WO2020143154A1 - Anchor rod supporting method applying deforming energy-absorbing anchor ring for preventing anchor rod from being broken and ejected - Google Patents
Anchor rod supporting method applying deforming energy-absorbing anchor ring for preventing anchor rod from being broken and ejected Download PDFInfo
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- WO2020143154A1 WO2020143154A1 PCT/CN2019/088695 CN2019088695W WO2020143154A1 WO 2020143154 A1 WO2020143154 A1 WO 2020143154A1 CN 2019088695 W CN2019088695 W CN 2019088695W WO 2020143154 A1 WO2020143154 A1 WO 2020143154A1
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- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- anchor ring
- anchor rod
- ring
- tray
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 ester compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007850 fluorescent dye Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 3
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920005372 Plexiglas® Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical group OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/16—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. optical strain gauge
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L1/00—Measuring force or stress, in general
- G01L1/24—Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations of optical properties of material when it is stressed, e.g. by photoelastic stress analysis using infrared, visible light, ultraviolet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a bolt supporting method, in particular to a section suitable for soft rock large-deformation roadway or a section that needs to be supported by pressure-absorbing support, a deformation-energy-absorbing anchor ring for protecting the safety of miners, and prevention of bolt ejection from breaking Anchor support method.
- Bolt support technology plays an extremely important role in the field of coal mine support in my country, with obvious economic and technical benefits, so it is widely promoted and applied.
- many mines can encounter soft rock large deformation tunnels or tunnels with impact tendency such as rock bursts.
- Such tunnels have high original rock stress and complicated stress disturbance, and most tunnels have to bear once Or multiple excavation disturbances.
- most projects tend to adopt dense support, lengthened support, super support and other solutions to deal with this problem, but it has brought a series of problems such as increased cost, complicated operation, and slow construction period.
- the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, to provide a method of simple and easy to operate, low cost, strong adaptability, deformation prevention energy absorption anchor ring that can prevent accidents and prevention of anchor rod breakage
- the ejection bolt support method is especially suitable for soft rock high-stress roadways or roadways with impact tendency.
- the deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting method for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod from breakage include anchor rods that extend into the borehole and are fixed by an anchoring agent, and are sequentially arranged on the exposed anchor rods of the hole with wire mesh,
- the tray and the nut are provided with two holes at the tail end of the anchor rod that are crossed in a cross shape at the tail of the anchor rod, and an anchor ring is provided between the tray and the nut.
- the opposite holes on the rod, the contact ends of the anchor ring with the tray and the nut are flat, respectively are the fitting surface of the anchor ring nut end and the anchor ring tray end fitting surface, and the outer arc surfaces on both sides of the anchor ring fitting surface Two fluorescent bands are laid respectively on the top.
- the inner diameter of the anchor ring is 90-110mm, the outer diameter is 120-140mm, the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction is 30-50mm, the diameter of the opposite hole of the anchor rod is 19-23mm, the anchor
- the opposite holes of the ring are divided into anchor ring nut end openings and anchor ring tray end openings, and rubber washers are set in the opposite hole holes, respectively, anchor ring nut end opening rubber washers and anchor ring tray end opening rubbers washer.
- the width of the anchor ring opposite hole and the end of the anchor ring is 50-60mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction; the end of the anchor ring and the end of the anchor ring The width is 30-40mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction.
- the two fluorescent bands (3) are arranged symmetrically.
- the center angle of the anchor ring is 90° along the outer circumference of the anchor ring.
- the center line is perpendicular to the axis of the opposite hole of the anchor ring.
- the inside of the plastic fluorescent tape is divided into two rooms: the inner layer is the inner layer of the fluorescent tape encapsulated with ester compounds and fluorescent dyes (3-1), and the outer layer is the outer layer of the fluorescent tape encapsulated with peroxide (3- 2), the inner layer (3-1) of the fluorescent band machine glass is located in the middle.
- the anchor ring is made of alloy steel with a yield strength of 180-200MPa.
- the hole at the tail of the anchor is provided with two cross-shaped holes at the tail end of the anchor, the hole diameter is 3-5mm, the distance between the two holes is 20-30mm, and the outer hole is 10-30mm from the end of the anchor .
- the specific support steps are as follows:
- the present invention is especially suitable for soft rock high-stress roadways or roadways with impact tendency, has deformation energy absorption characteristics, adapts to rock deformation; can pre-warn broken catapults of key parts of the bolt support system, and adopt measures in time to prevent accidents occur.
- the fluorescent band also deforms with the deformation of the anchor ring. When the deformation range exceeds the bending limit of the plexiglass, the inner layer liquid and the outer layer liquid mix to produce a fluorescent effect.
- Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is actually applied
- Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the tail end of the present invention when it is actually applied;
- FIG. 3 is a three-dimensional view of the anchor ring at the fitting end of the nut of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the anchoring ring at the fitting end of the tray in the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view when the anchor ring is deformed in the actual application of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a top view of FIG. 5 in the present invention.
- the deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor supporting device for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod from breaking include the anchor rod 1 that extends into the borehole 8 and is fixed by the anchoring agent 9 and is sequentially arranged at the orifice A barbed wire 7, a tray 6 and a nut 4 are provided on the exposed anchor rod 1.
- Two tail holes 5 at the rear end of the anchor rod 1 are provided at the tail of the anchor rod 1 and are arranged between the tray 6 and the nut 4
- Anchor ring 2 which has a facing hole pierced on the anchor rod 1
- the contact end of the anchor ring 2 with the tray 6 and the nut 4 is a plane, which is the fitting surface of the nut end of the anchor ring and the anchor, respectively
- Two fluorescent bands 3 are respectively laid on the outer circular arc surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the bonding surface of the ring tray end and the anchor ring 2.
- the inner diameter of the anchor ring 2 is 90-110mm, the outer diameter is 120-140mm, the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction is 30-50mm, and the diameter of the opposite hole of the anchor rod 1 is 19-23mm
- the opposite holes of the anchor ring are divided into the anchor hole end opening 2-1 and the anchor ring tray end opening 2-4, and the opposite hole holes are all covered with rubber washers, which are respectively the anchor ring nut end opening rubber washers 2-2 and Anchor ring tray end rubber gasket 2-5.
- the opposite hole of the anchor ring 2 is attached to the tray 6 and the width of the end fitting surface 2-6 of the end of the anchor ring is 50-60mm, the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction; the end of the anchor ring is attached to the nut 4
- the width of the fitting surface 2-3 of the nut end is 30-40mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction.
- the two fluorescent bands 3 are arranged symmetrically.
- the center angle of the anchor ring is 90° along the outer circumference of the anchor ring.
- the center line is perpendicular to the axis of the opposite hole of the anchor ring.
- Part is the inner and outer houses, the inner layer is the inner layer of the fluorescent bandage encapsulated with ester compounds and fluorescent dyes 3-1, the outer layer is the outer layer of the fluorescent bandage encapsulated with peroxides 3-2, the inner part of the fluorescent bands is the machine glass Layer 3-1 is located in the middle.
- the ester compound uses bis-oxalate, and the peroxide is hydrogen peroxide. When the two are mixed, energy will be released, which will be transferred to the fluorescent pigment molecules, and the fluorescent dye will then release energy in the form of visible light.
- the anchor ring 2 is made of alloy steel and has a yield strength of 180-200 MPa.
- the rear end of the anchor rod 1 is provided with two cross-shaped cross-shaped anchor end openings 5 with a hole diameter of 3-5mm, the distance between the two holes is 20-30mm, and the outer hole is 10 away from the end of the anchor -30mm.
- the fluorescent band deforms accordingly.
- the fluorescent band 3 in the middle of the fluorescent band 3 has the organic glass inner layer 3-1 Cracked, the ester compound and fluorescent dye in the inner layer 3-1 of the fluorescent band organic glass reacted with the peroxide in the outer layer 3-2 of the fluorescent band to release fluorescence; the greater the deformation of the anchor ring 2, the fluorescent band The larger the rupture range of the inner glass layer 3-1, the stronger the intensity of fluorescence, which indicates that the anchor ring 2 is subjected to more stress, and the greater the probability of the ejection of the anchor rod breaking;
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Devices Affording Protection Of Roads Or Walls For Sound Insulation (AREA)
- Piles And Underground Anchors (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed is an anchor rod supporting method applying a deforming energy-absorbing anchor ring for preventing an anchor rod from being broken and ejected, particularly suitable for soft rock large-deformation roadways or sections requiring energy-absorbing yielding supporting. According to the method, the anchor rod (1) penetrates through the anchor ring (2) having opposite holes, and by applying pressure to rock mass (10) by means of a tray (6) and a nut (4), deformation is prevented. When the stress of the anchor rod is increased, the anchor ring deforms in a direction along the opposite holes, and thus the energy-absorbing effect is achieved. The deformation amplitude of the anchor ring can be observed by utilizing fluorescent bands (3) oppositely disposed on the outer sides of the anchor ring, so that the stress of the anchor rod is pre-determined, and a warning effect on sudden breakage of a potential part is achieved. When the deformation of the anchor ring is too large or the fluorescence range is too large, anti-ejection iron wires (11) penetrate through two holes (5) which are formed at the tail portion of the anchor rod in a crossed mode, and are screwed and fixed on an iron wire net (7). If the anchor rod is broken at any key position, the two anti-ejection iron wires which are disposed in the crossed mode can prevent the anchor rod from being ejected into the space of the roadway, and people are prevented from being injured. Also disclosed is an anchor rod supporting apparatus applying a deforming energy-absorbing anchor ring for preventing an anchor rod from being broken and ejected, which is simple in structure, convenient to operate, low in economic costs, safe, reliable and good in effect.
Description
本发明涉及一种锚杆支护方法,尤其是一种适用于软岩大变形巷道或需采用吸能让压支护的地段、保护矿工安全的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法。The invention relates to a bolt supporting method, in particular to a section suitable for soft rock large-deformation roadway or a section that needs to be supported by pressure-absorbing support, a deformation-energy-absorbing anchor ring for protecting the safety of miners, and prevention of bolt ejection from breaking Anchor support method.
锚杆支护技术在我国煤矿支护领域起着极为重要的作用,具有明显的经济技术效益,因此被广泛推广应用。近年来,随着煤矿开采深度的增加,在很多矿井都能够遇到软岩大变形巷道或者具有岩爆等冲击倾向巷道,此类巷道原岩应力高,应力扰动复杂,且多数巷道要承受一次或者多次采掘扰动。当前多数工程倾向于采用密集支护、加长支护、超强支护等方案来应对这一问题,但是随之而来带来了成本升高,操作复杂,工期缓慢等一系列问题。Bolt support technology plays an extremely important role in the field of coal mine support in my country, with obvious economic and technical benefits, so it is widely promoted and applied. In recent years, with the increase in the depth of coal mining, many mines can encounter soft rock large deformation tunnels or tunnels with impact tendency such as rock bursts. Such tunnels have high original rock stress and complicated stress disturbance, and most tunnels have to bear once Or multiple excavation disturbances. At present, most projects tend to adopt dense support, lengthened support, super support and other solutions to deal with this problem, but it has brought a series of problems such as increased cost, complicated operation, and slow construction period.
毋庸置疑的是,在上述工程技术背景下,锚杆支护技术仍旧具有较高的普遍适用性。为了应对并适应上述工程地质条件,近年来诸多国内外学者都提出:软岩高应力条件下或者具有冲击倾向的巷道支护要求支护构件具备一定的让压变形能力,要求支护构件能够适应岩体的变形。例如,我国何满潮院士所提出的恒阻大变形锚杆,还有挪威科技大学Charlie C.Li教授所提出的D型锚杆,这些锚杆在应用于软岩高应力巷道和冲击倾向巷道时都取得了非常理想的经济技术效果,具有非常广泛的影响力。Undoubtedly, under the above engineering technology background, the bolt support technology still has a high general applicability. In order to cope with and adapt to the above-mentioned engineering geological conditions, many domestic and foreign scholars have proposed in recent years: under high-stress conditions of soft rock or impact-prone tunnel support, the supporting member must have a certain ability to withstand deformation, and the supporting member must be able to adapt Deformation of the rock mass. For example, the constant resistance large deformation anchor bolt proposed by Academician He Manchao in our country, and the D-type anchor bolt proposed by Professor Charlie C. Li of Norwegian University of Science and Technology, these bolts are used in soft rock high stress roadways and impact-prone roadways. It has achieved very ideal economic and technological effects and has a very wide influence.
另外一方面,当锚杆受力超过自身强度时,将会发生锚杆突然断裂现象,从而在瞬间将产生很大的冲击力。这种冲击力源自岩体变形能量,岩体变形将这种能量集聚于锚杆杆体上,迫使后者在杆体上承受非常高的预拉力。在断裂的瞬间,岩体外部构件将会像“离弦的箭”或者“子弹”一样射向巷道开放空间,对开放空间内的作业人员和设备产生巨大伤害。不管是螺母弹射还是破断杆体弹射,都具有巨大安全隐患,我国淮南矿区、山东新汶矿区等每年由于巷道锚杆支护部件骤然弹射造成的设备损伤和人员伤亡事故时有发生。On the other hand, when the force of the anchor rod exceeds its own strength, a sudden fracture of the anchor rod will occur, resulting in a large impact force in an instant. This impact force originates from the deformation energy of the rock mass, and the deformation of the rock mass concentrates this energy on the anchor rod body, forcing the latter to withstand a very high pretension on the rod body. At the moment of fracture, the external components of the rock mass will shoot like an "off-string arrow" or "bullet" into the open space of the roadway, causing huge damage to the operators and equipment in the open space. Whether it is nut ejection or broken rod ejection, there are huge potential safety hazards. In my country's Huainan mining area and Shandong Xinwen mining area, equipment damage and casualty accidents occur every year due to sudden ejection of roadway bolt support components.
针对上述问题,目前还没有一套健全的科学预警***或措施。部分煤矿采用给锚杆尾部“带帽”或者“缠绕铁丝”的方式来阻止潜在断裂弹射,具有一定盲目性和不可预测性。而将所有锚杆支护***都采用这一方式,则有些锚杆支护***在巷道正常服役期间最终并未发生实际弹射,这样一来会造成作业时间长,拖慢掘进速度等问题。In response to the above problems, there is currently no sound scientific early warning system or measures. Some coal mines use the method of "capping" or "winding wire" at the end of the anchor rod to prevent potential fracture ejection, which is blind and unpredictable. However, this method is adopted for all anchor support systems, and some anchor support systems did not actually eject during the normal service of the roadway, which would cause problems such as long operation time and slow down the driving speed.
发明内容Summary of the invention
技术问题:本发明的目的是要克服现有技术中存在的不足之处,提供一种方法简单易操作、成本低、适应性强、能防止事故发生的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,尤其适用于软岩高应力巷道或具有冲击倾向巷道。Technical problem: The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings in the prior art, to provide a method of simple and easy to operate, low cost, strong adaptability, deformation prevention energy absorption anchor ring that can prevent accidents and prevention of anchor rod breakage The ejection bolt support method is especially suitable for soft rock high-stress roadways or roadways with impact tendency.
技术方案:本发明的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,包括伸入钻孔内并经锚固剂固定的锚杆、依次布置在孔口外露锚杆上铁丝网、托盘和螺母,在所述的锚杆尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔,在托盘和螺母之间设有锚环,所述锚环上开有穿套在锚杆上的对向孔,锚环与托盘和螺母的接触端为平面,分别为锚环螺母端贴合面和锚环托盘端贴合面,锚环贴合面上下两侧的外圆弧面上分别敷设有两条荧光带。Technical solution: The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting method for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod from breakage include anchor rods that extend into the borehole and are fixed by an anchoring agent, and are sequentially arranged on the exposed anchor rods of the hole with wire mesh, The tray and the nut are provided with two holes at the tail end of the anchor rod that are crossed in a cross shape at the tail of the anchor rod, and an anchor ring is provided between the tray and the nut. The opposite holes on the rod, the contact ends of the anchor ring with the tray and the nut are flat, respectively are the fitting surface of the anchor ring nut end and the anchor ring tray end fitting surface, and the outer arc surfaces on both sides of the anchor ring fitting surface Two fluorescent bands are laid respectively on the top.
所述的锚环的内径为90-110mm,外径为120-140mm,锚环沿着轴向方向的高度为30-50mm,穿套在锚杆上的对向孔孔径为19-23mm,锚环的对向孔分为锚环螺母端开孔和锚环托盘端开孔,对向孔孔内均套装有橡胶垫圈,分别为锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈和锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈。The inner diameter of the anchor ring is 90-110mm, the outer diameter is 120-140mm, the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction is 30-50mm, the diameter of the opposite hole of the anchor rod is 19-23mm, the anchor The opposite holes of the ring are divided into anchor ring nut end openings and anchor ring tray end openings, and rubber washers are set in the opposite hole holes, respectively, anchor ring nut end opening rubber washers and anchor ring tray end opening rubbers washer.
所述锚环对向孔与托盘贴合一端锚环托盘端贴合面的宽度为50-60mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度;与螺母贴合一端锚环螺母端贴合面的宽度为30-40mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度。The width of the anchor ring opposite hole and the end of the anchor ring is 50-60mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction; the end of the anchor ring and the end of the anchor ring The width is 30-40mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction.
所述的两条荧光带(3)对称设置,荧光带(3)沿着锚环外周敷设范围所对应锚环圆心角为90°,中心连线与锚环对向孔轴线相互垂直,每条塑料荧光带内部分为内外两屋,内层为封装有酯类化合物和荧光染料的荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1),外层为封装有过氧化物的荧光带外层(3-2),荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1)位于中部。The two fluorescent bands (3) are arranged symmetrically. The center angle of the anchor ring is 90° along the outer circumference of the anchor ring. The center line is perpendicular to the axis of the opposite hole of the anchor ring. The inside of the plastic fluorescent tape is divided into two rooms: the inner layer is the inner layer of the fluorescent tape encapsulated with ester compounds and fluorescent dyes (3-1), and the outer layer is the outer layer of the fluorescent tape encapsulated with peroxide (3- 2), the inner layer (3-1) of the fluorescent band machine glass is located in the middle.
所述的锚环由合金钢制成,屈服强度为180-200MPa。The anchor ring is made of alloy steel with a yield strength of 180-200MPa.
所述锚杆尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔的孔径为3-5mm,两个孔的间距为20-30mm,其中外侧孔距离锚杆端头为10-30mm。The hole at the tail of the anchor is provided with two cross-shaped holes at the tail end of the anchor, the hole diameter is 3-5mm, the distance between the two holes is 20-30mm, and the outer hole is 10-30mm from the end of the anchor .
一种使用权利要求1所述的装置的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,包括在预定岩***置按照既定规程钻孔、塞入锚固剂、钻进锚杆;具体支护步骤如下:A deformation energy-absorbing anchor ring using the device of claim 1 and a bolt supporting method for preventing the ejection of the bolt from breaking, including drilling holes at a predetermined rock mass location, inserting an anchoring agent, and drilling into the anchor rod ; The specific support steps are as follows:
(1)将托盘压覆在钻孔孔口处的铁丝网上,检查锚环上对向孔的锚环螺母端开孔和锚环托盘端开孔内锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈和锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈的位置,检查荧光带的贴合固定情况,而后先将锚环的锚环托盘端贴合面一侧的锚环托盘端开孔穿入锚杆,再将与锚环螺母端贴合面一侧的锚环螺母端开孔穿入锚杆,将锚环压紧托盘;(1) Press the tray on the wire mesh at the hole of the drilling hole, check the opening of the anchor ring nut end of the opposite hole on the anchor ring and the inner ring of the anchor ring nut end of the anchor ring tray end rubber gasket and anchor ring The position of the rubber gasket at the end of the tray, check the fitting of the fluorescent tape, and then pass the opening of the end of the anchor ring tray end of the anchor ring tray end of the anchor ring into the anchor rod, and then connect the anchor ring The opening of the nut end of the anchor ring on the side of the fitting surface of the nut end penetrates the anchor rod, and the anchor ring is pressed against the tray;
(2)将螺母穿过锚杆尾部,拧紧在锚环上,按已有技术利用机具施加到规定的扭矩;(2) Pass the nut through the tail of the anchor rod, tighten it on the anchor ring, and apply the specified torque with the machine tool according to the prior art;
(3)观察锚环的变形,锚环变形时荧光带随之变形,锚环沿对向孔直径方向变形超过30%时,荧光带内中部的荧光带有机玻璃内层开始破裂,荧光带有机玻璃内层中的酯类化合物和荧光染料渗出与有机玻璃内层外的荧光带外层中的过氧化物发生反应,释放荧光;锚环变形越大,荧光带有机玻璃内层破裂范围越大,荧光显现强度越强,预示锚环承受应力越大,潜在发生锚杆断裂弹射概率就越大;(3) Observe the deformation of the anchor ring. When the anchor ring is deformed, the fluorescent band deforms accordingly. When the anchor ring is deformed by more than 30% along the diameter of the opposite hole, the inner layer of the fluorescent band machine in the middle of the fluorescent band begins to break, and the fluorescent band machine The ester compounds and fluorescent dyes in the inner layer of glass react with the peroxide in the outer layer of the fluorescent band outside the inner layer of plexiglass to release fluorescence; the greater the deformation of the anchor ring, the more the broken range of the inner layer of the organic band of the fluorescent band The greater the intensity of the fluorescence, the greater the stress on the anchor ring, and the greater the probability of catapult ejection potential;
(4)当锚环在对向孔方向的变形超过三分之二时,或荧光带内荧光扩散范围超过荧光带长度三分之二时,分别用两根防弹射铁丝穿过锚杆尾部的穿孔,防弹射铁丝两端分别拧紧固定在托盘附近的铁丝网上,两根防弹射铁丝呈现十字形交叉分布状;(4) When the deformation of the anchor ring in the direction of the opposing hole exceeds two-thirds, or the range of fluorescence diffusion in the fluorescent band exceeds two-thirds of the length of the fluorescent band, use two bulletproof wire to pass through the tail of the anchor Perforation, the two ends of the bulletproof wire are respectively fastened and fixed on the wire mesh near the tray, and the two bulletproof wires show a cross-shaped distribution;
(5)当锚杆杆体应力达到承载极限而引发锚杆断裂时,无论是托盘、螺母的骤然弹射,还是锚环的骤然弹射,都将被十字形交叉分布的防弹射铁丝所阻拦。(5) When the stress of the anchor rod body reaches the load limit and the anchor rod breaks, whether it is the sudden ejection of the tray and the nut, or the sudden ejection of the anchor ring, it will be blocked by the cross-shaped and distributed bulletproof wire.
有益效果:本发明尤其适用于软岩高应力巷道或具有冲击倾向巷道,具有变形吸能特性,适应岩体变形;能够预警锚杆支护***关键部位的破断弹射,并及时采用措施,防止事故发生。与现有技术相比的优点:Beneficial effect: The present invention is especially suitable for soft rock high-stress roadways or roadways with impact tendency, has deformation energy absorption characteristics, adapts to rock deformation; can pre-warn broken catapults of key parts of the bolt support system, and adopt measures in time to prevent accidents occur. Advantages compared to existing technology:
1)具有变形吸能优势。通过采用在托盘与螺母之间增设锚环,锚环的屈服强度低于锚杆屈服强度,优先于锚杆产生变形。锚环在对向孔轴向方向上产生变形,能够变“不可缩支护”为“可缩支护”或“柔性支护”,增强了锚杆支护***对岩体变形的适应性,协调了岩体变形与锚杆变形的不一致性,延缓了锚杆支护***在过大岩体变形下的提前失效。此外,锚环的对向孔内均套有橡胶垫圈,避免了锚杆杆体与对向孔孔壁之间的硬接触,也避免了锚环在变形过程中对锚杆杆体产生应力集中。1) It has the advantages of deformation energy absorption. By adopting an additional anchor ring between the tray and the nut, the yield strength of the anchor ring is lower than the yield strength of the anchor rod, and deformation takes priority over the anchor rod. The anchor ring is deformed in the axial direction of the opposite hole, which can be changed from "non-shrinkable support" to "shrinkable support" or "flexible support", which enhances the adaptability of the anchor support system to rock deformation, Coordinated the inconsistency between rock mass deformation and bolt deformation, and delayed the premature failure of the bolt support system under the deformation of excessive rock mass. In addition, rubber gaskets are set in the opposite holes of the anchor ring, which avoids the hard contact between the anchor rod body and the wall of the opposite hole hole, and also avoids the stress concentration of the anchor rod on the anchor rod body during the deformation process.
2)具有破断弹射预警功能。锚环外壁对向固定的荧光带内部有过氧化物、酯类化合物和荧光染料,其中过氧化物为外层,酯类化合物和荧光染料通过有机玻璃包装为内层。荧光带随着锚环变形也变形,变形幅度超过有机玻璃弯曲极限时,内层液体与外层液体混合,产生荧光效应。锚环变形越大,有机玻璃破裂范围越大,荧光显现强度越强,预示锚环承受应力越大,潜在发生锚杆断裂弹射概率就越大。2) It has an early warning function for broken ejection. The inner side of the fluorescent band with the anchoring ring outer wall fixed with peroxides, ester compounds and fluorescent dyes, wherein the peroxide is the outer layer, and the ester compounds and the fluorescent dyes are packaged through the organic glass as the inner layer. The fluorescent band also deforms with the deformation of the anchor ring. When the deformation range exceeds the bending limit of the plexiglass, the inner layer liquid and the outer layer liquid mix to produce a fluorescent effect. The greater the deformation of the anchor ring, the greater the rupture range of the plexiglass, and the stronger the fluorescence intensity, indicating that the anchor ring is subjected to more stress, and the greater the probability of ejection of the anchor rod fracture.
(3)具有破断防弹射功能。当锚环在对向孔方向的变形超过三分之二时,或荧光带内荧光扩散范围超过荧光带长度三分之二时,分别用两根防弹射铁丝穿过锚杆尾部穿孔,并拧紧固定在托盘附近的铁丝网上。当锚杆杆体应力达到承载极限而引发锚杆断裂时,无论是托盘、螺母的骤然弹射,还是锚环、锚杆的骤然弹射,都能够被十字形交叉分布的防弹射铁丝所阻拦。能够提高井下人员和设备的安全性。依托于该锚环,无需在安设每根锚杆时都加装防弹射铁丝,只需要后期对具有弹射可能性的锚杆加装防弹射铁丝,从而提高施工工效。(3) It has the function of breaking bulletproof. When the deformation of the anchor ring in the direction of the opposing hole exceeds two-thirds, or when the fluorescent diffusion range in the fluorescent band exceeds two-thirds of the length of the fluorescent band, two bullet-proof wires are used to pierce through the tail of the anchor rod and tighten Fixed on the wire fence near the tray. When the stress of the anchor rod body reaches the load-bearing limit and the anchor rod is broken, no matter the sudden ejection of the tray and the nut, or the sudden ejection of the anchor ring and the anchor rod, they can be blocked by the cross-shaped and distributed bulletproof wire. It can improve the safety of underground personnel and equipment. Relying on the anchor ring, there is no need to add bulletproof wire when installing each anchor rod, and only need to add bulletproof wire to the anchor rod with the possibility of ejection at a later stage, thereby improving construction efficiency.
(4)成本低,方法简单易操作,适应性强。(4) The cost is low, the method is simple and easy to operate, and the adaptability is strong.
图1是本发明实际应用时的剖面图;Figure 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention when it is actually applied;
图2是本发明实际应用时尾端的三维图;Figure 2 is a three-dimensional view of the tail end of the present invention when it is actually applied;
图3是本发明中锚环在螺母贴合端的三维图;3 is a three-dimensional view of the anchor ring at the fitting end of the nut of the present invention;
图4是本发明中锚环在托盘贴合端的三维图;FIG. 4 is a three-dimensional view of the anchoring ring at the fitting end of the tray in the present invention;
图5是本发明实际应用中当锚环发生变形时的剖面图;5 is a cross-sectional view when the anchor ring is deformed in the actual application of the present invention;
图6是本发明中图5的俯视图。6 is a top view of FIG. 5 in the present invention.
1-锚杆,2-锚环,3-荧光带,4-螺母,5-锚杆尾端开孔,6-托盘,7-铁丝网,8-钻孔,9-锚固剂,10-岩体,11-防弹射铁丝。1-anchor, 2-anchor ring, 3-fluorescent band, 4-nut, 5-anchor end opening, 6-tray, 7-barbed wire, 8-drilled hole, 9-anchoring agent, 10-rock mass , 11- bulletproof wire.
2-1-锚环螺母端开孔,2-2-锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈,2-3-锚环螺母端贴合面,2-4-锚环托盘端开孔,2-5-锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈,2-6-锚环托盘端贴合面,3-1-荧光带有机玻璃内层,3-2-荧光带外层。2-1-Anchor ring nut end opening, 2-2-Anchor ring nut end opening rubber washer, 2-3-Anchor ring nut end fitting surface, 2-4-Anchor ring tray end opening, 2-5 -Anchor ring tray end opening rubber gasket, 2-6-anchor ring tray end fitting surface, 3-1-fluorescence with machine glass inner layer, 3-2-fluorescence band outer layer.
下面结合附图中的实施例对本发明作进一步描述:The present invention is further described below with reference to the embodiments in the drawings:
如图1所示,本发明的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护装置,包括伸入钻孔8内并经锚固剂9固定的锚杆1、依次布置在孔口外露锚杆1上铁丝网7、托盘6和螺母4,在所述的锚杆1尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔5,在托盘6和螺母4之间设有锚环2,所述锚环2上开有穿套在锚杆1上的对向孔,锚环2与托盘6和螺母4的接触端为平面,分别为锚环螺母端贴合面和锚环托盘端贴合面,锚环2贴合面上下两侧的外圆弧面上分别敷设有两条荧光带3。As shown in FIG. 1, the deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor supporting device for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod from breaking include the anchor rod 1 that extends into the borehole 8 and is fixed by the anchoring agent 9 and is sequentially arranged at the orifice A barbed wire 7, a tray 6 and a nut 4 are provided on the exposed anchor rod 1. Two tail holes 5 at the rear end of the anchor rod 1 are provided at the tail of the anchor rod 1 and are arranged between the tray 6 and the nut 4 Anchor ring 2, which has a facing hole pierced on the anchor rod 1, and the contact end of the anchor ring 2 with the tray 6 and the nut 4 is a plane, which is the fitting surface of the nut end of the anchor ring and the anchor, respectively Two fluorescent bands 3 are respectively laid on the outer circular arc surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the bonding surface of the ring tray end and the anchor ring 2.
所述的锚环2的内径为90-110mm,外径为120-140mm,锚环沿着轴向方向的高度为30-50mm,穿套在锚杆1上的对向孔孔径为19-23mm,锚环的对向孔分为锚环螺母端开孔2-1和锚环托盘端开孔2-4,对向孔孔内均套装有橡胶垫圈,分别为锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈2-2和锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈2-5。The inner diameter of the anchor ring 2 is 90-110mm, the outer diameter is 120-140mm, the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction is 30-50mm, and the diameter of the opposite hole of the anchor rod 1 is 19-23mm The opposite holes of the anchor ring are divided into the anchor hole end opening 2-1 and the anchor ring tray end opening 2-4, and the opposite hole holes are all covered with rubber washers, which are respectively the anchor ring nut end opening rubber washers 2-2 and Anchor ring tray end rubber gasket 2-5.
所述锚环2对向孔与托盘6贴合一端锚环托盘端贴合面2-6的宽度为50-60mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度;与螺母4贴合一端锚环螺母端贴合面2-3的宽度为30-40mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度。The opposite hole of the anchor ring 2 is attached to the tray 6 and the width of the end fitting surface 2-6 of the end of the anchor ring is 50-60mm, the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction; the end of the anchor ring is attached to the nut 4 The width of the fitting surface 2-3 of the nut end is 30-40mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction.
所述的两条荧光带3对称设置,荧光带3沿着锚环外周敷设范围所对应锚环圆心角为90°,中心连线与锚环对向孔轴线相互垂直,每条塑料荧光带内部分为内外两屋,内层为封装有酯类化合物和荧光染料的荧光带有机玻璃内层3-1,外层为封装有过氧化物的荧光带外层3-2,荧光带有机玻璃内层3-1位于中部。所述的酯类化合物采用双草酸酯,过氧化物为过氧化氢,两者混合后将释放能量,从而传递给荧光颜料分子,荧光染料而后以可见光的形式释放能量。The two fluorescent bands 3 are arranged symmetrically. The center angle of the anchor ring is 90° along the outer circumference of the anchor ring. The center line is perpendicular to the axis of the opposite hole of the anchor ring. Part is the inner and outer houses, the inner layer is the inner layer of the fluorescent bandage encapsulated with ester compounds and fluorescent dyes 3-1, the outer layer is the outer layer of the fluorescent bandage encapsulated with peroxides 3-2, the inner part of the fluorescent bands is the machine glass Layer 3-1 is located in the middle. The ester compound uses bis-oxalate, and the peroxide is hydrogen peroxide. When the two are mixed, energy will be released, which will be transferred to the fluorescent pigment molecules, and the fluorescent dye will then release energy in the form of visible light.
所述的锚环2由合金钢制成,屈服强度为180-200MPa。The anchor ring 2 is made of alloy steel and has a yield strength of 180-200 MPa.
所述锚杆1尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔5的孔径为3-5mm,两个孔的间距为20-30mm,其中外侧孔距离锚杆端头为10-30mm。The rear end of the anchor rod 1 is provided with two cross-shaped cross-shaped anchor end openings 5 with a hole diameter of 3-5mm, the distance between the two holes is 20-30mm, and the outer hole is 10 away from the end of the anchor -30mm.
本发明的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,具体步骤如下:The specific steps of the deformation energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting method for preventing the bolt from breaking and ejecting are as follows:
1.预定岩体10的位置按照既定规程钻孔8,吹孔排除岩屑,塞入锚固剂9,钻进锚杆1;1. Drill the hole 8 according to the established rules for the predetermined rock mass 10, remove the cuttings through the blow hole, insert the anchoring agent 9, and drill the anchor rod 1;
2.将托盘6压覆在钻孔孔口处的铁丝网7上,检查锚环2上对向孔的锚环螺母端开孔2-1和锚环托盘端开孔2-4内锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈2-2和锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈2-5的位置,检查荧光带3的贴合固定情况,而后先将锚环2的锚环托盘端贴合面2-6一侧的锚环托盘端开孔2-4穿入锚杆1,再将锚环螺母端贴合面2-3一侧的锚环螺母端开孔2-1穿入锚杆,将锚环2压紧托盘;2. Press the tray 6 on the wire mesh 7 at the hole of the drill hole, check the anchor ring nut opening 2-1 and the anchor ring tray opening 2-4 inner anchor ring nut of the opposite hole on the anchor ring 2 The position of the rubber gasket 2-2 at the end and the rubber gasket 2-5 at the end of the anchor ring tray. Check the fitting of the fluorescent tape 3, and then the bonding surface 2-6 of the anchor ring tray end of the anchor ring 2 The opening 2-4 on the side of the anchor ring tray on one side penetrates into the anchor rod 1, and then the hole 2-1 on the end of the anchor ring nut end on the fitting surface of the anchor ring nut 2-1 penetrates into the anchor rod to insert the anchor ring 2 Tighten the tray;
3.将螺母4穿过锚杆尾部,拧紧在锚环上,并通过锚杆1尾部螺纹拧紧在锚环2上,利用施工机具施加到规定扭矩,锁紧螺母;3. Pass the nut 4 through the tail of the anchor rod and tighten it on the anchor ring, and tighten the screw thread on the anchor ring 2 through the tail of the anchor rod 1, apply the specified torque with the construction machine to lock the nut;
4.观察锚环2的变形,锚环变形时荧光带随之变形,锚环2沿对向孔直径方向的变形超过30%时,荧光带3内中部的荧光带有机玻璃内层3-1破裂,荧光带有机玻璃内层3-1中的酯类化合物和荧光染料渗出与荧光带外层3-2中的过氧化物发生反应,释放荧光;锚环2变形越大,荧光带有机玻璃内层3-1破裂范围越大,荧光显现强度越强,预示锚环2承受应力越大,潜在发生锚杆断裂弹射概率就越大;4. Observe the deformation of the anchor ring 2. When the anchor ring is deformed, the fluorescent band deforms accordingly. When the deformation of the anchor ring 2 along the diameter of the opposed hole exceeds 30%, the fluorescent band 3 in the middle of the fluorescent band 3 has the organic glass inner layer 3-1 Cracked, the ester compound and fluorescent dye in the inner layer 3-1 of the fluorescent band organic glass reacted with the peroxide in the outer layer 3-2 of the fluorescent band to release fluorescence; the greater the deformation of the anchor ring 2, the fluorescent band The larger the rupture range of the inner glass layer 3-1, the stronger the intensity of fluorescence, which indicates that the anchor ring 2 is subjected to more stress, and the greater the probability of the ejection of the anchor rod breaking;
5.当锚环2在对向孔方向的变形超过三分之二时,或荧光带3内荧光扩散范围超过荧光带长度三分之二时,分别用两根防弹射铁丝11穿过锚杆尾部的穿孔5,防弹射铁丝7两端分别拧紧固定在托盘附近的铁丝网7上,两根防弹射铁丝11呈现十字形交叉分布状;5. When the deformation of the anchor ring 2 in the direction of the opposing hole exceeds two thirds, or the fluorescent diffusion range in the fluorescent band 3 exceeds two thirds of the length of the fluorescent band, two bulletproof wires 11 are used to penetrate the anchor rod respectively The perforation 5 in the tail, the two ends of the bulletproof wire 7 are respectively tightened and fixed on the wire mesh 7 near the tray, and the two bulletproof wires 11 have a cross-shaped distribution;
6.当锚杆1杆体应力达到承载极限而引发锚杆断裂时,无论是托盘6、螺母4的骤然弹射,还是锚环1的骤然弹射,都将被十字形交叉分布的防弹射铁丝所阻拦,能够有效的保护井下设备与人员的安全。6. When the stress of the rod body of the anchor rod 1 reaches the load limit and the anchor rod breaks, whether the sudden ejection of the tray 6, the nut 4, or the sudden ejection of the anchor ring 1, will be blocked by the cross-shaped and distributed bulletproof wire , Can effectively protect the safety of underground equipment and personnel.
Claims (7)
- 一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护装置,包括伸入钻孔(8)内并经锚固剂(9)固定的锚杆(1)、依次布置在孔口外露锚杆(1)上铁丝网(7)、托盘(6)和螺母(4),其特征在于:在所述的锚杆(1)尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔(5),在托盘(6)和螺母(4)之间设有锚环(2),所述锚环(2)上开有穿套在锚杆(1)上的对向孔,锚环(2)与托盘(6)和螺母(4)的接触端为平面,分别为锚环螺母端贴合面(2-3)和锚环托盘端贴合面(2-6),锚环(2)贴合面上下两侧的外圆弧面上分别敷设有两条荧光带(3)。A deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and an anchor rod supporting device for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod from breakage, which includes an anchor rod (1) extending into a borehole (8) and fixed by an anchoring agent (9), which is sequentially arranged and exposed at the opening A barbed wire (7), a tray (6) and a nut (4) on the anchor rod (1), characterized in that two ends of the anchor rod (1) are provided at the end of the anchor rod (1) with a cross in a cross shape A hole (5), an anchor ring (2) is provided between the tray (6) and the nut (4), the anchor ring (2) is provided with an opposite hole that is sleeved on the anchor rod (1), and the anchor The contact ends of the ring (2) and the tray (6) and the nut (4) are flat, which are the fitting surface (2-3) of the nut end of the anchor ring and the fitting surface (2-6) of the tray end of the anchor ring, the anchor ring respectively (2) Two fluorescent bands (3) are respectively laid on the outer arc surfaces of the upper and lower sides of the bonding surface.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护装置,其特征在于:所述的锚环(2)的内径为90-110mm,外径为120-140mm,锚环沿着轴向方向的高度为30-50mm,穿套在锚杆(1)上的对向孔孔径为19-23mm,锚环的对向孔分为锚环螺母端开孔(2-1)和锚环托盘端开孔(2-4),对向孔孔内均套装有橡胶垫圈,分别为锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈(2-2)和锚环托盘端开孔橡胶垫圈(2-5)。The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting device for preventing ejection of the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner diameter of the anchor ring (2) is 90-110mm, and the outer diameter is 120 -140mm, the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction is 30-50mm, the diameter of the opposite hole of the anchor rod (1) is 19-23mm, the opposite hole of the anchor ring is divided into the opening of the end of the anchor ring nut (2-1) and anchor ring tray end openings (2-4), the opposite holes are covered with rubber washers, respectively, anchor ring nut end opening rubber washers (2-2) and anchor ring tray end openings Hole rubber washer (2-5).
- 根据权利要求1或2所述的一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护装置,其特征在于:所述锚环(2)对向孔与托盘(6)贴合一端锚环托盘端贴合面(2-6)的宽度为50-60mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度;与螺母(4)贴合一端锚环螺母端贴合面(2-3)的宽度为30-40mm,长度等同于锚环轴向方向的高度。The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting device for preventing the bolt from breaking and ejecting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the opposite hole of the anchor ring (2) is fit to the tray (6) The width of the end fitting surface (2-6) of the end of the anchor ring tray is 50-60mm, and the length is equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction; the end surface of the anchor end of the anchor ring (2-3) is attached to the nut (4) ) Has a width of 30-40 mm and a length equal to the height of the anchor ring in the axial direction.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护装置,其特征在于:所述的两条荧光带(3)对称设置,荧光带(3)沿着锚环外周敷设范围所对应锚环圆心角为90°,中心连线与锚环对向孔轴线相互垂直,每条塑料荧光带内部分为内外两层,内层为封装有酯类化合物和荧光染料的荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1),外层为封装有过氧化物的荧光带外层(3-2),荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1)位于中部。The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor supporting device for preventing the bolt from breaking and ejecting according to claim 1, characterized in that the two fluorescent bands (3) are arranged symmetrically, and the fluorescent bands (3) are along The center angle of the anchor ring corresponding to the outer circumference of the anchor ring is 90°. The center line is perpendicular to the axis of the opposite hole of the anchor ring. The inside of each plastic fluorescent strip is divided into two layers, the inner layer is encapsulated with ester compounds and The inner surface of the fluorescent band of the fluorescent dye (3-1), the outer layer is the outer layer (3-2) of the fluorescent band encapsulated with peroxide, and the inner layer of the fluorescent band (3-1) is located in the middle.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,其特征在于:所述的锚环(2)由合金钢制成,屈服强度为180-200MPa。The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting method for preventing the ejection of the anchor rod according to claim 1, characterized in that the anchor ring (2) is made of alloy steel, and the yield strength is 180- 200MPa.
- 根据权利要求1所述的一种变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,其特征在于:所述锚杆(1)尾部开设有两个间隔呈十字形交叉的锚杆尾端开孔(5)的孔径为3-5mm,两个孔的间距为20-30mm,其中外侧孔距离锚杆端头为10-30mm。The deformable energy-absorbing anchor ring and the anchor rod supporting method for preventing the bolt from breaking and ejecting according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchor rod (1) is provided with two cross-shaped anchors spaced at the tail The hole diameter of the hole (5) at the end of the rod is 3-5mm, the distance between the two holes is 20-30mm, and the outer hole is 10-30mm away from the end of the anchor rod.
- 一种使用权利要求1所述的装置的变形吸能锚环和防止锚杆断裂弹射的锚杆支护方法,包括在预定岩***置按照既定规程钻孔、塞入锚固剂、钻进锚杆;其特征在于,具体支护步骤如下:A deformation energy-absorbing anchor ring using the device of claim 1 and a bolt supporting method for preventing the ejection of the bolt from breaking, including drilling holes at a predetermined rock mass location, inserting an anchoring agent, and drilling into the anchor rod ; It is characterized by specific support steps as follows:(1)将托盘(6)压覆在钻孔孔口处的铁丝网(7)上,检查锚环(2)上对向孔的锚环螺母端开孔(2-1)和锚环托盘端开孔(2-4)内锚环螺母端开孔橡胶垫圈(2-2)和锚环托盘 端开孔橡胶垫圈(2-5)的位置,检查荧光带(3)的贴合固定情况,而后先将锚环(2)的锚环托盘端贴合面(2-6)一侧的锚环托盘端开孔(2-4)穿入锚杆(1),再将与锚环螺母端贴合面(2-3)一侧的锚环螺母端开孔(2-1)穿入锚杆(1),将锚环(2)压紧托盘(6);(1) Press the tray (6) on the wire mesh (7) at the hole of the drilling hole, and check the opening (2-1) and the end of the anchor ring tray of the anchor hole (2) of the opposite hole on the anchor ring (2) The position of the rubber gasket (2-2) at the end of the anchor ring nut and the rubber gasket (2-5) at the end of the anchor ring tray at the opening (2-4), check the fitting and fixing of the fluorescent tape (3), Then first insert the hole (2-4) on the anchor ring tray end side of the anchor ring tray end fitting surface (2-6) of the anchor ring (2) into the anchor rod (1), and then connect the anchor ring nut end The hole (2-1) at the end of the anchor ring nut on the side of the fitting surface (2-3) penetrates the anchor rod (1), and presses the anchor ring (2) against the tray (6);(2)将螺母(4)穿过锚杆尾部,拧紧在锚环(2)上,按已有技术利用机具施加到规定的扭矩;(2) Pass the nut (4) through the tail of the anchor rod, tighten it on the anchor ring (2), and apply the specified torque with the machine tool according to the prior art;(3)观察锚环(2)的变形,锚环(2)变形时荧光带(3)随之变形,锚环(2)沿对向孔直径方向变形超过30%时,荧光带(3)内的荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1)开始破裂,荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1)中的酯类化合物和荧光染料渗出与有机玻璃外的荧光带外层(3-2)中的过氧化物发生反应,释放荧光;锚环(2)变形越大,荧光带有机玻璃内层(3-1)破裂范围越大,荧光显现强度越强,预示锚环(2)承受应力越大,潜在发生锚杆断裂弹射概率就越大;(3) Observe the deformation of the anchor ring (2). When the anchor ring (2) is deformed, the fluorescent band (3) deforms accordingly. When the anchor ring (2) is deformed by more than 30% along the diameter of the opposite hole, the fluorescent band (3) The inner layer (3-1) of the fluorescent organic glass begins to crack, and the ester compounds and fluorescent dyes in the inner layer (3-1) of the fluorescent organic glass ooze out and the outer layer of the fluorescent tape (3-2) outside the organic glass ) Reacts with the peroxide and releases fluorescence; the greater the deformation of the anchor ring (2), the greater the rupture range of the inner layer (3-1) of the fluorescent glass with organic glass, and the stronger the fluorescence intensity, indicating that the anchor ring (2) will withstand The greater the stress, the greater the probability of bolt ejection potential to occur;(4)当锚环(2)在对向孔方向的变形超过三分之二时,或荧光带(3)内荧光扩散范围超过荧光带长度三分之二时,分别用两根防弹射铁丝穿过锚杆尾部的穿孔,防弹射铁丝两端分别拧紧固定在托盘附近的铁丝网上,两根防弹射铁丝呈现十字形交叉分布状;(4) When the deformation of the anchor ring (2) in the direction of the opposed hole exceeds two thirds, or the fluorescent diffusion range in the fluorescent band (3) exceeds two thirds of the length of the fluorescent band, use two bulletproof wire Through the perforation at the end of the anchor rod, the two ends of the bullet-proof wire are respectively fastened and fixed on the wire mesh near the tray, and the two bullet-proof wires show a cross-shaped distribution;(5)当锚杆杆体应力达到承载极限而引发锚杆断裂时,无论是托盘(6)、螺母(4)的骤然弹射,还是锚环(1)的骤然弹射,都将被十字形交叉分布的防弹射铁丝所阻拦。(5) When the stress of the anchor rod body reaches the load limit and the anchor rod breaks, whether it is the sudden ejection of the tray (6), the nut (4), or the sudden ejection of the anchor ring (1), they will be distributed in a cross shape Blocked by bulletproof wire.
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CN201910026998.5A CN109751069B (en) | 2019-01-11 | 2019-01-11 | Deformation energy-absorbing anchor ring and anchor rod supporting device and method for preventing anchor rod from cracking and ejecting |
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CN113772336A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-12-10 | 中国煤炭科工集团太原研究院有限公司 | Anchor rod is conveyor for storehouse |
CN114970161A (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-30 | 中南大学 | Method for integrating stability analysis and energy absorption support of joint roadway block |
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CN109751069B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2020-01-10 | 中国矿业大学 | Deformation energy-absorbing anchor ring and anchor rod supporting device and method for preventing anchor rod from cracking and ejecting |
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