WO2013172588A1 - 무선 통신 시스템에서 위치 측정 방법 - Google Patents
무선 통신 시스템에서 위치 측정 방법 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2013172588A1 WO2013172588A1 PCT/KR2013/004038 KR2013004038W WO2013172588A1 WO 2013172588 A1 WO2013172588 A1 WO 2013172588A1 KR 2013004038 W KR2013004038 W KR 2013004038W WO 2013172588 A1 WO2013172588 A1 WO 2013172588A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W64/00—Locating users or terminals or network equipment for network management purposes, e.g. mobility management
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/0205—Details
- G01S5/0236—Assistance data, e.g. base station almanac
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S5/00—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations
- G01S5/02—Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more direction or position line determinations; Position-fixing by co-ordinating two or more distance determinations using radio waves
- G01S5/10—Position of receiver fixed by co-ordinating a plurality of position lines defined by path-difference measurements, e.g. omega or decca systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
- H04W4/02—Services making use of location information
- H04W4/029—Location-based management or tracking services
Definitions
- the present invention relates to wireless communication, and more particularly, to a method and apparatus for measuring position in a wireless communication system.
- Terminal positioning for estimating the position of a user equipment has recently been used for various purposes in real life, and thus a more precise terminal positioning method is required.
- the terminal positioning technique can be largely classified into four methods.
- GPS Global Positioning System
- Terrestrial positioning based method estimate the position of the terminal using the timing difference of the signal transmitted from the base stations. Signals must be received from at least three base stations, and the performance of location estimation is lower than that of the GPS-based method, but can be used in almost all environments.
- a synchronization signal or a reference signal (RS) is mainly used as a signal received from a base station, and according to a wireless communication system to be applied, an OTDOA (Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) is used in a UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN).
- GERAN GSM / EDGE Radio Access Network
- E-OTD Enhanced Observed Time Difference
- AFLT Advanced Forward Link Trilateration
- the reference signal may be used to estimate the position of the terminal.
- the reference signal may include a synchronization signal.
- the UE may receive reference signals transmitted from a plurality of cells and use a difference in delay of each signal.
- the terminal may report the difference of the corresponding delay time to the base station so that the base station can calculate the position of the terminal or calculate the position by itself.
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) TS36.355 V9.0.0 (2009-12)
- LTE Long Term Evolution
- RSTD Measured values such as Reference Signal Time Difference
- LTP LTE Positioning Protocol
- the LPP uses point-to-point between a location server, such as an E-SMLC, and a target device, such as a terminal, to estimate the location of the target device using location relationship measurements from one or more reference signals.
- a location server such as an E-SMLC
- a target device such as a terminal
- point-to-point can be defined as point-to-point.
- the present invention aims to further improve the accuracy of the RSTD.
- the location measuring method includes receiving Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) assistance data from a location server; Increasing an FFT sampling size when a value of a bandwidth of a Positioning Reference Signal (PRS) included in the OTDOA assistance data is smaller than a first value; Processing the received plurality of PRSs through the increased FFT sampling size; The method may include calculating a reference signal time difference (RSTD) between the plurality of received PRSs.
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- another disclosure of the present disclosure also provides a terminal for performing a position measurement in a wireless communication system.
- the terminal includes an RF unit for receiving Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) assistance data from a location server;
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- PRS Positioning Reference Signal
- the FFT sampling size is increased and the plurality of received PRSs are processed through the increased FFT sampling size.
- It may include a processor for calculating a reference signal time difference (RSTD) between a plurality of received PRSs.
- RSTD reference signal time difference
- the FFT sampling size may be increased from 128 to 256 or 512.
- the FFT sampling size may be increased from 256 to 512.
- N data of the PRS signal may be divided into two or more portions, and then bit 0 may be filled in the center portion thereof.
- bit 0 may be filled between N data of the PRS signal, respectively.
- 1 is a wireless communication system.
- FIG. 2 shows a structure of a radio frame in 3GPP LTE.
- FIG 3 shows an example of a resource grid for one downlink slot.
- 5 shows a structure of an uplink subframe.
- 6 and 7 illustrate an example of a PRS pattern mapped to a resource block.
- FIG. 8 illustrates an example of an operation of a downlink Observed Time Difference Of Arrival (OTDOA) method among ground location based methods.
- OTDOA Observed Time Difference Of Arrival
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a secondary data exchange process between the UE and the E-SMLC through LPP.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of a data exchange process between an E-SMLC and a base station through LPPa.
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary location information transfer process.
- 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of improving accuracy according to another embodiment provided herein.
- FIG. 16 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a method of increasing the FFT sampling size shown in FIG. 15.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system in which an embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
- CDMA code division multiple access
- FDMA frequency division multiple access
- TDMA time division multiple access
- OFDMA orthogonal frequency division multiple access
- SC-FDMA single carrier frequency division multiple access
- CDMA may be implemented with a radio technology such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) or CDMA2000.
- TDMA may be implemented with wireless technologies such as Global System for Mobile communications (GSM) / General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) / Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE).
- GSM Global System for Mobile communications
- GPRS General Packet Radio Service
- EDGE Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution
- OFDMA may be implemented in a wireless technology such as IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802-20, Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), or the like.
- IEEE 802.16m is an evolution of IEEE 802.16e and provides backward compatibility with systems based on IEEE 802.16e.
- UTRA is part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS).
- 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Long Term Evolution (LTE) is part of Evolved UMTS (E-UMTS) using Evolved-UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA), which employs OFDMA in downlink and SC in uplink -FDMA is adopted.
- LTE-A Advanced
- 3GPP LTE Advanced
- 1 is a wireless communication system.
- the wireless communication system 10 includes at least one base station (BS) 11.
- Each base station 11 provides a communication service for a particular geographic area (generally called a cell) 15a, 15b, 15c.
- the cell can in turn be divided into a number of regions (called sectors).
- the UE 12 may be fixed or mobile, and may include a mobile station (MS), a mobile terminal (MT), a user terminal (UT), a subscriber station (SS), a wireless device, and a PDA. (Personal Digital Assistant), a wireless modem (wireless modem), a handheld device (handheld device) may be called other terms.
- the base station 11 generally refers to a fixed station communicating with the terminal 12, and may be referred to as other terms such as an evolved-NodeB (eNB), a base transceiver system (BTS), an access point, and the like. have.
- eNB evolved-NodeB
- BTS base transceiver system
- access point and the like. have.
- a terminal typically belongs to one cell, and a cell to which the terminal belongs is called a serving cell.
- a base station that provides a communication service for a serving cell is called a serving BS. Since the wireless communication system is a cellular system, there are other cells adjacent to the serving cell. Another cell adjacent to the serving cell is called a neighbor cell.
- a base station that provides communication service for a neighbor cell is called a neighbor BS. The serving cell and the neighbor cell are relatively determined based on the terminal.
- downlink means communication from the base station 11 to the terminal 12
- uplink means communication from the terminal 12 to the base station 11.
- the transmitter may be part of the base station 11 and the receiver may be part of the terminal 12.
- the transmitter may be part of the terminal 12 and the receiver may be part of the base station 11.
- the wireless communication system is any one of a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system, a multiple-input single-output (MIS) system, a single-input single-output (SISO) system, and a single-input multiple-output (SIMO) system.
- MIMO multiple-input multiple-output
- MIS multiple-input single-output
- SISO single-input single-output
- SIMO single-input multiple-output
- the MIMO system uses a plurality of transmit antennas and a plurality of receive antennas.
- the MISO system uses multiple transmit antennas and one receive antenna.
- the SISO system uses one transmit antenna and one receive antenna.
- the SIMO system uses one transmit antenna and multiple receive antennas.
- the transmit antenna means a physical or logical antenna used to transmit one signal or stream
- the receive antenna means a physical or logical antenna used to receive one signal or stream.
- FIG. 2 shows a structure of a radio frame in 3GPP LTE.
- a radio frame consists of 10 subframes, and one subframe consists of two slots. Slots in a radio frame are numbered with slots # 0 through # 19. The time taken for one subframe to be transmitted is called a Transmission Time Interval (TTI). TTI may be referred to as a scheduling unit for data transmission. For example, one radio frame may have a length of 10 ms, one subframe may have a length of 1 ms, and one slot may have a length of 0.5 ms.
- One slot includes a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in the time domain and a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- the OFDM symbol is used to represent one symbol period since 3GPP LTE uses OFDMA in downlink, and may be called a different name according to a multiple access scheme.
- SC-FDMA when SC-FDMA is used as an uplink multiple access scheme, it may be referred to as an SC-FDMA symbol.
- a resource block (RB) includes a plurality of consecutive subcarriers in one slot in resource allocation units.
- the structure of the radio frame is merely an example. Accordingly, the number of subframes included in the radio frame, the number of slots included in the subframe, or the number of OFDM symbols included in the slot may be variously changed.
- 3GPP LTE defines that one slot includes 7 OFDM symbols in a normal cyclic prefix (CP), and one slot includes 6 OFDM symbols in an extended CP. .
- CP normal cyclic prefix
- a wireless communication system can be largely divided into a frequency division duplex (FDD) system and a time division duplex (TDD) system.
- FDD frequency division duplex
- TDD time division duplex
- uplink transmission and downlink transmission are performed while occupying different frequency bands.
- uplink transmission and downlink transmission are performed at different times while occupying the same frequency band.
- the channel response of the TDD scheme is substantially reciprocal. This means that the downlink channel response and the uplink channel response are almost the same in a given frequency domain. Therefore, in a TDD based wireless communication system, the downlink channel response can be obtained from the uplink channel response.
- the uplink transmission and the downlink transmission are time-divided in the entire frequency band, and thus the downlink transmission by the base station and the uplink transmission by the terminal cannot be simultaneously performed.
- uplink transmission and downlink transmission are performed in different subframes.
- FIG 3 shows an example of a resource grid for one downlink slot.
- the downlink slot includes a plurality of OFDM symbols in the time domain and NRB resource blocks in the frequency domain.
- the number NRB of resource blocks included in the downlink slot depends on the downlink transmission bandwidth set in the cell.
- the NRB may be any one of 60 to 110.
- One resource block includes a plurality of subcarriers in the frequency domain.
- the structure of the uplink slot may also be the same as that of the downlink slot.
- Each element on the resource grid is called a resource element (RE).
- an exemplary resource block includes 7 ⁇ 12 resource elements including 7 OFDM symbols in the time domain and 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain, but the number of OFDM symbols and the number of subcarriers in the resource block is equal to this. It is not limited. The number of OFDM symbols and the number of subcarriers can be variously changed according to the length of the CP, frequency spacing, and the like. For example, the number of OFDM symbols is 7 for a normal CP and the number of OFDM symbols is 6 for an extended CP. The number of subcarriers in one OFDM symbol may be selected and used among 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1536 and 2048.
- the downlink subframe includes two slots in the time domain, and each slot includes seven OFDM symbols in the normal CP.
- the leading up to 3 OFDM symbols (up to 4 OFDM symbols for 1.4Mhz bandwidth) of the first slot in the subframe are the control regions to which control channels are allocated, and the remaining OFDM symbols are the PDSCH (Physical Downlink Shared Channel). Becomes the data area to be allocated.
- PDCCH is a resource allocation and transmission format of downlink-shared channel (DL-SCH), resource allocation information of uplink shared channel (UL-SCH), paging information on PCH, system information on DL-SCH, random access transmitted on PDSCH Resource allocation of upper layer control messages such as responses, sets of transmit power control commands for individual UEs in any UE group, activation of Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), and the like.
- a plurality of PDCCHs may be transmitted in the control region, and the terminal may monitor the plurality of PDCCHs.
- the PDCCH is transmitted on an aggregation of one or several consecutive CCEs.
- CCE is a logical allocation unit used to provide a PDCCH with a coding rate according to a state of a radio channel.
- the CCE corresponds to a plurality of resource element groups.
- the format of the PDCCH and the number of bits of the PDCCH are determined according to the correlation between the number of CCEs and the coding rate provided by the CCEs
- the base station determines the PDCCH format according to the DCI to be sent to the terminal, and attaches a CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) to the control information.
- a unique identifier (RNTI: Radio Network Temporary Identifier) is masked according to an owner or a purpose of the PDCCH.
- RNTI Radio Network Temporary Identifier
- the PDCCH is for a specific terminal, a unique identifier of the terminal, for example, a C-RNTI (Cell-RNTI) may be masked to the CRC.
- a paging indication identifier for example, P-RNTI (P-RNTI) may be masked to the CRC.
- the system information identifier and the System Information-RNTI may be masked to the CRC.
- SI-RNTI System Information-RNTI
- a random access-RNTI RA-RNTI
- RA-RNTI may be masked to the CRC to indicate a random access response that is a response to the transmission of the random access preamble of the UE.
- 5 shows a structure of an uplink subframe.
- the uplink subframe may be divided into a control region and a data region in the frequency domain.
- the control region is allocated a Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) for transmitting uplink control information.
- the data region is allocated a physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) for transmitting data.
- the terminal may support simultaneous transmission of the PUSCH and the PUCCH.
- PUCCH for one UE is allocated to an RB pair in a subframe.
- Resource blocks belonging to a resource block pair occupy different subcarriers in each of the first slot and the second slot.
- the frequency occupied by the resource block belonging to the resource block pair allocated to the PUCCH is changed based on a slot boundary. This is called that the RB pair allocated to the PUCCH is frequency-hopped at the slot boundary.
- the terminal may obtain a frequency diversity gain by transmitting uplink control information through different subcarriers over time.
- m is a location index indicating a logical frequency domain location of a resource block pair allocated to a PUCCH in a subframe.
- the uplink control information transmitted on the PUCCH includes a hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) acknowledgment (ACK) / non-acknowledgement (NACK), a channel quality indicator (CQI) indicating a downlink channel state, and an SR that is an uplink radio resource allocation request.
- HARQ hybrid automatic repeat request
- ACK acknowledgment
- NACK non-acknowledgement
- CQI channel quality indicator
- SR scheduling request
- the uplink data transmitted on the PUSCH may be a transport block which is a data block for the UL-SCH transmitted during the TTI.
- the transport block may be user information.
- the uplink data may be multiplexed data.
- the multiplexed data may be a multiplexed transport block and control information for the UL-SCH.
- control information multiplexed with data may include CQI, PMI (Precoding Matrix Indicator), HARQ, RI (Rank Indicator), and the like.
- the uplink data may consist of control information only.
- the reference signal will be described below.
- Reference signals are generally transmitted in sequence.
- the reference signal sequence may use a PSK-based computer generated sequence.
- PSKs include binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK).
- the reference signal sequence may use a constant amplitude zero auto-correlation (CAZAC) sequence.
- CAZAC sequences are ZC-based sequences, ZC sequences with cyclic extensions, ZC sequences with truncation, etc. There is this.
- the reference signal sequence may use a pseudo-random (PN) sequence.
- PN sequences include m-sequences, computer generated sequences, Gold sequences, and Kasami sequences.
- the reference signal sequence may use a cyclically shifted sequence.
- the downlink reference signal refers to a cell-specific RS (CRS), an MBSFN reference signal, a UE-specific RS, a positioning reference signal (PRS), and a channel state information (CSI) reference. It may be divided into a signal (CSI-RS).
- the CRS is a reference signal transmitted to all terminals in the cell and may be used for both data demodulation or channel estimation.
- the CRS may be transmitted in all downlink subframes in a cell supporting PDSCH transmission.
- the MBSFN reference signal is a reference signal for providing a multimedia broadcast multicast service (MBMS) and may be transmitted in a subframe allocated for MBSFN transmission.
- the MBSFN reference signal may be defined only in the extended CP structure.
- the UE-specific reference signal is a reference signal received by a specific terminal or a specific group of terminals in a cell and may be referred to as a dedicated RS (DRS). Or, since the UE specific reference signal is mainly used for data demodulation (demodulation) of a specific terminal or a specific terminal group, it may be called a DMRS (Demodulation RS).
- CSI-RS may be used for estimation of channel state information in 3GPP LTE-A system.
- the CSI-RS may be relatively sparse in the frequency domain or the time domain and may be punctured in the data region of a general subframe or a multimedia broadcast and multicast single frequency network (MBSFN) subframe.
- CSI-RS When necessary through the estimation of the CSI, a channel quality indicator (CQI), a precoding matrix indicator (PMI), and a rank indicator (RI) may be reported from the terminal.
- CQI channel quality indicator
- PMI precoding matrix indicator
- RI rank indicator
- the CSI-RS may be transmitted through one, two, four or eight antenna ports.
- the PRS is a reference signal defined for position estimation of the UE and may be transmitted in a resource block in a downlink subframe configured for transmission of the PRS.
- the downlink subframe configured for the transmission of the PRS may be referred to as a positioning subframe. If both the normal subframe and the MBSFN subframe are configured in the positioning subframe in the cell, the OFDM symbol set to transmit the PRS in the MBSFN subframe uses the same CP structure that the first subframe of the radio frame uses. If only the MBSFN subframe is configured as a positioning subframe in the cell, the OFDM symbol set to transmit the PRS uses an extended CP structure.
- the PRS is not mapped to a resource element to which a Physical Broadcast Channel (PBCH), a Primary Synchronization Signal (PSS), or a Secondary Synchronization Signal (SSS) is mapped.
- PBCH Physical Broadcast Channel
- PSS Primary Synchronization Signal
- SSS Secondary Synchronization Signal
- the PRS sequence may be defined by Equation 1.
- Equation 1 ns denotes a slot number in a radio frame, and l denotes an OFDM symbol number in a slot.
- m is 0,1, ..., 2N RB max, DL -1.
- 2N RB max, DL is the number of resource blocks corresponding to the maximum bandwidth in downlink.
- 2N RB max, DL is 110 in 3GPP LTE.
- c (i) is a pseudo random sequence in a PN sequence and may be defined by a Gold sequence of length-31. Equation 2 shows an example of the gold sequence c (n).
- Nc 1600
- x 1 (i) is the first m-sequence
- x 2 (i) is the second m-sequence.
- the first m-sequence or the second m-sequence may be initialized for each OFDM symbol according to a cell ID, a slot number in one radio frame, an OFDM symbol index in a slot, a type of CP, and the like.
- N CP is 1 in the normal CP structure and 0 in the extended CP structure.
- the PRS sequence r l, ns (m) may be mapped by Equation 3 to the complex modulation symbol a k, l (p) in the slot n s .
- Equation 3 In the case of a normal CP, k, l, m, m 'in Equation 3 may be determined by Equation 4.
- Equation 3 In the case of the extended CP, k, l, m, m 'in Equation 3 may be determined by Equation 5.
- 6 and 7 illustrate an example of a PRS pattern mapped to a resource block.
- 6 illustrates a case in which a PRS is mapped to a resource block in the case of a normal CP.
- 6- (a) shows a PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is one or two
- FIG. 6- (b) shows a PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is four.
- 7 illustrates a case in which a PRS is mapped to a resource block in case of an extended CP.
- 7- (a) shows the PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is one or two
- FIG. 7- (b) shows the PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is four.
- PRSs are mapped in a diagonal pattern within a resource block.
- Table 1 shows a cell specific subframe configuration period TPRS and a cell specific subframe offset ⁇ PRS.
- PRS configuration index IPRS may be given by a higher layer.
- the PRS may be transmitted only within a downlink subframe configured to transmit the PRS.
- the PRS may not be transmitted in a special subframe of the TDD system.
- the PRS may be transmitted in NPRS consecutive downlink subframes, and the NPRS may be given by an upper layer. In addition, may satisfy with respect to the first subframe among the NPRS consecutive downlink subframes.
- 6 and 7 illustrate an example of a PRS pattern mapped to a resource block.
- 6 illustrates a case in which a PRS is mapped to a resource block in the case of a normal CP.
- 6- (a) shows a PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is one or two
- FIG. 6- (b) shows a PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is four.
- 7 illustrates a case in which a PRS is mapped to a resource block in case of an extended CP.
- 7- (a) shows the PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is one or two
- FIG. 7- (b) shows the PRS pattern when the number of PBCH antenna ports is four.
- PRSs are mapped in a diagonal pattern within a resource block.
- Table 1 shows a cell specific subframe configuration period TPRS and a cell specific subframe offset ⁇ PRS.
- PRS configuration index IPRS may be given by a higher layer.
- the PRS may be transmitted only within a downlink subframe configured to transmit the PRS.
- the PRS may not be transmitted in a special subframe of the TDD system.
- the PRS may be transmitted in N PRS consecutive downlink subframes, and the N PRS may be given by an upper layer.
- the method of estimating the position of the terminal may be classified into a global positioning system (GPS) based method and a terrestrial positioning based method.
- the terrestrial location-based method estimates the location of a terminal by using timing differences of signals transmitted from base stations. Signals must be received from at least three base stations, and the performance of location estimation is lower than that of the GPS-based method, but can be used in almost all environments.
- a signal received from the base station a synchronization signal or a reference signal may be mainly used.
- the terminal measures a reference clock based on a subframe transmitted from a serving cell currently receiving a service.
- a subframe is received from a second neighbor cell 2 at a time that is equal to TDOA 2 from the reference time.
- a subframe is received from a first neighbor cell 1 at a time elapsed by TDOA 1 longer than the TDOA 2 from the reference time.
- Each subframe transmitted by the plurality of cells may include a PRS.
- the UE can estimate the position of the UE by the difference in the reception time of the PRS transmitted from the serving cell and the neighbor cell.
- Reference Signal Time Difference (RSTD) between neighbor cell j and reference cell i may be defined as T subframeRxj -T subframeRxi , which is 3GPP TS 36.214 V9.1.0 (2010-03) 5.1. See section 12.
- T subframeRxj represents the time when the terminal receives the start of one subframe from cell j
- T subframeRxi represents one of the corresponding ones from cell i, which is closest in time to the subframe received by the terminal from cell j. Indicates the time when the start of the subframe is received.
- a reference point for measuring the RSTD may be an antenna connector of the terminal.
- FIG. 9 shows another example of an operation of a downlink OTDOA method among ground location based methods.
- the position of the terminal can be estimated by solving a linearized equation using Taylor series expansion. This is [Y. Chan and K. Ho, “A simple and efficient estimator for hyperbolic location,” IEEE Trans. Signal Processing, vol. 42, pp. 1905-1915, Aug. 1994].
- the UE and the Enhanced Serving Mobile Location Center may exchange information with each other by LTE Positioning Protocol (LPP).
- LPP LTE Positioning Protocol
- the UE measures the OTDOA of reference signals transmitted by a plurality of base stations and transmits the measurement result to the E-SMLC through the LPP, and the E-SMLC also transmits assistance data necessary for the UE to measure through the LPP. It can be transmitted to the terminal.
- FIG. 10 shows an example of a secondary data exchange process between the UE and the E-SMLC through LPP.
- the UE may request auxiliary data necessary for position estimation from the E-SMLC and receive auxiliary data from the E-SMLC. This may be referred to Section 5.2.1 of 3GPP TS36.355 V9.2.1 (2010-06).
- step S50 the terminal transmits an assistance data request message to the E-SMLC.
- step S51 the E-SMLC transmits an assistance data provide message including assistance data to the terminal.
- the transmitted auxiliary data may match or be a subset of the auxiliary data request message requested by the terminal.
- step S52 the E-SMLC may transmit one or more additional auxiliary data providing messages including additional auxiliary data to the terminal.
- the additional auxiliary data may match or be a subset of the auxiliary data request message requested by the terminal.
- the auxiliary data providing message that is transmitted last may include information indicating the end of the auxiliary data exchange.
- an auxiliary data providing message may be transmitted by an OTDOA auxiliary data providing IE (OTDOA-ProvideAssistanceData).
- OTDOA auxiliary data providing IE OTDOA auxiliary data providing IE
- Table 2 shows an example of the OTDOA auxiliary data providing IE. This may be referred to Section 6.5.1 of 3GPP TS36.355 V9.4.0 (2010-12).
- the OTDOA auxiliary data providing IE includes an OTDOA reference cell information IE (OTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo) and an OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE (OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList).
- OTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo OTDOA reference cell information IE
- OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE
- the terminal can propose a solution to the problem by defining at least one cell that can obtain the SFN as a reference cell or included in the neighbor cell list.
- the table below shows an example of the OTDOA reference cell information IE.
- the E-SMLC may transmit information of a reference cell, which is a reference for OTDOA measurement, to the terminal by the OTDOA reference cell information IE.
- the PRS information IE (PRS-Info) indicates PRS setting of a reference cell.
- the table below shows an example of the PRS information IE.
- Table 4 -ASN1STARTPRS-Info :: SEQUENCE ⁇ prs-Bandwidth ENUMERATED ⁇ n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100, ... ⁇ , prs-ConfigurationIndex INTEGER (0..4095), numDL-Frames ENUMERATED ⁇ sf- 1, sf-2, sf-4, sf-6, ... ⁇ , ...
- the PRS bandwidth (prs-Bandwidth) field indicates a bandwidth used for PRS transmission.
- the PRS bandwidth field may indicate the number of resource blocks on which the PRS is transmitted.
- the PRS configuration index (prs-ConfigurationIndex) field indicates the PRS configuration index IPRS of Table 1.
- the numDL-Frames field indicates the number NPRS of consecutive downlink subframes in which the PRS is transmitted.
- the value of the numDL-Frames field may be any one of 1, 2, 4, or 6.
- the table below shows an example of the OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE.
- the E-SMLC may transmit information of neighbor cells necessary for OTDOA measurement to the terminal by the OTDOA neighbor cell information IE.
- information about each neighbor cell may be sorted in descending order in the order of importance among neighbor cells measured by the terminal. That is, in the OTDOA measurement, the neighboring cell having the highest priority may be the first cell.
- the terminal measures the OTDOA according to the order of cells in the OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE provided by the E-SMLC. Meanwhile, the slot number offset field (slotNumberOffset) and the expected RSTD field (expectedRSTD) in the OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE may be defined relative to each neighbor cell based on the reference cell.
- the OTDOA neighbor cell information of each neighbor cell includes the PRS information IE like the OTDOA reference cell information IE of Table 3. Accordingly, PRS muting may be configured for each neighbor cell.
- LPPa provides a control plane radio network layer signaling process between a base station and an E-SMLC.
- FIG. 11 shows an example of a data exchange process between an E-SMLC and a base station through LPPa. This may be referred to Section 8.2.5 of 3GPP TS36.455 V9.2.0 (2010-06).
- step S60 the E-SMLC transmits an OTDOA information request message to the base station.
- the E-SMLC initiates an information exchange process between the E-SMLC and the base station by sending an OTDOA information request message.
- step S61 the base station transmits an OTDOA information response message to the E-SMLC.
- the OTDOA information response message includes OTDOA cell information of cells related to estimating the position of the terminal.
- the base station may operate by parameters such as a PRS configuration index, an SFN initialization time, a PRS muting configuration, and the like configured for each base station.
- the table below shows an example of OTDOA cell information of each cell transmitted by the UE.
- N PR Number of Antenna Ports M Enumeration (n1-or-n2, n4,%) Number of antenna ports used >> SFN Initialization Time M Bit string (64) Hour minute second time >> E-UTRAN Access Point Position M 9.2.8 Estimated geographic location of the cell antenna >> PRS Muting Configuration M 9.2.9 Composition of PRS Muting Pattern
- FIG. 12 is a flowchart illustrating an exemplary location information transfer process.
- the server transmits a location information request message, for example, Request Location Information message to the terminal.
- the request message may include the type of location information required and the associated QoS.
- the terminal transmits location information in response to the request.
- the delivered location information must match the requested location information unless the server explicitly allows additional location information. If additional location information is explicitly allowed, the terminal can additionally convey location information.
- the number of resource blocks (RB) corresponding to each bandwidth is as follows.
- Io is assumed to have an EPRE that spans the bandwidth.
- Ts is a reference time unit.
- the FFT sampling number is as follows.
- the first is to improve the interpolation method, and the second is to improve the sampling frequency.
- the first approach mentioned is to use interpolation in the time domain or frequency domain to achieve better RSTD accuracy than conventional performance. Specifically, the first approach uses linear interpolation, or averages and uses the same value.
- the simulation result of taking interpolation for the 1.4 MHz bandwidth can increase some accuracy compared to not taking the interpolation.
- simulation results with interpolation for the 3 MHz bandwidth can increase some accuracy compared to no interpolation.
- the improved RSTD accuracy can be summarized as follows.
- 15 is a flowchart illustrating a method of improving accuracy according to another embodiment provided herein.
- the terminal receives OTDOA Assistacne Data from the location server (S1510). Subsequently, the terminal checks the OTDOA reference cell information IE (OTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo) and the OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE (OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList) included in the OTDOA auxiliary data (S1520).
- OTDOA reference cell information IE OTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo
- OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList
- the terminal receives the PRS.
- PRS-Info included in the OTDOA reference cell information IE or the OTDOA neighbor cell information list IE
- the bandwidth indicated by the PRS bandwidth is smaller than 5 MHz (S530)
- the terminal receives the PRS.
- the FFT sampling size S1540
- the sampling rate can be used such as 8Ts or 4Ts smaller than 16Ts.
- the terminal should be able to flexibly support the bandwidth from 1.4MHz to 20MHz. Since the terminal supporting LTE is designed to flexibly change the channel bandwidth, it is possible.
- the terminal receives the PRS from the reference cell to measure the TOA (S1550), and also receives the PRS from the neighbor cell to measure the TOA (S1560). Subsequently, the terminal calculates an RSTD and transmits it to the server according to the request (S1570).
- FIG. 16 is an exemplary diagram illustrating a method of increasing the FFT sampling size shown in FIG. 15.
- N data i.e. 128 data
- the terminal increases the FFT sampling size to 256 or 512, for example. That is, the existing terminal separates 128 data into two parts (64 data each) and fills the center part with 128 bits 0 (zero) and transmits the data without increasing the FFT size.
- the data is divided into two parts as shown in FIG. 16 (b), and then zeros are filled between each data and the data.
- the detection probability is further increased.
- the detection time can be shortened.
- RSTD accuracy for carrier aggregation may be achieved by the smallest PRS bandwidth among the reference cell and the target neighbor cell when the secondary cell is deactivated and the reference cell and the target neighbor cell correspond to the Scell.
- FIG. 19 is a block diagram illustrating a wireless communication system in which an embodiment of the present invention is implemented.
- the base station 200 includes a processor 201, a memory 202, and an RF unit 203.
- the processor 201 implements the proposed functions, processes and / or methods. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 201.
- the memory 202 is connected to the processor 201 and stores various information for driving the processor 201.
- the RF unit 203 is connected to the processor 201 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
- the terminal 100 includes a processor 101, a memory 102, and an RF unit 103.
- the processor 101 implements the proposed functions, processes and / or methods. Layers of the air interface protocol may be implemented by the processor 101.
- the memory 102 is connected to the processor 101 and stores various information for driving the processor 101.
- the RF unit 103 is connected to the processor 101 and transmits and / or receives a radio signal.
- Processors 101 and 201 may include application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), other chipsets, logic circuits, and / or data processing devices.
- the memories 102 and 202 may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), flash memory, memory cards, storage media and / or other storage devices.
- the RF unit 830 and 930 may include a baseband circuit for processing a radio signal.
- the above-described technique may be implemented as a module (process, function, etc.) for performing the above-described function.
- the module may be stored in the memory 102, 202 and executed by the processor 101, 201.
- the memories 102 and 202 may be inside or outside the processors 101 and 201, and may be connected to the processors 101 and 201 by various well-known means.
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Abstract
Description
PRS configuration Index IPRS | PRS periodicity (subframes) TPRS | PRS subframe offset 2(subframes) |
0-159 | 160 | IPRS |
160-479 | 320 | IPRS-160 |
480-1119 | 640 | IPRS-480 |
1120-2399 | 1280 | IPRS-1120 |
2400-4095 | 예약됨 | 예약됨 |
-- ASN1STARTOTDOA-ProvideAssistanceData ::= SEQUENCE { otdoa-ReferenceCellInfo OTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo OPTIONAL, otdoa-NeighbourCellInfo OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList OPTIONAL, otdoa-Error OTDOA-Error OPTIONAL,...}-- ASN1STOP |
-- ASN1STARTOTDOA-ReferenceCellInfo ::= SEQUENCE { physCellId INTEGER (0..503), cellGlobalId ECGI OPTIONAL,-- Need ON earfcnRef ARFCN-ValueEUTRAOPTIONAL,--Cond NotSameAsServ0 antennaPortConfigENUMERATED {ports1-or-2, ports4, ... } OPTIONAL, -- Cond NotSameAsServ1 cpLength ENUMERATED { normal, extended, ... }, prsInfo PRS-Info OPTIONAL,-- Cond PRS... }-- ASN1STOP |
-- ASN1STARTPRS-Info ::= SEQUENCE {prs-Bandwidth ENUMERATED { n6, n15, n25, n50, n75, n100, ... }, prs-ConfigurationIndex INTEGER (0..4095), numDL-Frames ENUMERATED {sf-1, sf-2, sf-4, sf-6, ...},... |
-- ASN1STARTOTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoList ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..maxFreqLayers)) OF OTDOA-NeighbourFreqInfoOTDOA-NeighbourFreqInfo ::= SEQUENCE (SIZE (1..24)) OF OTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoElementOTDOA-NeighbourCellInfoElement ::= SEQUENCE { physCellId INTEGER (0..503), cellGlobalId ECGI OPTIONAL,-- Need ON earfcn ARFCN-ValueEUTRAOPTIONAL,-- Cond NotSameAsRef0 cpLength ENUMERATED {normal, extended, ...} OPTIONAL, -- Cond NotSameAsRef1 prsInfo PRS-Info OPTIONAL, -- Cond NotSameAsRef2 antennaPortConfig ENUMERATED {ports-1-or-2, ports-4, ...} OPTIONAL, -- Cond NotsameAsRef3 slotNumberOffset INTEGER(0..31) OPTIONAL,-- Cond NotSameAsRef4 prs-SubframeOffset INTEGER (0..1279)OPTIONAL,-- Cond InterFreq expectedRSTD INTEGER (0..16383), expectedRSTD-UncertaintyINTEGER (0..1023),...}maxFreqLayersINTEGER ::= 3-- ASN1STOP |
정보 엘리먼트/그룹 이름 | Presence | 범위 | 정보 엘리먼트 타입 및 레퍼런스 | 설명 |
OTDOA Cell Information | 1 to <maxnoOTDOAtypes> | |||
>CHOICE OTDOA Cell Information Item | M | |||
>>PCI | M | 정수(0..503, …) | 물리 셀 ID | |
>>Cell ID | M | ECGI9.2.6 | ||
>>TAC | M | 옥텍 스트링(2) | 트래킹 영역 코드 | |
>>EARFCN | M | 정수(0..65535) | FDD의 NDL에 대응 또는 TDD의 NDL/UL에 대응 | |
>>PRS Bandwidth | M | 열거(bw6, bw15, bw25, bw50, bw75, bw100, ...) | PRS의 전송 대역 | |
>>PRS Configuration Index | M | 정수(0..4095) | PRS 구성 인덱스 | |
>>CP Length | M | 열거(노멀, 확장,...) | PRS의 CP 길이 | |
>>Number of DL Frames | M | 열거 (sf1, sf2, sf4, sf6,…) | PRS가 존재하는 연속하는 하향링크 서브프레임의 개수 NPR | |
>>Number of Antenna Ports | M | 열거(n1-or-n2, n4,…) | 사용된 안테나 포트의 개수 | |
>>SFN Initialisation Time | M | 비트 스트링(64) | 시분초 시간 | |
>>E-UTRAN Access Point Position | M | 9.2.8 | 셀 안테나의 추정된 지리적 위치 | |
>>PRS Muting Configuration | M | 9.2.9 | PRS 뮤팅 패턴의 구성 |
대역폭[MHz] | 1.4 | 3 | 5 | 10 | 15 | 20 |
RB | 6 | 15 | 25 | 50 | 75 | 100 |
파라미터 | PRS 전송 대역[RB] | 측정을 위해 이용가능한 서브프레임의 개수 | 단위 | 정확도[Ts] | 조건 | |||
Bands 1, 4, 6, 10, 11, 18, 19, 21, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 &40 | Bands 2, 5, 7, 17 | Bands 3, 8, 12, 13, 14, 20 | Band 9 | |||||
Io | Io | Io | Io | |||||
RSTD for (PRS Es/Iot)ref = -6dB and (PRS Es/Iot)i = -13dB | 6, 15 | 6 | Ts | ±15 | -121dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -119dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -118dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -120dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel |
25 | 2 | ±6 | ||||||
50, 75, 100 | 1 | ±5 |
Channel BW | FFT 샘플 수 | Ts |
1.4MHz | 128 | 1/(128*15KHz) |
3MHz | 256 | 1/(256*15KHz) |
5MHz | 512 | 1/(512*15KHz) |
10MHz | 1024 | 1/(1024*15KHz) |
15MHz | 1536 | 1/(1536*15KHz) |
20MHz | 2048 | 1/(2048*15KHz) |
파라미터 | 서빙셀, 기준셀, 이웃셀 중PRS 최소 전송 대역[RB] | 서빙셀, 기준셀, 이웃셀 중측정을 위해 이용가능한 최소 서브프레임의 개수 | 단위 | 정확도[Ts] | 조건 | |||
Bands 1, 4, 6, 10, 11, 18, 19, 21, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, 39 and 40 | Bands 2, 5, 7 | Bands 3, 8, 12, 13, 14, 17, 20 | Band 9 | |||||
Io | Io | Io | Io | |||||
RSTD for (PRS Es/Iot)ref = -6dB and (PRS Es/Iot)i = -13dB | 6 | 6 | Ts | ±12 | -121dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -119dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -118dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel | -120dBm /15kHz -50dBm/ BWChannel |
15 | 4 | ±6 | ||||||
25 | 2 | ±6 | ||||||
50 | 1 | ±5 |
Claims (9)
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 위치 측정 방법으로서,위치 서버로부터 OTDOA(Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) 보조 데이터(Assistacne Data)를 수신하는 단계와;상기 OTDOA 보조 데이터에 포함된 PRS(Positioning Reference Signal)의 대역폭의 값이 제1값 보다 작은 경우, FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시키는 단계와;수신되는 복수의 PRS들을 상기 증가된 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 통해 처리하는 단계와;상기 수신되는 복수의 PRS들 간에 RSTD(Reference Signal Time Difference)를 계산하는 단계를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 위치 측정 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시키는 단계에서는상기 PRS의 대역폭 값이 1.4MHz인 경우, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 128에서 256,512 혹은 1024로 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 위치 측정 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시키는 단계에서는상기 PRS의 대역폭 값이 3MHz인 경우, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 256에서 512 혹은 1024로 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 위치 측정 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시키는 단계에서는상기 PRS 신호의 N개의 데이터들 사이에 비트 0을 각각 채우는 것을 특징으로 하는 위치 측정 방법.
- 제1항에 있어서,상기 PRS의 대역폭 값이 1.4MHz인 경우, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시킴으로써, 샘플링 레이트가 16Ts에서 8Ts 혹은 4Ts로 감소되는 것을 특징으로 하는 위치 측정 방법.
- 무선 통신 시스템에서 위치 측정을 수행하는 단말로서,위치 서버로부터 OTDOA(Observed Time Difference Of Arrival) 보조 데이터(Assistacne Data)를 수신하는 RF부와;상기 OTDOA 보조 데이터에 포함된 PRS(Positioning Reference Signal)의 대역폭의 값이 제1값 보다 작은 경우, FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 증가시키고, 수신되는 복수의 PRS들을 상기 증가된 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 통해 처리하여, 상기 수신되는 복수의 PRS들 간에 RSTD(Reference Signal Time Difference)를 계산하는 프로세서를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 하는 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는상기 PRS의 대역폭 값이 1.4MHz인 경우, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 128에서 256, 512 혹은 1024로 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는상기 PRS의 대역폭 값이 3MHz인 경우, 상기 FFT 샘플링 사이즈를 256에서 512 혹은 1024로 증가시키는 것을 특징으로 하는 단말.
- 제6항에 있어서, 상기 프로세서는상기 PRS 신호의 N개의 데이터들 사이에 비트 0을 각각 채우는 것을 특징으로 하는 단말.
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WO2015199392A1 (ko) * | 2014-06-23 | 2015-12-30 | 엘지전자(주) | 무선 통신 시스템에서 포지셔닝(Positioning)을 수행하기 위한 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
US10349371B2 (en) | 2014-06-23 | 2019-07-09 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for performing positioning in wireless communication system, and apparatus therefor |
WO2016032293A3 (ko) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-04-14 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 참조 신호 수신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
US10341980B2 (en) | 2014-08-28 | 2019-07-02 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for receiving reference signal in wireless communication system and device for same |
WO2016144028A1 (ko) * | 2015-03-06 | 2016-09-15 | 엘지전자 주식회사 | 무선 통신 시스템에서 참조 신호 수신 방법 및 이를 위한 장치 |
US10334554B2 (en) | 2015-03-06 | 2019-06-25 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Reference signal reception method in wireless communication system, and device for same |
US10368200B2 (en) | 2015-04-10 | 2019-07-30 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Device and method for position measurement in wireless communication system |
US10327106B2 (en) | 2015-09-10 | 2019-06-18 | Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd. | Method and apparatus for estimating position in a wireless communication system |
CN110062457A (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2019-07-26 | 电信科学技术研究院有限公司 | 一种定位方法和相关设备 |
CN110062457B (zh) * | 2018-01-19 | 2021-01-26 | 电信科学技术研究院有限公司 | 一种定位方法和相关设备 |
Also Published As
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KR20150016930A (ko) | 2015-02-13 |
US20150072708A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 |
US9313765B2 (en) | 2016-04-12 |
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