is connected to the connecting seat C144 through a pivot C148.
  • the drive shaft C142 passes through the passage C111 of the support portion C110 along the axial direction, and movably passes through the third seat body C116 to be connected to the connecting seat C144.
  • the connecting rod C146 rotates and drives the clamp arm C132 to open and close relative to the third seat body C116.
  • the connecting rod C146 rotates and drives the clamp arm C132 to open, and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in an open state; when the drive shaft C142 is relative to the third When the seat body C116 moves to the proximal end along the axial direction, the connecting rod C146 rotates and drives the clamp arm C132 to close, and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in the closed state.
  • the clamping portion C130 includes two clamp arms C132, and two cooperating connecting rods C146 are correspondingly provided.
  • the distal end of the clamp arm C132 is rotatably connected to the third seat C116 through a connecting shaft C134 such as a pin or bolt, and the distal end of the connecting rod C146 is rotatably connected to the connecting seat C144 through a pivot C148 such as a pin or bolt.
  • the proximal end of the connecting rod C146 is connected to the clamp arm C132.
  • the rotation of the connecting rod C146 drives the clamp arm C132 to rotate around the connecting shaft C134 and expand relative to the third seat body C116, and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in an open state.
  • the rotation of the connecting rod C146 drives the pliers arm C132 to rotate around the connecting shaft C134 and close with respect to the third seat body C116.
  • the shape of the connecting seat C144 is any structure such as a hemisphere, a spherical crown, or a bullet shape, so that the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is easier to push in the body.
  • the drive shaft C142 and the connecting seat C144 may be an integral structure or a non-integral structure.
  • the connecting seat C144 can be fixedly arranged at the distal end of the drive shaft C142 by welding or the like.
  • the drive shaft C142 and the connecting seat C144 are made of biocompatible materials such as polyester, silicone resin, stainless steel, cobalt alloy, cobalt-chromium alloy or titanium alloy, preferably stainless steel with higher hardness Or cobalt-chromium alloy.
  • the driving portion C140 further includes a locking member C141 provided in the third seat body C116, and the locking member C141 restricts the relative movement of the driving shaft C142 and the third seat body C116.
  • the locking member C141 restricts the relative movement of the drive shaft C142 and the third seat C116, so as to ensure that the clamping portion C130 is always kept in a closed state relative to the adjusting portion C120 and the supporting portion C110, so as to avoid accidental expansion of the clamping portion C130. open.
  • the locking member C141 can be a combination of a deformed elastic sheet and a steel sheet in the prior art, which will not be repeated here.
  • Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure also provides a valve clamping system.
  • the valve clamping system includes the above-mentioned adaptive valve clamping device C100 and the delivery device C200.
  • the conveying device C200 includes a pushing shaft C210 with a certain axial length and a mandrel (not shown) movably mounted in the pushing shaft C210.
  • the pushing shaft C210 is detachably connected to the supporting part C110, and the core shaft is used to drive the clamp arm C132 of the clamping part C130 to rotate around the supporting part C110. It should be understood that what is listed here is only a part of the structure of the conveying device C200, and other parts can adopt any existing suitable structure, which will not be repeated here.
  • the mandrel is detachably connected to the driving part C140, and the mandrel is used for driving the clamping part C130 to rotate the clamp arm C132 around the supporting part C110 through the driving part C140, thereby driving the clamping part C130 to open or close.
  • the proximal tube wall of the first seat body C112 of the support part C110 is provided with two clamping positions C1122 connected to the lumen symmetrically, and the distal end of the pushing shaft C210 is provided with a fixing member C220 and fixing member C220 It includes two branches, and the end of each branch is a raised card table C222. In the natural state, both branches point to the central axis of the fixing member C220.
  • the proximal end of the drive shaft C142 is provided with an external thread
  • the mandrel is provided with an internal thread
  • the mandrel is inserted into the fixing member C220 to be threadedly connected with the drive shaft C142, so that the axial movement of the drive shaft C142 can be controlled by the mandrel.
  • the fixing member C220 can be made of materials with certain hardness and elasticity, such as nickel titanium.
  • the pushing shaft C210 can adopt a multi-layer composite pipe body.
  • the mandrel can be made of stainless steel.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is connected to the delivery device C200, the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in the closed state at this time, and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is delivered to the mitral valve of the patient through the delivery device C200 Place.
  • the drive shaft C142 is driven by the mandrel to move to the distal end in the axial direction, the drive shaft C142 drives the connecting rod C146 to rotate, and the connecting rod C146 drives the clamp arm C132 to open until the clamp arm C132 is fully expanded relative to the adjusting part C120 and the supporting part C110. Open, so that the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in an open state.
  • the drive shaft C142 is driven to move proximally in the axial direction through the mandrel, the drive shaft C142 drives the connecting rod C146 to rotate, and the connecting rod C146 drives the forceps
  • the arm C132 is closed until the clamp arm C132 is completely closed relative to the adjusting part C120 and the supporting part C110, so that the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is in a closed state and falls under the valve.
  • connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft C142 can be released, the mandrel is withdrawn from the fixing part C220, and the clamping table C222 is separated from the clamping position C1122 of the supporting part C110, thereby realizing the adaptive valve clamping device C100 and the conveying device The relief of C200.
  • connection between the adaptive valve clamping device C100 and the delivery device C200 (that is, the release point) is located in the adjusting portion C120 of the adaptive valve clamping device C100, when the second end C124 of the adjusting portion C120 is provided with an opening C128, there is no The component hooks the clamping platform C222 at the branch end of the fixing member C220 to facilitate the release of the adaptive valve clamping device C100.
  • the release point is located inside the adjusting part C120, which can reduce the axial size of the release point, thereby reducing the weight of the entire adaptive valve clamping device C100 and reducing the load on the heart; the release point is not directly washed by blood, This can avoid leaflet damage caused by repeated abrasion of the valve leaflet at the release site, and can also reduce the risk of thrombosis.
  • Step 1 As shown in Figure 70, the delivery device C200 and the adaptive valve clamping device C100 connected to it are advanced from the left atrium LA through the mitral valve through a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown) MV reaches the left ventricle LV;
  • a guiding device such as an adjustable curved sheath (not shown) MV reaches the left ventricle LV;
  • Step 2 Adjust the adaptive valve clamping device C100 to approach the anterior leaflet AML and posterior leaflet PML of the mitral valve MV;
  • Step 3 As shown in Figure 71, unlock the locking member C141 in the third seat C116, push the mandrel and the drive shaft C142 to the distal end, and drive the pliers arm C132 to open relative to the support part C110 and the adjustment part C120, and adjust The direction of the forceps arm C132.
  • the relative positions of the forceps arm C132 and the anterior and posterior leaflets of the mitral valve MV can be observed through X-rays and other medical imaging equipment, so that the forceps arm C132 is perpendicular to the aligning line of the mitral valve MV ;
  • Step 4 As shown in Figure 72, retract the entire adaptive valve clamping device C100 proximally, so that the clamp arm C132 supports the valve leaflet on the left ventricle LV side, and loosen the adjustment wire to release the grasping arms on both sides C152, the grasping arm C152 on each side presses the valve leaflet on the atrial side and cooperates with the clamp arm C132 on that side to fix the valve leaflet, so as to realize the complete clamping of the valve leaflet;
  • Step 5 As shown in Figure 73, when the anterior leaflet AML and the posterior leaflet PML of the mitral valve MV are clamped between a pair of clamp arms C132 and a grasping arm C152, the mandrel and drive shaft are pulled proximally C142, thereby driving the clamp arm C132 to close;
  • Step 6 Release the threaded connection between the mandrel and the drive shaft C142, and withdraw the mandrel to release the connection between the adaptive valve clamping device C100 and the delivery device C200, and then withdraw the delivery device C200 from the body to obtain the following In the implanted state shown in Figure 74, the adaptive valve clamping device C100 pulls the anterior leaflet AML and the posterior leaflet PML of the mitral valve MV toward each other to obtain a bi-foramen mitral valve and complete the mitral valve edge Repair on the edge.
  • the elastic adjusting portion C120 is filled between the anterior leaflet AML and the posterior leaflet PML of the clamped mitral valve MV, and abuts against the forceps arm C132, thereby reducing the central reflection Flow, improve the treatment effect.
  • the self-expanding body C121 (such as a mesh structure or a porous structure, etc.) of the adjusting portion C120 has a buffering effect on the pulsating valve leaflets, so as to realize the self-adaptive adjustment of the pulling degree of the valve leaflets by the adaptive valve clamping device C100 to avoid Damage to the valve leaflets.
  • the self-expanding body C121 can be squeezed and deformed following the pulsation of the valve leaflet, and the generated elastic force pushes the part of the valve leaflet close to the self-expanding body C121 in a direction away from the supporting part C110, so that the anterior and posterior mitral valve leaflets are between
  • the clamping angle of is smaller than the opening angle of the forceps arm C132, which can reduce the pulling of the valve leaflets by the clamping portion C130, so that the degree of pulling of the valve leaflets by the adaptive valve clamping device C100 is always kept within a reasonable range.
  • the adjusting portion C120 when the adjusting portion C120 is subjected to the pressure of the valve leaflet, it will deform to a certain degree, and the degree of deformation will increase with the increase of the pressure, so as to prevent the self-expanding body C121 from being squeezed by the forceps arm C132 after the valve leaflet is grasped.
  • the pressure in turn acts on the clamp arm C132 to ensure that the grasping effect of the adaptive valve clamping device C100 on the valve leaflets after release is consistent with that before release.
  • FIGS. 75-78 Please refer to FIGS. 75-78.
  • the difference between the adaptive valve clamping device of the second embodiment of the present disclosure lies in the first head C426 and the supporting portion C410 of the adjusting portion C420.
  • the structure of the second block C414 is different.
  • the first head C426 is movably sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C414 of the support portion C410, the inner cavity of the first head C426 is provided with a first rotation stopper C4260, and the outer surface of the second seat body C414 corresponds to
  • the first anti-rotation member C4260 is provided with a second anti-rotation member C4140, and the first anti-rotation member C4260 and the second anti-rotation member C4140 are detachably connected with each other.
  • the first rotation stopper C4260 and the second rotation stopper C4140 that are detachably connected with each other are provided to restrict the rotation of the adjustment portion C420 in the axial direction, so as to prevent the adjustment portion C420 from rotating relative to the second seat body C414, thereby resulting in the adjustment portion C420.
  • the contact area with the valve leaflets is reduced, which affects the valve leaflet clamping effect.
  • the first rotation stopper C4260 includes at least one flat surface C4262 and/or at least one curved surface C4264
  • the second rotation stopper C4140 includes at least one flat surface C4142 and/or at least one curved surface C4144.
  • the first rotation stop C4260 includes two opposite planes C4262 and two opposite curved surfaces C4264, that is, the inner cavity of the first head C426 is provided with two opposite planes C4262 and two opposite surfaces. A curved surface C4264.
  • the second anti-rotation member C4140 includes two opposite flat surfaces C4142 and two opposite curved surfaces C4144, that is, the outer surface of the second seat body C414 is provided with two opposite flat surfaces C4142 and two opposite curved surfaces C4144 .
  • the plane C4262 of the first head C426 is facing the plane C4142 of the second base C414, and the arc surface C4264 of the first head C426 is facing the arc C4144 of the second base C414.
  • the first head C426 is sleeved on the outside of the second seat body C414 to ensure that the movement of the adjusting part C420 in the axial direction is not affected.
  • the plane C4142 can prevent the adjustment part C420 from rotating about the axial direction on the second seat body C414.
  • the distance between the two planes C4262 of the first head C426 should be at least 0.01 mm larger than the distance between the two planes C4142 of the second base body C414, preferably 0.02-1 mm.
  • the distance between the two curved surfaces C4264 of the first head C426 should be at least 0.01 mm larger than the distance between the two curved surfaces C4144 of the second seat body C414, preferably 0.05-3 mm. In the example of FIG.
  • the first rotation stop C4260 includes a flat surface C4262 and a curved surface C4264
  • the second rotation stop C4140 includes two flat surfaces C4142 and a curved surface C4144.
  • the second rotation stop C4140 includes three flat surfaces C4142 and three arc surfaces C4144.
  • the arc surface may be a circular arc surface.
  • first anti-rotation member C4260 includes a curved surface C4264
  • second anti-rotation member C4140 includes a plurality of flat surfaces C4142, that is, the inner cavity surface of the first head C426 is a circular arc surface, and the second seat body C414
  • the cross-sectional profile of the outer surface is polygonal.
  • first anti-rotation member C4260 and the second anti-rotation member C4140 may be a polyhedron structure that is mated and connected.
  • first rotation stop C4260 and the second rotation stop C4140 are both triangular prism structures, that is, the inner cavity of the first head C426 is provided with three interconnected planes, and the outer surface of the second seat C414 is correspondingly provided with three Connected planes.
  • one of the first rotation stopper C4260 and the second rotation stopper C4140 is a sliding groove extending in the axial direction, and the other is a protrusion that cooperates with the sliding groove.
  • the cooperation of the sliding groove and the protrusion restricts the rotation of the adjustment portion C420 around the axial direction, and at the same time does not affect the axial movement of the adjustment portion C420.
  • the second seat body C414 is provided with a sliding groove C4146 extending in the axial direction, and the inner cavity of the first head C426 has a protrusion C4266 protruding inward and movable along the sliding groove.
  • the second seat body C414 is provided with two opposite sliding grooves C4146, and the first head C426 is provided with two protrusions C4266 protruding inward.
  • the second seat body C414 is provided with an outward protrusion, and the first head C426 is provided with a sliding groove.
  • the second seat body C414 is provided with an outward protrusion, and the inner cavity of the first head C426 has an inward protrusion.
  • the protruding structure of the two cooperates to have a trajectory for guiding the movement, and at the same time, it can also prevent the adjustment part C420 from rotating along the support part C410.
  • first head C426 and the first rotation stopper C4260 are integrally formed, and the second seat body C414 and the second rotation stopper C4140 are integrally formed.
  • the adaptive valve clamping device of the third embodiment of the present disclosure is compared with the adaptive valve clamping device of the second embodiment.
  • the structure of the second base C514 is different.
  • the first head C526 and the first rotation stopper C5260 are separately connected, and/or, the second seat body C524 and the second rotation stopper C5140 are separately connected.
  • the first head C526 and the first rotation stop C5260 can be fixed together by common detachable or non-detachable connection methods such as welding, bonding, threaded connection, crimping, and bolt locking.
  • the second seat body C514 and the second rotation stop C5140 can be fixed together by common detachable or non-detachable connection methods such as welding, bonding, threaded connection, crimping, and bolt locking.
  • This embodiment adopts welding connection.
  • valve clamping system includes any of the above-mentioned adaptive valve clamping devices and can transport the adaptive valve clamping device from outside the body to the vicinity of the mitral valve or tricuspid valve and clamp the valve leaflets The conveying device.
  • the above description of the valve clamping device is only used as an example and is not a limitation of the present disclosure.
  • the valve clamping device obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the teachings of the present disclosure and the valve clamping system including the valve clamping device are both Within the protection scope of the present disclosure.

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Abstract

瓣膜夹合装置(100)及瓣膜夹合***,瓣膜夹合装置(100)包括:支撑部(110),沿轴向设置;中空的调节部(120),支撑部(110)的至少一部分设于调节部(120)内,调节部(120)的一端套设在支撑部(110)的外侧,调节部(120)的另一端相对支撑部(110)可活动;夹合部(130),围设于调节部(120)的外侧;以及驱动部(140),与夹合部(130)连接,以驱动夹合部(130)靠近或远离调节部(120)。

Description

瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***
相关公开的引用
本公开要求于2020年3月18日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202010192630.9、名称为“瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的发明专利申请;于2021年1月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202110057563.4、名称为“贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的发明专利申请;于2021年1月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202110057559.8、名称为“自适应瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的发明专利申请;于2021年1月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202120115656.3、名称为“贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的实用新型专利申请;于2020年8月17日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202021717762.0、名称为“瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的实用新型专利申请;以及于2021年1月15日向中华人民共和国国家知识产权局提交的申请号为202120119689.5、名称为“自适应瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***”的实用新型专利申请的全部权益,并且以引用的方式将其全部内容并入本公开。
领域
本公开大体上涉及医疗器械技术领域,更具体地涉及瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***。
背景
参阅图1,二尖瓣MV是位于心脏左心房LA与左心室LV之间的单向阀,正常健康的二尖瓣MV可以控制血液从左心房LA流到左心室LV,同时避免血液从左心室LV流到左心房LA。二尖瓣MV包括一对瓣叶,称为前叶AML及后叶PML。前叶AML及后叶PML通过腱索固定于左心室LV的***肌上。正常情况下, 心脏左心室LV收缩时,前叶AML和后叶PML的边缘完全对合,避免血液从左心室LV流到左心房LA。参阅图2,当二尖瓣MV的瓣叶或其相关结构发生器质性改变或功能性改变时,如腱索部分断裂,二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML对合不良,由此,当心脏左心室LV收缩时,二尖瓣MV不能完全关闭,导致血液从左心室LV反流至左心房LA,从而引起一系列的病理生理改变,称为“二尖瓣反流”。
二尖瓣介入式夹合术是指利用瓣膜夹合装置,通过一对转动连接可闭合的钳臂将前叶和后叶拉向彼此,减小或消除瓣叶间隙从而治疗二尖瓣反流。现有的一种瓣膜夹合装置在两个钳臂中增加了弹性体,每侧的瓣叶被分别夹持在一侧钳臂和弹性体的一侧之间,通过弹性体来填塞两侧钳臂之间的间隙、减少中心反流,并且通过弹性体的变形来适应瓣叶的间距,从而调节钳臂对瓣叶的牵拉程度。然而,钳臂闭合时,越靠近钳臂连接处,其空间是越小的。当瓣叶被钳臂抓取后,会有部分瓣叶填充累积于该处空间,从而影响钳臂的关闭。同时,如果无法通过医学影像及时发现该处的瓣叶填充情况,操作者强制关闭夹合装置时,钳臂会对该处的瓣叶造成损伤。
概述
一方面,本公开涉及瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
支撑部,所述支撑部沿轴向设置;
中空的调节部,所述支撑部的至少一部分设于所述调节部内,所述调节部的一端套设在所述支撑部的外侧,所述调节部的另一端相对所述支撑部可活动;
夹合部,所述夹合部围设于所述调节部的外侧;以及
驱动部,所述驱动部与所述夹合部连接,以驱动所述夹合部靠近或远离所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部包括沿所述轴向连接的第一座体和第二座体,所述第一座体设于所述调节部内;并且所述调 节部包括沿轴向相对设置的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一端固定套设在所述第二座体外侧。
在某些实施方案中,所述第二端相对所述支撑部自由悬空以相对所述支撑部可活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述第二端活动套设于所述第一座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述第二端固定套设在所述第一座体外侧,所述第一端活动套设于所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一端活动套设在所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述第二端套设在所述第一座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述第二端相对所述支撑部自由悬空以相对所述支撑部可活动。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体为弹性体,所述调节部在所述第二端处设有开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体选自网状结构、框架结构、致密结构或多孔结构中的至少一种。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体为网状结构或框架结构,所述弹性体的至少部分外表面和/或至少部分内表面覆盖有生物相容性薄膜。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部的所述第二端为具有中心通孔的封头,所述弹性体的一部分穿装并固定在所述封头中,所述中心通孔形成所述开口;或者所述第二端边缘套设一中空的圈套结构形成所述开口;或者所述第二端的边缘围合形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体为网状结构,所述弹性体由形状记忆材料经编织而成,编织形成所述网状结构的网丝在所述 第二端处弯折绕回形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体为框架结构,所述框架结构由形状记忆材料切割而成,所述框架结构包括多根支杆,相邻的所述支杆之间彼此间隔或者交联,多根所述支杆的近端聚拢形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体为所述致密结构,所述致密结构由硅胶制成;或者所述弹性体为多孔结构,所述多孔结构由海绵制成;并且所述致密结构或所述多孔结构的所述第二端边缘形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体的至少一部分在自然状态下的直径自所述调节部的第一端向所述调节部的第二端逐渐增大。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体具有与所述第二端相连的凹陷区,所述凹陷区朝所述第一端凹陷,且所述第二端沿轴线位于所述自扩展主体的两个端面之间。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体包括依次连接的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段;
所述第一区段自所述调节部的第二端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸,且所述第一区段围绕在所述支撑部的第二端的外侧;所述第二区段自所述第一区段继续径向向外延伸;并且所述第三区段自所述第二区段朝向所述支撑部的第一端同时径向向内延伸至所述调节部的第一端截止。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体还包括弯折区段,所述弯折区段连接于所述调节部的第二端与所述第一区段之间。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体的第二区段的径向尺寸的范围为4mm-15mm,所述调节部的第一端的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体沿周向包括多个第一曲面和多个第二曲面,所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面彼此相邻,相对设置的两个所述第一曲面分别面向所述夹合部,所述第二曲面 的面积小于所述第一曲面的面积。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一座体包括与所述第二座体连接的接口端以及与所述接口端相对设置的自由端,所述自由端位于所述调节部内。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体为弹性体,所述调节部在所述第二端处设有开口;并且所述开口的尺寸小于或者等于所述自由端的尺寸。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部的所述一端的边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,所述圈套结构套设在所述支撑部的外侧。
在某些实施方案中,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂靠近或远离所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部还包括与所述第二座体连接的基座,每一所述钳臂均转动连接于所述基座上,所述钳臂与所述基座的连接处与所述第一端之间具有轴向间距。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与夹合部连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、自动闭合单元以及至少两个连杆;所述驱动轴活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述驱动轴转动连接;并且所述自动闭合单元连接所述钳臂,用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:所述驱动部包括驱动轴以及至少两个弹性驱动臂,所述驱动轴的一端活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每一所述弹性驱动臂的一端均固定连接所述驱动轴的另一端,每一所述弹性驱动臂的另一端分别连接一个所述钳臂; 并且所述弹性驱动臂用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述钳臂的末端设有翻边段,所述翻边段呈朝向所述钳臂的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,所述钳臂贴靠至所述调节部后,所述自扩展主体在轴向上突出于所述翻边段。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体对应所述翻边段处设置适配段,所述适配段朝向所述翻边段的一侧的形状与所述弧面互补。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可靠近或远离所述调节部,所述抓持部及所述夹合部均远离所述调节部时,所述抓持部至少部分容置于所述夹合部的内表面。
另一方面,本公开涉及瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
支撑部,所述支撑部包括相对设置的连接端和自由端;
中空的调节部,所述支撑部的至少一部分设于所述调节部内,所述调节部的一端套设在所述连接端外侧并与所述支撑部连接,所述调节部的另一端自由悬空;
夹合部,所述夹合部围设于所述调节部的外侧;以及
驱动部,所述驱动部与所述夹合部连接,以驱动所述夹合部围绕所述调节部展开或闭合。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部的自由端位于所述调节部内。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部包括弹性体,所述弹性体的一端与所述支撑部连接,所述弹性体的另一端具有开口并自由悬空。
在某些实施方案中,所述开口的尺寸小于或者等于所述自由端的尺寸。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体的近端边缘套设一中空的圈套结构形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体的近端边缘围合形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体选自网状结构、框架结构、致密结构或多孔结构中的至少一种。
在某些实施方案中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构或框架结构时,所述弹性体的至少部分外表面施加覆膜。
在某些实施方案中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构或框架结构时,所述弹性体由形状记忆材料经编织或切割而成。
在某些实施方案中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构时,所述网状结构的网丝在近端弯折绕回形成所述近端边缘。
在某些实施方案中,当所述弹性体为所述框架结构时,所述框架结构的相邻支杆之间彼此间隔或者交联,所述框架结构的支杆在近端聚拢形成所述近端边缘。
在某些实施方案中,当所述弹性体为所述致密结构时,所述致密结构由硅胶制成;当所述弹性体为所述多孔结构时,所述多孔结构由海绵制成;并且所述致密结构或多孔结构的近端边缘形成所述开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述弹性体的远端固定套设于所述支撑部上,或者所述弹性体的远端边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,所述圈套结构固定套设于所述支撑部上。
在某些实施方案中,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂围绕所述调节部转动。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部包括多个第一曲面和多个第二曲面,所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面彼此相邻,相对设置的两个所述第一曲面分别面向一个所述钳臂,所述第二曲面的面积小于所述第一曲面的面积。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可相对所述调节部展开或闭合,所述抓持部及所述夹合部均展开时,所述抓持部至少部分容置于所述夹合部的内表面。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括与所述支撑部 固定连接的基座,所述夹合部转动连接于所述基座上。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与夹合部连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
另一方面,本公开还提供贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
支撑部,所述支撑部具有一定轴向长度,且包括相对设置的第一端和第二端;
调节部,所述调节部包括相对设置的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体;所述调节部的第一端活动套设在所述支撑部的外侧,所述调节部的第二端套设在所述支撑部的外侧并与所述支撑部固定连接,所述调节部的第一端位于所述支撑部的第一端与所述调节部的第二端之间;以及
夹合部,所述夹合部设于所述支撑部的外侧并可相对于所述调节部展开或闭合。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体在自然状态下的直径自所述调节部的第一端向所述调节部的第二端逐渐增大。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体为形状记忆材料制成的网状结构。
在某些实施方案中,所述网状结构的外部和/或内部覆盖有生物相容性薄膜。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体具有与所述调节部的第二端相连的凹陷区,所述凹陷区的末端朝向所述支撑部的第一端延伸至所述调节部的第二端,或者所述凹陷区的末端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸至所述调节部的第二端。
在某些实施方案中,还包括固定件,所述调节部的第二端穿装并固定在所述固定件中,以通过所述固定件与所述支撑部固定连接。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体包括依次连接的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段;
所述第一区段自所述调节部的第二端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸,且所述第一区段围绕在所述支撑部的第二端的外侧;所述第二区段自所述第一区段继续径向向外延伸;并且所述第三区段自所述第二区段朝向所述支撑部的第一端同时径向向内延伸至所述调节部的第一端截止。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体还包括弯折区段,所述弯折区段连接于所述调节部的第二端与所述第一区段之间。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体的第二区段的径向尺寸的范围为4mm-15mm,所述调节部的第一端的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括驱动部,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂靠近或远离所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部的第一端设有基座,每一所述钳臂均转动连接于所述基座上,所述支撑部的第一端与所述调节部的第一端之间具有轴向间距。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述连接座转动连接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,所述驱动轴的另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、自动闭合单元以及至少两个连杆;所述驱动轴活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述驱动轴转动连接;并且所述自动闭合单元连接所述钳 臂,用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部包括驱动轴以及至少两个弹性驱动臂,所述驱动轴的一端活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每一所述弹性驱动臂的一端均固定连接所述驱动轴的另一端,每一所述弹性驱动臂的另一端分别连接一个所述钳臂;并且所述弹性驱动臂用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述钳臂的末端设有翻边段,所述翻边段呈朝向所述钳臂的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,所述钳臂贴靠至所述调节部后,所述自扩展主体在轴向上突出于所述翻边段。
在某些实施方案中,所述自扩展主体对应所述翻边段处设置适配段,所述适配段朝向所述翻边段的一侧的形状与所述弧面互补。
在某些实施方案中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可相对所述支撑部展开或闭合。
另一方面,本公开涉及自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
支撑部,所述支撑部包括第一座体及与所述第一座体连接的第二座体;
中空的调节部,所述第一座体设于所述调节部内,所述调节部包括相对的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体,所述调节部的第一端活动套设于所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述第二座体沿轴向移动,所述调节部的第二端悬空,所述第一座体相较于所述第二座体靠近所述调节部的第二端;以及
夹合部,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,每一所述钳臂转动连接于所述支撑部,所述钳臂转动连接的部位靠近所述调节部的第一端,所述钳臂绕所述支撑部转动从而靠近或远离所述调节部。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部的第一端设有第一封头,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间间隙配合。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座 体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.01-3毫米。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-1毫米。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-0.2毫米。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头的内腔表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米,和/或所述第二座体的外表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头的内腔设有第一止转件,所述第二座体的外表面对应于所述第一止转件设有第二止转件,所述第一止转件与所述第二止转件可拆卸配合连接。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一封头与所述第一止转件一体成型或分体连接,所述第二座体与所述第二止转件一体成型或分体连接。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一止转件包括至少一个平面和/或至少一个弧面,所述第二止转件包括至少一个平面和/或至少一个弧面。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一止转件和所述第二止转件为配合连接的多面体结构。
在某些实施方案中,所述第一止转件和所述第二止转件中的一个为沿轴向延伸的滑槽,另一个为与所述滑槽配合的凸起。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部还包括连接所述第二座体的第三座体,所述第二座体与所述第一座体连接的端部设有限位件,所述第一封头的内径小于所述限位件的外径,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第三座体的外径。
在某些实施方案中,所述支撑部还包括连接所述第二座体的第三座体,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第一座体的外径,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第三座体的外径。
在某些实施方案中,所述至少两个钳臂转动连接于所述第三座体上,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部周向对称设置。
在某些实施方案中,所述自适应瓣膜夹合装置还包括驱动部,所述驱动部包括驱动轴、连接座及至少两个连杆,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接,所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述第三座体中。
在某些实施方案中,所述驱动部还包括设于所述第三座体中的锁定件,所述锁定件用于限制所述驱动轴与所述第三座体的相对运动。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部的第二端具有开口。
在某些实施方案中,所述调节部的第二端还设有第二封头。
在某些实施方案中,所述自适应瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述钳臂及所述调节部之间并可靠近或远离所述钳臂,所述抓持部在自然状态下至少部分容置于所述钳臂的内表面。
另一方面,本公开涉及瓣膜夹合***,其包括上述各个方面中的瓣膜夹合装置、以及输送装置,所述输送装置包括:具有一定轴向长度的推送轴及活动地穿装在所述推送轴中的芯轴,所述推送轴与所述支撑部之间可拆卸连接,所述芯轴与所述驱动部相连,用于驱动所述夹合部相对于所述支撑部的展开和闭合。
另一方面,本公开涉及瓣膜夹合***,其包括上述各个方面中的瓣膜夹合装置及输送装置,所述输送装置包括具有一定轴向长度的推送轴及活动地穿装在所述推送轴中的芯轴,所述推送轴与所述支撑部可拆卸连接,所述芯轴用于驱动所述钳臂绕所述支撑部转动。
在某些实施方案中,瓣膜夹合装置及包含该瓣膜夹合装置的瓣膜夹合***的支撑部的至少一部分设于调节部的中空内,调节部的一端套设在支撑部外侧,调节部的另一端相对支撑部可活动,可活动的这一端不再完全受支撑部或其他装置的限制,提高了调节部的变形能力。因此当该瓣膜夹合装置被径向压缩到输送器中进行体内输送时,不仅易于被压缩入鞘,而且在血管中输送时, 可以适应不同的血管,从而利于输送器在血管中通过,由此减少了对血管壁的损伤。另外,瓣膜夹合装置植入后,通过钳臂夹合瓣叶与调节部的过程中,因调节部可变形,可以提高瓣叶与调节部的弹性贴合性,继而提高了不同患者的瓣叶生理结构的适应性。
附图简要说明
此处的附图被并入说明书中并构成本说明书的一部分,示出了符合本公开的实施例,并与说明书一起用于解释本公开的原理。
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,对于本领域普通技术人员而言,在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是二尖瓣正常状态时的示意图;
图2是二尖瓣出现病变时的示意图;
图3和图4是现有技术中的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图5是依据本公开第一实施方案的第一实施例的一种瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图6是图5中调节部和支撑部组合后的结构示意图;
图7是图5中支撑部的结构示意图;
图8是图5中调节部的结构示意图;
图9a是一示例中制备图5中调节部的管体的结构示意图;
图9b是经图9a中的管体切割定型后的框架结构的结构示意图;
图9c是通过切割制备的一示例弹性主体的结构示意图;
图9d是通过切割制备的另一示例弹性主体的结构示意图;
图9e是图9d中弹性主体近端部分的局部示意图;
图9f是通过切割制备的再一示例弹性主体的结构示意图;
图10a是图5中调节部的一示例网状结构的示意图;
图10b是图5中调节部的另一示例网状结构的示意图;
图11是图5中一示例的具有环状结构的调节部的局部示意图;
图12是图5中夹合部和驱动部组合后的结构示意图;
图13是图5中支撑部与基座配合的结构示意图;
图14是图5中瓣膜夹合装置与输送装置配合的结构示意图;
图15是图5中瓣膜夹合装置的支撑部与输送装置配合的结构示意图;
图16-图20是采用图5中瓣膜夹合装置经左心房顺行接近并修复二尖瓣的输送过程示意图;
图21是依据本公开第一实施方案的第二实施例的一种瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图22是图21中调节部的结构示意图;
图23是图22中调节部远端的局部示意图;
图24a是依据本公开第一实施方案的第三实施例的一种瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图24b是图24a中一优选瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图25a是依据本公开第一实施方案的第四实施例的一种瓣膜夹合装置的调节部的第一曲面侧的结构示意图;
图25b是图25a中调节部的第二曲面侧的结构示意图;
图25c是图25a中调节部的俯视图;
图26a是依据本公开第一实施方案的第五实施例的一种瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图26b是图26a中的瓣膜夹合装置径向压缩后部分收入输送装置中的结构示意图;
图27是现有的一种瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图28是图27所示的瓣膜夹合装置夹持瓣叶时的状态示意图;
图29是本公开第二实施方案的第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图30是图29中的调节部和支撑部组合后的结构示意图;
图31是图29中的调节部和固定件组合后的结构示意图;
图32a是图29中的调节部在一视角下的立体结构示意图;
图32b是图29中的调节部在另一视角下的立体结构示意图;
图33是图29中的瓣膜夹合装置夹持瓣叶时的状态示意图;
图34是图29中的夹合部和驱动部组合后的结构示意图;
图35是图29中的支撑部的结构示意图;
图36是图29中的支撑部与基座配合的结构示意图;
图37是图29中瓣膜夹合装置的支撑部与输送装置配合的结构示意图;
图38-图42是采用图29中的瓣膜夹合装置经左心房顺行接近并对二尖瓣实施缘对缘修复的过程示意图;
图43是本公开第二实施方案的第二实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图44是图43中的调节部和支撑部组合后的结构示意图;
图45是图43中的调节部和固定件组合后的结构示意图;
图46是本公开第二实施方案的第三实施例的瓣膜夹合装置夹持瓣叶时的状态示意图;
图47是本公开第二实施方案的第四实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图48是图47中的支撑部、驱动部与夹合部组合后的结构示意图;
图49是图47中的瓣膜夹合装置夹持瓣叶时的状态示意图;
图50是本公开第二实施方案的第五实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图51是本公开第二实施方案的第六实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图52是图51中的支撑部、驱动部与夹合部组合后的结构示意图;
图53是本公开第二实施方案的第七实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图54是本公开第二实施方案的第八实施例的瓣膜夹合装置与输送装置配合的结构示意图;
图55是图54所示的瓣膜夹合装置经心尖途径接近二尖瓣的 示意图;
图56是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的自适应瓣膜夹合装置的结构示意图;
图57是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的自适应瓣膜夹合装置处于张开状态的结构示意图;
图58是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的自适应瓣膜夹合装置处于闭合状态的结构示意图;
图59是图57中调节部和支撑部组合后的结构示意图;
图60是图57中调节部的结构示意图;
图61-图63是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的调节部的不同结构示意图;
图64本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的自适应瓣膜夹合装置的另一结构示意图;
图65是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的支撑部的结构示意图;
图66是图65中的第一座体的结构示意图;
图67是图65中的第三座体的结构示意图;
图68是本公开第三实施方案的实施例一的输送装置与支撑部的连接示意图;
图69是图68中Ⅰ部分的放大示意图;
图70-图74是采用图57中的自适应瓣膜夹合装置经左心房顺行接近并修复二尖瓣的过程示意图;
图75和图76是本公开第三实施方案的实施例二的支撑部及调节部的结构示意图;
图77是本公开第三实施方案的实施例二的支撑部的结构示意图;
图78是本公开第三实施方案的实施例二的支撑部及调节部的另一结构示意图;
图79是本公开第三实施方案的实施例三的调节部的分解示意图;以及
图80是本公开第三实施方案的实施例三的支撑部的分解示意图。
详述
下面将结合本公开实施例中的附图,对本公开实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本公开一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本公开中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有付出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“上”、“下”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本公开的描述中,需要说明的是,在介入医疗器械领域,近端是指距离操作者较近的一端,而远端是指距离操作者较远的一端;轴向是指平行于医疗器械远端中心和近端中心连线的方向。上述定义只是为了表述方便,并不能理解为对本公开的限制。
当元件被称为“固定于”或“设置于”另一个元件时,该元件可以直接地连接在另一个元件上,也可以通过一个或者多个连接元件间接地连接在另一个元件上。当一个元件被称为是“连接于”另一个元件,它可以是直接地连接到另一个元件上,或者通过一个或者多个连接元件连接到另一元件上。
还需要说明的是,在介入医疗器械领域,近端是指距离操作者较近的一端,而远端是指距离操作者较远的一端;将柱体、管体等一类物体的旋转中心轴的方向定义为轴向;周向为围绕柱体、管体等一类物体的轴线的方向(垂直于轴线,同时垂直于截面半径);径向指沿直径或半径的方向。值得注意的是,无论“近端”、“远 端”、“一端”、“另一端”、“第一端”、“第二端”、“初始端”、“末端”“两端”“自由端”、“上端”、“下端”等词语中所出现的“端”,并不仅限于端头、端点或端面,也包括自端头、端点、或端面在端头、端点、或端面所属元件上延伸一段轴向距离和/或径向距离的部位。上述定义只是为了表述方便,并不能理解为对本公开的限制。
如说明书附图中所示的瓣膜夹合装置,包括支撑部A110、B110、C110,支撑部A110、B110、C110沿轴向设置;中空的调节部A120、B120、C120,支撑部A110、B110、C110的至少一部分设于调节部A120、B120、C120内,调节部A120、B120、C120的一端套设在支撑部A110、B110、C110的外侧,调节部A120、B120、C120的另一端相对支撑部A110、B110、C110可活动;夹合部A130、B130、C130,夹合部A130、B130、C130围设于调节部A120、B120、C120的外侧;以及驱动部A140、B140、C140,驱动部与夹合部连接,以驱动夹合部A130、B130、C130靠近或远离调节部A120、B120、C120。
在本公开所提供的瓣膜夹合装置中支撑部A110、B110、C110包括沿轴向连接的第一座体A112、B115、C112和第二座体A111、B111、C114,第一座体A112、B115、C112设于调节部A120、B120、C120内,即第一座体A112、B115、C112的至少一部分设于调节部A120、B120、C120内;并且调节部A120、B120、C120包括沿轴向相对设置的第一端A121a、B121、C122和第二端A121b、B123、C124以及位于第一端A121a、B121、C122和第二端A121b、B123、C124之间的自扩展主体A120、B125、C121。第一座体A112、B115、C112相较于第二座体A111、B111、C114更远离夹合部A130、B130、C130。
在某些实施方案中,第一端A121a固定套设在第二座体A111外侧,第二端A121b相对支撑部A110自由悬空以相对支撑部可活动。其中,第二端A121b也可以活动套设于第一座体A112外侧并 可相对支撑部A110沿轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,第二端B123固定套设在第一座体B115外侧,此时第一座体B115只有一部分在调节部B120内,并且第一端B121活动套设于第二座体B111外侧并可相对支撑部B110沿所述轴向活动。
在某些实施方案中,第一端C122活动套设在第二座体C114外侧并可相对所述支撑部A110沿所述轴向活动,第二端C124套设在第一座体C112外侧并可相对支撑部C110沿所述轴向活动。其中,第二端C124也可以相对支撑部C110自由悬空以相对支撑部C110可活动。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121为弹性体,调节部A120、B120、C120在第二端A121b、B123、C124处设有开口。
在某些实施方案中,弹性体选自网状结构、框架结构、致密结构或多孔结构中的至少一种。
在某些实施方案中,弹性体为网状结构或框架结构,弹性体的至少部分外表面和/或至少部分内表面覆盖有生物相容性薄膜。
在某些实施方案中,调节部A120、B120、C120的第二端A121b、B123、C124为具有中心通孔的封头,弹性体的一部分穿装并固定在封头中,中心通孔形成开口;或者第二端A121b、B123、C124边缘套设一中空的圈套结构形成开口;或者第二端A121b、B123、C124的边缘围合形成开口。
在某些实施方案中,弹性体为网状结构,弹性体由形状记忆材料经编织而成,编织形成网状结构的网丝在第二端A121b、B123、C124处弯折绕回形成开口。
在某些实施方案中,弹性体为框架结构,框架结构由形状记忆材料切割而成,框架结构包括多根支杆,相邻的支杆之间彼此间隔或者交联,多根支杆的近端聚拢形成开口。
在某些实施方案中,弹性体为致密结构,致密结构由硅胶制 成;或者弹性体为多孔结构,多孔结构由海绵制成;并且致密结构或多孔结构的第二端边缘形成开口。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体的至少一部分在自然状态下的直径自调节部的第一端向调节部的第二端逐渐增大。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121具有与第二端相连的凹陷区,凹陷区朝第一端凹陷,且第二端沿轴线位于自扩展主体A120、B125、C121的两个端面之间。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121包括依次连接的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段;第一区段自调节部A120、B120、C120的第二端A121b、B123、C124朝向支撑部的第二端延伸,且第一区段围绕在支撑部的第二端的外侧;第二区段自第一区段继续径向向外延伸;并且第三区段自第二区段朝向支撑部的第一端同时径向向内延伸至调节部的第一端A121a、B121、C122截止。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121还包括弯折区段,弯折区段连接于调节部A120、B125、C121的第二端A121b、B123、C124与第一区段之间。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121的第二区段的径向尺寸的范围为4mm-15mm,调节部A120、B125、C121的第一端A121a、B121、C122的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121沿周向包括多个第一曲面和多个第二曲面,第一曲面与第二曲面彼此相邻,相对设置的两个第一曲面分别面向夹合部,第二曲面的面积小于第一曲面的面积。
在某些实施方案中,第一座体A112、B115、C112包括与第二座体A111、B111、C114连接的接口端以及与接口端相对设置的自由端,自由端位于调节部A120、B120、C120内。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121为弹性体,调节部A120、B120、C120在第二端A121b、B123、C124处设有开口;并且开口的尺寸小于或者等于自由端的尺寸。
在某些实施方案中,调节部A120、B120、C120的一端的边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,圈套结构套设在支撑部的外侧。
在某些实施方案中,夹合部A130、B130、C130包括至少两个钳臂,至少两个钳臂相对于调节部A120、B120、C120对称设置,驱动部A140、B140、C140分别与每个钳臂连接,以驱动每个钳臂靠近或远离调节部A120、B120、C120。
在某些实施方案中,支撑部A110、B110、C110还包括与第二座体连接的基座,每一钳臂均转动连接于基座上,钳臂与基座的连接处与第一端之间具有轴向间距。
在某些实施方案中,驱动部A140、B140、C140包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个连杆的一端与夹合部连接,另一端与连接座枢接;并且驱动轴的一端与连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在基座中。
在某些实施方案中,瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于基座中的锁定部,锁定部限制驱动轴与基座的相对运动。
在某些实施方案中,驱动部A140、B140、C140包括:驱动轴、自动闭合单元以及至少两个连杆;驱动轴活动穿装于支撑部中,每个连杆的一端与一个钳臂转动连接,每个连杆的另一端与驱动轴转动连接;并且自动闭合单元连接钳臂,用于使得钳臂在自然状态下贴靠调节部。
在某些实施方案中,驱动部A140、B140、C140包括:驱动部包括驱动轴以及至少两个弹性驱动臂,驱动轴的一端活动穿装于支撑部中,每一弹性驱动臂的一端均固定连接驱动轴的另一端,每一弹性驱动臂的另一端分别连接一个钳臂;并且弹性驱动臂用于使得钳臂在自然状态下贴靠调节部。
在某些实施方案中,钳臂的末端设有翻边段,翻边段呈朝向钳臂的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,钳臂贴靠至调节部后,自扩展主体在轴向上突出于翻边段。
在某些实施方案中,自扩展主体A120、B125、C121对应翻边段处设置适配段,适配段朝向翻边段的一侧的形状与弧面互补。
在某些实施方案中,瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部A150、B150、C150,抓持部设于夹合部及调节部之间并可靠近或远离调节部,抓持部及夹合部均远离调节部时,抓持部至少部分容置于夹合部的内表面。
第一实施方案
参阅图5-图20,依据本公开第一实施方案的一种瓣膜夹合装置A100包括:支撑部A110,支撑部A110包括相对设置的连接端A111和自由端A112;中空的调节部A120,支撑部A110的至少一部分设于调节部A120内,调节部A120的一端A121a套设在连接端A111外侧并与支撑部A110连接,调节部A120的另一端A121b自由悬空;夹合部A130,夹合部A130围设于调节部A120的外侧;驱动部A140,驱动部A140与夹合部A130连接,以驱动夹合部A130围绕调节部A120展开或闭合。
对于上述瓣膜夹合装置A100,支撑部A110的至少一部分设于调节部A120的中空内,调节部A120的一端A121a套设在连接端A111外侧并与支撑部A110连接,调节部A120的另一端A121b自由悬空,自由悬空的这一端不再受支撑部A110或输送装置A200的限制,提高了调节部A120的轴向变形能力,同时增强了其沿轴向的弯曲变形能力,因此当该瓣膜夹合装置A100被径向压缩到输送器中进行体内输送时,不仅易于被压缩入鞘,而且在血管中输送时,可以适应不同弯曲曲度的血管,从而利于输送器在血管中通过,由此减少了对血管壁的损伤。另,瓣膜夹合装置A100植入后,通过钳臂A131夹合瓣叶与调节部A120的过程中,因调节部A120的轴向形变不受限,可以提高瓣叶与调节部A120的弹性贴合性,继而提高了不同患者的瓣叶生理结构的适应性。
参阅图6和图7,支撑部A110可以是两端面轴向贯通的圆管体,该圆管体的远端为连接端A111,近端为自由端A112。支撑部A110的至少一部分设于调节部A120的中空内,例如,支撑部A110的自由端A112位于调节部A120内,该自由端A112在输送状态 下和展开状态下均位于调节部A120内,不会外露出调节部A120。支撑部A110还设有轴向通孔状的穿设通道A113,以与驱动部A140和输送装置A200联动配合。支撑部A110的圆管体的管壁上设有至少两个卡位A114,用于与输送装置A200进行可拆卸连接。例如,输送装置A200上的卡台A221(参阅图14)卡入卡位A114后,输送装置A200与支撑部A110卡合连接,可进行瓣膜夹合装置A100的输送,当卡台A221脱离卡位A114后,输送装置A200与瓣膜夹合装置A100分离,并于体内释放。应当知晓,此处的支撑部A110结构仅用作举例,并不是对本公开的限制,本领域的普通技术人员基于本公开的教导,采用的其他支撑部A110的结构,均在本公开的保护范围内。
本公开的瓣膜夹合装置A100在近端的自由端A112无论是输送状态下,还是释放展开状态下,均位于中空的调节部A120内,因此始终不会外露于输送装置A200中或外露于心脏中,从而避免了血液的冲刷,尽量减少了植入后血栓的形成。且,在植入后,还避免了与瓣叶直接接触,伴随着瓣叶的长期搏动,避免了瓣叶磨损甚至穿孔,提高了植入患者的安全。
参阅图6和图8,调节部A120包括可变形的弹性主体A123,该弹性主体A123具有中空容纳腔体,至少一部分支撑部A110设于该中空容纳腔体内。弹性主体A123的一端A121a与支撑部A110连接,弹性主体A123的另一端A121b具有开口A122并自由悬空。弹性主体A123可变形,从而可适应不同瓣叶之间的间距,调节瓣膜夹合装置A100对瓣叶的牵拉程度。弹性主体A123的开口A122用于穿装输送装置A200的远端,应当理解的是,输送装置A200的远端经开口A122穿入弹性主体A123的内腔后与支撑部A110的近端(自由端)相连,而弹性主体A123的远端的开口A122与输送装置A200的远端或支撑部A110的近端(自由端)均不相连,即,弹性主体A123的近端A121b为自由悬空状态。由此,在输送过程或夹合瓣叶的过程中,当夹合部A130闭合时,调节部A120中的弹性主体A123不受支撑部A110或输送装置A200的限制,在径 向及轴向均可变形,变形程度较大,更利于输送,对瓣叶的适应能力更强;当解脱输送装置A200的远端或支撑部A110的近端(自由端)之间的连接后,调节部A120的自由悬空的一端的变形能力更强,对瓣叶的适应能力更强。
在其中一个实施例中,该弹性主体A123为网状结构,网状结构可以由形状记忆材料经编织而成,例如可选用超弹性的镍钛合金材料进行编织及经过热定型处理后,形成压缩状态和展开状态,在输送装置A200中保持为压缩状态,在体内释放后保持展开状态。在其中一个实施例中,网状结构的弹性主体A123采用编织而成,在制作时,先将12-36根直径为0.02-0.15mm的镍钛丝缠绕在衬棒上,编织形成一个筒状的编织网,具有相对设置的近端和远端。在近端,多个网丝A124弯折绕回形成多个环形,多个环形围合形成近端边缘,然后将一根金属丝依次穿过近端的所有环形之后适度收紧金属丝,但保留尺寸适中的开口。然后将定型模具自编织网的远端塞入,再将远端的镍钛丝用金属丝缠绕成一束;将编织网和定型模具放入电加热式循环空气箱式炉于450-650℃(优选500℃)条件下进行热定型处理10-20分钟;取出冷却至室温后,拆除近端和远端的金属丝,并取出定型模具,将远端的所有镍钛丝塞入不锈钢制成的封头中,进行压接或焊接,得到网状结构的弹性主体A123。
参阅图9a和9b,弹性主体A123还可以是框架结构,框架结构由不锈钢、合金、聚氯乙烯等较硬的金属或高分子材料切割而成。切割后的弹性主体A123内表面光滑平整,避免在弹性主体A123内部形成血栓并保证固定件A220(参阅图14)可以顺利的从弹性主体A123的开口A122顺利撤出。切割方式可以采用线切割,也可以采用激光切割,优选采用激光切割的方式。制作时,先采用激光切割机将镍钛管A126切割成所需要的形状。将切割所得到的镍钛件压入具有一定形状的定型模具内。然后将镍钛件和定型模具放入电加热式循环空气箱式炉于450-650℃(优选500℃)条件下进行定型热处理10-20分钟;取出冷却至室温后,拆除定型模具, 得到定型后的弹性主体A123,其为框架结构,包括多根径向间隔排布、轴向延伸的支杆A127,多个支杆A127的近端聚拢形成自由悬空的近端边缘。多个支杆A127的远端汇聚并焊接于支撑部A110上。镍钛管是具有一定壁厚的管材,具体的,镍钛管的壁厚小于1mm,优选0.02-0.15mm,并具有一定的柔性和刚性。
参阅图9c,弹性主体A123为切割形成的框架结构,由多个支杆A127配合连接形成,该弹性主体A123的近端A121b为开放结构,该框架结构在近端A121b处的所有支杆A127的近端边缘围合形成上述开口A122。
参阅图9d和9e,弹性主体A123仍为框架结构,由多个支杆A127配合连接形成,该弹性主体A123的近端A121b为开放结构,近端A121b处的每个支杆A127上还可设有通孔A127a,通孔A127a之间通过柔性的线A129以串联各通孔A127a形成开口A122。
参阅图9f,弹性主体A123仍为框架结构,由多个支杆A127配合连接形成,该弹性主体A123的近端A121b为开放结构,该框架结构的相邻支杆A127之间可切割后彼此交联,例如,近端A121b边缘处的相邻支杆A127之间切割后彼此交联形成环状结构A129。
当然,调节部A120的弹性主体A123还可以是其他具有弹性的中空结构,例如,弹性主体A123可以是致密结构或多孔结构,致密结构为硅胶体,多孔结构为海绵体,致密结构或多孔结构的近端边缘形成开口A122用于供输送装置A200的远端穿入弹性主体A123的内腔。
弹性主体A123的形状选自柱形、锥形、球形、扁球形、椭球形、扇球形或葫芦形中的至少一种,也可以是多种形状的组合。为避免弹性主体A123影响夹持臂A151和钳臂A131与支撑部A110之间的相对开合,避免影响对瓣叶的夹持效果,弹性主体A123靠近远端的部分的直径应小于弹性主体A123其他部分的直径。例如,在图8所示的实施方式中,弹性主体A123的中部为柱状,两头为锥体,且两头的锥体的锥角相同。可以理解的是,在 其他实施例中,弹性主体A123也可以为其它的任何形状,只要远端的直径不影响夹持效果即可。例如,图10a所示的两端锥角相同的纺锤形结构,或者图10b所示的两端的锥角不同的结构。
上述调节部A120包括近端和远端,在其中一个实施例中,弹性主体A123的近端边缘套设一中空的圈套结构(图中未示出)形成开口,该圈套结构可以是现有的封头结构。圈套结构可以是环形或多边形,可以是不锈钢等硬质材料制成,从而将网状结构的网丝或者框架结构的支杆适当向中心轴处收拢,但是不闭合,从而在圈套结构的中心处形成一开口A122。在另一个实施例中,弹性主体A123的近端边缘围合形成上述开口A122,开口A122的尺寸小于或等于自由端A112的尺寸,从而保证支撑部A110的自由端A112在压缩状态和展开状态均不会伸出调节部A120。
弹性主体A123的近端边缘围合形成上述开口A122的方式有多种,在本实施例的一具体实施方式中,网状结构A123由镍钛合金丝经编织及热定型处理而成,并且网状结构A123的网丝A124在近端弯折绕回形成近端边缘,即所有网丝A124在近端边缘的绕折部分围合形成开口A122,绕折的形状可以根据需要设置,例如一次绕折,或多次缠绕形成至少一个环形后绕回等等,此处不再一一赘述。
弹性主体A123的近端边缘围合形成开口A122,取消了瓣膜夹合装置A100的调节部A120的近端封头,当夹合部A130闭合时,弹性主体A123不仅在径向及轴向均可变形,变形程度较大,更利于输送;另,弹性主体A123不受封头对其每根网丝或支杆的轴向运动的限制,因此能适度卷曲或弯曲,从而完全贴合瓣叶,更好地适应不同患者的瓣叶生理结构;另,还可以避免现有技术中的近端封头部件在植入一段时间后脱落的风险;另,弹性主体A123的远端与支撑部A110相连,而近端处开口A122开放,因此重心始终位于支撑部A110的轴向(即弹性主体A123的轴心线),因此自中心性较好,不易倾斜。
进一步地,参阅图11,调节部A120还可以包括设于近端边 缘的环状结构A125,以稳定开口A122的形貌,网状结构A123位于近端的所有网丝A124与环状结构A125缠绕连接。环状结构A125由柔性或弹性材料制成,其丝径大于编织网状结构A123的网丝的丝径,从而为网状结构A123的开口A122提供一定支撑力,但是不影响网状结构A123的轴向变形能力及弯曲能力。
调节部A120的远端与支撑部A110固定连接。具体地,弹性主体A123的远端边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,圈套结构固定套设于支撑部A110上。远端A121a的圈套结构(例如图8中的远端A121a处封头)与支撑部A110通过焊接、粘结、螺纹连接、压接、螺栓锁紧等常见的可拆卸或不可拆卸连接方式固定在一起,例如,可以优先采用焊接连接。
参阅图12和图13,夹合部A130包括至少两个钳臂A131,一般可以包括至少一组钳臂A131,每一组钳臂A131包括相对于调节部A120对称设置的两个钳臂A131,图中的夹合部A130包括一组钳臂A131,应当知晓,此处仅用作举例,本领域的普通技术人员可以根据需要选择合适的钳臂A131数量,例如两组或更多组钳臂。驱动部A140分别与每个钳臂A131连接,例如驱动部A140分别与一组钳臂A131中的两个钳臂A131连接,以驱动每个钳臂A131围绕调节部A120转动。可以理解的是,还可以根据需要在每组中设置三个或更多个钳臂A131,例如,可以通过三个可相对开合的钳臂A131来夹合三尖瓣的三片瓣叶,从而治疗三尖瓣反流。
输送状态下,驱动部A140驱动钳臂A131围绕调节部A120闭合,从而减少瓣膜夹合装置A100的外径,利于输送;瓣膜夹合装置A100在体内展开后,驱动部A140驱动钳臂A131将瓣叶夹持在钳臂A131与调节部A120之间,实现瓣叶夹持。
在本实施例的一优选实施方式中,瓣膜夹合装置A100还包括抓持部,一般可以包括至少一组抓持臂A151,每一组抓持臂A151包括相对于调节部A120对称设置的两个抓持臂A151,抓持部(例如抓持臂A151)设于夹合部A130(例如钳臂A131)与调节部A120之间并可相对调节部A120展开或闭合,抓持部及夹合部A130均 展开时,抓持部至少部分容置于夹合部A130的内表面。当然,还可以根据需要在每组中设置三个或更多个抓持臂A151,从而与钳臂A131配合实现夹合功能。
输送状态下,抓持部至少部分容纳在夹合部A130的内表面中,即抓持臂A151至少部分容纳在钳臂A131的内表面中,从而减少了瓣膜夹合装置A100的外径,利于输送;在钳臂A131与抓持臂A151配合夹持瓣叶后,凹入的内表面可以增加钳臂A131与瓣叶的接触面积、并使得抓持臂A151将瓣叶压入钳臂A131的内表面中,增加对瓣叶的夹持力。
仍参阅图12和图13,瓣膜夹合装置A100还包括与支撑部A110固定连接的基座A160,夹合部A130转动连接于基座A160上。具体地,基座A160的近端与支撑部A110的远端A121a固定连接,应当说明,此处为了阐述方便将此部分定义为术语“基座”,实现该基座A160功能的结构也可以是支撑部A110的远端,即与支撑部A110形成的一体结构,因此定义术语“基座”不应形成对本公开范围的限制。每一组中的每个钳臂A131在基座A160上通过枢轴A132连接在一起,从而在驱动部A140的驱动下,每个钳臂A131彼此配合可以一起围绕调节部A120展开和闭合。
仍参阅图12和图13,驱动部A140包括:驱动轴A141、连接座A142以及两个连杆A143;其中,每个连杆A143的一端与夹合部A130连接,另一端与连接座A142枢接;驱动轴A141的一端与连接座A142连接,另一端活动地穿装在基座A160中。具体地,每一连杆A143的一端与一钳臂A131相连,另一端通过枢轴A144连接于连接座A142,即,每一钳臂A131通过相应一侧的连杆A143转动连接于驱动轴A141的连接座A142远端。驱动轴A141活动地穿过基座A160,当驱动轴A141相对于基座A160沿轴向滑动时,连杆A143转动并带动钳臂A131相对于基座A160开合。
具体的,驱动部A140包括至少一组连杆A143,连杆A143的数量设置与钳臂A131的设置一一对应,例如图中采用两个钳臂A131,则相对应地设置两个配合工作的连杆A143。连杆A143的 远端通过转动销钉或螺栓A144等方式转动连接于驱动轴A141远端的连接座A142上。当驱动轴A141沿轴向相对于基座A160朝远端滑动,带动连杆A143运动,在连杆A143的拉动下,钳臂A131围绕销钉孔A144转动而相对于基座A160张开。当驱动轴A141沿轴向相对于基座A160朝近端滑动,连杆A143拉动钳臂A131围绕销钉孔A144转动而相对于基座A160闭合。
连接座A142通过焊接等方式固定设置在驱动轴A141的远端,连接座A142开设一对销钉。销钉孔用于通过销钉A144铰链连接连杆A143,连杆A143的另一端连接钳臂A131,从而实现钳臂A131相对于基座A160的开合。连接座A142的形状为半球体、球冠或弹头形等任一结构,以使瓣膜夹合装置A100更容易在体内进行推送。驱动轴A141与连接座A142可以是一体结构,也可以是非一体结构。为保证植入后的安全性,驱动轴A141及连接座A142由聚酯、硅树脂、不锈钢、钴合金、钴铬合金或钛合金等生物相容性材料制成,优选为硬度较高的不锈钢或钴铬合金。
优选地,参见图12所示,瓣膜夹合装置A100还包括设于基座A160中的锁定部A170,锁定部A170限制驱动轴A141与基座A160的相对运动。在输送状态时,锁定部A170限制驱动轴A141与基座A160的相对运动,从而保证夹合部A130相对于调节部A120和支撑部A110始终保持闭合状态,避免夹合部A130的意外展开;在到达二尖瓣附近后,解锁锁定部A170对驱动轴A141的限制,即可通过驱动部A140驱动夹合部A130相对于调节部A120和支撑部A110展开并承托瓣叶。可采用现有的任意适合的锁定部,此处不再赘述。
参阅图14和图15,本实施例的瓣膜夹合***包括上述瓣膜夹合装置A100、以及输送装置A200,其中,输送装置A200包括:具有一定轴向长度的推送轴A210及活动地穿装在推送轴A210中的芯轴(图中未示出),推送轴A210与支撑部A110之间可拆卸连接,芯轴与驱动部A140相连,用于驱动夹合部A130相对于支撑部A110的展开和闭合。本实施例中,驱动轴A141的近端设置外 螺纹,芯轴与驱动轴A141之间螺纹连接,从而在患者体外通过芯轴来控制驱动轴A141的轴向运动。应当知晓,此处列出的仅是输送装置的部分结构,其他部分可采用现有的任一适合的结构,此处不再赘述。
具体地,支撑部A110的近端外壁对称开设有连通于支撑部A110的管腔的至少一卡位A114,推送轴A210远端设有一固定件A220,固定件A220包括两个分支,每个分支的末端为凸起的卡台A221。在自然状态,两个分支均指向固定件A220的中心轴处。组装时,将固定件A220***支撑部A110中,再将输送装置A200的芯轴***推送轴A210中,直至芯轴***固定件A220中,将固定件A220的两个分支向外顶起,分支末端的卡台A221卡入支撑部A110的两个卡位A114中,从而将支撑部A110与固定件A220连接,即,将瓣膜夹合装置A100和输送装置A200相连。当将芯轴自固定件A220及推送轴A210中撤出,两个分支恢复向内的自然状态,卡台A221从支撑部A110的卡位A114中脱离,使得瓣膜夹合装置A100与输送装置A200之间解除连接。固定件A220由镍钛等具有一定硬度及弹性的材料制成。推送轴A210可采用多层复合管体。芯轴为不锈钢材料制成。
支撑部A110的内部设有通孔作为驱动轴A141的穿设通道A113,驱动轴A141沿轴向滑动地穿设于支撑部A110的穿设通道A113内。驱动轴A141的近端设置外螺纹,用于与输送装置A200的芯轴连接,从而通过芯轴来控制驱动轴A141的轴向运动。在夹合部A130和抓持部A150配合并夹紧瓣膜组织后,通过芯轴带动驱动轴A141沿轴向向近端运动,驱动轴A141带动连杆A143转动,连杆A143带动钳臂A131相对于支撑部A110合拢,直至钳臂A131相对于支撑部A110完全闭合,使瓣膜夹合装置A100处于收拢闭合状态,坠于瓣膜下方。之后可以解脱芯轴与驱动轴A141之间的连接,芯轴自固定件A220之间后撤,卡台A221自支撑部A110的卡位A114中分离,从而实现瓣膜夹合装置A100和输送装置A200的解脱。在解脱的过程中,由于瓣膜夹合装置A100与输 送装置A200的连接处(即,解脱处)位于瓣膜夹合装置A100的调节部A120内,而调节部A120的近端设有开放的开口A122,没有部件会钩挂固定件A220的分支末端的卡台A221,便于瓣膜夹合装置A100的释放。另外,解脱处设于调节部A120的内部,不直接受到血液的冲刷,即可避免解脱处的机构失效,也可降低血栓形成的风险。
参阅图16-图20,以经左心房顺行接近并修复二尖瓣为例,阐述本公开的瓣膜夹合装置A100的使用过程:
第一步:如图16所示,通过可调弯鞘管等导引装置(图未示出)将驱动轴A141及与其相连的瓣膜夹合装置A100从左心房A2推进,经过二尖瓣A1到达左心室A3;
第二步:调整瓣膜夹合装置A100接近二尖瓣A1的前叶A1a和后叶A1b;
第三步:如图17所示,解锁基座A160中的锁定部,向近端拉动芯轴及驱动轴A141,驱动钳臂A131相对于支撑部A110张开,调整钳臂A131方向,此时可通过X射线设备观察钳臂A131与二尖瓣A1的前叶A1a和后叶A1b的相对位置,使得钳臂A131垂直于二尖瓣A1的对合线;
第四步:如图18所示,向近端回撤整个瓣膜夹合装置A100,使钳臂A131在左心室A3侧托住瓣叶A1,释放两侧的抓持臂A151,每侧的抓持臂A151在心房侧压住瓣叶A1并与该侧的钳臂A131配合固定瓣叶A1,实现瓣叶A1的完整夹持;
第五步:如图19所示,当二尖瓣A1的前叶A1a和后叶A1b分别被夹持在一对钳臂A131和抓持臂A151之间,向远端推动芯轴及驱动轴A141,从而驱动钳臂A131闭合;
第六步:解脱芯轴与驱动轴A141之间的螺纹连接,并后撤芯轴,固定件A220的两个分支恢复向中心轴靠拢的状态,卡台A221自支撑部A110的卡位A114中分离,瓣膜夹合装置A100与输送装置A200之间的连接解除,之后将输送装置A200撤出体外,得到如图20所示的植入状态,此时瓣膜夹合装置A100将二尖瓣A1 的前叶A1a和后叶A1b拉向彼此,得到双孔化的二尖瓣,完成二尖瓣的缘对缘修复。
瓣膜夹合装置A100植入后,具有弹性的调节部A120填充于被夹持的二尖瓣A1的前叶A1a和后叶A1b之间,且抵顶于钳臂A131,调节部A120的弹性主体A123(例如网状结构或多孔结构等)对于搏动的瓣叶A1具有缓冲作用,从而实现瓣膜夹合装置A100对瓣叶A1的牵拉程度可调节,以避免损伤瓣叶A1;另,弹性主体A123可以跟随瓣叶A1的搏动而被挤压变形,产生的弹力将瓣叶A1靠近弹性主体A123的部分向远离基座A160的方向推动,而此时因调节部A120的开口A122结构使得弹性主体A123朝向近端的轴向运动不再受限,二尖瓣的前叶和后叶之间的夹合角度小于钳臂A131之间的张开角度,能够减少瓣膜夹合装置A100对瓣叶A1的牵拉,使得瓣膜夹合装置A100对瓣叶A1的牵拉程度始终保持在合理范围内;另,弹性主体A123可以缓冲血流对瓣膜夹合装置A100内部的直接冲刷,避免瓣膜夹合装置A100受到血液的连续冲刷而脱落,还可以避免血液在瓣膜夹合装置A100的夹合部A130之间的死角处(图5中的G处)淤积形成血栓;另,弹性主体A123受到瓣膜的压力作用时,会产生一定程度的变形,且变形程度随着压力的增加而增大,从而避免抓取瓣叶A1后,弹性主体A123受到钳臂A131的挤压力反过来作用于钳臂A131上,保证释放后瓣膜夹合装置A100对瓣叶A1的抓取效果与释放前保持一致。
参阅图21-图23,与第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置相比,依据本公开第二实施例的瓣膜夹合装置A300的调节部A320的网状结构位于远端A321的所有网丝A324固定套设于支撑部A310上。即调节部A320两端A322和A321均为没有封头的开放结构,调节部A320在装配时直接将调节部A322远端A321的网丝A324通过焊接、粘结、压接等常见的可拆卸或不可拆卸连接方式固定在支撑部A310上,本实施例优选焊接连接。
因夹合部A330(例如钳臂)的展开或闭合是绕着靠近调节部 A320远端侧的枢轴A332(例如销钉)进行转动。当夹合部A330闭合时,越靠近枢轴A332处,其空间越小。当瓣叶被夹合部A330夹持后,会有部分瓣叶A1填充累积于D处的空间,不仅会影响瓣膜夹合装置的关闭,并且当无法及时发现该处的瓣叶A1填充情况,强制关闭瓣膜夹合装置时,钳臂会导致该处的瓣叶A1严重损伤。本实施例中,由于调节部A320的远端A321也为无封头的开放结构,在瓣膜夹合装置A300关闭的过程中,调节部A320能更好地顺应瓣叶A1的变形。同时,由于调节部A320减少了硬质的封头,从而增大该处的空间,有利于整个瓣膜夹合装置A300在抓取到瓣叶A1后更好地闭合。
参阅图24a,与第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置相比,依据本公开第三实施例的瓣膜夹合装置A400的调节部A420的网状结构的至少部分外表面施加覆膜。除此之外,还可以在夹合部A430及抓持部A450的至少部分外表面施加覆膜。该覆膜可以为编织网状结构,并开设多个网孔。覆膜后的调节部A420、夹合部A430及抓持部A450的生物相容性更高,且摩擦力增强,因此对瓣叶的夹持效果较好。
例如参阅图24b,抓持臂A451和钳臂A431外部分别覆盖有第一覆膜和第二覆膜,调节部A420的弹性主体外部覆盖有第三覆膜。三者的开孔率大小关系为:第三覆膜的开孔率<第一覆膜的开孔率<第二覆膜的开孔率。开孔率是指开孔面积占整个覆膜面积的百分比。第二覆膜的开孔率较大,使得第二覆膜相较于第一覆膜具有更佳的弹性及延伸率,当覆盖有第二覆膜的钳臂相对于固定基座开合时,第二覆膜能够跟随钳臂的开合而产生相应的弹性变形,第二覆膜始终贴附于钳臂上。第三覆膜的开孔率最小,使得弹性主体基本可以阻碍血流通过。
第一覆膜及第二覆膜上的网孔可以通过血液并防止血栓通过,第三覆膜上的网孔既不可以通过血液也不可以通过血栓。第一覆膜能够允许血液渗透通过,不影响血液自左心房至左心室的正常流动,避免血液滞留于左心房中,从而减少了血液压力对左心房 腔体的损伤;第一覆膜还可以增大抓持臂与血液的接触面积,以对流入的血流起到缓冲作用,从而尽可能避免流入的血流冲击瓣膜夹合装置造成抓持臂变形而导致滑脱。第二覆膜可以使得血流在左心房内及左心室之间正常流通,从而减小左心房与左心室之间的血液压力差;第二覆膜还能将极少量通过第一覆膜进入瓣膜夹合装置内部的血栓阻挡下来而滞留于瓣膜夹合装置中,防止血栓进入左心室并进入人体血液循环诱发中风。
具有第三覆膜的弹性主体不仅增加生物相容性,避免组织过敏、炎症反应,提高产品安全性,更主要的是,具有第三覆膜的弹性主体还能够在瓣叶的心房侧形成人工屏障,阻挡血液中的血栓,闭合整个瓣膜夹合装置朝向心房侧的开口,避免血液在瓣膜夹合装置的内部死角处的反复冲刷形成血栓,从而避免血栓。
第一覆膜、第二覆膜及第三覆膜均可以由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯、聚丙烯、聚四氟乙烯、聚氨酯等高分子材质制成,三者的材料可以相同也可以不同,本实施例中,三者均由PET制成。
参阅图25a-图25c,与第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置相比,依据本公开第四实施例的瓣膜夹合装置的调节部A520具有自由悬空端和远端封头A521,该自由悬空端处可以具有开口A522,该调节部A520包括多个第一曲面A520a和多个第二曲面A520b,第一曲面A520a与第二曲面A520b彼此相邻,并圆滑连接在一起,即第一曲面A520a只与第二曲面A520b相邻,第二曲面A520b也只与第一曲面A520a相邻,相对设置的两个第一曲面A520a分别面向一个钳臂,第二曲面A520b的面积小于第一曲面A520a的面积。
本实施例中,面积相对较小的第一曲面A520a正对着钳臂,面积相对较大的第二曲面A520b圆滑连接在两个第一曲面A520a之间,随着瓣膜夹合装置的闭合过程,调节部的第一曲面A520a受到钳臂与瓣叶的挤压,调节部沿着第二曲面A520b的方向延展,逐渐贴合于瓣叶,从而更好地适应瓣叶的形状,并增加了第一曲面A520a与瓣叶之间的接触面积,从而减少了瓣膜夹合装置与瓣叶之间的间隙,减缓了血流并阻碍血流对瓣膜夹合装置的冲刷。 优选地,第一曲面A520a的曲度还可以大于第二曲面A520b的曲度,使得调节部呈现扁平的椭球状,避免影响钳臂的闭合。进一步地,在这种实施方式中,当钳臂闭合时,受到钳臂和瓣叶的挤压,调节部第一曲面A520a受到压力,调节部沿着第二曲面A520b的方向延展,由于调节部的第一端开放设置,不会钩挂输送***远端,从而能够保证瓣膜夹合装置在调节部发生任意变形的情况下都从瓣膜夹合装置的输送装置连接处脱离。
参阅图26a及图26b,与第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置相比,依据本公开第五实施例的瓣膜夹合装置A600的调节部A620的结构与实施例一的调节部A120结构相同,区别在于夹合部A630和抓持部A650配合以抓取瓣叶的方式不同。第五实施例中,夹合部A630包括一组可相对于支撑部A610及调节部A620展开或闭合的钳臂A631,抓持部A650包括一对抓持臂A651,且抓持部A650位于夹合部A630和调节部A620之间。
输送时,夹合部A630、抓持部A650和调节部A620均收容在输送装置A200的远端之中,将输送装置A200通过经心尖的途径送入左心室后跨过二尖瓣瓣口到达左心房,回撤输送装置A200,使得调节部A620和抓持部A650逐渐伸出输送装置A200并展开于左心房内;继续回撤输送装置A200直至夹合部A630也自输送装置A200中伸出并展开于左心室内;然后通过驱动部向远端推送夹合部A630,将二尖瓣的前叶和后叶分别承托于夹合部A630的两个钳臂A631的内表面,向近端回撤抓持部A650及调节部A620,即,驱动抓持部A650向夹合部A630的方向运动,从而将瓣叶捕获在抓持部A650与夹合部A630之间,然后再驱动夹合部A630相对于调节部A620和支撑部A610闭合,从而将前叶和后叶分别固定在一个钳臂A631和与该钳臂A631对应设置的一个抓持臂A651之间,然后向远端推送输送装置A200直至将瓣膜夹合装置A600逐渐收拢闭合;解脱瓣膜夹合装置和输送装置A200之间的连接,从而将瓣膜夹合装置植入在二尖瓣上,将二尖瓣的前叶和后叶拉向彼此形成双孔化结构。
第二实施方案
实施例一
请参阅图29至图33,本公开第一实施例提供的一种贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置B100包括:
支撑部B110,支撑部B110具有一定轴向长度,且包括相对设置的第一端B111和第二端B115;
调节部B120,调节部B120包括相对设置的第一端B121和第二端B123、以及位于第一端B121和第二端B123之间的自扩展主体B125;
以及夹合部B130,夹合部B130设于调节部B120的外侧并可相对于调节部B120展开或闭合。
该瓣膜夹合装置B100的调节部B120的第一端B121活动套设在支撑部B110的外侧,调节部B120的第二端B123套设在支撑部B110的外侧并与支撑部B110固定连接。调节部B120的第一端B121位于支撑部B110的第一端B111与调节部B120的第二端B123之间,或者说,调节部B120的第一端B121相较调节部B120的第二端B123更靠近支撑部B110的第一端B111。
结合图29及图38-图42,该第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B100在支撑部B110的第二端B115上设置与输送装置B200可拆卸连接(如螺纹连接、卡扣连接等)的连接部(未标示),输送装置B200经导管将瓣膜夹合装置B100推送至心脏内,则支撑部B110的第二端B115为其近端,支撑部B110的第一端B111为其远端,调节部B120的第二端B123为其近端,调节部B120的第一端B121为其远端。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,瓣膜夹合装置可经心尖介入心脏,那么支撑部的第二端为其远端,支撑部的第一端为其近端,调节部的第二端为其远端,调节部的第一端为其近端。
请同时参阅图29-图33,瓣膜夹合装置B100主要包括两种状态,一是展开状态,二是闭合状态。展开状态下,调节部B120处于不受外力的自然状态,调节部B120的自扩展主体B125在自然 状态下的直径自调节部B120的第一端B121向调节部B120的第二端B123逐渐增大,即,调节部B120的整体外形近似呈倒锥体形,调节部B120的第一端B121大致构成倒锥体形的顶点,调节部B120的第二端B123附近的部位构成倒锥体形的锥底。该第一实施例中,夹合部B130的一端转动连接于支撑部B110的第一端B111,从而夹合部B130能够围绕调节部B120并以其与支撑部B110的第一端B111的转动连接部位为中心展开或闭合,调节部B120的第一端B121与支撑部B110的第一端B111之间具有轴向间距,从而调节部B120受到径向挤压时,调节部B120的第一端B121能够朝向支撑部B110的第一端B111做轴向移动,那么在夹合部B130以其与支撑部B110的第一端B111的转动连接部位为中心并围绕调节部B120闭合以夹持瓣叶B1的过程中,调节部B120受到夹合部B130的挤压而发生径向回缩、轴向伸长的现象。可以理解的是,在其它实施例中,所述夹合部B130的一端也可以转动连接于其它部件上,只要该部件靠近所述支撑部B110的第一端B111,使得夹合部B130设于支撑部B110的外侧并可相对于调节部B120展开或闭合以夹持住瓣叶即可。
值得注意的是,在闭合状态下,由于调节部B120的第二端B123固定连接支撑部B110,调节部B120的第一端B121活动套设在支撑部B110上,调节部B120的第二端B123及其附近的部分自扩展主体B125的轴向活动受限,自扩展主体B125在轴向上会朝向调节部B120的第一端B121伸长,同时自扩展主体B125受夹合部B130的挤压会在径向上回缩,伴随着调节部B120的第一端B121朝向瓣叶B1的瓣缘延伸,调节部B120的整体外形可与夹合部B130张开处的形状互补,并仍呈现出倒锥体形。调节部B120的第二端B123的附近的部分自扩展主体B125位于倒锥体形的锥底,即自扩展主体B125向调节部B120的第一端B121逐渐朝向调节部B120的中轴线收拢,调节部B120的第二端B123附近的部分自扩展主体B125与瓣叶B1之间能够紧密贴合而不存在径向间隙,相比于现有技术能够增加瓣叶B1与调节部B120的贴 合面积,提升瓣叶B1与调节部B120的弹性贴合性,使得瓣叶B1与调节部B120充分贴合。相应地,调节部B120的第二端B123及其附近的部分自扩展主体B125能够为瓣叶B1提供较大的径向支撑力,进而提高夹持力以牢靠地夹持住瓣叶B1,降低瓣叶B1从夹合部B130与调节部B120之间脱落的风险,提升瓣膜夹合装置B100的植入稳定性;同时,调节部B120的第二端B123附近的部分自扩展主体B125与瓣叶B1之间的紧密贴合能够封堵自夹合间隙反流的血液,优化反流治疗效果。另外,调节部B120可以根据夹合部B130夹紧程度的不同而自适应调节自身形状,能够保证在任一夹紧程度下均可以充分贴合瓣叶。
可以理解的是,在闭合状态下,调节部B120的第一端B121相较现有技术能够朝瓣缘延伸而更加接近瓣缘位置,进一步增加了瓣叶B1与调节部B120的贴合面积,进一步提升了瓣叶B1与调节部B120的弹性贴合性。
此外,由于调节部B120的第一端B121活动套设在支撑部B110上,调节部B120具有较强的轴向变形能力,当该瓣膜夹合装置B100被径向压缩到输送鞘中进行体内输送时,较易于被压缩入鞘。
具体的,请参阅图29及图34-图37,支撑部B110可以是两端面轴向贯通的圆管体、方柱管体或扁圆管体等。本实施例采用圆管体,如前所述,该圆管体的远端为第一端B111,近端为第二端B115。支撑部B110的第二端B115在闭合状态下和展开状态下均可被调节部B120的第二端B123的附近的部分自扩展主体B125包围并遮蔽,从而不会外露出调节部B120,防止该第二端B115与瓣叶直接接触,避免该第二端B115伴随着瓣叶的长期搏动而磨损瓣叶,提高了植入安全性。
支撑部B110还设有轴向通孔状的穿设通道B113,以与驱动部B140和输送装置B200联动配合。支撑部B110的圆管体的管壁上设有至少两个卡位B114,用于与输送装置B200进行可拆卸连接。例如,输送装置B200上设置卡台B221,卡台B221卡入卡 位B114后,输送装置B200与支撑部B110卡合连接,可进行瓣膜夹合装置B100的输送,当卡台B221脱离卡位B114后,输送装置B200与瓣膜夹合装置B100分离。应当知晓,此处的支撑部B110结构仅用作举例,并不是对本公开的限制,本领域的普通技术人员基于本公开的教导,采用的其他支撑部B110的结构,均在本公开的保护范围内。
请参阅图29-图33,调节部B120的自扩展主体B125为网状结构,优选为由具有形状记忆功能的丝材编织或者管材切割而成的网状结构,例如镍铁合金丝等超弹性材料。在同样的夹合部B130闭合程度下,调节部B120可适应不同瓣叶之间的间距而发生自适应变形,从而调节瓣膜夹合装置B100对瓣叶的牵拉程度。调节部B120具有中空容纳腔体(未标示),支撑部B110位于第二端B115与第一端B111之间的部分设于该中空容纳腔体内。
自扩展主体B125包括依次连接的第一区段B124、第二区段B126及第三区段B128。第一区段B124自调节部B120的第二端B123朝向支撑部B110的第二端B115延伸,且该第一区段B124相对第二区段B126形成一类似于碗状的凹陷区B122(如图31及图32a所示),第一区段B124围绕在支撑部B110的第二端B115的外侧,或者说支撑部B110的第二端B115位于所述凹陷区B122内,支撑部B110的第二端B115在瓣膜夹合装置B100的闭合状态下和展开状态下均可被自扩展主体B125的第一区段B124包围并遮蔽,从而不会外露出调节部B120。第二区段B126自第一区段B124继续径向向外延伸。第三区段B128自第二区段B126朝向支撑部B110的第一端B111同时径向向内延伸至调节部B12的第一端B121截止。该第一实施例中,凹陷区B122的末端(将第一区段B124靠近调节部B120的第二端B123的一端定义为凹陷区B122的末端)朝向支撑部B110的第一端B111延伸至调节部B120的第二端B123。
制作该调节部B120时,首先准备一两端开放的编织网管,将编织网管的一端套设在一衬棒上,然后将一成型套套设在该编织 网管的一端外,形成调节件B120的第二端B123;接着向外同时向下拉动编织网管的另一端,使得该编织网管外翻至成型模具上;然后进行热定型处理,形成如图32a至图32b所示的整体外形近似呈倒锥体形的调节部B120,且该编织网管的另一端于该编织网管的一端的下方形成调节件B120的具有开口的第一端B121,取下成型套及成型模具,即得到调节部B120。
调节部B120与支撑部B110组装时,将支撑部B110的第二端B115与第一端B111之间的部分穿设于调节部B120的中空容纳腔体内,调节部B120的第二端B123通过固定件B80与支撑部B110固定连接,固定件B80可以是钢套,调节部B120的第二端B123穿装于钢套与支撑部B110的外表面之间,再通过激光焊接钢套与支撑部B110实现调节部B120的第二端B123与支撑部B110的固定连接。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,也可以不设置固定件B80,而直接通过焊接方式将调节部B120的第二端B123固定连接至支撑部B110上。本实施例中,调节部B120的第二端B123朝向支撑部B110的第一端B111穿装入固定件B80,若以图30中调节部B120的第二端B123所在的方位为上、调节部B120的第一端B121所在的方位为下,即调节部B120的第二端B123从上向下穿装入固定件B80。调节部B120的第一端B121所具有的开口的直径可等于或略大于支撑部B110的直径,以活动套设在支撑部B110上,从而调节部B120的第一端B121能够沿支撑部B110的轴向顺畅滑动。另,由于调节部B120的第二端B123与支撑部B110固定相连,而调节部B120的第一端B121活动套设在支撑部B110上,整个瓣膜夹合装置B100的重心始终位于支撑部B110的轴向,因此自中心性较好,不易倾斜。
更为具体的,在瓣膜夹合装置B100自展开状态至闭合状态的变化过程中,自扩展主体B125的第二区段B126的径向尺寸(图30中以F标示)的范围优选为4mm-15mm,更优选5mm-10mm,调节部B120的第一端B121的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm,更优选1.2mm-3mm,以使得调节部B120整体呈现出的倒锥体形被压缩后 既能够适应不同瓣叶之间的间距,又能够与瓣叶有尽可能大的贴合面积。
结合图29、图30与图33,在瓣膜夹合装置B100的闭合状态下,即瓣叶B1被夹持在调节部B120与夹合部B130之间时,由于调节部B120的第二端B123固定连接支撑部B110,调节部B120的第一端B121活动套设在支撑部B110上,调节部B120的第二端B123、自扩展主体B125的第一区段B124及第二区段B126的轴向活动受限,调节部B120在轴向上会朝向其第一端B121伸长,同时自扩展主体B125受夹合部B130的挤压会在径向上回缩,但第一区段B124会抵抗第二区段B126的向内变形,第二区段B126又会将这种抵抗作用传递至与其相连的第三区段B128的相应部分上,伴随着调节部B120的第一端B121朝向瓣叶B1的瓣缘延伸,调节部B120的整体外形呈现出与夹合部B130张开处的形状互补的倒锥体形,第二区段B126位于倒锥体形的锥底,第三区段B128自第二区段B126向第一端B121逐渐朝向调节部B120的中轴线收拢,自扩展主体B125的第三区段B128的整段均能与瓣叶B1之间紧密贴合而不存在径向间隙,瓣叶B1与调节部B120的弹性贴合性得以提升,使得瓣叶B1与调节部B120能够充分贴合。相应地,调节部B120能够为瓣叶B1提供较大的径向支撑力,进而提高夹持力以牢靠地夹持住瓣叶B1。如图33所示,自扩展主体B125的第二区段B126不低于夹合部B130闭合时的自由端的端面,以使得夹合部B130与调节部B120之间所夹持的瓣叶B1的长度基本与夹合部B130等长。
可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,网状结构的调节部B120外部和/或内部可覆盖具有生物相容性的薄膜,一方面该薄膜可以作为阻流膜来封堵自夹合间隙反流的血液,提高反流治疗效果,并防止血液进入调节部B120中形成血栓,另一方面该薄膜可以使得瓣膜夹合装置B100具有更强的生物相容性。该薄膜的材质可以但不限于为PTFE、EPTFE、聚酯、硅树脂等具有生物相容性的聚合物。
当然,调节部B120并不仅限于为网状结构,还可以是其它具有弹性可自扩展的中空结构,例如,可以是致密结构的硅胶体或多孔结构的海绵体,致密结构或多孔结构的调节部的第二端固定套设于支撑部B110上,第一端轴向活动套设在支撑部B110上,同样可以在第二端与第一端之间设置相似的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段,也可以基于同样的作用原理来使得瓣叶与调节部充分贴合。
请参阅图29、及图33-图37,夹合部B130包括至少两个钳臂B131,一般可以包括至少一组钳臂B131,每一组钳臂B131包括相对于调节部B120对称设置的两个钳臂B131。本实施例中的夹合部B130包括一组钳臂B131,应当知晓,此处仅用作举例,本领域的普通技术人员可以根据需要选择合适的钳臂B131数量,例如两组或更多组钳臂。可以理解的是,还可以根据需要在每组中设置三个或更多个钳臂B131,例如,可以通过三个可相对开合的钳臂B131来同时夹合三尖瓣的三片瓣叶,从而治疗三尖瓣反流;或者通过一对钳臂B131来夹合三尖瓣的其中两片瓣叶,也可达到减轻或治疗三尖瓣反流的目的。
本实施例中,瓣膜夹合装置B100还包括驱动部B140,驱动部B140与夹合部B130连接,以驱动夹合部B130相对于调节部B120展开或闭合。具体地,驱动部B140分别与每个钳臂B131连接,例如驱动部B140分别与一组钳臂B131中的两个钳臂B131连接,以驱动每个钳臂B131围绕调节部B120转动,从而使得钳臂B131靠近或远离调节部B120。输送状态下,驱动部B140驱动钳臂B131围绕调节部B120闭合,从而减少瓣膜夹合装置B100的外径,利于输送;瓣膜夹合装置B100在心脏内展开后,驱动部B140驱动钳臂B131将瓣叶夹持在钳臂B131与调节部B120之间,实现瓣叶夹持。
在本实施例的一优选实施方式中,瓣膜夹合装置B100还包括抓持部,一般可以包括至少一组抓持臂B151,每一组抓持臂B151包括相对于调节部B120对称设置的两个抓持臂B151。抓持部(例 如抓持臂B151)设于夹合部B130(例如钳臂B131)与调节部B120之间并可相对调节部B120展开或闭合,抓持部至少部分容置于夹合部B130的内表面。当然,还可以根据需要在每组中设置三个或更多个抓持臂B151,从而与钳臂B131配合实现瓣叶捕捉功能。
输送状态下,抓持部至少部分容纳在夹合部B130的内表面中,即抓持臂B151至少部分容纳在钳臂B131的内表面中,从而减少了瓣膜夹合装置B100的外径,利于输送。在钳臂B131与抓持臂B151配合捕捉瓣叶后,抓持臂B151将瓣叶压入钳臂B131的内表面中,可以增加钳臂B131与瓣叶的接触面积、增加对瓣叶的夹持力。
瓣膜夹合装置B100还包括与支撑部B110固定连接的基座B160,每一钳臂B131均转动连接于基座B160上。具体地,基座B160的近端与支撑部B110的第一端B111固定连接,应当说明,此处为了阐述方便将此部分定义为术语“基座”,实现该基座B160功能的结构也可以是支撑部B110的第一端B111自身,因此定义术语“基座”不应形成对本公开范围的限制。每一组中的每个钳臂B131在基座B160上通过枢轴B132转动连接在一起,调节部B120的第一端B121与基座B160在轴向上间隔开,在驱动部B140的驱动下,每个钳臂B131彼此配合可以一起围绕调节部B120展开和闭合。
本实施例中,驱动部B140包括:驱动轴B141、连接座B142以及两个连杆B143。其中,每个连杆B143的一端与夹合部B130转动连接,另一端与连接座B142转动连接;驱动轴B141的一端与连接座B142固定连接,另一端活动地穿装在基座B160中。具体地,每一连杆B143的一端与一钳臂B131转动连接,另一端通过枢轴B144转动连接于连接座B142,即,每一钳臂B131通过相应一侧的连杆B143转动连接于驱动轴B141的连接座B142。驱动轴B141活动地穿过基座B160,当驱动轴B141相对于基座B160沿轴向滑动时,带动连杆B143转动并带动钳臂B131以其与基座B160的转动连接部位为中心展开或闭合。
具体的,驱动部B140包括至少一组连杆B143,连杆B143的设置与钳臂B131的设置一一对应,例如图34中采用两个钳臂B131,则相对应地设置两个配合工作的连杆B143。连杆B143的一端通过枢轴B144如销钉等方式转动连接于连接座B142上,另一端通过枢轴如销钉等方式转动连接于相应的钳臂B131,每个钳臂B131通过枢轴B132如销钉等方式转动连接在基座B160上。当驱动轴B141沿轴向相对于基座B160朝支撑部B110的第一端B111移动,带动连杆B143运动,在连杆B143的拉动下,钳臂B131围绕枢轴B132转动而相对于基座B160张开。当驱动轴B141沿轴向相对于基座B160朝支撑部B110的第二端B115移动,连杆B143推动钳臂B131围绕枢轴B132转动而相对于基座B160闭合。连接座B142的形状可为半球体、球冠或弹头形等任一结构,以使瓣膜夹合装置B100更容易在体内进行推送。驱动轴B141与连接座B142可以是一体结构,也可以是非一体结构。为保证植入后的安全性,驱动轴B141及连接座B142由聚酯、硅树脂、不锈钢、钴合金、钴铬合金或钛合金等生物相容性材料制成,优选为硬度较高的不锈钢或钴铬合金。
优选地,参见图34所示,瓣膜夹合装置B100还包括设于基座B160中的锁定部B170,锁定部B170限制驱动轴B141与基座B160的相对运动。在输送状态时,锁定部B170限制驱动轴B141与基座B160的相对运动,从而保证夹合部B130相对于调节部B120和支撑部B110始终保持闭合状态,避免夹合部B130的意外展开;在到达二尖瓣附近后,解锁锁定部B170对驱动轴B141的限制,即可通过驱动部B140驱动夹合部B130相对于调节部B120和支撑部B110展开并承托瓣叶;夹持瓣叶后,锁定部B170再次限制驱动轴B141与基座B160的相对运动,从而保持对瓣叶B1的夹紧状态。可采用现有的任意适合结构的锁定部,此处不再赘述。
结合图29与图33,进一步地,每一钳臂B131的末端(将钳臂B131远离其转动连接部位的一端或者说自由端定义为钳臂B131 的末端)还设有翻边段B137,从图33的主视视角看,翻边段B137呈朝向钳臂B131的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,该弧面的半径优选1mm-2mm。当钳臂B131相对调节部B120闭合以在二者之间夹持瓣叶B1时,瓣叶B1与弧面的翻边段B137形成贴合,增大钳臂B131末端对瓣叶B1的承托面积,能够避免瓣叶B1在钳臂B131末端局部受力集中,有效减轻钳臂B131末端边缘随着心脏跳动与瓣叶B1之间反复摩擦对瓣叶的损伤。钳臂B131贴靠至调节部B120后,调节部B120的自扩展主体B125在轴向上突出于翻边段B137,或者说自扩展主体B125的第二区段B126高于翻边段B137,以保证钳臂B131与自扩展主体B125的第三区段B128之间所夹持的瓣叶B1的长度不小于钳臂B131的长度。
参阅图37-图41,本公开还提供一种瓣膜夹合***,包括上述瓣膜夹合装置B100、以及输送装置B200,其中,输送装置B200包括:具有一定轴向长度的推送鞘管B210及活动地穿装在推送鞘管B210中的芯轴(图中未示出),推送鞘管B210与支撑部B110之间可拆卸连接,芯轴与驱动部B140可拆卸连接,用于驱动夹合部B130的展开和闭合。本实施例中,驱动轴B141的近端设置外螺纹,芯轴与驱动轴B141之间通过螺纹连接,从而可在患者体外通过芯轴来控制驱动轴B141的轴向运动。应当知晓,此处列出的仅是输送装置的部分结构,其他部分可采用现有的任一适合的结构,此处不再赘述。
具体地,支撑部B110的近端外壁对称开设有连通于支撑部B110的管腔的至少一卡位B114,推送鞘管B210远端设有一连接件B220,连接件B220包括两个分支,每个分支的末端为凸起的卡台B221。在自然状态,两个分支均指向连接件B220的中心轴处。组装时,将连接件B220***支撑部B110中,再将输送装置B200的芯轴***推送鞘管B210中,直至芯轴***连接件B220中,将连接件B220的两个分支向外顶起,分支末端的卡台B221卡入支撑部B110的两个卡位B114中,从而将支撑部B110与连接件B220连接,即,将瓣膜夹合装置B100和输送装置B200相连。当 将芯轴自连接件B220及推送鞘管B210中撤出,两个分支恢复向内的自然状态,卡台B221从支撑部B110的卡位B114中脱离,使得瓣膜夹合装置B100与输送装置B200之间解除连接。连接件B220可由镍钛等具有一定硬度及弹性的材料制成。推送鞘管B210可采用多层复合管体。芯轴可为不锈钢材料或镍钛合金材料制成。
结合图35与图37,支撑部B110的内部设有通孔作为驱动轴B141的穿设通道B113,驱动轴B141沿轴向滑动地穿设于支撑部B110的穿设通道B113内并与连接座B142固定连接。在夹合部B130和抓持部B150配合并捕捉到瓣叶后,通过芯轴带动驱动轴B141沿轴向移动,以带动钳臂B131相对于支撑部B110完全闭合,使瓣膜夹合装置B100处于闭合状态,坠于瓣膜下方。之后可以解脱芯轴与驱动轴B141之间的连接,芯轴自连接件B220之间后撤,卡台B221自支撑部B110的卡位B114中分离,从而实现瓣膜夹合装置B100和输送装置B200的解脱。
参阅图38-图42,以下以经导管途径经房间隔-左心房顺行接近并修复二尖瓣为例,阐述本公开的瓣膜夹合装置B100的使用过程:
第一步:如图38所示,通过可调弯鞘管等导引装置(图未示出)将驱动轴B141及与其相连的瓣膜夹合装置B100从左心房B2推进,经过二尖瓣B1到达左心室B3;
第二步:调整瓣膜夹合装置B100接近二尖瓣B1的前叶B1a和后叶B1b;
第三步:如图39所示,解锁基座B160中的锁定部B170,向远端推动芯轴及驱动轴B141,驱动钳臂B131相对于支撑部B110张开,调整钳臂B131方向,此时可通过X射线设备观察钳臂B131与二尖瓣B1的前叶B1a和后叶B1b的相对位置,使得钳臂B131垂直于二尖瓣B1的对合线;
第四步:如图40所示,向近端回撤整个瓣膜夹合装置B100,使钳臂B131在左心室B3侧托住瓣叶B1,释放两侧的抓持臂B151,每侧的抓持臂B151在心房侧压住瓣叶B1并与该侧的钳臂B131 配合捕捉住瓣叶B1;
第五步:如图41所示,当二尖瓣B1的前叶B1a和后叶B1b分别被捕捉在一对钳臂B131和抓持臂B151之间,向近端拉动芯轴及驱动轴B141,从而驱动钳臂B131闭合;
第六步:解脱芯轴与驱动轴B141之间的螺纹连接,并后撤芯轴,连接件B220的两个分支恢复向中心轴靠拢的状态,卡台B221自支撑部B110的卡位B114中分离,瓣膜夹合装置B100与输送装置B200之间的连接解除,之后将输送装置B200撤出体外,得到如图42所示的植入状态,此时瓣膜夹合装置B100将二尖瓣B1的前叶B1a和后叶B1b拉向彼此,得到双孔化的二尖瓣,完成二尖瓣的缘对缘修复。
瓣膜夹合装置B100植入后,具有弹性的调节部B120填充于被夹持的二尖瓣B1的前叶B1a和后叶B1b之间,且为瓣叶B1提供径向支撑力,调节部B120对于搏动的瓣叶B1具有缓冲作用,从而实现瓣膜夹合装置B100对瓣叶B1的牵拉程度可调节,以避免损伤瓣叶B1。
实施例二
请参阅图43至图45,本公开第二实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B100’与上述第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B100相比较,支撑部B110、夹合部B130、驱动部B140、抓持部B151等的结构保持不变,此处不再赘述,但调节部B120’的结构发生了变化。
具体的,在该第二实施例中,调节部B120’相比第一实施例中的调节部B120对自扩展主体增设了弯折区段B129,弯折区段B129连接于调节部B120’的第二端B123与自扩展主体的第一区段B124之间,优选的,弯折区段B129的截面形状呈朝向调节部B120’的第一端B121凹陷的弧形。第一区段B124与弯折区段B129相对第二区段B126仍形成一凹陷区B122’,凹陷区B122’的末端(将弯折区段B129靠近调节部B120’的第二端B123的一端定义为凹陷区B122’的末端)朝向支撑部B110的第二端B115延伸至调节部B120’的第二端B123。
制作该调节部B120’时,首先准备一两端开放的编织网管,将编织网管套设在一衬棒上,然后将一成型套套设在该编织网管的上端外,形成调节件B120’的第二端B123;接着向上(以图44中调节部B120’的第二端B123所在的方位为上、第一端B121所在的方位为下,)推动编织网管的下端,并借助成型模具对该编织网管进行热定型处理,形成如图44与图45所示的整体外形仍近似呈倒锥体形的调节部B120’,且该编织网管的下端于该编织网管的上端的下方形成调节件B120’的具有开口的第一端B121,取下成型套及成型模具,即得到调节部B120’。
调节部B120’与支撑部B110组装时,将支撑部B110的第二端B115与第一端B111之间的部分穿设于调节部B120的中空容纳腔体内,调节部B120’的第二端B123通过固定件B80与支撑部B110固定连接,固定件B80可以是钢套,调节部B120的第二端B123穿装于钢套与支撑部B110的外表面之间,再通过激光焊接钢套与支撑部B110实现调节部B120’的第二端B123与支撑部B110的固定连接。本实施例中,调节部B120’的第二端B123朝向支撑部B110的第二端B115穿装入固定件B80,即调节部B120’的第二端B123从下向上穿装入固定件B80。
在瓣膜夹合装置B100’的闭合状态下,弯折区段B129抵抗第一区段B124的向内变形,这种抵抗作用叠加传递至与第二区段B126相连的第三区段B128的相应部分上,进一步提升瓣叶与调节部B120的弹性贴合性,使得瓣叶与调节部B120能够充分贴合。相应地,调节部B120能够为瓣叶提供更大的径向支撑力,进而进一步提高夹持力以牢靠地夹持住瓣叶。
实施例三
如图46所示,本公开第三实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置与上述第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置相比较,支撑部、夹合部、驱动部、抓持部等的结构保持不变,此处不再赘述,但调节部的自扩展主体B125’的结构发生了变化。
该实施例三中的自扩展主体B125’除了包括第一区段B124、 第二区段B126与第三区段B128之外,还包括适配段B127。适配段B127连接于第二区段B126与第三区段B128之间,且相较于第三区段B128径向向外延伸(以朝向支撑部B110的中轴线为径向向内,以背离支撑部B110的中轴线为径向向外)。该适配段B127对应钳臂末端的翻边段B137设置,其朝向翻边段B137的一侧的形状与翻边段B137所呈现的弧面互补。
当钳臂相对调节部B120闭合以在二者之间夹持瓣叶时,适配段B127在轴向上突出于翻边段B137,或者说适配段B127高于翻边段B137,适配段B127与翻边段B137之间也夹持部分瓣叶,一方面瓣叶与翻边段B137的弧面形成贴合,增大钳臂末端对瓣叶的承托面积,能够避免瓣叶在钳臂末端局部受力集中,有效减轻钳臂末端边缘随着心脏跳动与瓣叶之间反复摩擦对瓣叶的损伤;另一方面,瓣叶亦与弧形的适配段B127形成贴合,进一步增加瓣叶与调节部的贴合面积,提升瓣叶与调节部的弹性贴合性,使得瓣叶与调节部贴合地更为充分,相应地,调节部能够为瓣叶提供更充足的径向支撑力,进而进一步提高夹持力以牢靠地夹持住瓣叶。
实施例四
请参阅图47至图49,本公开第四实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B400与上述第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B100相比较,调节部B120的结构保持不变,此处不再赘述,但支撑部B410、夹合部B430、驱动部B440的结构有所变化。
具体的,在该第四实施例中,夹合部B430包括至少两个钳臂,一般可以包括至少一组钳臂,每一组钳臂包括相对于调节部B120对称设置的两个钳臂,本实施例中的夹合部40包括一组钳臂。每一钳臂上设有至少一个锚定件B431,当钳臂相对于调节部B120闭合时,锚定件B431能够抵顶瓣叶使其嵌置于网状结构的调节部B120的网格中,以在调节部B120与钳臂夹持瓣叶的基础上,通过锚定件B431保持瓣叶组织。
驱动部B440包括驱动轴B410、自动闭合单元B445以及至少两个连杆B443。其中,每个所述连杆B443的一端与相应的一钳 臂转动连接,另一端通过销轴直接与驱动轴B441转动连接;驱动轴B441活动穿装于支撑部B410中;自动闭合单元B445连接两钳臂,用于使得夹合部B430在自然状态下贴靠调节部B120。
基座B416与支撑部B410的第一端B411为一体结构,两钳臂转动连接于基座B416。支撑部B410上开设有供销轴穿过的轴向槽B419。当驱动轴B441带动销轴在轴向槽B419内向支撑部B410的第一端B411移动时,带动连杆B443克服自动闭合单元B445的阻挠而使得两钳臂相对打开。
本实施例中,所述自动闭合单元B445为U形弹片,U形弹片的两端分别连接一钳臂,当驱动轴B441不对销轴施加推力时,U形弹片利用自身复位带动两钳臂趋向闭合而贴靠调节部B120。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,自动闭合单元B445还可以为V形弹片或扭簧等弹性件。
实施例五
请参阅图50,本公开第五实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B400’与上述第四实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B400相比较,将第四实施例中的调节部B120替换为第二实施例中的调节部B120’,其他结构保持不变,此处不再赘述。
实施例六
请参阅图51与图52,本公开第六实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B500与上述第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B100相比较,调节部B120的结构保持不变,此处不再赘述,但夹合部B530、驱动部B540等的结构有所变化。
该实施例中,基座B516与支撑部B510的第一端B511为一体结构,夹合部B530的钳臂的一端连接于基座B516。驱动部B540包括驱动轴B541以及至少两个弹性驱动臂B545,弹性驱动臂B545的一端固定连接驱动轴B541的一端,弹性驱动臂B545的另一端连接钳臂的另一端,驱动轴B545的另一端活动穿装于支撑部B510中;弹性驱动臂B545用于使得夹合部B530在自然状态下贴靠调节部B120;抓持臂B551的一端连接于夹合部B530的钳臂上, 且在瓣膜夹合装置B500的展开状态下,抓持臂B551受输送装置内拉线(图未示)的控制而相对钳臂张开,以允许瓣叶进入抓持臂B551与钳臂之间。
本实施例中,两钳臂及两弹性驱动臂B545为一体结构,即两钳臂自身也是具有弹性的。当驱动轴B541朝向支撑部B510的第一端B511移动时,克服两弹性驱动臂B545的阻挠而使得两钳臂相对打开;当驱动轴B541不对弹性驱动臂B545施加推力时,两弹性驱动臂B545利用自身复位而带动两钳臂趋向闭合而贴靠调节部B120。值得注意的是,当驱动轴B541朝向支撑部B510的第一端B511持续推动时,可使得钳臂与驱动臂B545的连接处逐渐朝向驱动轴B541靠近,直至钳臂与驱动臂B545基本处于一条直线上,再利用拉线控制抓持臂B551贴合调节部B120,此种状态下,更易于将扁平化的整个瓣膜夹合装置B500收入鞘管内。
此外,该实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B500能够实现对瓣叶夹合状态的动态平衡:当瓣叶对该瓣膜夹合装置B500施加较大的牵拉力时,具有弹性的驱动臂B545及钳臂能够在一定范围内调节夹合角度又不会与瓣叶脱离,防止瓣叶受到过大的牵拉力而损伤。
实施例七
请参阅图53,本公开第七实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B500’与上述第六实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B500相比较,将第六实施例中的调节部B120替换为第二实施例中的调节部B120’,其他结构保持不变,此处不再赘述。
实施例八
请参阅图54与图55,本公开第八实施例提供的瓣膜夹合装置B600与上述第一实施例的瓣膜夹合装置B100相比较,仅支撑部B610的结构发生变化,其它结构保持不变,此处不再赘述。
该实施例中,支撑部B610与输送装置B200’的连接部位不再像第一实施例那样设置于第二端,而是在支撑部B610第一端的基座B660上设置连接部B670,该连接部B670与输送装置B200’的推送鞘管可拆卸连接。具体的,该连接部B670与输送装置B200’ 的推送鞘管上分别设置形状互补的拼接结构,推送鞘管外活动套设一外鞘管B70,当外鞘管B70包绕所述形状互补的拼接结构时,支撑部B610与输送装置B200’保持连接,当外鞘管B70后撤并暴露出所述形状互补的拼接结构时,支撑部B610与输送装置B200’可解除连接。
如图55所示,该实施例的输送装置B200’可通过经心尖的方式将该瓣膜夹合装置B600推送至心脏内对二尖瓣实施缘对缘修复。需要注意的是,在两钳臂完成闭合之前,外鞘管B70应保持包绕所述形状互补的拼接结构;在两钳臂完成闭合之后,先解脱芯轴与驱动轴之间的螺纹连接,并后撤芯轴,然后后撤外鞘管B70使得所述拼接结构暴露,便可解除瓣膜夹合装置B600与输送装置B200’之间的连接。
可以理解的是,本公开提供的瓣膜夹合***包括上述的任一瓣膜夹合装置以及能够将该瓣膜夹合装置从体外输送至二尖瓣附近并夹合瓣叶的输送装置。
可以理解的是,本公开提供的瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***也可以对三尖瓣实施缘对缘修复,只要选择相应的介入路径(如股静脉-下腔静脉-右心房-右心室)以及根据需要修复的瓣叶数量植入适合数量的瓣膜夹合装置即可(如植入三个瓣膜夹合装置分别夹持三尖瓣的前叶与后叶、后叶与隔叶、隔叶与前叶)。
第三实施方案
实施例一
请参阅图56至图58,本公开实施例一提供的一种自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100,可用于二尖瓣或三尖瓣缘对缘修复,以治疗二尖瓣反流或三尖瓣反流。为保证自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100植入后的安全性,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100整体由生物相容性材料制成。下文以自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100用于二尖瓣缘对缘修复为例进行详细说明。操作者利用输送装置C200将自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100推送至患者的二尖瓣处,然后远距离操作自适应瓣膜夹合装置 C100,将二尖瓣的前叶和后叶夹持在一起。当二尖瓣的瓣叶被缘对缘地对合在一起,操作者即可解脱输送装置C200与自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100之间的连接,从而将自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100植入在患者体内,将二尖瓣的前叶和后叶固定在一起,实现二尖瓣的“缘对缘修复”。
请结合图59,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100包括支撑部C110、中空的调节部C120及夹合部C130。支撑部C110包括第一座体C112及与第一座体C112连接的第二座体C114。第一座体C112设于调节部C120内。调节部C120包括相对的第一端C122和第二端C124、以及位于第一端C122和第二端C124之间的自扩展主体C121。调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设于第二座体C114外侧并可相对第二座体C114轴向移动,调节部C120的第二端C124悬空。第一座体C112相较于第二座体C114靠近调节部C120的第二端C124。夹合部C130包括至少两个钳臂C132,每一钳臂C132转动连接于支撑部C110。钳臂C132转动连接的部位靠近调节部C120的第一端C122,钳臂C132绕支撑部C110转动从而靠近或远离调节部C120。
上述实施例的自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100中,调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设在支撑部C110的第二座体C114外侧,调节部C120的第二端C124悬空且相对更靠近第一座体C112,调节部C120可相对于支撑部C110轴向移动,在夹合部C130的钳臂C132靠近调节部C120闭合夹持瓣叶时,调节部C120整体沿着轴向向第一座体C112移动,能够增大钳臂C132转动连接的部位靠近调节部C120处的空间S,避免瓣叶过多堆积于该处空间S。在夹合部C130闭合的过程中,该处调节部C120能更好地适应瓣叶的变形,从而可以调节夹合部C130对瓣叶的整体牵拉,使得瓣叶的轴向受力更加均衡,有利于夹合部C130在抓取到瓣叶后更好地闭合,避免对该处的瓣叶造成损伤。
可以理解,夹合部C130的钳臂C132转动连接于支撑部C110,调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设支撑部C110的第二座体 C114外侧,即夹合部C130设于调节部C120的外侧。夹合部C130的钳臂C132绕支撑部C110转动靠近调节部C120,即夹合部C130相对调节部C120闭合;夹合部C130的钳臂C132绕支撑部C110转动远离调节部C120,即夹合部C130相对调节部C120张开。
调节部C120的第二端C124悬空且更靠近支撑部C110的第一座体C112,第一座体C112设于调节部C120内,则调节部C120的第二端C124与支撑部C110的第一座体C112之间存在间距,可以避免调节部C120的第二端C124与支撑部C110的第一座体C112发生干涉或缠绕,确保器械的植入安全。调节部C120的自扩展主体C121可沿径向和轴向变形,因此调节部C120包括自然状态和压缩状态。自扩展主体C121可由形状记忆材料制成。当夹合部C130相对调节部C120张开时,夹合部C130与调节部C120无接触,调节部C120呈自然状态;当夹合部C130相对调节部C120闭合时,调节部C120被径向压缩并向支撑部C110的第一座体C112轴向延伸,呈压缩状态。在夹合部C130相对于调节部C120闭合的过程中,调节部C120逐渐被径向压缩向支撑部C110的第一座体C112轴向延伸,调节部C120的第二端C124与支撑部C110的第一座体C112的间距逐渐增大。由于调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设在支撑部C110的第二座体C114外侧,调节部C120的第一端C122也会向支撑部C110的第一座体C112移动,从而增大钳臂C132转动连接的部位靠近调节部C120的第一端C122处的空间S,避免瓣叶过多堆积于该处空间S,保证夹合部C130在不损伤瓣叶的情况下正常闭合。
同时,由于调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设在支撑部C110的第二座体C114外侧,调节部C120的第二端C124悬空,调节部C120不再受支撑部C110的限制,提高了调节部C120的轴向变形能力,同时增强了其沿轴向的弯曲变形能力。因此当自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100被径向压缩到输送鞘中进行体内输送时,不仅易于被压缩入鞘,而且在血管中输送时,可以适应不同弯曲曲度的血管,从而利于输送鞘在血管中通过,由此减少了对血管 壁的损伤。调节部C120的第一端C122活动套设在支撑部C110的第二座体C114外侧,调节部C120的第二端C124悬空,使得调节部C120的重心始终位于支撑部C110的轴向(即调节部C120的轴心线),因此调节部C120的自中心性较好,不易倾斜。
另外,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100植入后,通过夹合部C130夹合瓣叶与调节部C120的过程中,因调节部C120的轴向形变不受限,可以提高瓣叶与调节部C120的弹性贴合性,继而提高了不同患者的瓣叶生理结构的适应性。
请结合图70-图74,本实施例的自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100,支撑部C110与输送装置C200可拆卸连接(如螺纹连接、卡扣连接等),输送装置C200经导管将自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100推送至心脏内,则调节部C120的第二端C124为其近端,调节部C120的第一端C122为其远端;支撑部C110的第一座体C112靠近自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的近端,第二座体C114靠近自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的远端。可以理解的是,在其他实施例中,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100可经心尖介入心脏,调节部C120的第二端C124为其远端,调节部C120的第一端C122为其近端;支撑部C110的第一座体C112靠近自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的远端,第二座体C114靠近自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的近端。
自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100输送时处于闭合状态,在送至患者体内二尖瓣处可释放张开以夹持瓣叶。支撑部C110的第一座体C112无论是在输送状态下,还是在释放张开状态下,均位于中空的调节部C120内,始终不会外露于输送装置C200中或外露于心脏中,从而避免了血液的冲刷,尽量减少了植入后血栓的形成。且,在自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100植入后,还避免了支撑部C110与瓣叶直接接触,伴随着瓣叶的长期搏动,避免支撑部C110磨损瓣叶甚至导致瓣叶穿孔,提高安全性。
请参阅图59与图60,调节部C120的第一端C122设有第一封头C126,第一封头C126活动套设于第二座体C114外侧。第一封头C126的内腔表面与第二座体C114的外表面之间间隙配合。 如此,将调节部C120的第一端C122通过第一封头C126收拢,第一封头C126可在支撑部C110的第二座体C114上移动,从而使得调节部C120可相对于支撑部C110移动。
具体地,第一封头C126为双层结构,包括同轴嵌套的两个管体。其中,两个管体之间的夹层空腔一端封闭,另一端开放用于收拢调节部C120的第一端C122。径向尺寸较小的管体两端均开放,其内腔即为第一封头C126的内腔。第一封头C126可为金属钢套。
为了保证调节部C120可活动地套设于支撑部C110的第二座体C114上,第一封头C126的内腔表面与第二座体C114的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.01-3毫米,优选0.05-3毫米。较为优选地,第一封头C126的内腔表面与第二座体C114的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-1毫米,以避免配合间隙过大导致第一封头C126及调节部C120在支撑部C110外部晃动。更为优选地,第一封头C126的内腔表面与第二座体C114的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-0.2毫米,如此,既可避免配合间隙过大导致第一封头C126在第二座体C114上自由滑动及旋转,同时通过向第一封头C126和/或第二座体C114施加适当的力,仍可以使第一封头C126相对第二座体C114轴向移动。
进一步地,第一封头C126的内腔表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米,和/或第二座体C114的外表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米。可以理解,将第一封头C126的内腔表面和/或第二座体C114的外表面设置为粗糙的,使第一封头C126与第二座体C114的接触面不光滑,可以进一步保证限制第一封头C126在第二座体C114上自由滑动及旋转的效果。合理设置表面粗糙度范围,通过向第一封头C126和/或第二座体C114施加适当的力,仍可以使第一封头C126相对第二座体C114轴向移动。
调节部C120的第二端C124具有开口C128,便于输送装置C200穿入调节部C120中与支撑部C110连接,同时第二端C124没有封头等部件暴露在外,可避免产生血栓及磨损瓣叶。开口C128 的尺寸小于或者等于支撑部C110的第一座体C112的尺寸,保证支撑部C110的第一座体C112在自然状态和压缩状态均不会伸出调节部C120。
调节部C120的自扩展主体C121具有中空容纳腔体,支撑部C110的第一座体C112设于中空容纳腔体内。在一个实施方式中,自扩展主体C121为网状结构,网状结构由形状记忆材料经编织或切割而成,可以选择金属材料、聚合物材料或者金属-聚合物复合材料,优选由具有一定弹性的不锈钢、钴铬合金或者镍钛等形状记忆金属材料制成。例如可选用超弹性的镍钛合金材料进行编织或切割,经过热定型处理后,形成自然状态。具体地,网状结构的所有网丝在第一端C122固定收拢于第一封头C126的夹层空腔中,网状结构的所有网丝在第二端C124边缘的绕折部分围合形成开口C128,绕折的形状可以根据需要设置,例如一次绕折,或多次缠绕形成至少一个环形后绕回等等。进一步地,请参阅图60,调节部C120还包括设于第二端C124边缘的环状结构C123,以稳定开口C128的形貌,网状结构位于第二端C124的所有网丝与环状结构C123缠绕连接。环状结构C123由柔性或弹性材料制成,其丝径大于编织网状结构的网丝的丝径,从而为网状结构的开口C128提供一定支撑力,但是不影响网状结构的轴向变形能力及弯曲能力。镍钛合金的表面可通过喷涂、浸涂等方式施加聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene,PTFE)涂层,以具备优越的耐腐蚀性、耐化学性和耐磨损性,因此可起到表面防护、防腐和延长零部件使用寿命的性能,同时,由于PTFE具有良好的摩擦系数,可以有效的减少自扩展主体C121对瓣叶的损伤。
当然,调节部C120的自扩展主体C121可以是其它具有弹性的中空结构,例如,自扩展主体C121可以是致密结构或多孔结构,致密结构为硅胶体,多孔结构为海绵体。致密结构或多孔结构的第二端C124边缘形成开口C128,第一端C122设有第一封头C126。
对于致密结构的自扩展主体C121,由于自扩展主体C121填充在二尖瓣的前叶和后叶之间,可以完全阻碍血流对自适应瓣膜 夹合装置C100内部的冲刷,且避免微调过程中,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100受到高速流动的血液冲刷而脱落,以及植入后夹合部C130受到血液连续冲击脱落,并且避免血液在自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的夹合部C130之间的死角处淤积形成血栓。对于网状结构的自扩展主体C121,其具有更佳的弹性变形能力,可以更好地适应二尖瓣的解剖结构,避免过度牵拉瓣叶造成的瓣叶损伤。
进一步地,网状结构的自扩展主体C121的至少部分外表面施加覆膜(图未示),覆膜可为编织的网状结构,具有多个网孔。具有覆膜的自扩展主体C121不仅可以进一步提高对血流的封堵效果,减少中心反流,并且可以增加生物相容性,避免瓣膜组织过敏、炎症反应,提高产品安全性,而且能够在瓣叶的心房侧形成人工屏障,阻挡血液在自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的内部死角处的反复冲刷形成的血栓流出。覆膜材料可以由聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(polyethyleneglycol terephthalate,PET)、聚丙烯(Polypropylene,PP)、聚四氟乙烯、聚氨酯(Polyurethane)等高分子材料制成。优选地,覆膜材料由PET制成。
为避免自扩展主体C121影响夹合部C130与支撑部C110之间的相对开合而影响对瓣叶的夹持效果,自扩展主体C121靠近第一端C122的部分的直径应小于自扩展主体C121其它部分的直径。例如,在图60的示例中,自扩展主体C121的中部为柱状,两头为锥体,且两头的锥体的锥角相同。可以理解的是,自扩展主体C121也可以为其它的任何形状,只要靠近第一端C122的部分的直径不影响夹持效果即可。例如,图61所示的两端锥角相同的纺锤形结构,或者图62所示的两端的锥角不同的结构。
请参阅图63和图64,自扩展主体C121可包括多个第一曲面C1212和多个第二曲面C1214,第一曲面C1212与第二曲面C1214彼此相邻,并圆滑连接在一起,即第一曲面C1212只与第二曲面C1214相邻,第二曲面C1214也只与第一曲面C1212相邻,且多个第一曲面C1212和多个第二曲面C1214的一端彼此相连并形成开口C128。第一曲面C1212面向夹合部C130,第二曲面C1214 的面积小于第一曲面C1212的面积。随着自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的闭合,第一曲面C1212受到夹合部C130与瓣叶的挤压,调节部C120沿着轴向的方向延展,逐渐贴合于瓣叶保证与瓣叶贴合的接触面积,从而更好地适应瓣叶的形状。通过增加第一曲面C1212与瓣叶之间的接触面积,减少了自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与瓣叶之间的间隙,从而可以减缓血流并阻碍血流对自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的冲刷。优选地,第一曲面C1212的曲度还可以大于第二曲面C1214的曲度,使得自扩展主体C121呈现扁平的椭球状,避免影响夹合部C130的闭合,并更加适应瓣叶的解剖结构。
在其它实施方式中,调节部C120的第一端C122设有第一封头C126,调节部C120的第二端C124设有第二封头。第一封头C126的内腔表面与第二座体C114的外表面之间间隙配合。如此,调节部C120的第一端C122和第二端C124均通过封头收拢。在该实施方式中,第二封头的具体结构与第一封头C126的具体结构相同,均为前述的双层结构,在此不再赘述。
请参阅图65,支撑部C110还包括连接第二座体C114的第三座体C116。第一封头C126的内径小于第一座体C112的外径,第一封头C126的内径小于第三座体C116的外径。如此,调节部C120第一端C122的第一封头C126被第一座体C112和第三座体C116限制活动行程,调节部C120可在第二座体C114上轴向移动,且不会从第二座体C114上脱落。由于调节部C120具有一定重量,因此在重力的作用下,调节部C120的初始位置位于第二座体C114远端,靠近第三座体C116近端。
具体地,第一封头C126的内径比第一座体C112的外径应至少小0.01毫米,优选0.05-3毫米。第一封头C126的内径比第三座体C116的外径应至少小0.01毫米,优选0.05-3毫米。第一封头C126和第二座体C114均可为圆管结构,便于第一封头C126在第二座体C114上轴向移动。第一座体C112和第二座体C114可以一体成型也可以单独成型后焊接固定。第三座体C116和第二座体C114可以通过焊接、粘结、螺纹连接、压接、螺栓锁紧等常 见的可拆卸或不可拆卸连接方式固定在一起,本实施例采用焊接连接。具体地,可将支撑部C110的第二座体C114远端从调节部C120的第二端C124穿入,从调节部C120的第一端C122穿出,再通过焊接连接的方式将第三座体C116远端与第二座体C114近端连接成一体。
在其它实施方式中,支撑部C110还包括连接第二座体C114的第三座体C116。第二座体C114与第一座体C112连接的端部设有限位件(图未示)。第一封头C126的内径小于限位件的外径,第一封头C126的内径小于第三座体C116的外径。如此,调节部C120第一端C122的第一封头C126被限位件和第三座体C116限制活动行程,调节部C120可在第二座体C114上轴向移动,且不会从第二座体C114上脱落。
请参阅图65-图69,支撑部C110沿轴向开设有穿设通道C111,以与驱动部C140和输送装置C200联动配合。第一座体C112和第二座体C114均为两端面轴向贯通的圆管体。第一座体C112的管壁上设有至少两个卡位C1122,用于与输送装置C200的卡台C222进行可拆卸连接。输送装置C200的卡台C222(参阅图69)卡入卡位C1122后,输送装置C200与支撑部C110卡合连接,可进行自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的输送,当卡台C222脱离卡位C1122后,输送装置C200与自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100分离,并于体内释放。
第三座体C116的远端为方块结构,近端为梯台结构。第三座体C116远端沿径向开设有贯通第三座体C116相对的两侧面的一容置腔C1162。第二座体C114的近端和远端开设有轴向贯通容置腔C1162的通孔。第二座体C114近端的梯台结构相对的两个平面分别凸设有一连接块C1164,连接块C1164开设有连接孔,以与夹合部C130转动连接。第一座体C112的管腔、第二座体C114的管腔、第三座体C116的通孔、容置腔C1162连通而构成穿设通道C111。应当知晓,此处的支撑部C110结构仅用作举例,并不是对本公开的限制,本领域的普通技术人员基于本公开的教导, 采用的其它支撑部C110的结构,均在本公开的保护范围内。
请参阅图56和图57,夹合部C130转动连接于支撑部C110的第三座体C116上。夹合部C130包括至少两个钳臂C132,即至少两个钳臂C132转动连接于支撑部C110的第三座体C116上,至少两个钳臂C132相对于调节部C120周向对称设置。进一步地,自适应瓣膜夹合装置还包括驱动部C140,驱动部C140分别与每个钳臂C132连接,以驱动每个钳臂C132绕支撑部C110转动,从而驱动每个钳臂C132靠近调节部C120而闭合或远离调节部C120而张开。每个钳臂C132可以在第三座体C116上通过连接轴C134转动连接在一起,连接轴C134穿过每个钳臂C132及第三座体C116上的连接孔,从而将钳臂C132转动连接在第三座体C116上,进而在驱动部C140的驱动下,每个钳臂C132彼此配合相对支撑部C110转动而张开或闭合。在钳臂C132闭合时,调节部C120的第二端C124略低于钳臂C132的自由端(即近端)的端面;这样,调节部C120不会外露于钳臂C132闭合后的近端面,保证钳臂C132外翻的末端抵接瓣叶以增加瓣叶接触面积、顺应瓣叶的角度和方向,并避免过多的调节部C120外露在左心房导致血栓风险。
在图示的示例中,夹合部C130包括两个相对于调节部C120周向对称设置的钳臂C132,用于夹合二尖瓣的两个瓣叶。在其它实施方式中,夹合部C130可包括三个围绕调节部C120周向设置的钳臂C132,用于夹合三尖瓣的三个瓣叶。应当知晓,此处仅用作举例,本领域的普通技术人员可以根据需要选择合适的钳臂C132数量,例如两个、三个或更多个钳臂C132。输送状态下,驱动部C140驱动钳臂C132围绕调节部C120闭合,从而减少自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的外径,利于输送;自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100在体内张开后,驱动部C140驱动钳臂C132将瓣叶夹持在钳臂C132与调节部C120之间,实现瓣叶夹持。
进一步地,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100还包括抓持部C150,抓持部C150设于钳臂C132及调节部C120之间并可靠近或远离钳臂C132,抓持部C150在自然状态下至少部分容置于钳臂C132 的内表面(如图56所示)。可以理解,在一些实施例中,抓持部C150具有形状记忆功能,从而可在自然状态下靠近钳臂C132;在其它实施例中,抓持部C150可以由不具有形状记忆功能的材料制成,并通过推杆等方式驱动抓持部C150靠近钳臂C132。抓持部C150包括至少两个抓持臂C152,一般情况下,抓持臂C152的数量与钳臂C132的数量一致,且与钳臂C132的设置方式相同,这样抓持臂C152与钳臂C132配合实现夹合功能。
优选地,抓持臂C152由镍钛合金等形状记忆材料制成,且抓持臂C152的自由端开设有用于连接输送装置C200的调节线(图未示)的调节线孔,抓持臂C152的自由端可以通过延伸至患者体外的调节线进行控制。在输送状态下,抓持臂C152的自由端被调节线拉紧并贴合于调节部C120;当钳臂C132在体内张开夹持瓣叶时,放开调节线对自由端的控制释放抓持臂C152,抓持臂C152由于自身的形状记忆功能而恢复自然状态,并将瓣叶压向钳臂C132。
抓持部C150在自然状态下至少部分容置于夹合部C130的内表面,即抓持臂C152至少部分容置于钳臂C132的内表面,这样自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100闭合后可缩小自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于输送状态下的外径,利于输送。在钳臂C132与抓持臂C152配合夹持瓣叶后,钳臂C132凹入的内表面可以增加钳臂C132与瓣叶的接触面积、并使得抓持臂C152将瓣叶压入钳臂C132的内表面中,增加对瓣叶的夹持力。
请参阅图57,驱动部C140包括驱动轴C142、连接座C144以及至少两个连杆C146。每个连杆C146的一端与一个钳臂C132连接,另一端与连接座C144枢接。驱动轴C142的一端与连接座C144连接,另一端活动地穿装在第三座体C116中。具体地,连杆C146的数量与钳臂C132的数量一致。每一连杆C146的一端与一个钳臂C132相连,另一端通过枢轴C148连接于连接座C144。驱动轴C142沿轴向穿设支撑部C110的穿设通道C111并活动地穿过第三座体C116与连接座C144连接。当驱动轴C142相对于 第三座体C116沿轴向移动时,连杆C146转动并带动钳臂C132相对于第三座体C116开合。当驱动轴C142相对第三座体C116沿轴向向远端移动时,连杆C146转动并带动钳臂C132张开,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于张开状态;当驱动轴C142相对第三座体C116沿轴向向近端移动时,连杆C146转动并带动钳臂C132闭合,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于闭合状态。
在图示的示例中,夹合部C130包括两个钳臂C132,则相对应地设置两个配合工作的连杆C146。钳臂C132的远端通过连接轴C134如销钉或螺栓等方式转动连接于第三座体C116上,连杆C146的远端通过枢轴C148如销钉或螺栓等方式转动连接于连接座C144上,连杆C146的近端连接钳臂C132。当驱动轴C142沿轴向相对于第三座体C116朝远端移动时,连杆C146转动带动钳臂C132围绕连接轴C134转动而相对于第三座体C116张开,自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于张开状态。当驱动轴C142沿轴向相对于第三座体C116朝近端移动时,连杆C146转动带动钳臂C132围绕连接轴C134转动而相对于第三座体C116闭合。
连接座C144的形状为半球体、球冠或弹头形等任一结构,以使自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100更容易在体内进行推送。驱动轴C142与连接座C144可以是一体结构,也可以是非一体结构。连接座C144可通过焊接等方式固定设置在驱动轴C142的远端。为保证植入后的安全性,驱动轴C142及连接座C144由聚酯、硅树脂、不锈钢、钴合金、钴铬合金或钛合金等生物相容性材料制成,优选为硬度较高的不锈钢或钴铬合金。
进一步地,驱动部C140还包括设于第三座体C116中的锁定件C141,锁定件C141限制驱动轴C142与第三座体C116的相对运动。在输送状态时,锁定件C141限制驱动轴C142与第三座体C116的相对运动,从而保证夹合部C130相对于调节部C120和支撑部C110始终保持闭合状态,避免夹合部C130的意外张开。在自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100到达二尖瓣附近后,解锁锁定件C141对驱动轴C142的限制,即可通过驱动部C140驱动夹合部C130 相对于调节部C120和支撑部C110张开并夹持瓣叶。锁定件C141可以是现有技术中的变形弹片及钢片的组合,此处不再赘述。
请参阅图57和图58,本公开实施例一还提供一种瓣膜夹合***。瓣膜夹合***包括上述自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100及输送装置C200。输送装置C200包括具有一定轴向长度的推送轴C210及活动地穿装在推送轴C210中的芯轴(图未示)。推送轴C210与支撑部C110可拆卸连接,芯轴用于驱动夹合部C130的钳臂C132绕支撑部C110的转动。应当知晓,此处列出的仅是输送装置C200的部分结构,其它部分可采用现有的任一适合的结构,此处不再赘述。
具体地,芯轴与驱动部C140可拆卸连接,芯轴用于通过驱动部C140驱动夹合部C130钳臂C132绕支撑部C110转动,从而驱动夹合部C130张开或闭合。请参阅图68和图69,支撑部C110的第一座体C112近端的管壁对称开设有连通于管腔的两个卡位C1122,推送轴C210远端设有一固定件C220,固定件C220包括两个分支,每个分支的末端为凸起的卡台C222。在自然状态下,两个分支均指向固定件C220的中心轴处。组装自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与输送装置C200时,将推送轴C210远端的固定件C220***支撑部C110的第一座体C112中,再将芯轴***推送轴C210中,直至芯轴***固定件C220中将固定件C220的两个分支向外顶起,使分支末端的卡台C222分别卡入卡位C1122中,从而将支撑部C110与推送轴C210连接,即将自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100和输送装置C200相连。驱动轴C142的近端设置外螺纹,芯轴设置有内螺纹,芯轴***固定件C220后与驱动轴C142螺纹连接,从而可通过芯轴来控制驱动轴C142的轴向运动。
当将芯轴与驱动轴C142解脱,芯轴自固定件C220及推送轴C210中撤出时,固定件C220两个分支恢复向内的自然状态,卡台C222从第一座体C112的卡位C1122中脱离,使得自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与输送装置C200之间解除连接。固定件C220可由镍钛等具有一定硬度及弹性的材料制成。推送轴C210可采用多 层复合管体。芯轴可为不锈钢材料制成。
可以理解,在自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与输送装置C200连接后,此时自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于闭合状态,通过输送装置C200将自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100输送至患者的二尖瓣处。然后通过芯轴带动驱动轴C142沿轴向向远端运动,驱动轴C142带动连杆C146转动,连杆C146带动钳臂C132张开,直至钳臂C132相对于调节部C120及支撑部C110完全张开,使自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于张开状态。在夹合部C130和抓持部C150配合并夹紧瓣膜组织的瓣叶后,通过芯轴带动驱动轴C142沿轴向向近端运动,驱动轴C142带动连杆C146转动,连杆C146带动钳臂C132合拢,直至钳臂C132相对于调节部C120及支撑部C110完全闭合,使自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100处于闭合状态,坠于瓣膜下方。之后可以解脱芯轴与驱动轴C142之间的连接,芯轴自固定件C220中后撤,卡台C222自支撑部C110的卡位C1122中分离,从而实现自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100和输送装置C200的解脱。
由于自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与输送装置C200的连接处(即解脱处)位于自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的调节部C120内,当调节部C120的第二端C124设有开口C128时,没有部件会钩挂固定件C220的分支末端的卡台C222,便于自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的释放。另外,解脱处设于调节部C120的内部,可以减小解脱处的轴向尺寸,从而减少了整个自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的重量,减轻心脏的负荷;解脱处不直接受到血液的冲刷,即可避免解脱处反复磨损瓣叶导致的瓣叶损伤,也可降低血栓形成的风险。
请参阅图70-图74,以经左心房顺行接近并修复二尖瓣为例,阐述本公开的自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100的使用过程:
第一步:如图70所示,通过可调弯鞘管等导引装置(图未示)将输送装置C200及与其相连的自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100从左心房LA推进,经过二尖瓣MV到达左心室LV;
第二步:调整自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100接近二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML;
第三步:如图71所示,解锁第三座体C116中的锁定件C141,向远端推动芯轴及驱动轴C142,驱动钳臂C132相对于支撑部C110及调节部C120张开,调整钳臂C132方向,此时可通过X射线等医学影像设备观察钳臂C132与二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML的相对位置,使得钳臂C132垂直于二尖瓣MV的对合线;
第四步:如图72所示,向近端回撤整个自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100,使钳臂C132在左心室LV侧托住瓣叶,松开调节线以释放两侧的抓持臂C152,每侧的抓持臂C152在心房侧压住瓣叶并与该侧的钳臂C132配合固定瓣叶,实现瓣叶的完整夹持;
第五步:如图73所示,当二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML分别被夹持在一对钳臂C132和抓持臂C152之间,向近端拉动芯轴及驱动轴C142,从而驱动钳臂C132闭合;
第六步:解脱芯轴与驱动轴C142之间的螺纹连接,并后撤芯轴解除自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100与输送装置C200之间的连接,之后将输送装置C200撤出体外,得到如图74所示的植入状态,此时自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100将二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML拉向彼此,得到双孔化的二尖瓣,完成二尖瓣的缘对缘修复。
自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100植入后,具有弹性的调节部C120填充于被夹持的二尖瓣MV的前叶AML和后叶PML之间,且抵顶于钳臂C132,从而减少中心反流,提高治疗效果。调节部C120的自扩展主体C121(例如网状结构或多孔结构等)对于搏动的瓣叶具有缓冲作用,从而实现自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100对瓣叶的牵拉程度自适应可调节,以避免损伤瓣叶。自扩展主体C121可以跟随瓣叶的搏动而被挤压变形,产生的弹力将瓣叶靠近自扩展主体C121的部分向远离支撑部C110的方向推动,使得二尖瓣的前叶和后叶之间的夹合角度小于钳臂C132的张开角度,能够减少夹合部C130对瓣叶的牵拉,使得自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100对瓣叶的牵拉程度始终保持在合理范围内。另外,调节部C120受到瓣叶的压力作用时,会产生一定程度的变形,且变形程度随着压力的增 加而增大,从而避免抓取瓣叶后,自扩展主体C121受到钳臂C132的挤压力反过来作用于钳臂C132上,保证释放后自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100对瓣叶的抓取效果与释放前保持一致。
实施例二
请参阅图75-图78,本公开实施例二的自适应瓣膜夹合装置与实施例一的自适应瓣膜夹合装置C100相比,区别在于调节部C420的第一封头C426和支撑部C410的第二座体C414的结构不同。
具体地,第一封头C426活动套设于支撑部C410的第二座体C414外侧,第一封头C426的内腔设有第一止转件C4260,第二座体C414的外表面对应于第一止转件C4260设有第二止转件C4140,第一止转件C4260与第二止转件C4140可拆卸配合连接。如此,通过设置可拆卸配合连接的第一止转件C4260与第二止转件C4140来限制调节部C420绕轴向旋转,避免调节部C420相对于第二座体C414旋转,从而导致调节部C420与瓣叶的接触面积减小而影响瓣叶夹持效果。
请参阅图75-图77,第一止转件C4260包括至少一个平面C4262和/或至少一个弧面C4264,第二止转件C4140包括至少一个平面C4142和/或至少一个弧面C4144。在图75的示例中,第一止转件C4260包括相对的两个平面C4262及相对的两个弧面C4264,即第一封头C426的内腔设有相对的两个平面C4262及相对的两个弧面C4264。对应地,第二止转件C4140包括相对的两个平面C4142及相对的两个弧面C4144,即第二座体C414的外表面设有相对的两个平面C4142及相对的两个弧面C4144。装配时,将第一封头C426的平面C4262正对于第二座体C414的平面C4142,第一封头C426的弧面C4264正对于第二座体C414的弧面C4144。如此,将第一封头C426套设于第二座体C414的外侧,可以保证调节部C420在轴向的移动不受影响,同时第二座体C414与第一封头C426正对的两个平面C4142可以防止调节部C420在第二座体C414上绕轴向旋转。第一封头C426的两个平面C4262之间的间距相对比第二座体C414的两个平面C4142之间的间距应 至少大0.01毫米,优选0.02-1毫米。第一封头C426的两个弧面C4264之间的间距相对比第二座体C414的两个弧面C4144之间的间距应至少大0.01毫米,优选0.05-3毫米。在图76的示例中,第一止转件C4260包括一个平面C4262和一个弧面C4264,第二止转件C4140包括两个平面C4142和一个弧面C4144。在图77的示例中,第二止转件C4140包括三个平面C4142和三个弧面C4144。优选地,弧面可为圆弧面。当然,也可以是,第一止转件C4260包括一个弧面C4264,第二止转件C4140包括多个平面C4142,即第一封头C426的内腔表面为圆周弧面,第二座体C414的外表面横截面轮廓为多边形。
当然,第一止转件C4260和第二止转件C4140可为配合连接的多面体结构。例如,第一止转件C4260和第二止转件C4140均为三棱柱体结构,即第一封头C426的内腔设有三个互相连接的平面,第二座体C414的外表面对应设有三个互相连接的平面。
请参阅图78,第一止转件C4260和第二止转件C4140中的一个为沿轴向延伸的滑槽,另一个为与滑槽配合的凸起。通过滑槽与凸起的配合限制调节部C420的绕轴向旋转,同时不影响调节部C420的轴向移动。在图示中,第二座体C414上设有沿轴向延伸的滑槽C4146,第一封头C426的内腔具有向内凸设且可以沿着滑槽移动的凸起C4266。优选地,第二座体C414上设有相对的两个滑槽C4146,第一封头C426设有向内凸设的两个凸起C4266。当然,也可以为第二座体C414上设有向外的凸起,第一封头C426设有滑槽。
在其它实施方式中,也可以是第二座体C414上设置有向外的凸起,第一封头C426的内腔具有向内凸设的凸起。两者的凸起结构配合具有引导移动的轨迹,同时也可以防止调节部C420沿着支撑部C410旋转。
需要说明的是,在第二实施例中,第一封头C426与第一止转件C4260一体成型,第二座体C414与第二止转件C4140一体成型。
实施例三
请参阅图79和图80,本公开实施例三的自适应瓣膜夹合装置与实施例二的自适应瓣膜夹合装置相比,区别在于调节部C520的第一封头C526和支撑部C510的第二座体C514的结构不同。本实施例中,第一封头C526与第一止转件C5260分体连接,和/或,第二座体C524和第二止转件C5140分体连接。具体地,第一封头C526与第一止转件C5260可通过焊接、粘结、螺纹连接、压接、螺栓锁紧等常见的可拆卸或不可拆卸连接方式固定在一起。第二座体C514与第二止转件C5140可通过焊接、粘结、螺纹连接、压接、螺栓锁紧等常见的可拆卸或不可拆卸连接方式固定在一起。本实施例采用焊接连接。
可以理解的是,本公开提供的瓣膜夹合***包括上述的任一自适应瓣膜夹合装置及能够将自适应瓣膜夹合装置从体外输送至二尖瓣或三尖瓣附近并夹合瓣叶的输送装置。以上关于瓣膜夹合装置的阐述仅用作举例,并不是对本公开的限制,本领域的普通技术人员基于本公开的教导获得的瓣膜夹合装置以及包含该瓣膜夹合装置的瓣膜夹合***均在本公开的保护范围内。
需要说明的是,在本文中,诸如“第一”和“第二”等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来,而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且,术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含,从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素,而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素,或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下,由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素,并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
以上所述仅是本公开的具体实施方式,使本领域技术人员能够理解或实现本公开。对这些实施例的多种修改对本领域的技术 人员来说将是显而易见的,本文中所定义的一般原理可以在不脱离本公开的精神或范围的情况下,在其它实施例中实现。因此,本公开将不会被限制于本文所示的这些实施例,而是要符合与本文所公开的原理和新颖特点相一致的最宽的范围。

Claims (92)

  1. 瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
    支撑部,所述支撑部沿轴向设置;
    中空的调节部,所述支撑部的至少一部分设于所述调节部内,所述调节部的一端套设在所述支撑部的外侧,所述调节部的另一端相对所述支撑部可活动;
    夹合部,所述夹合部围设于所述调节部的外侧;以及
    驱动部,所述驱动部与所述夹合部连接,以驱动所述夹合部靠近或远离所述调节部。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部包括沿所述轴向连接的第一座体和第二座体,所述第一座体设于所述调节部内;并且所述调节部包括沿轴向相对设置的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体。
  3. 如权利要求2所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中所述第一端固定套设在所述第二座体外侧。
  4. 如权利要求3所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第二端相对所述支撑部自由悬空以相对所述支撑部可活动。
  5. 如权利要求3所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第二端活动套设于所述第一座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
  6. 如权利要求2所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中所述第二端固定套设在所述第一座体外侧,所述第一端活动套设于所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
  7. 如权利要求2所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中所述第一端活动套设在所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
  8. 如权利要求7所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第二端套设在所述第一座体外侧并可相对所述支撑部沿所述轴向活动。
  9. 如权利要求7所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第二端相对所述支撑部自由悬空以相对所述支撑部可活动。
  10. 如权利要求2-9任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体为弹性体,所述调节部在所述第二端处设有开口。
  11. 如权利要求10所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体选自网状结构、框架结构、致密结构或多孔结构中的至少一种。
  12. 如权利要求10所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体为网状结构或框架结构,所述弹性体的至少部分外表面和/或至少部分内表面覆盖有生物相容性薄膜。
  13. 如权利要求10-12任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部的所述第二端为具有中心通孔的封头,所述弹性体的一部分穿装并固定在所述封头中,所述中心通孔形成所述开口;或者所述第二端边缘套设一中空的圈套结构形成所述开口;或者所述第二端的边缘围合形成所述开口。
  14. 如权利要求10所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体为网状结构,所述弹性体由形状记忆材料经编织而成,编织形成所述网状结构的网丝在所述第二端处弯折绕回形成所述开口。
  15. 如权利要求10所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体为框架结构,所述框架结构由形状记忆材料切割而成,所述框架结构包括多根支杆,相邻的所述支杆之间彼此间隔或者交联,多 根所述支杆的近端聚拢形成所述开口。
  16. 如权利要求10所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体为所述致密结构,所述致密结构由硅胶制成;或者所述弹性体为多孔结构,所述多孔结构由海绵制成;并且所述致密结构或所述多孔结构的所述第二端边缘形成所述开口。
  17. 如权利要求2-16任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体的至少一部分在自然状态下的直径自所述调节部的第一端向所述调节部的第二端逐渐增大。
  18. 如权利要求2-17任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体具有与所述第二端相连的凹陷区,所述凹陷区朝所述第一端凹陷,且所述第二端沿轴线位于所述自扩展主体的两个端面之间。
  19. 如权利要求2-18任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体包括依次连接的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段;
    所述第一区段自所述调节部的第二端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸,且所述第一区段围绕在所述支撑部的第二端的外侧;所述第二区段自所述第一区段继续径向向外延伸;并且所述第三区段自所述第二区段朝向所述支撑部的第一端同时径向向内延伸至所述调节部的第一端截止。
  20. 如权利要求19所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体还包括弯折区段,所述弯折区段连接于所述调节部的第二端与所述第一区段之间。
  21. 如权利要求20所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体的第二区段的径向尺寸的范围为4mm-15mm,所 述调节部的第一端的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm。
  22. 如权利要求2-21任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体沿周向包括多个第一曲面和多个第二曲面,所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面彼此相邻,相对设置的两个所述第一曲面分别面向所述夹合部,所述第二曲面的面积小于所述第一曲面的面积。
  23. 如权利要求4或9所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一座体包括与所述第二座体连接的接口端以及与所述接口端相对设置的自由端,所述自由端位于所述调节部内。
  24. 如权利要求23所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体为弹性体,所述调节部在所述第二端处设有开口;并且所述开口的尺寸小于或者等于所述自由端的尺寸。
  25. 如权利要求1-24任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部的所述一端的边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,所述圈套结构套设在所述支撑部的外侧。
  26. 如权利要求1-25任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂靠近或远离所述调节部。
  27. 如权利要求26所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部还包括与所述第二座体连接的基座,每一所述钳臂均转动连接于所述基座上,所述钳臂与所述基座的连接处与所述第一端之间具有轴向间距。
  28. 如权利要求27所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与夹合部连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
  29. 如权利要求28所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
  30. 如权利要求27所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、自动闭合单元以及至少两个连杆;所述驱动轴活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述驱动轴转动连接;并且所述自动闭合单元连接所述钳臂,用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
  31. 如权利要求27所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:所述驱动部包括驱动轴以及至少两个弹性驱动臂,所述驱动轴的一端活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每一所述弹性驱动臂的一端均固定连接所述驱动轴的另一端,每一所述弹性驱动臂的另一端分别连接一个所述钳臂;并且所述弹性驱动臂用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
  32. 如权利要求26-31任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述钳臂的末端设有翻边段,所述翻边段呈朝向所述钳臂的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,所述钳臂贴靠至所述调节部后,所述自扩展主体在轴向上突出于所述翻边段。
  33. 如权利要求32所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体对应所述翻边段处设置适配段,所述适配段朝向所述翻边段 的一侧的形状与所述弧面互补。
  34. 如权利要求1-33任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可靠近或远离所述调节部,所述抓持部及所述夹合部均远离所述调节部时,所述抓持部至少部分容置于所述夹合部的内表面。
  35. 瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
    支撑部,所述支撑部包括相对设置的连接端和自由端;
    中空的调节部,所述支撑部的至少一部分设于所述调节部内,所述调节部的一端套设在所述连接端外侧并与所述支撑部连接,所述调节部的另一端自由悬空;
    夹合部,所述夹合部围设于所述调节部的外侧;以及
    驱动部,所述驱动部与所述夹合部连接,以驱动所述夹合部围绕所述调节部展开或闭合。
  36. 如权利要求35所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部的自由端位于所述调节部内。
  37. 如权利要求35或36所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部包括弹性体,所述弹性体的一端与所述支撑部连接,所述弹性体的另一端具有开口并自由悬空。
  38. 如权利要求37所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述开口的尺寸小于或者等于所述自由端的尺寸。
  39. 如权利要求37或38所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体的近端边缘套设一中空的圈套结构形成所述开口。
  40. 如权利要求37或38所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体的近端边缘围合形成所述开口。
  41. 如权利要求37-40任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体选自网状结构、框架结构、致密结构或多孔结构中的至少一种。
  42. 如权利要求41所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构或框架结构时,所述弹性体的至少部分外表面施加覆膜。
  43. 如权利要求41所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构或框架结构时,所述弹性体由形状记忆材料经编织或切割而成。
  44. 如权利要求43所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,当所述弹性体为所述网状结构时,所述网状结构的网丝在近端弯折绕回形成所述近端边缘。
  45. 如权利要求43所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,当所述弹性体为所述框架结构时,所述框架结构的相邻支杆之间彼此间隔或者交联,所述框架结构的支杆在近端聚拢形成所述近端边缘。
  46. 如权利要求41所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,当所述弹性体为所述致密结构时,所述致密结构由硅胶制成;当所述弹性体为所述多孔结构时,所述多孔结构由海绵制成;并且所述致密结构或多孔结构的近端边缘形成所述开口。
  47. 如权利要求37-46任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述弹性体的远端固定套设于所述支撑部上,或者所述弹性体的远 端边缘外部套设一中空的圈套结构,所述圈套结构固定套设于所述支撑部上。
  48. 如权利要求35-47任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂围绕所述调节部转动。
  49. 如权利要求35至38任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部包括多个第一曲面和多个第二曲面,所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面彼此相邻,相对设置的两个所述第一曲面分别面向一个所述钳臂,所述第二曲面的面积小于所述第一曲面的面积。
  50. 如权利要求35至59任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可相对所述调节部展开或闭合,所述抓持部及所述夹合部均展开时,所述抓持部至少部分容置于所述夹合部的内表面。
  51. 如权利要求35至50任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括与所述支撑部固定连接的基座,所述夹合部转动连接于所述基座上。
  52. 如权利要求51所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与夹合部连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
  53. 如权利要求52所述的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱 动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
  54. 贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
    支撑部,所述支撑部具有一定轴向长度,且包括相对设置的第一端和第二端;
    调节部,所述调节部包括相对设置的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体;所述调节部的第一端活动套设在所述支撑部的外侧,所述调节部的第二端套设在所述支撑部的外侧并与所述支撑部固定连接,所述调节部的第一端位于所述支撑部的第一端与所述调节部的第二端之间;以及
    夹合部,所述夹合部设于所述支撑部的外侧并可相对于所述调节部展开或闭合。
  55. 如权利要求54所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体在自然状态下的直径自所述调节部的第一端向所述调节部的第二端逐渐增大。
  56. 如权利要求55所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体为形状记忆材料制成的网状结构。
  57. 如权利要求56所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述网状结构的外部和/或内部覆盖有生物相容性薄膜。
  58. 如权利要求54-57任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体具有与所述调节部的第二端相连的凹陷区,所述凹陷区的末端朝向所述支撑部的第一端延伸至所述调节部的第二端,或者所述凹陷区的末端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸至所述调节部的第二端。
  59. 如权利要求58所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中, 还包括固定件,所述调节部的第二端穿装并固定在所述固定件中,以通过所述固定件与所述支撑部固定连接。
  60. 如权利要求54-59任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体包括依次连接的第一区段、第二区段及第三区段;
    所述第一区段自所述调节部的第二端朝向所述支撑部的第二端延伸,且所述第一区段围绕在所述支撑部的第二端的外侧;所述第二区段自所述第一区段继续径向向外延伸;并且所述第三区段自所述第二区段朝向所述支撑部的第一端同时径向向内延伸至所述调节部的第一端截止。
  61. 如权利要求60所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体还包括弯折区段,所述弯折区段连接于所述调节部的第二端与所述第一区段之间。
  62. 如权利要求60或61所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体的第二区段的径向尺寸的范围为4mm-15mm,所述调节部的第一端的径向尺寸的范围为1mm-5mm。
  63. 如权利要求54至62任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括驱动部,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部对称设置,所述驱动部分别与每个所述钳臂连接,以驱动每个所述钳臂靠近或远离所述调节部。
  64. 如权利要求63所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部的第一端设有基座,每一所述钳臂均转动连接于所述基座上,所述支撑部的第一端与所述调节部的第一端之间具有轴向间距。
  65. 如权利要求64所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、连接座以及至少两个连杆;其中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述连接座转动连接;并且所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,所述驱动轴的另一端活动地穿装在所述基座中。
  66. 如权利要求65所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括设于所述基座中的锁定部,所述锁定部限制所述驱动轴与所述基座的相对运动。
  67. 如权利要求64-66任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括:驱动轴、自动闭合单元以及至少两个连杆;所述驱动轴活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂转动连接,每个所述连杆的另一端与所述驱动轴转动连接;并且所述自动闭合单元连接所述钳臂,用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
  68. 如权利要求64-66任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部包括驱动轴以及至少两个弹性驱动臂,所述驱动轴的一端活动穿装于所述支撑部中,每一所述弹性驱动臂的一端均固定连接所述驱动轴的另一端,每一所述弹性驱动臂的另一端分别连接一个所述钳臂;并且所述弹性驱动臂用于使得所述钳臂在自然状态下贴靠所述调节部。
  69. 如权利要求63-68任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述钳臂的末端设有翻边段,所述翻边段呈朝向所述钳臂的末端的外侧翻转的弧面,所述钳臂贴靠至所述调节部后,所述自扩展主体在轴向上突出于所述翻边段。
  70. 如权利要求68所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自扩展主体对应所述翻边段处设置适配段,所述适配段朝向所述翻边段的一侧的形状与所述弧面互补。
  71. 如权利要求54至70任一项所述的贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述夹合部及所述调节部之间并可相对所述支撑部展开或闭合。
  72. 自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其包括:
    支撑部,所述支撑部包括第一座体及与所述第一座体连接的第二座体;
    中空的调节部,所述第一座体设于所述调节部内,所述调节部包括相对的第一端和第二端、以及位于所述第一端和所述第二端之间的自扩展主体,所述调节部的第一端活动套设于所述第二座体外侧并可相对所述第二座体沿轴向移动,所述调节部的第二端悬空,所述第一座体相较于所述第二座体靠近所述调节部的第二端;以及
    夹合部,所述夹合部包括至少两个钳臂,每一所述钳臂转动连接于所述支撑部,所述钳臂转动连接的部位靠近所述调节部的第一端,所述钳臂绕所述支撑部转动从而靠近或远离所述调节部。
  73. 如权利要求72所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部的第一端设有第一封头,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间间隙配合。
  74. 如权利要求73所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.01-3毫米。
  75. 如权利要求74所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述 第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-1毫米。
  76. 如权利要求75所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一封头的内腔表面与所述第二座体的外表面之间的配合间隙范围为0.05-0.2毫米。
  77. 如权利要求74-76任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一封头的内腔表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米,和/或所述第二座体的外表面的表面粗糙度范围为0.1-2.5微米。
  78. 如权利要求73-77任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一封头的内腔设有第一止转件,所述第二座体的外表面对应于所述第一止转件设有第二止转件,所述第一止转件与所述第二止转件可拆卸配合连接。
  79. 如权利要求78所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一封头与所述第一止转件一体成型或分体连接,所述第二座体与所述第二止转件一体成型或分体连接。
  80. 如权利要求78或79所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一止转件包括至少一个平面和/或至少一个弧面,所述第二止转件包括至少一个平面和/或至少一个弧面。
  81. 如权利要求80所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一止转件和所述第二止转件为配合连接的多面体结构。
  82. 如权利要求78-81任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述第一止转件和所述第二止转件中的一个为沿轴向延伸的滑槽,另一个为与所述滑槽配合的凸起。
  83. 如权利要求73-82任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部还包括连接所述第二座体的第三座体,所述第二座体与所述第一座体连接的端部设有限位件,所述第一封头的内径小于所述限位件的外径,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第三座体的外径。
  84. 如权利要求73-81任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述支撑部还包括连接所述第二座体的第三座体,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第一座体的外径,所述第一封头的内径小于所述第三座体的外径。
  85. 如权利要求83或84所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述至少两个钳臂转动连接于所述第三座体上,所述至少两个钳臂相对于所述调节部周向对称设置。
  86. 如权利要求83-85任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自适应瓣膜夹合装置还包括驱动部,所述驱动部包括驱动轴、连接座及至少两个连杆,每个所述连杆的一端与一个所述钳臂连接,另一端与所述连接座枢接,所述驱动轴的一端与所述连接座连接,另一端活动地穿装在所述第三座体中。
  87. 如权利要求86所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述驱动部还包括设于所述第三座体中的锁定件,所述锁定件用于限制所述驱动轴与所述第三座体的相对运动。
  88. 如权利要求72-87任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述调节部的第二端具有开口。
  89. 如权利要求88所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述 调节部的第二端还设有第二封头。
  90. 如权利要求72-89任一项所述的自适应瓣膜夹合装置,其中,所述自适应瓣膜夹合装置还包括抓持部,所述抓持部设于所述钳臂及所述调节部之间并可靠近或远离所述钳臂,所述抓持部在自然状态下至少部分容置于所述钳臂的内表面。
  91. 瓣膜夹合***,其包括权利要求1至90任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置、以及输送装置,所述输送装置包括:具有一定轴向长度的推送轴及活动地穿装在所述推送轴中的芯轴,所述推送轴与所述支撑部之间可拆卸连接,所述芯轴与所述驱动部相连,用于驱动所述夹合部相对于所述支撑部的展开和闭合。
  92. 瓣膜夹合***,其包括权利要求1至90任一项所述的瓣膜夹合装置及输送装置,所述输送装置包括具有一定轴向长度的推送轴及活动地穿装在所述推送轴中的芯轴,所述推送轴与所述支撑部可拆卸连接,所述芯轴用于驱动所述钳臂绕所述支撑部转动。
PCT/CN2021/081606 2020-03-18 2021-03-18 瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合*** WO2021185324A1 (zh)

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US17/906,641 US20230157819A1 (en) 2020-03-18 2021-03-18 Valve clamping device and valve clamping system
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BR112022018791A BR112022018791A2 (pt) 2020-03-18 2021-03-18 Dispositivo de fixação de válvula e sistema de fixação de válvula

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CN202021717762.0 2020-08-17
CN202021717762.0U CN214104757U (zh) 2020-08-17 2020-08-17 瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***
CN202120115656.3U CN215130898U (zh) 2021-01-15 2021-01-15 贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***
CN202110057563.4 2021-01-15
CN202110057563.4A CN114762635A (zh) 2021-01-15 2021-01-15 贴合充分的瓣膜夹合装置及瓣膜夹合***
CN202110057559 2021-01-15
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