WO2016159023A1 - コーティング剤、皮膜、積層体、表面保護物品 - Google Patents
コーティング剤、皮膜、積層体、表面保護物品 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2016159023A1 WO2016159023A1 PCT/JP2016/060270 JP2016060270W WO2016159023A1 WO 2016159023 A1 WO2016159023 A1 WO 2016159023A1 JP 2016060270 W JP2016060270 W JP 2016060270W WO 2016159023 A1 WO2016159023 A1 WO 2016159023A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- meth
- coating agent
- acrylate
- laminate
- urethane
- Prior art date
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- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 140
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- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/14—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups
- C08G77/18—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to oxygen-containing groups to alkoxy or aryloxy groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G77/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a linkage containing silicon with or without sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen or carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G77/04—Polysiloxanes
- C08G77/20—Polysiloxanes containing silicon bound to unsaturated aliphatic groups
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/54—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K5/541—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen
- C08K5/5415—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond
- C08K5/5419—Silicon-containing compounds containing oxygen containing at least one Si—O bond containing at least one Si—C bond
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C08L33/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, which oxygen atoms are present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C08L33/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of methacrylic acid esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C08L75/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
- C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D175/16—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds having terminal carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D4/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, based on organic non-macromolecular compounds having at least one polymerisable carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bond ; Coating compositions, based on monomers of macromolecular compounds of groups C09D183/00 - C09D183/16
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
- C09D7/40—Additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F2500/00—Characteristics or properties of obtained polyolefins; Use thereof
- C08F2500/01—High molecular weight, e.g. >800,000 Da.
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a coating agent.
- the present invention relates to a coating agent that can be applied to a substrate and cured to form a laminate excellent in self-restoring property and antifouling property.
- Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) having high impact strength has been conventionally used as a base material for protective films and the like. Particularly in Europe and the United States, a film that protects the body of a car from hopping and scratches under the name of paint protection film (PPF) is widely used. For example, there is Scotchgard Paint Protection Film from 3M.
- Patent Document 1 discloses a multilayer film used for protecting a surface, particularly a surface (for example, a coating surface) of a vehicle (for example, an automobile, an aircraft, a ship, etc.).
- a film as used to protect and more specifically a multilayer protective film (paragraph 0001) that is backed with a pressure sensitive adhesive and has a polyurethane layer on top of a thermoplastic polyurethane layer.
- a multilayer protective film paragraph 0001
- the painted surface of the vehicle body portion of the vehicle is protected by the multilayer protective film.
- These protective films are typically intended to protect the article surface from external elements and prevent the article from being scratched.
- the protective film in addition to protecting articles, even if the protective film is scratched, it has a self-repairing property that eliminates scratches on the protective film itself, and an antifouling property that prevents the adhesion of dirt. There is a need for films.
- this invention makes it a subject to provide the coating agent which can form the laminated body excellent in self-restoration property and antifouling property by apply
- a base material for example, thermoplastic polyurethane
- the present inventors have intensively studied to solve the above problems.
- the surface layer formed from the coating agent containing the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) and the fluorine compound (b) having a polymerizable functional group is composed of a urethane (meth) acrylate resin and a fluorine compound.
- the coating agent according to the first aspect of the present invention includes a urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a), a fluorine compound (b), and a photopolymerization initiator (d), and a urethane (meth) acrylate system.
- the resin (a) has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 800,000, and the fluorine-based compound (b) has at least two polymerizable functional groups. If comprised in this way, it will become a coating agent which can form the surface layer excellent in the self-repair property of a crack, antifouling property, and extensibility.
- the fluorine-based compound (b) when a coating agent is applied to a substrate film or the like to form a coating film (before curing), the fluorine-based compound (b) accumulates on the surface of the layer (see fc in FIG. 1). Further, when the coating film is cured, the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) and the fluorine compound (b) having a polymerizable functional group are cross-linked with each other.
- the formed surface layer is fixed by cross-linking, and it is possible to suppress the infiltration of dirt, and is excellent in antifouling property, prevents bleeding out and increases the antifouling durability, and further, urethane (meth) acrylate type Due to the flexibility of the resin (a), it is excellent in scratch self-repairability and extensibility.
- the coating agent according to the second aspect of the present invention is the coating agent according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the fluorine-based compound (b) is a perfluoropolyether having a (meth) acryloyl group.
- the “(meth) acryloyl group” refers to an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. If comprised in this way, the bridge
- the coating agent according to the third aspect of the present invention is the coating agent according to the first aspect or the second aspect of the present invention, wherein the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) and the fluorine compound (b) ) To 1 to 9% by weight of the fluorine compound (b). If comprised in this way, it will contain (meth) acrylate type resin (a) and a fluorine-type compound (b) in a suitable ratio, and will form the surface layer which was excellent in especially self-restoration property, antifouling property, and extensibility It becomes a possible coating agent.
- the coating agent according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the coating agent according to any one of the first to third aspects of the present invention, further comprising a fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c).
- the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) has at least one polymerizable functional group. If comprised in this way, it becomes a coating agent which can improve antifouling property and can form the surface layer which has the outstanding slipperiness.
- the coating agent according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the coating agent according to the fourth aspect of the present invention, wherein the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) is a fluorosilsesquioxane having a cage structure.
- the cage-type fluorosilsesquioxane has a property of being easily accumulated at the interface with air, and the speed at which it gathers at the interface with air when a coating agent is applied to a substrate film or the like. Can be increased.
- the coating agent according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the coating agent according to the fourth aspect or the fifth aspect of the present invention, wherein the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a), the fluorine compound (b) ) And 0.1-10 wt% of the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) with respect to the total amount of the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c).
- (meth) acrylate type resin (a), a fluorine-type compound (b), and a fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) are contained in a suitable ratio, self-repairing property, antifouling property, elongation It becomes a coating agent capable of forming a surface layer having particularly excellent properties and slipperiness.
- the film according to the seventh aspect of the present invention is a film obtained by curing the coating agent according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention. If comprised in this way, the obtained cured film turns into a film provided with the self-repairing property, antifouling property, extensibility, and slipperiness which a surface layer has.
- the laminate according to the eighth aspect of the present invention has a base film 11 formed of thermoplastic polyurethane, and a first surface side of the base film 11. And a surface layer 12 formed by curing the coating agent according to any one of the first to sixth aspects of the present invention.
- “on the side of the surface” means that the layers may be laminated in contact with each other, or may be laminated via other layers. If comprised in this way, a laminated body will become a laminated body provided with the softness
- the laminate according to the ninth aspect of the present invention is the opposite to the first surface side of the base film 11 as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, for example, in the laminate according to the eighth aspect of the present invention.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 13 is provided on the side, and the release film 14 is provided on the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 13 opposite to the base film 11, and the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is at least selected from acrylic, urethane, rubber, and silicone It is composed of one resin, and at least one release agent selected from a fluorine-based resin, a silicone resin, and a long chain-containing carbamate is applied to the surface of the release film with respect to the adhesive layer. If comprised in this way, it will become easy to peel a peeling film from an adhesion layer.
- the surface protection article according to the tenth aspect of the present invention includes a laminate according to the eighth aspect or the ninth aspect of the present invention, from which the release film is peeled off, and a laminate from which the release film is peeled off. And an article attached to the surface by the adhesive layer. If comprised in this way, the surface can be protected from a crack etc. with the thermoplastic polyurethane which has high impact strength. In addition, even when a scratch is generated by the surface layer which is the outermost surface, it can be self-repaired, and the outermost surface is excellent in antifouling property, stretchability and slipperiness.
- the coating agent of the present invention it is possible to form a surface layer excellent in self-repairing property that eliminates scratches when the substrate film is scratched, and antifouling properties that prevent adhesion of dirt.
- the base film is formed of thermoplastic polyurethane, in addition to the flexibility of thermoplastic polyurethane, it is possible to form a laminate that is excellent in self-healing properties and antifouling properties. The surface of the article as a body can be protected.
- the coating agent according to the first embodiment of the present application includes a urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a), a fluorine compound (b), and a photopolymerization initiator (d), and urethane (meth) acrylate.
- the resin (a) has a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 10,000 to 800,000, and the fluorine compound (b) has at least two polymerizable functional groups.
- Mw weight average molecular weight
- the coating agent may further contain a fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c).
- the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) has at least one polymerizable functional group. With the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c), the antifouling property of the surface layer can be improved and excellent slipperiness can be imparted.
- the coating agent may further contain a solvent (e) and an additive (f).
- the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) is an active energy ray curable resin having a (meth) acryloyl group and having a urethane skeleton, and examples thereof include an ultraviolet curable resin.
- the urethane (meth) acrylate-based resin (a) imparts flexibility (flexibility) to the surface layer.
- the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) is composed of an organic isocyanate compound (polyisocyanate) having a plurality of isocyanate groups in one molecule and a polyol compound (polyhydroxy compound or polyhydric alcohols having two or more hydroxyl groups). ) And then a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate compound, and a radical polymerizable unsaturated group-containing oligomer, prepolymer, or polymer that can be obtained.
- polycarbonate urethane (meth) acrylate using polycarbonate polyol as a polyhydroxy compound is preferable.
- the formed surface layer can provide excellent stretchability and toughness.
- a polyester urethane (meth) acrylate using a polyester polyol as a polyhydroxy compound is also preferable.
- the polyester urethane (meth) acrylate the formed surface layer can provide excellent stretchability and toughness.
- polyisocyanate examples include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate and its isomers, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate, naphthalene diisocyanate, Phenylmethane triisocyanate, Vernock D-750 (trade name: manufactured by DIC Corporation), Crisbon NK (trade name: manufactured by DIC Corporation), Death Module L (trade name: manufactured by Sumitomo Bayer Urethane Co., Ltd.), coronate L (trade name: manufactured by Nippon Polyurethane Industry Co., Ltd.), Takenate D102 (trade name: manufactured by Mitsui Takeda Chemical Co., Ltd.), isonate 143L (trade name: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), etc.
- polyhydroxy compound examples include polycarbonate polyol, polyester polyol, polyether polyol, polycaprolactone polyol, and the like.
- polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 1,3- Butanediol, adduct of bisphenol A and propylene oxide or ethylene oxide, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroxybutane, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, 1,2-cyclohexane glycol, 1,3-cyclohexane glycol, 1,4 -Cyclohexane glycol, para-xylene glycol, bicyclohexyl-4,4-diol, 2,6-decalin glycol, 2,7-decalin glycol and the like.
- the hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate compound is not particularly limited, but is preferably a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester, specifically, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy Hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, di (meth) acrylate of tris (hydroxyethyl) isocyanuric acid, pentaerythritol tri ( And (meth) acrylate.
- a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylic acid ester specifically, for example, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxy Hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-hydroxybutyl (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polypropylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate,
- Urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) can be synthesized by a known method.
- a predetermined amount of the organic polyisocyanate (a-1) and the polycarbonate polyol (a-2) are reacted under a condition of 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. until the residual isocyanate concentration reaches a predetermined amount, and then a predetermined amount of (Meth) acrylate (a-3) containing one or more hydroxyl groups in the molecule is added, and the residual isocyanate concentration is 0 at 70 ° C. to 80 ° C. in the presence of a polymerization inhibitor (eg, hydroquinone monomethyl ether). It can be obtained by reacting until it is 1 wt% or less.
- a polymerization inhibitor eg, hydroquinone monomethyl ether
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) is in the range of 10,000 to 800,000, preferably 50,000 to 500,000. By setting it as this range, a softness
- the fluorine-based compound (b) may be any of a monomer, an oligomer, a prepolymer, and a polymer as long as it has at least two polymerizable functional groups.
- examples of the fluorine compound (b) include perfluoropolyether having a (meth) acryloyl group.
- the fluorine compound (b) does not include the following fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c).
- perfluoropolyether examples include those having a structure in which a divalent fluorocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms and oxygen atoms are alternately connected.
- the divalent fluorocarbon group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms may be one type or a combination of two or more types.
- Specific examples of the perfluoropolyether chain include those represented by the following formula (1).
- X represents the following formulas (1-1) to (1-5).
- X may be one of the following formulas (1-1) to (1-5), or two or more of the following formulas (1-1) to (1-5) You may have.
- a structure having two or more of the following formulas (1-1) to (1-5) as X is represented by — (CF 2 CF 2 —O) n — (CF 2 —O) n —.
- Such a structure is mentioned.
- X contains two or more types of structures represented by formulas (1-1) to (1-5), it has a random structure or a block structure composed of structural units of — (X—O) —. Also good.
- N is an integer of 2 to 200 representing a repeating unit.
- the fluorine-based compound (b) preferably has a polymerizable functional group at least at both ends.
- the polymerizable functional group is not particularly limited as long as it is a radically polymerizable group.
- (meth) acryl is a general term for acrylic and methacrylic and means acrylic and / or methacrylic.
- the fluorine-based compound (b) can be synthesized by a known method.
- the content of the fluorine compound (b) is preferably 1 to 9% by weight, more preferably, based on the total amount of the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a) and the fluorine compound (b). 1-7% by weight.
- it is 1 part by weight or more, it is possible to sufficiently impart antifouling properties to the surface layer, and when it is 9% by weight or less, it is possible to avoid deterioration of the flexibility of the surface layer and poor self-repairability.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) may be any of a monomer, an oligomer, a prepolymer, and a polymer as long as it has at least one polymerizable functional group.
- Fluorosilsesquioxane monomer Silsesquioxane is a general term for polysiloxanes represented by [(R—SiO 1.5 ) n] (R is an optional substituent).
- the structure of the silsesquioxane is generally classified into a random structure, a ladder structure, and a cage structure according to the Si—O—Si skeleton. Furthermore, the cage structure is classified into T8, T10, T12 type, etc.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane is not particularly limited as long as it has a property of being easily accumulated at the interface between air and solid (or liquid) in a hydrophobic atmosphere (for example, in air). If the fluorosilsesquioxane is accumulated at the interface, the effect of the present invention can be sufficiently exhibited. Due to the excellent surface accumulation characteristics of fluorosilsesquioxane, surface modification of the surface layer 12 can be carried out effectively in a small amount.
- fluorosilsesquioxane includes fluorosilsesquioxane having a molecular structure represented by the following formula (2).
- a cage structure is particularly preferable.
- the speed of accumulation at the interface can be increased compared to other structures.
- it is preferably any one of T8 type, T10 type, and T12 type.
- the substituent (R) in the above formula [(R—SiO 1.5 ) n] is preferably a fluoroalkyl group (R f ).
- R f preferably has 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
- R f may be a linear group or a branched group.
- fluorosilsesquioxane having “3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl” in one Si is exemplified, but it is not limited to this polymerizable functional group.
- Z represents hydrogen, hydroxyl group, alkenyl, or halogen (chlorine, bromine, iodine), alkoxy, phenoxy, polyalkyleneoxy, —COOH, 2-oxapropane-1,3-dieoyl, alkoxycarbonyl, alkenyl.
- Z may be the above group (hydrogen to -PH 2 ) via alkylene.
- the alkylene bonded to Si is not particularly limited, but alkylene having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferable, and propylene having 3 carbon atoms is particularly preferable.
- the selected range does not include a group having alkanoyloxy, a group having halogenated sulfonyl, or a group having an ⁇ -haloester group.
- fluorosilsesquioxane having at least two polymerizable functional groups bonded to Si is particularly preferred.
- fluorosilsesquioxane having “3- (methacryloyloxy) propyl” in one Si is exemplified, but this “3- (methacryloyl) is exemplified in one or more other Si. More preferred is fluorosilsesquioxane having “oxy) propyl”.
- the polymerizable functional group is preferably a radical polymerizable functional group.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane oligomer, prepolymer, and polymer are collectively referred to as a fluorosilsesquioxane polymer.
- the functional group is a polymerizable group
- the fluorosilsesquioxane polymer can be a single polymer of fluorosilsesquioxane or other common monomers (for example, addition It can also be a copolymer with a polymerizable monomer).
- a copolymer of fluorosilsesquioxanes having different polymerizable groups may be used.
- any of known methods can be employed as the polymerization method.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane used in the coating agent of the present application may be a fluorosilsesquioxane polymer.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane polymer after polymerization has at least one polymerizable functional group.
- the polymerizable functional group is preferably a radical polymerizable functional group.
- the fluorosilsesquioxane of the above formula (2) may have an addition polymerizable functional group as Z.
- Z may have an addition polymerizable functional group through alkylene.
- the addition polymerizable functional group include a group having a terminal olefin type or an internal olefin type radical polymerizable functional group; a group having a cationic polymerizable functional group such as vinyl ether or propenyl ether; and vinyl carboxyl, cyanoacryloyl, etc.
- a radical polymerizable functional group is mentioned.
- the radical polymerizable functional group is not particularly limited as long as it is a radical polymerizable group.
- methacryloyl, acryloyl, allyl, styryl, ⁇ -methylstyryl, vinyl, vinyl ether, vinyl ester, acrylamide, methacrylamide, N— Vinylamide, maleic acid ester, fumaric acid ester, N-substituted maleimide and the like are included, and among them, a group containing (meth) acryl or styryl is preferable.
- (meth) acryl is a general term for acrylic and methacrylic and means acrylic and / or methacrylic.
- Examples of the radical polymerizable functional group having the (meth) acryl include a group represented by the following formula (3).
- Y 1 represents alkylene having 2 to 10 carbons, preferably alkylene having 2 to 6 carbons, and more preferably propylene.
- X represents hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, preferably hydrogen or methyl.
- Y 2 represents a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably a single bond or alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a single bond or ethylene. Vinyl is bonded to any carbon of the benzene ring, and preferably bonded to carbon in the para position with respect to Y 2 .
- Addition polymerizable monomers include those having a crosslinkable functional group and those having no crosslinkable functional group.
- the addition polymerizable monomer having a crosslinkable functional group may be a compound having one or two or more addition polymerizable double bonds, for example, any of a vinyl compound, a vinylidene compound, and a vinylene compound. More specifically, a (meth) acrylic acid compound or a styrene compound is specifically exemplified.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid compound include (meth) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ester, (meth) acrylic acid amide, (meth) acrylonitrile and the like.
- Examples of the (meth) acrylic acid compound as the addition polymerizable monomer include (meth) acrylate having a crosslinkable functional group.
- crosslinkable functional groups include epoxies such as glycidyl and epoxycyclohexyl, oxetanyl, isocyanato, acid anhydride, carboxyl, hydroxyl, etc., preferably epoxies such as glycidyl and oxetanyl.
- the (meth) acrylate having a crosslinkable functional group include hydroxyalkyl (meth) acrylates such as (meth) acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate; Epoxy-containing (meth) acrylates such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate; Cycloaliphatic epoxy-containing (meth) acrylates such as 3,4-epoxycyclohexylmethyl (meth) acrylate; 3-ethyl-3- (meth) acryloyloxymethyloxetane Oxetanyl-containing (meth) acrylate such as: 2- (meth) acryloyloxyethyl isocyanate; ⁇ - (methacryloyloxypropyl) trimethoxysilane; (meth) acrylate-2-aminoethyl, 2- (2-bromopropionyloxy Ethyl (meth) acrylate
- styrene compound having one addition polymerizable double bond examples include a styrene compound having a crosslinkable functional group.
- crosslinkable functional groups include epoxies such as glycidyl, oxetanyl, halo, amino, isocyanato, acid anhydride, carboxyl, hydroxyl, thiol, siloxy and the like.
- styrene compounds having a crosslinkable functional group examples include o-aminostyrene, p-styrene chlorosulfonic acid, styrene sulfonic acid and salts thereof, vinylphenylmethyldithiocarbamate, 2- (2-bromopropionyloxy) styrene, 2 -(2-bromoisobutyryloxy) styrene, 1- (2-((4-vinylphenyl) methoxy) -1-phenylethoxy) -2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine, and the following formula Are included.
- addition polymerizable monomers in addition to the above addition polymerizable monomers, if necessary, in order to control the compatibility with the curable resin, leveling properties, the amount of crosslinkable functional groups in the copolymer, etc.
- addition polymerizable monomers can also be used in combination.
- addition polymerizable monomer having no crosslinkable functional group examples include a (meth) acrylic acid compound having one addition polymerizable double bond, no crosslinkable functional group, and one addition polymerizable monomer.
- examples thereof include styrene compounds having a heavy bond and having no crosslinkable functional group.
- Specific examples of such (meth) acrylic acid compounds include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, butyl (meth) acrylate, and isobutyl (meth) acrylate.
- (meth) acrylic acid compound having one addition polymerizable double bond and no crosslinkable functional group include trifluoromethylmethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-trifluoromethyl.
- fluoroalkyl (meth) acrylates such as chill (meth)
- examples of the (meth) acrylic acid compound having one addition polymerizable double bond and having no crosslinkable functional group include a (meth) acrylic acid compound having a silsesquioxane skeleton.
- Specific examples of the (meth) acrylic acid compound having such a silsesquioxane skeleton include 3- (3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaethylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1 3 , 9 .1 5,15 .1 7,13 ] octasiloxane- 1-yl) propyl (meth) acrylate, 3- (3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaisobutyl-pentacyclo [9.
- Examples of the styrene compound having one addition polymerizable double bond and having no crosslinkable functional group further include a styrene compound containing silsesquioxane.
- Examples of styrene derivatives containing such silsesquioxanes include 1- (4-vinylphenyl) -3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaethylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1 3, 9 . 1 5,15 . 1 7,13] octasiloxane, 1- (4-vinylphenyl) -3,5,7,9,11,13,15- hept isobutyl penta cyclo [9.5.1.1 3, 9. 1 5,15 .
- Octasiloxane having a 4-vinylphenyl group such as 1 7,13 ] octasiloxane; and 3- (3,5,7,9,11,13,15-heptaethylpenta Cyclo [9.5.1.1 3,9 .1 5,15 .1 7,13 ] octasiloxane-1-yl) ethylstyrene, 3- (3,5,7,9,11,13,15- Heptaisobutylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1 3,9 .1 5,15 .1 7,13 ] octasiloxane-1-yl) ethylstyrene, 3- (3,5,7,9,11,13 , 15-Heptaisooctylpentacyclo [9.5.1.1 3,9 .1 5,15 .1 7,13 ] octasiloxane-1-yl) ethylstyrene, 3- (3
- an addition polymerizable monomer other than the addition polymerizable monomer it has a main chain derived from styrene, (meth) acrylic acid ester, siloxane, and alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide. Also exemplified are macromonomers having one polymerizable double bond.
- addition polymerizable monomers also include compounds having two addition polymerizable double bonds.
- Examples of the addition polymerizable monomer also include compounds having three or more addition polymerizable double bonds.
- macromonomers having a main chain derived from styrene, (meth) acrylic acid ester, siloxane, and alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide and propylene oxide, and having three or more polymerizable double bonds. Is done.
- the addition polymerizable monomer is preferably a (meth) acrylic acid compound, more preferably a (meth) acrylic acid ester, and still more preferably a lower alkyl (for example, having 1 to 3 carbon atoms) of (meth) acrylic acid. ) Esters and esters having a crosslinkable functional group.
- the polymer is an addition polymer of fluorosilsesquioxane or an addition copolymer with another addition polymerizable monomer, and in the case of a copolymer, an ordered copolymer such as block copolymerization is used. Although it may be a polymer or a random copolymer, it is preferably a random copolymer.
- the polymer may have a cross-linked structure or a graft copolymer.
- the content of the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) is 0. 0 relative to the total amount of the urethane (meth) acrylate resin (a), the fluorine compound (b), and the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c).
- the content is preferably 1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 5% by weight. When it is 0.1% by weight or more, the antifouling property of the surface layer can be improved and slipperiness can be imparted, and when it is 10% by weight or less, the flexibility of the surface layer is lowered and the self-healing property is inferior. Can be avoided.
- the photopolymerization initiator is not particularly limited. Any initiator that generates radicals with active energy rays may be used.
- an alkylphenone photopolymerization initiator can be used.
- the compound used as the active energy ray polymerization initiator include 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, benzophenone, Michler's ketone, 4,4'-bis (diethylamino) benzophenone, xanthone, thioxanthone, isopropyl xanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, 2 -Ethyl anthraquinone, acetophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methylpropiophenone, 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-4'-isopropylpropiophenone, isopropyl benzoin ether, isobutyl benzoin ether, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, 2, , 2-dimethoxy
- the content of the radical polymerization initiator is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by weight with respect to the total amount (100 parts by weight) of the radical polymerizable resin. More preferably, it is 1 to 10 parts by weight.
- solvent (e) The components (a), (b), (c), and (d) contained in the coating agent of the present application may be dissolved in a solvent such as an organic solvent.
- the solvent is not particularly limited. Common organic solvents can be used. Specific examples of solvents include hydrocarbon solvents (benzene, toluene, etc.), ether solvents (diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran, diphenyl ether, anisole, dimethoxybenzene, etc.), halogenated hydrocarbon solvents (methylene chloride, chloroform, chlorobenzene, etc.) ), Ketone solvents (acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, etc.), alcohol solvents (methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, etc.), nitrile solvents (acetonitrile, propionitrile, benzonitrile) Etc.),
- the content of the solvent is 20 to 500 parts by weight with respect to the total amount (100 parts by weight) of the resin composition forming the cured film.
- the amount is preferably 50 to 400 parts by weight.
- additives may be added to the coating agent.
- a filler may be added to impart film hardness and scratch resistance.
- a leveling agent may be added.
- additives such as weathering agents and antifoaming agents may be added.
- an active energy ray sensitizer a polymerization inhibitor, a polymerization initiation assistant, a leveling agent, a wettability improver, Surfactants, plasticizers, UV absorbers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, antistatic agents, silane coupling agents, inorganic fillers such as silica and alumina, and organic fillers can be used as coating agents. You may make it contain.
- leveling agents include commercially available acrylic surface conditioners BYK-350, BYK-352, BYK-354, BYK-356, BYK-381, BYK-392, BYK-394, BYK-3441, BYK-3440, BYK-3550 (both trade names: manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.) can be mentioned.
- silicone-based surface conditioner examples include BYK-UV3500, BYK-UV-3570 (both trade names: manufactured by Big Chemie Japan Co., Ltd.), TEGO Rad2100, 2200N, 2250, 2500, 2600, 2700 (both products) Name: Evonik Degussa Japan Co., Ltd.), X-22-2445, X-22-2455, X-22-2457, X-22-2458, X-22-2459, X-22-1602, X-22 -1603, X-22-1615, X-22-1616, X-22-1618, X-22-1619, X-22-2404, X-22-2474, X-22-174DX, X-22-8201 , X-22-2426, X-22-164A, X-22-164C (all trade names: manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), etc. Can be mentioned.
- weathering agents include benzotriazoles, hydroxyphenyltriazines, benzophenones, salicylates, cyanoacrylates, triazines, or dibenzoylresorcinol ultraviolet absorbers.
- benzotriazoles include TINUVIN PS, TINUVIN 99-2, TINUVIN 326, TINUVIN 384-2, TINUVIN 900, TINUVIN 928, TINUVIN 1130, TINUVIN Carboprotect, TINUVIN 4T, and TINUVIN 4 TINUV 40, TINUVIN 40, manufactured by BASF, and TINUVIN 4 TINUV4, TINUVIN 4T TINUVIN 479, examples of benzophenones, ADEKA 1413, Sumikab 130 manufactured by Sumika Chemtex, examples of salicylates, phenyl salicylate, p-tert-butylphenyl salicylate, p-octylphenyl salicylate, examples of cyanoacryl
- UV absorbers may be used alone, or a plurality of ultraviolet absorbers may be used in combination. It is preferable to appropriately select the type and combination of ultraviolet absorbers based on the wavelength of ultraviolet rays to be absorbed.
- the light stabilizer include TINUVIN (registered trademark) 5100 (neutral type general-purpose HALS) and TINUVIN 292 (compound name: bis (1,2,2,6,6-pentamethyl-4-) manufactured by BASF Corporation.
- TINUVIN 152 compound name: 2,4-bis [N-butyl-N- (1-cyclohexyloxy-2, 2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl) amino] -6- (2-hydroxyethylamine) -1,3,5-triazine
- TINUVIN 144 compound name: bis (1,2,2,6, 6-Pentamethyl-4-piperidinyl)-[[3,5-bis (1,1-dimethylethyl) -4-hydroxyphenyl] methyl] Tilmalonate
- TINUVIN 123 compound name: decanedioic acid, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1- (octyloxy) -4piperidinyl) ester reaction product (1,1-dimethylethyl hydroperoxide) TINUVIN111FDL (about
- ADK STAB LA series etc. specifically, LA-52 ((5) -6116), LA-57 ((5) -5555), LA-62 ((5) -5711), LA-67 ((5) -5755), LA-82 ((5) -6023), LA-87 ((5) -6022).
- the numbers in parentheses are existing chemical substance numbers.
- commercially available products are MEK-ST-40, MEK-ST-L, MEK-ST-ZL, PGM-AC-2140Y, PGM-AC-4130Y, AS-200, AS-520 manufactured by Nissan Chemical Industries, Ltd.
- Examples include Anatase TiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , ZnO, ZrO 2 , cobalt blue, zirconium oxide made by Gokoku Dye, barium titanate, titanium oxide, silica, alumina, and MUA filler.
- Examples of the organic filler include Sekisui Plastics Industrial-made Techpolymer MBX series, SBX series, Negami Kogyo Art Pearl cross-linked acrylic beads, Art Pearl cross-linked urethane beads, and Aika Kogyo Ganz Pearl. These fillers may be used alone, or a plurality of fillers may be used in combination.
- thermoplastic resin and rubber can be mentioned.
- thermoplastic resin or rubber the original properties (mechanical properties, surface / interface properties, compatibility, etc.) of the resin can be modified.
- thermoplastic resin examples include the following. Polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene resin, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene resin, poly (meth) acrylate resin, ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene, poly-4-methylpentene, syndiotactic polystyrene, Polyacetal, polycarbonate, polyphenylene oxide, polyphenylene sulfide, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyetheretherketone, polyarylate (U polymer: trade name of Unitika, Vectra: trade name of Polyplastics, etc.), polyimide ( Kapton: Toray Industries, Inc.
- polyetherimide and polyamideimide.
- Polyamides such as nylon 6, nylon 6,6, nylon 6,10, nylon MXD6, nylon 6, T (all trade names: manufactured by DuPont).
- Polyesters such as polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate.
- fluorine resins such as polytetrafluoroethylene and polyvinylidene fluoride.
- the curable resin used for the surface layer 12 is used as a coating agent in order to apply on the base film. Therefore, the coating agent is preferably liquid.
- the curable resin is solid, as described above, it may be dissolved in a solvent and used as a coating agent.
- the concentration of the curable resin in the coating agent can be selected so that the viscosity of the coating agent becomes a viscosity according to a coating method such as a wet coating method.
- the concentration is preferably 1 to 80% by weight, more preferably 3 to 60% by weight.
- the concentration of the curable resin in the coating agent can be adjusted by using a solvent.
- a common organic solvent such as methyl ethyl ketone or methyl isobutyl ketone can be used as the solvent.
- a fluorine-type organic solvent when the solubility to a solvent falls by the length etc. of the fluoroalkyl group which the fluorine compound contained in a curable composition has, you may use a fluorine-type organic solvent.
- a leveling agent such as a surfactant may be added to the coating agent as necessary. When a leveling agent is added, the surface tension of the coating agent can be controlled, and surface defects that occur during layer formation such as repelling and craters can be suppressed.
- Examples of the curing process for curing the curable resin include curing processes such as ultraviolet irradiation, heating, and electron beam irradiation.
- the coating film contains a solvent
- the coating film is usually heated in the range of 70 to 200 ° C. for several tens of minutes to remove the solvent remaining in the coating film, and then the curing treatment is performed. It is preferable.
- Curing by UV irradiation can be performed in a short time (several seconds to several tens of seconds) using UV lamps (for example, high-pressure mercury lamps, ultra-high pressure mercury lamps, metal halide lamps, high-power metal halide lamps) with UV light having a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm. Within range) Irradiation is sufficient.
- the coating solution may be irradiated with a low energy electron beam from a self-shielding low energy electron accelerator of 300 keV or less.
- the fluorine-based compound (b) and the fluorosilsesquioxane derivative (c) have a property of being easily accumulated at the interface between air and solid (or liquid) in a hydrophobic atmosphere (for example, in the air). This is considered to be due to the fact that the components (b) and (c) containing a fluorine group have a higher hydrophobicity than the resin and are attracted to the air side. For this reason, in the coating process, the components (b) and (c) accumulate near the surface of the surface layer 12, and the concentrations of the components (b) and (c) are biased toward the surface side. As a result, in the vicinity of the surface of the surface layer 12, as shown in FIGS.
- a gradient structure with the concentrations of the components (b) and (c) is formed. Moreover, since the components (b) and (c) have excellent properties as an antifouling material, the antifouling property of the surface of the surface layer 12 can be improved.
- the laminated bodies 100 and 200 which concern on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention are equipped with the base film 11 provided with the surface layer 12, and the adhesion layer 13, as shown in FIG. 1, FIG.
- the laminates 100 and 200 are provided with the release film 14 at the time of manufacture, but the release film 14 is peeled off when being attached to the surface of an article that is an adherend.
- base film 11 As the base film 11, it is desirable to use a film formed of a thermoplastic resin.
- thermoplastic resins polyurethane resins, polyester resins, acetate resins, polyethersulfone resins, polycarbonate resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, polyolefin resins, (meth) acrylic resins, polyvinyl chloride
- resins such as resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, polystyrene resin, polyvinyl alcohol resin, polyarylate resin, polyphenylene sulfide resin, norbornene resin.
- thermoplastic polyurethane polycaprolactone (PCL), acrylic acid polymer, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, polyether ketone, polystyrene, polyvinyl acetate, or derivatives thereof are preferable. These resins may be used alone, or a plurality of resins may be used in combination. More preferred is thermoplastic polyurethane.
- thermoplastic polyurethane examples include Argotec 49510, Argotec 49510-DV, Argotec 49510-DV, Esmer URSPX86, Esmer URSPX93, Esmer URSPX98, DU 202, DU213, DU235, DUS501, DUS601, USUS6DUS601, US4D Examples include DUS701, XUS2086, XUS2098, DUS451, DUS450, and UniGrand XN2001, XN2002, and XN2004 manufactured by Nihon Unipolymer.
- the thickness of the base film 11 is not particularly limited, but when the present invention is used as a laminate, the thickness of the base film is preferably 25 to 300 ⁇ m, more preferably 100 to 200 ⁇ m. . When the film thickness of the substrate film is 25 ⁇ m or more, the mechanical strength of the substrate is sufficient, and a layer can be formed on the substrate. Moreover, the thickness of a laminated body does not become thick too much that a film thickness is 300 micrometers or less.
- a coating agent containing a curable composition is applied on the surface of the base film 11.
- the surface layer 12 is formed by drying and curing.
- the surface layer 12 is configured by accumulating components (b) and / or (c) at the interface with air.
- the “curable composition” is a crosslinking component (active component) in the coating agent, and refers to the components (a), (b), (c), and (d).
- the film thickness of the surface layer 12 is typically 1 to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 10 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 10 to 30 ⁇ m.
- the film thickness of the surface layer 12 is 1 ⁇ m or more, the mechanical strength is sufficient, and when the film thickness is 100 ⁇ m or less, the thickness of the laminate does not become too thick.
- the film thickness of the surface layer 12 can be further reduced by the flexibility of the thermoplastic polyurethane.
- the preferred film thickness is 1 to 50 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 30 ⁇ m.
- a wet coating method in which the curable composition is uniformly coated.
- a gravure coating method a die coating method, or the like can be used.
- a gravure roll with an uneven engraving process on the surface is immersed in the coating solution, and the coating agent adhering to the convex and concave portions on the surface of the gravure roll is scraped off with a doctor blade and stored accurately in the concave portion. And transferring to the base material.
- a low viscosity liquid can be thinly coated by the gravure coating method.
- the die coating method is a method in which coating is performed while pressurizing and extruding a liquid from a coating head called a die.
- the die coating method enables highly accurate coating. Furthermore, since the liquid is not exposed to the outside air during application, the concentration change of the coating agent due to drying hardly occurs.
- Other wet coating methods include spin coating, bar coating, reverse coating, roll coating, slit coating, dipping, spray coating, kiss coating, reverse kiss coating, air knife coating, and curtain coating. And rod coating method.
- the coating method can be appropriately selected according to the required film thickness from these methods. Furthermore, since the coating can be performed at a line speed of several tens of meters per minute (for example, about 20 m / min) by using the wet coating method, it can be manufactured in a large amount and the production efficiency can be increased.
- the adhesive layer 13 is formed by applying an adhesive to the reverse side of the base film 11 subjected to antifouling treatment (or antifouling treatment) by the surface layer 12. You may form directly on the surface of the base film 11, and you may laminate
- an adhesive used for the adhesive layer 13 an acrylic adhesive, a rubber adhesive, a urethane adhesive, a silicone adhesive, or the like can be used. For applications that require long-term durability from the viewpoint of product design, an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive having excellent heat resistance and weather resistance is preferred.
- acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive examples include an acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesive containing an acrylic copolymer obtained by copolymerizing a monomer component mainly composed of an acrylate ester with a monomer component having a functional group such as a carboxyl group or a hydroxyl group. .
- acrylic esters include methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, isopropyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, isobutyl (meth) acrylate, sec-butyl (Meth) acrylate, t-butyl (meth) acrylate, pentyl (meth) acrylate, isopentyl (meth) acrylate, hexyl (meth) acrylate, cyclohexyl (meth) acrylate, heptyl (meth) acrylate, n-octyl (meth) acrylate , Isooctyl (meth) acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl (meth) acrylate, nonyl (meth) acrylate, isononyl (meth) acrylate, decyl (
- the following monomer components can be copolymerized with the above alkyl (meth) acrylate.
- copolymerizable monomer components include carboxyl groups such as itaconic acid, maleic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, fumaric acid, (meth) acrylic acid, carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, and carboxypentyl (meth) acrylate.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used in the present invention is, for example, at least one selected from the group consisting of butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, and at least one carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid. It is preferable that a containing monomer is included.
- the pressure-sensitive adhesive used in the present invention increases the glass transition temperature (Tg) by adding hard components such as methyl acrylate and vinyl acetate to improve heat resistance and weather resistance. Examples of the hard component used for adjusting the glass transition temperature include methyl acrylate, vinyl acetate, methyl methacrylate, and acrylonitrile.
- an ultraviolet absorber in order to further improve various physical properties such as weather resistance, an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer and the like may be added as necessary.
- the ratio of the hard component is 10 to 80% by weight, preferably 20 to 70% by weight, and more preferably 30 to 60% by weight with respect to the total amount of the pressure-sensitive adhesive.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the acrylic copolymer is 50,000 to 2,000,000, preferably 100,000 to 1,500,000, and more preferably 150,000 to 1,000,000.
- the number average molecular weight (Mn) is 10,000 to 500,000, preferably 10,000 to 400,000, and more preferably 10,000 to 300,000.
- the dispersion value is 1 to 20, preferably 1 to 15, and more preferably 2 to 10.
- the glass transition temperature is ⁇ 70 to 0 ° C., preferably ⁇ 40 to 0 ° C., more preferably ⁇ 30 to 0 ° C., and particularly preferably ⁇ 20 to 0 ° C.
- the usual gravure coating method, bar coating method, spray coating method, spin coating method, roll coating method, die coating method, A knife coating method, an air knife coating method, a hot melt coating method, a curtain coating method, or the like can be used.
- the thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 13 is 10 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably 15 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m, and more preferably 25 ⁇ m to 45 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of adhesion after pasting.
- the release film 14 for example, a plastic film such as a polyester resin or a polyolefin resin, or a paper subjected to sealing treatment such as cellophane or glassine paper can be used. Furthermore, a resin film of polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene, or polypropylene, which is coated on one or both sides with a release agent such as a fluororesin, a silicone resin, or a long-chain alkyl group-containing carbamate, can be used.
- the thickness of the release film varies somewhat depending on the material used, but is usually 10 to 250 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 200 ⁇ m.
- the laminate of the present application has superior self-healing properties, high water repellency / antifouling properties, stretchability, and slipperiness due to the surface layer. Further, the surface layer can smooth the surface, the reflectance can be suppressed, and the gloss can be given. Further, since the adhesive surface of the adhesive layer is protected by a highly peelable release film until it is attached to the adherend, it can be distributed and transported without deteriorating the adhesiveness.
- a surface protection article according to a third embodiment of the present invention will be described.
- articles as adherends to which the laminate of the present application is attached include automobiles, aircraft, ships, and the like.
- Application of various body parts of these articles, especially parts that are exposed to danger such as flying debris (eg sand, stones, etc.), insects (eg front hood tips and other tip surfaces, rocker panels, etc.) Effective for surface protection.
- flying debris eg sand, stones, etc.
- insects eg front hood tips and other tip surfaces, rocker panels, etc.
- it can be used in, for example, windows, building materials, digital signage, packaging, office supplies, and can be used in a wide range of fields such as electronics, security, and industry.
- in the field of nursing care and medical care it can be applied to packing of waste, protection of the surface of medical equipment, and the like.
- the design can be improved.
- the solution was added dropwise using a dropping funnel so that the liquid temperature became 35 ° C. to 50 ° C., and aged at 45 ° C. for 3 hours after the addition. Thereafter, methanol (9 g) was added and the mixture was treated. Further, paramethoxyphenol (0.16 g) was added, and this was diluted with methyl isobutyl ketone (107.3 g) to obtain the target polymer (A-1). A 30 wt% solution was obtained.
- the obtained polymer (A-1) had a weight average molecular weight: Mw 42,000 and a polydispersity index: Mw / Mn 1.9.
- the weight average molecular weight and polydispersity index were measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC, model number: Alliance 2695, manufactured by Waters, column: Shodex GPC KF-804L x 2 (in series), guard column: KF-G). It was measured.
- Compound A has a molecular structure represented by the following formula (5).
- Acrylic adhesive A which is a copolymer comprising 40 to 55 parts by weight of butyl acrylate, 40 to 55 parts by weight of methyl acrylate, 1 to 15 parts by weight of vinyl acetate and 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of carboxyl group-containing acrylic oxide 30 parts by weight of ethyl acetate was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with a stirring blade for 30 minutes and at 23 ° C. to adjust the solid content to 23% by weight and a viscosity of 1000 CPS.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the pressure-sensitive adhesive A is 550,000, and the glass transition temperature is ⁇ 16 ° C.
- Example 1 Preparation of laminate 1
- a 75 ⁇ m-thick polyethylene terephthalate film (release film A, surface roughness 716 nm) peel-treated with a silicone resin on the adhesive layer surface is pressure-bonded using a rubber roller and cured for one day in an environment of 45 ° C. went.
- the protective film made of polyethylene terephthalate having a thickness of 50 ⁇ m was peeled off, and the coating agent C was coated on the surface of the coating rod No. 8 (manufactured by R.D.S. Webster) and dried under the condition of 90 ° C. ⁇ 3 minutes. Thereafter, it was photocured using a conveyor type ultraviolet irradiation device equipped with H-Bulb made of fusion (integrated light amount: 850 mJ / cm 2 ) to obtain a laminate 1 having a surface layer with a coating thickness of 5 ⁇ m.
- Example 2 Preparation of laminate 2
- a laminate 2 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 1 except that the coating agent E was used instead of the coating agent C.
- the self-healing test uses a four-row brass brush (AS ONE), and the test piece surface is loaded with 1000 kgf, speed 3000 mm / min, one-way 100 mm distance, 10 reciprocations (surface property tester HEIDON Type: 14W Shinto Kagaku ( After the rubbing, the brass brush was quickly removed, and the time until the scratches on the surface disappeared was observed. ⁇ : The scratches disappeared within 1 minute. X: The scratch did not disappear even after exceeding 1 minute.
- Elongation at break (%) crosshead moving distance (mm) / chuck distance (mm) ⁇ 100 (5)
- Examples 1 and 2 provide both self-repairing properties, water / oil repellency (antifouling properties), and extensibility. Further, in Example 2, the surface slipperiness is further improved.
- Example 3 Preparation of laminate 7
- a laminate 7 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 1 except that the coating agent F was used instead of the coating agent C.
- Example 4 Preparation of laminate 8
- a laminate 8 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 1 except that the coating agent G was used instead of the coating agent C.
- Example 5 Preparation of laminate 9
- a laminate 9 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 1 except that the coating agent H was used instead of the coating agent C.
- Example 6 Preparation of laminate 10
- a laminate 10 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 1 except that the coating agent I was used in place of the coating agent C.
- Test method The test method is the same as in «Test 1».
- Performance is achieved when the ratio of the component (b) is 1 to 7 parts by weight in the weight ratio of the components (a) and (b) ((a) :( b)).
- Example 7 Preparation of laminate 11
- a laminate 11 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent J was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Example 8 Preparation of laminate 12
- a laminate 12 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent K was used in place of the coating agent E.
- Example 9 Preparation of laminate 13
- a laminate 13 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent L was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Example 10 Preparation of laminate 14
- a laminate 14 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent M was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Test method The test method is the same as in «Test 1».
- Performance is exhibited when the ratio of the component (c) is 0.1 to 5 parts by weight in the weight ratio ((a) :( b) :( c)) of the components (a), (b) and (c).
- Example 12 Preparation of laminate 16
- Coating rod no. In place of 8 A laminate 16 having a coating film thickness of 10 ⁇ m was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that 16 was used.
- Example 13 Preparation of laminate 17
- Example 14 Preparation of laminate 18
- Test method The test method is the same as in «Test 1».
- Performance is exhibited when the thickness of the surface layer is 5 ⁇ m or more.
- Example 15 Preparation of laminate 19
- a laminate 19 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent N was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Example 16 Preparation of laminate 20
- a laminate 20 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent O was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Example 17 Preparation of laminate 21
- a laminate 21 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent P was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Example 18 Preparation of laminate 22
- a laminate 22 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent Q was used in place of the coating agent E.
- Example 19 Preparation of laminate 23
- a laminate 23 was obtained in the same manner as the laminate 2 except that the coating agent R was used instead of the coating agent E.
- Test method The test method is the same as in «Test 1».
- Example 20 Preparation of laminate 24
- a laminate 24 was obtained.
- Example 21 Preparation of laminate 25
- Example 22 Preparation of laminate 26
- Test method The test method is the same as in «Test 1».
- thermoplastic polyurethane film When a thermoplastic polyurethane film is used as a substrate, a laminate having good extensibility can be obtained regardless of the type.
- Example 23 Preparation of specimen A
- the adhesive layer side, surface, and polycarbonate sheet (trade name: PC1151, manufactured by Teijin Ltd., Panlite thickness: 2 mm, width: 70 mm, length: 150 mm) are sprayed onto the adhesive layer surface of the laminate with a rubber squeegee. Then, while extruding bubbles and water bubbles, the sample A was affixed to a polycarbonate sheet.
- Example 24 Preparation of specimen B
- Specimen B was prepared in the same manner as in Example 23 except that adherend A was used instead of the polycarbonate sheet (trade name: PC1151, manufactured by Teijin Ltd., Panlite thickness: 2 mm, width: 70 mm, length: 150 mm). did.
- the surface can be smoothed by pasting the laminate, the haze value is lowered and the design of the adherend is improved. Moreover, by sticking the laminate, the substrate can be protected and durability is improved.
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Abstract
Description
このように構成すると、キズの自己修復性、防汚性、伸長性に優れた表面層を形成可能なコーティング剤となる。すなわち、基材フィルム等にコーティング剤を塗布して塗膜を形成すると(硬化前)、層の表面にフッ素系化合物(b)が集積する(図1のfcを参照)。さらに、塗膜を硬化させると、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)と重合性官能基を有するフッ素系化合物(b)が互いに架橋する。形成された表面層は、架橋により、固定化され、汚れが染み込むのを抑制でき防汚性に優れる、ブリードアウトを防止し防汚性の耐久性が増す、さらには、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)の柔軟性によりキズの自己修復性、伸長性にも優れたものとなる。
このように構成すると、ラジカル重合性の(メタ)アクリロイル基により、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)とフッ素系化合物(b)の架橋を容易に形成することができる。
このように構成すると、(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)とフッ素系化合物(b)を適切な割合で含有し、自己修復性、防汚性、および、伸長性に特に優れた表面層を形成可能なコーティング剤となる。
このように構成すると、防汚性がより向上し、優れた滑り性を有する表面層を形成可能なコーティング剤となる。
このように構成すると、かご型構造のフルオロシルセスキオキサンは、空気との界面により集積しやすい性質を有し、基材フィルム等にコーティング剤を塗布した際に、空気との界面に集まるスピードを高めることができる。
このように構成すると、(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)、フッ素系化合物(b)、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)を適切な割合で含有し、自己修復性、防汚性、、伸長性、および滑り性に特に優れた表面層を形成可能なコーティング剤となる。
このように構成すると、得られた硬化皮膜は表面層が有する自己修復性、防汚性、伸長性、および滑り性を備えた皮膜となる。
このように構成すると、積層体は、表面層が有する自己修復性、防汚性、伸長性、および滑り性に加え、基材フィルムの熱可塑性ポリウレタンが有する柔軟性を備えた積層体となる。
このように構成すると、粘着層から剥離フィルムを剥離し易くなる。
このように構成すると、高い耐衝撃強度を有する熱可塑性ポリウレタンにより、キズ等から表面を保護することができる。また、最表面となる表面層によりキズが生じた場合でも自己修復でき、さらに最表面は防汚性、伸張性、滑り性にも優れる。
本願の第1の実施の形態に係るコーティング剤は、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)と、フッ素系化合物(b)と、光重合開始剤(d)とを含み、ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)は、10,000~800,000の重量平均分子量(Mw)を有し、フッ素系化合物(b)は、少なくとも2個の重合性官能基を有する。例えば図1に示すように、基材フィルム11上にコーティング剤を塗布して硬化させると、自己修復性、防汚性、伸張性に優れた表面層12を形成することができる。
なお、コーティング剤は、さらに、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)を含んでもよい。フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)は、少なくとも1個の重合性官能基を有する。フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)により、表面層の防汚性を向上させるとともに優れた滑り性を付与することができる。
なお、コーティング剤は、さらに、溶剤(e)、添加剤(f)を含んでもよい。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)は、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有し、かつ、ウレタン骨格をもつ活性エネルギー線硬化性樹脂であり、例えば紫外線硬化性樹脂を挙げることができる。ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)は、表面層に屈曲性(柔軟性)を付与する。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)は、1分子中にイソシアネート基を複数個有する有機イソシアネート系化合物(ポリイソシアネート)と、水酸基を2個以上有するポリオール系化合物(ポリヒドロキシ化合物あるいは多価アルコール類)とを反応させた後、さらに水酸基含有(メタ)アクリレート系化合物を反応させることによって得ることができる、ラジカル重合性不飽和基含有オリゴマー、プレポリマー、ポリマーであってもよい。
または、ポリヒドロキシ化合物としてポリエステルポリオールを用いたポリエステル系ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートも好ましい。ポリエステル系ウレタン(メタ)アクリレートを用いることで、形成された表面層は優れた伸縮性と強靭性を供えることができる。
前記ポリヒドロキシ化合物としては、ポリカーボネートポリオール、ポリエステルポリオール、ポリエーテルポリオール、ポリカプロラクトンポリオールなどが挙げられ、具体的にはグリセリン-エチレンオキシド付加物、グリセリン-プロピレンオキシド付加物、グリセリン-テトラヒドロフラン付加物、グリセリン-エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシド付加物、トリメチロールプロパン-エチレンオキシド付加物、トリメチロールプロパン-プロピレンオキシド付加物、トリメチロールプロパン-テトラヒドロフラン付加物、トリメチロールプロパン-エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシド付加物、ジペンタエリスリトール-エチレンオキシド付加物、ジペンタエリスリトール-プロピレンオキシド付加物、ジペンタエリスリトール-テトラヒドロフラン付加物、ジペンタエリスリトール-エチレンオキシド-プロピレンオキシド付加物などが挙げられる。
前記多価アルコール類としては、具体的には、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、プロピレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、2-メチル-1,3-プロパンジオール、1,3-ブタンジオール、ビスフェノールAとプロピレンオキシドまたはエチレンオキシドとの付加物、1,2,3,4-テトラヒドロキシブタン、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、1,2-シクロヘキサングリコール、1,3-シクロヘキサングリコール、1,4-シクロヘキサングリコール、パラキシレングリコール、ビシクロヘキシル-4,4-ジオール、2,6-デカリングリコール、2,7-デカリングリコールなどが挙げられる。
フッ素系化合物(b)は、少なくとも2個の重合性官能基を有していれば、モノマー、オリゴマー、プレポリマー、ポリマーのいずれであってもよい。例えば、フッ素系化合物(b)として、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有するパーフルオロポリエーテルを挙げることができる。なお、本願においてフッ素系化合物(b)という場合は、下記フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)を含まない。
前記パーフルオロポリエーテル鎖としては、具体的には下記式(1)で表されるものが挙げられる。
フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)は、少なくとも1個の重合性官能基を有していれば、モノマー、オリゴマー、プレポリマー、ポリマーのいずれであってもよい。
・フルオロシルセスキオキサンモノマー
シルセスキオキサンとは、[(R-SiO1.5)n]で示される(Rは任意の置換基である)ポリシロキサンの総称である。このシルセスキオキサンの構造は、そのSi-O-Si骨格に応じて、一般的にランダム型構造、ラダー型構造、かご型構造に分類される。さらに、かご型構造は含まれるSiの数に応じてT8、T10、T12型などに分類される。
フルオロシルセスキオキサンは、疎水性雰囲気下(例えば、空気中)において、空気と固体(または液体)の界面に集積しやすい性質を有するものであればよい。界面に集積するフルオロシルセスキオキサンであれば、本願発明の効果を十分に発揮することができる。このようなフルオロシルセスキオキサンの優れた表面集積特性により、少量かつ効果的に表面層12の表面改質を行うことができる。
入手のし易さを考慮すると、T8型、T10型、T12型のいずれか1の型であることが好ましい。
前述の式[(R-SiO1.5)n]における置換基(R)は、フルオロアルキル基(Rf)であることが好ましい。溶剤への溶解性を考慮すると、Rfの炭素数は、1~8であることが好ましい。Rfは、直鎖の基であってもよく、分岐した基であってもよい。具体的には、直鎖の基として、-CH2CH2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3、-CH2CH2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF2CF3、分岐した基として、-CH2CH2CF(CF3)2、-CH2CH(CF3)CF2CF3、-CH(CF3)CH2CF2CF3、-CH2C(CF3)2CF3、-C(CF3)2CH2CF3-CH2CH2CF2CF(CF3)2、-CH2CH2CF(CF3)CF2CF3、-CH2CH2C(CF3)2CF3等を例示することができる。なお、Rfは、それぞれ相違する基であっても、すべて同一の基であってもよい。
ただし特に好ましくは、Siに結合する重合性官能基が少なくとも2個であるフルオロシルセスキオキサンである。例えば、上記式(2)では、1つのSiに「3-(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピル」を有するフルオロシルセスキオキサンを例示しているが、他の1つ以上のSiにこの「3-(メタクリロイルオキシ)プロピル」を有するフルオロシルセスキオキサンであることがより好ましい。さらに、重合性官能基はラジカル重合性官能基であることが好ましい。
以下では、フルオロシルセスキオキサンオリゴマー、プレポリマー、ポリマーを総じてフルオロシルセスキオキサン重合体と称する。
フルオロシルセスキオキサン重合体は、官能基が重合性の基である場合には、フルオロシルセスキオキサンの単一重合体とすることができるし、他の一般的な単量体(例えば、付加重合性単量体)との共重合体とすることもできる。異なる重合性の基を有するフルオロシルセスキオキサン同士の共重合体としてもよい。このとき、重合の方法は公知の方法のいずれであっても採用できる。このように、本願のコーティング剤に用いるフルオロシルセスキオキサンは、フルオロシルセスキオキサン重合体であってもよい。
ただし、重合後のフルオロシルセスキオキサン重合体は、少なくとも1個の重合性官能基を有する。さらに、重合性官能基はラジカル重合性官能基であることが好ましい。
架橋性官能基を有するスチレン化合物の例には、o-アミノスチレン、p-スチレンクロロスルホン酸、スチレンスルホン酸およびその塩、ビニルフェニルメチルジチオカルバメート、2-(2-ブロモプロピオニルオキシ)スチレン、2-(2-ブロモイソブチリルオキシ)スチレン、1-(2-((4-ビニルフェニル)メトキシ)-1-フェニルエトキシ)-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジンや、下記式に示される化合物が含まれる。
さらに、スチレン、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、シロキサン、およびアルキレンオキサイド、例えばエチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイドなどから誘導された主鎖を有し、二つの重合性二重結合を有するマクロ単量体も例示される。
さらに、スチレン、(メタ)アクリル酸エステル、シロキサン、およびアルキレンオキサイド、例えばエチレンオキサイド、プロピレンオキサイドなどから誘導された主鎖を有し、重合性二重結合を三つ以上有するマクロ単量体も例示される。
光重合開始剤は、特に限定しない。活性エネルギー線でラジカルを発生する開始剤であればよい。例えば、アルキルフェノン系光重合開始剤等を挙げることができる。
活性エネルギー線重合開始剤として用いられる化合物としては、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、ベンゾフェノン、ミヒラーズケトン、4,4′-ビス(ジエチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン、キサントン、チオキサントン、イソプロピルキサントン、2,4-ジエチルチオキサントン、2-エチルアントラキノン、アセトフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチルプロピオフェノン、2-ヒドロキシ-2-メチル-4′-イソプロピルプロピオフェノン、イソプロピルベンゾインエーテル、イソブチルベンゾインエーテル、2,2-ジエトキシアセトフェノン、2,2-ジメトキシ-2-フェニルアセトフェノン、カンファーキノン、ベンズアントロン、2-メチル-1-[4-(メチルチオ)フェニル]-2-モルホリノプロパン-1-オン、2-ベンジル-2-ジメチルアミノ-1-(4-モルホリノフェニル)-ブタノン-1,4-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸エチル、4-ジメチルアミノ安息香酸イソアミル、4,4′-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、3,4,4′-トリ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイルジフェニルフォスフィンオキサイド、2-(4′-メトキシスチリル)-4,6-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、2-(3′,4′-ジメトキシスチリル)-4,6-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、2-(2′,4′-ジメトキシスチリル)-4,6-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、2-(2′-メトキシスチリル)-4,6-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、2-(4′-ペンチルオキシスチリル)-4,6-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、4-[p-N,N-ジ(エトキシカルボニルメチル)]-2,6-ジ(トリクロロメチル)-s-トリアジン、1,3-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-5-(2′-クロロフェニル)-s-トリアジン、1,3-ビス(トリクロロメチル)-5-(4′-メトキシフェニル)-s-トリアジン、2-(p-ジメチルアミノスチリル)ベンズオキサゾール、2-(p-ジメチルアミノスチリル)ベンズチアゾール、2-メルカプトベンゾチアゾール、3,3′-カルボニルビス(7-ジエチルアミノクマリン)、2-(o-クロロフェニル)-4,4′,5,5′-テトラフェニル-1,2′-ビイミダゾール、2,2′-ビス(2-クロロフェニル)-4,4′,5,5′-テトラキス(4-エトキシカルボニルフェニル)-1,2′-ビイミダゾール、2,2′-ビス(2,4-ジクロロフェニル)-4,4′,5,5′-テトラフェニル-1,2′-ビイミダゾール、2,2′-ビス(2,4-ジブロモフェニル)-4,4′,5,5′-テトラフェニル-1,2′-ビイミダゾール、2,2′-ビス(2,4,6-トリクロロフェニル)-4,4′,5,5′-テトラフェニル-1,2′-ビイミダゾール、3-(2-メチル-2-ジメチルアミノプロピオニル)カルバゾール、3,6-ビス(2-メチル-2-モルホリノプロピオニル)-9-n-ドデシルカルバゾール、1-ヒドロキシシクロヘキシルフェニルケトン、ビス(η5-2,4-シクロペンタジエン-1-イル)-ビス(2,6-ジフルオロ-3-(1H-ピロール-1-イル)-フェニル)チタニウム、3,3′,4,4′-テトラ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、3,3′,4,4′-テトラ(t-ヘキシルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、3,3′-ジ(メトキシカルボニル)-4,4′-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、3,4′-ジ(メトキシカルボニル)-4,3′-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、4,4′-ジ(メトキシカルボニル)-3,3′-ジ(t-ブチルペルオキシカルボニル)ベンゾフェノン、2-ヒロドキシ-1-{4-[4-(2-ヒドロキシ―2―メチル-プロピオニル)-ベンジル]フェニル}-2-メチル-プロパン-1-オン、ビス(2,4,6-トリメチルベンゾイル)-フェニルフォスフィンオキサイドなどがある。これらの化合物は単独で使用してもよく、2つ以上を混合して使用することも有効である。
ラジカル重合開始剤の含有量は、ラジカル重合性樹脂の総量(100重量部)に対して0.01重量部~20重量部であることが好ましい。より好ましくは、1重量部~10重量部である。
本願のコーティング剤に含まれる上記(a)(b)(c)(d)成分は、有機溶剤等の溶剤に溶解させて用いてもよい。溶剤は特に限定しない。一般的な有機溶剤等を使用できる。
溶剤の具体例としては、炭化水素系溶媒(ベンゼン、トルエンなど)、エーテル系溶媒(ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン、ジフェニルエーテル、アニソール、ジメトキシベンゼンなど)、ハロゲン化炭化水素系溶媒(塩化メチレン、クロロホルム、クロロベンゼンなど)、ケトン系溶媒(アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトンなど)、アルコール系溶媒(メタノール、エタノール、プロパノール、イソプロパノール、ブチルアルコール、t-ブチルアルコールなど)、ニトリル系溶媒(アセトニトリル、プロピオニトリル、ベンゾニトリルなど)、エステル系溶媒(酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、2-ヒドロキシイソ酪酸メチルなど)、カーボネート系溶媒(エチレンカーボネート、プロピレンカーボネートなど)、アミド系溶媒(N,N-ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N-ジメチルアセトアミド)、ハイドロクロロフルオロカーボン系溶媒(HCFC-141b、HCFC-225)、ハイドロフルオロカーボン(HFCs)系溶媒(炭素数2~4、5および6以上のHFCs)、パーフルオロカーボン系溶媒(パーフルオロペンタン、パーフルオロヘキサン)、脂環式ハイドロフルオロカーボン系溶媒(フルオロシクロペンタン、フルオロシクロブタン)、酸素含有フッ素系溶媒(フルオロエーテル、フルオロポリエーテル、フルオロケトン、フルオロアルコール)、芳香族系フッ素溶媒(α,α,α-トリフルオロトルエン、ヘキサフルオロベンゼン)、水が含まれる。これらを単独で使用してもよく、二種以上を併用してもよい。例えば、メチルエチルケトンとメチルイソブチルケトンの混合溶剤を挙げることができる。メチルイソブチルケトン以上に、樹脂に対する溶解性を上げることが期待できるメチルエチルケトン等の溶媒を加えることで、コーティング剤の調合の際に、溶液均一化の作業性を向上できる。また、溶解性の向上によりコーティング剤の安定化を図ることができる。混合比率(重量基準)は、例えば、メチルイソブチルケトン/メチルエチルケトン=1~99/99~1の範囲が利用でき、好ましくは、20~80/80~20の範囲である。
コーティング剤には、上記の他に添加剤を添加してもよい。例えば、膜の硬度、耐擦傷性を付与するために、フィラーを添加してもよい。塗工性を上げるために、レベリング剤を添加してもよい。その他、耐候剤、消泡剤等の添加剤を添加してもよい。
より詳細には、コーティング剤により形成される硬化膜が有する効果に悪影響をおよぼさない範囲において、活性エネルギー線増感剤、重合禁止剤、重合開始助剤、レベリング剤、濡れ性改良剤、界面活性剤、可塑剤、紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤、酸化防止剤、帯電防止剤、シランカップリング剤、シリカやアルミナに代表される無機フィラー、有機フィラーなど、任意の成分をさらにコーティング剤に含有させてもよい。
また、シリコーン系表面調整剤としては、BYK-UV3500、BYK-UV-3570(いずれも商品名:ビックケミー・ジャパン(株)製)、TEGO Rad2100、2200N、2250、2500、2600、2700(いずれも商品名:エボニックデグサジャパン(株)製)、X-22-2445、X-22-2455、X-22-2457、X-22-2458、X-22-2459、X-22-1602、X-22-1603、X-22-1615、X-22-1616、X-22-1618、X-22-1619、X-22-2404、X-22-2474、X-22-174DX、X-22-8201、X-22-2426、X-22-164A、X-22-164C(いずれも商品名:信越化学工業(株)製)等を挙げることができる。
ベンゾトリアゾール類の例として、BASF社製TINUVIN PS、TINUVIN 99-2、TINUVIN326、TINUVIN384-2、TINUVIN900、TINUVIN928、TINUVIN1130、TINUVINCarboprotect、ヒドロキシフェニルトリアジン類の例として、BASF社製TINUVIN400、TINUVIN405、TINUVIN460、TINUVIN477、TINUVIN479、ベンゾフェノン類の例として、ADEKA社製1413、住化ケムテックス社製Sumisorb130、サリシレート類の例として、フェニルサリシレート、p-tert-ブチルフェニルサリシレート、p-オクチルフェニルサリシレート、シアノアクリレート類の例として、2-エチルヘキシル2-シアノ-3,3-ジフェニルアクリレート、エチル2-シアノ-3,3-ジフェニルアクリレート、トリアジン類の例として、ADEKA社製LA-46、LA-F70、ジベンゾイルレゾルシノール類の例として、4,6-ジベンゾイルレゾルシノールなどが挙げられる。
これらの紫外線吸収剤を単独で用いてもよいし、複数の紫外線吸収剤を組合せて用いてもよい。紫外線吸収剤は、吸収したい紫外線の波長に基づいて種類や組合せを適宜選択することが好ましい。
また、光安定剤(HALS)としては、BASF社製TINUVIN(登録商標)5100(中性タイプの汎用HALS)、TINUVIN292(化合物名:ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジニル)セバケート、メチル(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジニル)セバケート)、TINUVIN152(化合物名:2,4-ビス[N-ブチル-N-(1-シクロヘキシロキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-4-イル)アミノ]-6-(2-ヒドロキシエチルアミン)-1,3,5-トリアジン)、TINUVIN144(化合物名:ビス(1,2,2,6,6-ペンタメチル-4-ピペリジニル)-[[3,5-ビス(1,1-ジメチルエチル)-4-ヒドロキシフェニル]メチル]ブチルマロネート)、TINUVIN123(化合物名:デカン二酸、ビス(2,2,6,6-テトラメチル-1-(オクチルオキシ)-4ピペリジニル)エステルの反応生成物(1,1-ジメチルエチルヒドロぺルオキシドおよびオクタン存在下))、TINUVIN111FDL(約50%、TINUVIN622、化合物名:(ブタン二酸ポリマー(4-ヒドロキシ-2,2,6,6-テトラメチル ピペリジニル-イル)エタノール存在下)、約50%、CHIMASSORB119、化合物名:N-N’-N’’-N’’’-テトラキス(4,6-ビス(ブチル-(N-メチル-2,2,6,6-テトラメチルピペリジン-4-イル)アミノ)トリアジン-2-イル)-4,7-ジアザデカン-1,10-ジアミン)、または、(株)アデカ製アデカスタブLAシリーズ等、具体的には、LA-52((5)-6116)、LA-57((5)-5555)、LA-62((5)-5711)、LA-67((5)-5755)、LA-82((5)-6023)、LA-87((5)-6022)を挙げることができる。なお、括弧内は、既存化学物質番号である。
無機フィラーの例として、市販品では日産化学工業製MEK-ST―40、MEK-ST-L、MEK-ST-ZL、PGM-AC-2140Y、PGM-AC-4130Y、AS-200、AS-520、CIKナノテック社製アナターゼTiO2、Al2O3、ZnO、ZrO2、コバルトブルー、御国色素製酸化ジルコニウム、チタン酸バリウム、酸化チタン、シリカ、アルミナ、MUAフィラーを挙げることができる。
有機フィラーの例として、積水化成品工業性製テクポリマーMBXシリーズ、SBXシリーズ、根上工業製アートパール架橋アクリルビーズ、アートパール架橋ウレタンビーズ、アイカ工業製ガンツパールを挙げることができる。
これらのフィラーを単独で用いてもよいし、複数のフィラーを組合せて用いてもよい。
その他の樹脂として、熱可塑性樹脂、ゴムを添加することにより、樹脂本来の特性(力学物性、表面・界面特性、相溶性など)を改質することができる。
ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリ塩化ビニリデン、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル-スチレン樹脂、アクリロニトリル-ブタジエン-スチレン樹脂、ポリ(メタ)アクリレート樹脂、超高分子量ポリエチレン、ポリ-4-メチルペンテン、シンジオタクチックポリスチレン、ポリアセタール、ポリカーボネート、ポリフェニレンオキサイド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリスルホン、ポリエーテルスルホン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリアリレート(Uポリマー:ユニチカ(株)商品名、ベクトラ:ポリプラスチックス(株)商品名、など)、ポリイミド(カプトン:東レ(株)商品名、AURUM:三井化学(株)商品名、など)、ポリエーテルイミドおよびポリアミドイミド。
ナイロン6、ナイロン6,6、ナイロン6,10、ナイロンMXD6、ナイロン6,T(いずれも商品名:デュポン(株)製)などのポリアミド。
ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレン2,6-ナフタレンジカルボキシラートなどのポリエステル。
さらに、ポリテトラフロロエチレン、ポリフッ化ビニリデンなどのフッ素樹脂。
コーティング剤中の硬化性樹脂の濃度は、コーティング剤の粘度がウェットコーティング法等のコーティング方法に応じた粘度になるように選択することができる。前記濃度は、1~80重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは、3~60重量%である。コーティング剤中の硬化性樹脂の濃度は、溶剤を用いることで調整することができる。溶剤には、例えば、メチルエチルケトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等の一般的な有機溶剤を用いることができる。なお、硬化性組成物に含まれるフッ素化合物が有するフルオロアルキル基の長さ等により、溶剤への溶解性が低下した場合には、フッ素系の有機溶剤を用いてもよい。また、コーティング剤には、必要に応じて公知の他の添加剤、例えば、界面活性剤などのレベリング剤を添加してもよい。レベリング剤を添加すると、コーティング剤の表面張力をコントロールすることができ、ハジキ、クレーター等の層形成時に生ずる表面欠陥を抑制することができる。
また、(b)(c)成分は、防汚材料として優れた特性を有するため、表面層12の表面の防汚性を高めることができる。
本発明の第2の実施の形態に係る積層体100、200は、図1、図2に示すように、表面層12を備えた基材フィルム11と、粘着層13とを備える。積層体100、200は、製造時には剥離フィルム14を備えるが、被着体である物品の表面へ貼り付ける際には剥離フィルム14を剥がして用いる。
基材フィルム11としては、熱可塑性樹脂で形成されたフィルムを用いることが望ましい。
熱可塑性樹脂としては、ポリウレタン系樹脂、ポリエステル系樹脂、アセテート系樹脂、ポリエーテルスルホン系樹脂、ポリカーボネート系樹脂、ポリアミド系樹脂、ポリイミド系樹脂、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、(メタ)アクリル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル系樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン系樹脂、ポリスチレン系樹脂、ポリビニルアルコール系樹脂、ポリアリレート系樹脂、ポリフェニレンサルファイド系樹脂、ノルボルネン系樹脂等の樹脂を挙げることができる。具体的には、熱可塑性ポリウレタン、ポリカプロラクトン(PCL)、アクリル酸重合体、ポリエステル、ポリアクリロニトリル、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリスチレン、ポリ酢酸ビニル、または、これらの誘導体が好ましい。これらの樹脂を単独で用いてもよいし、複数の樹脂を組合せて用いてもよい。
さらに好ましくは、熱可塑性ポリウレタンである。熱可塑性ポリウレタンの例として、Argotec社製Argotec49510、Argotec49510-DV、日本マタイ社製エスマーURSPX86、エスマーURSPX93、エスマーURSPX98、シーダム社製DUS202、DUS213、DUS235、DUS501、DUS601、DUS605、DUS614、DUS203、DUS220、DUS701、XUS2086、XUS2098、DUS451、DUS450、日本ユニポリマー社製ユニグランドXN2001、XN2002、XN2004を挙げることができる。なかでも、ポリヒドロキシ化合物としてポリカプロラクトンポリオールを用いたポリカプロラクトン系熱可塑性ポリウレタンや、ポリカーボネートポリオールを用いたポリカーボネート系熱可塑性ポリウレタンや、ポリエーテルポリオールを用いたポリエーテル系熱可塑性ポリウレタンが好ましい。
基材フィルム11の膜厚は特に制限するものではないが、本願発明を積層体として用いる場合には、基材フィルムの膜厚は好ましくは25~300μmであり、より好ましくは100~200μmである。基材フィルムの膜厚が25μm以上であると基材の機械的強度が充分であり、基材上に層を形成することが可能になる。また、膜厚が300μm以下であると、積層体の厚みが厚くなりすぎることがない。
表面層12は、まず硬化性組成物を含有するコーティング剤を基材フィルム11の面上に塗布する。乾燥・硬化により表面層12を形成する。表面層12では、空気との界面に(b)および/または(c)成分が集積して構成される。なお「硬化性組成物」とは、コーティング剤中の架橋成分(有効成分)であり、(a)(b)(c)(d)成分をいう。
表面層12の膜厚は典型的には1~100μmであり、好ましくは10~50μmであり、より好ましくは10~30μmである。表面層12の膜厚が1μm以上であると機械的強度が充分であり、膜厚が100μm以下であると、積層体の厚みが厚くなりすぎることがない。なお、基材フィルムに熱可塑性ポリウレタンを用いた場合は、熱可塑性ポリウレタンの柔軟性により表面層12の膜厚をさらに薄くすることができる。好ましい膜厚は1~50μmであり、より好ましくは3~30μmである。
グラビアコート法は、表面に凸凹の彫刻加工が施されたグラビアロールを塗布液に浸し、グラビアロール表面の凸凹部に付着したコーティング剤をドクターブレードで掻き落とし凹部に液を貯めることで正確に計量し、基材に転移させる方式である。グラビアコート法により、低粘度の液を薄くコーティングすることができる。
ダイコート法は、ダイと呼ばれる塗布用ヘッドから液を加圧して押出しながらコーティングする方式である。ダイコート法により、高精度なコーティングが可能となる。さらに、塗布時に液が外気にさらされないため、乾きによるコーティング剤の濃度変化などが起こりにくい。
その他のウェットコーティング法としては、スピンコート法、バーコート法、リバースコート法、ロールコート法、スリットコート法、ディッピング法、スプレーコート法、キスコート法、リバースキスコート法、エアナイフコート法、カーテンコート法、ロッドコート法などを挙げることができる。コーティングする方法は、これらの方法から必要とする膜厚に応じて適宜選択することができる。さらに、ウェットコーティング法を用いることにより、毎分数十メートルのライン速度(例えば約20m/分)でコーティングできるため、大量に製造でき、生産効率を上げることができる。
粘着層13は、図1、図2に示すように、表面層12により防汚処理した(または防汚処理する)基材フィルム11の逆面側に粘着剤を塗布して形成される。基材フィルム11の面上に直接形成してもよく、基材フィルム11との間に他層を介して積層してもよい。
粘着層13に用いる粘着剤としては、アクリル系粘着剤、ゴム系粘着剤、ウレタン系粘着剤、シリコーン系粘着剤などを使用することが可能である。製品設計の面から長期間の耐久性を必要とする用途では耐熱性・耐候性に優れるアクリル系粘着剤が好ましい。
アクリル酸エステルとしては、例えばメチル(メタ)アクリレート、エチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-プロピル(メタ)アクリレート、イソプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソブチル(メタ)アクリレート、sec-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、シクロヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘプチル(メタ)アクリレート、n-オクチル(メタ)アクリレート、イソオクチル(メタ)アクリレート、2-エチルヘキシル(メタ)アクリレート、ノニル(メタ)アクリレート、イソノニル(メタ)アクリレート、デシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ウンデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ドデシル(メタ)アクリレート、トリデシル(メタ)アクリレート、テトラデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘキサデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ヘプタデシル(メタ)アクリレート、オクタデシル(メタ)アクリレート、ノナデシル(メタ)アクリレート、エイコシル(メタ)アクリレート、イソボルニル(メタ)アクリレート、1-アダマンチル(メタ)アクリレート等が挙げられる。これらのアルキル(メタ)アクリレートは1種または2種以上を用いることができる。
本発明に用いられる粘着剤は、耐熱性・耐候性の向上に、例えば、アクリル酸メチルおよび酢酸ビニル等の硬質成分を添加しガラス転移温度(Tg)を上げた。このようなガラス転移温度の調整に用いる硬質成分としては、アクリル酸メチル、酢酸ビニル、メタクリル酸メチル、アクリロニトリルが挙げられる。
なお、耐候性等の各種物性のさらなる向上のため、必要に応じて紫外線吸収剤、光安定剤等を添加してもよい。
硬質成分の割合としては、粘着剤全量に対して10~80重量%であり、20~70重量%が好ましく、30~60重量%がより好ましい。
数平均分子量(Mn)は1万~50万であり、1万~40万が好ましく、1万~30万にがより好ましい。
分散値は1~20であり、1~15が好ましく、2~10がより好ましい。
ガラス転移温度は-70~0℃であり、-40~0℃が好ましく、-30~0℃がより好ましく、-20~0℃が特に好ましい。
粘着層13の厚みは、貼り付け後の密着性の面から10μm~100μmであり、15μm~50μmが好ましく、25μm~45μmがより好ましい。
剥離フィルムの厚さは使用する材料によって多少異なるが、通常は10~250μmであり、20~200μmが好ましい。
本発明の第3の実施の形態に係る表面保護物品について説明する。本願の積層体を貼付する被着体としての物品には、例えば、自動車、航空機、船舶等を挙げることができる。これらの物品の各種本体部分、特に飛んでくる破片(例えば、砂、石など)、昆虫類などの危険に晒される部分(例えば、前側フードの先端および他の先端表面、ロッカーパネル等)の塗面保護に有効である。
さらに、例えば、窓、建築材、デジタルサイネージ、包装、オフィス用品に利用でき、エレクトロニクス、保安、産業等の幅広い分野で利用できる。さらに、介護、医療分野において、廃棄物のパッキングや、医療機器表面の保護等にも応用できる。加えて、保護された物品の表面を平滑にできるため、意匠性を向上させることができる。
[製造例1:ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート樹脂(a)の合成]
4,4’-ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート(商品名:デスモジュール(登録商標)、住化バイエルウレタン(株)製)を306g(1.2モル)、1,4-シクロヘキサンジメタノールを用いたポリカーボネートジオール(商品名:ETERNACOLL(登録商標)UC-100、宇部興産(株)製)を1000g(1モル)、2-ブタノン(MEK、メチルエチルケトン)1700gを仕込み、70℃~80℃の条件にて反応を行い、所定の残存イソシアネート濃度になるまで反応させた。次いで、2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート(商品名:BHEA、(株)日本触媒製)255g(2.2モル)および重合禁止剤としてハイドロキノンモノメチルエーテル(商品名:MQ、川口化学工業(株)製)0.85gを添加後、さらに70℃~80℃の条件にて残存イソシアネート濃度が0.1重量%になるまで反応させ、ポリカーボネート系ウレタンアクリレート樹脂(a)を得た。さらに、MEK642gを追加して、固形分濃度40重量%に調整した。得られた重合体のGPC分析により求めた重量平均分子量は100,000であった。
窒素雰囲気下、室温にてパーフルオロポリエーテルとして両末端が水酸基のSovay Solexis製Fomblin Zdol-4000(平均分子量4000)50gをヘキサフロロ-m-キシレン(70g)に溶解し、これに、アクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアナート(商品名:カレンズAOI、昭和電工(株)製)3.5gを添加し、窒素雰囲気下45℃まで加熱した。ジラウリン酸ジブチルスズ(東京化成(株)製)0.076gをメチルエチルケトン(和光純薬(株)製)0.55gに溶かした溶液を滴下し、45℃~50℃で2時間攪拌した。さらに、ジラウリン酸ジブチルスズ(東京化成(株)製)0.043gをメチルエチルケトン(和光純薬(株)製)0.55gに溶かした溶液を添加し、同温度で2時間攪拌した。その後、反応液を氷冷し、メタノール(2.0g)を滴下した。同温度で30分攪拌し、メチルエチルケトン(7.4g)で希釈をおこない、両末端に重合性官能基を有するパーフルオロポリエーテル化合物(b)の溶液を得た。(134g 固形分40重量%)
還流器、滴下漏斗を取り付けた窒素シールされた4口丸底フラスコ中に下記化合物A(25g)、サイラプレーンFM0721(6.3g、JNC(株)製)、メタクリル酸2-ヒドロキシルエチル(18.8g)、メタクリル酸メチル(12.5g)、メチルエチルケトン(62g)を加え、オイルバスを用い15分還流・脱気させた後、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル(0.48g)、メルカプト酢酸(0.054g)をメチルエチルケトン(4.8g)に溶解させた溶液を投入し、重合を開始させた。重合開始3時間後にアゾビスイソブチロニトリル(0.48g)をメチルエチルケトン(4.3g)に溶解させ添加し、5時間熟成させ得られた共重合体の溶液を得た。さらに重合禁止剤としてパラメトキシフェノール(0.16g)、ジラウリル酸ジブチルスズ(0.15g、昭和電工(株)製)をメチルエチルケトン(1.5g)に溶解させ添加した後、カレンズAOI(26.4g)を液温35℃から50℃となるように滴下漏斗を用いて滴下し、滴下後3時間45℃で熟成させた。
その後メタノール(9g)を添加し処理した後、さらにパラメトキシフェノール(0.16g)を加え、これをメチルイソブチルケトン(107.3g)で希釈することで目的とする重合体(A-1)の30重量%溶液を得た。
得られた重合体(A-1)は、重量平均分子量:Mw42,000、多分散指数:Mw/Mn1.9であった。重量平均分子量、多分散指数は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC、型番:アライアンス2695、ウォーターズ社製、カラム:Shodex GPC KF-804L × 2本(直列)、ガードカラム:KF-G)を用いて測定した。
紫光UV1700B(固形成分100重量%、分子量2,000、日本合成化学(株)製)30g、メチルイソブチルケトン68.5g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a’))30重量%のコーティング剤Aを得た。コーティング剤Aは、ウレタンアクリレートのモノマーを含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)75g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.5g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a))30重量%のコーティング剤Bを得た。コーティング剤Bは、(a)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)71.3g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.6g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b))30重量%のコーティング剤Cを得た。コーティング剤Cは、(a)(b)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)74.3g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.3g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Dを得た。コーティング剤Dは、(a)(c)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.3g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Eを得た。コーティング剤Eは、(a)(b)(c)成分を含む。
アクリル酸ブチル40~55重量部、アクリル酸メチル40~55重量部、酢酸ビニル1~15重量部およびカルボキシル基含有アクリル酸化物0.1~3重量部を含む共重合体であるアクリル粘着剤Aに酢酸エチル30重量部を加え、撹拌羽で30分、23℃で撹拌し、固形分23重量%、粘度1000CPSに調整した。粘着剤Aの重量平均分子量(Mw)は55万、ガラス転移温度は-16℃である。
片面に50μmのポリエチレンテレフタラート製保護フィルムを貼り合わせた熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec 49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)の熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム上に、ダイコートにより調製した粘着剤Aを塗布し、70℃×3分の条件で乾燥し、30μmの粘着層を形成させた。さらに、粘着層面上にシリコーン樹脂で剥離処理された厚さ75μmのポリエチレンテレフタラートフィルム(剥離フィルムA、表面粗さ716nm)を、ゴムローラーを用いて圧着させ、45℃の環境で1日間養生を行った。その後、50μmのポリエチレンテレフタラート製保護フィルムを引き剥がし、その面にコーティング剤CをコーティングロッドNo.8(R.D.S.Webster社製)を用いて塗布し、90℃×3分の条件で乾燥に付した。その後、フュージョン製H-Bulbを備えたコンベアー式紫外線照射装置を用いて(積算光量:850mJ/cm2)光硬化させ、塗膜厚が5μmの表面層を有する積層体1を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Eを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体2を得た。
片面に50μmのポリエチレンテレフタラート製保護フィルムを貼り合わせた熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec 49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)の熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム上に、ダイコートにより調製した粘着剤Aを塗布し、70℃×3分の条件で乾燥し、30μmの粘着層を形成させた。さらに、粘着層面上にシリコーン樹脂で剥離処理された厚さ75μmのポリエチレンテレフタラートフィルム(剥離フィルムA、表面粗さ716nm)を、ゴムローラーを用いて圧着させ、45℃の環境で1日間養生を行い、積層体3を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Aを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体4を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Bを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体5を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Dを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体6を得た。
(1)自己修復性:真鍮ブラシ傷復元性テスト
幅40mm、長さ130mmの大きさに裁断した積層体の剥離フィルムを引き剥がし、水1Lにベビーシャンプー(ベビー全身シャンプー、ジョンソン・エンド・ジョンソン製)を2~3滴混合した水溶液をスプレーにて粘着層面側、表面および自動車用黒色塗料が塗布されている塗装板(幅50mm、縦150mm、厚み1.2mm)上へ吹きつけ、積層体の粘着層面をゴム製のスキージで、気泡、水泡を押し出しながら、塗装板に貼り付けた。その後、粘着層面と塗装板に残存する気泡、水泡が目視にて無くなるまで室温で放置することでサンプルを得た。自己修復試験は、4行真鍮ブラシ(AS ONE)を用いて、試験片の表面を荷重1000kgf、速度3000mm/min、片道100mmの距離、10往復(表面性試験機 HEIDON Type:14W新東科学(株)製)擦った後、真鍮ブラシを速やかに除去して表面についた擦傷が消失するまでの時間を観察した。
○:1分以内に擦傷が消失した。
×:1分超えても擦傷が消失しなかった。
(2)撥水性:接触角測定
積層体の表面層を、プローブ液体として蒸留水(窒素・りん測定用、関東化学(株)製)を用い、接触角計(Drop Master 400、協和界面科学(株)製)を使用して、積層体の表面層の水の接触角を測定した。
(3)防汚性(撥油性):マジックインキ拭き取りテスト
積層体の表面層を黒色油性マーカー(Sharpie製)で描画し、油性インキのはじき、およびダスパーK-3(小津産業(株)製)での拭き取り性を評価した。
○:インキがはじかれ、きれいに拭き取れた。
×:拭き取れなかった。
(4)伸長性:引張試験破断伸び率
幅35mm、長さ200mmの大きさに裁断した積層体の剥離フィルムを引き剥がし、引張試験機(ストログラフVG、(株)東洋精機製作所製)の上下のクロスヘッドにチャック間距離が100mmになるように設置し、クロスヘッド速度127mm/分で上方に移動させ、目視にて表面にクラックが発生する移動距離を測定し、下記式にて破断伸び率を算出した。
破断伸び率(%)=クロスヘッド移動距離(mm)/チャック間距離(mm)×100
(5)滑り性:スキージ摺動テスト
幅40mm、長さ130mmの大きさに裁断した積層体の剥離フィルムを引き剥がし、水1Lにベビーシャンプー(ベビー全身シャンプー、ジョンソン・エンド・ジョンソン製)を2~3滴混合した水溶液をスプレーにて粘着層面側、表面および自動車用黒色塗料が塗布されている塗装板(幅50mm、縦150mm、厚み1.2mm)上へ吹きつけ、積層体の粘着層面をゴム製のスキージで、気泡、水泡を押し出しながら、塗装板に貼り付けた。
○:スムーズに貼り付けられた。
×:ひっかかりが発生した。
[製造例10:コーティング剤Fの調製]
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)74.2g、フッ素系化合物(b)0.1g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.3g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b))30重量%のコーティング剤Fを得た。コーティング剤Fは、(a)(b)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)73.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)0.8g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.3g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b))30重量%のコーティング剤Gを得た。コーティング剤Gは、(a)(b)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)69.0g、フッ素系化合物(b)5.3g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.4g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b))30重量%のコーティング剤Hを得た。コーティング剤Hは、(a)(b)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)66.8g、フッ素系化合物(b)7.5g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.4g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b))30重量%のコーティング剤Iを得た。コーティング剤Iは、(a)(b)成分を含む。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Fを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体7を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Gを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体8を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Hを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体9を得た。
コーティング剤Cのかわりにコーティング剤Iを用いる以外は積層体1と同様にして、積層体10を得た。
試験方法は≪試験1≫と同様とする。
[製造例14:コーティング剤Jの調製]
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)71.2g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)0.01g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.6g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Jを得た。コーティング剤Jは、(a)(b)(c)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)71.2g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)0.1g、メチルイソブチルケトン23.6g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Kを得た。コーティング剤Kは、(a)(b)(c)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)69.0g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)3g、メチルイソブチルケトン22.9g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Lを得た。コーティング剤Lは、(a)(b)(c)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)67.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)5g、メチルイソブチルケトン22.4g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、を0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Mを得た。コーティング剤Mは、(a)(b)(c)成分を含む。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Jを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体11を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Kを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体12を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Lを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体13を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Mを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体14を得た。
試験方法は≪試験1≫と同様とする。
[実施例11:積層体15の調製]
コーティングロッドNo.8のかわりにNo.4を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、塗膜厚3μmの積層体15を得た。
コーティングロッドNo.8のかわりにNo.16を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、塗膜厚10μmの積層体16を得た。
コーティングロッドNo.8のかわりにNo.30を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、塗膜厚20μmの積層体17を得た。
コーティングロッドNo.8のかわりにNo.55を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、塗膜厚30μmの積層体18を得た。
試験方法は≪試験1≫と同様とする。
[製造例18:コーティング剤Nの調製]
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン20.4g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、紫外線吸収剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin384-2、BASF社製、固形分95重量%)3gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Nを得た。コーティング剤Nは、(a)(b)(c)(f)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン20.4g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、光安定剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin292、BASF社製、固形分100重量%)2.8gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Oを得た。コーティング剤Oは、(a)(b)(c)(f)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン4.5g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、無機フィラー(f)(商品名:コバルトブルー、CIKナノテック社製、固形分15重量%)18.8gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Pを得た。コーティング剤Pは、(a)(b)(c)(f)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン17.6g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、紫外線吸収剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin384-2、BASF社製、固形分95重量%)3g、光安定剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin292、BASF社製、固形分100重量%)2.8gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Qを得た。コーティング剤Qは、(a)(b)(c)(f)成分を含む。
ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)70.5g、フッ素系化合物(b)3.8g、フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)1g、メチルイソブチルケトン0.1g、光重合開始剤(d)(商品名:イルガキュア184、BASF社製)1.5g、紫外線吸収剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin384-2、BASF社製、固形分95重量%)3g、光安定剤(f)(商品名:Tinuvin292、BASF社製、固形分100重量%)2.8g、無機フィラー(f)(商品名:コバルトブルー、CIKナノテック社製、固形分15重量%)18.8gを0.3Lスケールのステンレス製ボトルに加え、攪拌羽にて1時間攪拌し、固形成分(有効成分(a)(b)(c))30重量%のコーティング剤Rを得た。コーティング剤Rは、(a)(b)(c)(f)成分を含む。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Nを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体19を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Oを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体20を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Pを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体21を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Qを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体22を得た。
コーティング剤Eのかわりにコーティング剤Rを用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体23を得た。
試験方法は≪試験1≫と同様とする。
[実施例20:積層体24の調製]
熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)のかわりに熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:エスマーURS PX98、日本マタイ社製、厚み150μm)を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体24を得た。
熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)のかわりに熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:XUS2098、シーダム社製、厚み150μm)を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体25を得た。
熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)のかわりに熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:DUS451、シーダム社製、厚み150μm)を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体26を得た。
熱可塑性ポリウレタンフィルム(商品名:Argotec49510、Argotec社製、厚み6mil=152.4μm)のかわりにポリエステルフィルム(商品名:ルミラーT60、東レ社製、厚み125μm)を用いる以外は積層体2と同様にして、積層体27を得た。
試験方法は≪試験1≫と同様とする。
[製造例23:被着体Aの作成]
ポリカーボネートシート(商品名:PC1151、帝人社製、パンライト厚み:2mm、幅:70mm、長さ:150mm)の片面をサンドペーパー(#800)を用いて傷を付け、被着体Aを作成した。
幅40mm、長さ130mmの大きさに裁断した積層体2の剥離フィルムを引き剥がし、水1Lにベビーシャンプー(ベビー全身シャンプー、ジョンソン・エンド・ジョンソン製)を2~3滴混合した水溶液をスプレーにて粘着層面側、表面およびポリカーボネートシート(商品名:PC1151、帝人社製、パンライト厚み:2mm、幅:70mm、長さ:150mm)上へ吹きつけ、積層体の粘着層面をゴム製のスキージで、気泡、水泡を押し出しながら、ポリカーボネートシートに貼り付け、試験体Aを作成した。
ポリカーボネートシート(商品名:PC1151、帝人社製、パンライト厚み:2mm、幅:70mm、長さ:150mm)のかわりに被着体Aを用いる以外は実施例23と同様にして試験体Bを作成した。
(1)光学特性:全光線透過率とヘイズ
ヘイズメーター(スガ試験機Hz-2)を用いて、試料測定室内の積分球の開口側に試料押さえでセットし、全光線透過率とヘイズを測定した。(JIS K7105)
(2)耐久性:チッピング試験
簡易チッピング試験機(JNC自作)を用いて、粉砕石(7号)50gを時速40kmで衝突させ、目視にて基材の外観を確認した。基材に積層体が貼り付けている場合は、基材からフィルムを引き剥がし外観を確認した。
○:傷なし
×:傷有り
11 基材フィルム
12 表面層
13 粘着層
14 剥離フィルム
s1 表面
fc フッ素化合物
ss フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体
Claims (10)
- ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)と、フッ素系化合物(b)と、光重合開始剤(d)とを含むコーティング剤であり、
前記ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)が、10,000~800,000の重量平均分子量(Mw)を有し、
前記フッ素系化合物(b)が、少なくとも2個の重合性官能基を有する、
コーティング剤。 - 前記フッ素系化合物(b)が、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有するパーフルオロポリエーテルである、
請求項1に記載のコーティング剤。 - 前記ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)と前記フッ素系化合物(b)の合計量に対して、前記フッ素系化合物(b)を、1~9重量%含む、
請求項1または請求項2に記載のコーティング剤。 - フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)をさらに含み、
前記フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)が、少なくとも1個の重合性官能基を有する、
請求項1~請求項3のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング剤。 - 前記フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)が、かご型構造のフルオロシルセスキオキサンである、
請求項4に記載のコーティング剤。 - 前記ウレタン(メタ)アクリレート系樹脂(a)、前記フッ素系化合物(b)、前記フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)の合計量に対して、前記フルオロシルセスキオキサン誘導体(c)を、0.1~10重量%含む、
請求項4または請求項5に記載のコーティング剤。 - 請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング剤を硬化させることにより得られる、
皮膜。 - 熱可塑性ポリウレタンで形成された基材フィルムと、
前記基材フィルムの第一の面側に、請求項1~請求項6のいずれか1項に記載のコーティング剤を硬化させることにより形成した表面層とを備える、
積層体。 - 前記基材フィルムの第一の面側の反対側に粘着層と、
前記粘着層の前記基材フィルムとは反対の面上に剥離フィルムとを備え、
前記粘着層が、アクリル系、ウレタン系、ゴム系、シリコーン系から選ばれた少なくとも1つの樹脂で構成され、
前記剥離フィルムの前記粘着層に対する面に、フッ素系樹脂、シリコーン樹脂、長鎖含有カルバメートから選ばれた少なくとも1つの剥離剤が塗布された、
請求項8に記載の積層体。 - 前記剥離フィルムを剥がした、請求項8または請求項9に記載の積層体と、
前記剥離フィルムを剥がした積層体を、前記粘着層により表面に貼付した物品とを備える、
表面保護物品。
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CN107429113A (zh) | 2017-12-01 |
JP6241571B2 (ja) | 2017-12-06 |
US20180086882A1 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
TW201641630A (zh) | 2016-12-01 |
TWI697528B (zh) | 2020-07-01 |
US10513586B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
EP3279282A4 (en) | 2018-09-12 |
JPWO2016159023A1 (ja) | 2017-07-13 |
EP3279282A1 (en) | 2018-02-07 |
RU2017137626A (ru) | 2019-05-06 |
KR20170132817A (ko) | 2017-12-04 |
MX2017012451A (es) | 2018-02-15 |
RU2699632C2 (ru) | 2019-09-06 |
RU2017137626A3 (ja) | 2019-05-06 |
US20200095380A1 (en) | 2020-03-26 |
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