WO2021051701A1 - 一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法 - Google Patents

一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021051701A1
WO2021051701A1 PCT/CN2019/128223 CN2019128223W WO2021051701A1 WO 2021051701 A1 WO2021051701 A1 WO 2021051701A1 CN 2019128223 W CN2019128223 W CN 2019128223W WO 2021051701 A1 WO2021051701 A1 WO 2021051701A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shell
jaw
maxillary
traction
shaped dental
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PCT/CN2019/128223
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
沈刚
姚峻峰
Original Assignee
沈刚
上海正雅齿科科技股份有限公司
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Application filed by 沈刚, 上海正雅齿科科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 沈刚
Priority to EP19945581.7A priority Critical patent/EP4018962A4/en
Priority to JP2022600037U priority patent/JP3239932U/ja
Priority to AU2019466288A priority patent/AU2019466288B2/en
Publication of WO2021051701A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021051701A1/zh
Priority to US17/655,377 priority patent/US20220202538A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/36—Devices acting between upper and lower teeth
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/06—Extra-oral force transmitting means, i.e. means worn externally of the mouth and placing a member in the mouth under tension
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/08—Mouthpiece-type retainers or positioners, e.g. for both the lower and upper arch
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C7/00—Orthodontics, i.e. obtaining or maintaining the desired position of teeth, e.g. by straightening, evening, regulating, separating, or by correcting malocclusions
    • A61C7/10—Devices having means to apply outwardly directed force, e.g. expanders
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F5/00—Orthopaedic methods or devices for non-surgical treatment of bones or joints; Nursing devices; Anti-rape devices
    • A61F5/56—Devices for preventing snoring
    • A61F5/566—Intra-oral devices
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0093—Features of implants not otherwise provided for
    • A61C8/0096—Implants for use in orthodontic treatment

Definitions

  • Some of the embodiments of the present application relate to the technical field of medical devices, more specifically, to the design technology of tooth treatment, and in particular to a system for the treatment of maxillary concave deformities and a design method of the system for treatment of maxillary concave deformities.
  • Malocclusion is caused by congenital genetic factors or acquired environmental factors, such as diseases, bad oral habits, dental replacement disorders, etc., during the growth and development of children, and can also be caused by trauma, periodontal disease and other reasons after growth and development. Such as irregular teeth arrangement, abnormal occlusal relationship between upper and lower arches, abnormal size, shape and position of jaws, facial deformities, etc.
  • the formation factors and mechanisms of malocclusion are intricate, and its occurrence may be caused by a single factor and a single mechanism, or it may be the result of a combination of multiple factors or multiple mechanisms. Divided from the time when the malocclusion is formed, the causes of malocclusion can be divided into two categories: congenital and acquired factors, but from the perspective of individual malocclusion mechanisms, the causes of malocclusion can be divided into Internal genetic factors and external environmental factors.
  • Jaw positional concave deformity is mainly caused by the inertial extension of the mandible.
  • the upper jaw is slightly underdeveloped, and the lower jaw has a better shape, which is flat and square.
  • the anterior teeth are deeply overlapped and overlaid.
  • the molars and the canines are in a mesial relationship, that is, the posterior teeth are completely mesial, the canines are mesial, and the upper canines are aligned with the lower canines.
  • the important clinical feature of jaw concave deformity is that the mandible can be forced back to the upper and lower anterior incision, and the posterior teeth are opened and closed because of the deep spee curve of the mandible.
  • Class III malocclusion is caused by the imbalance between the mesial and distal relations of the mandible and the dental arch.
  • the mandible and the lower dental arch are in the mesial position, and the molars are in the mesial relationship; if the mandible moves forward by 1/4 molar or half
  • the distance between the two premolars that is, when the mesial buccal tip of the upper first permanent molar is opposite to the distal buccal tip of the lower first permanent molar, it is called a mild mesial malocclusion or the beginning of a mesial malocclusion.
  • Jaw can be manifested as anterior teeth facing jaw, reverse jaw or open jaw, maxillary recession or mandibular protrusion. In some cases, the facial changes are concave deformities.
  • Concave deformities can be divided into alveolar, jaw, and bone-derived concave deformities.
  • the clinical manifestations of alveolar concave deformities are slightly concave on the side, no collapse in the paranasal area from the front, and normal mandibular steepness, and the anterior teeth are covered.
  • the molars are small and have a mild mesial relationship, which is mainly caused by local alveolar factors.
  • the maxilla is relatively normal, and the lower jaw is preferably rectangular.
  • the clinical manifestations of the jaw concave deformity are obvious concave surface in lateral view, normal mandibular steepness, anterior reversal covering large reversal deep, mandibular retreat to the anterior area, the upper and lower incisors are aligned, the mesial relationship of molars, which is mainly caused by mandibular inertia Advancement, underdevelopment of the upper jaw, and undergrowth of the upper jaw, inverted jaws are mainly caused by the jaw position.
  • the upper jaw is slightly retracted, and the lower jaw has a better shape and is rectangular.
  • Bone-derived concave deformities are divided into three types: maxillary origin, mandibular origin and upper and lower origin.
  • maxillary origin the clinical manifestation of maxillary origin is that the concave surface is more obvious in the lateral view, the paranasal area collapses obviously in the front view, and the mandibular steepness is normal.
  • the reverse coverage of the anterior teeth is large, and the coverage of the posterior teeth is small.
  • the mesial relationship of the molars is mainly caused by the lack of the upper jaw in all directions.
  • the alveolar and the basal bone are reversely compensated, forming a depression in the migration of the alveolar and basal bone.
  • the upper jaw is inadequate, and the lower jaw has a better shape and is rectangular; the clinical manifestations of the mandibular origin type is that the upper jaw is relatively normal, the mandibular plane is steeper, the concave surface is obvious, the anterior anti-jaw coverage is small, the posterior teeth area is reversed, and molars It is in a mesial relationship, which is mainly caused by the over-all of the mandible, the alveolar and the jaw are reversely compensated, causing the lower anterior teeth to stand up or the tongue is tilted, and the maxillary is slightly retracted and the lower jaw is not well shaped, forming a thick triangle.
  • the shallow recesses converge backward, and the deep recesses protrude forward; the clinical manifestations of the upper and lower source type are ascending and descending from the side view, the paranasal area is sunken from the front view, the anterior teeth are small in reverse coverage, the posterior teeth are reversely covered, and the molars are
  • the complete meso-Chinese relationship is mainly caused by underdevelopment of the upper jaw in all directions, overdevelopment of the lower jaw in all directions, obvious retraction of the maxilla, poor shape of the lower jaw, thick triangles, shallow recesses converging back, and deep recesses protruding forward.
  • the purpose of some of the embodiments of the present application is to provide a system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities, which uses shell-shaped dental instruments and auxiliary devices to divide different treatment stages and gradually realize the treatment of concave jaw deformities without affecting On the premise of corrective effect, improve the wearing comfort of patients.
  • the present invention also provides a method for designing a system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities.
  • the system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities is set.
  • different shell-shaped dental instruments are designed to cooperate with auxiliary devices. To achieve the final correction effect.
  • a system for correcting jaw concave deformities comprising: an upper shell-shaped dental instrument with a shell-shaped body, characterized in that a plurality of cavities for accommodating teeth are provided on the shell-shaped body, and the shell-shaped body corresponds to Protrusions are provided at the position of the posterior tooth area toward the opposite jaw, the labial side surface of the shell-shaped body contacting the teeth is provided with a traction part, and the posterior tooth area corresponding to the shell-shaped body is provided with a retention attachment The retaining part of the buckle;
  • the protruding part cooperates with the mandibular posterior area to perform occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to be aligned; the traction part cooperates with the maxillary extra-mandibular reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone; and
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction, and the height of the protrusion provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument is as high as that of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • the change in the shape of the anterior tooth area of the instrument gradually decreases.
  • the system for orthodontic treatment of concave jaw deformities further includes a mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument includes a cavity shell-shaped body accommodating a plurality of mandibular teeth.
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually depressed from the initial position to the correcting target position.
  • the system for orthodontic concave deformity correction further includes: a first intermaxillary traction element provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument and a second intermaxillary traction element provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument, After the jawbone is orthopedic and reshaped, the first inter-jaw traction member and the second inter-jaw traction member are connected by an elastic member, so that the upper and lower jaw teeth can adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the system for correcting jaw-shaped concave deformities further includes: a first interactive traction member provided on the upper shell-shaped dental instrument and a first interactive traction element provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • Two interactive traction elements after the jaw bone is reshaped and adjusted, the first interactive traction element and the second interactive traction element are connected by an elastic element, so that the posterior teeth are released from jaw opening.
  • the shape of the posterior tooth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually retracted from the initial position to the treatment target position.
  • the system for correcting jaw concave deformities further includes: an intra-mandibular traction member provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument and an implant anchor provided on the mandibular alveolar bone. After the remodeling, the implant anchor and the intramandibular traction member are connected by an elastic member, so that the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the portion of the raised portion facing the occlusal surface of the opposing dentition is provided with a friction portion that increases the stable contact between the upper and lower jaws during occlusal reconstruction.
  • the friction part is a structure that matches the occlusal surface of the opposite jaw tooth, a structure that matches the occlusal surface of the opposite jaw tooth, a structure with a matte surface, a structure with convex points, It is a structure with a hollow surface or a combination of one, two or more of the structure with a hole surface.
  • the retaining portion has at least two outer surfaces, and the outer surface of each retaining portion is arranged at a certain angle with the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • the retaining portion includes a first curved surface and a second curved surface, and the first curved surface and the second curved surface are enclosed to form a retention accessory accommodating space with one end open and the other closed end.
  • the first curved surface and the second curved surface have the same bending direction, and the first curved surface and the second curved surface have different curvatures.
  • the angle formed by the tangent direction of any point on the first curved surface and the tangent direction of any point on the second curved surface is an acute angle.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a system for correcting jaw deformities, including the following steps:
  • Design an upper shell-shaped dental instrument with a shell-shaped body adjust the shape of the anterior region of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument, so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior region gradually line up from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument, and the protrusion cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to be aligned ;
  • a retaining portion is provided on the portion where the protrusion portion wraps the corresponding tooth, and the retaining portion is buckled with a retaining accessory provided on the tooth;
  • the height of the protrusion provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument gradually decreases with the change of the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument.
  • the design method further includes designing a mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument. While the jawbone is orthopedic and reshaped, the shape of the anterior tooth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument gradually changes, so that the corresponding tooth changes from The initial position is gradually lowered to the target position for correction.
  • the design method further includes: arranging a first intermaxillary traction element on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument and arranging a second intermaxillary traction element on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument, so as to reshape the jawbone. After that, the first inter-jaw traction member and the second inter-jaw traction member are connected to allow the upper and lower jaw teeth to adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the design method further includes: arranging a first interactive traction element on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument and arranging a second interactive traction element on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument, after the jaw bone is orthopedic and reshaped, Before the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship, the first interactive traction member and the second interactive traction member are connected to release the jaw from the posterior teeth.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument is designed to gradually change the shape of the posterior tooth area, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually retracted from the initial position to the treatment target position.
  • the design method further includes: setting an intramandibular traction member on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument and setting an implant anchor on the mandibular alveolar bone. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the implant The anchorage member and the traction member within the jaw are connected by an elastic member, so that the upper and lower jaw teeth can adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the system and the design method for the treatment of concave jaw deformity provided by the present application have the following beneficial effects:
  • Some embodiments of the application provide an overall correction system for jaw concave deformities.
  • the protrusions cooperate with the posterior teeth of the mandible for occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisors and the maxillary incisors tend to be aligned; the traction part cooperates with the upper jaw Extramaxillary reverse traction to achieve the goal of jaw remodeling and occlusal reconstruction; and the gradual change of the shape of the anterior area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument so that the corresponding teeth gradually line up from the initial position to the target position for correction.
  • the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument is set on The height of the protrusion gradually decreases with the change of the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument, and the teeth can be corrected at the same time as the correction.
  • Fig. 1 is an example diagram of the initial teeth and jaws in the system for orthodontic concave deformity correction in some embodiments of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of wearing and using the orthodontic concave deformity correction system provided with jaw pads and retention parts in some embodiments of the application;
  • Fig. 3 is a diagram showing an example of wearing and using the orthodontic concave deformity correction system with anterior traction in some embodiments of the application;
  • Fig. 4 is an example diagram of a system for correcting jaw concave deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • Fig. 5 is an example diagram of a system for correcting concave jaw deformities in some embodiments of the application for arch expansion
  • Fig. 6 is an example diagram of a system for correcting jaw concave deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • Fig. 7 is an example diagram of another system for correcting jaw concave deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • Fig. 8 is an example diagram of another system for correcting jaw concave deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a system for orthodontic concave deformity correction including a top view of a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument and a top view of a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument in some embodiments of the application;
  • FIG. 10 is a partially cut-away example diagram of a system for correcting jaw concave deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 11 is an example diagram of the posterior jaw being corrected in the system for correcting a concave deformity of the jaw in some embodiments of the application;
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for designing a system for correcting jaw concave deformities according to some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for designing a system for correcting jaw concave deformities according to some embodiments of the application;
  • Fig. 14 is a flowchart of another method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity correction according to some embodiments of the application;
  • 15 is a flowchart of another method for designing a system for correcting jaw deformities in some embodiments of the application.
  • FIG. 16 is a flowchart of another method for designing a system for correcting a concave deformity of the jaw according to some embodiments of the application.
  • invisible appliances are used throughout the treatment, and other dental aids are needed to complete the treatment, such as front retractors and traction hooks. During this process, the shape of the invisible appliances will change accordingly.
  • the invisible appliance prepared by the design method of the invisible appliance for concave deformity if the dental auxiliary equipment is directly designed on the invisible appliance, the type and location of the added dental auxiliary equipment cannot be predicted for the treatment effect, so it is directly prepared after it is prepared. Wearing for patients, the treatment results are only determined by the clinician’s clinical experience, so there is a treatment risk. Therefore, the invisible appliance can be improved and the expected treatment effect can be verified by different treatment effects, which can effectively reduce the treatment. risk.
  • some embodiments of the present application provide a system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities.
  • the concave jaw deformities are mainly caused by the inertial extension of the mandible.
  • the upper jaw is mild to moderately underdeveloped, and the lower jaw shape is better. Flat rectangle.
  • the characteristic of clinical correction of jaw concave deformity is that the mandible can be forced back to the upper and lower anterior incision, and the posterior jaw opening is caused by the deep spee curve of the mandible.
  • Figure 1 is an example of the initial jaw.
  • the core point is to force the protruding mandible back to the upper and lower anterior cuts.
  • the upper jaw reverse traction is applied, and finally the goal of jaw remodeling and occlusal reconstruction is achieved, and orthopedic treatment is achieved. Simultaneously, it further realizes the efficient invisible treatment of concave deformities.
  • the maxillary concave deformity correction system is set up for the entire concave deformity treatment process with high efficiency and invisible treatment.
  • the system includes a transparent shell-shaped body 11 and an anatomical/non-anatomical jaw pad, with a specially designed accessory, for example, as shown in Figure 2, the retaining accessory wrapped by the retaining portion 13, after wearing Make the mandible retreat to the anterior teeth cut.
  • the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior area of the mandible for occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisors and the maxillary incisors tend to align; see Figure 3, the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to achieve jaw reconstruction and occlusal reconstruction And the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction, and the height of the protrusion 12 provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 increases with the upper jaw The change of the shape of the anterior tooth area of the shell-shaped dental appliance 1 is gradually reduced, so that the correction of the teeth is achieved while the correction is achieved.
  • the maxillary concave deformity correction system includes: an upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11, the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a plurality of cavities for accommodating teeth, and the shell-shaped body 11 The corresponding posterior region is provided with protrusions 12 protruding in the opposite jaw direction.
  • the labial side of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a traction part 14, and the corresponding posterior region of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a retaining attachment. Retaining part 13.
  • the function of the protrusion 12 is to make the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to be aligned when the occlusal weight of the upper and lower jaws is performed, and the occlusal relative position of the upper and lower jaws is more stable.
  • the design of the protrusion 12 It not only has the effect of opening the patient's occlusal on the patient's mandible, but also has an occlusal inducing effect to avoid the limitation of correction in the anterior tooth area.
  • the height of the protrusion 12 perpendicular to the occlusal surface can make the upper jaw shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the posterior mandibular area cooperate to occlude, the lower jaw retracts until the lower incisor and upper incisor tend to be aligned. So as to achieve the effect of inducing mandibular retraction.
  • the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 is made of transparent material, the outer surface of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 (that is, the opposite surface in contact with the teeth) has a certain degree of smoothness, in order to make the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the lower jaw The teeth maintain stability during the occlusal process.
  • the portion of the protrusion 12 facing the occlusal surface of the antagonist dentition is also provided with a friction portion.
  • the friction part is a structure with a frosted surface on the surface, a structure with a convex point on the surface, a structure with a hollow surface, or a structure with a hole surface, one, two or a combination of two or more, for example,
  • the friction portion can be a structure with a combination of frosted and bumps on the surface, and the friction portion can also be a structure with a combination of frosted, bumps and holes on the surface.
  • the surface shape of the friction portion is not specifically limited. Those skilled in the art, according to the stable function of the friction part, can design structures with stable functions in other shapes.
  • the maxillary shell-shaped dental appliance 1 further includes a retaining portion 13, so that the maxillary shell-shaped dental appliance 1 can be buckled with the retaining attachment through the retaining portion 13 to prevent the upper jaw
  • the shell-shaped dental instrument 1 falls off from its mating tooth.
  • the labial and/or buccal surface of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 is provided with a retaining portion 13, and the retaining portion 13 is provided with at least one fixed portion designed to be connected to the teeth. The attachments cooperate to complete the retention.
  • the retaining portion 13 has at least two surfaces, and the outer surface of each retaining portion 13 is arranged at a certain angle with the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1.
  • the retaining portion 13 may It includes a first curved surface and a second curved surface.
  • the first curved surface and the second curved surface are enclosed to form a retention accessory accommodating space with one end open and the other closed.
  • the first curved surface and the second curved surface have the same bending direction, and the first curved surface and the second curved surface have the same bending direction.
  • the curvature of the two curved surfaces is different.
  • the retention accessory can be arranged in the retention accessory accommodating space to realize the retention force between the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the teeth, and the curvature of the first curved surface is different from that of the second curved surface, which increases its rigidity. Position power.
  • the angle formed by the tangent direction of any point on the first curved surface and the tangent direction of any point on the second curved surface is an acute angle, which can increase the contact area and retention force of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument with the teeth.
  • the force surface of the retaining portion 13 on the tooth-retaining attachment is perpendicular to the traction direction, thereby increasing The retention force between the large maxillary shell dental instrument 1 and the teeth.
  • the depth of covering the teeth in different positions of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 is different.
  • the buccal surface and/or the lingual surface of the posterior teeth are provided with retention attachments, so the retaining portion 13 is also correspondingly provided on the buccal and/or lingual surface of the posterior teeth of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 .
  • a traction part 14 is designed on the surface of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 facing away from the inside of the cavity. In some embodiments, through the design of the traction part 14, the designed maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 achieves extramaxillary traction through the traction part 14, as shown in FIG. 4. The traction part 14 can be subsequently added to the shell-shaped body 11. The specific shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a structure for cooperating with the traction part 14.
  • the structure of the cooperating installation may be: the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 is provided with a traction Or the inner surface and outer surface of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 are fitted with the traction part 14 by clamping, or the structure of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the traction part 14 is bonded structure. It is also possible to select a corresponding design method according to the complexity of the structure of the traction part 14, such as a lamination method, or a 3D direct printing method.
  • the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 is provided with a retaining part 13 and a traction part 14, which can cooperate to perform traction connection with the front retractor or the inter-jaw traction member during extra-maxillary traction, and the traction part draws the shell-shaped body 11 drives the teeth to move.
  • the traction part 14 acts as the force applying side.
  • the retention part 13 interacts with the retention attachment as a whole.
  • As the force receiving side of the traction part 14, its force direction is perpendicular to the force application direction generated by the traction part 14 to avoid shell shape.
  • the body 11 deforms and dislocates from the teeth during the traction process.
  • the interaction of the protrusion 12, the traction part 14 and the retention part 13 makes the jaw deformity correction system complete the effect of jaw remodeling and occlusal reconstruction.
  • the protrusion 12 and the lower jaw The posterior area cooperates with the occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to be aligned;
  • the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw;
  • the retention part 13 and the retention attachment are snapped to prevent The maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 falls off from its mating tooth.
  • the system for correcting concave jaw deformities may further include: horizontally expanding the arch to improve the occlusal relationship.
  • the height of the protrusions 12 provided on the different maxillary shell-shaped dental instruments 1 gradually decreases as the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 changes during the reshaping of the jawbone.
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the initial position to the treatment target position, so that the jaw bone correction and the tooth correction can be performed simultaneously.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities, as shown in FIG. 4, and the system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities provided by the partial embodiments also includes: mandibular shell dentistry Instrument 2.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 includes: a shell-shaped body 20 having a cavity for accommodating a number of mandibular teeth. While the jaw bone is orthopedic and reshaped, the shape of the anterior tooth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 gradually changes , So that the corresponding tooth is gradually lowered from the initial position to the correcting target position.
  • the upper and lower jaws wear shell-shaped dental instruments at the same time, that is, as shown in Figure 4, the upper jaw wears the upper jaw shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the lower jaw wears the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2, thereby achieving simultaneous upper and lower jaws.
  • Orthodontics specifically, when the maxillary orthopedic and dental orthodontics are performed simultaneously, the mandibular shell-shaped dental appliance 2 also performs the orthodontic treatment of the lower jaw teeth.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental appliance 2 further includes a limiting part.
  • the limiting part is an opening 21 or a protrusion facing the opposite jaw, and the opening 21 refers to the position of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 corresponding to the protrusion 12 designed for the upper jaw shell-shaped dental instrument 1.
  • the protrusion refers to the protrusion designed at the position of the protrusion 12 of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 2 corresponding to the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 when the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the lower jaw shell-shaped dental instrument 2 occlude
  • the protrusions 12 of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 are limited to the protrusions of the lower shell-shaped dental instrument 2.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 is also designed to be convex at the position of the convex part 12 designed for the upper jaw shell-shaped dental instrument 1, in order to increase the friction between the two, in some embodiments, the convex part is configured to the upper jaw shell.
  • the protruding part of the dental instrument 1 is provided with a reinforcing part that increases friction with the dental instrument 1 of the maxillary shell.
  • the reinforcing part is a structure with a frosted surface, a structure with a convex point on the surface, or a structure with a hollow surface, a combination of two or more, for example, the reinforcing part may be a structure with a surface Combination structure of matte and bumps.
  • the protrusion 12 is limited to In the opening 21, the occlusal reconstruction of the upper and lower jaws is carried out, and at the same time, the mandibular incisors and the upper incisors tend to be aligned, and the relative position of the upper and lower jaws is more stable.
  • the design of the protrusion 12 can not only open the patient’s occlusion to the lower jaw of the patient.
  • the traction part 14 when used in conjunction with the external front retractor, the traction force is increased to complete the reverse traction of the upper jaw.
  • the retaining portion 13 can also cooperate with the traction portion 14.
  • the traction part 14 pulls the shell-shaped body 11 to drive the tooth to move.
  • the traction part 14 acts as the force applying side.
  • the retaining part 13 interacts with the retention attachment as the force receiving side of the traction part.
  • the direction is perpendicular to the direction of force generated by the traction part 14 to avoid deformation and dislocation of the shell-shaped body 11 from the teeth during the traction process.
  • system for correcting concave jaw deformities can also include horizontal expansion to improve the occlusal relationship, as shown in FIG. 5.
  • the shape of the anterior area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually depressed from the initial position to the target position for correction.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 anterior teeth
  • the shape of the zone is gradually reduced.
  • the height of the protrusions 12 provided on different maxillary shell-shaped dental instruments 1 can be designed to be gradually reduced. This is only a better implementation solution for some examples.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide an orthodontic system for maxillary concave deformities.
  • the orthodontic system for maxillary concave deformities provided by this partial embodiment also includes: maxillary shell-shaped dental instruments 1.
  • the first intermaxillary traction member 31 and the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 are provided on the second intermaxillary traction member 32. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the first intermaxillary traction member 31 and the second intermaxillary traction member
  • the elastic member 33 is connected to allow the upper and lower teeth to adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the first intermaxillary traction member 31 and the second intermaxillary traction member 32 can be used for class III intermaxillary traction, which can be
  • the attachment of the upper and lower jaw dentition is replaced, that is, the retention attachment is removed from the tooth, and the attachment is suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as the traction part for class III intermaxillary traction.
  • the posterior teeth of the mandibular dentition can be moved far, which can better realize the overall adduction of the lower dentition, and can achieve fine adjustment of the upper and lower occlusion.
  • the first inter-jaw traction member 31 and the second inter-jaw traction member 32 cooperate with the elastic member 33 to achieve traction, wherein the elastic member 33 may be an elastic cord or a spring used in the mouth.
  • the structural design of the first inter-jaw traction member 31 and the second inter-jaw traction member 32 can refer to the form of the aforementioned traction unit 14, and can also be other auxiliary devices capable of generating a hooking effect, and will not be described in detail here.
  • a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11 the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a number of cavities for accommodating teeth, and the position of the posterior region corresponding to the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with protrusions 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw ,
  • the labial side of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a traction part 14, the corresponding posterior area of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a retention part 13 that is buckled with the retention accessory;
  • the protrusion 12 cooperates with the mandibular posterior area for occlusal reconstruction , To make the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to align;
  • the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw; and the shape of the anterior area of the maxillary shell-like dental instrument 1 gradually changes to make the corresponding teeth from the initial The positions are gradually aligned to the treatment target position, and the height of the protrusion 12 provided on the max
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 includes: a shell-shaped body 20 having a cavity for accommodating a number of mandibular teeth.
  • the anterior teeth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 The shape of the tooth changes gradually, so that the corresponding tooth is gradually lowered from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • the first intermaxillary traction element 31 and the second intermaxillary traction element 32 can be used for class III intermaxillary traction, and the upper and lower jaw teeth can be performed according to the needs of correction. Replacement of the accessories in the column, that is, the retention accessories are removed from the teeth, and the accessories suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as the traction part for class III intermaxillary traction, are replaced.
  • the first intermaxillary traction member 31 provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the second intermaxillary traction member 32 provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 are the first intermaxillary traction member after the reshaping of the jawbone. 31 and the second inter-jaw traction member 32 are connected by an elastic member 33, so that the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a system for the treatment of concave jaw deformities.
  • the system for treatment of concave jaw deformities provided by this partial embodiment also includes: a mandibular shell shape
  • the intramandibular traction element 52 can be used for class I intramandibular traction, that is, an anchor 51 is implanted in the upper jaw or the lower jaw.
  • an anchor 51 is implanted in the upper jaw or the lower jaw.
  • Such as implant anchor nails, the anchor implant and the maxillary traction member are hooked in the same jaw or the anchor implant and the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument can be hooked, such as a traction hook, through an elastic member ,
  • intraoral correction with rubber bands to achieve Class I intramaxillary traction.
  • the posterior teeth of the mandibular dentition can be moved far, which can better realize the overall adduction of the lower dentition, and can achieve fine adjustment of the upper and lower occlusion.
  • anchorage is a basis to provide orthodontic power.
  • the anchorage part is mainly composed of non-corrected teeth, and the palate and alveolar can also be used as anchorage parts.
  • the anchorage part of the teeth is subjected to the opposite direction force generated by the orthodontic force, that is, the anchorage force.
  • the anchorage is divided into: internal jaw anchorage, intermaxillary anchorage and extramaxillary anchorage.
  • the intramandibular anchorage is used.
  • implant anchors There are many structural solutions for implant anchors. The main function of some embodiments of this application is to make the lower dentition adduct as a whole, so as to achieve fine adjustment of the upper and lower occlusion. effect.
  • the correction system for concave jaw deformities includes:
  • An upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11 the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a plurality of cavities for accommodating teeth, and the position of the posterior region corresponding to the shell-shaped body 11 protrudes toward the opposite jaw
  • the protruding portion 12, the lip side of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a traction portion 14, and the corresponding posterior tooth area of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a retaining portion 13 that is buckled with a retaining accessory;
  • the protruding portion 12 Cooperate with the posterior area of the mandible to perform occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to align;
  • the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone; and the maxillary shell dentistry
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the instrument 1 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 includes: a shell-shaped body 20 that accommodates a number of mandibular teeth.
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 is at the same time as the jawbone is reshaped. Gradually change, so that the corresponding tooth is gradually lowered from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • the intramandibular traction element 52 can be used for class I intramandibular traction.
  • the accessories of the upper and lower jaw dentition can be replaced according to the needs of the correction, that is, the retention accessories are changed from
  • the teeth are removed and replaced with accessories suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as the traction piece for class I intra-mandibular traction.
  • the intramandibular traction member 52 is provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 and the implant anchor 51 is provided on the mandibular alveolar bone. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the implant anchor 51 interacts with the intramandibular traction member.
  • the member 52 is connected by the elastic member 53, so that the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the system for treatment of maxillary concave deformities also includes: a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 are set. After the jawbone is reshaped, the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 41 and the second interaction
  • the traction member 42 is connected by the elastic member 43, so that the posterior teeth can release the jaw. Specifically, the main goal is to release the jaw opening in the future.
  • the upper and lower interactive traction can be used to reduce the opening degree of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 of the upper and lower jaws can be The traction members that generate the hooking force are respectively arranged on the buccal and lingual sides of the upper and lower jaws, or on the lingual or buccal sides of the upper and lower jaws, that is, the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 are respectively arranged on the upper and lower jaws. Different sides of the buccal and lingual sides of the lower jaw.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 is arranged on the buccal side of the upper jaw
  • the second interactive traction member 42 is arranged on the lingual side of the lower jaw
  • the second interactive traction member 42 is arranged on the lingual side of the lower jaw.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 is arranged on the buccal side of the lower jaw.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 can be connected by an elastic member 43 to achieve The interactive traction of the upper and lower jaws reduces the degree of jaw opening.
  • the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 may be a piece of traction member arranged in one dental zone, or multiple traction elements arranged in multiple dental zones. .
  • the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 can be arranged according to the jaw opening situation to set the specific position of the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42, and set Number. Therefore, the subsequent mention of "a” such as "a first interactive traction member 41/a second interactive traction member 42" is only an imaginary number, and does not limit the number of its traction members.
  • the positions of the tooth regions where the first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 are set in the drawings are only an example, and not limited thereto.
  • An upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11 the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a plurality of cavities for accommodating teeth, and the position of the posterior region corresponding to the shell-shaped body 11 protrudes toward the opposite jaw
  • the protruding part 12 the outer surface of the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a traction part 14 on the labial side contacting the teeth, and the rear tooth region corresponding to the shell-shaped body 11 is provided with a retaining part 13 that is buckled with a retaining accessory
  • the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandibular teeth for occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisors tend to align with the maxillary incisors;
  • the traction section 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone; and
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 includes: a shell-shaped body 20 having a cavity for accommodating a number of mandibular teeth.
  • the anterior teeth area of the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 The shape of the tooth changes gradually, so that the corresponding tooth is gradually lowered from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • the first interactive traction member 41 on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the second interactive traction member 42 on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 are set.
  • the interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 are connected by an elastic member 43 to release the jaw from the posterior teeth.
  • the intermaxillary traction element can be used for class III intermaxillary traction, and the attachment of the upper and lower dentition can be replaced according to the needs of the correction, that is, the retention attachment is removed from the tooth, and the replacement is applicable
  • Accessories for fine adjustment of occlusion such as traction parts for class III inter-jaw traction.
  • the second interactive traction member 42 is connected with the elastic member 43 to adjust the occlusal relationship between the upper and lower teeth.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity.
  • FIG. 12 is a flowchart of a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity provided by some of the above embodiments. Combined with Figures 1 to 5, the design method includes the following steps:
  • S110 Design an upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11, and adjust the shape of the anterior region of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior region are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, and the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor are reconstructed. Tend to align
  • a retaining portion 13 is provided on the protrusion portion 12 to wrap the corresponding tooth portion, and the retaining portion 13 is buckled with the retaining attachment provided on the tooth;
  • a traction part 14 is provided on the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 where the outer surface is in contact with the teeth, and the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone;
  • the height of the protrusion 12 provided on the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 in the vertical direction of the occlusal surface can make the upper and lower shell-shaped dental instruments 1 and the mandibular shell-shaped dental instruments 2 perform occlusal reconstruction of the upper and lower jaws while making The mandibular incisors tend to align with the maxillary incisors, and the occlusal position of the upper and lower jaws is more stable.
  • the design of the raised portion 12 not only has the effect of opening the patient’s occlusal on the patient’s lower jaw, but also has an occlusal induction effect to avoid the anterior teeth area. Of treatment limitations.
  • the contact area and retention force of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the teeth can be increased.
  • the retention part 13 can also cooperate with the traction part 14.
  • the traction part 14 is traction
  • the shell-shaped body 11 drives the teeth to move, the traction part 14 acts as the force applying side, and the integral interaction between the retention part 13 and the retention attachment acts as the force receiving side of the traction part 14.
  • the force direction is perpendicular to the force application direction generated by the traction part 14 to avoid The shell-shaped body 14 deforms and dislocates from the teeth during the pulling process.
  • the provided design method designed the correction system for concave jaw deformity, which forces the protruding mandible to retreat to the upper and lower anterior cuts, and on this basis, the upper jaw reverse traction is applied to finally achieve the goal of jaw reconstruction and occlusal reconstruction. , Realize the simultaneous orthopedic treatment, and further realize the efficient invisible treatment of concave deformity.
  • the maxillary concave deformity correction system is designed for the entire concave deformity treatment process with high efficiency and invisible treatment.
  • the system includes a transparent shell-shaped body 11 and an anatomical/non-anatomical jaw pad, with a specially designed accessory (such as a retainer 13), which makes the mandible recede to the anterior incisor after wearing.
  • the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior area of the mandible for occlusal reconstruction, so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor tend to align; the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-mandibular reverse traction to achieve the goal of jaw remodeling and occlusal reconstruction; and the maxillary shell
  • the shape of the anterior tooth area of the dental instrument 1 gradually changes, so that the corresponding teeth are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction.
  • the height of the protrusion 12 provided on the dental shell of the maxillary dental instrument 1 is as high as that of the dental instrument 1 of the maxillary shell. The changes in the shape of the anterior teeth are gradually reduced, and the correction of the teeth is achieved while achieving the correction.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity.
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart of a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity according to some of the above embodiments. Combined with Figures 1 to 5, the design method includes the following steps:
  • S210 Design an upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11, adjust the shape of the anterior area of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1, so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior area are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, and the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor are reconstructed. Tend to align
  • a retaining portion 13 is provided on the protrusion portion 12 to wrap the corresponding tooth portion, and the retaining portion 13 is buckled with the retaining attachment provided on the tooth;
  • a traction part 14 is provided on the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 where the outer surface is in contact with the teeth, and the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone;
  • the upper and lower jaws wear shell-shaped dental instruments at the same time to achieve simultaneous correction of the upper and lower jaws.
  • the mandibular shell-shaped dental instruments 2 also perform the correction of the mandibular teeth when the maxillary orthopedic and dental correction are performed simultaneously. .
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity.
  • FIG. 14 is a flowchart of a method for designing a system for orthodontic jaw deformity provided by some of the above embodiments. .
  • the design method includes the following steps:
  • S310 Design a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body 11, and adjust the shape of the anterior region of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior region are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, and the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor are reconstructed. Tend to align
  • a retaining portion 13 is provided on the part of the protruding portion 12 that wraps the corresponding tooth, and the retaining portion 13 is buckled with the retaining attachment provided on the tooth;
  • a traction part 14 is provided on the labial side surface of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 where the teeth are in contact with the teeth, and the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extra-maxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone;
  • the intermaxillary traction element includes a first intermaxillary traction element 31 on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and a second intermaxillary traction element 32 on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2, and the jaw is orthopedic After the remodeling, the first inter-jaw traction member 31 and the second inter-jaw traction member 32 are connected to allow the upper and lower teeth to adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the first intermaxillary traction member 31 and the second intermaxillary traction member 31 can be used.
  • the traction element 32 performs Class III intermaxillary traction, and can replace the attachments of the upper and lower jaw dentition according to the needs of correction, that is, remove the retention attachment from the teeth, and replace it with an attachment suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as the traction of Class III intermaxillary traction. Pieces.
  • the posterior teeth of the mandibular dentition can be moved far, which can better realize the overall adduction of the lower dentition, and can achieve fine adjustment of the upper and lower occlusion.
  • some embodiments of the present application also provide a method for designing a system for orthodontic concave deformity.
  • Figure 15 is a flowchart of the method for designing a system for orthodontic jaw deformity provided by some of the above embodiments. .
  • the design method includes the following steps:
  • S410 Design an upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body, and adjust the shape of the anterior region of the upper shell-shaped dental instrument 1 so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior region are gradually aligned from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, and the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor are reconstructed. Tend to align
  • a retaining portion 13 is provided on the protrusion portion 12 to wrap the corresponding tooth portion, and the retaining portion 13 is buckled with the retaining attachment provided on the tooth;
  • a traction part 14 is provided on the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 where the outer surface is in contact with the teeth, and the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary external reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone;
  • An intramandibular traction member is set on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 and an implant anchor 51 is set on the mandibular alveolar bone. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the implant anchor 51 and the intramandibular traction member 52 pass through the elastic member 53 connection allows the upper and lower teeth to adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the intramandibular traction element 52 can be used for class I intramandibular traction.
  • the accessories of the upper and lower jaw dentition can be replaced according to the needs of the correction, that is, the retention accessories are changed from
  • the teeth are removed and replaced with accessories suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as the traction piece for class I intra-mandibular traction.
  • the intramandibular traction member 52 is provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 and the implant anchor 51 is provided on the mandibular alveolar bone. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the implant anchor 51 interacts with the intramandibular traction member.
  • the member 52 is connected by the elastic member 53, so that the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • FIG. 16 is a flow chart of the calculation method of the system for correcting jaw deformities provided by some of the above embodiments.
  • S510 Design a maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 with a shell-shaped body, and adjust the shape of the dental zone in front of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, so that the teeth corresponding to the anterior zone gradually line up from the initial position to the target position for correction;
  • a protrusion 12 protruding toward the opposite jaw is provided at the position of the posterior region corresponding to the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1, and the protrusion 12 cooperates with the posterior region of the mandible to achieve occlusal reconstruction so that the mandibular incisor and the maxillary incisor are reconstructed. Tend to align
  • a retaining portion 13 is provided on the part of the protruding portion 12 that wraps the corresponding tooth, and the retaining portion 13 is buckled with the retaining attachment provided on the tooth;
  • a traction part 14 is provided on the labial side of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 where the outer surface is in contact with the teeth, and the traction part 14 cooperates with the maxillary extramaxillary reverse traction to reshape the jaw bone;
  • S550 The height of the protrusion 12 provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 gradually decreases as the shape of the anterior tooth area of the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 changes;
  • a first interactive traction member 41 is provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and a second interactive traction member 42 is provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2. After the jaw bone is reshaped, the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship. The first interactive traction member 41 and the second interactive traction member 42 are connected, so that the posterior teeth can release the jaw;
  • the intermaxillary traction element includes a first intermaxillary traction element 31 on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and a second intermaxillary traction element 32 on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2. Jaw orthopedics After the remodeling, the first inter-jaw traction member 31 and the second inter-jaw traction member 32 are connected to allow the upper and lower teeth to adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the main goal is to release the jaw after the teeth are opened. If the jaw opening is larger, the design method of the correction system for the jaw concave deformity can also be designed in conjunction with the upper and lower interactive traction.
  • the first intermaxillary traction member 41 provided on the maxillary shell-shaped dental instrument 1 and the second intermaxillary traction member 42 provided on the mandibular shell-shaped dental instrument 2 are the first intermaxillary traction member 41 after the reshaping of the jawbone. It is connected with the second inter-jaw traction member 42 through an elastic member 43, so that the upper and lower teeth adjust the occlusal relationship.
  • the intermaxillary traction element can be used for class III intermaxillary traction, and the upper and lower dentition can be attached according to the needs of orthodontics.
  • Replacement means removing the retaining attachment from the tooth and replacing it with an attachment suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion, such as a type III intermaxillary traction.
  • an attachment suitable for fine adjustment of the occlusion such as a type III intermaxillary traction.

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Abstract

本申请的部分实施例公开了一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法，其中矫治***包括：一具有壳状本体(11)的上颌壳状牙科器械(1)，壳状本体(11)对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部(12)，壳状本体(11)唇侧面设有牵引部(14)，壳状本体(11)对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部(13)；凸起部(12)与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；牵引部(14)配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；固位部(13)与固位附件卡扣防止上颌壳状牙科器械(1)从其配合的牙齿上脱落。设计方法为上述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，能够设计出具有治疗针对性的矫治***，实现颌位性凹面畸形的治疗。

Description

一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法
交叉引用
本申请引用于2019年9月20日递交的名称为“一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法”的第2019108978782号中国专利申请，其通过引用被全部并入本申请。
技术领域
本申请的部分实施例涉及医疗器械技术领域，更确切的说涉及牙齿矫治设计技术，尤其涉及一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法。
背景技术
错颌畸形是指在儿童生长发育过程中，由先天的遗传因素或后天的环境因素，如疾病、口腔不良习惯、替牙障碍等，也可在生长发育后因外伤、牙周病等原因造成的如牙齿排列不齐、上下牙弓牙合关系的异常、颌骨大小形态位置的异常、面部畸形等。错颌畸形的形成因素和机制是错综复杂的，其发生过程可能由单一因素及单一机制在起作用，也可能是多种因素或多种机制共同作用的结果。从错颌畸形形成的时间上来划分，错颌畸形的病因可分为先天性因素和后天性因素两大类，但是针对个体错颌畸形发生机制的角度来说，错颌畸形的病因可分为内在的遗传因素和外界的环境因素。
颌位性凹面畸形主要用于下颌惯性前伸引起，上颌呈轻度发育不足，下颌形态较佳，成扁平正方形。恒牙列早期，前牙深度反覆合、反覆盖，磨牙和尖牙呈近中关系，即为后牙完全近中，尖牙近中，上颌尖牙与下颌尖牙对齐。
颌位性凹面畸形的重要临床特征是下颌可以被强制后退至上下前牙切对切，后牙开合是因为下颌深spee曲线造成。
安氏三类错颌是由于上下颌骨及牙弓的近、远中关系不调，下颌及下牙弓处于近中位置，磨牙为近中关系；如果下颌前移1/4个磨牙或半个前磨牙的距离，即上第一恒磨牙的近中颊尖与下第一恒磨牙的远中颊尖相对时，称为轻度近中错颌关系或开始近中错颌。若下颌或下牙弓处于更加近中的位置，以至于上颌第一恒磨牙的近中颊尖咬合于下颌第一与第二恒磨牙之间，则称为完全近中错颌，三类错颌可表现为前牙对颌、反颌或开颌、上颌后缩或 下颌前突等。其部分病例中所表现出的面部改变就是面部为凹面畸形。
凹面畸形可分为齿槽性、颌位性和骨源性凹面畸形，其中齿槽性凹面畸形的临床表现为侧面成轻微凹面，正面观鼻旁区无塌陷下颌陡度正常，前牙反覆盖较小，磨牙轻度近中关系，其主要由齿槽局部因素引起的，上颌骨较正常，下颌形态较佳呈长方形。
颌位性凹面畸形的临床表现为侧面观明显凹面，下颌陡度正常，前牙反覆盖大反覆合深，下颌后退至前牙区上下颌切牙对齐，磨牙近中关系，其主要由下颌惯性前伸，上颌发育不足，反颌主要有颌位因素引起，上颌骨轻度后缩，下颌形态较佳，呈长方形。
骨源性凹面畸形又分为三种：上颌源型、下颌源型和上下源型，其中上颌源型的临床表现为侧面观凹面较明显，正面观鼻旁区塌陷明显，下颌陡度正常，前牙反覆盖较大，后牙区覆盖较小，磨牙近中关系，其主要由上颌全方位发于不足，齿槽与基骨呈反向代偿，形成牙槽与基骨移行处凹陷，上颌发于不足，下颌形态较佳，呈长方形；下颌源型的临床表现为上颌较正常，下颌平面陡度较大，凹面明显，前牙反颌覆盖较小，后牙区呈反覆盖，磨牙呈近中关系，其主要由下颌全方位发于过度，齿槽与颌骨呈反向代偿，导致下前牙直立或舌倾，上颌骨轻度后缩下颌形态不佳，成厚重三角形，浅凹向后收敛，深凹向前突挺；上下源型的临床表现为侧面观上缩下突，正面观鼻旁区凹陷，前牙反覆盖较小，后牙区呈反覆盖，磨牙呈完全近中关系，其主要由上颌全方位发育不足，下颌全方位发育过度，上颌骨后缩明显，下颌形态不佳，呈厚重三角形，浅凹向后收敛，深凹向前突挺。
发明内容
本申请的部分实施例的目的在于，提供一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，采用壳状牙科器械与辅助装置配合，划分不同的矫治阶段，逐步实现颌位性凹面畸形的矫治，在不影响矫治效果的前提下，提高患者佩戴的舒适性。
本发明还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，根据实际的矫治阶段设置颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，根据不同的矫治阶段，设计不同的壳状牙科器械与辅助装置配合，达到最终的矫治效果。
本申请的部分实施例提供的技术方案如下：
一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，包括：一具有壳状本体的上颌壳状牙科器械，其特征在于，所述壳状本体上设有若干容纳牙齿的空腔，所述壳状本体对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部，所述壳状本体外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设有牵引部，所述壳状本体对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部；
所述凸起部与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；所述牵引部配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；以及
所述上颌壳状牙科器械的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，所述上颌壳状牙科器械上设置的凸起部的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括下颌壳状牙科器械，所述下颌壳状牙科器械包括容纳若干下颌牙齿的腔体壳状本体，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械上设置的第一颌间牵引件和下颌壳状牙科器械上设置的第二颌间牵引件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件和所述第二颌间牵引件通过弹性件连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，在一些实施例中，当开颌较大时，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械上设置的第一交互牵引件和下颌壳状牙科器械上设置的第二交互牵引件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，所述第一交互牵引件和第二交互牵引件通过弹性件连接，使后牙解除开颌。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述下颌壳状牙科器械后牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐整体内收至矫治目标位置。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：在下颌壳状牙科器械上设置的颌内牵引件和在下颌牙槽骨上设置的种植支抗件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件与颌内牵引件通过弹性件连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述凸起部面向对颌牙列咬合面的部分设有咬合重建时增加上下颌稳定接触的摩擦部。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述摩擦部为与对颌牙齿咬合面凹凸匹配的结构、为与对颌牙齿咬合面咬合匹配的结构、为具有磨砂表面的结构、为具有凸点的结构、为具有镂空表面的结构或为具有孔洞表面的结构中的一种、两种或多种的组合。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述固位部具有至少两个外表面，每个所述固位部的外表面与所述上颌壳状牙科器械的唇侧面呈一定夹角设置。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述固位部包括第一曲面和第二曲面，所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面围合形成一端开口另一端封闭的固位附件容置空间，所述第一曲面与所述第二曲 面的弯曲方向相同，且所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面的曲率不同。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述第一曲面上任一点的切线方向与所述第二曲面任一点的切线方向形成的夹角为锐角。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，包括如下步骤：
设计一具有壳状本体的上颌壳状牙科器械，调整所述上颌壳状牙科器械的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
在上颌壳状牙科器械对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部，所述凸起部与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
在所述凸起部包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部，所述固位部与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
在所述上颌壳状牙科器械外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部，所述牵引部配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
其中，所述上颌壳状牙科器械上设置的凸起部的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述设计方法还包括设计下颌壳状牙科器械，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述设计方法还包括：在上颌壳状牙科器械上设置第一颌间牵引件和在下颌壳状牙科器械上设置第二颌间牵引件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件和所述第二颌间牵引件连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述设计方法还包括：在上颌壳状牙科器械上设置第一交互牵引件和在下颌壳状牙科器械上设置第二交互牵引件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，所述第一交互牵引件和第二交互牵引件连接，使后牙解除开颌。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述下颌壳状牙科器械设计为后牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐整体内收至矫治目标位置。
另外，在一些实施例中，所述设计方法还包括：在下颌壳状牙科器械上设置颌内牵引件和在下颌牙槽骨上设置种植支抗件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件与颌内牵引件通过弹性件连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
通过本申请的部分实施例所以提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***及其设计方法，所带 来的有益效果如下：
1)本申请的部分实施例提供了一颌位性凹面畸形的整体矫治***，凸起部与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；牵引部配合上颌颌外反向牵引，达到颌骨重塑咬合重建的目标；以及上颌壳状牙科器械前牙区形状逐渐变化使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，上颌壳状牙科器械上设置的凸起部高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小，矫形的同时实现牙齿的矫治。
2)颌骨矫形重塑之后，即在改善上下颌的咬合重建后，实现上下颌的咬合精细调整，调整上下颌牙齿的咬合关系，需要时进行下颌牙列后牙远移，实现下牙列整体内收，最终实现颌位性凹面畸形的矫治。
附图说明
下面将以明确易懂的方式，结合附图说明优选实施方式，对上述特性、技术特征、优点及其实现方式予以进一步说明。
图1为本申请部分实施例中颌位性凹面畸形矫治***中初始牙颌的示例图；
图2为本申请部分实施例中设置颌垫和固位部的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***佩戴使用示例图；
图3为本申请部分实施例中设置前方牵引的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***佩戴使用示例图；
图4为本申请部分实施例中颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示例图；
图5为本申请部分实施例中进行扩弓的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示例图；
图6为本申请部分实施例中颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示例图；
图7为本申请部分实施例中另一颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示例图；
图8为本申请部分实施例中另一颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示例图；
图9为本申请部分实施例中包含上颌壳状牙科器械仰视和上颌壳状牙科器械俯视在内的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的示视图；
图10为本申请部分实施例中颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的部分剖示示例图；
图11为本申请部分实施例中颌位性凹面畸形矫治***中矫治后牙颌的示例图；
图12为本申请部分实施例的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图；
图13为本申请部分实施例的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图；
图14为本申请部分实施例的另一颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图；
图15为本申请部分实施例的另一颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图；
图16为本申请部分实施例的另一颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图。
具体实施例
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对照附图说明本发明的具体实施方式。显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图，并获得其他的实施方式。
目前，对于凹面畸形的病例，全程采用隐形矫治器治疗，需要借助其他的牙科辅助设备完成，如前方牵引器和牵引钩等，在此过程中隐形矫治器的形状会发生相应的变化，而针对凹面畸形的隐形矫治器的设计方法所制备出的隐形矫治器，如果直接在隐形矫治器上设计牙科辅助设备，对于添加的牙科辅助设备的类型及位置无法进行治疗效果的预测，直接制备出后给患者佩戴，其矫治结果仅凭临床医生的临床经验决定，所以存在治疗风险，因此在隐性矫治器上进行改进并且能够达到预期的治疗效果上进行不同矫治效果的验证，能够有效的降低治疗风险。
在牙齿矫治领域，目前还没有采用隐形矫治器的手段应用于治疗颌位性凹面畸形的全面矫治，因此，使用隐形牙齿矫治的方法治疗颌位性凹面畸形具有重要的意义。
基于此，本申请的部分实施例提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***，颌位性凹面畸形主要针对的是下颌惯性前伸引起，上颌呈轻中度发育不足，下颌形态较佳呈扁长方形。颌位性凹面畸形的临床矫治特征是下颌可以被强制后退至上下前牙切对切，后牙开颌是因为下颌深spee曲线造成。请参阅图1，其为初始牙颌的示例图。在部分实施例中，最核心之处在于使前伸的下颌强迫后退至上下前牙切对切，在此基础上应用上颌反向牵引，最后达到颌骨重塑咬合重建的目标，实现矫形矫治同步进行，更进一步实现凹面畸形高效隐形治疗。
请参阅图2-图4，颌位性凹面畸形矫治***是针对整个凹面畸形高效隐形治疗过程而设置的。在部分实施例中，***包括透明壳状本体上11和解剖式/非解剖式颌垫，配合特殊设计的附件，如，参见图2所示，固位部13包裹的固位附件，佩戴后使得下颌后退至前牙切对切。凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；参见图3所示，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，达到颌骨重塑咬合重建的目标；以及上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变 化逐渐减小，实现矫形的同时实现牙齿的矫治。
还请参阅图2-图5，颌位性凹面畸形矫治***包括：一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1，壳状本体11上设有若干容纳牙齿的空腔，壳状本体11对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部12，壳状本体11的唇侧面设有牵引部14，壳状本体11对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部13。
其中，如图4所示，凸起部12的作用是进行上下颌的咬合重时，使得下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐，上下颌的咬合相对位置更加稳定，凸起部12的设计不仅能够对患者的下颌具有打开患者的咬合的效果，还具有咬合诱导作用，避免前牙区的矫治限制。更具体地说，凸起部12与咬合面垂直方向的设置高度，能够使得上颌壳状牙科器械1和下颌后牙区配合咬合时，下颌后缩至下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐，从而达到诱导下颌后缩的功效。由于上颌壳状牙科器械1是由透明材料制成，因此，上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面(即为与牙齿接触的反面)具有一定的光滑度，为了使上颌壳状牙科器械1与下颌牙齿在咬合过程中保持稳定性，在部分实施例中，凸起部12面向对颌牙列咬合面的部分还设有摩擦部。
具体的，摩擦部为表面具有磨砂表面的结构、为表面具有凸点的结构、为具有镂空表面的结构或为具有孔洞表面的结构中的一种、两种或两种以上的组合，如，摩擦部可以为表面具有磨砂和凸点组合的结构，摩擦部还可以为表面为磨砂、凸点和孔洞组合的结构，而在本申请的部分实施例中，对摩擦部的表面形状不作具体限定，本领域技术人员，根据摩擦部实现稳固的功能，可以设计其他形状的具有稳固功能的结构。
另外，在部分实施例中，如图4所示，上颌壳状牙科器械1还包括：固位部13，以使上颌壳状牙科器械1通过固位部13与固位附件卡扣，防止上颌壳状牙科器械1从其配合的牙齿上脱落。并且，在部分实施例中，上颌壳状牙科器械1外侧面的唇侧和/或颊侧表面上设有固位部13，并且所述固位部13设有至少一个与牙齿上设计的固位附件配合完成固位。具体的，固位部13具有至少两个表面，每个所述固位部13的外表面与所述上颌壳状牙科器械1的唇侧面呈一定夹角设置，具体的，固位部13可以包括第一曲面和第二曲面，第一曲面与第二曲面围合形成一端开口另一端封闭的固位附件容置空间，第一曲面与第二曲面的弯曲方向相同，且第一曲面与第二曲面的曲率不同。固位附件可以通过设置在该固位附件容置空间内，实现上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿之间的固位力，且第一曲面与所述第二曲面的曲率不同，增大其固位力。特别是，第一曲面上任一点的切线方向与第二曲面任一点的切线方向形成的夹角为锐角，能够增大上颌壳状牙科器械与牙齿的接触面积和固位力。待上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿接触时，该固位部13与对应牙齿上的固位附件配合卡扣，该固位部13其中 一个表面为增大上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿之间的固位力的表面。
另外，在部分实施例中，根据该上颌壳状牙科器械1对牙齿的牵引方向，在设计固位部13时，固位部13对牙齿固位附件的施力面与牵引方向垂直，从而增大上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿之间的固位力。
另外，根据上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿的配合形态，上颌壳状牙科器械1不同位置包覆牙齿的深度是不同的，为了使固位部13的设计位置最佳，在部分实施例中，后牙区的颊侧表面和/或牙齿舌侧表面设置固位附件，故，固位部13也相应的设置于上颌壳状牙科器械1的后牙区的颊侧表面和/或舌侧表面。
上颌壳状牙科器械1背向空腔内部的一侧表面设计有牵引部14。在部分实施例中，通过牵引部14的设计，使设计的上颌壳状牙科器械1通过牵引部14实现颌外牵引，如图4所示。牵引部14可以后续添加在壳状本体11上，具体的壳状本体11上设置有与牵引部14配合安装的结构，该配合安装的结构可以是：上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置有与牵引部14匹配的孔洞，或者，上颌壳状牙科器械1的内表面与外表面通过卡接的方式与牵引部14配合安装，或者，上颌壳状牙科器械1与牵引部14配合的结构为粘结结构。也可根据牵引部14的结构复杂程度，选择相应的设计方式，如采用压膜方式制作，也可以采用3D直接打印的方式制作。
上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置固位部13和牵引部14，两者配合能够在进行颌外牵引时，牵引部14与前方牵引器或颌间牵引件进行牵引连接，牵引部牵引壳状本体11带动牙齿移动，牵引部14作为施力方，固位部13与固位附件整体相互作用，作为牵引部14的受力方，其受力方向与牵引部14产生的施力方向垂直，避免壳状本体11在牵引的过程中发生形变和与牙齿发生脱位。
综上所述，凸起部12、牵引部14和固位部13的相互作用来使得颌位性凹面畸形矫治***完成颌骨重塑咬合重建的功效，具体地说，凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；固位部13与固位附件卡扣，防止上颌壳状牙科器械1从其配合的牙齿上脱落。
在部分实施例中，如图5所示，颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还可包括：水平向扩弓，改善咬合关系。
随着矫治过程的进行，在颌骨矫形重塑过程中，不同上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小，上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，实现颌骨矫形和 牙齿矫治同步进行。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***，如图4所示，且该部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：下颌壳状牙科器械2，下颌壳状牙科器械2包括：具有容纳若干下颌牙齿的腔体的壳状本体20，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械2的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。并且，在部分实施例中，上下颌同时佩戴壳状牙科器械，即如图4所示，上颌佩戴上颌壳状牙科器械1，而下颌佩戴下颌壳状牙科器械2，从而可实现上下颌的同时矫治，具体的是在上颌进行颌骨矫形和牙齿矫治同步进行时，下颌壳状牙科器械2同样进行下颌牙齿的矫治。
下颌壳状牙科器械2还包括：限位部。其中，如图4所示，限位部为开口21或向对颌方向的凸起，开口21指的是，下颌壳状牙科器械2对应上颌壳状牙科器械1设计的凸起部12的位置设计的开口21，当上颌壳状牙科器械1与下颌壳状牙科器械2咬合时，上颌壳状牙科器械1的凸起部12限位于下颌壳状牙科器械的开口21内。同样的，凸起指的是，下颌壳状牙科器械2对应上颌壳状牙科器械1设计的凸起部12的位置设计的凸起，当上壳状牙科器械1与下颌壳状牙科器械2咬合时，上颌壳状牙科器械1的凸起部12限位于下颌壳状牙科器械2的凸起。当下颌壳状牙科器械2对应上颌壳状牙科器械1设计的凸起部12的位置也设计凸起时，为了增加两者之间的摩擦，在部分实施例中，该凸起部向上颌壳状牙科器械1凸出的部分设有与上颌壳状牙科器械1增大摩擦的加强部。具体的，该加强部为表面具有磨砂表面的结构、为表面具有凸点的结构或为具有镂空表面的结构中的一种、两种或两种以上的组合，如，加强部可以为表面具有磨砂和凸点的组合结构。
当上颌壳状牙科器械1佩戴于患者上颌牙齿，及下颌壳状牙科器械2佩戴于患者下颌牙齿，待上颌壳状牙科器械1与下颌壳状牙科器械2咬合时，则凸起部12限位于开口21内，进行上下颌的咬合重建，同时使得下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐，上下颌的咬合相对位置更加稳定，凸起部12的设计不仅能够对患者的下颌具有打开患者的咬合的效果，还具有咬合诱导作用，避免前牙区的矫治限制。同时，通过牵引部14与外界前方牵引器配合使用时增大牵引力，完成上颌的反向牵引。通过固位部13的设计，能够增大上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿的接触面积和固位力，固位部13还能够与牵引部14配合，在进行牵引时，牵引部14与前方牵引器或颌间牵引件进行牵引连接，牵引部14牵引壳状本体11带动牙齿移动，牵引部14作为施力方，固位部13与固位附件整体相互作用作为牵引部的受力方，其受力方向与牵引部14产生的施力方向垂直，避免壳状本体11在牵引的过程中发生形变和与牙齿发生脱 位。
并且，在部分实施例中，颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还可包括水平向扩弓，改善咬合关系，如图5所示。
需要说明的是，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，下颌壳状牙科器械2前牙区的形状逐渐变化使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置，随着下颌壳状牙科器械2前牙区的形状逐渐压低，对应的，不同上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度可设计逐步减少，这仅是部分实例更佳的实现方案。
另外，本申请部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***，如请参阅图6，该部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一颌间牵引件31和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二颌间牵引件32，颌骨矫形重塑之后，第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件通过弹性件33连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。具体的，经过上颌壳状牙科器械1的骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32进行Ⅲ类颌间牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅲ类颌间牵引的牵引件。还可以根据矫治需要，进行下颌牙列后牙远移，可更好实现下牙列整体内收，可达到上下咬合精细调整。
第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32与弹性件33配合用于实现牵引，其中，弹性件33可以为口内使用的弹性绳或弹簧。第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32的结构设计可参考前述牵引部14的形式，也可以为其它能够产生钩挂作用的辅助装置均可，在此就不再详细说明。
由此不难看出，由于部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***包括：
一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1：壳状本体11上设有若干容纳牙齿的空腔，壳状本体11对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部12，壳状本体11的唇侧面设有牵引部14，壳状本体11对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部13；凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；以及上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
下颌壳状牙科器械2，下颌壳状牙科器械2包括：具有容纳若干下颌牙齿的腔体的壳状本体20，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械2的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使 对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置；
上下颌完成颌骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32进行Ⅲ类颌间牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅲ类颌间牵引的牵引件。具体的，上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一颌间牵引件31和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二颌间牵引件32，颌骨矫形重塑之后，第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32通过弹性件33连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***，请参阅图7所示，该部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***还包括：下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的颌内牵引件52和在下颌牙槽骨上设置的种植支抗件51，颌骨矫形重塑之后，种植支抗件51与颌内牵引件52通过弹性件53连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。具体的，经过上颌壳状牙科器械1的骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用颌内牵引件52进行Ⅰ类颌内牵引，即在上颌或下颌上种植支抗件51，如种植支抗钉，该支抗种植件与上颌牵引件在同颌钩挂或该支抗种植件与该颌壳状牙科器械上设置的可钩挂件，如牵引钩，之间通过弹性件，如口内矫治用橡皮筋连接，实现Ⅰ类颌内牵引。还可以根据矫治需要，进行下颌牙列后牙远移，可更好实现下牙列整体内收，可达到上下咬合精细调整。
正畸矫治过程中，任何施于牙齿使其移动的力必然同时产生一个方向相反、大小相同的力，而支持这种移动矫正牙体引起的反作用力的情况称作"支抗"。实际上支抗是一个提供产生牙齿矫治力的基础。一般在正畸治疗中，支抗部分主要是由非矫治牙组成，腭部及牙槽也可作为支抗部分。支抗部分的牙齿受到矫治力所产生相反方向力即支抗力的作用。支抗分为：颌内支抗、颌间支抗和颌外支抗。在部分实施例中，使用的是颌内支抗，种植支抗件很多种结构方案来实现，本申请部分实施例主要的功能是使下牙列整体内收，以此实现上下咬合精细调整的功效。
由此不难看出，由于上述部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***包括：
一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1：所述壳状本体11上设有若干容纳牙齿的空腔，所述壳状本体11对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部12，所述壳状本体11的唇侧面设有牵引部14，所述壳状本体11对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部13；所述凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；所述牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；以及所述上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，矫治***中的不同所述上 颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
下颌壳状牙科器械2，所述下颌壳状牙科器械2包括：容纳若干下颌牙齿的壳状本体20，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械2的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置；
上下颌完成颌骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用颌内牵引件52进行Ⅰ类颌内牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅰ类颌内牵引的牵引件。具体的，下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的颌内牵引件52和在下颌牙槽骨上设置的种植支抗件51，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件51与颌内牵引件52通过弹性件53连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，请分别参阅图8-图10，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***，该颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一交互牵引件41和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二交互牵引件42，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42通过弹性件43连接，使后牙解除开颌。具体的，以后牙解除开颌为主要目标，如果开颌较大，配合上下交互牵引，减少上下颌的开颌程度，上下颌的第一交互牵引件41、第二交互牵引件42可以为能够产生钩挂力的牵引件，分别设置在上下颌的颊侧和舌侧，或者设置在上下颌的舌侧或颊侧，即第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42分别设置在上下颌的颊侧、舌侧的不同侧，具体的说，第一交互牵引件41设置在上颌的颊侧，第二交互牵引件42设置在下颌的舌侧，或第二交互牵引件42设置在上颌的舌侧，第一交互牵引件41设置在下颌的颊侧，如图8和图10所示，第一交互牵引件41、第二交互牵引件42之间可采用弹性件43连接，实现上下颌的交互牵引，减少开颌程度。
从图8和图9上可知，第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42分别可以是设置在一个牙区的一件牵引件，也可以是设置在多个牙区的多个牵引件。在部分实施例中，第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42可以根据开颌情况，来布局第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42设置牙区的具***置，以及设定个数。因此，后续提到的如“一第一交互牵引件41/一第二交互牵引件42”等“一”仅是虚数，并非限定其牵引件数量。同理，附图上的第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42设置的牙区所在位置，也仅是举例，并非局限于此。
由此不难看出，由于上述部分实施例所提供颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***包括：
一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1：所述壳状本体11上设有若干容纳牙齿的 空腔，所述壳状本体11对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部12，所述壳状本体11的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设有牵引部14，所述壳状本体11对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部13；所述凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；所述牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；以及所述上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，所述上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
下颌壳状牙科器械2，下颌壳状牙科器械2包括：具有容纳若干下颌牙齿的腔体的壳状本体20，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械2的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置；
颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，设置上颌壳状牙科器械1上的第一交互牵引件41和下颌壳状牙科器械2上的第二交互牵引件42，所述第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42通过弹性件43连接，使后牙解除开颌。
在此之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用颌间牵引件进行Ⅲ类颌间牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅲ类颌间牵引的牵引件。具体的，上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一交互牵引件41和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二交互牵引件42，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一交互牵引件41和所述第二交互牵引件42通过弹性件43连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
颌骨矫形重塑之后，即在改善上下颌的咬合重建后，实现上下颌的咬合精细调整，调整上下颌牙齿的咬合关系，需要时进行下颌牙列后牙远移，实现下牙列整体内收，最终实现颌位性凹面畸形的矫治。如图11所示，其为最终实现颌位性凹面畸形的矫治的示例图。
另外，本申请部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法，参阅图12，其为上述部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图。并结合图1至5所示，该设计方法包括如下步骤：
S110:设计一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1，调整上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
S120:在上颌壳状牙科器械1对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部12，凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
S130:在凸起部12包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部13，固位部13与设置在牙齿上的固 位附件扣合；
S140:在上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部14，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
S150:上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12与咬合面垂直方向的设置高度，能够使得上颌壳状牙科器械1和下颌壳状牙科器械2在咬合时，进行上下颌的咬合重建，同时使得下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐，上下颌的咬合相对位置更加稳定，凸起部12的设计不仅能够对患者的下颌具有打开患者的咬合的效果，还具有咬合诱导作用，避免前牙区的矫治限制。同时，通过固位部13的设计，能够增大上颌壳状牙科器械1与牙齿的接触面积和固位力，固位部13还能够与牵引部14配合，在进行牵引时，牵引部14牵引壳状本体11带动牙齿移动，牵引部14作为施力方，固位部13与固位附件整体相互作用作为牵引部14的受力方，其受力方向与牵引部14产生的施力方向垂直，避免壳状本体14在牵引的过程中发生形变和与牙齿发生脱位。
提供的设计方法设计出的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，使前伸的下颌强迫后退至上下前牙切对切，在此基础上应用上颌反向牵引，最后达到颌骨重塑咬合重建的目标，实现矫形矫治同步进行，更进一步实现凹面畸形高效隐形治疗。颌位性凹面畸形矫治***是针对整个凹面畸形高效隐形治疗过程而设置的。在本实施例中，***包括透明的壳状本体11和解剖式/非解剖式颌垫，配合特殊设计的附件(如，固位部13)，佩戴后使得下颌后退至前牙切对切。凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，达到颌骨重塑咬合重建的目标；以及上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小，实现矫形的同时实现牙齿的矫治。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法，参阅图13，其为上述部分实施例所颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图。并结合图1至图5所示，该设计方法包括如下步骤：
S210:设计一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1，调整上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
S220:在上颌壳状牙科器械1对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部12， 凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
S230:在凸起部12包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部13，固位部13与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
S240:在上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部14，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
S250:上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
S260:在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。
该部分实施例中的上下颌同时佩戴壳状牙科器械，实现上下颌的同时矫治，具体的是在上颌进行颌骨矫形和牙齿矫治同步进行时，下颌壳状牙科器械2同样进行下颌牙齿的矫治。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法，参阅图14，其为上述部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图。并结合为图1至图6所示，该设计方法包括如下步骤：
S310:设计一具有壳状本体11的上颌壳状牙科器械1，调整上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
S320:在上颌壳状牙科器械1对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部12，凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
S330:在凸起部12包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部13，固位部13与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
S340:在上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部14，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
S350:上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小；
S360:设计颌间牵引件，颌间牵引件包括在上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置第一颌间牵引件31和在下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置第二颌间牵引件32，颌骨矫形重塑之后，第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一颌间牵引件31和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二颌间牵引件32，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件31和所述第二颌间牵引件32 通过弹性件33连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。具体的，经过如图3和图4所提供的上颌壳状牙科器械1的骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用第一颌间牵引件31和所述第二颌间牵引件32进行Ⅲ类颌间牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅲ类颌间牵引的牵引件。还可以根据矫治需要，进行下颌牙列后牙远移，可更好实现下牙列整体内收，可达到上下咬合精细调整。
另外，本申请的部分实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法，参阅图15，其为上述部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法流程图。并结合图1至5、图7所示，该设计方法包括如下步骤：
S410:设计一具有壳状本体的上颌壳状牙科器械1，调整上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
S420:在上颌壳状牙科器械1对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部12，凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
S430:在凸起部12包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部13，固位部13与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
S440:在上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部14，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
S450:上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小；
S460:在下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置颌内牵引件和在下颌牙槽骨上设置种植支抗件51，颌骨矫形重塑之后，种植支抗件51与颌内牵引件52通过弹性件53连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
上下颌完成颌骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用颌内牵引件52进行Ⅰ类颌内牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅰ类颌内牵引的牵引件。具体的，下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的颌内牵引件52和在下颌牙槽骨上设置的种植支抗件51，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件51与颌内牵引件52通过弹性件53连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
另外，本申请的实施例还提供了一种颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法，请参阅图16，其为上述部分实施例所提供的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的计方法的流程图。并结合图1-4、图6、图8至图10所示，该设计方法包括如下步骤：
S510:设计一具有壳状本体的上颌壳状牙科器械1，调整上颌壳状牙科器械前1的牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
S520:在上颌壳状牙科器械1对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部12，凸起部12与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
S530:在凸起部12包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部13，固位部13与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
S540:在上颌壳状牙科器械1的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部14，牵引部14配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
S550:上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的凸起部12的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械1的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小；
S560：在上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置第一交互牵引件41和在下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置第二交互牵引件42，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，所述第一交互牵引件41和第二交互牵引件42连接，使后牙解除开颌；
S570:设计颌间牵引件，颌间牵引件包括在上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置第一颌间牵引件31和在下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置第二颌间牵引件32，颌骨矫形重塑之后，第一颌间牵引件31和第二颌间牵引件32连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
与上述部分实施例相比，以后牙解除开颌为主要目标，如开颌较大，该颌位性凹面畸形的矫治***的设计方法还可配合上下交互牵引进行设计。
上颌壳状牙科器械1上设置的第一颌间牵引件41和下颌壳状牙科器械2上设置的第二颌间牵引件42，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件41和所述第二颌间牵引件42通过弹性件43连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。具体的，经过采用上颌壳状牙科器械1的骨矫形重塑之后，以咬合精细调整为主要目标，可利用颌间牵引件进行Ⅲ类颌间牵引，可以根据矫治需要进行上下颌牙列的附件更换，即将固位附件从牙齿上去除，更换上适用于咬合精细调整的附件，如Ⅲ类颌间牵引的牵引件。还可以根据矫治需要，进行下颌牙列后牙远移，可更好实现下牙列整体内收，可达到上下咬合精细调整。
以上应用了具体个例对本申请进行阐述，只是用于帮助理解本申请，并不用以限制本发申请。对于本申请所属技术领域的技术人员，依据本申请的思想，还可以做出若干简单推演、变形或替换。

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  1. 一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，包括：一具有壳状本体(11)的上颌壳状牙科器械(1)，所述壳状本体(11)上设有若干容纳牙齿的空腔，所述壳状本体(11)对应的后牙区位置处向对颌方向凸出设置凸起部(12)，所述壳状本体(11)唇侧面设有牵引部(14)，所述壳状本体(11)对应的后牙区设有与固位附件扣合的固位部(13)；
    所述凸起部(12)与下颌后牙区配合进行咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；所述牵引部(14)配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；以及
    所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的前牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置，所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置的凸起部(12)的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：下颌壳状牙科器械(2)，所述下颌壳状牙科器械(2)包括：容纳若干下颌牙齿的壳状本体(20)，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械(2)的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置的第一颌间牵引件(31)和下颌壳状牙科器械(2)上设置的第二颌间牵引件(32)，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件(31)和所述第二颌间牵引件(32)通过弹性件(33)连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置的第一交互牵引件(41)和下颌壳状牙科器械上(2)设置的第二交互牵引件(42)，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，所述第一交互牵引件(41)和第二交互牵引件(42)通过弹性件(43)连接，使后牙解除开颌。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述下颌壳状牙科器械(2)的后牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐整体内收至矫治目标位置。
  6. 根据权利要求2或3所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述颌位性凹面畸形矫治***还包括：在下颌壳状牙科器械(2)上设置的颌内牵引件(52)和在下颌牙槽骨上设置的种植支抗件(51)，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件(51)与颌内牵引件(52)通过弹性件(53)连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述凸起部(12)面向对颌牙列咬合面的部分设有咬合重建时增加上下颌稳定接触的摩擦部。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述摩擦部为与对颌牙齿咬合面凹凸匹配的结构、为与对颌牙齿咬合面咬合匹配的结构、为具有磨砂表面的结构、为具有凸点的结构、为具有镂空表面的结构或为具有孔洞表面的结构中的一种、两种或多种的组合。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述固位部(13)具有至少两个外表面，每个所述固位部(13)的外表面与所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的唇侧面呈一定夹角设置。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述固位部(13)包括：第一曲面和第二曲面，所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面围合形成一端开口另一端封闭的固位附件容置空间，所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面的弯曲方向相同，且所述第一曲面与所述第二曲面的曲率不同。
  11. 根据权利要求10所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***，其中，所述第一曲面上任一点的切线方向与所述第二曲面任一点的切线方向形成的夹角为锐角。
  12. 一种颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，包括如下步骤：
    设计一具有壳状本体(11)的上颌壳状牙科器械(1)，调整所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的前牙区的形状，使对应前牙区的牙齿从初始位置逐渐排齐至矫治目标位置；
    在上颌壳状牙科器械(1)对应的后牙区位置处设置向对颌方向凸出的凸起部(12)，所述凸起部(12)与下颌后牙区配合达到咬合重建，使下颌切牙与上颌切牙趋于对齐；
    在所述凸起部(12)包裹对应牙齿部分设置固位部(13)，所述固位部(13)与设置在牙齿上的固位附件扣合；
    在所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的外表面与牙齿接触的唇侧面设置牵引部(14)，所述牵引部(14)配合上颌颌外反向牵引，使颌骨矫形重塑；
    其中，所述上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置的凸起部(12)的高度随着上颌壳状牙科器械(1)的前牙区形状的变化逐渐减小。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，其中，所述设计方法还包括如下步骤：
    设计下颌壳状牙科器械(2)，在颌骨矫形重塑的同时，所述下颌壳状牙科器械(2)的前牙区的形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐压低至矫治目标位置。
  14. 根据权利要13所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，其中，所述设计方法还包括如下步骤：
    在上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置第一颌间牵引件(31)和在下颌壳状牙科器械(2)上设置第二颌间牵引件(32)，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述第一颌间牵引件(31)和所述第二颌间牵引件(32)连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，其中，所述设计方法还包括如下步骤：
    在上颌壳状牙科器械(1)上设置第一交互牵引件(41)和在下颌壳状牙科器械(2)上设置第二交互牵引件(42)，颌骨矫形重塑之后，上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系之前，所述第一交互牵引件(41)和第二交互牵引件(42)连接，使后牙解除开颌。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，其中，所述下颌壳状牙科器械(2)设计为后牙区形状逐渐变化，使对应牙齿从初始位置逐渐整体内收至矫治目标位置。
  17. 根据权利要求13所述的颌位性凹面畸形矫治***的设计方法，其中，所述设计方法还包括：在下颌壳状牙科器械(2)上设置颌内牵引件和在下颌牙槽骨上设置种植支抗件，颌骨矫形重塑之后，所述种植支抗件与颌内牵引件通过弹性件连接，使上下颌牙齿调整咬合关系。
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