WO2017022325A1 - 集光型太陽光発電ユニット、集光型太陽光発電モジュール、集光型太陽光発電パネル及び集光型太陽光発電装置 - Google Patents
集光型太陽光発電ユニット、集光型太陽光発電モジュール、集光型太陽光発電パネル及び集光型太陽光発電装置 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2017022325A1 WO2017022325A1 PCT/JP2016/066853 JP2016066853W WO2017022325A1 WO 2017022325 A1 WO2017022325 A1 WO 2017022325A1 JP 2016066853 W JP2016066853 W JP 2016066853W WO 2017022325 A1 WO2017022325 A1 WO 2017022325A1
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- Prior art keywords
- power generation
- lens
- solar power
- concentrating solar
- secondary lens
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) unit, module, panel, and apparatus.
- CPV concentrator photovoltaic
- the unit constituting the optical system basic unit of concentrating solar power generation includes, for example, a primary lens that is a convex lens, a secondary lens that is a spherical lens, and a power generation element (see, for example, Patent Document 1 (FIG. 1). 8)).
- a power generation element a solar battery cell with high power generation efficiency is used. Sunlight is condensed by the primary lens and enters the secondary lens, and is further condensed by the secondary lens and reaches the power generation element.
- a large number of such concentrating solar power generation units are arranged in a matrix to form a concentrating solar power generation module, and a large number of such modules are arranged in a matrix to form a concentrating solar power generation panel.
- the concentrating solar power generation panel constitutes a concentrating solar power generation device together with a driving device for causing the panel to follow the sun.
- the purpose of providing the secondary lens is to concentrate the light energy in a small area to reduce the required area of the high-priced power generation element as much as possible, but rather, the tracking deviation from the sun and the mounting of the power generation element to the primary lens
- the purpose is to alleviate the influence of the position error and increase the light collection accuracy. In other words, with only the primary lens, when the optical axis is shifted due to tracking shift or mounting position error, a part of the collected light deviates from the light receiving surface of the power generation element. In this case, power generation efficiency decreases.
- a secondary lens that is a spherical lens or a hemispherical lens is provided in order to guide light to the power generation element even if the optical axis is slightly deviated (for example, Patent Document 1 (FIG. 5b), Patent Document 2 ( (See FIG. 1) and Patent Document 3.)
- the secondary lens is fixed in a state of being slightly separated from the power generation element by the support member.
- the concentrating solar power generation unit of the present disclosure is a concentrating solar power generation unit that guides sunlight collected by the primary condensing unit to the power generation element by the secondary condensing unit, and is located above and below the position on the optical path.
- the secondary condensing unit includes a secondary lens provided on the power generation element, and the secondary The upper part of the secondary lens is exposed through a hole formed in a flat plate-like member that does not transmit sunlight and a lens support that supports the lens, and is fixed in a state of being mounted on the lens support. And a shielding plate that shields light focused at a position off the next lens.
- a concentrating solar power generation module as a group of such concentrating solar power generation units, a concentrating solar panel, and a solar tracking drive device as a collection thereof, can do.
- FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6A. It is a figure which shows refraction of the light by a secondary lens.
- the secondary condensing unit including the secondary lens, the power generation element, and the lens support unit is a structure that can be easily manufactured as a further improvement problem, for example, while increasing the light transmittance (see, for example, Patent Document 3). It is conceivable to realize protection of the periphery of the power generating element when the light collecting position is shifted with a simple and easily manufactured structure. By improving at least one of these, it is possible to obtain a secondary condensing unit with higher completeness.
- the present disclosure is intended to further enhance the completeness of the structure of the secondary condensing unit in the concentrating solar power generation unit in consideration of the manufacturing process.
- the gist of the embodiment of the present invention includes at least the following.
- the secondary condensing unit includes a secondary lens provided on the power generation element and a lens support that supports the secondary lens. And a position where the upper part of the secondary lens is exposed from the hole formed in the flat plate member that does not allow sunlight to pass through, and is fixed in a state of being mounted on the lens support part and removed from the secondary lens. And a shielding plate that blocks light focused on the light source.
- the shielding plate is an element that constitutes the secondary condensing unit, and is fixed in a state of riding on the lens support unit. By blocking the light focused on the position deviating from the secondary lens by the shielding plate, it is possible to prevent the lens support portion and other burnouts under the shielding plate.
- the shielding plate is a disk-shaped member having the hole formed in the center thereof.
- a simple shape, a light weight, and an inexpensive member like a washer can be used as a shielding board.
- a translucent resin covering portion that covers a surface of the secondary lens, and the power generation element within the lens support portion And a translucent resin seal portion that fills the space between the secondary lens and the secondary lens.
- the covering portion is interposed between the secondary lens and air, thereby suppressing light reflection and improving power generation efficiency.
- the seal portion seals the power generation element and protects moisture, dust and the like from adhering to the power generation element.
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion is a flat surface to which the shielding plate is fixed, and the inner edge of the flat surface
- the structure which supports a secondary lens may be sufficient.
- the lens support portion not only supports the secondary lens but also is used for fixing the shielding plate. Further, the shape of the upper end surface of the lens support portion is simple.
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion serves as a resin receiving portion that receives the lower end of the covering portion, and supports the secondary lens with an inner edge. It may be configured to include an inner low step portion and an outer high step portion that is higher than the low step portion and on which the shielding plate is placed.
- the shielding plate can be supported by the high step portion, and the secondary lens can be supported by the low step portion.
- the low step portion can serve as a tray for the liquid resin when the liquid resin is hung from the secondary lens to form the covering portion, and the high step portion ensures that the liquid resin spills outward. Can be prevented.
- the concentrating solar power generation unit of (5) WHEREIN The inner dimension of the said hole of the said shielding board may be formed larger than the outer dimension of the said secondary lens with the said coating
- the shielding plate can be mounted after the covering portion is formed, and the shielding plate does not interfere with the covering portion.
- the concentrating solar power generation unit of (5) WHEREIN The edge part of the said hole in the said shielding board may bite into the said coating
- the shielding plate can be fixed by the covering portion.
- the lens support portion may be a part of a package that houses the power generation element.
- the lens support portion can be easily and accurately manufactured integrally with the package. Further, the power generation element and the secondary lens supported by the common package can accurately maintain the optical positional relationship with each other.
- a translucent resin seal portion that fills a space of a gap between the power generation element and the secondary lens is the lens.
- the structure which serves also as a support part may be sufficient. In this case, for example, each part can be uniformly produced with stable quality by a resin mold.
- the shielding plate is connected in parallel to the power generation element and provided outside the package that houses the power generation element.
- the bypass diode may also have a size that shields it from the light focused at a position off the secondary lens. By blocking the light focused at a position off the secondary lens by the shielding plate, it is possible to prevent the bypass diode under the shielding plate from being burned out.
- the concentrating solar power generation module which arranges two or more concentrating solar power generation units of (1).
- the concentrating solar power generation panel which arranges two or more concentrating solar power generation modules of (11).
- the concentrating solar power generation panel according to (12) and a driving device that drives the concentrating solar power generation panel so as to face the sun and follow the movement of the sun are provided. It can be set as a concentrating solar power generation device.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation device.
- a concentrating solar power generation apparatus 100 includes a concentrating solar power generation panel 1 and a gantry 3 including a support 3a and a foundation 3b for supporting the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 on the back side.
- the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 is formed by assembling a large number of concentrating solar power generation modules 1M vertically and horizontally.
- 62 vertical 7 ⁇ horizontal 9-1) concentrating solar power generation modules 1M, excluding the central portion, are gathered vertically and horizontally. If the rated output of one concentrating solar power generation module 1M is about 100 W, for example, the entire concentrating solar power generation panel 1 has a rated output of about 6 kW.
- a driving device (not shown) is provided on the back side of the concentrating solar power generation panel 1.
- the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 is adjusted to have an azimuth angle and an elevation angle. It can be driven in two axes. Thereby, the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 is always driven to face the sun in both the azimuth angle and the elevation angle.
- a tracking sensor 4 and a pyranometer 5 are provided at any location (in this example, the central portion) of the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 or in the vicinity of the panel 1. The sun tracking operation is performed by using the tracking sensor 4 and the position of the sun calculated from the latitude, longitude, and time of the installation location.
- the driving device drives the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 by a predetermined angle every time the sun moves by a predetermined angle.
- the event of moving by a predetermined angle may be determined by the tracking sensor 4 or may be determined by latitude / longitude / time. Therefore, the tracking sensor 4 may be omitted.
- the predetermined angle is, for example, a constant value, but the value can be changed depending on the altitude of the sun and time.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation system including the drive device and the like. This is a view from the viewpoint of tracking operation control.
- the concentrating solar power generation device 100 includes the drive device 200 for the sun tracking operation on the back side, for example, as described above.
- the drive device 200 includes a stepping motor 201e for driving in the elevation direction, a stepping motor 201a for driving in the azimuth direction, and a drive circuit 202 for driving them.
- the stepping motor is only an example, and other power sources may be used.
- the output signal of the pyranometer 5 is input to the drive circuit 202 and the control device 400.
- the generated power of the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 can be detected by the wattmeter 300, and a signal indicating the detected power is input to the control device 400.
- the driving device 200 stores the latitude and longitude of the place where the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 is installed, and has a clock function. Based on the output signal of the tracking sensor 4 and the position of the sun calculated from the latitude, longitude, and time, the driving device 200 performs a tracking operation so that the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 always faces the sun. However, as described above, the tracking sensor 4 may not be provided. In that case, the tracking operation is performed based only on the position of the sun calculated from the latitude, longitude, and time.
- FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view (partially broken) showing an example of a concentrating solar power generation module (hereinafter also simply referred to as a module) 1M.
- a module 1M is attached like a lid to a rectangular vessel-shaped housing 11 having a bottom surface 11a, a flexible printed wiring board 12 provided in contact with the bottom surface 11a, and a flange 11b of the housing 11.
- the primary condensing unit 13 is provided as a main component. At least the bottom surface 11a of the housing 11 is made of metal.
- the terminal end of the output of the flexible printed wiring board 12 is divided into a plus side and a minus side, and is drawn out to, for example, connection boxes 14 and 15 provided so as to protrude from the bottom surface 11a to the back side.
- the shape / arrangement of the flexible printed wiring board 12 is merely an example, and various other shapes / arrangements are possible.
- the primary condensing unit 13 is a Fresnel lens array, and a plurality of Fresnel lenses 13f as lens elements that condense sunlight are formed in a matrix (for example, 140 ⁇ 14 ⁇ 14). .
- a primary condensing part 13 can be formed, for example, by using a glass plate as a base material and forming a silicone resin film on the back surface (inside) thereof.
- the Fresnel lens is formed on this resin film.
- FIG. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the flexible printed wiring board 12.
- the flexible printed wiring board 12 of this example has a conductive pattern (not shown) formed on the flexible substrate 12f. Not shown.) Is mounted.
- the power generation element is incorporated in the package 17.
- the secondary lens 18 which is a spherical lens is attached.
- the package 17 including the power generation element and the secondary lens 18 constitute a secondary condensing unit 16.
- a bypass diode 19 is provided outside the package 17.
- the flexible substrate 12f is thicker at the portion where the secondary condensing unit 16 is mounted, and is thinner at other portions to save the substrate material.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a concentrating solar power generation unit (hereinafter also simply referred to as a unit) 1U as an optical system basic unit constituting the module 1M. That is, the unit 1U guides the sunlight collected by the Fresnel lens 13f (primary lens) as the primary condensing unit to the power generation element 20 incorporated therein by the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the primary condensing part (Fresnel lens 13f) is above the secondary condensing part 16, and the directionality of "up” or "down” is The wording used shall be used.
- each embodiment of the structure of the secondary condensing part 16 is described.
- the first and second embodiments are mainly intended to make the structure easy to manufacture while increasing the light transmittance.
- the third to seventh embodiments are mainly intended to realize protection of the periphery of the power generating element when the light collecting position is shifted with a simple and easy-to-manufacture structure.
- at least some of the embodiments may be arbitrarily combined with each other.
- FIG. 6A is a plan view showing the first embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG. 6A.
- the power generation element 20 is mounted on a resin package 17. Electrically connected lead frames 21 a and 21 b embedded in the bottom of the package 17 are respectively connected to both electrodes of the power generation element 20.
- the resin constituting the package 17 for example, polyamide or epoxy is suitable.
- the package 17 includes a lens support portion 17a integrally with the bottom portion 17b.
- the lens support portion 17a is a frame-shaped base that surrounds the power generation element 20 and places the secondary lens 18 thereon.
- the “frame-shaped base” is a square cylinder, but may be a cylinder or various polygonal cylinders.
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a is a flat surface and is a resin receiving portion 17r.
- the inner edge 17e of the upper end surface is in contact with the secondary lens 18.
- the lens support portion 17a is a part of the package 17, the lens support portion 17a can be easily and accurately manufactured integrally with the package 17. Further, the power generation element 20 and the secondary lens 18 supported by the common package 17 can accurately maintain the optical positional relationship with each other.
- the secondary lens 18 is a spherical lens, and is slightly separated from the power generation element 20 (floating) and supported by the lens support portion 17a.
- a space between the power generation element 20 and the secondary lens 18 in the lens support portion 17a is a seal portion 22s filled with a translucent resin.
- the power generation element 20 is sealed by the seal portion 22 s so that moisture, dust, and the like are prevented from adhering to the power generation element 20.
- the resin for the seal portion 22s is, for example, silicone, which is poured in a liquid state and solidified to form the seal portion 22s.
- the surface of the secondary lens 18 protruding upward from the lens support portion 17a is covered with a covering portion 22c.
- the covering portion 22c is made of a light-transmitting resin like the seal portion 22s, and the resin is, for example, silicone.
- the covering portion 22 c can be easily formed by dropping the liquid silicone from the top of the secondary lens 18.
- the covering portion 22c is thinned and solidified on the surface of the substantially upper hemisphere of the secondary lens 18, and the lower end of the covering portion 22c rides on the resin receiving portion 17r, It solidifies in a little accumulated state.
- the above “thin film” is drawn thick in FIG. 6B for convenience of illustration, but the thickness is, for example, 0.2 mm or less.
- the refractive index of the secondary lens 18 and the covering portion 22c is as follows with respect to the refractive index of air 1.0. This numerical range sets a suitable refractive index for light having a wavelength from ultraviolet light (wavelength 300 nm) to infrared light (wavelength 2000 nm) contained in sunlight.
- Secondary lens 1.40 to 1.60
- Covering part 1.35 to 1.55
- the refractive index of the covering portion 22c is higher than that of air.
- a lens lower than the secondary lens 18 is selected. Due to these relationships and the covering portion 22c being in a thin film shape, reflection of light entering the secondary lens 18 can be suppressed. Thus, specifically, the light transmittance of the secondary lens 18 can be improved by 2 to 3%. Thereby, power generation efficiency improves.
- the resin receiving portion 17 r extends outward from the inner edge 17 e in contact with the secondary lens 18 without touching the secondary lens 18. Therefore, even if the lower end of the covering portion 22c slightly extends outward, this can be received. That is, the resin receiving portion 17r can serve as a receiving tray for the liquid resin when the liquid resin is dropped on the secondary lens in the manufacturing process to form the covering portion, and the liquid resin spills outside the lens support portion 17a. This can be suppressed.
- FIG. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing light refraction by the secondary lens 18.
- FIG. FIG. 7A shows the refraction of light with a short wavelength (for example, ultraviolet light: wavelength 300 nm)
- FIG. 7B shows the refraction of light with a long wavelength (for example, infrared light: wavelength 2000 nm).
- a short wavelength for example, ultraviolet light: wavelength 300 nm
- FIG. 7B shows the refraction of light with a long wavelength (for example, infrared light: wavelength 2000 nm).
- a short wavelength for example, ultraviolet light: wavelength 300 nm
- FIG. 7B shows the refraction of light with a long wavelength (for example, infrared light: wavelength 2000 nm).
- a short wavelength for example, ultraviolet light: wavelength 300 nm
- a long wavelength for example, infrared light: wavelength 2000 nm
- FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a second embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the difference from the first embodiment (FIG. 6B) is the shape of the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a. That is, the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a is a flat surface from the inner edge 17e to the middle, but is inclined upward from the middle to the outer end.
- the function as a “receiving tray” for receiving the lower end of the covering portion 22c in the manufacturing process becomes more effective, and the liquid resin can be surely prevented from spilling out of the lens support portion 17a.
- the configuration of the other parts is the same as that of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.
- FIG. 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are cross-sectional views showing variations of the lens support portion 17a of the second embodiment.
- FIG. 9A is an example in which the upper end surface is inclined so as to gradually increase from the inner edge 17e to the outer side with a constant gradient.
- FIG. 9B is an example in which the height gradually increases in an arc from the inner edge 17e of the upper end surface to the outer side.
- FIG. 9C shows an example in which the upper edge is inclined up to the middle from the inner edge 17e and is inclined downward from the middle peak.
- FIG. 9D is an example in which a flat surface is formed from the inner edge 17e of the upper end surface to the middle, the peak is raised vertically from the middle, and the peak is inclined outward from the peak.
- FIGS. 8 and 9A, 9B, 9C, and 9D are merely examples, and in short, the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a only needs to include a shape that increases from the inner edge toward the outer side.
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a can be a receiving tray for the liquid resin, and the liquid resin can spill out. Can be reliably prevented.
- FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a third embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the difference from the first embodiment (FIG. 6B) is that the shielding plate 23 is provided and the shape of the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a.
- the shielding plate 23 is a flat plate member that does not allow sunlight to pass through, is a disk-shaped member having a hole 23a formed in the center, and has a washer-like shape.
- the outline of the shielding plate 23 may be a circle or a square.
- the shielding plate 23 is preferably a heat-resistant and lightweight member, and the material is, for example, metal (for example, aluminum, iron, copper). Therefore, a simple shape, a light weight, and an inexpensive member can be used as the shielding plate 23. In addition, it can also be made from ceramics other than a metal.
- the shielding plate 23 is fixed in a state where the upper part of the secondary lens 18 is exposed from the hole 23a and is on the lens support portion 17a.
- the shielding plate 23 shields the light focused at a position off the secondary lens 18 and prevents the package 17 including the lens support portion 17a underneath it from being burned out.
- the shielding plate 23 is an element constituting the secondary condensing unit, and is fixed in a state of being on the lens support unit 17a.
- the shielding plate 23 is fixed in a state of being on the lens support unit 17a.
- OFF-AXIS optical axis shift
- the light focused at a position off the secondary lens 18 is blocked by the shield plate 23, so that the lens under the shield plate 23 is blocked.
- the support portion 17a and other burnouts can be prevented.
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a has a two-stage shape with a low inside and a high outside.
- the inner low step portion is the resin receiving portion 17r, and receives the lower end of the covering portion 22c and supports the secondary lens 18 with the inner edge 17e.
- the outer high step portion 17h is a pedestal on which the shielding plate 23 is placed.
- the shielding plate 23 can be supported by the high step portion 17h, and the secondary lens 18 can be supported by the low step portion of the resin receiving portion 17r. Further, the low-stage resin receiving portion 17r can serve as a receiving tray for the liquid resin when the liquid resin is hung on the secondary lens 18 to form the covering portion 22c. Can be reliably prevented from spilling outward.
- the liquid resin hangs down and solidifies from the gap between the secondary lens 18 and the inner periphery of the hole 23a of the shielding plate 23 into the resin receiving portion 17r. As a result, the edge of the hole 23a in the shielding plate 23 is solidified.
- 23b has a shape that bites into the covering portion 22c. Therefore, the shielding plate 23 can be fixed by the covering portion 22c.
- FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing a fourth embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the difference from the third embodiment (FIG. 10) is that the inner diameter of the hole 23a of the shielding plate 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the secondary lens 18 provided with the covering portion 22c.
- the shielding plate 23 can be attached without first forming the covering portion 22c and then interfering with the covering portion 22c.
- the shielding plate 23 can be fixed by adhering to the upper surface of the high step portion 17h.
- FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the difference from the third and fourth embodiments (FIGS. 10 and 11) is that the seal portion 22s also functions as a lens support portion.
- the shielding plate 23 is also fixed to a seal portion 22s that also serves as a lens support portion. Accordingly, the lens support portion as a part of the package 17 does not exist in this embodiment.
- the seal portion 22s is also connected to the covering portion 22c.
- the inner diameter of the hole 23a of the shielding plate 23 is larger than the outer diameter of the secondary lens 18 provided with the covering portion 22c.
- the seal part 22s and the covering part 22c as shown in FIG. 12 can be produced by, for example, a resin mold. In this case, each part can be produced uniformly with stable quality.
- FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a sixth embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the difference from the third and fourth embodiments (FIGS. 10 and 11) is that the covering portion is omitted and the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a is a flat surface.
- the lens support portion 17a also serves as a pedestal for supporting and fixing the shielding plate 23 while supporting the secondary lens 18 with the inner edge 17e.
- the shape of the upper end surface of the lens support portion 17a is simple.
- FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view showing a seventh embodiment of the secondary condensing unit 16.
- the shielding plate 23 is further expanded.
- the shielding plate 23 shields the bypass diode 19 provided in the vicinity of the package 17 on the flexible substrate 12f from the light focused at a position off the secondary lens 18.
- the shielding plate 23 has a size for shielding the bypass diode 19 as well.
- the shielding plate 23 can prevent the bypass diode 19 from being burned out.
- Such a shielding plate 23 can also be applied to the third to sixth embodiments.
- the secondary lens 18 has been described as a representative spherical lens. However, it is not limited to the spherical lens, and the secondary lens may have various other shapes.
- FIGS. 16A, 16B, and 16C are diagrams showing variations in the shape of the secondary lens 18.
- FIG. As the shape of the secondary lens, in addition to the spherical shape shown in FIG. Fig. 15B Ellipsoidal type: Ellipsoidal rotator Fig. 15C Hemispherical inverted cone type: hemisphere on top, inverted cone on the bottom Fig. 16A Homogenizer type: top surface is flat (square), below it is pyramid (square pyramid) Fig. 16B Saddle type: upper part is conical, lower part is hemisphere Fig. 16C Plano-convex type: upper surface is a circular plane, and the lower side is hemisphere
- Each of the various shapes as described above has at least a part of one or more of a spherical surface, an ellipsoidal surface, a conical surface, and an inverted pyramid surface.
- the secondary lens 18 having such a shape serves to guide the captured light downward, that is, to the power generation element while refracting or totally reflecting the captured light. According to the secondary lens having such a shape, there is an advantage that the amount of light guided to the power generation element is not greatly reduced even if the primary condensing unit and the optical axis are slightly shifted.
- the lens support portion can be manufactured according to these various shapes.
- the secondary condensing part 16 as described above, in the first and second embodiments, it is possible to make the structure easy to manufacture while increasing the light transmittance.
- protection around the power generating element when the condensing position is shifted can be realized with a simple and easily manufactured structure. In either case, the degree of completeness of the secondary condensing unit 16 is increased, and stable performance is provided to the concentrating solar power generation unit 1U.
- the concentrating solar power generation module 1M, the concentrating solar power generation panel 1, and the concentrating solar power generation panel 1 are driven so as to follow the movement of the sun toward the sun. About the concentrating solar power generation device 100 provided with the drive device 200, the stable performance can be brought about.
- a concentrating solar power generation unit that guides sunlight collected by a primary condensing unit to a power generation element by a secondary condensing unit, and the vertical relationship of the position on the optical path with respect to the secondary condensing unit
- the secondary condensing part is A secondary lens provided on the power generation element;
- a lens support that surrounds the power generation element and places the secondary lens thereon, and supports the secondary lens in a state of floating upward from the power generation element;
- a translucent resin sealing portion that fills a space between the power generation element and the secondary lens,
- the upper end surface of the lens support portion has an inner edge that contacts the secondary lens and a resin receiving portion that extends outward from the inner edge without touching the secondary lens and receives the lower end of the covering portion. Concentrating solar power generation unit. The upper end
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Abstract
Description
上記二次レンズ、発電素子、及び、レンズ支持部を含む二次集光部は、さらなる改善課題として、例えば、光の透過率を高めつつ(例えば特許文献3参照。)、製造が容易な構造とすること、及び、集光位置がずれた場合の発電素子周辺の保護を簡易かつ製造容易な構造で実現すること、が考えられる。これらの少なくとも1つを改善することによって、より完成度の高い二次集光部とすることができる。
本開示によれば、集光型太陽光発電ユニットにおける二次集光部の構造の完成度をさらに高めることができる。
本発明の実施形態の要旨としては、少なくとも以下のものが含まれる。
この場合、例えばワッシャのような、簡易な形状、軽量、かつ、安価な部材を、遮蔽板とすることができる。
この場合、被覆部が二次レンズと空気との間に介在することにより、光の反射を抑制し、発電効率を向上させる。シール部は、発電素子を密封し、水分や埃等が発電素子に付着しないよう保護する。
この場合、レンズ支持部は、二次レンズを支持するのみならず、遮蔽板の固着にも用いられる。また、レンズ支持部の上端面の形状が簡素である。
この場合、高段部で遮蔽板を支持し、低段部で二次レンズを支持することができる。また、低段部は、液状樹脂を二次レンズに垂らして被覆部を形成する場合に、液状樹脂の受け皿となることができ、かつ、高段部により液状樹脂が外側へこぼれ出ることを確実に防止できる。
この場合、製造過程で、被覆部形成後に、遮蔽板を装着することができ、遮蔽板は被覆部と干渉しない。
この場合、被覆部で遮蔽板を固定することができる。
この場合、パッケージと一体で、レンズ支持部を容易に、精度良く作製することができる。また、共通のパッケージに支持される発電素子と二次レンズとは、互いの光学的な位置関係を正確に維持することができる。
この場合、例えば樹脂モールドにより、各部を安定した品質で画一的に作製することができる。
二次レンズから外れた位置に集束する光を遮蔽板によって遮ることで、遮蔽板の下にあるバイパスダイオードの焼損を防止することができる。
(12)また、(11)の集光型太陽光発電モジュールを複数個並べて成る集光型太陽光発電パネルとすることができる。
(13)また、(12)の集光型太陽光発電パネルと、当該集光型太陽光発電パネルが太陽の方向を向いて太陽の動きに追尾動作するように駆動する駆動装置とを備えた集光型太陽光発電装置とすることができる。
《集光型太陽光発電装置/集光型太陽光発電パネル》
以下、本発明の実施形態の詳細について、図面を参照して説明する。まず、集光型太陽光発電装置の構成から説明する。
図3は、集光型太陽光発電モジュール(以下、単にモジュールとも言う。)1Mの一例を拡大して示す斜視図(一部破断)である。図において、モジュール1Mは、底面11aを有する矩形の器状の筐体11と、底面11aに接して設けられたフレキシブルプリント配線板12と、筐体11の鍔部11bに、蓋のように取り付けられた一次集光部13とを、主要な構成要素として備えている。筐体11の少なくとも底面11aは、金属製である。フレキシブルプリント配線板12の出力の終端は、プラス側と、マイナス側とに分けられて、例えば、底面11aから背面側へ突出して設けられた接続箱14,15に引き出されている。なお、フレキシブルプリント配線板12の形状・配置は一例に過ぎず、その他、種々の形状・配置があり得る。
図5は、上記のモジュール1Mを構成する光学系基本単位としての、集光型太陽光発電ユニット(以下、単にユニットとも言う。)1Uを示す略図である。すなわち、ユニット1Uは、一次集光部としてのフレネルレンズ13f(一次レンズ)で集光した太陽光を二次集光部16で、その中に組み込まれている発電素子20に導くものである。
ここで、光路上の位置の上下関係を、二次集光部16に対して一次集光部(フレネルレンズ13f)が上方にあると考えて、「上」又は「下」の、方向性を表す文言を用いるものとする。
以下、二次集光部16の構成の各実施形態について説明する。
第1、第2実施形態は、光の透過率を高めつつ、製造が容易な構造とすることを主眼としたものである。また、第3~7実施形態は、集光位置がずれた場合の発電素子周辺の保護を簡易かつ製造容易な構造で実現することを主眼としたものである。
但し、各実施形態については、その少なくとも一部を、相互に任意に組み合わせてもよい。
図6Aは、二次集光部16の第1実施形態を示す平面図、図6Bは図6AにおけるB-B線断面図である。図6A及び図6Bにおいて、発電素子20は、樹脂製のパッケージ17に搭載されている。パッケージ17の底部に埋め込まれた電気接続用のリードフレーム21a,21bはそれぞれ、発電素子20の両極に接続されている。パッケージ17を構成する樹脂としては、例えば、ポリアミドやエポキシが適する。
二次レンズ:1.40~1.60
被覆部 :1.35~1.55
すなわち、樹脂受け部17rは、製造過程で液状樹脂を二次レンズに垂らして被覆部を形成する場合に、液状樹脂の受け皿となることができ、液状樹脂がレンズ支持部17aの外側にこぼれ出ることを抑制できる。
図8は、二次集光部16の第2実施形態を示す断面図である。第1実施形態(図6の(b))との違いは、レンズ支持部17aの上端面の形状である。すなわち、レンズ支持部17aの上端面は、内側エッジ17eから途中までは平坦面であるが、途中から外側端まで上り傾斜している。このような形状にすることにより、製造過程で被覆部22cの下端を受け止める「受け皿」としての機能がより効果的になり、液状樹脂がレンズ支持部17aの外側へこぼれ出ることを確実に防止できる。
その他の各部の構成は、第1実施形態と同様であるので、同一符号を付して説明を省略する。
この場合、液状樹脂を二次レンズ18に垂らして被覆部22cを形成する場合に、レンズ支持部17aの上端面が液状樹脂の受け皿となることができ、かつ、液状樹脂が外側へこぼれ出ることを確実に防止できる。
図10は、二次集光部16の第3実施形態を示す断面図である。第1実施形態(図6B)との違いは、遮蔽板23が設けられている点、及び、レンズ支持部17aの上端面の形状である。遮蔽板23は、太陽光を透過させない平板状の部材であり、中央に孔23aが形成された円板状部材で、ワッシャのような形状である。但し、遮蔽板23の輪郭は、円でも四角でもよい。また、遮蔽板23としては、耐熱性のある軽量な部材が好適であり、材質は、例えば金属製(例えばアルミ、鉄、銅)である。従って、簡易な形状、軽量、かつ、安価な部材を、遮蔽板23とすることができる。なお、金属以外ではセラミック製とすることもできる。
図11は、二次集光部16の第4実施形態を示す断面図である。第3実施形態(図10)との違いは、遮蔽板23の孔23aの内径が、被覆部22cを施した二次レンズ18の外径より大きい点である。この場合、先に被覆部22cを形成してから、被覆部22cと干渉することなく、遮蔽板23を取り付けることができる。遮蔽板23は、高段部17hの上面と接着することにより、固定することができる。
図12は、二次集光部16の第5実施形態を示す断面図である。第3、第4実施形態(図10、図11)との違いは、シール部22sが機能的に、レンズ支持部をも兼ねている点である。また、遮蔽板23も、レンズ支持部を兼ねるシール部22sに固着されている。従って、パッケージ17の一部としてのレンズ支持部は、この実施形態では存在しない。また、シール部22sは、被覆部22cとも繋がっている。遮蔽板23の孔23aの内径は、被覆部22cを施した二次レンズ18の外径より大きい。
この場合、各部を安定した品質で画一的に作製することができる。
図13は、二次集光部16の第6実施形態を示す断面図である。第3、第4実施形態(図10、図11)との違いは、被覆部を省いている点と、レンズ支持部17aの上端面が平坦面である点とである。レンズ支持部17aは、二次レンズ18を内側エッジ17eで支持するとともに、遮蔽板23を支持し、固着させる台座にもなっている。この場合、レンズ支持部17aの上端面の形状が簡素である。
図14は、二次集光部16の第7実施形態を示す断面図である。第6実施形態(図13)との違いは、遮蔽板23を、より大きく拡げている点である。
この場合の遮蔽板23は、フレキシブル基板12f上で、パッケージ17の近くに設けられるバイパスダイオード19についても、二次レンズ18から外れた位置に集束する光から遮蔽する。言い換えれば、遮蔽板23は、バイパスダイオード19についても遮蔽する大きさを有している。こうして、遮蔽板23は、バイパスダイオード19の焼損をも防止することができる。
なお、このような遮蔽板23は、第3~6実施形態においても適用可能である。
二次集光部16に関する上記各実施形態において、二次レンズ18は代表的な球状レンズとして説明した。但し、球状レンズに限定される訳ではなく、二次レンズは他にも種々の形状であり得る。
二次レンズの形状としては、既に示した図15Aの球状の他、以下の形状が採用可能である。
図15B 楕円体型:楕円の回転体
図15C 半球逆円錐型:上が半球体で、下が逆円錐
図16A ホモジナイザ型:上面が平面(正方形)で、その下が角錐(四角錐)
図16B 雫型:上部が円錐で、下部が半球体
図16C 平凸型:上面が円形の平面で、その下が半球体
このような形状の二次レンズによれば、一次集光部と光軸が若干ずれても発電素子へ導く光量が大きく減少しないという利点がある。なお、レンズ支持部は、これらの各種形状に合わせて作製することができる。
上記のような二次集光部16によれば、第1、第2実施形態では、光の透過率を高めつつ、製造が容易な構造とすることができる。また、第3~7実施形態では、集光位置がずれた場合の発電素子周辺の保護を簡易かつ製造容易な構造で実現することができる。いずれの場合も、二次集光部16の完成度を高め、集光型太陽光発電ユニット1Uに安定した性能をもたらす。
同様に、集光型太陽光発電モジュール1M、集光型太陽光発電パネル1、さらには、集光型太陽光発電パネル1が太陽の方向を向いて太陽の動きに追尾動作するように駆動する駆動装置200を備えた集光型太陽光発電装置100について、安定した性能をもたらすことができる。
なお、今回開示された実施の形態はすべての点で例示であって制限的なものではないと考えられるべきである。本発明の範囲は請求の範囲によって示され、請求の範囲と均等の意味及び範囲内での全ての変更が含まれることが意図される。
(付記1)
一次集光部で集光した太陽光を二次集光部で発電素子に導く集光型太陽光発電ユニットであって、光路上の位置の上下関係を、前記二次集光部に対して前記一次集光部が上方にあると定義した場合、前記二次集光部は、
前記発電素子の上に設けられる二次レンズと、
前記発電素子を囲み、前記二次レンズを上に乗せる台であって、前記二次レンズを前記発電素子から上方へ浮かした状態で支持するレンズ支持部と、
前記二次レンズの表面を覆う、透光性の樹脂製の被覆部と、
前記発電素子と前記二次レンズとの隙間の空間を満たす透光性の樹脂製のシール部と、を備え、
前記レンズ支持部の上端面は、前記二次レンズに接する内側エッジ、及び、前記二次レンズに触れることなく前記内側エッジから外側へ拡がって前記被覆部の下端を受け止めている樹脂受け部を有している、集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
なお、前記上端面は、前記内側エッジから外側に向かって高くなる形状を含んでいる構造であってもよい。
1M 集光型太陽光発電モジュール
1U 集光型太陽光発電ユニット
3 架台
3a 支柱
3b 基礎
4 追尾センサ
5 日射計
11a 底面
11 筐体
11b 鍔部
12 フレキシブルプリント配線板
12f フレキシブル基板
13 一次集光部
13f フレネルレンズ
14,15 接続箱
16 二次集光部
17 パッケージ
17a レンズ支持部
17b 底部
17e 内側エッジ
17h 高段部
17r 樹脂受け部(低段部)
18 二次レンズ
19 バイパスダイオード
20 発電素子
21a リードフレーム
21b リードフレーム
22c 被覆部
22s シール部
23 遮蔽板
23a 孔
23b 縁部
100 集光型太陽光発電装置
200 駆動装置
201e ステッピングモータ
201a ステッピングモータ
202 駆動回路
300 電力計
400 制御装置
Claims (14)
- 一次集光部で集光した太陽光を二次集光部で発電素子に導く集光型太陽光発電ユニットであって、光路上の位置の上下関係を、前記二次集光部に対して前記一次集光部が上方にあると定義した場合、前記二次集光部は、
前記発電素子の上に設けられる二次レンズと、
前記二次レンズを支持するレンズ支持部と、
太陽光を透過させない平板状の部材に形成された孔から前記二次レンズの上部を露出させ、かつ、前記レンズ支持部に乗った状態で固着され、前記二次レンズから外れた位置に集束する光を遮る遮蔽板と、
を備えている集光型太陽光発電ユニット。 - 前記遮蔽板は、中央に前記孔が形成された円板状部材である請求項1に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記二次レンズの表面を覆う、透光性の樹脂製の被覆部と、
前記レンズ支持部内で前記発電素子と前記二次レンズとの隙間の空間を満たす透光性の樹脂製のシール部と、を備えている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。 - 前記レンズ支持部の上端面は、前記遮蔽板を固着させる平坦面であり、当該平坦面の内側エッジで前記二次レンズを支持する請求項1又は請求項2に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記レンズ支持部の上端面は、
前記被覆部の下端を受け止める樹脂受け部となるとともに、内側エッジで前記二次レンズを支持する内側の低段部と、
前記低段部より高く、前記遮蔽板を乗せる外側の高段部と、
を有する、請求項3に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。 - 前記遮蔽板の前記孔の内寸法は、前記被覆部付きの前記二次レンズの外寸法より大きく形成されている請求項5に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記遮蔽板における前記孔の縁部は、前記被覆部に食い込んでいる請求項5に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記レンズ支持部は、前記発電素子を収容するパッケージの一部である、請求項1~請求項7のいずれか1項に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記発電素子と前記二次レンズとの隙間の空間を満たす透光性の樹脂製のシール部が、前記レンズ支持部を兼ねている請求項1又は請求項2に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 前記遮蔽板は、前記発電素子と並列に接続され、前記発電素子を収容するパッケージの外側に設けられるバイパスダイオードについても、前記二次レンズから外れた位置に集束する光から遮蔽する大きさを有している請求項1~請求項9のいずれか1項に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
- 請求項1に記載の集光型太陽光発電ユニットを複数個並べて成る集光型太陽光発電モジュール。
- 請求項11に記載の集光型太陽光発電モジュールを複数個並べて成る集光型太陽光発電パネル。
- 請求項12に記載の集光型太陽光発電パネルと、当該集光型太陽光発電パネルが太陽の方向を向いて太陽の動きに追尾動作するように駆動する駆動装置とを備えた集光型太陽光発電装置。
- 一次集光部で集光した太陽光を二次集光部で発電素子に導く集光型太陽光発電ユニットであって、光路上の位置の上下関係を、前記二次集光部に対して前記一次集光部が上方にあると定義した場合、前記二次集光部は、
前記発電素子の上に設けられる二次レンズと、
前記二次レンズを支持するレンズ支持部と、
太陽光を透過させない円板状の部材の中央に形成された孔から前記二次レンズの上部を露出させ、かつ、前記レンズ支持部に乗った状態で固着され、前記二次レンズから外れた位置に集束する光を遮る遮蔽板と、
を備えている集光型太陽光発電ユニット。
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CN201680042531.4A CN107851680B (zh) | 2015-08-03 | 2016-06-07 | 聚光型光伏单元、聚光型光伏模块、聚光型光伏面板以及聚光型光伏装置 |
US15/744,229 US11139409B2 (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2016-06-07 | Concentrator photovoltaic unit, concentrator photovoltaic module, concentrator photovoltaic panel, and concentrator photovoltaic device |
EP16832604.9A EP3333903B1 (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2016-06-07 | Concentrator photovoltaic unit, concentrator photovoltaic module, concentrator photovoltaic panel, and concentrator photovoltaic device |
AU2016302488A AU2016302488A1 (en) | 2015-08-03 | 2016-06-07 | Concentrator photovoltaic unit, concentrator photovoltaic module, concentrator photovoltaic panel, and concentrator photovoltaic device |
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JP (1) | JP6507915B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107851680B (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2016302488A1 (ja) |
MA (1) | MA44432B1 (ja) |
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AU2016302488A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
TWI744244B (zh) | 2021-11-01 |
US20180204969A1 (en) | 2018-07-19 |
CN107851680B (zh) | 2021-01-15 |
JP6507915B2 (ja) | 2019-05-08 |
TW201707373A (zh) | 2017-02-16 |
EP3333903B1 (en) | 2020-05-13 |
EP3333903A4 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
EP3333903A1 (en) | 2018-06-13 |
JP2017034106A (ja) | 2017-02-09 |
CN107851680A (zh) | 2018-03-27 |
US11139409B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
MA44432A (fr) | 2018-06-13 |
MA44432B1 (fr) | 2020-09-30 |
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