WO2016167262A1 - 摺動部品 - Google Patents
摺動部品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016167262A1 WO2016167262A1 PCT/JP2016/061854 JP2016061854W WO2016167262A1 WO 2016167262 A1 WO2016167262 A1 WO 2016167262A1 JP 2016061854 W JP2016061854 W JP 2016061854W WO 2016167262 A1 WO2016167262 A1 WO 2016167262A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- sliding surface
- sliding
- fluid
- groove
- sealing ring
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/16—Arrangement of bearings; Supporting or mounting bearings in casings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
- F16J15/3416—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities with at least one continuous groove
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/18—Lubricating arrangements
- F01D25/183—Sealing means
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/06—Arrangements of bearings; Lubricating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/08—Heating air supply before combustion, e.g. by exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C7/00—Features, components parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart form groups F02C1/00 - F02C6/00; Air intakes for jet-propulsion plants
- F02C7/28—Arrangement of seals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/12—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings
- F04D29/122—Shaft sealings using sealing-rings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C17/00—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement
- F16C17/04—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only
- F16C17/045—Sliding-contact bearings for exclusively rotary movement for axial load only with grooves in the bearing surface to generate hydrodynamic pressure, e.g. spiral groove thrust bearings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/1065—Grooves on a bearing surface for distributing or collecting the liquid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
- F16C33/02—Parts of sliding-contact bearings
- F16C33/04—Brasses; Bushes; Linings
- F16C33/06—Sliding surface mainly made of metal
- F16C33/10—Construction relative to lubrication
- F16C33/1025—Construction relative to lubrication with liquid, e.g. oil, as lubricant
- F16C33/106—Details of distribution or circulation inside the bearings, e.g. details of the bearing surfaces to affect flow or pressure of the liquid
- F16C33/1075—Wedges, e.g. ramps or lobes, for generating pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/34—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member
- F16J15/3404—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal
- F16J15/3408—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface
- F16J15/3412—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with slip-ring pressed against a more or less radial face on one member and characterised by parts or details relating to lubrication, cooling or venting of the seal at least one ring having an uneven slipping surface with cavities
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/14—Lubrication of pumps; Safety measures therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2220/00—Application
- F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C2361/00—Apparatus or articles in engineering in general
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a sliding part suitable for a sliding part, for example, a mechanical seal, a bearing, and the like.
- a sliding part suitable for a sliding part, for example, a mechanical seal, a bearing, and the like.
- it is used for seal rings that need to reduce the friction by interposing fluid on the sliding surface and prevent fluid from leaking from the sliding surface, such as gearboxes for turbochargers or aero engines.
- the present invention relates to sliding parts such as oil seals or bearings.
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component
- its performance is evaluated by a leakage amount, a wear amount, and a torque.
- the performance is improved by optimizing the sliding material and sliding surface roughness of the mechanical seal, and low leakage, long life, and low torque are realized.
- further improvement in the performance of mechanical seals is required, and technical development that exceeds the framework of conventional techniques is required.
- an oil seal device of a rotating part such as a turbocharger
- a rotating shaft that is rotatably accommodated in a housing
- a disk-shaped rotating body that rotates together with the rotating shaft
- a disk-shaped fixing body that is fixed to the housing and that abuts against the end surface of the rotating body to prevent oil from leaking from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side.
- An annular groove for generating pressure is provided to prevent oil from leaking from the outer peripheral side to the inner peripheral side (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
- the rotating ring is provided with a rotating ring and a stationary ring attached to the casing together with the rotating shaft, and the rotating ring is provided on any sliding surface of the rotating ring and the stationary ring.
- a spiral groove that wraps the low-pressure side liquid toward the high-pressure side by rotation is provided so that the end of the high-pressure side is closed, so that the sealed fluid on the high-pressure side is prevented from leaking to the low-pressure side.
- one of the pair of cooperating seal rings is provided in the rotating component, and the other is Provided in stationary components, these seal rings have a seal surface formed substantially radially during operation, with the outer area of the seal surface between the seal surfaces and the inner area of the seal surface.
- a seal gap for sealing is formed, and at least one of the seal surfaces is provided with a plurality of circumferentially spaced recesses effective for feeding gas, the recesses from one peripheral edge of the seal surface to the other.
- the inner end of the recess is provided radially away from the other periphery of the sealing surface, and the non-gas component in the gas medium containing the non-gas component is sealed. It is known in which so as to be (for example, see Patent Document 3.).
- a fluid for example, liquid
- the fluid eg, liquid
- the fluid eg, gas
- the sliding component of the present invention firstly includes a pair of sliding components that slide relative to each other, one sliding component is a fixed-side sealing ring, and the other sliding component is These sealing rings have a sliding surface formed in the radial direction and seal against leakage of a fluid to be sealed, and at least one of the sliding surfaces has the above-described sealing ring.
- a fluid introduction groove configured to communicate with one peripheral edge of the sliding surface and not to communicate with the other peripheral edge is provided, communicated with the other peripheral edge of the sliding surface, It is characterized in that a dynamic pressure generating groove configured not to communicate is provided.
- a low-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring at the time of start-up is provided by providing a fluid introduction groove configured to communicate with one peripheral edge of the sliding surface and not communicate with the other peripheral edge.
- the fluid present on one side of the sliding surface is positively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface can be lubricated.
- the rotating side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the fluid introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the fluid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Absent.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove configured to communicate with the other periphery of the sliding surface and not to communicate with the one periphery, in a high-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring such as steady operation Since the fluid existing on the other side of the sliding surface is sucked and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated, a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface between the rotating side sealing ring and the stationary side sealing ring, The sliding surface is in a fluid lubrication state and can have very low friction. At the same time, since the fluid existing on the other side is pumped toward the one side by the dynamic pressure generating groove, the fluid on the one side can be prevented from leaking to the other side.
- the sliding component of the present invention secondly includes a pair of sliding components that slide relative to each other, one sliding component is a fixed side sealing ring, and the other sliding component is a rotation side sealing ring.
- These sealing rings have a sliding surface formed in the radial direction, and seal against leakage of a liquid to be sealed or a mist-like fluid, and at least of the sliding surface.
- a fluid introduction groove is provided which communicates with the peripheral edge of the sliding surface on the sealed fluid side and does not communicate with the peripheral edge of the leakage side, and communicates with the peripheral edge of the sliding surface on the leakage side.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove configured not to communicate with the peripheral edge on the sealed fluid side is provided.
- a low-speed rotation state of the rotation side sealing ring at the time of start-up is provided by providing a fluid introduction groove configured to communicate with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface and not to communicate with the leakage side.
- the liquid or mist-like fluid present on the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface is positively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface can be lubricated.
- the liquid or mist-like fluid introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force when the rotation side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid is discharged to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Or mist-like fluid does not leak.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove configured to communicate with the peripheral edge of the sliding surface on the leakage side and not to communicate with the peripheral edge of the sealed fluid side.
- dynamic pressure positive pressure
- a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface between the rotating side sealing ring and the stationary side sealing ring. It becomes a state of fluid lubrication and can have very low friction.
- the fluid on the leakage side is pumped toward the sealed fluid side by the dynamic pressure generating groove, it is possible to prevent liquid or mist-like fluid on the sealed fluid side from leaking to the leakage side.
- the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove are provided only on the sliding surface of the rotation side sealing ring. It is a feature. According to this feature, the fluid introduced into the sliding surface from the fluid introduction groove when the rotating side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the liquid is disposed on the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Or mist-like fluid does not leak. Furthermore, in the high-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as steady operation, fluid is sucked in from the leakage side and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated.
- a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface, and the sliding surface is in a fluid-lubricated state and can have very low friction. Furthermore, it is possible to combine silicon carbide (SiC) as the material of the rotating side sealing ring and carbon as the material of the stationary side sealing ring, and even if the sliding surface becomes dry, the sliding surface Can prevent damage.
- SiC silicon carbide
- the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove are provided only on the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring. It is a feature. According to this feature, the fluid existing on one side of the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the counter-side sealing ring at the time of startup or the like is more actively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface Can be lubricated.
- the sliding component of the present invention is fifth, in the first or second feature, the fluid introduction groove is formed on one of the sliding surfaces of the rotating side sealing ring or the fixed side sealing ring,
- the dynamic pressure generating groove is provided on the other sliding surface of the rotating side sealing ring or the fixed side sealing ring. According to this feature, the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove can be easily processed.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided on one side in the radial direction of the sliding surface, and the dynamic pressure is provided on the other side.
- a generation groove is provided, and a gas vent groove is provided between the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface. It has the opening part opened only in one peripheral edge of this, The said opening part is the largest, It is characterized by being formed in the taper shape. According to this feature, fluid existing on one side of the sliding surface easily enters the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as at the time of starting, and contributes to lubrication of the sliding surface. Can do.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface. It has the opening part opened only in one peripheral edge of this, and the other side of the said opening part is formed in the shape cut in circular arc shape in radial direction, It is characterized by the above-mentioned. According to this feature, fluid can be introduced into the sliding surface in any rotation direction of the rotation-side sealing ring.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface, and the sliding surface It is characterized by comprising a fluid introduction part and a fluid lead-out part communicating only with one peripheral edge, and a fluid communication part communicating these in the circumferential direction.
- the fluid existing on one side of the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring at the time of starting or the like is more actively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface is lubricated. It can be performed.
- a positive pressure generation mechanism including a positive pressure generation groove communicated with the fluid introduction groove on the upstream side is provided. It is a feature. According to this feature, since the positive pressure (dynamic pressure) is generated even in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as at the time of starting, the liquid film at the low speed on the sliding surface is increased, and the lubrication at the low speed is performed. Performance can be improved.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove has a spiral shape that communicates only with the other peripheral edge of the sliding surface. It is characterized by that. According to this feature, since the pumping force of the fluid existing on the other side of the sliding surface can be increased, the leakage of the fluid can be further prevented.
- the sliding component of the present invention is twelfth according to any one of the first to tenth aspects, wherein the dynamic pressure generating groove communicates only with the other peripheral edge of the sliding surface. Is characterized in that a pair is arranged symmetrically. According to this feature, a predetermined dynamic pressure can be generated on the sliding surface in any rotation direction of the rotation-side sealing ring.
- the present invention has the following excellent effects. (1) By providing a fluid introduction groove configured to communicate with one peripheral edge of the sliding surface and not communicate with the other peripheral edge, sliding is performed in a low-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring such as during startup.
- the fluid present on one side of the surface is positively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface can be lubricated.
- the rotating side sealing ring rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the fluid introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the fluid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Absent.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove configured to communicate with the other periphery of the sliding surface and not to communicate with the one periphery, in a high-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring such as steady operation Since the fluid existing on the other side of the sliding surface is sucked and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated, a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface between the rotating side sealing ring and the stationary side sealing ring, The sliding surface is in a fluid lubrication state and can have very low friction. At the same time, since the fluid existing on the other side is pumped toward the one side by the dynamic pressure generating groove, the fluid on the one side can be prevented from leaking to the other side.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove configured to communicate with the peripheral edge of the sliding surface on the leakage side and not to the peripheral edge of the sealed fluid side.
- dynamic pressure positive pressure
- the sliding surface is fluid. It becomes a state of lubrication and can have very low friction.
- the fluid on the leakage side is pumped toward the sealed fluid side by the dynamic pressure generating groove, it is possible to prevent liquid or mist-like fluid on the sealed fluid side from leaking to the leakage side.
- the rotation side sealing ring is introduced from the fluid introduction groove to the sliding surface during high speed rotation such as steady operation. Since the discharged fluid is discharged by centrifugal force, the liquid or mist-like fluid does not leak to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. Furthermore, in the high-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring such as steady operation, fluid is sucked in from the leakage side and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated. A slight gap is formed on the sliding surface, and the sliding surface is in a fluid-lubricated state and can have very low friction. Furthermore, it is possible to combine silicon carbide (SiC) as the material of the rotating side sealing ring and carbon as the material of the stationary side sealing ring, and even if the sliding surface becomes dry, the sliding surface Can prevent damage.
- SiC silicon carbide
- the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generating groove are provided only on the sliding surface of the fixed side sealing ring, so that the sliding surface of the rotating side sealing ring on the other side is low-speed rotating at the time of startup or the like.
- the fluid existing on one side is more actively introduced into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface can be lubricated.
- the fluid introduction groove is on the sliding surface of either the rotating side sealing ring or the stationary side sealing ring
- the dynamic pressure generating groove is the sliding surface of either the rotating side sealing ring or the stationary side sealing ring.
- a fluid introduction groove is provided on one side in the radial direction of the sliding surface, a dynamic pressure generation groove is provided on the other side, and a gas vent groove is provided between the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface, and has an opening that opens only on one peripheral edge of the sliding surface.
- the opening is the largest and is formed in a tapered shape. Therefore, fluid existing on one side of the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating-side seal ring at the time of starting or the like can easily enter the sliding surface and contribute to lubrication of the sliding surface. it can.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface, and has an opening that opens only on one peripheral edge of the sliding surface.
- the opposite side of the opening is arcuate in the radial direction.
- the fluid can be introduced into the sliding surface in any rotational direction of the rotation-side sealing ring.
- the fluid introduction groove is provided so as to be along one peripheral edge of the sliding surface, and the fluid introducing portion and the fluid outlet portion communicating only with one peripheral edge of the sliding surface, and the fluid communicating these in the circumferential direction.
- the communicating portion By comprising the communicating portion, the fluid existing on one side of the sliding surface in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring at the time of starting or the like is more actively introduced into the sliding surface and is slid.
- the moving surface can be lubricated.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove is formed by symmetrically arranging a pair of substantially L-shaped grooves communicating only with the other peripheral edge of the sliding surface, so that any rotation of the rotation-side sealing ring can be performed. Even in the direction, a predetermined dynamic pressure can be generated on the sliding surface.
- FIG. 3 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, in which a fluid introduction groove and a dynamic pressure generating groove are provided on the sliding surface of the rotation side sealing ring.
- FIG. 9 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and a fluid introduction groove and a dynamic pressure generating groove are provided on the sliding surface of the stationary seal ring. It shows the sliding surface of the sliding component which concerns on Example 3 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing for demonstrating clearly the state of the sliding surface in Example 1 thru
- FIG. 3 shows a fluid introduction groove and a dynamic pressure generating groove.
- Example 7 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 4 of the present invention.
- 10 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 5 of the present invention.
- 10 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 6 of the present invention.
- 9 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 7 of the present invention.
- 9 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 8 of the present invention.
- 9 shows a sliding surface of a sliding component according to Example 9 of the present invention.
- Example 1 of this invention With reference to FIG.1 and FIG.2, the sliding component which concerns on Example 1 of this invention is demonstrated.
- a mechanical seal which is an example of a sliding component will be described as an example.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding component constituting the mechanical seal will be described as the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side), and the inner peripheral side will be described as the leakage side (gas side), but the present invention is limited to this.
- the present invention can also be applied to the case where the outer peripheral side is the leakage side (gas side) and the inner peripheral side is the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side).
- the sealed fluid side liquid side or mist-like fluid side
- the leakage side gas side
- both pressures may be the same.
- FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of a mechanical seal, which seals a fluid to be sealed that leaks from an outer periphery of a sliding surface toward an inner periphery, for example, a lubricant used in a bearing portion.
- One of the types provided inside the turbocharger is rotatably provided integrally with the rotary shaft 2 via a sleeve 3 on the side of the rotary shaft 2 that drives the impeller 1 of the compressor provided in the turbocharger.
- An annular rotation-side sealing ring 4 that is a sliding part, and an annular shape that is the other sliding part provided in the housing 5 in a non-rotating state and movable in the axial direction via the cartridge 6.
- the fixed-side sealing ring 7 is provided, and the coiled wave spring 8 that urges the fixed-side sealing ring 7 in the axial direction causes the sliding surfaces S that are mirror-finished by lapping or the like to slide in close contact with each other.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 and the stationary-side sealing ring 7 have a sliding surface S formed in the radial direction, and a fluid to be sealed, such as a liquid or mist, is formed on each sliding surface S. Is prevented from flowing out from the outer periphery of the sliding surface S to the leakage side on the inner peripheral side.
- Reference numeral 9 denotes an O-ring that seals between the cartridge 6 and the stationary-side sealing ring 7.
- the material of the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7 is selected from silicon carbide (SiC) having excellent wear resistance and carbon having excellent self-lubricating properties.
- SiC silicon carbide
- FIG. 2 shows a sliding surface of the sliding component according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 and the movement of the sliding surface of the rotary seal ring 4 in FIG. A case where the pressure generating groove 11 is provided will be described.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is formed of silicon carbide (SiC), and the fixed-side sealing is performed. Ring 7 is formed from carbon.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S of the rotation-side seal ring 4 is the sealed fluid side, for example, the liquid side
- the inner periphery side is the leak side, for example, the gas side.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and does not communicate with the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introduction groove 10 is provided, and a dynamic pressure generation groove 11 is provided which communicates with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and does not communicate with the outer peripheral edge.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 has an opening 10a that opens only at the outer peripheral edge, and the opening 10a is formed in a tapered shape. For this reason, in the low-speed rotation state of the rotation side sealing ring 5 at the time of starting or the like, the liquid existing on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S easily enters the sliding surface and contributes to the lubrication of the sliding surface S. Can do. Further, the fluid introduction groove 10 has a shape in which the upstream side at the time of rotation is located inward in the radial direction, the downstream side opens to the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side, and is inclined in the radial direction.
- the fluid introduction grooves 10 are provided in the circumferential direction in five equal distributions.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not to communicate with the outer peripheral edge, and has a spiral shape.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 sucks gas from the inner peripheral side inlet 11a and generates dynamic pressure (positive pressure) in the vicinity of the outer peripheral end 11b in a high speed rotation state of the rotary side sealing ring 4 such as steady operation. .
- a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface S between the rotating side sealing ring 4 and the stationary side sealing ring 7, and the sliding surface S becomes in a gas-lubricated state and has very low friction.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 has a shape that greatly opens to the outer peripheral side (liquid side) within a range that does not interfere with generation of dynamic pressure by the dynamic pressure generation groove 11 and promotes introduction of liquid.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 is formed in a substantially right triangle shape, a portion corresponding to the base is opened on the outer peripheral side, and a short side orthogonal to the base is on the upstream side during rotation. It is desirable that it is positioned and extends inward in the radial direction, and the hypotenuse is inclined so as to incline toward the outer peripheral side toward the downstream side during rotation.
- the depth of the fluid introduction groove 10 is set sufficiently deeper than the depth of the dynamic pressure generation groove 11, and is set to, for example, about 25 ⁇ m to 500 ⁇ m.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation side sealing ring 4 is on the to-be-sealed fluid side of this sliding surface S, ie, the outer peripheral side.
- the sliding side sealing ring 4 can be slid in a low-speed rotation state such as during startup.
- the liquid present on the outer peripheral side of the moving surface S is positively introduced into the sliding surface S, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated.
- the rotation-side seal ring 4 when the rotation-side seal ring 4 is rotated at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove 10 to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. There is nothing.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not to communicate with the outer peripheral edge, the rotation-side sealing ring 4 for steady operation or the like is provided.
- the material of the rotation side seal ring 4 is silicon carbide (SiC), and the material of the fixed side seal ring 7 is carbon. This combination is possible, and even if the sliding surface becomes dry, damage to the sliding surface can be prevented.
- Example 2 of this invention With reference to FIG. 3, the sliding component which concerns on Example 2 of this invention is demonstrated.
- the sliding component according to the second embodiment is different from the sliding component according to the first embodiment in that the fluid introduction groove 10 and the dynamic pressure generation groove 11 are provided in the stationary-side sealing ring 7, but other basic configurations are implemented.
- the same members as those in Example 1 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S of the fixed-side seal ring 7 is the sealed fluid side, for example, the liquid side, and the inner peripheral side is the leak side, for example, the gas side. Rotate counterclockwise as shown by the arrow.
- the sliding surface S of the fixed-side sealing ring 7 is provided with a fluid introduction groove 10 configured to communicate with the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side and not with the peripheral edge on the inner peripheral side.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the peripheral edge on the peripheral side and not to communicate with the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 is provided on the sliding surface S of the stationary seal ring 7, so that the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S in the low-speed rotation state of the mating rotation-side seal ring 5 at the time of startup or the like.
- the liquid present in the is more positively introduced into the sliding surface S, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated.
- the liquid introduced into the sliding surface from the fluid introduction groove 10 during the high-speed rotation such as steady operation of the rotating side sealing ring 5 on the other side is slightly weaker than that of the first embodiment through the viscosity of the liquid. Since the liquid is discharged in response to the force, the liquid does not leak to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side.
- the gas pressure from the inner peripheral side inlet 11 a is slightly compared with that in the first embodiment. Although weak, the gas is sucked and dynamic pressure (positive pressure) is generated in the vicinity of the end 11b on the outer peripheral side. Therefore, a slight gap is formed on the sliding surface S between the rotating side sealing ring 5 and the stationary side sealing ring 7. And the sliding surface S is in a gas-lubricated state and can have very low friction.
- the gas on the inner peripheral side is pumped toward the outer peripheral side by the spiral-shaped dynamic pressure generating groove 11, so that the liquid on the outer peripheral side is prevented from leaking to the inner peripheral side. can do.
- the sliding part according to the third embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the shapes of the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove, but the other basic configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals. The overlapping description is omitted.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S of the rotating side sealing ring 4 is the sealed fluid side, for example, the liquid side
- the inner peripheral side is the leaking side, for example, the gas side. Let it rotate to both as shown.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side seal ring 4 is provided with a fluid introduction groove 12 configured to communicate with the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side and not to communicate with the peripheral edge on the inner peripheral side.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove 13 configured to communicate with the peripheral edge on the peripheral side and not to communicate with the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 12 is provided along the outer peripheral edge of the sliding surface S, and has an opening 12a that opens only at the outer peripheral edge of the sliding surface S.
- the opposite side 12b of the opening 12a is It is formed in a shape cut in an arc shape in the radial direction. That is, the fluid introduction groove 12 has a substantially crescent shape. For this reason, in the low-speed rotation state of the rotation side sealing ring 4 at the time of starting or the like, the fluid introduction groove 12 can easily enter the liquid present on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S, and contribute to lubrication of the sliding surface S. .
- the rotation-side seal ring 4 when the rotation-side seal ring 4 is in a high-speed rotation state such as steady operation, the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove 12 to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, and the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. There is no. Furthermore, since the fluid introduction groove 12 has a substantially crescent shape, the same action can be produced in any rotation direction of the rotation-side sealing ring 4. In addition, although the fluid introduction grooves 12 are arranged in an equal distribution in the circumferential direction, the number is not limited to this and may be one or more.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 13 has a radial communication portion 13a that communicates only with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and a dynamic pressure generation portion 13b that extends in the circumferential direction, and has a substantially L shape.
- a dynamic pressure generating groove 13 ′ is disposed symmetrically in the circumferential direction with respect to the dynamic pressure generating groove 13, and the two form a pair. If the rotation-side seal ring 4 is rotated clockwise, the downstream-side dynamic pressure generating groove 13 has a radially communicating portion 13a on the inner peripheral side in the high-speed rotation state of the rotation-side seal ring 4 such as steady operation.
- the dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 are symmetrically arranged so as to be close to each other in the circumferential direction, the same action can be produced in any rotation direction of the rotation-side sealing ring 4.
- the substantially L-shaped dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 are arranged at eight equal positions in the circumferential direction at positions that do not interfere with the fluid introducing grooves 12, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and the fluid introducing grooves 12 are not limited thereto.
- the design may be determined in consideration of operating conditions such as reducing the number by increasing the length in the circumferential direction within a range that does not interfere with the motor.
- the substantially L-shaped dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 are arranged symmetrically so as to be close to each other in the circumferential direction.
- the two dynamic pressure generating grooves 13 are integrated into a substantially T-shape. Also, the same effect as this example can be produced.
- FIG. 5A is a basic configuration diagram illustrating the roles of the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove on the sliding surface provided with the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove.
- the fluid introduction groove causes the liquid on the outer peripheral side to be the sliding surface during low-speed rotation.
- FIG. 5B is a diagram for explaining the situation during low-speed rotation.
- the fluid introduction groove introduces liquid on the outer peripheral side into the sliding surface, and the sliding surface is held in a non-contact state by fluid lubrication.
- FIG. 5C is a diagram for explaining the situation at the time of high-speed rotation. Since the liquid introduced into the sliding surface is blown off to the outer peripheral side by centrifugal force, the fluid lubrication action by the liquid on the sliding surface is exerted. On the other hand, since the generated dynamic pressure is large on the inner peripheral side, the gas is sufficiently taken in, the sliding surface is maintained in a non-contact state, and the pressure on the sliding surface is increased, so the outer peripheral side Liquid does not leak to the inner periphery. It is in a so-called gas seal state.
- the sliding component according to the fourth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a positive pressure generating mechanism is additionally provided, but the other basic configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals. A duplicate description will be omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introduction groove 10 configured not to communicate is provided, and a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not communicate with the outer peripheral edge. It has been.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 15 having a positive pressure generating groove 15 a shallower than the fluid introducing groove 10 is provided in a portion surrounded by the fluid introducing groove 10, the dynamic pressure generating groove 11, and the outer peripheral side.
- the positive pressure generating groove 15a communicates with the fluid introduction groove 10 on the upstream side, is separated from the outer peripheral side and the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 by the land portion R, and generates positive pressure (dynamic pressure) in the downstream Rayleigh step 15b. This increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces and improves the lubrication performance.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 Since the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 generates a positive pressure (dynamic pressure) even in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring 4 such as at the time of startup, the liquid film at the low speed on the sliding surface is increased, and the low speed is reduced. The lubricating performance at the time can be improved.
- the sliding part according to the fifth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the fluid introduction groove is different and a positive pressure generating mechanism is additionally provided, but other basic configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Yes, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introduction groove 10 configured not to communicate is provided, and the planar shape configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not with the outer peripheral edge is a spiral-shaped motion.
- a pressure generating groove 11 is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 is disposed along the outer peripheral side periphery, and the planar shape is formed in a substantially rectangular shape.
- the fluid introduction groove 10 communicates with the sealed fluid side at the outer peripheral side periphery of the sliding surface S, and the inner peripheral side. Are isolated by a land portion R.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 15 including a positive pressure generating groove 15 a that communicates with the downstream side in the circumferential direction of the fluid introducing groove 10 and is shallower than the fluid introducing groove 10 is provided.
- the positive pressure generation mechanism 15 increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces by generating a positive pressure (dynamic pressure), thereby improving the lubrication performance.
- the positive pressure generating groove 15a communicates with the fluid introduction groove 10 on the upstream side and is isolated from the outer peripheral side by the land portion R.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 includes a Rayleigh step mechanism including a positive pressure generating groove 15a and a Rayleigh step 15b communicating with the fluid introduction groove 10 on the upstream side, but is not limited thereto. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the planar shape formed by the fluid introduction groove 10 and the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 is a substantially inverted L shape.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 When the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is rotated clockwise, the liquid on the outer peripheral side is introduced from the substantially rectangular fluid introduction groove 10 to the sliding surface, and the sliding surface S can be lubricated. At that time, since positive pressure (dynamic pressure) is generated by the positive pressure generating mechanism 15, the fluid film between the sliding surfaces is increased, and the lubricating performance can be further improved.
- the rotation-side seal ring 4 when the rotation-side seal ring 4 is rotated at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove 10 to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. There is nothing.
- the sliding part according to the sixth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the fluid introduction groove is different and a positive pressure generating mechanism is additionally provided, but other basic configurations are the same as those in the first embodiment. Yes, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introduction groove 16 configured not to communicate is provided, and the planar shape configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not communicate with the outer peripheral edge is a spiral-shaped motion.
- a pressure generating groove 11 is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 16 is disposed along the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side, and is connected to only the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S, and the fluid that communicates these in the circumferential direction. It is composed of a communication portion 16c and is separated from the inner peripheral side by a land portion R.
- the fluid introduction part 16a and the fluid lead-out part 16b are each formed radially from the inside to the outside of the sliding surface and are substantially V-shaped.
- the present invention is not particularly limited to this.
- the inclination of the fluid introduction part 16a and the fluid lead-out part 16b may be further increased, and may be a curved shape (arc shape or the like) instead of a linear shape.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 15 including a positive pressure generating groove 15 a shallower than the fluid introducing groove 16 is provided in a portion surrounded by the fluid introducing groove 16 and the outer peripheral side.
- the positive pressure generation mechanism 15 increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces by generating a positive pressure (dynamic pressure), thereby improving the lubrication performance.
- the positive pressure generating groove 15a communicates with the fluid introducing portion 16a on the upstream side, and is separated from the fluid outlet portion 16b and the outer peripheral side by the land portion R.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 includes a Rayleigh step mechanism including a positive pressure generating groove 15a and a Rayleigh step 15b communicating with the fluid introducing portion 16a of the fluid introducing groove 15 on the upstream side. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the sliding component according to the seventh embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that the shape of the fluid introduction groove is different and a positive pressure generating mechanism is additionally provided, but the other basic configuration is the same as that in the first embodiment. Yes, the same reference numerals are assigned to the same members, and duplicate descriptions are omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introduction groove 16 configured not to communicate is provided, and the planar shape configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not communicate with the outer peripheral edge is a spiral-shaped motion.
- a pressure generating groove 11 is provided.
- the fluid introduction groove 16 is disposed along the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side, and is connected to only the peripheral edge on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S, and the fluid that communicates these in the circumferential direction. It is composed of a communication portion 16c and is separated from the inner peripheral side by a land portion R.
- the fluid introduction part 16a and the fluid lead-out part 16b are provided at a constant distance in the circumferential direction and extend linearly in the radial direction, so that the planar shape of the fluid introduction groove 16 is substantially U-shaped. ing.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 15 including a positive pressure generating groove 15 a shallower than the fluid introducing groove 16 is provided in a portion surrounded by the fluid introducing groove 16 and the outer peripheral side.
- the positive pressure generation mechanism 15 increases the fluid film between the sliding surfaces by generating a positive pressure (dynamic pressure), thereby improving the lubrication performance.
- the positive pressure generating groove 15a communicates with the fluid introducing portion 16a on the upstream side, and is separated from the fluid outlet portion 16b and the outer peripheral side by the land portion R.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 includes a Rayleigh step mechanism including a positive pressure generating groove 15a and a Rayleigh step 15b communicating with the fluid introducing portion 16a of the fluid introducing groove 15 on the upstream side. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
- the rotation-side seal ring 4 is rotated clockwise, the liquid on the outer peripheral side is introduced from the fluid introduction part 16a of the substantially U-shaped fluid introduction groove 16 to the sliding surface, and from the fluid outlet part 16b to the outer peripheral side.
- the liquid existing on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S in the low-speed rotation state of the rotating side sealing ring 4 at the time of starting or the like is further actively introduced into the sliding surface S,
- the moving surface S can be lubricated.
- positive pressure dynamic pressure
- the fluid film between the sliding surfaces is increased, and the lubricating performance can be further improved.
- the sliding part according to the eighth embodiment is different from the fourth embodiment in FIG. 6 in that the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generation groove are provided separately in the rotation side sealing ring and the stationary side sealing ring.
- the basic configuration is the same as that of the fourth embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and redundant description is omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation side sealing ring 4 is configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not to communicate with the outer peripheral edge.
- the generated dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is provided.
- the sliding surface S of the stationary-side sealing ring 7 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the peripheral edge of the outer peripheral side, and the leakage side, that is, the inner side.
- a fluid introduction groove 16 configured not to communicate with the peripheral edge on the peripheral side is provided.
- a positive pressure generating mechanism 15 including a positive pressure generating groove 15 a shallower than the fluid introducing groove 16 is provided in a portion surrounded by the fluid introducing groove 16 and the outer peripheral side.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 and the fluid introduction groove 16 are disposed at positions that do not overlap.
- the fluid introduction groove 16 is provided on the sliding surface S of the fixed side sealing ring 7 and the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is provided on the sliding surface S of the rotation side sealing ring 4.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 may be disposed on the sliding surface S of the fixed side sealing ring 7
- the fluid introduction groove 16 may be disposed on the sliding surface S of the rotating side sealing ring 4.
- the dynamic pressure generation groove 11, the fluid introduction groove 16, and the positive pressure generation mechanism 15 are provided on separate sliding surfaces, so that the processing is performed. Easy.
- the sliding component which concerns on Example 9 of this invention is demonstrated.
- the sliding component according to the ninth embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that a gas vent groove is provided between the fluid introduction groove and the dynamic pressure generating groove, and the fluid introduction groove has a spiral shape.
- other basic configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.
- the sliding surface S of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- a fluid introducing groove 17 configured not to communicate is provided, and a dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not communicate with the outer peripheral edge. It has been. Further, a gas vent groove 18 is provided between the fluid introduction groove 17 and the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 in the radial direction.
- the gas vent groove 18 is a circumferential groove portion 18a provided between the fluid introduction groove 17 disposed on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S and the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 disposed on the inner peripheral side. And a radial groove portion 18b provided between the fluid introduction grooves 17 and communicating with the outer peripheral side.
- the depth of the gas vent groove 18 is set deeper than the depth of the dynamic pressure generating groove 11, as with the fluid introduction groove 17. Further, in this example, the radial groove portions 18b are arranged in six equal parts in the circumferential direction.
- the fluid introduction groove 17 is provided in a portion surrounded by the gas vent groove 18 and the outer peripheral side, and has an opening 17a whose upstream side is opened to the outer peripheral side during rotation and an end portion 17b whose downstream side is positioned radially inside. It has a spiral shape.
- the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 is provided in a portion surrounded by the gas vent groove 18 on the inner peripheral side, and an opening portion 11a having an upstream side opened to the inner peripheral side during rotation and an end portion having a downstream side positioned on the inner side in the radial direction. 11b and is formed in a spiral shape.
- the rotation-side sealing ring 4 If the rotation-side sealing ring 4 is rotated clockwise, it communicates with the sealed fluid side of the sliding surface S, that is, the outer peripheral edge, and does not communicate with the leakage side, that is, the inner peripheral edge.
- the spiral-shaped fluid introduction groove 17 configured as described above, dynamic pressure is generated due to suction of the liquid existing on the outer peripheral side of the sliding surface S in the low-speed rotation state of the rotation-side sealing ring 4 such as at the time of activation.
- the sliding surface S can be positively introduced and the sliding surface S can be lubricated.
- the rotation-side seal ring 4 rotates at a high speed such as steady operation, the liquid introduced from the fluid introduction groove 17 to the sliding surface is discharged by centrifugal force, so that the liquid leaks to the inner peripheral side which is the leakage side. There is nothing. Furthermore, by providing the dynamic pressure generating groove 11 configured to communicate with the inner peripheral edge of the sliding surface S and not to communicate with the outer peripheral edge, the rotation-side sealing ring 4 for steady operation or the like is provided.
- the sucked gas (bubbles) is discharged to the outer peripheral side without entering the liquid lubrication part, and the generation of dynamic pressure in the liquid in the liquid lubrication part can be stabilized. Moreover, since the gas vent groove 18 is provided, the liquid on the outer peripheral side is prevented from leaking to the inner peripheral side.
- the outer peripheral side of the sliding component has been described as the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side), and the inner peripheral side is described as the leak side (gas side).
- the present invention is also applicable to the case where the outer peripheral side is the leakage side (gas side) and the inner peripheral side is the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side).
- the sealed fluid side (liquid side or mist-like fluid side) has a high pressure.
- the leakage side (gas side) may be low pressure or vice versa, and both pressures may be the same.
- the positive pressure generating mechanism 15 includes the Rayleigh step mechanism including the positive pressure generating groove 15a and the Rayleigh step 15b communicating with the fluid introducing groove 10, but is not limited thereto. In short, any mechanism that generates positive pressure may be used.
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Abstract
Description
そのような中で、例えば、ターボチャージャーのような回転部品のオイルシール装置に利用されるものとして、ハウジングに回転可能に収納された回転軸と、回転軸とともに回転する円盤状の回転体と、ハウジングに固定され、回転体の端面に当接して外周側から内周側へオイルの漏れるのを防止する円盤状の固定体とを備え、固定体の当接面には流体の遠心力により正圧を発生する環状の溝が設けられ、オイルが外周側から内周側へ漏れるのを防止するようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。
また、例えば、ターボチャージャーの駆動軸を圧縮機ハウジングに対してシールするのに適した面シール構造として、協働する1対のシールリングのうち、その一方は回転構成要素に設けられ、他方は静止構成要素に設けられ、これらのシールリングは、作動中に実質的に半径方向に形成されたシール面を有して、シール面同士の間に、シール面の外側区域をシール面の内側区域に対してシールするためのシールギャップが形成され、シール面の少なくとも一方に、ガスを送り込むのに有効な周方向に離間した複数の凹部が設けられ、該凹部はシール面の一方の周縁から他方の周縁に向かって延びているとともに、凹部の内端は前記シール面の他方の周縁から半径方向に離間して設けられ、非ガス成分を含むガス媒体中の非ガス成分がシールされるようにしたものが知られている(例えば、特許文献3参照。)。
この特徴によれば、摺動面の一方の周縁に連通し、他方の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられることにより、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の一方の側に存在する流体が積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面の潤滑を行うことができる。また、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された流体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に流体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、摺動面の前記他方の周縁に連通し、前記一方の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、摺動面の他方の側に存在する流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、動圧発生溝により前記他方の側に存在する流体が前記一方の側に向けてポンピングされるため、前記一方の側の流体が他方の側へ漏れることを防止することができる。
この特徴によれば、摺動面の被密封流体側に連通し、漏れ側には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられることにより、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の被密封流体側に存在する液体又はミスト状の流体が積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面の潤滑を行うことができる。
また、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された液体又はミスト状の流体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体又はミスト状の流体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、摺動面の漏れ側の周縁に連通し、被密封流体側の周縁にには連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、漏れ側から流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、動圧発生溝により漏れ側の流体が被密封流体側に向けてポンピングされるため、被密封流体側の液体又はミスト状の流体が漏れ側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
この特徴によれば、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された流体は、遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体又はミスト状の流体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、より一層、漏れ側から流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。
さらに、回転側密封環の材質を炭化ケイ素(SiC)とし、固定側密封環の材質をカーボンとする組み合わせが可能であり、万一、摺動面がドライになるような場合でも、摺動面の損傷を防止することができる。
この特徴によれば、起動時などの相手側の回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の一方側に存在する流体が、より一層、積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面の潤滑を行うことができる。
この特徴によれば、流体導入溝及び動圧発生溝の加工を容易に行うことができる。
この特徴によれば、一方の側より吸い込まれた流体が他方の側の流体に混入して動圧発生が不安定となることが防止でき、動圧発生を安定したものとすることができる。
また、一方の側の流体が他方の側へ漏洩することを防止することができる。
この特徴によれば、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の一方側に存在する流体が、摺動面に容易に入りやすくなり、摺動面の潤滑に寄与することができる。
この特徴によれば、回転側密封環のいずれの回転方向においても摺動面に流体を導入することができる。
この特徴によれば、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の一方の側に存在する流体が、より一層、積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面の潤滑を行うことができる。
この特徴によれば、特に、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態においても正圧(動圧)を発生するため、摺動面における低速時の液膜が増大され、低速時における潤滑性能を向上させることができる。
この特徴によれば、摺動面の前記他方に存在する流体のポンピング力を大きくすることができるため、流体の漏洩を、より一層、防止することができる。
この特徴によれば、回転側密封環のいずれの回転方向においても摺動面に所定の動圧を発生することができる。
(1)摺動面の一方の周縁に連通し、他方の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられることにより、起動時などの回転側密封環の低速回転状態において摺動面の一方の側に存在する流体が積極的に摺動面に導入され、摺動面の潤滑を行うことができる。また、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された流体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に流体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、摺動面の前記他方の周縁に連通し、前記一方の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、摺動面の他方の側に存在する流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、動圧発生溝により前記他方の側に存在する流体が前記一方の側に向けてポンピングされるため、前記一方の側の流体が他方の側へ漏れることを防止することができる。
また、回転側密封環が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝から摺動面に導入された液体又はミスト状の流体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体又はミスト状の流体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、摺動面の漏れ側の周縁に連通し、被密封流体側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、漏れ側から流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、動圧発生溝により漏れ側の流体が被密封流体側に向けてポンピングされるため、被密封流体側の液体又はミスト状の流体が漏れ側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
さらに、定常運転等の回転側密封環の高速回転状態において、より一層、漏れ側から流体が吸い込まれ、動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環と固定側密封環との摺動面に僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面は流体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。
さらに、回転側密封環の材質を炭化ケイ素(SiC)とし、固定側密封環の材質をカーボンとする組み合わせが可能であり、万一、摺動面がドライになるような場合でも、摺動面の損傷を防止することができる。
また、一方の側の流体が他方の側へ漏洩することを防止することができる。
なお、以下の実施例においては、摺動部品の一例であるメカニカルシールを例にして説明する。また、メカニカルシールを構成する摺動部品の外周側を被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)、内周側を漏れ側(気体側)として説明するが、本発明はこれに限定されることなく、外周側が漏れ側(気体側)、内周側が被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)である場合も適用可能である。また、被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)と漏れ側(気体側)との圧力の大小関係については、例えば、被密封流体側(液体側あるいはミスト状の流体側)が高圧、漏れ側(気体側)が低圧、あるいは、その逆のいずれでもよく、また、両方の圧力が同一であってもよい。
なお、符号9はOリングを示しており、カートリッジ6と固定側密封環7との間をシールするものである。
また、本例では、スリーブ3と回転側密封環4とは別体の場合について説明しているが、これに限らず、スリーブ3と回転側密封環4とを一体に形成してもよい。
本例においては、回転側密封環4の摺動面に流体導入溝10および動圧発生溝11の加工が行われるため、回転側密封環4は炭化ケイ素(SiC)から形成され、固定側密封環7はカーボンから形成されている。
回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、該摺動面Sの被密封流体側、すなわち、外周側の周縁に連通し、漏れ側、すなわち、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝10が設けられると共に、摺動面Sの内周側の周縁に連通し、外周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられている。
本例では、流体導入溝10は、周方向に5等配に設けられているが、1以上あればよく、また、等配に限らない。
本例では、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11は、流体導入溝10に干渉しない位置において周方向に多数配設されているが、この配設形態は運転条件等を考慮して設計的に決められるものである。
なお、流体導入溝10の深さは、動圧発生溝11の深さに比較して十分に深く設定され、例えば、25μm~500μm程度に設定される。
(1) 回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、該摺動面Sの被密封流体側、すなわち、外周側の周縁に連通し、漏れ側、すなわち、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝10が設けられることにより、起動時などの回転側密封環4の低速回転状態において摺動面Sの外周側に存在する液体が積極的に摺動面Sに導入され、摺動面Sの潤滑を行うことができる。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝10から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
(2)摺動面Sの内周側の周縁に連通し、外周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側の入口11aから気体が吸い込まれ、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
(3)回転側密封環4側に流体導入溝10及び動圧発生溝11が設けられるため、回転側密封環4の材質を炭化ケイ素(SiC)とし、固定側密封環7の材質をカーボンとする組み合わせが可能であり、万一、摺動面がドライになるような場合でも、摺動面の損傷を防止することができる。
実施例2に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝10及び動圧発生溝11が固定側密封環7に設けられた点で実施例1の摺動部品と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
固定側密封環7の摺動面Sには、外周側の周縁に連通し、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝10が設けられると共に、摺動面Sの内周側の周縁に連通し、外周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられている。
また、相手側の回転側密封環5が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝10から摺動面に導入された液体は該液体の粘性を通じて、実施例1に比較してやや弱いものの、遠心力を受けて排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、動圧発生溝11が設けられることにより、定常運転等の相手側の回転側密封環5の高速回転状態において、内周側の入口11aから気体の粘性を通じて、実施例1に比較してやや弱いものの、該気体が吸い込まれ、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環5と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、実施例1に比較してやや弱いものの、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れることを防止することができる。
実施例3に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝及び動圧発生溝の形状が実施例1と異なるが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
回転側密封環4の摺動面Sには、外周側の周縁に連通し、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝12が設けられると共に、摺動面Sの内周側の周縁に連通し、外周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝13が設けられている。
さらに、流体導入溝12は略三日月状をなしているため、回転側密封環4のいずれの回転方向においても同様の作用を生ずることができる。
なお、流体導入溝12は周方向に8等配に配設されているが、これに限らず、1以上であればよい。
今、回転側密封環4が時計方向に回転するとした場合、下流側の動圧発生溝13は、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側の径方向連通部13aから気体が吸い込まれ、周方向に延びる動圧発生部13bの端部13c付近で動圧(正圧)が発生される。このため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦となる。同時に、略L字形状の動圧発生溝13により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。
さらに、動圧発生溝13は周方向において近接するように対称的に1対配設されているため、回転側密封環4のいずれの回転方向においても同様の作用を生じることができる。
本例では、略L字形状の動圧発生溝13は、流体導入溝12に干渉しない位置であって周方向に8等配に配設されているが、これに限らず、流体導入溝12に干渉しない範囲で周方向に長くして数を減らすなど、運転条件等を考慮して設計的に決めればよい。
なお、本例では略L字形状の動圧発生溝13が周方向において近接するように対称的に1対配設されているが、2つの動圧発生溝13を一体化し、略T字形としても、本例と同様の作用効果を生じることができる。
ここで、図5を参照しながら、実施例1ないし実施例3における摺動面の状態をわかりやすく説明する。
図5(a)は、流体導入溝及び動圧発生溝の設けられた摺動面における流体導入溝及び動圧発生溝の有する役割を説明する基本構成図である。
例えば、摺動面の外周側に被密封流体である液体が、また、内周側の漏れ側に気体が存在するとした場合、流体導入溝は、低速回転時には外周側の液体を摺動面に導入して摺動面を非接触状態にし、高速回転時には遠心力により摺動面の液体を吹き飛ばして液体の影響を無効にする役割を担うものである。
一方、動圧発生溝は、低速回転時には外周側から内周側への漏れを防止し、高速回転時には内周側の気体を吸い込み摺動面を非接触状態にすると共にガスシール機構の役割を担うものである。
図5(b)は、低速回転時の状況を説明する図であり、流体導入溝により、外周側の液体が摺動面に導入されて流体潤滑作用により摺動面が非接触状態に保持される一方、内周側においては発生される動圧が小さいため気体は十分に取り込まれない状況にあるが、内周側への漏れは阻止される。
図5(c)は、高速回転時の状況を説明する図でありもので、摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力で外周側に吹き飛ばされるため、摺動面の液体による流体潤滑作用が無効とされる一方、内周側においては発生される動圧が大きいため気体は十分に取り込まれ、摺動面は非接触状態に維持されると共に摺動面の圧力が高められるため外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れることはない。いわゆる、ガスシールの状態にある。
実施例4に係る摺動部品は、正圧発生機構が付加的に設けられる点で実施例1と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
実施例5に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝の形状が異なる点及び正圧発生機構が付加的に設けられる点で実施例1と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
正圧発生溝15aは、上流側が流体導入溝10に連通し、外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されている。
本例では、正圧発生機構15は、上流側において流体導入溝10に連通する正圧発生溝15a及びレイリーステップ15bを備えたレイリーステップ機構から構成されるが、これに限定されることなく、要は、正圧を発生する機構であればよい。
図7において、流体導入溝10及び正圧発生機構15のなす平面形状は略逆L字状をなしている。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝10から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、動圧発生溝11の内周側の入口11aから気体が吸い込まれ、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
実施例6に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝の形状が異なる点及び正圧発生機構が付加的に設けられる点で実施例1と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
本例では、流体導入部16a及び流体導出部16bは、それぞれ、摺動面の内側から外側に向けて放射状に形成され、略V字形に形成されているが、特にこれに限定されるものではなく、流体導入部16a及び流体導出部16bの傾きをさらに大きくしてもよく、また、直線状ではなく曲線状(円弧状など)にしてもよい。
正圧発生溝15aは、上流側が流体導入部16aに連通し、流体導出部16b及び外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されている。
本例では、正圧発生機構15は、上流側において流体導入溝15の流体導入部16aに連通する正圧発生溝15a及びレイリーステップ15bを備えたレイリーステップ機構から構成されるが、これに限定されることなく、要は、正圧を発生する機構であればよい。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝16から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、動圧発生溝11の内周側の入口11aから気体が吸い込まれ、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
実施例7に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝の形状が異なる点及び正圧発生機構が付加的に設けられる点で実施例1と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
本例では、流体導入部16a及び流体導出部16bは周方向において一定距離隔てて設けられ、それぞれ、径方向に直線状に延びているため、流体導入溝16の平面形状は略U字形をなしている。
正圧発生溝15aは、上流側が流体導入部16aに連通し、流体導出部16b及び外周側とはランド部Rにより隔離されている。
本例では、正圧発生機構15は、上流側において流体導入溝15の流体導入部16aに連通する正圧発生溝15a及びレイリーステップ15bを備えたレイリーステップ機構から構成されるが、これに限定されることなく、要は、正圧を発生する機構であればよい。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝16から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、動圧発生溝11の内周側の入口11aから気体が吸い込まれ、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)が発生されるため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。同時に、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により内周側の気体が外周側に向けてポンピングされるため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏れるのを防止することができる。
実施例8に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝及び動圧発生溝が回転側密封環及び固定側密封環に分かれて設けられている点で図6の実施例4と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例4と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
また、(b)に示すように、固定側密封環7の摺動面Sには、該摺動面Sの被密封流体側、すなわち、外周側の周縁に連通し、漏れ側、すなわち、内周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝16が設けられている。さらに、流体導入溝16と外周側とで囲まれる部分に流体導入溝16より浅い正圧発生溝15aを備える正圧発生機構15が設けられている。
なお、動圧発生溝11と流体導入溝16とは重複しない位置に配設されるのが好ましい。
実施例9に係る摺動部品は、流体導入溝と動圧発生溝との径方向の間にガス抜き溝が設けられる点、及び、流体導入溝がスパイラル形状である点で実施例1と相違するが、その他の基本構成は実施例1と同じであり、同じ部材には同じ符号を付し、重複する説明は省略する。
また、流体導入溝17と動圧発生溝11との径方向の間にガス抜き溝18が設けられている。
また、本例では、半径方向溝部18bは、周方向に6等配に配設されているが、これに限らず、1以上有ればよい。
また、回転側密封環4が定常運転等の高速回転時において流体導入溝17から摺動面に導入された液体は遠心力により排出されるため、漏れ側である内周側に液体が漏洩することはない。
さらに、摺動面Sの内周側の周縁に連通し、外周側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝11が設けられることにより、定常運転等の回転側密封環4の高速回転状態において、内周側の入口11aから気体を吸い込み、外周側の端部11b付近で動圧(正圧)を発生するため、回転側密封環4と固定側密封環7との摺動面Sに僅かな間隙が形成され、摺動面Sは気体潤滑の状態となり非常に低摩擦とすることができる。
その際、スパイラル形状の動圧発生溝11により吸い込まれた気体(気泡)が液体潤滑部に入り込むと液体での動圧発生が不安定となるが、ガス抜き溝18が設けられているため、吸い込まれた気体(気泡)は液体潤滑部に入り込むことなく外周側に排出され、液体潤滑部における液体での動圧発生を安定したものとすることができる。
また、ガス抜き溝18が設けられているため、外周側の液体が内周側へ漏洩することが防止される。
2 回転軸
3 スリーブ
4 回転側密封環
5 ハウジング
6 カートリッジ
7 回転側密封環
8 コイルドウェーブスプリング
10 流体導入溝
10a 開口部
11 動圧発生溝
11a 内周側の入口
11b 外周側の端部
12 流体導入溝
12a 開口部
12b 反対側
13、13’ 動圧発生溝
13a 径方向連通部
13b 動圧発生部
13c 端部
15 正圧発生機構
15a 正圧発生溝
15b レイリーステップ
16 流体導入溝
16a 流体導入部
16b 流体導出部
16c 流体連通部
17 流体導入溝
17a 開口部
17b 端部
18 ガス抜き溝
18a 周方向溝部
18b 半径方向溝部
S 摺動面
R ランド部
Claims (12)
- 互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動部品を備え、一方の摺動部品は固定側密封環であり、他方の摺動部品は回転側密封環であり、これらの密封環は半径方向に形成された摺動面を有し、被密封流体が漏洩するのをシールするものであって、前記摺動面の少なくとも一方に、前記摺動面の一方の周縁に連通し、他方の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられると共に、前記摺動面の前記他方の周縁に連通し、前記一方の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 互いに相対摺動する一対の摺動部品を備え、一方の摺動部品は固定側密封環であり、他方の摺動部品は回転側密封環であり、これらの密封環は半径方向に形成された摺動面を有し、被密封流体である液体又はミスト状の流体が漏洩するのをシールするものであって、前記摺動面の少なくとも一方に、前記摺動面の被密封流体側の周縁に連通し、漏れ側の周縁には連通しないように構成された流体導入溝が設けられると共に、前記摺動面の漏れ側の周縁に連通し、前記被密封流体側の周縁には連通しないように構成された動圧発生溝が設けられることを特徴とする摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝及び前記動圧発生溝は、前記回転側密封環の摺動面のみに設けられることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝及び前記動圧発生溝は、前記固定側密封環の摺動面のみに設けられることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝は、前記回転側密封環又は前記固定側密封環のいずれか一方の摺動面に、また、前記動圧発生溝は、前記回転側密封環又は前記固定側密封環のいずれか他方の摺動面に設けられることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記摺動面の径方向の一方の側に前記流体導入溝を、他方の側に前記動圧発生溝を配設し、前記流体導入溝と前記動圧発生溝との間にガス抜き溝が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝は、前記摺動面の一方の周縁に沿うように設けられ、前記摺動面の一方の周縁にのみ開口する開口部を有し、前記開口部がもっとも大きく、先細形状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝は、前記摺動面の一方の周縁に沿うように設けられ、前記摺動面の一方の周縁にのみ開口する開口部を有し、前記開口部と反対側は径方向において円弧状に切り込まれた形状に形成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記流体導入溝は、前記摺動面の一方の周縁に沿うように設けられ、前記摺動面の一方の周縁にのみ連通する流体導入部及び流体導出部、並びにこれらを周方向に連通する流体連通部から構成されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 上流側が前記流体導入溝に連通された正圧発生溝を備える正圧発生機構が設けられることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記動圧発生溝は、前記摺動面の他方の周縁にのみ連通するスパイラル形状をなしていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
- 前記動圧発生溝は、前記摺動面の他方の周縁にのみ連通する略L字形状の溝が対称的に1対配設されて構成されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし10のいずれか1項に記載の摺動部品。
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3284981B1 (en) | 2020-11-04 |
EP3284981A1 (en) | 2018-02-21 |
JPWO2016167262A1 (ja) | 2018-02-08 |
CN107407424B (zh) | 2019-11-22 |
BR112017022194A2 (ja) | 2018-07-03 |
EP3284981A4 (en) | 2019-03-20 |
KR20170137727A (ko) | 2017-12-13 |
US20180073394A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
CN107407424A (zh) | 2017-11-28 |
KR102049256B1 (ko) | 2019-11-28 |
US10704417B2 (en) | 2020-07-07 |
JP6444492B2 (ja) | 2018-12-26 |
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