WO2014199706A1 - 既設管の更生方法および更生管の支持部材 - Google Patents
既設管の更生方法および更生管の支持部材 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2014199706A1 WO2014199706A1 PCT/JP2014/060020 JP2014060020W WO2014199706A1 WO 2014199706 A1 WO2014199706 A1 WO 2014199706A1 JP 2014060020 W JP2014060020 W JP 2014060020W WO 2014199706 A1 WO2014199706 A1 WO 2014199706A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- pipe
- support member
- rehabilitation
- existing pipe
- existing
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L1/00—Laying or reclaiming pipes; Repairing or joining pipes on or under water
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/06—Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/16—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders
- F16L55/162—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe
- F16L55/165—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section
- F16L55/1655—Devices for covering leaks in pipes or hoses, e.g. hose-menders from inside the pipe a pipe or flexible liner being inserted in the damaged section a pipe being formed inside the old pipe by winding strip-material
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/18—Appliances for use in repairing pipes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C63/00—Lining or sheathing, i.e. applying preformed layers or sheathings of plastics; Apparatus therefor
- B29C63/26—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces
- B29C63/30—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using sheet or web-like material
- B29C63/32—Lining or sheathing of internal surfaces using sheet or web-like material by winding helically
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E03—WATER SUPPLY; SEWERAGE
- E03F—SEWERS; CESSPOOLS
- E03F3/00—Sewer pipe-line systems
- E03F3/06—Methods of, or installations for, laying sewer pipes
- E03F2003/065—Refurbishing of sewer pipes, e.g. by coating, lining
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an existing pipe rehabilitation method and a rehabilitation pipe support member used in this rehabilitation method.
- the rehabilitation pipe is formed, for example, by winding a band-shaped member having joints on both side edges in a spiral shape within an existing pipe and joining the joints of adjacent band-shaped members.
- a backfill material such as mortar is injected into the gap between the rehabilitated pipe and the existing pipe, and the existing pipe and the rehabilitated pipe are integrated.
- buoyancy acts on the rehabilitation pipe according to its inner volume and density of the backfilling material.
- the buoyancy increases as the pipe diameter of the rehabilitation pipe increases, and the rehabilitation pipe rises and is pressed against the inner surface of the existing pipe, causing the circular cross-sectional shape to collapse and deform into an elliptical shape. If the rehabilitation pipe is deformed into an elliptical shape, the drainage gradient is changed, the drainage capacity is lowered, and the strength of the rehabilitation pipe is lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, for example, there has been a need to prevent deformation of the rehabilitating pipe by installing a plurality of support devices as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 at intervals inside the rehabilitating pipe.
- this type of support device includes a plurality of support materials 111 that are fixed inside the rehabilitation pipe 102 and support the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- a plurality of support devices 110 are installed in the rehabilitated pipe 102 with an interval in the pipe axis direction.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is provided with a columnar support material 111 extending in the vertical direction.
- a through hole for attaching the support material 111 is formed through the top of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- all the plurality of support devices 110 that have been installed are disassembled and removed.
- a concave hole (support hole) of the withdrawal trace of the support material 111 is formed at the top of the inner surface of the rehabilitation pipe 102, which must be closed.
- Patent Document 3 proposes that a spacer is installed over the entire length of the existing pipe at the top of the existing pipe, and a backfilling material is injected into the gap between the existing pipe and the renovated pipe through the gap formed by the spacer. ing.
- the spacer disclosed in Patent Document 3 is intended to ensure an injection path for the backfill material.
- the rehabilitation pipe is pressed against the spacer, and the cross-sectional shape is not circular but deformed into an elliptical shape.
- the spacer is fixed by driving anchor bolts into the existing pipe.
- the aging existing pipe may have a reduced thickness due to corrosion or the like, and the spacer may not be sufficiently fixed.
- the anchor bolt may not be driven into the existing pipe. Even if the spacer can be fixed by the anchor bolt, the fixing work requires a lot of time and the working efficiency is also poor.
- the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and the object of the present invention is that the rehabilitation pipe may be deformed by the buoyancy acting on the rehabilitation pipe when the backfill material is injected. Elevate the surface and maintain the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitated pipe formed in the existing pipe in an appropriate circular shape, so that the rehabilitated pipe has sufficient strength and drainage capacity and is efficient in a short time.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an existing pipe rehabilitation method and a rehabilitation pipe support member which can work well.
- the solution of the present invention for achieving the above object is based on a method for rehabilitating an existing pipe formed by forming a rehabilitation pipe in the existing pipe.
- a plurality of support members are installed in the existing pipe.
- the support member includes an arc-shaped plate having an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the rehabilitated pipe, and the arc-shaped plate is disposed on at least the upper half of the inner surface of the existing pipe to fix the support member.
- the side edge of the following belt-like member is guided from the inner peripheral side to the side edge of the preceding belt-like member, and joined to each other, to the arc plate
- a rehabilitation tube is formed while inscribed.
- a backfilling material is filled in the gap between the rehabilitated tube and the existing tube with at least the left and right outer surfaces of the rehabilitated tube held by the arcuate plate. It is characterized by.
- the plurality of support members are installed at set intervals in the axial direction of the existing pipe.
- the backfill material is injected and cured stepwise into a lower part, an intermediate part, and an upper part of the gap between the rehabilitated pipe and the existing pipe.
- the rehabilitation pipe support member used in the above-described existing pipe rehabilitation method is also within the scope of the technical idea of the present invention.
- an arcuate plate having an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the rehabilitation pipe and having a circumference equal to or greater than a half circumference of the rehabilitation pipe, and an outer surface of the arcuate plate along the axial direction And a plurality of protruding portions that are erected.
- the plurality of protrusions are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the arcuate plate, and are disposed at least on the right side and the left side when viewed from the axial direction.
- the rehabilitation pipe is formed by joining the side edge of the following band-like member from the inner peripheral side to the side edge of the preceding band-like member while spirally winding the long band-like member within the existing pipe. Is done.
- the arc-shaped plate is fixed to the upper half of the existing pipe to hold the upper half of the rehabilitation pipe, and is configured to keep a constant distance between the inner surface of the existing pipe and the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe.
- the support member holds the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe and the rehabilitation pipe is deformed. To prevent rising.
- the protrusion of the support member keeps the gap between the inner surface of the existing pipe and the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe constant, and maintains a gap for injecting the backfill material. Further, the installation work of the support member can be completed very easily and can be stably fixed to the inner surface of any existing pipe, so that the work efficiency is high and the construction period can be shortened.
- the protrusion has a radial rib that defines an interval between the inner surface of the existing pipe and the outer surface of the rehabilitated pipe, and a contact portion that is provided at an edge of the radial rib and contacts the inner surface of the existing pipe.
- the constituent members of the protrusions can be shared, and it is possible to adjust the height of the radial ribs or change the shape of the contact portion based on the outer diameter and the arrangement position of the rehabilitation pipe.
- the support member is separable from the arc-shaped plate and the protruding portion, and can be assembled by connecting a necessary number of protruding portions to the arc-shaped plate.
- the support member may be formed by connecting the protrusion to the arcuate plate in advance, and after placing the arcuate plate on the upper half of the front end side of the formed rehabilitation pipe, the protrusion is attached to the arcuate plate. It may be connected to form a support member.
- the protrusion may include an adjustment member that adjusts a gap between the inner surface of the existing pipe and the outer surface of the arc-shaped plate.
- an adjustment member for adjusting the peripheral length of the support member is provided at the edge of the arc-shaped plate.
- the support member may include a band having an outer diameter corresponding to an inner diameter of the existing pipe and having a peripheral length of a lower half of the existing pipe, and the band is a rim portion of the arc-shaped plate. Further, it is preferable that the circumference of the band is connected so as to be adjustable. Also by this, the circumference of a band can be adjusted and a support member can be installed in an existing pipe much more stably.
- the arc-shaped plate may be divided into at least a portion corresponding to the top portion of the rehabilitation pipe and a portion corresponding to the side portion, and the portion corresponding to the side portion corresponds to the portion corresponding to the top portion. It is preferable that they are connected to each other and can be fixed at an arbitrary rotation position.
- the part corresponding to the side part is slightly raised and fixed with respect to the part corresponding to the top part, and it can be installed in the upper half part of the existing pipe while being elastically deformed. Therefore, the restoring force due to the elastic deformation of the portion corresponding to the side portion can press the inner surface of the existing pipe and can stably fix the support member.
- the arc-shaped plate comes into contact with at least the upper half of the rehabilitated pipe, and through the protrusion with respect to the existing pipe. It is supported and maintains a distance from the inner peripheral surface of the existing pipe.
- the support member holds the rehabilitation pipe so that the right and left outer surfaces are sandwiched when viewed from the axial direction.
- the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation pipe can be maintained in an appropriate circular shape without being lifted or lifted.
- rehabilitation work can be efficiently performed for any existing pipe in a short time, and the number of days required for the entire process can be greatly reduced, and
- the rehabilitated pipe line can be provided with sufficient strength and drainage capacity.
- the rehabilitation pipe is prevented from rising or deforming due to buoyancy acting on the rehabilitation pipe, and the rehabilitation work is carried out while maintaining an appropriate cross-sectional shape. be able to.
- the support member can be installed in a short time by an extremely simple operation, does not require a removal operation, and can greatly shorten the construction period.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a rehabilitation pipe support member according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing one step of a method for rehabilitating an existing pipe using the support member, as seen from the front direction of the rehabilitated pipe.
- FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing one step of the existing pipe rehabilitation method as seen from the side of the rehabilitation pipe.
- FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an existing pipe rehabilitated by the existing pipe rehabilitation method.
- FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a backfilling material injection process in the existing pipe rehabilitation method.
- FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the days required for work between the rehabilitation method of the present invention and the conventional rehabilitation method.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B show a modification of the support member according to the first embodiment
- FIG. 7A is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows the point.
- FIGS. 8A and 8B show a support member according to the second embodiment
- FIG. 8A is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. 8B is A in FIG. It is the elements on larger scale of a part.
- 9 (a) to 9 (c) are explanatory views showing each step of the existing pipe rehabilitation method using the support member shown in FIG. 10 (a) to 10 (c) show a support member according to Embodiment 3
- FIG. 10 (a) is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. 10 (b) is a view of B in FIG. 10 (a).
- FIG. 10 (a) is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. 10 (b) is a view of B in FIG. 10 (a).
- FIG. 10 (a) is a perspective view of the
- FIG. 10C is a partially enlarged view of a portion C in FIG. 10A.
- 11 (a) and 11 (b) show a modification of the support member according to Embodiment 3
- FIG. 11 (a) is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. 11 (b) is a side view of the support member.
- FIG. 12 (a) and 12 (b) show a support member according to Embodiment 4
- FIG. 12 (a) is a perspective view of the support member
- FIG. 12 (b) is D in FIG. 12 (a). It is the elements on larger scale of a part.
- FIG. 13 is a perspective view illustrating a support member according to the fifth embodiment.
- FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a support member according to another embodiment.
- FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a method for rehabilitating an existing pipe using the support member of FIG.
- FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a support member and a method for rehabilitating an existing pipe according to still another embodiment. It is a front view which shows an example of the pipe making machine used in the rehabilitation method of the existing pipe
- the rehabilitating pipe support member 1 includes an arc-shaped plate 2 and a protruding portion 3 erected on the outer surface of the arc-shaped plate 2.
- the arc-shaped plate 2 is formed in a substantially semicircular cross section having a larger curvature than the inner surface of the existing pipe 101.
- the arc-shaped plate 2 has an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the rehabilitated pipe 102 and is formed of a steel plate or the like having a circumferential length equal to or greater than a half circumference of the outer circumferential length of the rehabilitated pipe 102.
- the arcuate plate 2 of the support member 1 is disposed in the upper half of the inner surface of the existing pipe 101.
- a plurality of protrusions 3 are provided on the outer surface of the arc-shaped plate 2 along the axial direction.
- the protrusions 3 are provided at intervals in the circumferential direction of the arc-shaped plate 2, and are arranged at least on the right side and the left side when viewed from the axial direction.
- the plurality of protrusions 3 are arranged at locations including the 3 o'clock position and the 9 o'clock position on the outer periphery of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- the plurality of protrusions 3 are located at the top at 12 o'clock with respect to the substantially circular outer surface of the rehabilitation tube 102. As shown in FIG. 1, the positions are approximately corresponding to the 3 o'clock position, the 1:30 position, the 12 o'clock position, the 10:30 position, and the 9 o'clock position. These protrusions 3 are equally disposed at positions that are symmetrical when the substantially circular cross section of the rehabilitation tube 102 is viewed from the front.
- the protrusion 3 includes a strip-shaped radial rib 31 and a contact portion 32 provided at an edge along the longitudinal direction of the radial rib 31.
- the radial ribs 31 are formed of a long plate-shaped steel plate or the like, and are erected radially with respect to the axis of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- the height of the radial ribs 31 is set based on the inner diameter of the existing pipe 101 and the outer diameter of the rehabilitated pipe 102 or the arrangement position with respect to the arcuate plate 2.
- the contact part 32 is a part which contacts the inner surface of the existing pipe 101, and is formed of a steel pipe or a steel bar having a circular cross section or a rectangle.
- the support member 1 holds the upper half of the rehabilitation pipe 102 with the arc-shaped plate 2 fixed to the upper half of the existing pipe 101.
- the arc-shaped plate 2 is supported on the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 via a plurality of protrusions 3, and particularly on the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 via the protrusions 3 disposed at the 3 o'clock position and the 9 o'clock position. Fixed to the upper half.
- the support member 1 has the effect
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is formed in the existing pipe 101 using a pipe making machine 105 as illustrated in FIG.
- the pipe making machine 105 includes a plurality of link bodies 106 connected to each other, one roller 107 for joining the side edges of the band-shaped member 103, and the band-shaped member 103 facing the roller 107 from the inner peripheral side. And a pinch roller 109 to be supplied.
- the long belt-like member 103 is spirally wound by the pipe making machine 105. In the process, the side edge of the belt member 103 that follows the side edge of the belt member 103 is guided from the inner peripheral side, and the joint of the belt member 103 that follows the joint of the belt member 103 is preceded. Are fitted from the inner surface side, and the belt-like member 103 is sequentially tubular.
- the band-like member 103 is continuously provided with a metal reinforcing material along the longitudinal direction.
- the reinforcing material is formed by bending a strip-shaped steel plate into a substantially W-shaped cross section, and is fitted between the ribs of the strip-shaped member 103. Thereby, the strength and rigidity of the rehabilitation pipe 102 to be formed are increased.
- a plurality of support members 1 are installed in the existing pipe 101. As shown in FIG. 3, the plurality of support members 1 are installed at set intervals in the axial direction of the existing pipe 101.
- the installation interval depends on the diameter of the rehabilitated tube 102, for example, when the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1 has a length of 500 mm in the axial direction, the interval between the support members 1 is set to 500 mm. That is, the supporting member 1 is installed at a ratio of 1 to the axial length 1 m of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- the plurality of support members 1 can be effectively arranged, and the labor and time required for installation can be suppressed.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 can be prevented from bulging or deforming between the adjacent support members 1 even when the backfill material 104 is injected.
- the pipe making machine 105 is assembled in the existing pipe 101.
- the belt-like member 103 is drawn into the existing pipe 101 and supplied to the pipe making machine 105 to drive the pipe making machine 105.
- the pipe making machine 105 revolves around the axis of the existing pipe 101 and winds the belt-like member 103 spirally. By winding, the joining portions of the adjacent belt-like members 103 are joined to each other, and the rehabilitating tube 102 is formed while being inscribed in the arc-like plate 2 of the support member 1. Further, the subsequent strip member 103 is sequentially supplied to the top of the rehabilitation pipe 102, and the rehabilitation pipe 102 is additionally formed.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is left in the existing pipe 101 without rotating. Therefore, each part of the support member 1 does not cause frictional resistance with the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe 102, and does not shift or move.
- the support member 1 is fixed in the existing pipe 101 and is stably disposed in the upper half of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- the rehabilitating tube 102 is formed while its upper half is inscribed in the arc-shaped plate 2 and is arranged in a state of being held by the support member 1.
- the arcuate plate 2 comes into contact with the upper half of the rehabilitated pipe 102 and contacts over the half circumference of the circumference of the rehabilitated pipe 102.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is supported in the existing pipe 101 via the support member 1 and maintains a constant distance from the inner surface of the existing pipe 101.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is formed over the entire length of the rehabilitation section of the existing pipe 101. After the rehabilitation pipe 102 is formed, both ends of the rehabilitation section of the existing pipe 101 are closed. As shown in FIG. 4, a backfilling material 104 such as mortar is injected and filled into the gap between the inner surface of the existing tube 101 and the outer surface of the rehabilitated tube 102. When the backfill material 104 is cured, the existing pipe 101 and the renovated pipe 102 are integrated, and the existing pipe 101 can be rehabilitated.
- a backfilling material 104 such as mortar is injected and filled into the gap between the inner surface of the existing tube 101 and the outer surface of the rehabilitated tube 102.
- the rehabilitating tube 102 contacts the arcuate plate 2 of the support member 1 over approximately half of the outer periphery, and this arcuate plate 2 is connected to the upper half of the rehabilitating tube 102 via the protrusion 3. It is supported by.
- the arcuate plate 2 is arranged so as to sandwich the left and right outer faces (side faces in the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock directions) of the rehabilitation pipe 102 when the rehabilitation pipe 102 is viewed from the pipe axis direction.
- the backfill material 104 can be injected and filled in the gap while keeping the outer shape of the rehabilitation pipe 102 in a constant shape without being deformed. Therefore, the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation tube 102 can be formed in an appropriate circular shape.
- the rehabilitating tube 102 having an appropriate cross-sectional shape exhibits a high strength and has a high durability, which is very preferable.
- the backfill material 104 may be injected and cured stepwise into the lower part, the middle part, and the upper part of the gap between the rehabilitated pipe 102 and the existing pipe 101.
- the backfilling material 104 injected into the lower part is cured, the lower part of the rehabilitation pipe 102 is fixed to the existing pipe 101, and the upper half of the rehabilitation pipe 102 is sandwiched by the support member 1 while maintaining an appropriate cross-sectional shape. , Retained. Thereafter, the rehabilitation tube 102 is more stably fixed by the backfill material 104 injected into the intermediate portion.
- the support member 1 does not need to be removed and can be embedded in the existing pipe 101 as it is.
- the backfilling material 104 is cured while the support member 1 stably supports the rehabilitation tube 102.
- the support member 1 is integrated with the upper half of the rehabilitation pipe 102. Since the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1 is integrally fixed to the outer surface of the rehabilitating pipe 102, the rigidity of the rehabilitating pipe 102 can be increased and a pipe line having sufficient strength can be formed.
- the support member 1 does not require time-consuming work such as driving anchor bolts or the like into the existing pipe 101. Therefore, the support member 1 can be fixed very easily and stably.
- the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 is damaged by corrosion or the like, or the thickness is reduced.
- the supporting member 1 should be installed with good workability on any inner surface of the existing pipe 101. Can do.
- the existing pipe rehabilitation method described above can significantly shorten the construction period compared to the conventional rehabilitation method. Since the support member 1 can be installed on the existing pipe 101 by an extremely simple operation, it can be installed in a short period of time before the renovated pipe 102 is manufactured. Moreover, since the rehabilitation pipe
- the operator when manufacturing the renovated pipe 102, the operator may be positioned in front of the regenerated pipe 102 in the pipe forming direction and install the support member 1 in parallel with the pipe forming work.
- the plurality of support members 1 may be installed not only at intervals in the tube axis direction, but also by continuously placing the arcuate plates 2 against each other.
- FIGS. 7A and 7B show a modification of the support member 1 according to the first embodiment.
- the support member 1 is not formed in advance in the shape of the support member 1 shown in FIG. 1, but can be appropriately assembled and installed in the existing pipe 101.
- the support member 1 can be assembled by connecting a plurality of protrusions 3 to the arcuate plate 2.
- the support member 1 is provided with a connecting portion 33 at the lower end portion of the radial rib 31 of the protruding portion 3 as shown in FIG.
- the arcuate plate 2 is formed with a notch 2a into which the connecting portion 33 can be fitted.
- the connecting portion 33 of the protruding portion 3 is inserted into the notch portion 2a at a required location on the outer surface of the arc-shaped plate 2, and the arc-shaped plate 2 and the protruding portion 3 are coupled.
- the support member 1 can be easily assembled.
- the support member 1 can be easily disassembled into the arcuate plate 2 and the protrusion 3.
- the number of the protrusions 3 can be increased or decreased, or the arrangement form can be changed.
- the support member 1 can be stably installed by a simple operation as in the first embodiment, and the renovation operation can be performed in a short period of time.
- connection part 33 and the notch part 2a are provided in consideration of the lead angle of the strip member 103 so as to be located between the ribs of the strip member 103 constituting the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B show the support member 1 according to the second embodiment.
- the support member 1 further includes a length adjusting member 6.
- the adjustment member 6 is provided evenly at the edge of the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1.
- the length adjusting member 6 is formed by screwing a long nut 62 to a bolt 61 welded to the edge of the arcuate plate 2.
- the adjustment member 6 is disposed at a position corresponding to the left and right outer surfaces when viewed in the tube axis direction with respect to the rehabilitated tube 102.
- the support member 1 In order to install the support member 1 on the existing pipe 101, the support member 1 is applied so that the contact portion 32 at the top (position at 12 o'clock) of the arc-shaped plate 2 faces the top of the existing pipe 101.
- the long nut 62 is loosened with respect to the bolt 61 of the length adjusting member 6.
- the tip of the long nut 62 contacts the inner surface of the lower half of the existing pipe 101, and the support member 1 is supported by the existing pipe 101.
- the arcuate plate 2 is pushed up with respect to the existing pipe 101 via the length adjusting member 6, and the contact portion 32 of the protrusion 3 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the existing pipe 101. For this reason, it is possible to stably install any supporting pipe 101 without dropping the supporting member 1.
- FIG. 9A As a method for rehabilitating existing pipes, as shown in FIG. 9A, a plurality of support members 1 are installed in the existing pipe 101 at set intervals. Next, the pipe making machine 105 is assembled in the existing pipe 101 and the pipe making machine 105 is driven to form the rehabilitated pipe 102. As shown in FIG. 9B, the outer diameter of the rehabilitated pipe 102 matches the inner diameter of the arcuate plate 2 of the support member 1 installed on the existing pipe 101.
- both ends of the rehabilitated section are closed and the backfill material 104 is injected as shown in FIG. Due to the curing of the backfill material 104, the renovated pipe 102 and the existing pipe 101 are integrated, and the existing pipe 101 can be rehabilitated.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 By injecting the backfill material 104, buoyancy acts on the rehabilitation pipe 102 and attempts to lift it upward.
- the support member 1 since the support member 1 is installed on the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe 102, the rehabilitation pipe 102 is supported by the support member 1. In addition, it is generally held from the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock directions, and is fixed without almost rising.
- the arc-like plate 2 of the support member 1 contacts the upper half of the rehabilitated pipe 102 over the circumference of the circumference, and the distance from the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 is properly maintained. For this reason, the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation pipe
- the support member 1 can be installed on the existing pipe 101 without using an anchor bolt or the like. Therefore, the support member 1 can be installed by a simple operation, and even if the existing pipe 101 is reduced in thickness or damaged, it can be securely attached. In addition, the installation work of the support member 1 can be performed in parallel with the pipe making work of the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- FIG. 10A to FIG. 10C show the support member 1 according to the third embodiment.
- the support member 1 has a plurality of bands 7 having an outer diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the existing pipe 101 and having a circumference corresponding to the lower half of the existing pipe 101.
- the plurality of bands 7 are equally arranged on the edge of the arcuate plate 2.
- Each band 7 has one end portion rotatably connected to the edge portion of the arcuate plate 2 via a hinge 71.
- the other end of the band 7 includes an adjustment mechanism 8.
- the adjusting mechanism 8 connects the other end of the arcuate plate 2 and the other end of the band 7.
- the adjusting mechanism 8 is connected so that the circumference of the band 7 can be adjusted.
- the adjusting mechanism 8 has a nut 81 fixed to the arc-shaped plate 2 and the band 7 and a bolt 82 screwed to the nut 81, respectively.
- the nut 81 is formed with female threads that are reverse to each other.
- the bolt 82 has a male screw of a reverse screw formed at one end and the other end corresponding to the nut 81 of the reverse screw.
- the bolt 82 of the adjustment mechanism 8 is operated in a state where the contact portion 32 of the protrusion 3 corresponding to the pipe top of the existing pipe 101 is in contact with the existing pipe 101. Thereby, the space
- the circumference of the band 7 is enlarged, the band 7 is brought into contact with the inner surface of the lower half of the existing pipe 101, and the support member 1 is supported while being pushed up.
- the bolt 82 is rotated to push up the arcuate plate 2 through the band 7 supported on the inner surface of the lower half of the existing pipe 101. Thereby, the protrusion part 3 can be made to contact the inner surface of the upper half part of the existing pipe
- buoyancy acts on the rehabilitation pipe 102 by injection of the backfill material 104, but the rehabilitation pipe 102 is almost lifted by the support member 1 being installed and the arcuate plate 2 holding the rehabilitation pipe 102. There is nothing.
- the rehabilitating tube 102 can be held in an appropriate circular cross-sectional shape by the support member 1.
- FIG. 11A and FIG. 11B show a modified example of the support member 1 according to the third embodiment.
- the configuration for adjusting the circumference of the band 7 is not limited to the adjustment mechanism 8 described above. As shown in FIG. 11A, the band 7 may be configured so that the peripheral length of the support member 1 can be adjusted.
- the two bands 7 are evenly arranged on the edge of the arc-shaped plate 2 and both ends are connected to each other.
- One end of the band 7 is directly connected to the edge of the arcuate plate 2.
- the other end of the band 7 is connected to the connecting position of the one end of the band 7 by moving in the axial direction when viewed from the side of the support member 1. .
- the circumferential position of the band 7 is changed by changing the connecting position of the other end of the band 7 to a position overlapping with the connecting position of the one end as viewed from the side, for example. Can be adjusted to enlarge.
- the connecting portions at both ends may be formed to be rotatable at the edge of the arcuate plate 2 while the connecting position of the band 7 is fixed.
- the band 7 is rotated and carried in a state of being refracted with respect to the arcuate plate 2, and the band 7 is rotated at a predetermined installation location to return to the original state. return.
- the connection angle can be changed so as to contact the inner surface of the lower half of the existing pipe 101. Thereby, the supporting member 1 can be installed easily.
- FIG. 12A and FIG. 12B show the support member 1 according to the fourth embodiment.
- This support member 1 has an arc-shaped plate 2 formed of a plurality of members. That is, the arcuate plate 2 includes a top portion 21 corresponding to a portion including the top portion of the rehabilitation pipe 102 and a side portion 22 that is rotatably connected to the top portion 21.
- the side portion 22 corresponds to a portion including the side portion of the rehabilitated tube 102 and is rotatably connected via the connecting mechanism 9.
- the connecting mechanism 9 can fix each side portion 22 to an arbitrary rotation position with respect to the top portion 21.
- a guide 91 provided with a set screw 911 is fixed to the top portion 21.
- the side portion 22 is provided with a pin 92 that can be inserted into the guide 91 of the top portion 21.
- the pin 92 of each side portion 22 is inserted into the guide 91 of the top portion 21, and a retaining stopper 93 is fixed to the tip of the pin 92.
- each side part 22 can be connected with respect to the top part 21 so that rotation is possible.
- the side portions 22 are turned up slightly with respect to the top portion 21, and a set screw 911 is screwed in this state. Thereby, the rotation of the pin 92, that is, the rotation of the side portion 22 can be restricted.
- the support member 1 is assembled in a state where the side portions 22 are slightly flipped up with respect to the top portion 21. Thereafter, each side 22 is elastically deformed and installed on the inner surface of the upper half of the existing pipe 101 so that each side 22 forms a continuous curvature with respect to the top 21. Thereby, since each side part 22 presses the side part inner surface of the existing pipe
- FIG. The top portion 21 and the two side portions 22 have an inner diameter corresponding to the outer diameter of the rehabilitated tube 102 and are formed to have a continuous radius of curvature, and maintain a distance from the inner surface of the existing tube 101. .
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is provided by the support member 1 being installed between the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 and the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe 102. 102 is held without being lifted.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is formed in an appropriate circular cross-sectional shape, has sufficient strength, and rehabilitates the inner surface of the existing pipe 101.
- FIG. 13 shows the support member 1 according to the fifth embodiment.
- the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 may be corroded by the action of hydrogen sulfide generated from the sewage.
- the corrosion of the existing pipe 101 is particularly prominent at the upper half of the inner surface of the existing pipe 101, such as the top and the diagonally upper part, thereby reducing the thickness of the existing pipe 101.
- an adjustment member 4 for a gap between the existing pipe 101 and the rehabilitated pipe 102 is attached to the protrusion 3.
- the adjustment member 4 is formed by bending a metal band plate material into a groove shape, and a contact portion 41 that contacts the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 and two support portions that support the contact portion 41 on the arc-shaped plate 2. 42.
- the interval between the two support portions 42 is formed smaller than the outer diameter of the contact portion 32 of the protrusion 3.
- the support member 1 has a plurality of protrusions 3.
- the adjustment member 4 is fitted into these protrusions 3 and fixed. Since the interval between the two support portions 42 of the adjustment member 4 is smaller than the outer diameter of the contact portion 32, the adjustment member 4 is fitted so as to widen the interval. Thereby, the support part 42 circumscribes
- the gap adjusting member 4 is formed in a plurality of sizes. Even in the upper half of the inner surface of the existing pipe 101, the reduction in the thickness of the existing pipe 101 tends to be remarkable particularly at the top and in the vicinity of the top. Further, the corrosion situation varies depending on the location of the existing pipe 101 in the pipe axis direction. Therefore, the adjustment member 4 having a required size is selected according to the state of corrosion of the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 and is used by being attached to the protrusion 3.
- a plurality of types of adjustment members 4 are prepared as illustrated in the example, in which the width dimension of the support part 42 (distance dimension from the outer surface of the attached arc-shaped plate 2 to the contact part 41) is different.
- the width dimension of the support portion 42 is formed with a plurality of types of dimensions such as 5 mm, 10 mm, 15 mm, and 20 mm.
- the adjustment member 4 having a size necessary for supplementing the thickness of the corroded existing pipe 101 is selected and attached to the protrusion 3.
- the adjustment member 4 having a 20 mm support portion 42 is attached to the protrusion 3 at the 12 o'clock position.
- the adjustment member 4 having a support portion 42 of 15 mm is attached to the protrusion 3 at the position of 1:30 and 10:30.
- the adjustment member 4 having a support portion 42 of 5 mm is attached to the protrusion 3 at the 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock positions.
- the support member 1 is not directly arranged on the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 in a state where the thickness is reduced, but the adjustment member 4 is attached in this way and installed on the existing pipe 101. Thereby, the gap between the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1 and the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 is adjusted by the adjustment member 4. The decrease in the thickness of the existing pipe 101 is compensated by the size of the adjustment member 4, and the support member 1 can be installed in correspondence with an appropriate position where the rehabilitation pipe 102 should be arranged.
- the state of corrosion inside the pipe is investigated in advance. Thereby, the necessity of the gap adjustment member 4 is determined for each of the plurality of support members 1 to be arranged, and the necessary adjustment member 4 is selected to correspond to the corrosion state of the existing pipe 101.
- the support member 1 is installed over the rehabilitated section of the existing pipe 101 and the rehabilitated pipe 102 is manufactured, the backfill material 104 is injected as described above. Due to the curing of the backfill material 104, the renovated pipe 102 and the existing pipe 101 are integrated, and the existing pipe 101 can be rehabilitated. The portion where the thickness of the existing pipe 101 is reduced is also filled with the back-filling material 104 and renewed uniformly.
- buoyancy acts on the rehabilitation pipe 102.
- the support member 1 is installed on the outer surface of the rehabilitation pipe 102, the ascent is prevented, and the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation pipe 102 is set appropriately. It can be maintained in a circular shape.
- the rehabilitation method for the existing pipe and the support member 1 for the rehabilitation pipe according to the present invention can efficiently perform the rehabilitation work on any existing pipe 101 in a short time, which is necessary for the entire process.
- the number of days can be greatly reduced.
- the support member 1 is held including the left and right outer surfaces of the rehabilitated tube 102 when viewed from the tube axis direction, and is sandwiched at least from the direction of 3 o'clock and 9 o'clock. It effectively prevents the rehabilitation pipe 102 from rising or deforming, and maintains an appropriate cross-sectional shape. Therefore, sufficient strength and drainage capacity can be provided in the pipeline after rehabilitation. Further, as described above, the support member 1 can be installed on the existing pipe 101 in a very short time by a very simple work, and no post-process such as a removal work is required, so that the construction period can be greatly shortened. be able to.
- the projection 3 is placed on the arcuate plate 2 of the support member 1 at approximately the 3 o'clock position, 1:30 position, 12 o'clock position, 10:30 position, and 9 o'clock position.
- the present invention is not limited to such a form, and the protrusions 3 can be provided at various positions in consideration of the diameter of the rehabilitation pipe 102 and the like. Further, as long as the support member 1 is provided with the protrusions 3 on at least the right side and the left side when viewed from the axial direction on the arc-shaped plate 2, the protrusions 3 do not necessarily have to be provided at other positions.
- each part which comprises the supporting member 1 is not only formed with metal-type materials, such as a steel plate or an iron plate, but may be formed from what kind of material, if it is a material which has required intensity
- the support member 1 may be formed.
- the support member 1 is installed and used at a location where the gradient of the existing pipe 101 changes.
- the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1 is formed to have a longer peripheral length than the arc-shaped plate 2 of the first embodiment.
- the arc-like plate 2 is formed so that both end edges extend symmetrically downward when viewed from the axial direction, and include approximately the 4 o'clock position and the 8 o'clock position.
- the plurality of protrusions 3 are all formed with the same protrusion amount.
- the support member 1 shown in FIG. 14 is installed at a location where the gradient changes.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is formed while inscribed in the arc-shaped plate 2 of the support member 1, and is formed in a state of floating from the bottom of the existing pipe 101.
- the existing pipe 101 can be formed with a gentle gradient before and after the portion where the gradient of the existing pipe 101 changes without causing excessive deformation of the existing pipe 101, and the change in the gradient can be allowed.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 is manufactured, the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation pipe 102 is maintained in an appropriate circular shape even at a location where the gradient changes by filling the backfill material 104 as shown in FIG.
- the existing pipe 101 can be rehabilitated.
- the rehabilitating pipe 102 may be formed by installing the supporting member 1 shown in FIG. 16 at a location where the gradient of the existing pipe 101 changes.
- the support member 1 has an arc-shaped plate 2 having a substantially semicircular cross section, and a plurality of protrusions 3 are formed with the same protruding amount.
- the support member 1 is installed in the upper half of the inner surface of the existing pipe 101 at a location where the gradient of the existing pipe 101 changes.
- the rehabilitating tube 102 is formed in contact with the bottom of the existing tube 101, but by injecting the backfill material 104, the rehabilitating tube 102 at that location rises and is in contact with the arcuate plate 2.
- the existing pipe 101 can be rehabilitated in a state where the cross-sectional shape of the rehabilitation pipe 102 is maintained in an appropriate circular shape even at a location where the gradient changes.
- the rehabilitation method in the state where the bottom of the rehabilitating pipe 102 is in contact with the bottom of the existing pipe 101 is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this.
- the bottom portion of the rehabilitated tube 102 may be supported at a position where the set height is raised from the bottom portion of the existing tube 101.
- the rehabilitation pipe 102 may be supported at a position where the axis of the rehabilitation pipe 102 coincides with the axis of the existing pipe 101. In these cases, the rehabilitation pipe 102 is supported through the support member 1 and the rehabilitation pipe 102 is maintained in a proper circular shape so that the rehabilitation work of the existing pipe can be efficiently advanced. it can.
- the backfilling material 104 wraps around between the ribs of the belt-like member 103 wound spirally, and is reliably filled.
- a large number of holes may be formed in the arc-shaped plate 2 or a perforated plate such as a punching metal may be used for the arc-shaped plate 2, and the backfilling material 104 is more reliably injected between the ribs of the band-shaped member 103. be able to.
- the pipe making machine for forming the rehabilitation pipe is not limited to the pipe making machine 105 illustrated in FIG. 17, and the long band member 103 is spirally wound while the preceding band member 103 is wound. Any pipe making machine may be used as long as the side edge of the band-like member 103 that follows the side edge is guided from the inner peripheral side and joined to each other.
- the present invention can be suitably used for efficiently rehabilitating aging existing pipes in a short period of time.
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Abstract
Description
更生管の支持部材1は、弧状板2と、弧状板2の外面に立設された突起部3とを備えている。図1に示すように、弧状板2は、既設管101の内面よりも大きい曲率を有する断面略半円形状に形成されている。また、弧状板2は、更生管102の外径に対応する内径を有し、更生管102の外周長の半周以上の周長を有する鋼板等により形成されている。支持部材1の弧状板2は、既設管101の内面の上半部に配設される。
図8(a)および図8(b)は、実施形態2に係る支持部材1を示す。
図10(a)~図10(c)は、実施形態3に係る支持部材1を示す。
図12(a)および図12(b)は、実施形態4に係る支持部材1を示す。
図13は、実施形態5に係る支持部材1を示す。
2 弧状板
3 突起部
31 放射状リブ
32 接触部
4 間隙の調整部材
6 長さ調整部材
7 バンド
8 調整機構
9 連結機構
101 既設管
102 更生管
103 帯状部材
104 裏込め材
105 製管機
Claims (11)
- 既設管内に更生管を形成して行う既設管の更生方法であって、
既設管内に、複数の支持部材を設置し、
前記支持部材は、更生管の外径に対応する内径を有する弧状板を備えており、この弧状板を既設管の内面の少なくとも上半部に配置して支持部材を固定し、
長尺の帯状部材を螺旋状に巻回しつつ、先行する帯状部材の側縁部に対して後続する帯状部材の側縁部を内周側から導いて相互に接合し、前記弧状板に内接させながら更生管を形成し、
前記更生管の管軸方向から見て該更生管の少なくとも左右の外側面を前記弧状板に保持させた状態で、前記更生管と既設管との間隙に裏込め材を充填することを特徴とする既設管の更生方法。 - 請求項1に記載の既設管の更生方法であって、
前記複数の支持部材を、既設管の軸方向に設定間隔をおいて設置することを特徴とする既設管の更生方法。 - 請求項1または2に記載の既設管の更生方法であって、
前記更生管を形成するのに先立って、既設管内に前記複数の支持部材を設置することを特徴とする既設管の更生方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の既設管の更生方法であって、
前記裏込め材を、前記更生管と既設管との間の間隙の下方部、中間部、および上方部へと、段階的に注入し硬化させることを特徴とする既設管の更生方法。 - 更生管の支持部材であって、
更生管の外径に対応する内径を有して、更生管の外周長の半周以上の周長を有する弧状板と、
前記弧状板の外面に、軸方向に沿って立設される複数の突起部とを備え、
前記複数の突起部は、前記弧状板の周方向に間隔をおいて設けられ、軸方向から見て少なくとも右側と左側とに配置され、
前記更生管は、既設管内で、長尺の帯状部材を螺旋状に巻回しつつ、先行する帯状部材の側縁部に対して後続する帯状部材の側縁部を内周側から接合して形成されるものであり、
前記弧状板は既設管内の上部側に固定されて更生管を保持し、既設管の内面と更生管の外面との間隔を一定に保つことを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記突起部は、既設管の内面と更生管の外面との間隔を規定する放射状リブと、前記放射状リブの端縁に設けられ、既設管の内面に接触する接触部とを有することを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5または6に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記弧状板と突起部とは分離可能とされ、前記弧状板に対して必要数の突起部を連結して組立て可能とされたことを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5~7のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記突起部は、既設管の内面と弧状板の外面との間隙を調整する調整部材を備えたことを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5~8のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記弧状板の辺縁部に、該支持部材の周長を調整する調整部材が設けられたことを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5~8のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記支持部材は、既設管の内径に対応する外径を有し、既設管の下半部の周長を有するバンドを備え、
前記バンドは、前記弧状板の辺縁部に、当該バンドの周長を調整可能に連結されていることを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。 - 請求項5~8のいずれか一つの請求項に記載の更生管の支持部材であって、
前記弧状板は、少なくとも、更生管の頂部に対応する部分と側部に対応する部分とに分割して形成され、
前記側部に対応する部分は頂部に対応する部分に対して回動自在に連結され、任意の回動位置に固定可能とされたことを特徴とする更生管の支持部材。
Priority Applications (6)
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RU2016100187A RU2016100187A (ru) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | Способ восстановления существующей трубы и опорный элемент для восстанавливающей трубы |
JP2015522612A JP6170556B2 (ja) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | 既設管の更生方法および更生管の支持部材 |
US14/895,690 US20160131278A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | Method of rehabilitating existing pipe and support member for rehabilitating pipe |
AU2014279478A AU2014279478A1 (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | Method of rehabilitating existing pipe and support member for rehabilitating pipe |
KR1020167000346A KR20160018701A (ko) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | 기설관의 갱생 방법 및 갱생관의 지지 부재 |
SG11201509819YA SG11201509819YA (en) | 2013-06-12 | 2014-04-04 | Method of rehabilitating existing pipe and support member for rehabilitating pipe |
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JP2013123898 | 2013-06-12 | ||
JP2013-123898 | 2013-06-12 |
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JP (1) | JP6170556B2 (ja) |
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2014
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- 2014-04-04 WO PCT/JP2014/060020 patent/WO2014199706A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2014-04-04 KR KR1020167000346A patent/KR20160018701A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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EP3056785A1 (en) * | 2015-02-12 | 2016-08-17 | Shonan Gosei-Jushi Seisakusho K.K. | Spacer for positioning a rehabilitating pipe |
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JP2018184995A (ja) * | 2017-04-26 | 2018-11-22 | 鳥居化成株式会社 | 埋設異種管を有する樹脂管とその製造方法、および埋設異種管を有する樹脂管を用いる管更正方法 |
JP7457541B2 (ja) | 2020-03-10 | 2024-03-28 | 株式会社クボタ建設 | 製管機 |
JP6858386B1 (ja) * | 2020-08-12 | 2021-04-14 | 日本ノーディッグテクノロジー株式会社 | 更生管の変形防止装置及び既設管の更生方法 |
JP2022032424A (ja) * | 2020-08-12 | 2022-02-25 | 日本ノーディッグテクノロジー株式会社 | 更生管の変形防止装置及び既設管の更生方法 |
Also Published As
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US20160131278A1 (en) | 2016-05-12 |
RU2016100187A (ru) | 2017-07-17 |
JP6170556B2 (ja) | 2017-07-26 |
RU2016100187A3 (ja) | 2018-03-26 |
SG11201509819YA (en) | 2015-12-30 |
KR20160018701A (ko) | 2016-02-17 |
AU2014279478A2 (en) | 2016-02-11 |
JPWO2014199706A1 (ja) | 2017-02-23 |
AU2014279478A1 (en) | 2016-02-04 |
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