WO2014122828A1 - 耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ - Google Patents
耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ Download PDFInfo
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- WO2014122828A1 WO2014122828A1 PCT/JP2013/079211 JP2013079211W WO2014122828A1 WO 2014122828 A1 WO2014122828 A1 WO 2014122828A1 JP 2013079211 W JP2013079211 W JP 2013079211W WO 2014122828 A1 WO2014122828 A1 WO 2014122828A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0275—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation
- H01B7/0283—Disposition of insulation comprising one or more extruded layers of insulation comprising in addition one or more other layers of non-extruded insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
- H01B13/06—Insulating conductors or cables
- H01B13/065—Insulating conductors with lacquers or enamels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/307—Other macromolecular compounds
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
- H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
- H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
- H01B3/42—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes polyesters; polyethers; polyacetals
- H01B3/427—Polyethers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/02—Disposition of insulation
- H01B7/0208—Cables with several layers of insulating material
- H01B7/0216—Two layers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B7/00—Insulated conductors or cables characterised by their form
- H01B7/08—Flat or ribbon cables
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K3/00—Details of windings
- H02K3/30—Windings characterised by the insulating material
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an inverter surge resistant wire.
- Inverters are being attached to many electrical devices as efficient variable speed controllers.
- the inverter is switched at several kHz to several tens of kHz, and a surge voltage is generated for each pulse.
- Inverter surge is a phenomenon in which reflection occurs at a discontinuous point of impedance in the propagation system, for example, at the beginning and end of the connected wiring, and as a result, a voltage twice as large as the inverter output voltage is applied.
- an output pulse generated by a high-speed switching element such as an IGBT has a high voltage steepness, so that even if the connection cable is short, the surge voltage is high, and further, the voltage attenuation by the connection cable is also small. A voltage nearly twice as large is generated.
- Insulator-related equipment for example, electrical equipment coils such as high-speed switching elements, inverter motors, transformers, etc., insulated wires that are mainly enameled wires are used as magnet wires. Moreover, as described above, in inverter-related equipment, a voltage nearly twice as high as the inverter output voltage is applied, so that it is possible to minimize inverter surge deterioration of enameled wire, which is one of the materials constituting these electrical equipment coils. It is becoming required.
- partial discharge deterioration is generally caused by chemical chain damage caused by collision of charged particles generated by the partial discharge of the electrically insulating material, sputtering deterioration, thermal melting or thermal decomposition deterioration due to local temperature rise, and ozone generated by discharge. This is a phenomenon in which mechanical deterioration occurs in a complicated manner. Therefore, the thickness of the electrically insulating material deteriorated by the actual partial discharge may be reduced.
- inverter surge deterioration of the insulated wire proceeds by the same mechanism as general partial discharge deterioration. That is, inverter surge degradation of enameled wire is a phenomenon in which a partial discharge occurs in an insulated wire due to a surge voltage having a high peak value generated in the inverter, and the coating of the insulated wire is degraded by the partial discharge, that is, a high frequency partial discharge degradation. is there.
- the insulated wire In recent electric equipment, an insulated wire capable of withstanding a surge voltage of the order of several hundred volts has been demanded. That is, the insulated wire needs to have a partial discharge start voltage higher than that.
- the partial discharge start voltage is a value measured by a device called a commercially available partial discharge tester.
- the measurement temperature, the frequency of the AC voltage to be used, the measurement sensitivity, and the like can be changed as necessary, but the above values are voltages at which partial discharge occurs when measured at 25 ° C., 50 Hz, and 10 pC.
- the partial discharge start voltage When measuring the partial discharge start voltage, the most severe situation when used as a magnet wire is assumed, and a method for producing a sample shape that can be observed between two insulating wires in close contact is used.
- an insulating wire having a circular cross section two insulating wires are spirally twisted to make line contact, and a voltage is applied between the two.
- the long surfaces of two insulating wires are brought into surface contact with each other, and a voltage is applied between the two.
- the number of times of passing through a baking furnace in the manufacturing process is increased, and the thickness of the coating made of copper oxide on the copper surface, which is the conductor, grows.
- there is a method of increasing the thickness that can be applied by one baking so as not to increase the number of times of passing through the baking furnace, but in this method, the solvent of the varnish cannot be completely evaporated and remains as bubbles in the enamel layer. There were drawbacks.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an inverter surge insulated wire having a high partial discharge start voltage and excellent heat aging characteristics by increasing the thickness of the insulating layer without impairing the insulation performance at high temperatures.
- the inventors of the present invention provided an insulated wire provided with an extrusion-coated resin layer outside the enamel layer, and the thickness and total thickness of each of the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer,
- the said subject is solved by the following means.
- (1) It has at least one enamel baking layer on the outer periphery of the conductor, and an extrusion coating resin layer on the outside of the enamel baking layer,
- the extrusion coating resin layer is a single layer, and the resin of the resin layer is a resin selected from polyether ether ketone, thermoplastic polyimide, polyamide having an aromatic ring, polyester having an aromatic ring, and polyketone,
- the total thickness of the enamel baked layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 50 ⁇ m or more, the thickness of the enamel baked layer is 50 ⁇ m or less, and the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less,
- the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C.
- the dielectric constant of the insulating layer combining the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 3.0 or more and 3.5 or less at 25 ° C., and 4.0 or more and 5.0 or less at 250 ° C.
- the relationship between the relative dielectric constant ( ⁇ 1 ′) at 250 ° C. of the enamel baking layer and the relative dielectric constant ( ⁇ 2 ′) at 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer is 2.0 ⁇ ( ⁇ 2 ′ / ⁇ 1 ′)> 1. Meets anti-inverter surge insulation wire.
- the “relative permittivity of the insulating layer” is an effective relative permittivity of the insulating layer in the inverter surge resistant wire, and the capacitance of the inverter surge insulated wire measured by the method described later and the conductor And the value calculated from the outer diameter of the insulated wire by the following formula.
- Cp is the capacitance per unit length [pF / m]
- a is the outer diameter of the conductor
- b is the outer diameter of the insulated wire
- epsilon 0 is the vacuum dielectric
- Each rate (8.855 ⁇ 10 ⁇ 12 [F / m]) is expressed.
- the cross section of the insulated surge-insulating wire is not circular, for example, when it is rectangular, the “relative permittivity of the insulating layer” indicates that the capacitance Cp of the insulating layer is the capacitance of the flat portion.
- the inverter surge-insulated wire of the present invention has a high partial discharge starting voltage, and is excellent in insulation performance at high temperatures and heat aging characteristics.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an embodiment of an inverter surge resistant wire of the present invention.
- FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing another embodiment of the inverter-resistant surge insulated wire of the present invention.
- the present invention has at least one enamel baking layer on the outer periphery of the conductor and at least one extrusion-coated resin layer on the outer side thereof, and satisfies the following conditions (1) to (6).
- the total thickness of the enamel baking layer and the extrusion coating resin layer is 50 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the enamel baking layer is 60 ⁇ m or less.
- the thickness of the extrusion coating resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less.
- Extrusion coating resin layer The minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C. is 100 MPa or more.
- the effective relative dielectric constant of the combined insulating layer of the enamel baked layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 3.5 or less at 25 ° C.
- the inverter surge-insulated wire of the present invention having such a configuration has a high partial discharge start voltage and is excellent in insulation performance at high temperatures and heat aging characteristics. Therefore, the inverter surge-insulated wire of the present invention (hereinafter simply referred to as “insulated wire”) is suitable for heat-resistant windings and is used for various applications as will be described later.
- FIG. 1 One embodiment of the inverter surge insulation wire of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 includes a conductor 1 having a circular cross section, a single enamel baking layer 2 covering the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 1, and an outer periphery of the enamel baking layer 2 It has a one-layer extrusion-coated resin layer 3 that covers the surface, and the entire cross section of the inverter surge-resistant insulated wire is also circular.
- FIG. 1 Another embodiment of the inverter surge insulation wire of the present invention shown in FIG.
- the conductor 2 includes a conductor 1 having a rectangular cross section, a single enamel baking layer 2 covering the outer peripheral surface of the conductor 1, and an enamel baking layer 2 And a single extrusion-coated resin layer 3 that covers the outer peripheral surface, and the cross section of the entire inverter surge-insulated wire is also rectangular.
- the total thickness of the enamel baking layer and the extrusion coating resin layer is such that the two sides facing each other in the rectangular cross section and the extrusion coating resin layer and the enamel layer baking layer provided on the other two sides It may be at least one of the total thickness.
- the total thickness of the extrusion coating resin layer and the enamel layer baking layer formed on the two sides where discharge occurs is a predetermined thickness
- the total thickness formed on the other two sides is Even if it is thinner than that, the partial discharge start voltage can be maintained, and for example, the ratio (space factor) of the total cross-sectional area of the conductor to the total cross-sectional area in the slot of the motor can be increased.
- the total thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the enamel layer baking layer provided on one two sides and the other two sides may be two sides on which discharge occurs, that is, at least one should be 50 ⁇ m or more. Is 50 ⁇ m or more on one of the two sides and the other two sides.
- the total thickness may be the same or different, and is preferably different as follows from the viewpoint of the occupation ratio with respect to the stator slot. That is, there are two types of partial discharge that occur in a stator slot such as a motor, when it occurs between the slot and the electric wire, and when it occurs between the electric wire and the electric wire.
- the partial discharge start voltage value is maintained by using an insulated wire in which the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer provided on the flat surface is different from the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer provided on the edge surface.
- the ratio (space factor) of the total cross-sectional area of the conductor to the total cross-sectional area in the slot of the motor can be improved.
- the flat surface refers to a pair of long sides out of two opposing sides of a pair of rectangular rectangular cross sections
- the edge surface refers to a pair of short sides out of two opposing sides.
- the surface with the larger thickness should be the surface in contact with the wire, and the surface facing the slot should be made thinner. improves. At this time, the value of the partial discharge start voltage can be maintained.
- the thickness of the two opposing sides is preferably in the range of 1.01 to 5, more preferably in the range of 1.01 to 3.
- embodiments of the present invention are basically the same except that the cross-sectional shapes of the conductor and the inverter surge-insulating wire are different. In addition, it explains together.
- the conductor 1 used for the insulated wire of the present invention those conventionally used for insulated wires can be used, preferably, low oxygen copper having an oxygen content of 30 ppm or less, more preferably 20 ppm or less. Low oxygen copper or oxygen free copper conductor. When the oxygen content is 30 ppm or less, when the conductor is melted with heat to prevent welding, voids due to oxygen contained in the welded portion are not generated, and the electrical resistance of the welded portion is prevented from deteriorating. The strength of the welded portion can be maintained. As shown in FIGS.
- the conductor can have a desired shape such as a circular shape or a rectangular shape in cross section, but a conductor having a shape other than a circle in terms of the occupation ratio with respect to the stator slot can be used.
- a rectangular shape is preferable.
- the enamel baking layer (hereinafter also simply referred to as “enamel layer”) 2 is formed of at least one layer of enamel resin, and may be one layer or a plurality of layers.
- the enamel resin for forming the enamel layer those conventionally used can be used, for example, polyimide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyetherimide, polyimide hydantoin-modified polyester, polyamide, formal, polyurethane, polyester, Examples include polyvinyl formal, epoxy, and polyhydantoin.
- the enamel resin is preferably a polyimide resin such as polyimide, polyamideimide, polyesterimide, polyetherimide, polyimide hydantoin-modified polyester having excellent heat resistance.
- polyamideimide and polyimide are preferable, and polyamideimide is particularly preferable.
- the enamel resin forming the enamel layer preferably has a small relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C. in that the partial discharge start voltage can be increased.
- the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 is preferably 5.0 or less, and more preferably 4.0 or less.
- the lower limit of the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 is not particularly limited, but is practically preferably 3.0 or more.
- the enamel resin has a dielectric constant ⁇ 1 at 250 ° C. of 6 because the dielectric constant ⁇ 1 at 25 ° C. is in the above range and can exhibit excellent insulation performance even at high temperatures. 0 or less is preferable and 5.0 or less is more preferable.
- the lower limit of the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 ′ is not particularly limited, but is practically preferably 3.0 or more.
- the relative dielectric constants ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 ′ of the enamel resin can be measured at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. or 250 ° C. using a commercially available dielectric constant measuring device.
- the measurement temperature and frequency are changed as necessary. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, it means a value measured at 100 Hz.
- the enamel resin is selected from the above-mentioned resins in consideration of the relative dielectric constants ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 ′.
- a polyamideimide resin (PAI) varnish (trade name, manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd.) having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 of 3.9 and a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 ′ of 4.4. : HI406)
- a polyimide resin (PI) varnish (product name: Uimide, manufactured by Unitika) having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 of 3.5 and a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 ′ of 4.0
- These enamel resins may be used alone or in admixture of two or more, and additives may be added within the above range.
- the thickness of the enamel layer is thick enough to achieve a high partial discharge starting voltage, the adhesive force between the conductor and the enamel layer is extremely reduced by reducing the number of times the enamel layer is passed through the baking furnace. It is 60 ⁇ m or less, 50 ⁇ m or less is preferable, 45 ⁇ m or less is more preferable, and 40 ⁇ m or less is further preferable. Moreover, in order not to impair the withstand voltage characteristic and the heat resistance characteristic, which are characteristics necessary for an enameled wire as an insulating wire, it is preferable that the enamel layer has a certain thickness.
- the thickness of the enamel layer is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause pinholes, and is preferably 3 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 6 ⁇ m or more. In another embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the thickness of each enamel baking layer provided on one of the two sides and the other two sides is 60 ⁇ m or less.
- This enamel baking layer can be formed by applying and baking a resin varnish containing the above-mentioned enamel resin on a conductor, preferably a plurality of times.
- the method for applying the resin varnish may be a conventional method, for example, a method using a varnish application die having a similar shape to the conductor shape, or a “universal die” formed in a cross-beam shape if the cross-sectional shape of the conductor is a square. And a method using a die called.
- the conductor coated with these resin varnishes is baked in a baking furnace in a conventional manner.
- the specific baking conditions depend on the shape of the furnace used, but for a natural convection type vertical furnace of about 5 m, the passage time is set to 10 to 90 seconds at 400 to 500 ° C. Can be achieved.
- extruded resin layer In order to obtain an insulated wire having a high partial discharge starting voltage, at least one extrusion-coated resin layer is provided on the outer side of the enamel layer, and may be a single layer or a plurality of layers. In addition, in this invention, when it has two or more extrusion coating resin layers, the same resin is preferable between each layer. That is, a layer formed of the same resin as that contained in the extrusion-coated resin layer closest to the enamel layer side is laminated. Here, as long as the resin is the same, the presence / absence, type, and blending amount of additives other than the resin may be different between the layers. In the present invention, the extrusion-coated resin layer is preferably one or two layers, particularly preferably one layer.
- one layer is the same layer when the resin constituting the layer and the additive to be contained are laminated in exactly the same layer, and even if it is composed of the same resin, the type and amount of the additive
- the number of layers is counted when the composition constituting the layers is different, for example, different. The same applies to layers other than the extrusion-coated resin layer.
- the extrusion-coated resin layer is a thermoplastic resin layer
- examples of the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer include polyetheretherketone (PEEK).
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- the polyether ether ketone is meant to include modified polyether ether ketone (modified-PEEK).
- modified-PEEK modified polyether ether ketone
- the modified polyetheretherketone is obtained by modifying polyetheretherketone by adding an auxiliary agent or resin used for the purpose of improving mechanical properties and thermal properties. Examples of such modified polyetheretherketone include “AvaSpire” series, specifically “AvaSpire AV-650” (trade name, manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymers) and the like.
- thermoplastic polyimide polyamide having an aromatic ring
- aromatic polyester polyester having an aromatic ring
- PK polyketone
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- the extrusion coating resin layer is made of polyether ether ketone (PEEK) (including modified polyether ether ketone) thermoplastic polyimide (PI), polyamide having an aromatic ring (referred to as aromatic polyamide), aromatic ring.
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PI polyamide having an aromatic ring
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- PEEK including modified polyether ether ketone
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- PEEK polyether ether ketone
- the thermoplastic resin that forms the extrusion-coated resin layer may be any thermoplastic resin that can be extruded, and it is preferable that the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 at 25 ° C. is small in that the partial discharge start voltage can be increased.
- the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 is preferably 5.0 or less, and more preferably 4.0 or less.
- the lower limit of the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 is not particularly limited, but is practically preferably 2.0 or more.
- the thermoplastic resin has a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 at 25 ° C. in the above-mentioned range, and can exhibit excellent insulation performance even at high temperatures. Is preferably 0.0 or less, and more preferably 5.0 or less.
- the lower limit of the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 ′ is not particularly limited, but is practically preferably 2.0 or more.
- the relative dielectric constants ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2 ′ of the thermoplastic resin can be measured at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. or 250 ° C. using a commercially available dielectric constant measuring apparatus. The measurement temperature and frequency are changed as necessary. In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, it means a value measured at 100 Hz.
- the extrusion-coated resin layer that is, the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer, can exhibit excellent mechanical properties from a low temperature of about room temperature to a high temperature and excellent insulating properties at a high temperature. It is preferable that the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus in the temperature range of 100 ° C. is 100 MPa or more, and the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus is maintained at 100 MPa or more even in the temperature range exceeding 250 ° C. and 280 ° C. or less.
- the thermoplastic resin has a tensile modulus of 100 MPa or more in a temperature range of 25 ° C. to 250 ° C., more preferably in a temperature range of 25 ° C.
- the minimum value of the tensile modulus is preferably 200 MPa or more, more preferably 300 MPa or more, and the upper limit (maximum value) is not particularly limited, but is actually 400 MPa.
- the tensile modulus can be adjusted by the degree of cross-linking, crystallinity, etc. of the thermoplastic resin.
- the tensile modulus can be measured by dynamic viscoelasticity measurement (DMS). Specifically, the measurement is performed continuously or intermittently in a temperature range of 25 ° C. to 280 ° C. while changing the tensile mode, frequency 10 Hz, strain amount 1/1000, and measurement temperature at a heating rate of 5 ° C./min. The control mode, frequency, amount of distortion, measurement temperature, etc. during measurement can be changed as necessary.
- the thermoplastic resin is a crystalline thermoplastic resin, it suppresses a sudden drop in tensile modulus near the glass transition temperature, and has excellent mechanical properties from low to high temperatures and excellent high temperatures. It is preferable to increase the crystallinity of the film from the standpoint of exhibiting insulating properties. Specifically, the crystallinity of the film is preferably 50% or more, more preferably 70% or more, and particularly preferably 80% or more. The upper limit of the crystallinity is not particularly limited and is 100%, for example.
- the film crystallinity of the extrusion-coated resin layer can be measured using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC).
- an appropriate amount of the coating film of the extrusion-coated resin layer is collected, heated at a rate of, for example, 5 ° C./min, and the amount of heat (melting heat amount) due to melting seen in the region exceeding 300 ° C. and around 150 ° C.
- the amount of heat (crystallization heat amount) resulting from the crystallization observed is calculated, and the difference in heat amount obtained by subtracting the heat of crystallization from the heat of fusion with respect to the heat of fusion is defined as the film crystallinity.
- the calculation formula is shown below.
- Film crystallinity (%) [(heat of fusion ⁇ heat of crystallization) / (heat of fusion)] ⁇ 100
- the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer preferably has a melting point of 260 ° C. or higher, more preferably 280 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 330 ° C. or higher in that the heat aging characteristics can be further improved. Is particularly preferred.
- the melting point of the thermoplastic resin is, for example, preferably 370 ° C. or less, and more preferably 360 ° C. or less.
- the melting point of the thermoplastic resin can be measured by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) by a method described later. Specifically, 10 mg of the extrusion-coated resin layer was observed in a region exceeding 250 ° C.
- thermoplastic resin that forms the extrusion-coated resin layer is selected from the above-mentioned thermoplastic resins. It is selected in consideration of the melting point or the like as desired. In particular, the thickness and total thickness of the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer, the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer at 25 ° C. and 250 ° C., the ratio of the above-mentioned relative dielectric constants, and the minimum tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C. Preference is given to thermoplastic resins each having a value within the above-mentioned range, for example at least one thermoplastic resin selected from the group consisting of polyetheretherketone and modified polyetheretherketone.
- the extrusion coating resin layer is preferably a polyether ether ketone layer.
- these thermoplastic resins are employed as the thermoplastic resin for forming the extrusion coating resin layer, the above-mentioned thickness, total thickness, relative dielectric constant, the above-mentioned relative dielectric constant, and the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C.
- the partial discharge starting voltage is further improved, the mechanical properties from low to high temperatures and the insulation performance at high temperatures are maintained at a high level, and the heat aging characteristics are further improved.
- thermoplastic resin for example, polyetheretherketone (PEEK) having a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 of 3.1 and a relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 ′ of 4.7 (manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymers, trade name: KetaSpire KT-820). ) Etc.
- PEEK polyetheretherketone
- the thermoplastic resin that forms the extrusion-coated resin layer may be one kind or two or more kinds.
- the thermoplastic resin may be blended with other resins or elastomers as long as the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C. and the relative dielectric constant do not deviate from the above range or the range described later. .
- the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less, and preferably 180 ⁇ m or less. If the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer is too thick, a portion that is whitened on the surface of the insulated wire may be generated when the insulated wire is wound around an iron core and heated. Thus, if the extrusion-coated resin layer is too thick, the extrusion-coated resin layer itself has rigidity, so that the flexibility as an insulated wire is poor, which affects the change in electrical insulation maintaining characteristics before and after processing. Sometimes. On the other hand, the thickness of the extrusion-coated resin layer is preferably 5 ⁇ m or more, and more preferably 15 ⁇ m or more in terms of preventing insulation failure. In another embodiment described above, the thickness of each of the extrusion-coated resin layers provided on one of the two sides and the other two sides is 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the extrusion-coated resin layer can be formed by extruding the thermoplastic resin described above into an enamel layer formed on a conductor.
- the conditions at the time of extrusion molding for example, the extrusion temperature conditions are appropriately set according to the thermoplastic resin to be used.
- the extrusion temperature is set at a temperature 30 ° C., preferably about 40 ° C. to 60 ° C. higher than the melting point in order to obtain a melt viscosity suitable for extrusion coating.
- the extrusion coating resin layer is formed by extrusion molding, it is not necessary to pass through a baking furnace when forming the coating resin layer in the manufacturing process, so without growing the thickness of the oxide film layer of the conductor, There is an advantage that the thickness of the insulating layer, that is, the extrusion-coated resin layer can be increased.
- the total thickness of the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 50 ⁇ m or more.
- the total thickness is 50 ⁇ m or more, the partial discharge start voltage of the insulating wire becomes 1 kVp or more, and inverter surge deterioration can be prevented.
- the total thickness is preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, and particularly preferably 100 ⁇ m or more, from the viewpoint that an even higher partial discharge start voltage is expressed and inverter surge deterioration can be highly prevented.
- the total thickness of the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer provided on one of the two sides and the other two sides is 50 ⁇ m or more.
- the thickness of the enamel layer is 60 ⁇ m or less
- the thickness of the extrusion coating resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less
- the total thickness of the enamel layer and the extrusion coating resin layer is 50 ⁇ m or more
- the voltage that is, the prevention of inverter surge deterioration, the adhesive strength between the conductor and the enamel layer, and the suppression of bubbles when the enamel layer is formed can be satisfied.
- the total thickness of the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 260 ⁇ m or less, but considering the characteristics of maintaining electrical insulation before and after coil processing (hereinafter referred to as electrical insulation characteristics before and after processing). In order to process without problems, it is preferably 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the conductor and the enamel layer are in close contact with each other with high adhesive strength.
- the bond strength between the conductor and the enamel layer is, for example, JIS C 3003 enamel wire test method, 8. Adhesion, 8.1b) It can be performed in the same manner as the torsion method, and can be evaluated by the number of revolutions until the enamel layer floats. The same can be done for a rectangular wire having a square cross section. In the present invention, the number of revolutions until the enamel layer floats is 15 or more, and the adhesion is good. In this preferred embodiment, the insulated wire has a number of revolutions of 15 or more.
- the relative dielectric constant of the entire insulating layer including the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 3.5 or less at 25 ° C.
- the partial discharge start voltage of the insulated wire at 25 ° C. can be improved to 1 kVp or more, and inverter surge deterioration can be prevented.
- the dielectric constant at 25 ° C. is preferably 3.2 or less, and the lower limit is not particularly limited, but is practically preferably 3.0 or more in terms of further preventing the inverter surge deterioration.
- the relative dielectric constant of the entire insulating layer including the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 5.0 or less at 250 ° C.
- the dielectric constant of a resin increases at a high temperature, and the partial discharge start voltage inevitably decreases as the density of air decreases, but if the relative dielectric constant at 250 ° C. is 5.0 or less, For example, a decrease in the partial discharge start voltage at 250 ° C. can be suppressed.
- the relative dielectric constant at 250 ° C. is preferably 4.8 or less, and the lower limit is not particularly limited in that it is possible to further suppress the decrease in the partial discharge start voltage. preferable.
- the relative dielectric constants of the entire insulating layer at 25 ° C. and 250 ° C. are respectively the relative dielectric constants ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 ′ and thickness of the enamel resin forming the enamel layer, and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 of the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer.
- ⁇ 2 ′ and thickness can be selected to adjust to the above range. For example, by selecting an enamel resin having a small relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 and ⁇ 1 'and / or a thermoplastic resin having a small relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 and ⁇ 2', the relative dielectric constant of the entire insulating layer can be reduced. Furthermore, when the resin having a smaller relative dielectric constant is coated thickly, the relative dielectric constant of the entire insulating layer can be reduced.
- the relative dielectric constant of the entire insulating layer can be calculated by the above formula from the electrostatic capacity of the inverter surge insulated wire measured by the method described later and the outer diameters of the conductor and the insulated wire.
- the electrostatic capacity is determined by using an LCR HiTester (manufactured by Hioki Electric Co., Ltd., Model 3532-50 (trade name: LCR HiTester)) and an insulated wire left in a dry air at room temperature (25 ° C.) for 24 hours or more.
- the measurement temperature is set to 25 ° C. and 250 ° C., and an insulating wire is put in a thermostat set to a predetermined temperature, and measurement is performed when the temperature becomes constant.
- the relationship between the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1 ′ at 250 ° C. of the enamel layer and the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 ′ at 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer satisfies ⁇ 2 ′ / ⁇ 1 ′> 1.
- the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer is generally inferior in insulation performance particularly at high temperatures compared to the enamel resin forming the enamel layer, but the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer have such a relationship.
- the electric field of the extrusion-coated resin layer can be relaxed, and the dielectric breakdown voltage, which is the insulation performance at a high temperature of the entire insulating layer, for example, at a high temperature of 250 ° C., can be favorably maintained.
- the relative dielectric constant relationship ⁇ 2 ′ / ⁇ 1 ′ is more than 1.0 and preferably 2.0 or less, and more preferably 1.1 or more and 1.5 or less.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage of an insulated wire can be measured by winding a metal foil around the insulated wire and applying an AC voltage close to a 50 Hz sine wave between the conductor and the metal foil, as will be described later.
- the temperature characteristics are measured in the same manner in a constant temperature bath at a predetermined temperature.
- the insulated wire in the embodiment of the present invention having the above-described configuration is also excellent in heat aging characteristics required for recent insulated wires.
- This heat aging characteristic is an index for maintaining long-term reliability that insulation performance does not deteriorate for a long time even when used in a high temperature environment.
- 7 of the JIS C 3003 enamel wire test method 7 of the JIS C 3003 enamel wire test method .
- the presence or absence of cracks occurring in the enamel layer or the extrusion-coated resin layer after leaving the wound in accordance with flexibility in a high temperature bath at 190 ° C. for 1000 hours can be visually evaluated.
- the heat aging characteristics can be evaluated as excellent when no cracks are observed in both the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer, and there is no abnormality.
- the extrusion coating resin layer is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the enamel layer without any other layer.
- the enamel layer and the extrusion coating resin layer are An adhesive layer may be provided therebetween.
- an adhesive layer is provided between the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer, the adhesive strength between the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is strengthened, and a higher partial discharge starting voltage is exhibited, effectively preventing inverter surge deterioration. it can. That is, when the adhesive force between the extrusion-coated resin layer and the enamel layer is not sufficient, when severe processing conditions such as bending to a small radius, wrinkles occur in the extrusion-coated resin layer inside the arc of bending.
- the adhesive layer is a thermoplastic resin layer and is not included in the entire insulating layer including the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer. That is, the “relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer” in the present invention means the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer composed of the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer excluding the adhesive layer.
- thermoplastic resin forming the adhesive layer any resin may be used as long as it can heat-seal the extrusion-coated resin layer to the enamel layer.
- a resin is preferably an amorphous resin that is easily dissolved in a solvent because it needs to be varnished.
- the resin is excellent in heat resistance in order not to lower the heat resistance as an insulating wire.
- preferable thermoplastic resins include, for example, polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI), polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) and the like.
- polysulfone (PSU), polyethersulfone (PES), polyetherimide (PEI), and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) are preferable, and polyetherimide (PEI) and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) are more preferable.
- PSU polysulfone
- PES polyethersulfone
- PEI polyetherimide
- PPSU polyphenylsulfone
- polyetherimide (PEI) and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) are more preferable.
- polyetherimide (PEI) and polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) are more preferable.
- polyetherimide (PEI) that has good compatibility with the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer and excellent heat resistance is preferable.
- the solvent used for varnishing may be any solvent that can dissolve the selected thermoplastic resin.
- the thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably 2 to 20 ⁇ m, more preferably 3 to 15 ⁇ m, still more preferably 3 to 10 ⁇ m.
- the adhesive layer may have a laminated structure of two or more layers. In this case, the resins of the respective layers are preferably the same resin. In the present invention, the adhesive layer is preferably one layer.
- the adhesive layer can be formed by applying and baking the above-described thermoplastic resin varnish on the enamel layer formed on the conductor.
- the heating temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer in the extrusion coating process is the glass transition of the resin used for the adhesive layer.
- the temperature is preferably equal to or higher than the temperature (Tg), more preferably 30 ° C. higher than Tg, and particularly preferably 50 ° C. higher than Tg.
- the heating temperature of the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion coating resin layer is the temperature of the die portion.
- a polyimide resin (PAI) varnish manufactured by Hitachi Chemical Co., Ltd., trade name: HI406, relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1: 3.9
- PAI polyimide resin
- the material was polyetheretherketone (PEEK) (manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymers, trade name: KetaSpire KT-820, relative permittivity ⁇ 2: 3.1, melting point 343 ° C.), and the extrusion temperature conditions were as shown in Table 1. Extrusion coating of PEEK was carried out using an extrusion die, and an extrusion-coated resin layer having a thickness of 26 ⁇ m was formed on the outer side of the enamel layer (Table 2 shows the minimum value of the tensile elastic modulus at 25 to 250 ° C.
- Example 2 to 4 and Comparative Examples 3 and 4 Insulated wires made of PEEK extrusion-coated enamel wires were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thicknesses of the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer were changed to the thicknesses shown in Tables 2 to 4.
- Table 2 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus at 25 to 250 ° C. and the degree of crystallinity obtained by the measurement method described above for each extrusion-coated resin layer. Extrusion temperature conditions were performed according to Table 1.
- Example 5 As the enamel resin, polyimide resin (PI) varnish (product name: Uimide, relative dielectric constant ⁇ 1: 3.5) was used instead of polyamideimide, and the thicknesses of the enamel layer and the extrusion coating resin layer are shown in Table 2. Except for changing to the thickness shown, each insulating wire made of PEEK extrusion-coated enameled wire was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. Table 2 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus of elasticity at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the degree of crystallinity according to the measurement method described above. Extrusion temperature conditions followed Table 1.
- Example 6 By using modified polyetheretherketone (modified-PEEK, manufactured by Solvay Specialty Polymers, trade name: AvaSpire AV-650, relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2: 3.1, melting point 340 ° C.) instead of PEEK as an extrusion coating resin, an enamel layer And the insulated wire which consists of a modified-PEEK extrusion coating enamel wire was obtained like Example 1 except having changed the thickness of the extrusion coating resin layer into the thickness shown in Table 2.
- Table 2 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus of elasticity at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the degree of crystallinity according to the measurement method described above. Extrusion temperature conditions followed Table 1.
- Example 7 Using polyethylene naphthalate (PEN, manufactured by Teijin Chemicals, trade name: Teonex TN8065S, relative permittivity ⁇ 2: 3.5, melting point 265 ° C.) as the extrusion coating resin instead of PEEK, the thickness of the enamel layer and the extrusion coating resin layer
- PEN polyethylene naphthalate
- Teonex TN8065S relative permittivity ⁇ 2: 3.5, melting point 265 ° C.
- Table 2 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus of elasticity at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the degree of crystallinity according to the measurement method described above. Extrusion temperature conditions followed Table 1.
- Example 8 to 10 An insulated wire made of PEEK extruded coated enameled wire was obtained in the same manner as in Examples 2, 3, and 4 except that an adhesive layer was provided between the enamel layer and the extruded coated resin layer.
- the adhesive layer was obtained by dissolving a resin varnish in which a polyetherimide resin (PEI) (manufactured by Savic Innovative Plastics, trade name: Ultem 1010) was dissolved in N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), Using a die similar to the shape of the conductor, coat the outer periphery of the enamel layer, pass through the baking furnace under the same conditions as the enamel layer, and repeat this once or twice to obtain a thickness of 3 ⁇ m or A 6 ⁇ m adhesive layer was formed (the thickness formed in one baking process was 3 ⁇ m).
- Table 3 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus of elasticity at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the degree of crystallinity according to the measurement method described above
- Example 1 Each insulated wire made of PEEK extruded coated enameled wire was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the thickness of the extruded coated resin layer was changed to the thickness shown in Table 4.
- Table 4 shows the minimum value of the tensile modulus of elasticity at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer and the degree of crystallinity according to the measurement method described above. Extrusion temperature conditions were performed according to Table 1.
- Table 1 shows the extrusion temperature conditions in Examples 1 to 10, Comparative Examples 1 to 6 and Reference Example 1.
- C1, C2, and C3 indicate three zones in order from the material input side in which temperature control is separately performed in the cylinder portion of the extruder.
- H indicates the head behind the cylinder of the extruder.
- D indicates a die at the tip of the head.
- the relative dielectric constant was calculated based on the above formula by measuring the capacitance of the insulated wire and using the capacitance, the conductor, and the outer diameter of the insulated wire. As described above, the capacitance was measured at 25 ° C. and 250 ° C. using an LCR high tester (manufactured by Hioki Electric Co., Ltd., Model 3532-50).
- partial discharge start voltage For the measurement of the partial discharge start voltage, a partial discharge tester “KPD2050” (trade name) manufactured by Kikusui Electronics Corporation was used. A sample was produced in which insulating wires having a square cross-sectional shape were overlapped so that the long sides of two insulating wires overlap each other over a length of 150 mm. The measurement was performed by applying an AC voltage of 50 Hz sine wave between the two conductors. The voltage was boosted at a uniform rate of 50 V / sec, and the voltage at the time when partial discharge of 10 pC occurred was read. The measurement temperature was set to 25 ° C.
- the dielectric breakdown voltage was measured by winding a metal foil around an insulated wire and applying an AC voltage of 50 Hz sine wave between the conductor and the metal foil. The voltage was boosted at a uniform rate of 500 V / sec, the detection sensitivity was 5 mA, and the applied voltage when a current higher than this flowed was read as an effective value.
- the measurement temperature was set to 25 ° C. and 250 ° C., and an insulating wire was put in a thermostat set to a predetermined temperature, and the measurement was performed when the temperature became constant. Evaluation is indicated by “ ⁇ ” as a pass when the dielectric breakdown voltage at a measurement temperature of 250 ° C. was maintained at 50% or more with respect to the dielectric breakdown voltage at a measurement temperature of 25 ° C. The case where it was less than 50% was expressed as “x” as a failure. In Table 4, “ND” means not measured.
- the electrical insulation property before and after processing was evaluated as follows. That is, the electric wire was wound around an iron core having a diameter of 30 mm, heated to 250 ° C. in a thermostatic bath, and held for 30 minutes. After taking out from the thermostat, the presence or absence of cracks or discoloration in the extrusion-coated resin layer was examined visually. If cracks and discoloration cannot be confirmed in the extrusion-coated resin layer, it has been confirmed that even if a voltage of 3 kV is applied to the electric wire taken out from the thermostatic chamber for 1 minute, it does not break down.
- the thermal aging characteristics of the insulated wire were evaluated as follows. Of JIS C 3003 enamel wire test method, 7. What was wound according to flexibility was thrown into a high temperature bath set at 190 ° C. The enamel layer or the extrusion-coated resin layer after leaving still for 1000 hours was visually examined for cracks. The case where no abnormalities such as cracks could be confirmed in the enamel layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer was accepted, and the discoloration was extremely small, and there was no deformation or cracks. The case where it was excellent without being observed was indicated by “ ⁇ ”, and the case where abnormality was confirmed was indicated by “x” as rejected. In Table 4, “ND” means not measured.
- the total thickness of the enamel baked layer and the exposed coating resin layer is 50 ⁇ m or more, the thickness of the enamel baked layer is 60 ⁇ m or less, and the thickness of the extrusion coating resin layer is 200 ⁇ m or less.
- the minimum value of the tensile modulus at 25 to 250 ° C. of the extrusion-coated resin layer is 100 MPa or more, and the relative dielectric constant of the insulating layer including the enamel baking layer and the extrusion-coated resin layer is 3.5 or less at 25 ° C.
- the ratio of dielectric constant at 250 ° C. ( ⁇ 2 ′ / ⁇ 1 ′) exceeds 1, the partial discharge starting voltage is high, and the insulation performance and heat aging characteristics at high temperatures are also high. I found it excellent.
- Example 1 From comparison between Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, it was found that when the total thickness of the enamel layer and the extrusion coating layer was less than 50 ⁇ m, the partial discharge starting voltage at least at 25 ° C. did not reach 1 kVp. From the result of Comparative Example 2, when the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 at 25 ° C. of the thermoplastic resin forming the extrusion-coated resin layer exceeds 3.5, the relative dielectric constant ⁇ 2 ′ at 250 ° C. exceeds 5.0. It was found that even when the thickness was 50 ⁇ m or more, the partial discharge starting voltage at 25 ° C. did not reach 1 kVp, and the partial discharge starting voltage was significantly reduced at high temperatures.
- the inverter surge insulation wire of the present invention has a high partial discharge starting voltage and excellent insulation performance at high temperatures and heat aging characteristics, for example, automobiles, various electrical and electronic devices, specifically inverters Voltage resistance and heat resistance of related equipment, high-speed switching elements, inverter motors, transformers, and other electrical equipment coils, space electrical equipment, aircraft electrical equipment, nuclear electrical equipment, energy electrical equipment, automotive electrical equipment, etc. It can be used as an insulated wire in a field that requires Particularly, it is suitable as a winding for a drive motor of HV (hybrid car) or EV (electric car).
- the inverter surge-insulating wire of the present invention can be used in motors, transformers and the like to provide high-performance electric / electronic devices.
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Abstract
Description
部分放電開始電圧を測定する際は、マグネットワイヤとして用いられる場合における最も過酷な状況を想定し、密着する二本の絶縁ワイヤの間について観測できるような試料形状を作製する方法が用いられる。例えば、断面円形の絶縁ワイヤについては、二本の絶縁ワイヤを螺旋状にねじることで線接触させ、二本の間に電圧をかける。また、断面形状が方形の絶縁ワイヤについては、二本の絶縁ワイヤの長辺である面同士を面接触させ、二本の間に電圧をかけるという方法である。
一方、焼き付け炉を通す回数を増やさないために1回の焼き付けで塗布できる厚さを厚くする方法もあるが、この方法では、ワニスの溶媒が蒸発しきれずにエナメル層の中に気泡として残るという欠点があった。
このような問題に対して、エナメル線の外側に被覆樹脂を設ける試みがなされてきた(特許文献1及び2)。しかしながら、特許文献1及び2に記載の絶縁ワイヤにおいても、部分放電開始電圧、高温下における絶縁性能及び耐熱老化性をさらに改善する余地がある。また、部分放電開始電圧を向上させる技術として特許文献3が挙げられる。
(1)導体の外周に、少なくとも1層のエナメル焼付層と、該エナメル焼付層の外側に押出被覆樹脂層とを有し、
該押出被覆樹脂層が1層であって、該樹脂層の樹脂が、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、熱可塑性ポリイミド、芳香環を有するポリアミド、芳香環を有するポリエステルおよびポリケトンから選択される樹脂であって、
該エナメル焼付層と該押出被覆樹脂層との合計厚さが50μm以上、前記エナメル焼付層の厚さが50μm以下、前記押出被覆樹脂層の厚さが200μm以下であり、
前記押出被覆樹脂層の25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値が100MPa以上400MPa以下であり、
前記エナメル焼付層と前記押出被覆樹脂層とを合わせた絶縁層の比誘電率が25℃において3.0以上3.5以下であり、250℃において4.0以上5.0以下であり、
前記エナメル焼付層の250℃における比誘電率(ε1’)と前記押出被覆樹脂層の250℃における比誘電率(ε2’)の関係が、2.0≧(ε2’/ε1’)>1 を満たす耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
(2)前記押出被覆樹脂層が、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンの層である(1)に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
(3)前記導体が、矩形状の断面を有している(1)又は(2)に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
(4)前記エナメル焼付層の厚さが40μm以下である(1)~(3)のいずれか1項に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
なお、耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ絶縁ワイヤの断面が円形ではない場合、例えば、矩形である場合には、「絶縁層の比誘電率」は、絶縁層の静電容量Cpが平坦部の静電容量Cfとコーナー部の静電容量Ceの合成(Cp=Cf+Ce)であることを利用して算出できる。具体的には、導体の直線部の長辺と短辺の長さをL1、L2、導体コーナーの曲率半径R、絶縁層の厚さTとすると、平坦部の静電容量Cf及びコーナー部の静電容量Ceは下記式で表される。これら式と、実測した絶縁ワイヤの静電容量及び絶縁層の静電容量Cp(Cf+Ce)とからεr*を算出できる。
Ce=(εr*/ε0)×2πε0/Log{(R+T)/R}
本発明の上記及び他の特徴及び利点は、適宜添付の図面を参照して、下記の記載からより明らかになるであろう。
(1)エナメル焼付層と押出被覆樹脂層の合計厚さが50μm以上
(2)エナメル焼付層の厚さが60μm以下
(3)押出被覆樹脂層の厚さが200μm以下
(4)押出被覆樹脂層の25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値が100MPa以上
(5)エナメル焼付層と押出被覆樹脂層とを合わせた絶縁層の実効的な比誘電率が25℃において3.5以下であり、250℃において5.0以下
(6)エナメル焼付層の250℃における比誘電率(ε1’)と押出被覆樹脂層の250℃における比誘電率(ε2’)の関係が、(ε2’/ε1’)>1
このような構成を有する本発明の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤは、部分放電開始電圧が高く、高温下の絶縁性能及び耐熱老化特性にも優れる。
したがって、本発明の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ(以下、単に「絶縁ワイヤ」という)は、耐熱巻線用として好適であり、後述するように、種々の用途に用いられる。
図1に示した本発明の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤの一実施態様は、断面が円形の導体1と、導体1の外周面を被覆する1層のエナメル焼付層2と、エナメル焼付層2の外周面を被覆する1層の押出被覆樹脂層3とを有し、耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ全体の断面も円形になっている。
図2に示した本発明の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤの別の実施態様は、断面が矩形状の導体1と、導体1の外周面を被覆する1層のエナメル焼付層2と、エナメル焼付層2の外周面を被覆する1層の押出被覆樹脂層3とを有し、耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ全体の断面も矩形状になっている。
この合計厚さは、同一であっても異なっていてもよく、ステータースロットに対する占有率の観点から以下のように異なっているのが好ましい。すなわち、モーター等のステータースロット内でおきる部分放電はスロットと電線の間で起きる場合、及び電線と電線の間で起きる場合の2種類ある。そこで、絶縁ワイヤにおいて、フラット面に設けられた押出被覆樹脂層の厚さが、エッジ面に設けられた押出被覆樹脂層の厚さと異なる絶縁ワイヤを用いることによって、部分放電開始電圧の値を維持しつつ、モーターのスロット内の全断面積に対する導体のトータル断面積の割合(占積率)を向上させることができる。
スロット内に1列にエッジ面とフラット面での厚さが異なる電線を並べるとき、スロットと電線の間で放電が起きる場合はスロットに対して厚膜面が接するように並べ、隣あう電線間の膜厚は薄い方で並べる。膜厚が薄い分より多くの本数を挿入することができ、占積率は向上する。またこの時、部分放電開始電圧の値は維持できる。同様に電線と電線の間で放電が起きやすい場合は膜厚の厚い面を電線と接する面にして、スロットに面する方は薄くすると必要以上にスロットの大きさを大きくしないため占積率は向上する。またこの時、部分放電開始電圧の値は維持できる。
押出被覆樹脂層の厚さが、該断面の一対の対向する2辺と他の一対の対向する2辺とで異なる場合は、一対の対向する2辺の厚さを1とした時もう1対の対向する2辺の厚さは1.01~5の範囲にするのが好ましく、さらに好ましくは1.01~3の範囲である。
本発明の絶縁ワイヤに用いる導体1としては、従来、絶縁ワイヤで用いられているものを使用することができるが、好ましくは、酸素含有量が30ppm以下の低酸素銅、さらに好ましくは20ppm以下の低酸素銅又は無酸素銅の導体である。酸素含有量が30ppm以下であれば、導体を溶接するために熱で溶融させた場合、溶接部分に含有酸素に起因するボイドの発生がなく、溶接部分の電気抵抗が悪化することを防止するとともに溶接部分の強度を保持することができる。
導体は、図1及び図2に示されるように、その横断面が円形、矩形状等の所望の形状のものを使用できるが、ステータースロットに対する占有率の点で円形以外の形状を有するものが好ましく、特に、図2に示されるように、平角形状のものが好ましい。更には、角部からの部分放電を抑制するという点において、4隅に面取り(半径r)を設けた形状であることが望ましい。
エナメル焼付層(以下、単に「エナメル層」ともいう)2は、エナメル樹脂で少なくとも1層に形成され、1層であっても複数層であってもよい。エナメル層を形成するエナメル樹脂としては、従来用いられているものを使用することができ、例えば、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエステルイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリイミドヒダントイン変性ポリエステル、ポリアミド、ホルマール、ポリウレタン、ポリエステル、ポリビニルホルマール、エポキシ、ポリヒダントインが挙げられる。エナメル樹脂は、耐熱性に優れる、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリエステルイミド、ポリエーテルイミド、ポリイミドヒダントイン変性ポリエステルなどのポリイミド系樹脂が好ましい。
エナメル樹脂は、なかでもポリアミドイミド、ポリイミドが好ましく、ポリアミドイミドが特に好ましい。
また、エナメル樹脂は、25℃における比誘電率ε1が上述の範囲内にあるのに加えて、高温下でも優れた絶縁性能を発揮できる点で、250℃における比誘電率ε1’が、6.0以下が好ましく、5.0以下がさらに好ましい。比誘電率ε1’の下限は特に下限は制限するものではないが実際的には3.0以上が好ましい。
エナメル樹脂の比誘電率ε1及びε1’は、市販の誘電率測定装置を用いて、測定温度25℃又は250℃において、測定できる。測定温度、周波数については、必要に応じて変更するものであるが、本発明においては、特に記載の無い限り、100Hzにおいて測定した値を意味する。
押出被覆樹脂層は、部分放電開始電圧の高い絶縁ワイヤを得るために、エナメル層の外側に少なくとも1層設けられ、1層であっても複数層であってもよい。
なお、本発明においては、押出被覆樹脂層を複数層有する場合は、各層間で同一の樹脂が好ましい。すなわち、エナメル層側に最も近い押出被覆樹脂層に含まれる樹脂と同じ樹脂で形成された層が積層される。ここで、樹脂が同じであれば、各層間で樹脂以外の添加物の有無、種類、配合量が異なっていてもよい。本発明では、押出被覆樹脂層は1層または2層が好ましく、1層が特に好ましい。
ここで、1層とは、層を構成する樹脂および含有する添加物が全く同じ層を積層した場合は同一層とするものであり、同一樹脂で構成されていても添加物の種類や配合量が異なるなど、層を構成する組成物が異なる場合を層の数としてカウントする。
これは、押出被覆樹脂層以外の他の層においても同様である。
さらに前記熱可塑性樹脂として、熱可塑性ポリイミド(PI)、芳香環を有するポリアミド(芳香族ポリアミドという)、芳香環を有するポリエステル(芳香族ポリエステルという)、ポリケトン(PK)、ポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN)等が挙げられる。
また、この熱可塑性樹脂は、25℃における比誘電率ε2が上述の範囲内にあるのに加えて、高温下でも優れた絶縁性能を発揮できる点で、250℃における比誘電率ε2’が6.0以下であるのが好ましく、5.0以下であるのがさらに好ましい。比誘電率ε2’の下限は特に制限するものではないが、実際的には2.0以上が好ましい。
熱可塑性樹脂の比誘電率ε2及びε2’は、市販の誘電率測定装置を用いて、測定温度25℃又は250℃において、測定できる。測定温度、周波数については、必要に応じて変更するものであるが、本発明においては、特に記載の無い限り、100Hzにおいて測定した値を意味する。
引張弾性率は、動的粘弾性測定(DMS)により、測定できる。具体的には、25℃から280℃の温度範囲において連続又は断続的に、引張モード、周波数10Hz、歪み量1/1000、測定温度は昇温速度5℃/分で変えながら、測定する。測定時の制御モード、周波数、歪み量、測定温度等は必要に応じて変えられるものである。
押出被覆樹脂層を形成する熱可塑性樹脂は1種独でもよく、2種以上を用いてもよい。なお、熱可塑性樹脂は、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び比誘電率が上述の範囲又は後述する範囲から外れない程度であれば、他の樹脂やエラストマー等をブレンドしたものでもよい。
また、エナメル焼付層と押出被覆樹脂層とを合わせた絶縁層全体の比誘電率は、250℃において5.0以下である。高温では一般的に樹脂の誘電率は上昇し、かつ空気の密度減少にともなって部分放電開始電圧は必然的に低下するが、250℃における比誘電率が5.0以下であると、高温下、例えば250℃での部分放電開始電圧の低下を抑えることができる。部分放電開始電圧の低下をより一層抑えることができる点で、250℃における比誘電率は、4.8以下が好ましく、下限は特に制限するものではないが、実際的には4.0以上が好ましい。
静電容量は、LCRハイテスタ(日置電機株式会社製、型式3532-50(商品名:LCRハイテスタ))、及び、常温(25℃)の乾燥空気中に24時間以上放置した絶縁ワイヤを用いて、測定温度を25℃及び250℃に設定し、所定の温度に設定した恒温槽に絶縁ワイヤを入れて温度が一定になった時点で測定する。
また、接着層は2層以上の積層構造であっても構わないが、この場合、各層の樹脂は互いに同じ樹脂が好ましい。本発明においては、接着層は1層が好ましい。
1.8×3.4mm(厚さ×幅)で四隅の面取り半径r=0.3mmの平角導体(酸素含有量15ppmの銅)を準備した。エナメル層の形成に際しては、導体の形状と相似形のダイスを使用して、ポリアミドイミド樹脂(PAI)ワニス(日立化成製、商品名:HI406、比誘電率ε1:3.9)を導体へコーティングし、450℃に設定した炉長8mの焼付炉内を、焼き付け時間15秒となる速度で通過させ、この1回の焼き付け工程で厚さ5μmのエナメルを形成した。これを繰り返し行うことで厚さ25μmのエナメル層を形成し、被膜厚さ25μmのエナメル線を得た。
エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表2~4に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてPEEK押出被覆エナメル線からなる各絶縁ワイヤを得た。各押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表2に示す。押出温条件は表1に従って行った。
エナメル樹脂としてポリアミドイミドに代えてポリイミド樹脂(PI)ワニス(ユニチカ製、商品名:Uイミド、比誘電率ε1:3.5)を用い、エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表2に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてPEEK押出被覆エナメル線からなる各絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表2に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
押出被覆樹脂としてPEEKに代えて変性ポリエーテルエーテルケトン(modified-PEEK、ソルベイスペシャリティポリマーズ製、商品名:アバスパイアAV-650、比誘電率ε2:3.1、融点340℃)を用いて、エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表2に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、modified-PEEK押出被覆エナメル線からなる絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表2に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
押出被覆樹脂としてPEEKに代えてポリエチレンナフタレート(PEN、帝人化成製、商品名:テオネックスTN8065S、比誘電率ε2:3.5、融点265℃)を用いて、エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表2に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例5と同様にして、PEN押出被覆エナメル線からなる絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表2に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
エナメル層と押出被覆樹脂層の間に接着層を設けたこと以外は実施例2、3、4と同様にしてPEEK押出被覆エナメル線からなる絶縁ワイヤを得た。接着層は、N-メチル-2-ピロリドン(NMP)にポリエーテルイミド樹脂(PEI)(サビックイノベーティブプラスチックス製、商品名:ウルテム1010)を溶解させ、20質量%溶液とした樹脂ワニスを、導体の形状と相似形のダイスを使用して、前記エナメル層の外周上へコーティングし、エナメル層と同じ条件で焼付炉内を通過させ、これを繰り返し1~2回行うことで厚さ3μmまたは6μmの接着層を形成した(1回の焼き付け工程で形成される厚さは3μm)。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表3に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表4に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてPEEK押出被覆エナメル線からなる各絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表4に示す。押出温条件は表1に従って行った。
押出被覆樹脂としてPEEKに代えてポリアミド66(PA66、旭化成製、商品名:レオナ1402、比誘電率ε2:11、融点265℃)を用いて、押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表4に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、PA66押出被覆エナメル線からなる絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表4に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
押出被覆樹脂としてPEEKに代えてポリフェニレンスルフィド(PPS、DIC製、商品名:FZ-2100、比誘電率ε2:3.2、融点277℃)を用いて、エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層の厚さを表4に示す厚さに変更したこと以外は実施例1と同様にしてPPS押出被覆エナメル線からなる各絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表4に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
エナメル層を設けることなく導体上に表4に示す厚さの押出被覆樹脂層を直接設けたこと以外は実施例1と同様にして、PEEK押出被覆線からなる絶縁ワイヤを得た。押出被覆樹脂層の、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値及び上述の測定方法による結晶化度を表4に示す。押出温度条件は表1に従った。
実施例1~10、比較例1~6及び参考例1における押出温度条件を表1に示す。
表1において、C1、C2、C3は押出機のシリンダー部分における温度制御を分けて行っている3ゾーンを材料投入側から順に示したものである。また、Hは押出機のシリンダーの後ろにあるヘッドを示す。また、Dはヘッドの先にあるダイを示す。
比誘電率は、絶縁ワイヤの静電容量を測定し、静電容量と導体及び絶縁ワイヤの外径から、上述の式に基づいて、算出した。静電容量の測定には、上述の通り、LCRハイテスタ(日置電機株式会社製、型式3532-50)を用いて、25℃及び250℃にて、測定した。
部分放電開始電圧の測定には、菊水電子工業製の部分放電試験機「KPD2050」(商品名)を用いた。断面形状が方形の絶縁ワイヤを、2本の絶縁ワイヤの長辺となる面同士を長さ150mmに亘って隙間が無いように重ね合わせた試料を作製した。この2本の導体間に50Hz正弦波の交流電圧を加えることで測定した。昇圧は50V/秒の割合で一様な速さとして、10pCの部分放電が発生した時点の電圧を読み取った。測定温度は25℃及び250℃とし、所定の温度に設定した恒温槽に絶縁ワイヤを入れ、温度が一定になった時点で測定した。測定温度25℃において、測定値が1kVp(波高値)以上であった場合を合格として「○」で表し、1kVp(波高値)未満であった場合を不合格として「×」で表した。また、測定温度250℃において、測定値が25℃の測定値の50%以上を保持していた場合を合格として「○」で表し、25℃の測定値の50%未満であった場合を不合格として「×」で表した。なお、表4において「ND」は測定していないことを意味する。
絶縁破壊電圧は、絶縁ワイヤに金属箔を巻き付け、導体と金属箔間に50Hz正弦波の交流電圧を加えることで測定した。昇圧は500V/秒の割合で一様な速さとして、検出感度は5mAとして、これ以上の電流が流れたときの印加電圧を実効値で読み取った。測定温度は25℃及び250℃とし、所定の温度に設定した恒温槽に絶縁ワイヤを入れ、温度が一定になった時点で測定した。評価は、測定温度250℃での絶縁破壊電圧が測定温度25℃での絶縁破壊電圧に対して50%以上保持できたものを合格として「○」で表し、25℃の絶縁破壊電圧に対して50%未満であった場合を不合格として「×」で表した。なお、表4において「ND」は測定していないことを意味する。
加工前後の電気絶縁性維持特性を次のようにして評価した。すなわち、電線を直径が30mmの鉄芯に巻付け、恒温槽内で250℃まで昇温させて30分保持した。恒温槽から取り出した後に、押出被覆樹脂層に亀裂、変色の有無を目視にて調べた。押出被覆樹脂層に亀裂、変色が確認できなければ、恒温槽から取り出した電線に3kVの電圧を1分間通電しても絶縁破壊しないことが確認されている。鉄芯巻付、加熱後絶縁破壊試験の評価は、恒温槽から取り出した電線に亀裂、変形、変色等の異常が確認できなかった場合を合格として、亀裂、変形、変色が無く特に優れる場合を「◎」、変色はわずかにみられるものの、亀裂、変形はみられず優れる場合を「○」で表し、異常が確認できた場合を不合格として「×」で表した。なお、表4において「ND」は測定していないことを意味する。
絶縁ワイヤの熱老化特性を次のようにして評価した。JIS C 3003エナメル線試験方法の、7.可撓性に従って巻き付けたものを、190℃に設定した高温槽へ投入した。1000時間静置した後の、エナメル層又は押出被覆樹脂層に亀裂の有無を目視にて調べた。エナメル層及び押出被覆樹脂層に亀裂等の異常が確認できなかった場合を合格とし、変色がきわめて小さく、変形、亀裂がまったく無く特に優れるものを「◎」、変色はみられるものの、変形、亀裂はみられず優れる場合を「○」で表し、異常が確認できた場合を不合格として「×」で表した。なお、表4において「ND」は測定していないことを意味する。
総合評価は、上述の各試験の評価がいずれも「○」又は「◎」である場合を合格とし、「◎」評価を有し、特に優れるものを「◎」で、「○」評価のみを有する優れるものを「○」で表し、上述の各試験の評価に1つでも「×」がある場合を不合格として「×」で表した。
比較例2の結果から、押出被覆樹脂層を形成する熱可塑性樹脂の25℃における比誘電率ε2が3.5を上回ると、250℃における比誘電率ε2’が5.0を上回ると、合計厚さが50μm以上であっても25℃における部分放電開始電圧が1kVpに達しないうえに、高温下での部分放電開始電圧の低下が著しいことがわかった。
実施例2~6及び比較例3と比較例4との比較から、押出被覆層が200μmを超える場合は、鉄芯に巻付けて加熱後、ワイヤ表面に変形や白色化した箇所が観察でき、絶縁性能の低下が見られ、加工前後での電気絶縁性維持特性に劣ることがわかった。
実施例1~6の結果から、押出被覆樹脂層を形成する樹脂としてPEEKを選択すると、高温下の絶縁性能及び部分放電開始電圧をさらに改善できるうえ絶縁ワイヤの耐熱劣化性を満足できることがわかった。
なお、参考例1に示されように、エナメル層を設けないと高温下における絶縁破壊電圧は小さいことから、厚さ及び合計厚さ並びに比誘電率が特定されたエナメル層との組み合わせによって、高温下の絶縁性能が向上したといえる。
また、比較例3及び6の結果から、25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値が100MPa未満の場合、鉄芯に巻付けて加熱後、ワイヤ表面に変形した箇所が観察でき、機械特性の低下が見られ、加工前後の電気絶縁性維持特性に劣り、高温下での絶縁性能を損なうことがわかった。
本発明の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤは、モーターやトランス等に用いられて高性能の電気・電子機器を提供できる。
2 エナメル焼付層
3 押出被覆樹脂層
Claims (4)
- 導体の外周に、少なくとも1層のエナメル焼付層と、該エナメル焼付層の外側に押出被覆樹脂層とを有し、
該押出被覆樹脂層が1層であって、該樹脂層の樹脂が、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、熱可塑性ポリイミド、芳香環を有するポリアミド、芳香環を有するポリエステルおよびポリケトンから選択される樹脂であって、
該エナメル焼付層と該押出被覆樹脂層との合計厚さが50μm以上、前記エナメル焼付層の厚さが50μm以下、前記押出被覆樹脂層の厚さが200μm以下であり、
前記押出被覆樹脂層の25~250℃における引張弾性率の最小値が100MPa以上400MPa以下であり、
前記エナメル焼付層と前記押出被覆樹脂層とを合わせた絶縁層の比誘電率が25℃において3.0以上3.5以下であり、250℃において4.0以上5.0以下であり、
前記エナメル焼付層の250℃における比誘電率(ε1’)と前記押出被覆樹脂層の250℃における比誘電率(ε2’)の関係が、2.0≧(ε2’/ε1’)>1 を満たす耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。 - 前記押出被覆樹脂層が、ポリエーテルエーテルケトンの層である請求項1に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
- 前記導体が、矩形状の断面を有している請求項1又は2に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
- 前記エナメル焼付層の厚さが40μm以下である請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の耐インバータサージ絶縁ワイヤ。
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EP13874521.1A EP2843669B1 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-10-29 | Invertor-surge resistant insulated wire |
CN201380014979.1A CN104170024B (zh) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-10-29 | 抗变频器浪涌绝缘电线 |
KR1020147023370A KR101688711B1 (ko) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-10-29 | 내 인버터 서지 절연 와이어 |
CA2867657A CA2867657C (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2013-10-29 | Inverter surge-resistant insulated wire |
US14/500,414 US9224523B2 (en) | 2013-02-05 | 2014-09-29 | Inverter surge-resistant insulated wire |
HK15101335.5A HK1200973A1 (zh) | 2013-02-05 | 2015-02-06 | 抗變頻器浪涌絕緣電線 |
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EP (1) | EP2843669B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP5391341B1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR101688711B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN104170024B (ja) |
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HK (1) | HK1200973A1 (ja) |
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JP2014154262A (ja) | 2014-08-25 |
TW201432732A (zh) | 2014-08-16 |
CA2867657C (en) | 2018-01-16 |
KR101688711B1 (ko) | 2016-12-21 |
TWI490887B (zh) | 2015-07-01 |
US9224523B2 (en) | 2015-12-29 |
CA2867657A1 (en) | 2014-08-14 |
JP5391341B1 (ja) | 2014-01-15 |
KR20150035486A (ko) | 2015-04-06 |
CN104170024A (zh) | 2014-11-26 |
EP2843669A4 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
EP2843669B1 (en) | 2017-02-22 |
MY162025A (en) | 2017-05-31 |
US20150021067A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
CN104170024B (zh) | 2016-03-02 |
EP2843669A1 (en) | 2015-03-04 |
HK1200973A1 (zh) | 2015-08-14 |
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