WO2021031879A1 - 光通信装置以及用于传输和接收信息的方法 - Google Patents
光通信装置以及用于传输和接收信息的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021031879A1 WO2021031879A1 PCT/CN2020/107684 CN2020107684W WO2021031879A1 WO 2021031879 A1 WO2021031879 A1 WO 2021031879A1 CN 2020107684 W CN2020107684 W CN 2020107684W WO 2021031879 A1 WO2021031879 A1 WO 2021031879A1
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- light source
- information
- light
- working mode
- mode
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N7/00—Television systems
- H04N7/22—Adaptations for optical transmission
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
- H04B10/11—Arrangements specific to free-space transmission, i.e. transmission through air or vacuum
- H04B10/114—Indoor or close-range type systems
- H04B10/116—Visible light communication
Definitions
- the present invention belongs to the field of optical information technology, and more specifically relates to an optical communication device (also referred to as an "optical tag” herein) and a method for transmitting and receiving information.
- the present invention proposes a scheme of using a pair of light sources for relative encoding, which has good anti-interference performance and is easy to identify.
- One aspect of the present invention relates to an optical communication device, which includes:
- At least two light sources including a first light source and a second light source
- a controller configured to set the light source to be in any one of at least two working modes, the at least two working modes including a first working mode and a second working mode;
- first light source and the second light source when the first light source and the second light source are in the same working mode, they are used to transmit first information; when the first light source and the second light source are in different working modes, they are used to transmit Other information different from the first information.
- the controller is set in each of a plurality of consecutive time slots where the first light source and the second light source are located Operating mode.
- each time slot is less than or equal to 1/50 second.
- the light source in the first working mode, the light source emits light, and in the second working mode, the light source does not emit light.
- the light source in the first working mode, the light source emits light in a first manner, and in the second working mode, the light source emits light in a second manner different from the first manner.
- the first mode and the second mode make the light emitted by the light source different in wavelength and/or intensity.
- the other information includes second information and third information
- the other information includes second information and third information
- the first light source when the first light source is in the first working mode and the second light source is in the second working mode, it is used to transmit the
- the second information is used to transmit the third information when the first light source is in the second working mode and the second light source is in the first working mode.
- the multiple second information is alternately transmitted in the following manner: the first light source is set to be in the first working mode and the The second light source is in the second working mode; the first light source is set to be in the second working mode and the second light source is in the first working mode.
- the controller sets both the first light source and the second light source to be in the first working mode.
- the light source in the first operating mode, the light source emits light at a first intensity
- the light source in the second operating mode, the light source does not emit light or emits light at a second intensity not higher than the first intensity
- the controller Set the first light source and the second light source to be in the second working mode; when transmitting other first information in the information sequence, the controller sets both the first light source and the second light source In the first working mode.
- the optical communication device further includes a positioning identifier.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for transmitting information using at least two light sources, wherein the at least two light sources include a first light source and a second light source, and the first light source and the second light source can be configured as Is in any one of at least two working modes, the at least two working modes include a first working mode and a second working mode, and the method includes: when transmitting the first information, the first light source And the second light source is set to be in the same working mode; and when other information different from the first information is transmitted, the first light source and the second light source are set to be in different working modes.
- the operating mode in which the first light source and the second light source are set is set in each of a plurality of consecutive time slots.
- the light source in the first working mode, the light source emits light, and in the second working mode, the light source does not emit light; or, in the first working mode, the light source emits light in the first manner, and In the second working mode, the light source emits light in a second mode different from the first mode.
- the multiple second information is alternately transmitted in the following manner: the first light source is set to be in the first working mode and the The second light source is in the second working mode; the first light source is set to be in the second working mode and the second light source is in the first working mode.
- the light source in the first operating mode, the light source emits light at a first intensity, and in the second operating mode, the light source does not emit light or emits light at a second intensity not higher than the first intensity, and wherein When transmitting the first information, both the first light source and the second light source are set to be in the first working mode.
- the light source in the first operating mode, the light source emits light at a first intensity
- the light source in the second operating mode, the light source does not emit light or emits light at a second intensity not higher than the first intensity
- the first information is set Both a light source and the second light source are in the second working mode; when transmitting other first information in the information sequence, both the first light source and the second light source are set to be in the first working mode.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to an apparatus for transmitting information using at least two light sources, including a controller for controlling the at least two light sources, and the controller is configured to implement the above method.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for receiving information transmitted by the above-mentioned optical communication device, the method comprising:
- the information transmitted by the first light source and the second light source is determined based at least in part on the result of the comparison.
- comparing the image of the first light source with the image of the second light source includes:
- the colors of the image of the first light source and the image of the second light source are compared.
- determining the information transmitted by the first light source and the second light source at least in part based on the result of the comparison includes:
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a device for receiving information transmitted by an optical communication device, including an imaging device, a processor, and a memory.
- the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program is executed by the processor. Time can be used to implement the above method.
- optical communication system including:
- the above-mentioned equipment for receiving information transmitted by an optical communication device for receiving information transmitted by an optical communication device.
- Another aspect of the present invention relates to a storage medium in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program can be used to implement the above method when executed.
- the solution of the present invention determines the information jointly transmitted by the two light sources by analyzing and comparing the imaging of two light sources (rather than analyzing the imaging of a single light source separately), which greatly reduces the environmental lighting conditions, interference, noise, etc. Therefore, the accuracy and stability of the recognition of the information transmitted by the light source can be improved, and it is especially suitable for long-distance recognition and recognition in complex environments.
- some solutions of the present invention can further make the two light sources have substantially the same brightness or color, and prevent the human eye from perceiving the flicker phenomenon.
- Figure 1 shows an optical label according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 2 shows an optical label according to another embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 3 shows the light-emitting states of the first light source and the second light source in different time slots according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 4 shows an optical label including a positioning mark according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Figure 5 shows a method for transmitting information using at least two light sources in an optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention
- Fig. 6 shows a method for transmitting information using at least two light sources in an optical tag according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- Fig. 7 shows a method for receiving information transmitted by an optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to an optical communication device for transmitting information.
- the optical communication device is also referred to as an "optical tag” herein, and the two can be used interchangeably throughout this application.
- Fig. 1 shows an optical label 100 including two light sources (respectively a first light source 101 and a second light source 102) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the optical label 100 also includes a controller, which is used to set the working mode of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102.
- the controller can be integrated with the light source in a housing, or it can be far away from the light source, as long as it can set or control the working mode of the light source.
- the controller in the optical tag 100 is not shown in FIG. 1.
- the controller therein can set each light source to be in the first working mode or the second working mode according to the information to be transmitted, where, in the first working mode, the light source emits light, and in the second working mode In mode, the light source does not emit light.
- the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in the same mode, that is, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 both emit light or no light; if at a certain moment the optical tag 100 is to transmit second information (such as binary data "1") that is different from the first information, the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be at Different modes, that is, only one of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 emits light.
- first information for example, binary data "0"
- the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in the same mode, that is, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 both emit light or no light; if at a certain moment the optical tag 100 is to transmit second information (such as binary data "1") that is different from the first information, the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be at Different modes, that is, only one of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 emits
- the optical label 100 can transmit an information sequence within a certain period of time.
- the controller can set the working mode of the light source in the optical label at a certain frequency according to the information sequence to be transmitted, so that the optical label 100 can continuously transmit information outward.
- the controller may set the first in each of the consecutive multiple information transmission time slots according to the information sequence.
- the controller can transmit the binary data string in 8 information transmission time slots, and set the first light source 101 and the second light source in the first, fourth, sixth, and eighth time slots 102 is in the same mode, and the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are set to be in different modes in the second, third, fifth, and seventh time slots.
- the length of each time slot can be flexibly set according to needs, for example, it can be set to any value between 1/240 second and 1/10 second, for example, 1/30 second, 1/40 second, 1/50 second, 1/60 second, 1/70 second, 1/80 second, 1/90 second, 1/100 second, 1/120 second, 1/150 second, 1/180 second, etc.
- the number of information transmission time slots per second is the number or number of information that the light source can transmit per second, which can also be called the information transmission frequency of the light source.
- various image acquisition devices such as cameras
- devices with image acquisition devices such as mobile phones, tablets, smart glasses, smart watches, drones, unmanned cars, etc.
- Continuous image acquisition is performed on the optical label 100 to obtain imaging information of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 at different times.
- By analyzing and comparing the imaging information of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 at any time it is possible to determine the on and off conditions of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 at that time, so as to obtain the first light source in the optical label 100 101 and the second light source 102 transmit information at this moment.
- the above-mentioned embodiment adopts the method of relative encoding for the first light source 101 and the second light source 102, which does not rely on analyzing the imaging of a single light source to determine the transmitted information, but analyzes the relative imaging of the two light sources.
- the status determines the information transmitted. This is very advantageous, because the light source is often affected by environmental lighting conditions, interference, noise and other aspects when it emits light (especially in an outdoor environment or when the recognition distance is relatively long). Sometimes it is difficult to control the light emitted by a single light source.
- the attributes (such as intensity, color, etc.) make an accurate judgment.
- the imaging of the two light sources in the light tag is compared instead of only analyzing a light source separately
- the imaging of the two light sources can easily determine the relative state of the imaging of the two light sources, for example, to determine whether the brightness of the imaging of the two light sources is approximately the same or there is a significant difference, if approximately the same, it means that the two light sources are in the same mode Therefore, the first information is transmitted. If there is a more obvious difference, it means that the two light sources are in different modes, and therefore the second information is transmitted. In this way, the accuracy and stability of the recognition of the information transmitted by the light source can be greatly improved, and it is particularly suitable for long-distance recognition and recognition under complex lighting conditions.
- the light source in the light tag 100 can be various forms of light sources, for example, it can be an LED light, an array composed of multiple LED lights, a display screen or part of it, or even a light irradiation area (such as light on a wall) The irradiation area) can also be used as a light source.
- the light source can include various common optical devices, such as light guide plates, diffusers, diffusers, and so on.
- the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 in the optical label 100 are shown as bar-shaped light sources, but those skilled in the art can understand that the shape of the light source can be various shapes, such as a circle, a square, and a rectangle. Wait.
- the light source may not be limited to a planar light source, but may be implemented as a three-dimensional light source, for example, a bar-shaped cylindrical light source, a cube light source, a spherical light source, and so on.
- the light source can be placed on a square or suspended at a certain position in an indoor place (such as a restaurant, a meeting room, etc.), so that image capture devices located in various directions can capture the light source to obtain the information transmitted by the light source.
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 are approximately the same in shape and size, so as to facilitate subsequent imaging comparison and information identification.
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 may emit light in a first manner in the first working mode, and may emit light in a second manner different from the first manner in the second working mode, wherein the light source The light emitted in the second way may differ in wavelength and/or intensity from the light emitted in the first way.
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 may emit red light
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 may emit blue light.
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 may emit light having a first intensity
- the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 may emit light having a first intensity Different second intensity light (when a light source is turned off, it can be considered to emit light with zero intensity).
- the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are in the same mode (for example, emitting light of the same intensity or color), they can be used to transmit first information; when the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are in different modes (for example, , When emitting light of different intensities or colors), it can be used to transmit second information that is different from the first information.
- emitting light in the first way or the second way may mean always emitting light in the first way or the second way.
- the controller when transmitting the first information, can always set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in the first working mode (for example, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 Both emit light) without setting the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to both be in the second operating mode (for example, neither the first light source 101 nor the second light source 102 emits light). vice versa.
- the above settings can be performed according to the brightness, color, etc. that the light source needs to present during operation. For example, in order to make the light source present the required brightness, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 can be set to both when transmitting the first information. Light; In order to save power as much as possible, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 can be set to not emit light when transmitting the first information.
- first light source 101 and the second light source 102 when the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are in different modes, different information may be further transmitted according to the specific working modes of the two. For example, when the first light source 101 is in the first working mode and the second light source 102 is in the second working mode (for example, the first light source 101 emits light and the second light source 102 does not emit light, or the first light source 101 emits red light while the second light source 102 emits light).
- the second information can be transmitted outwards, and when the first light source 101 is in the second working mode and the second light source 102 is in the first working mode (for example, it can be expressed as the first light source 101 does not emit light but the first When the second light source 102 emits light, or the first light source 101 emits blue light and the second light source 102 emits red light), the third information can be transmitted outward.
- the information transmitted by the light source can be determined by analyzing the difference in imaging of the two light sources (for example, the brightness difference, the color difference, etc.).
- the earth reduces or eliminates the impact of the light source from various aspects such as environmental lighting conditions, interference, noise, etc., which helps to improve the accuracy and stability of the recognition of the information transmitted by the light source, and can increase the recognition distance.
- the controller may set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in more than two working modes to increase the encoding density.
- the controller may set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in a first working mode, a second working mode, and a third working mode.
- the first working mode, the second working mode, and the third working mode may respectively correspond to The first intensity, the second intensity and the third intensity of light, wherein the first intensity is greater than the second intensity, and the second intensity is greater than the third intensity.
- the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are in different modes, more different information can be transmitted according to the specific working modes of the two.
- the information transmitted when the first light source 101 is in the first working mode and the second light source 102 is in the second working mode may be different from the information transmitted when the first light source 101 is in the first working mode and the second light source 102 is in the third working mode. information.
- the optical label may have three or more light sources.
- Fig. 2 shows an optical label 200 including three light sources (respectively a first light source 201, a second light source 202, and a third light source 203) according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- the controller can determine two pairs of light sources for transmitting information, for example: the first light source 201 and the second light source 202; and the second light source 202 and the third light source 203 (that is, two pairs of light sources).
- the light source shares the second light source 202).
- the second light source 202 shared by the two pairs of light sources may be configured to always be in a certain working mode, such as the first working mode or the second working mode.
- the two light sources can show approximately the same brightness and/or color during the working process to avoid the human eye from perceiving the difference between the two, for example: one is brighter and the other is darker; One is reddish, the other is blue, etc.
- the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are set in different working modes to transmit certain information (for example, when the first light source 101 is in the first working mode When the second light source 102 is in the second working mode, and when the first light source 101 is in the second working mode and the second light source 102 is in the first working mode, both are used to transmit second information), the following methods can be used alternately To transmit the information: set the first light source 101 in the first work mode and the second light source 102 in the second work mode; set the first light source 101 in the second work mode and the second light source 102 in the first work mode.
- the controller can transmit the binary data sequence in 8 time slots. Specifically, the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in the same working mode in the first, fourth, sixth, and eighth time slots to transmit data "0", and in the second, third, fifth, and seventh time slots. The first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are set to be in different working modes in the time slot to transmit data "1".
- the controller may set the first light source 101 to be in the first working mode and the second light source 102 to be in the second working mode in the second time slot; In the third time slot, the first light source 101 is set to be in the second working mode and the second light source 102 is in the first working mode; in the fifth time slot, the first light source 101 is set to be in the first working mode and the second light source 102 is in the first working mode.
- Two working modes Set the first light source 101 to be in the second working mode and the second light source 102 to be in the first working mode in the seventh time slot.
- each of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 is alternately In the first working mode and the second working mode, if the information transmission frequency of the light source is high (for example, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 transmit information at least 50 times per second), then due to the phenomenon of visual persistence, the first The first light source 101 and the second light source 102 will present substantially the same brightness and/or color to the human eye, so as to prevent the human eye from perceiving the difference in brightness or color between the two.
- the light source in the light tag will not make the human eye perceive the flicker phenomenon when working, for example, the light source flickers on and off.
- the time interval of the light source on and off that is, increasing the frequency of the light source on and off. Due to the phenomenon of visual persistence, if the time interval between the on and off of the light source is short enough, the human eye cannot perceive this change. For example, the playing interval of a movie is less than 1/24 second, and the human eye sees a smooth picture.
- the change interval may be required to be shorter, for example: less than 1/50 second.
- the optical tag used to transmit information simply increasing the information transmission frequency of the light source therein cannot solve this problem, because the information sequence to be transmitted by the optical tag is random, which causes the light source to transmit information when transmitting information. For example, it may remain non-luminous in multiple consecutive time slots, so that the light source information transmission frequency cannot be set to ensure that the human eye does not perceive the flicker phenomenon.
- an embodiment of the present invention provides the following solutions.
- the controller when transmitting the first information contained in the information sequence, the controller sets both the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in a light-emitting state; when transmitting the second information contained in the information sequence, the controller alternately The second information is transmitted in the following manner: setting the first light source 101 in a light-emitting state and the second light source 102 in a non-lighting state; setting the first light source 101 in a non-lighting state and the second light source 102 in a light-emitting state.
- the controller can transmit the binary data sequence in 8 time slots. Specifically, the controller can set the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in the light-emitting state in the first, fourth, sixth, and eighth time slots to transmit data "0", and in the second, third, fifth, and seventh time slots. Only one of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 is set in the light-emitting state in the time slot to transmit data "1". For the second, third, fifth, and seventh time slots used to transmit data "1", the controller can set the first light source 101 to be in a light-emitting state and the second light source 102 to be in a non-lighting state in the second and fifth time slots. In the third time slot and the seventh time slot, the first light source 101 is in the non-lighting state and the second light source 102 is in the light-emitting state.
- Fig. 3 shows the light-emitting states of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 in different time slots according to the above-mentioned embodiment, where a hollow circle indicates that the light source is in a light-emitting state, and a solid circle indicates that the light source is in a non-light-emitting state. . It can be seen from FIG.
- the above embodiments for avoiding flicker can also be applied to a solution where the first light source 101 or the second light source 102 emits light in a first manner in the first working mode, and emits light in a second manner different from the first manner in the second working mode.
- the light emitted by the light source in the second way and the light emitted in the first way may have a difference in wavelength and/or intensity.
- the intensity of the light emitted in the first way is greater than or equal to the intensity of the light emitted in the second way.
- the controller when transmitting the first information contained in the information sequence, sets the first light source 101 and The second light source 102 emits light in the first way; when transmitting the second information contained in the information sequence, the controller alternately uses the following way to transmit the second information: set the first light source 101 to emit light in the first way and the second light source 102 emits light in the second manner; the first light source 101 is arranged to emit light in the second manner and the second light source 102 to emit light in the first manner.
- a light source emits light in the second way that is, emits light with a lower intensity
- the information transmission frequency or the length of the information transmission time slot of the light source that needs to be set to avoid flicker varies according to different actual situations. For example, for a solution where the light source emits light in the first working mode but does not emit light in the second working mode, because The contrast between the two working modes is relatively strong, and it is usually necessary to set a relatively higher information transmission frequency or a shorter information transmission time slot, for example, an information transmission frequency greater than or equal to 100 Hz or an information transmission time slot less than or equal to 1/100 second.
- a relatively low information transmission frequency or a longer information transmission time slot can be set, for example, greater than The information transmission frequency equal to 50 Hz or the information transmission time slot less than or equal to 1/50 second may depend on the intensity comparison between the two working modes. The greater the intensity comparison, the higher the information transmission frequency or the higher the information transmission frequency. Short information transmission time slot.
- the transmission time slot for example, an information transmission frequency greater than or equal to 50 Hz or an information transmission time slot less than or equal to 1/50 second.
- the controller in the optical tag since the controller in the optical tag always sets the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 to be in a certain working mode (for example, a light-emitting state or a red state) when transmitting the first information, It is possible for the human eye to observe that the brightness or color of a single light source changes over a long period of time. This is because the information sequence to be transmitted by the optical tag is random.
- a certain working mode for example, a light-emitting state or a red state
- the light source will have a greater time proportion in a certain state when transmitting the piece of information sequence ( For example, the light-emitting state or the red state), and if the proportion of the first information in another piece of information sequence is low, the light source will have a smaller proportion of time in this state when the piece of information sequence is transmitted, so that the human eye will It is observed that the brightness or color of the light source changes over time.
- the information sequence segment consisting of at least three consecutive first information existing in the information sequence can be searched in advance, and an even number other than the end of the information sequence segment (for example, the second , 4th, 6th, etc.) in the first information, the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are set to be in the second working mode, for example, the non-light emitting state.
- the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are still set to be in the first working mode, for example, the light-emitting state.
- the first light source 101 and the second light source can be transmitted when the second and fourth "0" are transmitted.
- the second and fourth "0" can be transmitted Both the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 are set to be in a non-luminous state (the sixth "0" is still transmitted in the luminous state to avoid flickering).
- This method can alleviate the above phenomenon (although it cannot be completely eliminated), and can still ensure that the human eye will not perceive the flicker of the light source when the appropriate light source information transmission frequency is set.
- the light emitted by the light source can be any light that can be recognized by the optical imaging device, for example, it can be visible light, or light that is not perceivable by human eyes (such as infrared light), or any combination of the above.
- the light tag may also include one or more positioning marks located near the light source used to transmit information.
- the positioning marks may be, for example, lights of a specific shape or color, and the lights may, for example, remain constant during operation. bright.
- the location identification can help users of image acquisition devices (such as mobile phones) to easily find the optical tags.
- the imaging of the positioning mark is relatively obvious and easy to identify. Therefore, one or more positioning marks arranged near the information transmission light source can also help the mobile phone to quickly determine the position of the information transmission light source, thereby contributing to subsequent image recognition.
- the positioning mark may be recognized in the image first, so that the approximate position of the optical label is found in the image.
- one or more areas in the image can be determined based on the predetermined relative position relationship between the positioning mark and the information transmission light source, and the area covers the imaging position of the information transmission light source. Then, these areas can be identified to determine the information transmitted by the light source.
- FIG. 4 shows an optical label including a positioning mark according to an embodiment of the present invention, which includes three information transmission light sources 201, 202, and 203, and two positioning mark lights arranged vertically on both sides of the information transmission light source 204 and 205.
- the imaging area of the information transmission light source can be easily determined through the positioning indicator light and the predetermined relative position relationship between the positioning indicator light and the information transmission light source.
- positioning marks are not necessary. For example, even if the information transmission light source may not emit light, it is still possible to determine each frame of image by analyzing multiple frames of images collected by the image capture device The information in the specific location of the light source.
- the optical tag may include an ambient light detection circuit, and the ambient light detection circuit may be used to detect the intensity of the ambient light.
- the controller can adjust the intensity of light emitted by the light source when it is turned on based on the intensity of the detected ambient light. For example, when the ambient light is relatively strong (for example, during the day), the intensity of the light emitted by the light source is relatively large, and when the ambient light is relatively weak (for example, at night), the intensity of the light emitted by the light source is relatively small.
- Figure 5 shows a method for transmitting information using at least two light sources in an optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention, the at least two light sources including a first light source and a second light source, and a first light source and a second light source It can be set to be in any one of at least two working modes, the at least two working modes including a first working mode and a second working mode.
- the method includes:
- Step 501 When transmitting the first information, set the first light source and the second light source to be in the same mode;
- Step 502 When transmitting other information different from the first information, set the first light source and the second light source to be in different modes.
- Fig. 6 shows a method for transmitting information using at least two light sources in an optical label according to another embodiment of the present invention.
- the at least two light sources include a first light source and a second light source, and a first light source and a second light source.
- the light source can be set to be in any one of at least two modes.
- the at least two modes include a first mode and a second mode. In the first mode, the light source emits light at a first intensity, and in the second mode , The light source does not emit light or emits light at a second intensity not higher than the first intensity.
- the method includes:
- Step 601 When transmitting the first information, set both the first light source and the second light source to be in the first mode;
- Step 602 When transmitting second information that is different from the first information, alternately use the following methods to transmit:
- the first light source and the second light source in the optical tag have roughly the same appearance (for example, brightness, color) when transmitting information, and it can be ensured that the appropriate light source information transmission frequency or information transmission time slot is set. In the case of length, the human eye will not perceive the flicker.
- the image acquisition device can continuously scan the optical label, obtain one or more frames of the optical label, and compare the imaging of the first light source 101 and the second light source 102 in each frame of image, so that the light can be identified.
- Fig. 7 shows a method for receiving information transmitted by an optical tag according to an embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
- Step 701 imaging the optical label.
- Step 702 Extract the image of the first light source in the light tag and the image of the second light source in the light tag.
- Step 703 Compare the image of the first light source and the image of the second light source.
- Comparing the image of the first light source and the image of the second light source may include at least one of the following: comparing the brightness of the image of the first light source and the image of the second light source; comparing the color of the image of the first light source and the image of the second light source .
- Step 704 Determine the information jointly transmitted by the first light source and the second light source based at least in part on the result of the comparison.
- the result of the comparison is the same, it can be determined that the information jointly transmitted by the first light source and the second light source is the first information; if the result of the comparison is different, it can be determined that the first light source and the The information commonly transmitted by the second light source is other information different from the first information.
- further information may be determined according to the specific situation of the comparison result. For example, if the brightness of the first light source is greater than the brightness of the second light source, it can be determined that the information transmitted by the first light source and the second light source is the second information; if the brightness of the first light source is less than the brightness of the second light source, the first light source can be determined The information jointly transmitted by the light source and the second light source is the third information.
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to a device for receiving information transmitted by an optical tag, which includes an imaging device, a processor, and a memory.
- the memory stores a computer program.
- the computer program can be used to implement The above method for receiving information transmitted by an optical tag.
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to an optical communication system, which includes an optical tag and a device for receiving information transmitted by the optical tag.
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to a storage medium in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program can be used to implement the method described in the present application when executed.
- references to "various embodiments”, “some embodiments”, “one embodiment”, or “an embodiment” herein refer to the specific features, structures, or properties described in connection with the embodiments included in In at least one embodiment. Therefore, the appearances of the phrases “in various embodiments”, “in some embodiments”, “in one embodiment”, or “in an embodiment” in various places throughout this document do not necessarily refer to the same implementation example.
- specific features, structures, or properties can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Therefore, a specific feature, structure, or property shown or described in combination with one embodiment can be combined in whole or in part with the feature, structure, or property of one or more other embodiments without limitation, as long as the combination is not incompatible. Logical or not working.
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Abstract
提供了一种光通信装置以及用于传输和接收信息的方法。该光通信装置包括:至少两个光源,包括第一光源和第二光源;以及,控制器,其用于将光源设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式,所述至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式;其中,当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于相同的工作模式时,用于传输第一信息;当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于不同的工作模式时,用于传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
Description
本发明属于光信息技术领域,更具体地涉及一种光通信装置(在本文中也称为“光标签”)以及用于传输和接收信息的方法。
本部分的陈述仅仅是为了提供与本发明相关的背景信息,以帮助理解本发明。除非明确说明,在本部分中描述的内容对于本申请的技术方案而言并不构成现有技术。
在现有技术中存在通过光源发出的光来传输信息的方法,其根据要传输的信息来使光源以不同的方式发光,从而传输相应的信息。信息的接收方可以接收光源发出的光并对其进行分析以识别其中包含的信息。
然而,在对光源发出的光进行分析识别时,很容易受到环境光照条件、干扰、噪声、距离、成像设备等影响,从而使得难以准确地识别出光源传输的信息,特别是在复杂的室外环境中或者识别距离比较远时。
为此,本发明提出一种使用一对光源进行相对编码的方案,其具有良好的抗干扰性,易于识别。
发明内容
本发明的一个方面涉及一种光通信装置,其包括:
至少两个光源,包括第一光源和第二光源;以及
控制器,其用于将光源设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式,所述至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式;
其中,当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于相同的工作模式时,用于传输第一信息;当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于不同的工作模式时,用于传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
可选地,其中,所述控制器根据所述光通信装置要传输的信息序列,设置在连续的多个时隙中的每个时隙所述第一光源和所述第二光源所处于的 工作模式。
可选地,其中,每个时隙的长度小于等于1/50秒。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一方式发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源以与所述第一方式不同的第二方式发光。
可选地,其中,所述第一方式和所述第二方式使得光源发出的光在波长和/或强度上存在区别。
可选地,其中,所述其他信息包括第二信息和第三信息,以及其中,当所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,用于传输所述第二信息,当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,用于传输所述第三信息。
可选地,其中,当所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,以及当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,都用于传输第二信息。
可选地,其中,当要传输的信息序列中包含多个第二信息时,交替地使用如下方式来传输所述多个第二信息:设置所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式;设置所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,当传输所述第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,对于所述信息序列中存在的由至少三个连续的第一信息构成的信息序列段,当传输所述信息序列段中的除结尾之外的偶数编号的第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第二工作模式;当传输所述信息序列中的其他第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
可选地,所述光通信装置还包括定位标识。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种使用至少两个光源来传输信息的方法,其中,所述至少两个光源包括第一光源和第二光源,所述第一光源和第二光源能够被设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式,所述至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,所述方法包括:当传输第一信息时,将所述第一光源和所述第二光源设置为处于相同的工作模式;以及当传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息时,将所述第一光源和所述第二光源设置为处于不同的工作模式。
可选地,其中,根据要传输的信息序列,在连续的多个时隙中的每个时隙设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源所处于的工作模式。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光;或者,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一方式发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源以与所述第一方式不同的第二方式发光。
可选地,其中,当所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,以及当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,都用于传输第二信息。
可选地,其中,当要传输的信息序列中包含多个第二信息时,交替地使用如下方式来传输所述多个第二信息:设置所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式;设置所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,当传输所述第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
可选地,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,对于所述信息序列中存在的由至少三个连续的第一信息构成的信息序列段,当传输所述信息序列段中的除结尾之外的偶数编号的第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第二工作模式;当传输所述信息序列中的其他第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模 式。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种使用至少两个光源来传输信息的装置,包括用于对所述至少两个光源进行控制的控制器,所述控制器被配置用于实现上述方法。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种用于接收上述光通信装置传输的信息的方法,所述方法包括:
对所述光通信装置进行成像;
提取所述光通信装置中的第一光源的图像和所述光通信装置中的第二光源的图像;
比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像;以及
至少部分地根据所述比较的结果来确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息。
可选地,其中,比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像包括:
比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像的亮度;和/或
比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像的颜色。
可选地,其中,所述至少部分地根据所述比较的结果来确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息包括:
如果所述比较的结果相同,则确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息为第一信息;以及
如果所述比较的结果不同,则确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息为与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种用于接收光通信装置传输的信息的设备,包括成像器件、处理器和存储器,所述存储器中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被所述处理器执行时能够用于实现上述方法。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种光通信***,包括:
上述光通信装置;以及
上述用于接收光通信装置传输的信息的设备。
本发明的另一个方面涉及一种存储介质,其中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被执行时能够用于实现上述方法。
本发明的方案通过分析比较两个光源的成像(而不是单独地分析某个 单独光源的成像)来确定这两个光源所共同传输的信息,极大地减轻了环境光照条件、干扰、噪声等等的影响,因此可以改善对光源所传输的信息的识别的准确性和稳定性,特别适合于远距离识别和复杂环境下的识别。另外,本发明的一些方案还可以进一步使得两个光源具有大致相同的亮度或颜色,并且避免人眼察觉到闪烁现象。
以下参照附图对本发明的实施例作进一步说明,其中:
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的光标签;
图2示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的光标签;
图3示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的在不同时隙中第一光源和第二光源的发光状态;
图4示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括定位标识的光标签;
图5示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的使用光标签中的至少两个光源来传输信息的方法;
图6示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的使用光标签中的至少两个光源来传输信息的方法;以及
图7示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于接收光标签传输的信息的方法。
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合附图通过具体实施例对本发明进行进一步详细说明。
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种用于传输信息的光通信装置,该光通信装置在本文中也被称为“光标签”,两者在整个本申请中可以互换使用。
图1示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括了两个光源(分别是第一光源101和第二光源102)的光标签100。光标签100还包括控制器,其用于设置第一光源101和第二光源102所处的工作模式。该控制器可以与光源一起集成在一个壳体中,也可以远离光源,只要其能够设置或控制光源的工作模式即可。为了简明起见,图1中未示出光标签100中的控制器。
在光标签100工作时,其中的控制器可以根据要传输的信息将每个光源设置为处于第一工作模式或第二工作模式,其中,在第一工作模式下,光源发光,在第二工作模式下,光源不发光。如果在某一时刻光标签100要传输第一信息(例如二进制数据“0”),控制器可以设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于同一模式,也即,第一光源101和第二光源102都发光或者都不发光;如果在某一时刻光标签100要传输与第一信息不同的第二信息(例如二进制数据“1”),控制器可以设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同的模式,也即,第一光源101和第二光源102中只有一个发光。
光标签100可以在某个时间段内传输一个信息序列。控制器可以根据要传输的信息序列以一定的频率设置光标签中的光源的工作模式,从而使得光标签100能够连续地向外传输信息。具体地,当光标签100要传输某个信息序列(例如,一串二进制数据)时,控制器可以根据该信息序列,设置在连续的多个信息传输时隙中的每个时隙中第一光源101和第二光源102所处于的模式,以向外传输该信息序列。例如,对于一串二进制数据“01101010”,控制器可以在8个信息传输时隙中传输该二进制数据串,并在第1、4、6、8时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于同一模式,在第2、3、5、7时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同的模式。每个时隙的长度可以根据需要灵活设置,例如其可以被设置为1/240秒至1/10秒之间的任意值,例如,1/30秒、1/40秒、1/50秒、1/60秒、1/70秒、1/80秒、1/90秒、1/100秒、1/120秒、1/150秒、1/180秒等。每秒钟内的信息传输时隙的数量即为每秒钟光源所能传输的信息的次数或数量,其也可称为光源的信息传输频率。
当光标签100在传输信息时,可以使用各种图像采集器件(例如摄像头)或者具有图像采集器件的设备(例如手机、平板电脑、智能眼镜、智能手表、无人机、无人驾驶汽车等)对光标签100进行连续的图像采集,以获得在不同的时刻所述第一光源101和第二光源102的成像信息。通过分析比较第一光源101和第二光源102在任一时刻的成像信息,可以判断出第一光源101和第二光源102在该时刻的亮灭情况,从而可以获得光标签100中的第一光源101和第二光源102在该时刻传输的信息。
上述实施例中采用了针对第一光源101和第二光源102进行相对编码的 方式,其并不依赖于分析单个光源的成像来确定所传输的信息,而是通过分析两个光源的成像的相对状态来确定所传输的信息。这是非常有利的,因为光源在发光时经常会受到环境光照条件、干扰、噪声等各方面的影响(特别是在室外环境中或者识别距离比较远时),有时很难对单个光源发出的光的属性(例如强度、颜色等)做出一个准确的判断。而由于光标签中的光源位于大致相同的位置,且同时经受大致相同的环境光照条件、干扰、噪声等,因此通过比较光标签中的两个光源的成像,而不是仅单独地分析某个光源的成像,可以容易地判断出两个光源的成像的相对状态,例如,判断出两个光源的成像的亮度是否大致相同还是存在比较明显的差别,如果大致相同,则表明两个光源处于同一模式,因此传输的是第一信息,如果存在比较明显的差别,则表明两个光源处于不同模式,因此传输的是第二信息。如此,可以极大地改善对光源所传输的信息的识别的准确性和稳定性,特别适合于远距离识别和在复杂光照条件下的识别。
光标签100中的光源可以是各种形式的光源,例如,其可以是一个LED灯、由多个LED灯构成的阵列、显示屏幕或者其中的一部分,甚至光的照射区域(例如光在墙壁上的照射区域)也可以作为光源。光源中可以包括各种常见的光学器件,例如导光板、柔光板、漫射器等。在图1中将光标签100中的第一光源101和第二光源102示出为条形光源,但本领域技术人员可以理解,光源的形状可以是各种形状,例如圆形、正方形、矩形等。光源也可以不局限于平面光源,而是可以被实现为立体光源,例如,条状的圆柱形光源、立方体光源、球形光源等等。光源例如可以被放置在广场上、悬置于室内场所(例如餐厅、会议室等)的某个位置,从而位于各个方向的图像采集设备都可以拍摄该光源,以获得光源所传输的信息。优选地,第一光源101或第二光源102在形状尺寸上大致相同,以便于后续的成像比较和信息识别。
在一个实施例中,第一光源101或第二光源102在第一工作模式下可以以第一方式发光,在第二工作模式下可以以与第一方式不同的第二方式发光,其中,光源以第二方式发出的光与以第一方式发出的光可以在波长和/或强度上存在差别。例如,在第一工作模式下,第一光源101或第二光源102可以发出红光,在第二工作模式下,第一光源101或第二光源102可以发出蓝光。或者,在第一工作模式下,第一光源101或第二光源102可以发出具 有第一强度的光,在第二工作模式下,第一光源101或第二光源102可以发出具有与第一强度不同的第二强度的光(当关闭某一光源时,可以认为其发出强度为零的光)。当第一光源101和第二光源102处于同一模式(例如,发出相同强度或颜色的光)时,可以用于传输第一信息;当第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同的模式(例如,发出不同强度或颜色的光)时,可以用于传输与第一信息不同的第二信息。在一个实施例中,以第一方式或第二方式发光可以是指以第一方式或第二方式始终发光。
在一个实施例中,在传输第一信息时,根据需要,控制器可以始终将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于第一工作模式(例如,第一光源101和第二光源102都发光),而不将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于第二工作模式(例如,第一光源101和第二光源102都不发光)。反之亦然。可以根据光源在工作时所需要呈现的亮度、颜色等来进行上述设置,例如,为了使得光源呈现出需要的亮度,可以在传输第一信息时将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都发光;为了尽量节省电能,可以在传输第一信息时将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都不发光。
在一个实施例中,当第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同的模式时,可以进一步根据二者具体的工作模式来传输不同的信息。例如,当第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式(例如可以表现为第一光源101发光而第二光源102不发光,或者第一光源101发红光而第二光源102发蓝光)时,可以向外传输第二信息,而当第一光源101处于第二工作模式而第二光源102处于第一工作模式(例如可以表现为第一光源101不发光而第二光源102发光,或者第一光源101发蓝光而第二光源102发红光)时,可以向外传输第三信息。
通过上述针对第一光源101和第二光源102进行相对编码的方式,使得可以通过分析两个光源的成像的差别(例如,亮度差别、颜色差别等)来确定光源所传输的信息,这可以极大地减轻或消除光源所受到环境光照条件、干扰、噪声等各方面的影响,有助于改善对光源所传输的信息的识别的准确性和稳定性,并可以提高识别距离。
在一个实施例中,控制器可以设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于多于两种工作模式,以提高编码密度。例如,控制器可以设置第一光源101和 第二光源102处于第一工作模式、第二工作模式和第三工作模式,该第一工作模式、第二工作模式和第三工作模式例如可以分别对应于光的第一强度、第二强度和第三强度,其中第一强度大于第二强度,且第二强度大于第三强度。在这种情况下,当第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同的模式时,可以根据二者具体的工作模式来传输更多的不同信息。例如,第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式时传输的信息可以不同于第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第三工作模式时传输的信息。
在一个实施例中,为了提高编码密度,光标签中可以具有三个或更多个光源。图2示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括了三个光源(分别是第一光源201、第二光源202和第三光源203)的光标签200。在该实施例中,控制器可以确定出用于传输信息的两对光源,例如分别是:第一光源201与第二光源202;以及第二光源202与第三光源203(也即,两对光源共享第二光源202)。对于这两对光源中的任一对,都可以根据上文中实施例描述的方式来传输不同的信息。在一个实施例中,为了简便,可以将两对光源中共有的第二光源202配置为始终处于某一工作模式,例如第一工作模式或第二工作模式。
在某些场景下,可能期望两个光源在工作过程中能呈现出大致相同的亮度和/或颜色,以避免人眼感觉到两者之间的差异,例如:一个较亮,一个较暗;一个偏红色,一个偏蓝色等。为了解决该技术问题,在一个实施例中,在将第一光源101和第二光源102设置于不同的工作模式来传输某一信息的情况下(例如,当第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式时,以及当第一光源101处于第二工作模式而第二光源102处于第一工作模式时,都用于传输第二信息),可以交替地使用如下方式来传输所述信息:设置第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式;设置第一光源101处于第二工作模式而第二光源102处于第一工作模式。
例如,对于一个二进制数据序列“01101010”,控制器可以在8个时隙中传输该二进制数据串。具体地,控制器可以在第1、4、6、8时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于同一工作模式,以传输数据“0”,并在第 2、3、5、7时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102处于不同工作模式,以传输数据“1”。对于用于传输数据“1”的第2、3、5、7时隙,控制器可以在第2时隙中设置第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式;在第3时隙中设置第一光源101处于第二工作模式而第二光源102处于第一工作模式;在第5时隙中设置第一光源101处于第一工作模式而第二光源102处于第二工作模式;在第7时隙中设置第一光源101处于第二工作模式而第二光源102处于第一工作模式。如此,由于在传输数据“0”时第一光源101和第二光源102始终处于同一工作模式,在传输数据“1”时,第一光源101和第二光源102中的每一个都是交替地处于第一工作模式和第二工作模式,因此,如果光源的信息传输频率较高(例如,第一光源101和第二光源102每秒钟传输至少50次信息),那么由于视觉残存现象,第一光源101和第二光源102对于人眼而言会呈现出大致相同的亮度和/或颜色,从而避免人眼察觉到两者之间的亮度差异或颜色差异。
在某些场景下,可能期望光标签中的光源在工作时不会使人眼察觉到闪烁现象,例如,光源的亮灭闪烁。对于以固定方式交替亮灭的光源,本领域技术人员理解,可以通过缩短光源亮灭的时间间隔(也即,提高光源亮灭的频率)来避免。由于视觉残存现象,如果光源亮灭的时间间隔足够短,人眼是无法感觉到这种变化的。例如,电影的播放间隔时间小于1/24秒,人眼看到的是流畅的画面。对于对比明显的变化(例如:光源的亮灭),其变化间隔时间可能要求更短,例如:小于1/50秒。但是,对于用于传输信息的光标签而言,简单地提高其中的光源的信息传输频率并不能解决该问题,因为光标签所要传输的信息序列是随机的,这导致其中的光源在传输信息时可能例如在连续的多个时隙中都保持不发光,从而无法通过设定光源信息传输频率来确保人眼不会察觉到闪烁现象。
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明的一个实施例提供了如下方案。在该方案中,当传输信息序列中包含的第一信息时,控制器设置第一光源101和第二光源102都处于发光状态;当传输信息序列中包含的第二信息时,控制器交替地使用如下方式来传输第二信息:设置第一光源101处于发光状态而第二光源102处于不发光状态;设置第一光源101处于不发光状态而第二光源102处于发光状态。
例如,对于一个二进制数据序列“01101010”,控制器可以在8个时隙中传输该二进制数据串。具体地,控制器可以在第1、4、6、8时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102都处于发光状态,以传输数据“0”,并在第2、3、5、7时隙中设置第一光源101和第二光源102中仅有一个处于发光状态,以传输数据“1”。对于用于传输数据“1”的第2、3、5、7时隙,控制器可以在第2时隙和第5时隙中设置第一光源101处于发光状态而第二光源102处于不发光状态,在第3时隙和第7时隙中设置第一光源101处于不发光状态而第二光源102处于发光状态。
通过使用上述实施例的方案,对于数据变化0->0、0->1、1->0、1->1中的任意一种情况,均不会出现某个光源在连续的两个时隙中不发光的情形,从而,只要设置了合适的光源信息传输频率或者信息传输时隙长度,由于视觉残存现象,人眼便不会察觉到光源的闪烁。在图3中示出了根据上述实施例的在不同时隙中第一光源101和第二光源102的发光状态,其中,空心圆形表示光源处于发光状态,实心圆形表示光源处于不发光状态。从图3可以看出,第一光源101和第二光源102都不会在连续的两个时隙中不发光,如此,在设置了合适的光源信息传输频率或者信息传输时隙长度的情况下,可以确保人眼不会察觉到仅占据一个时隙的不发光状态,也即,不会察觉到闪烁现象。
上述避免闪烁的实施例同样可以适用于第一光源101或第二光源102在第一工作模式下以第一方式发光,在第二工作模式下以与第一方式不同的第二方式发光的方案,其中,光源以第二方式发出的光与以第一方式发出的光可以在波长和/或强度上存在差别。在此,假设以第一方式发出的光的强度大于等于以第二方式发出的光的强度,针对这样的情形,当传输信息序列中包含的第一信息时,控制器设置第一光源101和第二光源102都以第一方式发光;当传输信息序列中包含的第二信息时,控制器交替地使用如下方式来传输第二信息:设置第一光源101以第一方式发光而第二光源102以第二方式发光;设置第一光源101以第二方式发光而第二光源102以第一方式发光。如此,不会出现某个光源在连续的两个时隙中以第二方式发光(也即,发出强度较低的光)的情形,从而,只要设置了合适的光源信息传输频率或者信息传输时隙长度,可以确保人眼不会察觉到光源的闪烁现象。
为避免闪烁而需要设置的光源信息传输频率或者信息传输时隙长度根据不同的实际情形而存在不同,例如,对于光源在第一工作模式下发光而在第二工作模式下不发光的方案,由于两种工作模式的对比比较强烈,通常需要设置相对更高的信息传输频率或者更短的信息传输时隙,例如,大于等于100Hz的信息传输频率或者小于等于1/100秒的信息传输时隙。对于光源在第一工作模式下以第一强度发光而在第二工作模式下以第二强度发光的方案,通常可以设置相对较低的信息传输频率或者较长的信息传输时隙,例如,大于等于50Hz的信息传输频率或者小于等于1/50秒的信息传输时隙,其具体值可能依赖于两种工作模式下的强度对比,越大的强度对比通常需要设置越高的信息传输频率或者越短的信息传输时隙。对于光源在第一工作模式下以第一颜色发光而在第二工作模式下以第二颜色发光的方案,如果两者强度大致相同,通常可以设置相对较低的信息传输频率或者较长的信息传输时隙,例如,大于等于50Hz的信息传输频率或者小于等于1/50秒的信息传输时隙。
在上述避免闪烁的实施例中,由于光标签中的控制器在传输第一信息时始终将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为处于某一工作模式(例如,发光状态或者红色状态),则可能使得人眼观察到单个光源的亮度或颜色在在较长时段中出现变化的情况。这是因为光标签所要传输的信息序列是随机的,如果某段信息序列中的第一信息的比例较高,则在传输该段信息序列时光源会有更大的时间比例处于某一状态(例如,发光状态或者红色状态),而如果另一段信息序列中的第一信息的比例较低,则在传输该段信息序列时光源会有更小的时间比例处于该状态,从而,人眼会观察到光源的亮度或颜色随时间出现了变化。为了减轻该现象,可以预先查找信息序列中存在的由至少三个连续的第一信息构成的信息序列段,并在传输该信息序列段中的除结尾之外的偶数编号(例如,第2个、第4个、第6个等)的第一信息时,将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于第二工作模式,例如不发光状态。而对于信息序列中的其他第一信息,仍将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于第一工作模式,例如发光状态。例如,对于信息序列中出现的连续的5个第一信息“0,0,0,0,0”,可以在传输第2个和第4个“0”时将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于不发光状态;对于信息序列中出 现的连续的6个第一信息“0,0,0,0,0,0”,可以在传输第2个和第4个“0”时将第一光源101和第二光源102设置为都处于不发光状态(第6个“0”仍然使用发光状态传输,以避免闪烁现象)。这种方式可以减轻上述现象(尽管不能完全消除),并且仍然能够确保在设置了合适的光源信息传输频率的情况下人眼不会察觉到光源的闪烁现象。
光源发出的光可以是任何能够被光学成像器件识别的光,例如其可以是可见光,也可以是人眼不可感知的光(例如红外光),或者是上述的任一组合。
在一个实施例中,光标签中还可以包括位于用于传输信息的光源附近的一个或多个定位标识,该定位标识例如可以是特定形状或颜色的灯,该灯例如可以在工作时保持常亮。该定位标识可以有助于图像采集设备(例如手机)的用户容易地发现光标签。另外,当图像采集设备被设置为对光标签进行拍摄的模式时,定位标识的成像比较明显,易于识别。因此,布置于信息传输光源附近的一个或多个定位标识还能够有助于手机快速地确定信息传输光源的位置,从而有助于后续的图像识别。在一个实施例中,在进行识别时,可以首先在图像中对定位标识进行识别,从而在图像中发现光标签的大致位置。在识别了定位标识之后,可以基于定位标识与信息传输光源之间的预先确定的相对位置关系,确定图像中的一个或多个区域,该区域涵盖信息传输光源的成像位置。接着,可以针对这些区域进行识别,以确定光源所传输的信息。
图4示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的包括定位标识的光标签,其中包括三个信息传输光源201、202和203,以及位于信息传输光源两侧的竖直布置的两个定位标识灯204和205。通过定位标识灯以及预先确定的定位标识灯与信息传输光源之间的相对位置关系,可以方便地确定信息传输光源的成像区域。
需要说明的是,对于光标签而言,定位标识并不是必须的,例如,即使信息传输光源可能存在不发光的状态,但仍可以通过分析图像采集设备采集的多帧图像来确定每一帧图像中的信息传输光源的具***置。
在一个实施例中,光标签中可以包括环境光检测电路,该环境光检测电路可以用于检测环境光的强度。控制器可以基于检测到的环境光的强度 来调整光源在开启时所发出的光的强度。例如,在环境光比较强时(例如白天),使得光源发出的光的强度比较大,而在环境光比较弱时(例如夜里),使得光源发出的光的强度比较小。
图5示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的使用光标签中的至少两个光源来传输信息的方法,该至少两个光源中包括第一光源和第二光源,第一光源和第二光源能够被设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式下,该至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式。该方法包括:
步骤501:当传输第一信息时,将第一光源和第二光源设置为处于相同的模式;以及
步骤502:当传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息时,将第一光源和第二光源设置为处于不同的模式。
图6示出了根据本发明的另一个实施例的使用光标签中的至少两个光源来传输信息的方法,该至少两个光源中包括第一光源和第二光源,第一光源和第二光源能够被设置为处于至少两种模式中的任一种模式下,该至少两种模式包括第一模式和第二模式,在第一模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在第二模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光。该方法包括:
步骤601:当传输第一信息时,设置第一光源和第二光源都处于第一模式;以及
步骤602:当传输与第一信息不同的第二信息时,交替地使用如下方式来传输:
设置第一光源处于第一模式而第二光源处于第二模式;以及
设置第一光源处于第二模式而第二光源处于第一模式。
通过该方法,使得光标签在传输信息时其中的第一光源和第二光源具有大致相同的外观(例如,亮度、颜色),并且可以确保在设置了合适的光源信息传输频率或者信息传输时隙长度的情况下,人眼不会察觉到闪烁现象。
在本发明的其他实施例中,可以基于上述关于光标签功能的描述来相应地实现更多的方法,为了申请文件的简洁,在此不再赘述。
在光标签工作时,图像采集设备可以对光标签进行连续扫描,获取光标签的一帧或多帧图像,并比较各帧图像中第一光源101和第二光源102的成 像,从而可以识别出光标签在各帧图像被拍摄时所传输的信息。图7示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的用于接收光标签传输的信息的方法,该方法包括:
步骤701:对光标签进行成像。
步骤702:提取光标签中的第一光源的图像和光标签中的第二光源的图像。
步骤703:比较第一光源的图像和第二光源的图像。
比较第一光源的图像和第二光源的图像可以包括如下中的至少一项:比较第一光源的图像和第二光源的图像的亮度;比较第一光源的图像和第二光源的图像的颜色。
步骤704:至少部分地根据所述比较的结果来确定第一光源和第二光源共同传输的信息。
在一个实施例中,如果所述比较的结果为相同,则可以确定第一光源和第二光源共同传输的信息为第一信息;如果所述比较的结果为不同,则可以确定第一光源和第二光源共同传输的信息为与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
在一个实施例中,当所述比较的结果为不同时,还可以进一步根据比较结果的具体情形来确定进一步的信息。例如,如果第一光源的亮度大于第二光源的亮度,可以确定第一光源和第二光源共同传输的信息为第二信息,如果第一光源的亮度小于第二光源的亮度,可以确定第一光源和第二光源共同传输的信息为第三信息。
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种用于接收光标签传输的信息的设备,包括成像器件、处理器和存储器,存储器中存储有计算机程序,计算机程序在被所述处理器执行时能够用于实现上述用于接收光标签传输的信息的方法。
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种光通信***,其包括光标签以及用于接收光标签传输的信息的设备。
本发明的一个实施例涉及一种存储介质,其中存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序在被执行时能够用于实现本申请所述的方法。
本文中针对“各个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“一个实施例”、或“实 施例”等的参考指代的是结合所述实施例所描述的特定特征、结构、或性质包括在至少一个实施例中。因此,短语“在各个实施例中”、“在一些实施例中”、“在一个实施例中”、或“在实施例中”等在整个本文中各处的出现并非必须指代相同的实施例。此外,特定特征、结构、或性质可以在一个或多个实施例中以任何合适方式组合。因此,结合一个实施例中所示出或描述的特定特征、结构或性质可以整体地或部分地与一个或多个其他实施例的特征、结构、或性质无限制地组合,只要该组合不是不符合逻辑性的或不能工作。本文中出现的类似于“根据A”、“基于A”、“通过A”或“使用A”的表述意指非排他性的,也即,“根据A”可以涵盖“仅仅根据A”,也可以涵盖“根据A和B”,除非特别声明或者根据上下文明确可知其含义为“仅仅根据A”。在本申请中为了清楚说明,以一定的顺序描述了一些示意性的操作步骤,但本领域技术人员可以理解,这些操作步骤中的每一个并非是必不可少的,其中的一些步骤可以被省略或者被其他步骤替代。这些操作步骤也并非必须以所示的方式依次执行,相反,这些操作步骤中的一些可以根据实际需要以不同的顺序执行,或者并行执行,只要新的执行方式不是不符合逻辑的或不能工作。
由此描述了本发明的至少一个实施例的几个方面,可以理解,对本领域技术人员来说容易地进行各种改变、修改和改进。这种改变、修改和改进意于在本发明的精神和范围内。虽然本发明已经通过优选实施例进行了描述,然而本发明并非局限于这里所描述的实施例,在不脱离本发明范围的情况下还包括所作出的各种改变以及变化。
Claims (19)
- 一种光通信装置,包括:至少两个光源,包括第一光源和第二光源;以及控制器,其用于将光源设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式,所述至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式;其中,当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于相同的工作模式时,用于传输第一信息;当所述第一光源和所述第二光源处于不同的工作模式时,用于传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光通信装置,其中,所述控制器根据所述光通信装置要传输的信息序列,设置在连续的多个时隙中的每个时隙所述第一光源和所述第二光源所处于的工作模式。
- 根据权利要求2所述的光通信装置,其中,每个时隙的长度小于等于1/50秒。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光通信装置,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光;或者在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一方式发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源以与所述第一方式不同的第二方式发光。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光通信装置,其中,所述其他信息包括第二信息和第三信息,以及其中,当所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,用于传输所述第二信息,当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,用于传输所述第三信息。
- 根据权利要求1所述的光通信装置,其中,当所述第一光源处于第 一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,以及当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,都用于传输第二信息。
- 根据权利要求6所述的光通信装置,其中,当要传输的信息序列中包含多个第二信息时,交替地使用如下方式来传输所述多个第二信息:设置所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式;以及设置所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式。
- 根据权利要求7所述的光通信装置,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,当传输所述第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
- 根据权利要求7所述的光通信装置,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,对于所述信息序列中存在的由至少三个连续的第一信息构成的信息序列段,当传输所述信息序列段中的除结尾之外的偶数编号的第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第二工作模式;当传输所述信息序列中的其他第一信息时,所述控制器设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
- 一种使用至少两个光源来传输信息的方法,其中,所述至少两个光源包括第一光源和第二光源,所述第一光源和第二光源能够被设置为处于至少两种工作模式中的任一种工作模式,所述至少两种工作模式包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,所述方法包括:当传输第一信息时,将所述第一光源和所述第二光源设置为处于相同的工作模式;以及当传输与所述第一信息不同的其他信息时,将所述第一光源和所述第二光源设置为处于不同的工作模式。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,根据要传输的信息序列,在连续的多个时隙中的每个时隙设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源所处于的工作模式。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光;或者在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一方式发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源以与所述第一方式不同的第二方式发光。
- 根据权利要求10所述的方法,其中,当所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式时,以及当所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式时,都用于传输第二信息。
- 根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,当要传输的信息序列中包含多个第二信息时,交替地使用如下方式来传输所述多个第二信息:设置所述第一光源处于第一工作模式而所述第二光源处于第二工作模式;以及设置所述第一光源处于第二工作模式而所述第二光源处于第一工作模式。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,当传输所述第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源 都处于第一工作模式。
- 根据权利要求14所述的方法,其中,在所述第一工作模式下,光源以第一强度发光,在所述第二工作模式下,光源不发光或者以不高于第一强度的第二强度发光,以及其中,对于所述信息序列中存在的由至少三个连续的第一信息构成的信息序列段,当传输所述信息序列段中的除结尾之外的偶数编号的第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第二工作模式;当传输所述信息序列中的其他第一信息时,设置所述第一光源和所述第二光源都处于第一工作模式。
- 一种用于接收由权利要求1-9中任一项所述的光通信装置传输的信息的方法,所述方法包括:对所述光通信装置进行成像;提取所述光通信装置中的第一光源的图像和所述光通信装置中的第二光源的图像;比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像;以及至少部分地根据所述比较的结果来确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息。
- 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中,比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像包括:比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像的亮度;和/或比较所述第一光源的图像和所述第二光源的图像的颜色。
- 根据权利要求17所述的方法,其中,所述至少部分地根据所述比较的结果来确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息包括:如果所述比较的结果相同,则确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传输的信息为第一信息;以及如果所述比较的结果不同,则确定由所述第一光源和所述第二光源传 输的信息为与所述第一信息不同的其他信息。
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