WO2020236060A1 - Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition, computer program, computer-readable medium and vehicle - Google Patents
Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition, computer program, computer-readable medium and vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020236060A1 WO2020236060A1 PCT/SE2020/050452 SE2020050452W WO2020236060A1 WO 2020236060 A1 WO2020236060 A1 WO 2020236060A1 SE 2020050452 W SE2020050452 W SE 2020050452W WO 2020236060 A1 WO2020236060 A1 WO 2020236060A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- gear wheel
- cog
- coupling sleeve
- input shaft
- control device
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 117
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007794 irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/19—Improvement of gear change, e.g. by synchronisation or smoothing gear shift
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/70—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing specially adapted for change-speed gearing in group arrangement, i.e. with separate change-speed gear trains arranged in series, e.g. range or overdrive-type gearing arrangements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2510/081—Speed
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2510/00—Input parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2510/10—Change speed gearings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18027—Drive off, accelerating from standstill
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
- F16H2061/0418—Synchronisation before shifting by using different synchronisation devices simultaneously, e.g. for faster synchronisation
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H2061/047—Smoothing ratio shift by preventing or solving a tooth butt situation upon engagement failure due to misalignment of teeth
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H2061/0474—Smoothing ratio shift by smoothing engagement or release of positive clutches; Methods or means for shock free engagement of dog clutches
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
- F16H59/44—Inputs being a function of speed dependent on machine speed of the machine, e.g. the vehicle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/04—Smoothing ratio shift
- F16H61/0403—Synchronisation before shifting
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates in general to a method for controlling a vehicle powertrain and a control device configured to control a vehicle powertrain.
- the present disclosure further relates in general to a computer program and a computer-readable medium.
- the present disclosure relates in general to a vehicle.
- Vehicles are driven forward by a propulsion unit torque produced by a propulsion unit, such as a combustion engine, in the vehicle.
- This propulsion unit torque is transmitted to the driving wheels of the vehicle through a powertrain of the vehicle.
- the powertrain comprises a gearbox adapted to selectively transfer torque between the propulsion unit and the driving wheels, at different gear ratios.
- Such a coupling sleeve generally comprises cogs, which are configured to mesh with corresponding spaces between cogs of the gear cogwheel to be engaged on the shaft.
- the coupling sleeve and the cogwheel therefore need to have the same rotational speed.
- a situation that may be encountered when seeking to engage an unsynchronized gear during a gear shifting step is that the cogs of the coupling sleeve and the cogs of the gear cogwheel end up in a cog-to-cog state, instead of intermeshing as intended.
- the time spent in this state is dependent of difference in angular velocity between the coupling sleeve and the cogwheel to be engaged.
- a lower difference in angular velocity increase the time spent in this state.
- This problem is especially pronounced when seeking to engage a start gear for starting propulsion of the vehicle, since in this situation the difference in angular velocity may be zero for a long time in view of the vehicle being at standstill. This can in turn lead to infinity long engagement time if no action is taken.
- a slow gear shift performance may also cause irritation and thereby discomfort for a driver of the vehicle.
- US 2004/0118652 A1 discloses a strategy for overcoming a tooth butt condition wherein a controller selectively closes the clutch to provide limited engagement between the engine and the transmission in case a tooth butt condition exists. If the tooth butt condition is not resolved, the controller then changes the target closed clutch position to provide a different level of engagement between the engine and the transmission. The process is repeated until the tooth butt condition is resolved.
- the object of the present invention is to provide fast and comfortable gear shifts during shift of an unsynchronised main gear.
- a method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting comprises a propulsion unit and a gearbox.
- the gearbox comprises an input shaft, a lay shaft connected to the input shaft, and a main shaft connected to the lay shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a first gear wheel configured to be engaged to the main shaft by a first coupling sleeve, the first coupling being axially movable and rotatably fixed to the main shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising a second coupling sleeve. The synchromesh arrangement is configured to engage the first gear wheel and/or a second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the method comprises a step of, when the input shaft is rotating, controlling the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partly engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the method is performed by a control device.
- a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve increases the probability for proper engagement of the respective cogs of the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- An increase of the difference in the rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve may further improve the probability for proper engagement.
- the difference in rotational speed may be increased up to a threshold value at which the probability for proper engagement is reduced again, for example due to the coupling sleeve risking bouncing against the cogs of the first gear wheel (a situation which also may be called gear grinding).
- fast and accurate gear shifts may be achieved. Fast and accurate gear shifts also contributes to the comfort for the driver and potential passengers of the vehicle.
- the method may further comprise controlling the rotational speed of the input shaft to achieve a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the method may comprise controlling an actuator of the synchromesh arrangement so as to achieve a desired frictional force between constituent components in the synchromesh arrangement, thereby in turn obtaining a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the method according to the present disclosure may be used in conjunction of any gear shift of an unsynchronised main gear, the method is particularly suitable when engaging a starting gear. In such a condition, there is a high probability for a cog-to-cog condition to occur between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve. Furthermore, since the main shaft of the gearbox in such a case is in a non-rotating state, the cog-to-cog situation may be difficult to solve without taking an active measure, such as achieved by the present method. Thus, according to one aspect, the main shaft may be in a non-rotating state at the initiation of the method.
- the method may be performed in order to overcome a prevailing cog-to-cog condition of the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve during gear shifting.
- the method may further comprise an initial step of detecting a cog-to-cog condition between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the synchromesh arrangement may be controlled so as to induce and/or increase the difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve as described above.
- the present disclosure further relates to a computer program comprising instructions, which when executed by a control device, cause the control device to perform the method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting as described above.
- the present disclosure further relates to a computer-readable medium comprising instructions, which when executed by a control device, cause the control device to perform the method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting as described above.
- a control device configured to control a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid a cog- to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- the vehicle powertrain comprises a propulsion unit and a gearbox.
- the gearbox comprises an input shaft, a lay shaft connected to the input shaft, and a main shaft connected to the lay shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a first gear wheel configured to be engaged to the main shaft by a first coupling sleeve, the first coupling being axially movable and rotatably fixed to the main shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising a second coupling sleeve. The synchromesh arrangement is configured to engage the first gear wheel and/or a second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the control device is configured to, when the input shaft is rotating, control the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partly engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the control device has the same advantages as described above with regard to the corresponding method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- the control device may further be configured to control the rotational speed of the input shaft to achieve a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the control device may further be configured to control an actuator of the synchromesh arrangement in order to achieve a desired frictional force in the synchromesh arrangement, thereby in turn achieving a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the control device may also be configured to determine a cog-to-cog condition between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve, and to perform the step of controlling the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve if a cog-to-cog condition has been determined.
- the present disclosure also relates to a vehicle comprising a propulsion unit and a gearbox.
- the vehicle further comprises a control device configured to control a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting as described above.
- Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a side view of a vehicle
- Fig. 2 schematically illustrates an example of a powertrain
- Fig. 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of an exemplifying synchromesh arrangement
- Fig. 4 represents a flowchart schematically illustrating an exemplifying embodiment of a method of controlling a vehicle powertrain
- Fig. 5 schematically illustrates a device that may constitute, comprise or be a part of a control device configured to control a vehicle powertrain.
- the vehicle powertrain comprises a propulsion unit, such as a combustion engine, and a gearbox.
- the gearbox comprises an input shaft, a lay shaft connected to the input shaft, and a main shaft connected to the lay shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a first gear wheel configured to be engaged to the main shaft by a first coupling sleeve.
- the first gear wheel is unsynchronised in relation to the main shaft. In other words, there is no separate arrangement, associated with the first gear wheel, which is configured to synchronise the first gear wheel and the main shaft.
- the first coupling sleeve is axially movable and rotatably fixed to the main shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising a second coupling sleeve.
- the second coupling sleeve may optionally be a split sleeve.
- the synchromesh arrangement is configured to engage the first gear wheel and/or a second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the method is performed by a control device configured to perform the method.
- the method comprises a step of, when the input shaft is rotating, controlling the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partially engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the method may comprise controlling the powertrain so as to initiate rotation of the input shaft of the gearbox. This may for example be performed by controlling the propulsion unit, which may be a combustion engine, so as to initiate the rotational movement of the input shaft of the gearbox.
- the powertrain comprises a clutch arranged between the propulsion unit and the gearbox, the clutch may be controlled to be in a fully engaged or partly engaged state for this purpose. Rotation of the input shaft of the gearbox may alternatively be induced by means of an electrical machine, if such an electrical machine is present in the vehicle powertrain.
- the method may be performed in order to overcome a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- Such a cog-to-cog condition may for example be detected or otherwise identified by a control device configured to control the vehicle powertrain.
- the method may for example be initiated upon detection of a prevailing cog-to-cog condition.
- the method may be performed in order to avoid a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- the method may be performed without an actual detection of a prevailing cog-to-cog condition, but in a situation where there is a risk for a cog-to-cog condition to occur which may not be automatically solved sufficiently fast to avoid disturbance in the operation of the vehicle.
- the method may be performed in conjunction with engagement of a starting gear when the vehicle is at standstill since in such a situation, the risk for a cog-to-cog condition which cannot be solved other than by taking an active measure may occur.
- the method may for example be initiated upon a request for engagement of a starting gear.
- the method is however not limited to a situation where a starting gear should be engaged, but could also be performed in conjunction with other gear shifts.
- the method according to the present disclosure thus utilises the synchromesh arrangement in the gearbox in contrast to previously known method where the clutch, arranged between the propulsion unit and the gearbox, is relied upon to solve the problem.
- This has the advantage of reducing the wear of the clutch which may otherwise occur as a result of multiple engagement/disengagement cycles of the clutch as proposed in previously discussed US 2004/0118652 Al.
- the present method may in exceptional cases be supplemented with a step of using the clutch after having induced and/or increased the rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve, if desired.
- the present method for controlling a powertrain also has the advantage of improving the accuracy when used in conjunction with engaging a starting gear.
- the reason for this is that speed sensors in a vehicle powertrain are normally designed to measure relative high rotational speeds. Therefore, when engaging a starting gear, there will normally be little or no information received from the sensor that is measuring rotational speed of the different shafts in the gearbox.
- the input shaft can have a higher rotational speed to engage the main gear in case of cog-to-cog conditions or risk therefore. This possibility of a higher rotational speed of the input shaft is due to the gear ratios as well as gliding of the frictional surfaces in the synchromesh arrangement when engaging a split gear.
- the higher rotational speed of the input shaft increases the accuracy of the reading of a sensor configured to measure the rotational speed thereof, thereby better accuracy in the control of the powertrain may be achieved. This will lead to faster, more comfortable, and more accurate engagements of the starting gear as well as less mechanical wear of components in the gearbox.
- the rotational speed of the input shaft may be controlled by means of any previously known method therefore, for example by means of an electrical motor, a transmission brake associated with the input shaft or lay shaft of the gearbox, or by partial engagement of the clutch.
- the method may comprise a step of controlling the rotational speed of the input shaft to achieve a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the desired amount of rotational difference may for example be a predetermined amount of rotational difference.
- the desired amount of rotational difference may be determined by progressively controlling the rotational speed of the input shaft and determining when the cog-to- cog condition has been overcome, i.e. when the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve are engaged.
- the method may comprise a step of controlling an actuator of the synchromesh arrangement to achieve a desired frictional force in the synchromesh arrangement, thereby in turn obtaining the desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the method may be performed when the vehicle is at standstill. In such a situation, the main shaft is in a non-rotating state at the initiation of the method.
- the present disclosure further relates to a control device configured to control a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- the control device is configured to control at least the gearbox of the vehicle powertrain.
- the vehicle powertrain comprises a propulsion unit, such as a combustion engine, and a gearbox.
- the gearbox comprises an input shaft, a lay shaft connected to the input shaft, and a main shaft connected to the lay shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a first gear wheel configured to be engaged to the main shaft by a first coupling sleeve.
- the first coupling sleeve is axially movable and rotatably fixed to the main shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising a second coupling sleeve.
- the synchromesh arrangement is configured to engage the first gear wheel and/or a second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the control device is configured to, when the input shaft is rotating, control the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partly engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the control device may further be configured to perform any one of the steps described above with reference to the corresponding method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition.
- FIG. 1 schematically illustrates a side view of an example of a vehicle 1.
- the vehicle 1 comprises a powertrain 3 comprising an internal combustion engine 2 and a gearbox 4.
- a clutch shown in Figure 2 may be arranged between the internal combustion engine 2 and the gearbox 4.
- the gearbox 4 is connected to the driving wheels 5 of the vehicle 1 via an output shaft 6 of the gearbox 4.
- the gearbox
- the vehicle 1 may be, but is not limited to, a heavy vehicle, e.g. a truck or a bus. Furthermore, the vehicle may be a hybrid vehicle comprising an electric machine (not shown) in addition to the internal combustion engine 2.
- FIG 2 schematically illustrates an exemplifying embodiment of a vehicle powertrain 3, such as a powertrain of the vehicle 1 shown in Figure 1.
- the powertrain 3 comprises a propulsion unit in the form of a combustion engine 2.
- the powertrain 3 further comprises a gearbox 4 and a clutch 9 arranged between the combustion engine 2 and the gearbox 4.
- the gearbox 4 may be an automated manual gearbox (AMT).
- the clutch 9 may be a friction clutch.
- the vehicle powertrain 3 furthermore comprises a control device 100, as will be described in more detail below.
- the control device 100 is configured to control at least a part of the powertrain. More specifically, the control device may be configured to control the gearbox 4.
- the gearbox 4 comprises an input shaft 10 connected to the clutch 9 and an output shaft 6 connected to the driving wheels 5.
- the gearbox 4 comprises a first gearbox unit 4A and a second gearbox unit 4B arranged downstream of the first gearbox unit 4A.
- the first gearbox unit 4A may be a split gearbox unit.
- the second gearbox unit 4B may constitute a conventional main gearbox that can be set to a number of different forward gear ratios.
- the second gearbox unit 4B is connectable to the first gearbox unit 4A.
- the gearbox may optionally comprise additional gearbox units as known in the art, for example a range gearbox arranged downstream of the second gearbox unit.
- the second gearbox unit 4B comprises a lay shaft 20 with a plurality of gear wheels 12B, 13B, 14B, 15B that are rotatably fixed to the lay shaft 20.
- gear wheel 12B may represent a first gear
- gear wheel 13B may represent a second gear
- gear wheel 14B may represent a third gear.
- the second gearbox 4B also comprises a main shaft 30 with corresponding gear wheels 12A, 13A, 14A/14A' which rotate freely in relation to the main shaft 30, but which can be selectively locked for rotation with the main shaft 30 in order to engage a gear.
- the second gearbox unit 4B is in neutral.
- the gear wheels 12A, 13A, 14A/14A' on the main shaft 30 may be locked by means of corresponding coupling sleeves 16, 17, 18.
- the first gear in the second gearbox 4B can be engaged by maneuvering the first sleeve 16, arranged to rotate with the main shaft 30, to a position where the gear wheel 12A is engaged, i.e. to the left in the figure.
- the gear wheel 12A will thereby rotate with the main shaft 30, and the lay shaft 20 will thereby be connected to the main shaft 30 via gear wheel 12B.
- Each pair of gear wheels on the lay shaft 20 and main shaft 30 represents a gear ratio.
- the second gear in the second gearbox unit 4B may be engaged by disengaging the first sleeve 16 from the gear wheel 12A and instead moving a second sleeve 17 to a position to the right in the figure where, instead, gear wheel 13A is engaged.
- the gear wheel 13A is thereby brought into rotation with the main shaft 30.
- the third gear in the second gearbox unit 4B may be engaged by maneuvering the second sleeve 17 to the left in the figure where, instead, gear wheel 14A/14A' is engaged.
- Each of the first through third gears in the second gearbox unit 4B is used for a plurality of the total number of gears provided by the gearbox 4 as a whole.
- the second gearbox unit 4B may further comprise one or more reverse gears (not shown) and a crawler gear (not shown).
- any one of gear wheels 12A, 13A, and 14A may constitute the herein denominated “first gear wheel”.
- the lay shaft 20 further comprises an additional gear wheel 15B that, similar to the above, is rotatably fixed to the lay shaft 20.
- the first gearbox unit 4A comprises a corresponding gear wheel 15A rotating freely in relation to the input shaft 10, but which may be selectively locked for rotation with the input shaft 10 through a split sleeve 18.
- torque can be transferred to the lay shaft 20 via the corresponding gear wheel 15B on the lay shaft 20.
- the split sleeve 18 can further be used to connect the input shaft 10 to the gear wheel 14A/14A' of the second gearbox unit 4B directly.
- the gear wheel pair 15A/15B and the split sleeve 18 can thereby be used to provide two different split gear ratios for each gear of the second gearbox unit 4B.
- the first gearbox unit 4A may thus be controlled to engage a high-split gear or a low-split gear.
- engaging the low-split gear may comprise to connect the input shaft 10 with the low gear wheel 14A/14A' on the main shaft 30 by means of the split sleeve 18.
- the split sleeve 18 may be arranged to engage gear wheel 14A/14A'.
- the input shaft 10 is directly connected to gear wheel 14B, which via gear 14B establishes a first gear ratio between the input shaft 10 and the lay shaft 20.
- the gear wheel 14A/14A' is not locked to the main shaft 20, but the lay shaft 20 may be connected to the main shaft 20 through gear wheel pair 12A/12B.
- gear wheel pair 15A/15B is instead engaged, resulting in a second gear ratio between the input shaft and the lay shaft 20.
- the gear wheel 12A is still engaged by the coupling sleeve 16 according to the above, thereby extending the range of each gear. This split can be performed for each gear of the second gearbox unit 4B.
- Each of the coupling sleeves 16, 17, 18 described above may for example be operated by pneumatic actuators (not shown). Furthermore, the clutch 9 may be operated by a pneumatic actuator (not shown).
- the second gearbox unit 4B comprises unsynchronised gears.
- the gearbox 4 may for example comprise one or more transmission brakes, each transmission brake being connected to and configured to brake a corresponding shaft of the gearbox in order to control the rotational speed of such a shaft.
- a transmission brake is shown in the form of a lay shaft transmission brake 21.
- the first gearbox unit comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising the coupling sleeve 18.
- a synchromesh arrangement in a powertrain of a vehicle is in general used to synchronise the rotational speed between transmission elements, such as a gear wheel and a shaft, before the gear wheel is locked on the shaft.
- the synchromesh arrangement comprises an axially displaceable coupling sleeve, a latch cone ring and an inner cone ring arranged on the side of the gear wheel associated with the synchromesh arrangement.
- the vehicle powertrain 3 further comprises a control device 100.
- the control device 100 may be configured to control one or more of the constituent components of the vehicle powertrain 3.
- the control device may be configured to control at least the gearbox 4.
- the control device 100 may comprise one or more control units. The responsibility for a specific function or control may be divided between two or more of the control units. One or more of the control units may be implemented in the form of a computer.
- the control device 100 may for example be connected to the power unit 2 and the gearbox 4.
- the control device 100 may also be connected to any other constituent component of the vehicle powertrain 3, for example the clutch 9.
- the connections of the control device 100 to any constituent component of the vehicle powertrain 3 may be in the form of physical connection(s) and/or wireless connection(s).
- the control of constituent components in the vehicle powertrain 3 may be governed by programmed instructions. These programmed instructions typically take the forms of a computer program which, when executed in a computer or control unit, causes the computer or control unit to effect desired forms of control action, for example the steps of the method disclosed herein. As described above, such a computer or control unit may be or constitute a part of the control device 100.
- FIG 3 schematically illustrates a sectional view of an exemplifying synchromesh arrangement 40, which may be comprised in the gearbox 4 of the powertrain 3 illustrated in Figure 2.
- the synchromesh arrangement will be described in conjunction with the gear wheel 14A/14A ' and the input shaft 10. It shall however be recognised that a synchromesh arrangement, such as the one described below, may be arranged at another position in the gearbox.
- the synchromesh arrangement 40 comprises a latch cone ring 46 and an inner cone ring 48 arranged on a first side of a first transmission element, such as a gear wheel 14A/14A ' .
- the synchromesh arrangement 40 further comprises a coupling sleeve, such as coupling sleeve 18.
- the coupling sleeve 18, latch cone ring 46 and the inner cone ring 48 are depicted on a distance to each other for clarity reason.
- the coupling sleeve 18 is axially displaceable by means of an actuator 54.
- the latch cone ring 46 and the inner cone ring 48 are provided with interacting friction surfaces 56A/56B, which may be of a conical design.
- the actuator 54 is configured to transmit an axial force to the latch cone ring 46 via the coupling sleeve 18 in order to bring about contact between the friction surfaces 56A/56B on the latch cone ring 46 and the inner cone ring 48, respectively, during gear shifting. This means that a film of lubricant formed between the friction surfaces 56A/56B is displaced and an initial torque between latch cone ring 46 and the inner cone ring 48 builds up.
- the first transmission element i.e. the gear wheel 14A/14A '
- the first transmission element may be engaged and locked on a second transmission element, such as input shaft 10, with the utilization of the axially displaceable coupling sleeve 18.
- a hub 58 provided with splines 60 on the periphery is attached to the input shaft 10 and is configured to allow the coupling sleeve 18 to move axially.
- the hub 58 transmits torque between the input shaft 10 and the coupling sleeve 18.
- the coupling sleeve 18 and gear wheel 14A/14A ' may have different rotational speeds during a gear shift when the gear wheel 14A/14A ' should be locked on the input shaft 10 by means of the coupling sleeve 18.
- the normal purpose of the synchromesh arrangement 40 when arranged as described here, is to synchronize the rotational speed between the sleeve 18 and the gear wheel 14A/14A ' before the gear wheel 14A/14A ' is locked on the shaft 10. If the synchromesh arrangement is arranged at another position in the gearbox, the purpose would be to synchronize the respective transmission elements where it is arranged.
- the latch cone ring 46 comprises latch teeth 62.
- the surface of the latch teeth are designed to engage internal teeth 64 of the coupling sleeve 18 during synchronization.
- the surface of the latch teeth 62 are suitably angled relative to the axis of rotation of the latch cone ring 46.
- the inner cone ring 48 comprises external teeth 74.
- the internal teeth 64 of the coupling sleeve 18 are configured to engage with the external teeth 74 at the end of a synchronization process.
- a number of balls 66 may optionally be arranged in the coupling sleeve 18.
- the purpose of such balls is to enable a so called pre-synchronization.
- the spring-loaded balls 66 may act on abutment means 70 arranged on the latch cone ring 46 to ensure that the latch teeth 62 of the latch cone ring 46 are in the correct axial position relative to the internal teeth 64 of the coupling sleeve 18 during pre-synchronization and the abutment means 70 press the spring-loaded balls 66 radially outwards when the coupling sleeve 18 moves axially in relation to the latch cone ring 46 when the pre-synchronization has ended and when the synchronization or main synchronization should start.
- the latch teeth 62 may extend in a direction parallel to the centre line of the latch cone ring 46 and in a peripheral direction.
- the abutment means 70 may extend in a direction parallel to the centre line of the latch cone ring 46 and in a peripheral direction.
- the abutment means 70 may have a larger extension than the latch teeth 62 in the direction parallel to the centre line.
- the synchromesh arrangement of the vehicle powertrain 3 is not limited to the synchromesh arrangement 40 described with reference to Figure 3. Any previously known synchromesh arrangement may be used.
- Figure 4 represents a flowchart schematically illustrating a method for controlling a vehicle powertrain in accordance with one exemplifying embodiment of the present disclosure.
- the method may comprise a first step, S105, of detecting that at least one criterion associated with a cog-to-cog condition is fulfilled.
- the criterion may for example be that a cog-to-cog condition is present, or that there is a risk for a cog-to-cog condition, which cannot be solved sufficiently fast without taking an active measure.
- the method comprises a step, S110, of, when the input shaft is rotating, controlling the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partly engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the method may further, after step S110, comprise a step, S115, of checking whether a cog-to-cog condition is present between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve. If not, the method may be terminated. If step S115 reveals that a cog-to-cog condition is prevailing, the method may comprise a step, S120, of increasing the difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- This may be achieved by increasing the rotational speed of the input shaft.
- this may be achieved by controlling an actuator of the synchromesh arrangement to achieve another degree of engagement of frictional surfaces of the synchromesh arrangement, i.e. a different frictional force in the synchromesh arrangement.
- the method may further comprise a step of reducing the rotational speed of the input shaft.
- This may for example be achieved by means of a transmission brake, an electrical motor or by means of the clutch, or any other previously known method therefore.
- Such a step of reducing the rotational speed of the input shaft may be performed prior to, or after, step S110 described above.
- the method according to the present disclosure for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting will be exemplified with reference to the powertrain 3 illustrated in Figure 2.
- the method will be exemplified based on an initial condition wherein the vehicle is at standstill, and the main shaft 30 therefore is in a non-rotating state.
- the examples below apply in a corresponding manner during a gear shift even if the vehicle is not at standstill and the main shaft therefore is rotating at the initiation of the method.
- the examples below assume that the synchromesh arrangement comprises the coupling sleeve 18.
- gear wheel 14A/14A' is denominated 14A when it represents the first gear wheel and is denominated 14A' when it represents the second gear wheel in the method disclosed herein.
- a situation is considered where the main shaft 30 is not rotating as a result of the vehicle being at standstill, and the gear wheel to be engaged to the main shaft 30 constitutes the gear wheel 12A.
- the gear wheel 12A thus represents the "first gear wheel” and the coupling sleeve 16 represents the “first coupling sleeve” according to the method disclosed herein.
- the synchromesh arrangement is controlled such as to at least partly engage gear wheel 14A' to the input shaft 10.
- the gear wheel 14A' is here functioning as the "second gear wheel” according to the method.
- the gear wheel to be engaged to the main shaft 30 constitutes the gear wheel 13A.
- the gear wheel 13A thus represents the "first gear wheel” and the coupling sleeve 17 represents the “first coupling sleeve” according to this second example.
- the synchromesh arrangement is controlled such as to at least partly engage gear wheel 14A' to the input shaft 10 when the input shaft is rotating. Thereby, the lay shaft 20 will start to rotate, which in turn causes a rotation of the "first gear wheel", here gear wheel 13A.
- the gear wheel to be engaged to the main shaft constitutes the gear wheel 14A and the gear shift to be performed is intended to be to a gear ratio 1:1 through the gearbox units 4A and 4B.
- a gear ratio is achieved when the input shaft 10 is directly connected to the main shaft 30.
- the "first gear wheel” is represented by gear wheel 14A and the “first coupling sleeve” is represented by coupling sleeve 17.
- the synchromesh arrangement is controlled so as to at least partly engage the "first gear wheel”, here gear wheel 14A, to the input shaft 10.
- the gear wheel 14A will thereby start to rotate and a difference in rotational speed between the "first gear wheel” (i.e.
- the gear wheel to be engaged to the main shaft constitutes the gear wheel 14A.
- the "first gear wheel” is represented by gear wheel 14A and the “first coupling sleeve” is represented by coupling sleeve 17.
- the synchromesh arrangement is associated with gear wheel 15A.
- synchromesh arrangement is controlled so as to engage a "second gear wheel”, here gear wheel 15A, to the input shaft 10 by means of the coupling sleeve 18.
- the lay shaft 20 will start to rotate, which in turn causes the gear wheel 14A to rotate.
- a difference in rotational speed between the gear wheel 14A and the coupling sleeve 17 will be induced.
- a cog-to-cog condition may be avoided, or if already present, be overcome.
- gear wheels 12A and 13A may be selected as the "first gear wheel” according to the fourth example above in the same way as gear wheel 14A.
- the "first coupling sleeve” will in such cases naturally be the corresponding coupling sleeve configured to engage such a "first gear wheel”.
- FIG. 5 schematically illustrates an exemplifying embodiment of a device 500.
- the control device 100 described above may for example comprise the device 500, consist of the device 500, or be comprised in the device 500.
- the device 500 shown in the figure, comprises a non-volatile memory 520, a data processing unit 510 and a read/write memory 550.
- the non-volatile memory 520 has a first memory element 530 in which a computer program, e.g. an operating system, is stored for controlling the function of the device 500.
- the device 500 further comprises a bus controller, a serial communication port, I/O means, an A/D converter, a time and date input and transfer unit, an event counter and an interruption controller (not depicted).
- the non-volatile memory 520 has also a second memory element 540.
- a computer program P that comprises routines for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition during gear shifting.
- the powertrain comprises a propulsion unit and a gearbox.
- the gearbox comprises an input shaft, a lay shaft connected to the input shaft, and a main shaft connected to the lay shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a first gear wheel configured to be engaged to the main shaft by a first coupling sleeve.
- the first coupling sleeve is axially movable and rotatably fixed to the main shaft.
- the gearbox further comprises a synchromesh arrangement comprising a second coupling sleeve. The synchromesh arrangement is configured to engage the first gear wheel and/or a second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the computer program comprises routines for controlling the synchromesh arrangement so as to induce and/or increase a difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve by at least partly engaging the first gear wheel or the second gear wheel to the input shaft.
- the computer program may further comprise routines for controlling the rotational speed of the input shaft to achieve a desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the computer program may alternatively comprise routines for controlling an actuator of the synchromesh arrangement to achieve a desired frictional force in the synchromesh arrangement, thereby in turn obtaining the desired amount of difference in rotational speed between the first gear wheel and the first coupling sleeve.
- the program P may be stored in an executable form or in a compressed form in a memory 560 and/or in a read/write memory 550.
- the data processing unit 510 may perform certain functions. For example, the data processing unit 510 may effect a certain part of the program stored in the memory 560 or a certain part of the program stored in the read/write memory 550.
- the data processing device 510 can communicate with a data port 599 via a data bus 515.
- the non volatile memory 520 may be intended for communication with the data processing unit 510 via a data bus 512.
- the separate memory 560 may be intended to communicate with the data processing unit 510 via a data bus 511.
- the read/write memory 550 may be adapted to communicate with the data processing unit 510 via a data bus 514.
- the data processing unit 510 may be prepared to effect code execution according to a computer program comprising program code for causing a control device to perform the method (or parts thereof) for controlling a braking system for a vehicle as described herein.
- Parts of the methods herein described may be effected by the device 500 by means of the data processing unit 510 which runs the program stored in the memory 560 or the read/write memory 550. When the device 500 runs the program, methods herein described are executed.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Control Of Transmission Device (AREA)
- Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mathematical Physics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/610,358 US11840237B2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-05 | Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition, computer program, computer-readable medium and vehicle |
BR112021021586A BR112021021586A2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-05 | Control device and method for controlling a vehicle's power train to overcome, or avoid, a friction condition, computer readable medium and vehicle |
CN202080030202.4A CN113710928B (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-05 | Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome or avoid a cogging interface condition, computer program, computer readable medium and vehicle |
EP20809644.6A EP3969787A4 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-05 | Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition, computer program, computer-readable medium and vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE1950587A SE543707C2 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2019-05-17 | Method and arrangement for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition |
SE1950587-4 | 2019-05-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020236060A1 true WO2020236060A1 (en) | 2020-11-26 |
Family
ID=73458251
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/SE2020/050452 WO2020236060A1 (en) | 2019-05-17 | 2020-05-05 | Control device and method for controlling a vehicle powertrain to overcome, or avoid, a cog-to-cog condition, computer program, computer-readable medium and vehicle |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11840237B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP3969787A4 (en) |
CN (1) | CN113710928B (en) |
BR (1) | BR112021021586A2 (en) |
SE (1) | SE543707C2 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2020236060A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
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---|---|---|---|---|
SE2051501A1 (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2022-06-19 | Scania Cv Ab | Control device and method for engaging a start gear in a gearbox |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3969787A1 (en) | 2022-03-23 |
CN113710928A (en) | 2021-11-26 |
SE1950587A1 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
US20220227371A1 (en) | 2022-07-21 |
CN113710928B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
US11840237B2 (en) | 2023-12-12 |
EP3969787A4 (en) | 2023-01-25 |
BR112021021586A2 (en) | 2022-01-04 |
SE543707C2 (en) | 2021-06-22 |
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