WO2012177977A2 - Flow compensator - Google Patents
Flow compensator Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012177977A2 WO2012177977A2 PCT/US2012/043708 US2012043708W WO2012177977A2 WO 2012177977 A2 WO2012177977 A2 WO 2012177977A2 US 2012043708 W US2012043708 W US 2012043708W WO 2012177977 A2 WO2012177977 A2 WO 2012177977A2
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- flow
- insert
- conduit
- inlet port
- compensator
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 62
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000906 Bronze Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010974 bronze Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000739 chaotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper tin Chemical compound [Cu].[Sn] KUNSUQLRTQLHQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013536 elastomeric material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007928 solubilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005063 solubilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/0003—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught the beverage being a single liquid
- B67D1/0014—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught the beverage being a single liquid the beverage being supplied from water mains
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/52—Adding ingredients
- A23L2/54—Mixing with gases
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D29/00—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor
- B01D29/11—Filters with filtering elements stationary during filtration, e.g. pressure or suction filters, not covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D27/00; Filtering elements therefor with bag, cage, hose, tube, sleeve or like filtering elements
- B01D29/13—Supported filter elements
- B01D29/15—Supported filter elements arranged for inward flow filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/232—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles
- B01F23/2323—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits
- B01F23/23231—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids using flow-mixing means for introducing the gases, e.g. baffles by circulating the flow in guiding constructions or conduits being at least partially immersed in the liquid, e.g. in a closed circuit
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/236—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids specially adapted for aerating or carbonating beverages
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
- B01F23/20—Mixing gases with liquids
- B01F23/23—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids
- B01F23/236—Mixing gases with liquids by introducing gases into liquid media, e.g. for producing aerated liquids specially adapted for aerating or carbonating beverages
- B01F23/2363—Mixing systems, i.e. flow charts or diagrams; Arrangements, e.g. comprising controlling means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
- B01F25/441—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits
- B01F25/4413—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the configuration of the surfaces forming the slits the slits being formed between opposed conical or cylindrical surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
- B01F25/442—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation
- B01F25/4421—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation the surfaces being maintained in a fixed position, spaced from each other, therefore maintaining the slit always open
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
- B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
- B01F25/40—Static mixers
- B01F25/44—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits
- B01F25/442—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation
- B01F25/4422—Mixers in which the components are pressed through slits characterised by the relative position of the surfaces during operation the surfaces being maintained in a fixed but adjustable position, spaced from each other, therefore allowing the slit spacing to be varied
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/0015—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught the beverage being prepared by mixing at least two liquid components
- B67D1/0021—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught the beverage being prepared by mixing at least two liquid components the components being mixed at the time of dispensing, i.e. post-mix dispensers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/0042—Details of specific parts of the dispensers
- B67D1/0043—Mixing devices for liquids
- B67D1/0044—Mixing devices for liquids for mixing inside the dispensing nozzle
- B67D1/0046—Mixing chambers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/0857—Cooling arrangements
- B67D1/0858—Cooling arrangements using compression systems
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/12—Flow or pressure control devices or systems, e.g. valves, gas pressure control, level control in storage containers
- B67D1/14—Reducing valves or control taps
- B67D1/1405—Control taps
- B67D1/1411—Means for controlling the build-up of foam in the container to be filled
- B67D1/1422—Means for controlling the build-up of foam in the container to be filled comprising foam avoiding means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/12—Flow or pressure control devices or systems, e.g. valves, gas pressure control, level control in storage containers
- B67D1/14—Reducing valves or control taps
- B67D1/1405—Control taps
- B67D1/145—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat
- B67D1/1455—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat the valve shutter being opened in the same direction as the liquid flow
- B67D1/1461—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat the valve shutter being opened in the same direction as the liquid flow the valve shutter being integral with a compensator
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
- B67D—DISPENSING, DELIVERING OR TRANSFERRING LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B67D1/00—Apparatus or devices for dispensing beverages on draught
- B67D1/08—Details
- B67D1/12—Flow or pressure control devices or systems, e.g. valves, gas pressure control, level control in storage containers
- B67D1/14—Reducing valves or control taps
- B67D1/1405—Control taps
- B67D1/145—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat
- B67D1/1466—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat the valve shutter being opened in a direction opposite to the liquid flow
- B67D1/1472—Control taps comprising a valve shutter movable in a direction perpendicular to the valve seat the valve shutter being opened in a direction opposite to the liquid flow the valve shutter being integral with a compensator
Definitions
- Water and carbon dioxide are generally immiscible under normal environmental conditions, i.e., room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Apparatuses and methods exist for producing carbonated water by creating conditions under which carbon dioxide will become water-soluble. Generally, carbon dioxide becomes more soluble in water as pressures increase and temperatures decrease.
- carbonation devices produce an outflow of carbonated water that is more turbulent than desired.
- the turbulence of the flow may degrade the level of carbonation or produce a poorly controlled or inconsistent output flow rate.
- the Reynolds number is a dimensionless number that gives a measure of the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a flow and consequently quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions.
- the Reynolds number may be used to characterize different flow regimes, such as laminar or turbulent flow. Laminar flow occurs at low Reynolds numbers, where viscous forces are dominant, and is characterized by smooth, constant fluid motion. Turbulent flow occurs at high Reynolds numbers and is dominated by inertial forces, which tend to produce chaotic eddies, vortices and other flow instabilities.
- a flow compensator may be provided and used to regulate the flow of carbonated water from a carbonator.
- the compensator may allow for adjustable control of the flow rate through the compensator, the level of carbonation, the turbulence of the flow, the flow velocity, or other flow properties.
- an apparatus including: a housing including a conduit having an inlet port and an outlet port; and an insert at least partially disposed within the conduit and including: a tapered portion extending from a narrower end proximal the inlet port to a wider end distal the inlet port.
- the apparatus also includes a facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit.
- the apparatus is configured to receive a mixed flow of liquid and gas at the inlet port, direct the mixed flow through the conduit around a portion of the insert disposed within the chamber, and outlet the mixed flow at the outlet port.
- the conduit includes a tubular passage extending along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end;
- the inlet port includes an aperture disposed about the longitudinal axis adjacent the proximal end of the tubular passage; and the outlet port includes an aperture oriented transverse to the inlet port and adjacent the distal end of the tubular passage.
- the tapered portion of the insert extends along the longitudinal axis of the tubular passage and cooperates with a wall of the passage to form a conical channel between the insert and the wall.
- a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis adjacent, of the conical channel is smaller than a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis, of a portion of the tubular passage adjacent the inlet port.
- the facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit is configured to adjust the cross sectional area of the conical channel.
- the tubular passage includes a tapered wall facing the tapered portion of the insert.
- the portion of the insert extending into the conduit has one or more surface features configured to interrupt or divert the mixed flow.
- the surface features are configured to divert at least a portion of the mixed flow towards the outlet port.
- the surface features are configured to reduce the velocity of at least a portion of the mixed flow in regions adjacent the features.
- the surface features include a plurality of protrusions from a surface of the insert.
- At least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a first ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert.
- At least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a second ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert, where the protrusions in the first ring are longitudinally offset and radially staggered from the protrusions in the second ring.
- the surface features include a plurality of ribs and channels.
- the ribs and channels extend from the wider end of the tapered portion of the insert towards and end of the insert located proximal the outlet channel.
- the facility includes a threaded attachment between the housing and insert.
- a system including: a carbonator having an outlet for dispensing a flow of carbonated water; and a flow compensator including the apparatus of any of the types described above.
- the outlet of the carbonator is in fluid communication with the inlet port of the flow compensator.
- the flow compensator is configured to decrease the turbulence of the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
- the flow compensator is configured to promote the mixing of carbon dioxide and water in the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
- the carbonator is an inline carbonator.
- a method including, using a flow compensator including the apparatus of any of the types described above: receiving an input flow of carbonated water at the inlet port; and dispensing an output flow of carbonated water from the outlet port.
- Some embodiments include using the flow compensator to reduce the turbulence of output flow relative to the input flow.
- Some embodiments include using the flow compensator to promote the mixing of water and carbon dioxide in the carbonated water.
- Some embodiments include: directing the input flow from the inlet port through a first relatively large cross section portion of the conduit to a relatively small cross section portion of the conduit, and directing the flow from the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit towards the outlet port to form the output flow.
- Some embodiments include providing substantially laminar flow through the at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
- Some embodiments include: maintaining substantially constant pressure in the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit. Some embodiments include interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
- Some embodiments include interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow using a surface feature on the insert to reduce the local velocity of the flow in a region adjacent the surface feature.
- the local velocity is reduced to less that 50% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
- the local velocity is reduced to less that 25% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
- Some embodiments include adjusting a flow rate of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
- Some embodiments include adjusting a carbonation level of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
- Various embodiments may include any of the above described elements, alone or in any suitable combination.
- Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system for dispensing carbonated water.
- Fig. 2A shows a disassembled view of a flow compensator. ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 2B shows an assembled view of the flow compensator of Fig. 2A. ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 3 is a detailed view of an insert for the flow compensator of Figs. 2A and 2B.
- Fig. 4 is a plot of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2A-2B.
- Fig. 5 is a plot showing the flow lines of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2A and 2B.
- Fig. 6 is a plot of the pressure of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2 A and 2B.
- Fig. 7A shows a disassembled view of a flow compensator with an insert featuring ribs and channels. ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 7B shows an assembled view of a flow compensator with an insert featuring ribs and channels. ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 7C is a detailed view of the insert from Figs. 7A and 7B showing the ribs and channels.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic of the fluid flow layer geometry through the compensator shown in Figs.
- Fig. 9 is a plot of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
- Fig. 10 is a plot showing the stream lines of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
- Fig. 11 is a plot of the pressure of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
- Fig. 12 is a plot of the Reynolds number of a carbonated water flow through the flow
- Figs 13A-C illustrate another compensator design.
- Fig. 13A shows a side view of the
- Fig. 13B is a side view of the compensator housing, ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 13C is a cross sectional view of the housing.
- Fig. 1 shows a system 100 for dispensing carbonated water.
- the system includes a water source 101 (e.g., a source of chilled and/or filtered water) and a carbon dioxide gas source 102.
- a carbonator 103 receives water and carbon dioxide gas from the sources 101, 102, and outputs a flow of carbonated water.
- the carbonator 103 is an in line carbonator, e.g., of the type described in U.S. Patent Application Ser. No.
- This reference describes an apparatus that can be placed in a water line path to create carbonated water for dispensing.
- the apparatus accepts carbon dioxide and water through an inlet path. From there the flow of carbon dioxide and water are passed through one or more dispersion elements arranged within the conduit to create a dispersed flow (e.g., an annular dispersed flow).
- the dispersed flow then passes through a passive accelerator within the conduit, thereby greatly increasing the kinetic energy of the system.
- the accelerated flow is directed to collide with a rigid impact surface immediately downstream of the passive accelerator. This collision creates sufficient pressure to solubilize the carbon dioxide into the water.
- a retention network is provided at the output of the apparatus to collect and regulate the flow of carbonated water.
- the carbonator 103 may include other (non-"in line") carbonator types.
- some carbonators use carbon dioxide sprayed into a water container.
- Other carbonators employ a carbonating tank, called a saturator, and a high-pressure water pump. Carbonated water is produced by pressurizing the saturator tank with carbon dioxide and filling the tank with chilled water. Due to the high pressures resident in the saturator tank, typically around 70 psi, a relatively expensive high pressure water pump may be required to inject water into the tank. Furthermore, under the conditions in the saturator tank, the carbon dioxide takes time to dissolve into to the water and achieve a palatable level of carbonization.
- the saturator is typically large enough to hold a ready supply of carbonated water for dispensing and does not create new carbonated water instantaneously on demand.
- the carbonated water flow output from the carbonator may have one or more undesirable characteristics, such as an unwanted level of turbulence, a flow rate that is inappropriate for dispensing, etc.
- undesirable characteristics such as an unwanted level of turbulence, a flow rate that is inappropriate for dispensing, etc.
- a high level of turbulence may degrade the level of carbonation.
- a poorly controlled or inconsistent output flow rate may result in spattering or other unwanted effects if the flow were to be dispensed directly from the carbonator 103.
- a flow compensator 105 receives the output flow from the carbonator 103, operates on the flow to regulate one or more properties of the flow (e.g., turbulence, flow rate, etc.) and outputs a regulated flow of carbonated water.
- the flow from the carbonator 105 may be relatively turbulent, e.g., characterized by an average (or peak) Reynolds number of 1000 or more, 1500 or more, 2000 or more 2500 or more, 3000 or more, 3500, or more, 4000 or more, etc.
- Figs. 2 A and 2B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the flow compensator 105.
- Fig. 2A is an exploded view and Fig. 2B is an assembled view.
- the flow compensator 105 includes a housing 201 and an insert member 202.
- the housing 201 includes an inlet port 203 and the insert member 202 includes an outlet port 204.
- the inlet and outlet ports 203, 204 include stem portions to facilitate connections with external devices (e.g., a connection between the output of carbonator 103 and the inlet port 203). In various embodiments any other type of (preferable fluid tight) connectors may be used.
- a conduit 205 extends through the housing 201. When assembled, a portion of insert 202 is positioned in the conduit 205. The insert 202 acts to seal the conduit 205 such that a flow of carbonated water into the inlet port 203 flows through the conduit along the insert 202 and is output through the outlet port 204.
- the flow compensator 105 includes a facility 206 for adjusting the position of the insert 202 inside the conduit 205.
- the facility 206 is made up of a threaded attachment between an end of the insert 202 and a corresponding threaded hole in the housing 201.
- the end of the insert 202 includes a pentagon handle that allows the insert 202 to be turned (e.g., using pliers) to advance or retract the insert 202 into or out of the conduit 205.
- any other type of adjustable attachment may be used.
- the facility 206 allows for adjustment of one or more properties (e.g., flow rate, turbulence, carbonation level, etc.) of the regulated flow output from the outlet port 204.
- the facility 206 may allow for adjustment of the position of the insert 202 while maintaining the fluid tight seal between the insert and housing.
- two O-rings 211 e.g., made of an elastomeric material such as rubber material
- the facility 206 may allow for adjustment of the position of the insert 202 while maintaining the fluid tight seal between the insert and housing.
- two O-rings 211 e.g., made of an elastomeric material such as rubber material
- the conduit 205 extends along a longitudinal axis (indicated with a dotted line) from a proximal end near the inlet port 203 to a distal end near thread feature.
- the conduit 205 includes a tubular passage 207 disposed about and extending from the inlet port 203 along this longitudinal axis to a back wall formed by when the insert 202 is attached to the housing 201.
- the outlet port 204 is positioned distal from the inlet port 203.
- the outlet port 204 is in fluid communication with the tubular passage 207.
- the insert 202 When assembled, the insert 202 extends along the longitudinal axis from a proximal end located within the conduit 205, to a distal end that extends outside of the housing 201.
- the insert 202 includes a tapered portion 209 that is narrower towards the proximal end of the insert (i.e., the end of the insert facing the inlet port 201) and wider towards the distal end of the insert.
- the tapered portion generally, has a cone angle between 7.5° to 15° .
- the conduit 205 may include a correspondingly tapered shaped portion 210, such that conduit and insert cooperate to form a narrow conical channel.
- This conical channel has a cross sectional area (taken along the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis) which is smaller than the cross sectional area of the portion of the conduit 205 adjacent the inlet port.
- the cross sectional area may be reduced by a factor of 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 100, etc or any other desirable amount.
- the surface of the tapered portion 209 and the surface of the correspondingly shaped portion 210 of the conduit 205 may be smooth. As described in greater detail below, this smooth narrow channel promotes laminar flow through the compensator 105, thereby reducing the turbulence of the flow.
- FIGs. 4-6 show the results of a numerical simulation of the flow through an exemplary embodiment of the compensator 105 shown in Figs. 2A and 2B.
- Conservation of momentum and mass equations were solved to obtain dynamic results of the flow behavior through the compensator 105. Equations were solved using COMSOL Model for incompressible stationary flow, fully developed inlet with no slip wall condition.
- a software package for implementing this modeling may be obtained from COMSOL, Inc. of 1 New England Executive Park, Suite 350, Burlington MA 01803.
- the simulations shown were carried out using a flow rate of 1.5 L/min and an input flow pressure of about 35 psi. Qualitatively similar results were also obtained using an input pressure of 120 psi. At constant flow rate, the input pressure to the compensator will vary with respect to the position of insert 202 inside the housing 201.
- Fig. 4 shows a greyscale plot of the magnitude of the velocity vector field for the flow.
- Fig. 5 shows the corresponding stream lines.
- Fig. 6 shows a greyscale plot of the pressure of the flow.
- the magnitude of the velocity of the flow from the inlet port 203 increases dramatically in the region 401 near the narrow tip of the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202, as the flow path through the conduit 205 transitions from a tubular shape with a large cross sectional area to a narrow conical shape with a smaller cross sectional shape.
- the flow velocity becomes relatively stable. This allows for smooth, laminar flow through the narrow channel, with a low level of pressure variation (as shown in Fig. 6).
- the flow through the conical channel along a significant portion (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60 %, at least 70% at least 80%>, at least 90%> or more) of the tapered section 209 of the insert 202 may be characterized by a Reynolds number of 2500 or less, 2000 or less, 1500 or less, 1000 or less, 500 or less, or even smaller.
- corresponding flow along the corresponding portion of the insert 202 may vary by less than e.g., 25%o, 10%o, 5%), 1%), or less than the average pressure. This type of flow advantageously prevents the separation of carbon dioxide and water, thereby helping to maintain the level of carbonation.
- a portion of the surface of the insert 202 may include one or more surface features used to further condition the fluid flow through the compensator 105.
- the insert 202 includes a cylindrical portion 220 located distal (i.e., closer to the outlet port 204) to the wide end of the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202.
- protrusions 222 extend from the surface of the cylindrical portions into the flow channel formed between the surface of the cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202 and the wall of the conduit 205. These protrusions 222 interrupt and/or divert the flow of fluid through he compensator 105.
- the protrusions are arranged in circular pattern about the longitudinal axis. .
- the protrusions 222 may be used, including a regular array, a random arrangement, a single ring, more than two rings, etc.
- the protrusions may (additionally or alternatively) extend from the surface of the conduit 205 into the flow channel formed between the conduit 205 and the insert 202.
- the protrusions slow down,and divert the flow at local regions (e.g., regions labeled 402).
- regions labeled 402 e.g., regions labeled 402
- the streamlines of the flow are detoured when the carbon dioxide water mixture flows around the protrusions.
- the protrusions 222 act to regulate and stabilize the flow. They may also serve to divert the flow toward the outlet port 204. According, in some embodiments, the impact between inlet flow and the back wall of the tubular passage 207 is not significant.
- the regulated flow may also provide a longer contact time and a larger contact surface area between the carbon dioxide and water in the flow resulting in a better carbonation level and a stabilized flow.
- Figs. 7 A and 7B illustrate another exemplary embodiment of the flow compensator 105.
- Fig. 7 A is a disassembled view and Fig. 7B is an assembled view.
- compensator 105 is substantially the same as that shown in Figs. 2A and 2B, except that the surface of cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202 does not include the cylindrical protrusions 222. Instead, the surface of cylindrical portion 220 includes alternating ribs 701 and channels 702 extending in a direction along the longitudinal axis.
- Fig. 7C shows a detailed view of the ribs 701 and channels 702.
- the depth of the channels 702 increases with increasing distance from the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202 to a maximum depth, and then decreases. Accordingly, the cylindrical portion 220 has an hourglass shape with a waist having a minimum diameter from the longitudinal axis.
- the ribs 701 separate adjacent channels 702.
- the ribs 701 and channels 702 operate to decrease the magnitude of the velocity of the flow through the channels 702. This slowing may provide a longer contact time and a larger contact surface area between the carbon dioxide and water in the flow resulting in a better carbonation level and a stabilized flow.
- the local magnitude of the flow velocity through the channels 702 at their deepest point will be less than 50%, 25%, 10%, etc. of the velocity of the flow as it enters the channels. In general, deeper channels will have a more dramatic slowing effect.
- the channels 702 further operate to reduce the turbulence of the flow (i.e., providing a laminar flow) and maintain a consistent pressure.
- the flow through the channels 702 along a significant portion (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60 %, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90% or more) of the cylindrical section 220 of the insert 202 may be characterized by a Reynolds number of 2500 or less, 2000 or less, 1500 or less, 1000 or less, 500 or less, or even smaller.
- the pressure for the corresponding flow along the corresponding portion of the insert 202 may vary by less than e.g., 25%, 10%, 5%, 1%, or less than the average pressure. This type of flow advantageously prevents the separation of carbon dioxide and water, thereby helping to maintain the level of carbonation.
- Figs. 8-12 show the results of a numerical simulation of the flow through an exemplary embodiment of the compensator 105 of the type shown in Figs. 7A-7C.
- Conservation of momentum and mass equations were solved to obtain dynamic results of the flow behavior through the compensator 105.
- Equations were solved using COMSOL Model for incompressible stationary flow with no slip wall condition.
- the simulations shown were carried out using a flow rate of 1 L/min and an input flow pressure of 20 psi.
- Qualitatively similar results were also obtained using an input pressure of 120 psi.
- the input pressure to the compensator will vary with respect to the position of insert 202 inside the housing 201.
- Fig. 8 is a schematic showing the geometry of the modeled flow. Fig.
- FIG. 9 shows a greyscale plot of the magnitude of the velocity vector field for the flow.
- Fig. 10 shows the corresponding stream lines.
- Fig. 11 shows a greyscale plot of the pressure of the flow.
- Fig. 12 shows a greyscale plot of the Reynolds number of the flow.
- the magnitude of the velocity of the flow from the inlet port 203 decreases dramatically in the region 703 near the deepest portions of the channels 702.
- the flow is sufficiently slowed that the impact between inlet flow and the back wall of the tubular passage 207 is not significant.
- Fig, 11 confirms that the pressure of the flow remains substantially consistent a as the flow moves through the channels 701.
- Fig. 12 shows that the Reynolds number of the flow also decreases dramatically in the region 703 near the deepest portions of the channels 702, indicating a smooth laminar flow through the channels 702.
- the ribs and groves may be (additionally or alternatively) formed in the wall of the conduit 205 facing the cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202.
- the surface features may be used to condition the flow through the compensator 105 (e.g., to control the velocity, turbulence, direction, etc. of the flow).
- the surface features may include a combination of protrusions and ribs and channels.
- Figs 13A-C illustrate another compensator design.
- Fig. 13A shows a side view of the
- Fig. 13B is a side view of the compensator housing, ghosted lines indicated internal features.
- Fig. 13C is a cross sectional view of the housing.
- the compensator shown is similar is diesign to the compensater shown in Figs. 7A-7C.
- the insert 201 includes a distal portion 1301 located between the ribbed cylindrical portion 220 and the facility 206. This distal portion is smooth and generally cylindrical, but noarrows to a waste. The narrow portion of the waist may be located proximal to the outlet 204.
- the compensator 105 may be made of any suitable material.
- the insert and/or housing are formed from or include a plastic (e.g., a thermoplastic) or polymer material (e.g., PFTE, PV, PU, nylon, etc.), a metal (e.g., copper, bronze, iron, steel, stainless steel, etc.), a composite, etc.
- a plastic e.g., a thermoplastic
- polymer material e.g., PFTE, PV, PU, nylon, etc.
- metal e.g., copper, bronze, iron, steel, stainless steel, etc.
- the components may be fabricated using any suitable technique including, e.g., molding (e.g., injection molding), machining (e.g., using one or more computer numerical controlled "CNC" tools such as a mill or lathe), etc.
- CNC computer numerical controlled
- any of the various threaded connections may be national pipe thread tapered thread (NPT) or national pipe thread tapered thread fuel (NPTF) standard connections.
- NPT national pipe thread tapered thread
- NPTF national pipe thread tapered thread fuel
- the threaded connections provide leak proof fittings mechanically, without the need for Teflon thread tape or similar applications.
- this position may be fixed (e.g., where inset 202 and housing 201 are glued, welded, or otherwise permanently affixed to one another.)
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Flow Control (AREA)
- Accessories For Mixers (AREA)
Abstract
An apparatus is disclosed including: a housing including a conduit having an inlet port and an outlet port; an insert at least partially disposed within the conduit and including a tapered portion extending from a narrower end proximal the inlet port to a wider end distal the inlet port; and a facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit. In some embodiments, the apparatus is configured to receive a mixed flow of liquid and gas at the inlet port, direct the mixed flow through the conduit around a portion of the insert disposed within the chamber, and outlet the mixed flow at the outlet port.
Description
FLOW COMPENSATOR
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/500461 filed June 23, 2011, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference herein.
This application is also related to U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 61/500451, 61/500469, 61/500500, 61/500440, each filed Jun 23, 2011, and U.S. Provisional Application No.
61/654487, filed June 1, 2012. The entire contents of each of the foregoing applications are incorporated by reference herein.
BACKGROUND
Water and carbon dioxide are generally immiscible under normal environmental conditions, i.e., room temperature and atmospheric pressure. Apparatuses and methods exist for producing carbonated water by creating conditions under which carbon dioxide will become water-soluble. Generally, carbon dioxide becomes more soluble in water as pressures increase and temperatures decrease.
In some cases carbonation devices produce an outflow of carbonated water that is more turbulent than desired. The turbulence of the flow may degrade the level of carbonation or produce a poorly controlled or inconsistent output flow rate.
In fluid mechanics, the Reynolds number is a dimensionless number that gives a measure of the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces in a flow and consequently quantifies the relative importance of these two types of forces for given flow conditions. The Reynolds number may be used to characterize different flow regimes, such as laminar or turbulent flow. Laminar flow occurs at low Reynolds numbers, where viscous forces are dominant, and is characterized by smooth, constant fluid motion. Turbulent flow occurs at high Reynolds numbers and is dominated by inertial forces, which tend to produce chaotic eddies, vortices and other flow instabilities.
SUMMARY
The applicants have realized that a flow compensator may be provided and used to regulate the flow of carbonated water from a carbonator. The compensator may allow for adjustable control of the flow rate through the compensator, the level of carbonation, the turbulence of the flow, the flow velocity, or other flow properties.
In one aspect, an apparatus is disclosed including: a housing including a conduit having an inlet port and an outlet port; and an insert at least partially disposed within the conduit and including: a tapered portion extending from a narrower end proximal the inlet port to a wider end distal the inlet port. The apparatus also includes a facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit. In some embodiments, the apparatus is configured to receive a mixed flow of liquid and gas at the inlet port, direct the mixed flow through the conduit around a portion of the insert disposed within the chamber, and outlet the mixed flow at the outlet port.
In some embodiments, the conduit includes a tubular passage extending along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end; the inlet port includes an aperture disposed about the longitudinal axis adjacent the proximal end of the tubular passage; and the outlet port includes an aperture oriented transverse to the inlet port and adjacent the distal end of the tubular passage.
In some embodiments, the tapered portion of the insert extends along the longitudinal axis of the tubular passage and cooperates with a wall of the passage to form a conical channel between the insert and the wall. In some embodiments, a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis adjacent, of the conical channel is smaller than a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis, of a portion of the tubular passage adjacent the inlet port.
In some embodiments, where the facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit is configured to adjust the cross sectional area of the conical channel.
In some embodiments, the tubular passage includes a tapered wall facing the tapered portion of the insert.
In some embodiments, the portion of the insert extending into the conduit has one or more surface features configured to interrupt or divert the mixed flow.
In some embodiments, the surface features are configured to divert at least a portion of the mixed flow towards the outlet port.
In some embodiments, the surface features are configured to reduce the velocity of at least a portion of the mixed flow in regions adjacent the features.
In some embodiments, the surface features include a plurality of protrusions from a surface of the insert.
In some embodiments, at least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a first ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert.
In some embodiments, at least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a second ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert, where the protrusions in the first ring are longitudinally offset and radially staggered from the protrusions in the second ring.
In some embodiments, the surface features include a plurality of ribs and channels.
In some embodiments, the ribs and channels extend from the wider end of the tapered portion of the insert towards and end of the insert located proximal the outlet channel.
In some embodiments, the facility includes a threaded attachment between the housing and insert.
Some embodiments include one or more seals configured to ensure that the conduit is sealed fluid tight except for the inlet and outlet ports.
In another aspect, a system is disclosed including: a carbonator having an outlet for dispensing a flow of carbonated water; and a flow compensator including the apparatus of any of the types described above. In some embodiments, the outlet of the carbonator is in fluid communication with the inlet port of the flow compensator.
In some embodiments, the flow compensator is configured to decrease the turbulence of the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
In some embodiments, the flow compensator is configured to promote the mixing of carbon dioxide and water in the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
In some embodiments, the carbonator is an inline carbonator.
In another aspect, a method is disclosed including, using a flow compensator including the apparatus of any of the types described above: receiving an input flow of carbonated water at the inlet port; and dispensing an output flow of carbonated water from the outlet port.
Some embodiments include using the flow compensator to reduce the turbulence of output flow relative to the input flow.
Some embodiments include using the flow compensator to promote the mixing of water and carbon dioxide in the carbonated water.
Some embodiments include: directing the input flow from the inlet port through a first relatively large cross section portion of the conduit to a relatively small cross section portion of the conduit, and directing the flow from the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit towards the outlet port to form the output flow.
Some embodiments include providing substantially laminar flow through the at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
Some embodiments include: maintaining substantially constant pressure in the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
Some embodiments include interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
Some embodiments include interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow using a surface feature on the insert to reduce the local velocity of the flow in a region adjacent the surface feature.
In some embodiments, the local velocity is reduced to less that 50% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
In some embodiments, the local velocity is reduced to less that 25% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
Some embodiments include adjusting a flow rate of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
Some embodiments include adjusting a carbonation level of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
Various embodiments may include any of the above described elements, alone or in any suitable combination.
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the following drawings and the detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this
specification, illustrate one or more embodiments described herein and, together with the description, explain these embodiments. Like reference characters refer to the same parts throughout the different views. The drawings are not necessarily to scale, emphasis instead being placed upon illustrating the principles of the embodiments. While exemplary dimensions are
shown (in arbitrary units) in some figures it is to be understood that other dimensions may be used.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a system for dispensing carbonated water.
Fig. 2A shows a disassembled view of a flow compensator. Ghosted lines indicated internal features.
Fig. 2B shows an assembled view of the flow compensator of Fig. 2A. Ghosted lines indicated internal features.
Fig. 3 is a detailed view of an insert for the flow compensator of Figs. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 4 is a plot of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2A-2B.
Fig. 5 is a plot showing the flow lines of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2A and 2B.
Fig. 6 is a plot of the pressure of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 2 A and 2B.
Fig. 7A shows a disassembled view of a flow compensator with an insert featuring ribs and channels. Ghosted lines indicated internal features.
Fig. 7B shows an assembled view of a flow compensator with an insert featuring ribs and channels. Ghosted lines indicated internal features.
Fig. 7C is a detailed view of the insert from Figs. 7A and 7B showing the ribs and channels.
Fig. 8 is a schematic of the fluid flow layer geometry through the compensator shown in Figs.
Fig. 9 is a plot of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
Fig. 10 is a plot showing the stream lines of the velocity field of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
Fig. 11 is a plot of the pressure of a carbonated water flow through the flow compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
Fig. 12 is a plot of the Reynolds number of a carbonated water flow through the flow
compensator of Figs. 7A-7C.
Figs 13A-C illustrate another compensator design. Fig. 13A shows a side view of the
compensator insert. Fig. 13B is a side view of the compensator housing, ghosted lines indicated internal features. Fig. 13C is a cross sectional view of the housing.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Fig. 1 shows a system 100 for dispensing carbonated water. The system includes a water source 101 (e.g., a source of chilled and/or filtered water) and a carbon dioxide gas source 102. A carbonator 103 receives water and carbon dioxide gas from the sources 101, 102, and outputs a flow of carbonated water. For example, in some embodiments, the carbonator 103 is an in line carbonator, e.g., of the type described in U.S. Patent Application Ser. No. 12/772,641 filed March 3, 2010 entitled "APPARATUSES, SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR EFFICIENT SOLUBILIZATION OF CARBON DIOXIDE IN WATER USING HIGH ENERGY IMPACT," the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This reference describes an apparatus that can be placed in a water line path to create carbonated water for dispensing. The apparatus accepts carbon dioxide and water through an inlet path. From there the flow of carbon dioxide and water are passed through one or more dispersion elements arranged within the conduit to create a dispersed flow (e.g., an annular dispersed flow). The dispersed flow then
passes through a passive accelerator within the conduit, thereby greatly increasing the kinetic energy of the system. The accelerated flow is directed to collide with a rigid impact surface immediately downstream of the passive accelerator. This collision creates sufficient pressure to solubilize the carbon dioxide into the water. A retention network is provided at the output of the apparatus to collect and regulate the flow of carbonated water.
In other embodiments, the carbonator 103 may include other (non-"in line") carbonator types. For example, some carbonators use carbon dioxide sprayed into a water container. Other carbonators employ a carbonating tank, called a saturator, and a high-pressure water pump. Carbonated water is produced by pressurizing the saturator tank with carbon dioxide and filling the tank with chilled water. Due to the high pressures resident in the saturator tank, typically around 70 psi, a relatively expensive high pressure water pump may be required to inject water into the tank. Furthermore, under the conditions in the saturator tank, the carbon dioxide takes time to dissolve into to the water and achieve a palatable level of carbonization. Accordingly, the saturator is typically large enough to hold a ready supply of carbonated water for dispensing and does not create new carbonated water instantaneously on demand. To maintain this supply, two or more sensors-and associated electronic controls-are typically used to start the high pressure pump and inject water into saturator when the level of carbonated water in the saturator falls below a set threshold and then stop the water injection when the tank fills to an appropriate level.
The carbonated water flow output from the carbonator may have one or more undesirable characteristics, such as an unwanted level of turbulence, a flow rate that is inappropriate for dispensing, etc. For example, a high level of turbulence may degrade the level of carbonation. A poorly controlled or inconsistent output flow rate may result in spattering or other unwanted effects if the flow were to be dispensed directly from the carbonator 103.
Accordingly, a flow compensator 105 is provided. The compensator 105 receives the output flow from the carbonator 103, operates on the flow to regulate one or more properties of the flow (e.g., turbulence, flow rate, etc.) and outputs a regulated flow of carbonated water. The flow from the carbonator 105 may be relatively turbulent, e.g., characterized by an average (or peak)
Reynolds number of 1000 or more, 1500 or more, 2000 or more 2500 or more, 3000 or more, 3500, or more, 4000 or more, etc.
Figs. 2 A and 2B illustrate an exemplary embodiment of the flow compensator 105. Fig. 2A is an exploded view and Fig. 2B is an assembled view. The flow compensator 105 includes a housing 201 and an insert member 202. The housing 201 includes an inlet port 203 and the insert member 202 includes an outlet port 204. As shown, the inlet and outlet ports 203, 204 include stem portions to facilitate connections with external devices (e.g., a connection between the output of carbonator 103 and the inlet port 203). In various embodiments any other type of (preferable fluid tight) connectors may be used. A conduit 205 extends through the housing 201. When assembled, a portion of insert 202 is positioned in the conduit 205. The insert 202 acts to seal the conduit 205 such that a flow of carbonated water into the inlet port 203 flows through the conduit along the insert 202 and is output through the outlet port 204.
The flow compensator 105 includes a facility 206 for adjusting the position of the insert 202 inside the conduit 205. As shown, the facility 206 is made up of a threaded attachment between an end of the insert 202 and a corresponding threaded hole in the housing 201. The end of the insert 202 includes a pentagon handle that allows the insert 202 to be turned (e.g., using pliers) to advance or retract the insert 202 into or out of the conduit 205. In various embodiments, any other type of adjustable attachment may be used. As described in greater detail below, the facility 206 allows for adjustment of one or more properties (e.g., flow rate, turbulence, carbonation level, etc.) of the regulated flow output from the outlet port 204. The facility 206 may allow for adjustment of the position of the insert 202 while maintaining the fluid tight seal between the insert and housing. For example, as shown two O-rings 211 (e.g., made of an elastomeric material such as rubber material) on the insert 202 form a slidable seal between the insert and the housing.
As shown the conduit 205 extends along a longitudinal axis (indicated with a dotted line) from a proximal end near the inlet port 203 to a distal end near thread feature. The conduit 205 includes
a tubular passage 207 disposed about and extending from the inlet port 203 along this longitudinal axis to a back wall formed by when the insert 202 is attached to the housing 201. The outlet port 204 is positioned distal from the inlet port 203. The outlet port 204 is in fluid communication with the tubular passage 207.
When assembled, the insert 202 extends along the longitudinal axis from a proximal end located within the conduit 205, to a distal end that extends outside of the housing 201. The insert 202 includes a tapered portion 209 that is narrower towards the proximal end of the insert (i.e., the end of the insert facing the inlet port 201) and wider towards the distal end of the insert. The tapered portion, generally, has a cone angle between 7.5° to 15° . The conduit 205 may include a correspondingly tapered shaped portion 210, such that conduit and insert cooperate to form a narrow conical channel. This conical channel has a cross sectional area (taken along the direction transverse to the longitudinal axis) which is smaller than the cross sectional area of the portion of the conduit 205 adjacent the inlet port. In some embodiments, the cross sectional area may be reduced by a factor of 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 100, etc or any other desirable amount. By adjusting the position of the insert 202 using facility 206, the cross sectional area of the conical channel can be varied to control the rate of flow through the compensator and/or other flow properties.
The surface of the tapered portion 209 and the surface of the correspondingly shaped portion 210 of the conduit 205 may be smooth. As described in greater detail below, this smooth narrow channel promotes laminar flow through the compensator 105, thereby reducing the turbulence of the flow.
For example, Figs. 4-6 show the results of a numerical simulation of the flow through an exemplary embodiment of the compensator 105 shown in Figs. 2A and 2B. Conservation of momentum and mass equations were solved to obtain dynamic results of the flow behavior through the compensator 105. Equations were solved using COMSOL Model for incompressible stationary flow, fully developed inlet with no slip wall condition. A software package for implementing this modeling may be obtained from COMSOL, Inc. of 1 New England Executive Park, Suite 350, Burlington MA 01803. The simulations shown were carried out using a flow
rate of 1.5 L/min and an input flow pressure of about 35 psi. Qualitatively similar results were also obtained using an input pressure of 120 psi. At constant flow rate, the input pressure to the compensator will vary with respect to the position of insert 202 inside the housing 201.
Fig. 4 shows a greyscale plot of the magnitude of the velocity vector field for the flow. Fig. 5 shows the corresponding stream lines. Fig. 6 shows a greyscale plot of the pressure of the flow.
As shown in Figs. 4 and 5, the magnitude of the velocity of the flow from the inlet port 203 increases dramatically in the region 401 near the narrow tip of the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202, as the flow path through the conduit 205 transitions from a tubular shape with a large cross sectional area to a narrow conical shape with a smaller cross sectional shape. However, as the flow moves through the smooth narrow channel formed along the conical portion 209 of the insert 202, the flow velocity becomes relatively stable. This allows for smooth, laminar flow through the narrow channel, with a low level of pressure variation (as shown in Fig. 6). For example, in some embodiments, the flow through the conical channel along a significant portion (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60 %, at least 70% at least 80%>, at least 90%> or more) of the tapered section 209 of the insert 202 may be characterized by a Reynolds number of 2500 or less, 2000 or less, 1500 or less, 1000 or less, 500 or less, or even smaller. The pressure for the
corresponding flow along the corresponding portion of the insert 202 may vary by less than e.g., 25%o, 10%o, 5%), 1%), or less than the average pressure. This type of flow advantageously prevents the separation of carbon dioxide and water, thereby helping to maintain the level of carbonation.
Referring again to Figs. 2A and 2B, along with Fig. 3, a portion of the surface of the insert 202 may include one or more surface features used to further condition the fluid flow through the compensator 105. For example, as shown in Figs. 2A, 2B, and 3, the insert 202 includes a cylindrical portion 220 located distal (i.e., closer to the outlet port 204) to the wide end of the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202. Several protrusions 222 (as shown, cylindrical embossments) extend from the surface of the cylindrical portions into the flow channel formed
between the surface of the cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202 and the wall of the conduit 205. These protrusions 222 interrupt and/or divert the flow of fluid through he compensator 105.
In the embodiment shown, the protrusions are arranged in circular pattern about the longitudinal axis. .
As will be understood by one skilled in the art, any suitable arrangement of the protrusions 222 may be used, including a regular array, a random arrangement, a single ring, more than two rings, etc. In some embodiments, the protrusions may (additionally or alternatively) extend from the surface of the conduit 205 into the flow channel formed between the conduit 205 and the insert 202.
As shown in the simulation results of Figs. 4-6, the protrusions slow down,and divert the flow at local regions (e.g., regions labeled 402). Referring to Fig. 5, the streamlines of the flow are detoured when the carbon dioxide water mixture flows around the protrusions.
As noted above, the protrusions 222 act to regulate and stabilize the flow. They may also serve to divert the flow toward the outlet port 204. According, in some embodiments, the impact between inlet flow and the back wall of the tubular passage 207 is not significant. The regulated flow may also provide a longer contact time and a larger contact surface area between the carbon dioxide and water in the flow resulting in a better carbonation level and a stabilized flow.
Figs. 7 A and 7B illustrate another exemplary embodiment of the flow compensator 105. Fig. 7 A is a disassembled view and Fig. 7B is an assembled view. The flow structure of flow
compensator 105 is substantially the same as that shown in Figs. 2A and 2B, except that the surface of cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202 does not include the cylindrical protrusions 222. Instead, the surface of cylindrical portion 220 includes alternating ribs 701 and channels 702 extending in a direction along the longitudinal axis.
Fig. 7C shows a detailed view of the ribs 701 and channels 702. The depth of the channels 702 increases with increasing distance from the tapered portion 209 of the insert 202 to a maximum depth, and then decreases. Accordingly, the cylindrical portion 220 has an hourglass shape with
a waist having a minimum diameter from the longitudinal axis. The ribs 701 separate adjacent channels 702.
The ribs 701 and channels 702 operate to decrease the magnitude of the velocity of the flow through the channels 702. This slowing may provide a longer contact time and a larger contact surface area between the carbon dioxide and water in the flow resulting in a better carbonation level and a stabilized flow. In various embodiments, the local magnitude of the flow velocity through the channels 702 at their deepest point will be less than 50%, 25%, 10%, etc. of the velocity of the flow as it enters the channels. In general, deeper channels will have a more dramatic slowing effect.
The channels 702 further operate to reduce the turbulence of the flow (i.e., providing a laminar flow) and maintain a consistent pressure. For example, in some embodiments, the flow through the channels 702 along a significant portion (e.g., at least 50%, at least 60 %, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90% or more) of the cylindrical section 220 of the insert 202 may be characterized by a Reynolds number of 2500 or less, 2000 or less, 1500 or less, 1000 or less, 500 or less, or even smaller. The pressure for the corresponding flow along the corresponding portion of the insert 202 may vary by less than e.g., 25%, 10%, 5%, 1%, or less than the average pressure. This type of flow advantageously prevents the separation of carbon dioxide and water, thereby helping to maintain the level of carbonation.
For example, Figs. 8-12 show the results of a numerical simulation of the flow through an exemplary embodiment of the compensator 105 of the type shown in Figs. 7A-7C. Conservation of momentum and mass equations were solved to obtain dynamic results of the flow behavior through the compensator 105. Once again Equations were solved using COMSOL Model for incompressible stationary flow with no slip wall condition. The simulations shown were carried out using a flow rate of 1 L/min and an input flow pressure of 20 psi. Qualitatively similar results were also obtained using an input pressure of 120 psi. At constant flow rate, the input pressure to the compensator will vary with respect to the position of insert 202 inside the housing 201.
Fig. 8 is a schematic showing the geometry of the modeled flow. Fig. 9 shows a greyscale plot of the magnitude of the velocity vector field for the flow. Fig. 10 shows the corresponding stream lines. Fig. 11 shows a greyscale plot of the pressure of the flow. Fig. 12 shows a greyscale plot of the Reynolds number of the flow.
As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the magnitude of the velocity of the flow from the inlet port 203 decreases dramatically in the region 703 near the deepest portions of the channels 702. In some embodiments, the flow is sufficiently slowed that the impact between inlet flow and the back wall of the tubular passage 207 is not significant.
Fig, 11 confirms that the pressure of the flow remains substantially consistent a as the flow moves through the channels 701. Fig. 12 shows that the Reynolds number of the flow also decreases dramatically in the region 703 near the deepest portions of the channels 702, indicating a smooth laminar flow through the channels 702.
As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in some embodiments, the ribs and groves may be (additionally or alternatively) formed in the wall of the conduit 205 facing the cylindrical portion 220 of the insert 202.
In various embodiments, other types of surface features may be used to condition the flow through the compensator 105 (e.g., to control the velocity, turbulence, direction, etc. of the flow). In some embodiments, the surface features may include a combination of protrusions and ribs and channels.
Figs 13A-C illustrate another compensator design. Fig. 13A shows a side view of the
compensator insert. Fig. 13B is a side view of the compensator housing, ghosted lines indicated internal features.. Fig. 13C is a cross sectional view of the housing. The compensator shown is similar is diesign to the compensater shown in Figs. 7A-7C. However, the insert 201 includes a distal portion 1301 located between the ribbed cylindrical portion 220 and the facility 206. This distal portion is smooth and generally cylindrical, but noarrows to a waste. The narrow portion of the waist may be located proximal to the outlet 204.
The compensator 105 may be made of any suitable material. In some embodiments, the insert and/or housing are formed from or include a plastic (e.g., a thermoplastic) or polymer material (e.g., PFTE, PV, PU, nylon, etc.), a metal (e.g., copper, bronze, iron, steel, stainless steel, etc.), a composite, etc. The components may be fabricated using any suitable technique including, e.g., molding (e.g., injection molding), machining (e.g., using one or more computer numerical controlled "CNC" tools such as a mill or lathe), etc.
Any of the various threaded connections may be national pipe thread tapered thread (NPT) or national pipe thread tapered thread fuel (NPTF) standard connections. In some embodiments, the threaded connections provide leak proof fittings mechanically, without the need for Teflon thread tape or similar applications.
The examples described above are presented with reference to providing flow compensation to a flow of carbonated water. However, as will be understood by one skilled in the art, the devices and techniques described herein may be applied to provide flow compensation for any suitable fluid flow, including any suitable mixed flow of liquid and gas.
Although the examples above describe embodiments of the compensator 105 which allow for adjustment of the position of the insert 202 in housing 201, in other embodiments this position may be fixed (e.g., where inset 202 and housing 201 are glued, welded, or otherwise permanently affixed to one another.)
With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "including" should be interpreted as "including but not limited to," the term
"having" should be interpreted as "having at least," the term "includes" should be interpreted as "includes but is not limited to," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations.
However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations).
Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, and C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, and C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to "at least one of A, B, or C, etc." is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., "a system having at least one of A, B, or C" would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.).
It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B."
The foregoing description of illustrative embodiments has been presented for purposes of illustration and of description. It is not intended to be exhaustive or limiting with respect to the precise form disclosed, and modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teachings or may be acquired from practice of the disclosed embodiments. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims appended hereto and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An apparatus comprising:
a housing comprising a conduit having an inlet port and an outlet port;
an insert at least partially disposed within the conduit and comprising:
a tapered portion extending from a narrower end proximal the inlet port to a wider end distal the inlet port; and
a facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit;
wherein the apparatus is configured to receive a mixed flow of liquid and gas at the inlet port, direct the mixed flow through the conduit around a portion of the insert disposed within the chamber, and outlet the mixed flow at the outlet port.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein:
the conduit comprises a tubular passage extending along a longitudinal axis from a proximal end to a distal end;
the inlet port comprises an aperture disposed about the longitudinal axis adjacent the proximal end of the tubular passage; and
the outlet port comprises an aperture oriented transverse to the inlet port and adjacent the distal end of the tubular passage.
3. The apparatus of claim 2, wherein:
the tapered portion of the insert extends along the longitudinal axis of the tubular passage and cooperates with a wall of the passage to form a conical channel between the insert and the wall,
wherein a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis adjacent, of the conical channel is smaller than a cross sectional area, taken transverse the longitudinal axis, of a portion of the tubular passage adjacent the inlet port.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the facility for adjusting the position of the insert within the conduit is configured to adjust the cross sectional area of the conical channel.
5. The apparatus of claim 3 or claim 4, wherein the tubular passage comprises a tapered wall facing the tapered portion of the insert.
6. The apparatus of any preceding claim, wherein the portion of the insert extending into the conduit has one or more surface features configured to interrupt or divert the mixed flow.
7. The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the surface features are configured to divert at least a portion of the mixed flow towards the outlet port.
8. The apparatus of claim 6 or claim 7, wherein the surface features are configured to reduce the velocity of at least a portion of the mixed flow in regions adjacent the features.
9. The apparatus of any one of claim 6-8, wherein the surface features comprise a plurality of protrusions from a surface of the insert.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein at least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a first ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein at least some of the plurality of protrusions are arranged in a second ring disposed about a longitudinal axis of the insert, wherein the protrusions in the first ring are longitudinally offset and radially staggered from the protrusions in the second ring.
12. The apparatus of any one of claims 6-11, wherein the surface features comprise a plurality of ribs and channels.
13. The apparatus of claim 12, wherein the ribs and channels extend from the wider end of the tapered portion of the insert towards and end of the insert located proximal the outlet channel.
14. The apparatus of any preceding claim wherein the facility comprises a threaded attachment between the housing and insert.
15. The apparatus of any preceding claim, comprising one or more seals configured to ensure that the conduit is sealed fluid tight except for the inlet and outlet ports.
16. A system comprising :
a carbonator having an outlet for dispensing a flow of carbonated water; and
a flow compensator comprising the apparatus of any of one of claims 1-15;
wherein the outlet of the carbonator is in fluid communication with the inlet port of the flow compensator.
17. The system of claim 16, wherein the flow compensator is configured to decrease the turbulence of the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
18. The system of claim 16 or claim 17, wherein the flow compensator is configured to promote the mixing of carbon dioxide and water in the flow of carbonated water dispensed from the carbonator.
19. The system of any one of claims 16-18, wherein the carbonator is an inline carbonator.
20. A method comprising, using a flow compensator comprising the apparatus of any one of claims 1-15:
receiving an input flow of carbonated water at the inlet port; and
dispensing an output flow of carbonated water from the outlet port.
21. The method of claim 20, further comprising using the flow compensator to reduce the turbulence of output flow relative to the input flow.
22. The method of claim 20 or 21, further comprising using the flow compensator to promote the mixing of water and carbon dioxide in the carbonated water.
23. The method of any one of claims 20-22, comprising:
directing the input flow from the inlet port through a first relatively large cross section portion of the conduit to a relatively small cross section portion of the conduit, and
directing the flow from the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit towards the outlet port to form the output flow.
24. The method of claim 23, further comprising:
providing substantially laminar flow through the at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
25. The method of claim 23 or claim 24, further comprising:
maintaining substantially constant pressure in the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
26. The method of any one of claims 23-25, further comprising:
interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow through at least a portion of the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
27. The method of claim 26, wherein interrupting or diverting a portion of the flow comprises:
using a surface feature on the insert to reduce the local velocity of the flow in a region adjacent the surface feature.
28. The method of claim 27, wherein the local velocity is reduced to less that 50% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
29. The method of claim 27, wherein the local velocity is reduced to less that 25% of an average flow velocity through the relatively small cross section portion of the conduit.
30. The method of any one of claims 20-29, further comprising,
adjusting a flow rate of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
31. The method of any one of claims 20-30, further comprising:
adjusting a carbonation level of the output flow by using the facility to adjust the position of the insert within the conduit.
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP12802311.6A EP2723481B1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-22 | Flow compensator |
US14/138,831 US9610551B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2013-12-23 | Flow compensator |
US15/470,158 US20170197815A1 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2017-03-27 | Flow compensator |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US201161500461P | 2011-06-23 | 2011-06-23 | |
US61/500,461 | 2011-06-23 |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US14/138,831 Continuation US9610551B2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2013-12-23 | Flow compensator |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012177977A2 true WO2012177977A2 (en) | 2012-12-27 |
WO2012177977A3 WO2012177977A3 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
Family
ID=47423226
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/US2012/043708 WO2012177977A2 (en) | 2011-06-23 | 2012-06-22 | Flow compensator |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US9610551B2 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2723481B1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012177977A2 (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20160122746A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2016-10-24 | 룩셈부르크 패턴트 컴퍼니 에스.에이. | In-line carbonation of water-base beverages |
EP3148923A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-04-05 | O.D.L. S.r.l. | Post-mix beverage dispenser |
US11564407B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2023-01-31 | Cino Technology (Shenzhen) Limited | Device for synthesizing carbonated water and system for preparing carbonated water |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US8567767B2 (en) * | 2010-05-03 | 2013-10-29 | Apiqe Inc | Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact |
NL2016790B1 (en) | 2016-05-17 | 2017-11-21 | Apiqe Holdings Llc | system and disposable cartridge for the preparation of a liquid product |
CN115212739A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2022-10-21 | 百事可乐公司 | Method and device for the instantaneous on-line carbonation of water by electrostatic charging |
NL2017940B1 (en) | 2016-12-06 | 2018-06-19 | Apiqe Holdings Llc | Water dispensers for dispensing carbonized water |
JP6704338B2 (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2020-06-03 | サントリーホールディングス株式会社 | Carbonated water cook |
CN107261876B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2023-04-18 | 广东大任生物科技有限责任公司 | Gas-liquid mixing device |
CN114630706A (en) | 2019-11-08 | 2022-06-14 | 弗里奇奥股份公司 | Method and apparatus for producing carbonated beverages |
CN117730049A (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2024-03-19 | 可口可乐公司 | Diffusion nozzle for improved carbonic acid distribution |
US20240208792A1 (en) | 2022-06-21 | 2024-06-27 | Flavio Henn Ferreira | Regulator for Controlling the Flow of Carbonated Beverages |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19742301A1 (en) | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-12 | Hans Asal | Assembly to prepare gas-enriched especially carbonated or oxygenated water |
DE102006048456A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Carbotek Holding Gmbh | Impregnator used in production of beer comprises impregnating body arranged in mixing cell and made from porous solid body, especially foam, sponge, hollow fiber module or sintered material |
Family Cites Families (91)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2899170A (en) * | 1959-08-11 | Liquid dispensing apparatus | ||
US2924238A (en) * | 1960-02-09 | Foam control device in liquid dispensing apparatus | ||
US1029236A (en) | 1911-07-26 | 1912-06-11 | Nat Carbonated Liquid Co | Carbonator. |
US2162842A (en) * | 1937-02-09 | 1939-06-20 | Oil Heating Devices Inc | Beverage dispenser |
US2173979A (en) * | 1937-11-26 | 1939-09-26 | Economy Faucet Co | Combined flow regulator and faucet |
NL48062C (en) | 1938-03-11 | 1939-10-16 | ||
US3502111A (en) * | 1965-10-14 | 1970-03-24 | Hansen Mfg | Dispensing device |
US3526391A (en) | 1967-01-03 | 1970-09-01 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Homogenizer |
JPS5211221B1 (en) | 1969-03-17 | 1977-03-29 | ||
IT942173B (en) | 1970-09-19 | 1973-03-20 | Alfa Laval Gmbh | PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR THE HOMOGENIZATION OF IMMISCIBLE LIQUIDS |
US3761066A (en) | 1971-09-08 | 1973-09-25 | C Wheeler | Inline water carbonator |
US4068830A (en) | 1974-01-04 | 1978-01-17 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Mixing method and system |
NL7601131A (en) * | 1975-03-07 | 1976-09-09 | Cornelius App | FAUCET. |
US4081863A (en) | 1975-07-23 | 1978-03-28 | Gaulin Corporation | Method and valve apparatus for homogenizing fluid emulsions and dispersions and controlling homogenizing efficiency and uniformity of processed particles |
US4087862A (en) | 1975-12-11 | 1978-05-02 | Exxon Research & Engineering Co. | Bladeless mixer and system |
JPS52151676A (en) | 1976-06-11 | 1977-12-16 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Method and equipment for dispersing |
DE2851182C2 (en) * | 1978-11-27 | 1981-01-29 | Carl Meinhard 4030 Ratingen Becker | Tap for dispensing beverages |
US4695378A (en) | 1984-11-07 | 1987-09-22 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Interior | Acid mine water aeration and treatment system |
EP0191453A3 (en) | 1985-02-14 | 1989-01-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Device for preventing scale formation in flow spaces for reaction resins |
US4753535A (en) | 1987-03-16 | 1988-06-28 | Komax Systems, Inc. | Motionless mixer |
US4940164A (en) | 1987-06-26 | 1990-07-10 | Aquatec | Drink dispenser and method of preparation |
US5033651A (en) | 1989-02-06 | 1991-07-23 | The Coca-Cola Company | Nozzle for postmix beverage dispenser |
US5050806A (en) * | 1989-12-14 | 1991-09-24 | Golden Technologies Company, Inc. | Flow control apparatus |
US5473909A (en) | 1990-08-06 | 1995-12-12 | The Kateman Family Limited Partnership | Method and apparatus for producing and dispensing aerated or blended fluid products |
US5064097A (en) | 1990-10-10 | 1991-11-12 | Water Center International Ltd. | Compact water purification and beverage dispensing apparatus |
US5192513A (en) | 1991-07-26 | 1993-03-09 | William C. Stumphauzer | High speed process and apparatus for carbonating water |
US5538028A (en) * | 1992-03-24 | 1996-07-23 | Lombardo; Samuel N. | Throttling and diffusing dispensing valve |
US5676173A (en) | 1994-11-04 | 1997-10-14 | T I Properties, Inc. | In-line venturi |
US5510060A (en) | 1995-03-14 | 1996-04-23 | Knoll; George W. | Inline carbonator |
DE19614754C1 (en) | 1996-04-16 | 1997-06-05 | Duesseldorf Stadtwerke | Continuous cooling, compression and enrichment of potable water with carbon dioxide |
US5842600A (en) | 1996-07-11 | 1998-12-01 | Standex International Corporation | Tankless beverage water carbonation process and apparatus |
US6041970A (en) * | 1996-08-30 | 2000-03-28 | Imi Cornelius Inc. | Pre-mix beverage dispensing system and components thereof |
US5971368A (en) | 1997-10-29 | 1999-10-26 | Fsi International, Inc. | System to increase the quantity of dissolved gas in a liquid and to maintain the increased quantity of dissolved gas in the liquid until utilized |
WO2000007707A1 (en) * | 1998-08-03 | 2000-02-17 | Lancer Partnership, Ltd. | Beverage dispenser including an in-line carbonation system |
GB9824110D0 (en) | 1998-11-04 | 1998-12-30 | Imi Cornelius Uk Ltd | Carbonation |
US6120685A (en) | 1999-02-26 | 2000-09-19 | Maytag Corporation | Water filtering system with replaceable cartridge for a refrigerator |
JP2000272698A (en) | 1999-03-19 | 2000-10-03 | Fuji Electric Co Ltd | Sirup beverage feed nozzle apparatus |
US6669238B1 (en) | 1999-10-01 | 2003-12-30 | Lancer Partnership, Ltd | Locking apparatus for a beverage dispenser |
JP3287349B2 (en) | 2000-01-05 | 2002-06-04 | 野村電子工業株式会社 | Steam mixer |
FR2807335B1 (en) | 2000-04-11 | 2003-01-03 | Carboxyque Francaise | INSTALLATION FOR TRANSFERRING A GAS IN A LIQUID |
DE10019759C2 (en) | 2000-04-20 | 2003-04-30 | Tracto Technik | Static mixing system |
JP4556289B2 (en) | 2000-05-31 | 2010-10-06 | 旭硝子株式会社 | Method for producing chlorohydrin |
US7093718B2 (en) | 2000-11-08 | 2006-08-22 | Tsukasa Industry Co., Ltd. | Inline sifter |
US6712342B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2004-03-30 | Lancer Partnership, Ltd. | Hollow fiber carbonation |
US6730214B2 (en) | 2001-10-26 | 2004-05-04 | Angelo L. Mazzei | System and apparatus for accelerating mass transfer of a gas into a liquid |
ITMI20021045A1 (en) | 2002-05-16 | 2003-11-17 | Whirlpool Co | REFRIGERATOR WITH SPARKLING WATER DISPENSER |
CN101723298B (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2013-05-01 | 岚瑟股份有限公司 | Multiple brand ice beverage dispenser |
US20050161394A1 (en) | 2002-11-20 | 2005-07-28 | Karl Fritze | Freeze resistant water filter |
DE602004014831D1 (en) | 2003-02-21 | 2008-08-21 | Coca Cola Co | Device for dispensing liquid |
WO2004101125A1 (en) | 2003-05-19 | 2004-11-25 | Shell Internationale Research Maatschappij B.V. | Compact mixing device for homogenisation of fluid flow |
US20040251566A1 (en) | 2003-06-13 | 2004-12-16 | Kozyuk Oleg V. | Device and method for generating microbubbles in a liquid using hydrodynamic cavitation |
US7059591B2 (en) | 2003-10-10 | 2006-06-13 | Bortkevitch Sergey V | Method and apparatus for enhanced oil recovery by injection of a micro-dispersed gas-liquid mixture into the oil-bearing formation |
US7445133B2 (en) | 2003-10-12 | 2008-11-04 | Daniel Ludovissie | Multiple beverage and flavor additive beverage dispenser |
CN100457244C (en) | 2004-02-03 | 2009-02-04 | 松江土建株式会社 | Gas-liquid dissolution apparatus |
DE102004007727A1 (en) * | 2004-02-16 | 2005-09-01 | Margret Spiegel | Conventional carbonator systems or impregnation systems in addition at least one hollow body inline impregnator filled with bulk material to nachkarbonisieren or impregnate already carbonated or impregnated liquids |
KR20050095340A (en) | 2004-03-26 | 2005-09-29 | 주식회사 대우일렉트로닉스 | A refrigeragtor with a soda water dispenser |
JP2005288052A (en) | 2004-04-06 | 2005-10-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Carbonic acid bath apparatus |
US20050269360A1 (en) | 2004-05-14 | 2005-12-08 | Pepsico Inc. | Multi-flavor valve |
CN100537007C (en) | 2004-05-31 | 2009-09-09 | 三洋设备产业株式会社 | Method and device for producing fine air bubble-containing liquid, and fine air bubble producer assembled in the device |
KR100637044B1 (en) | 2004-07-05 | 2006-10-20 | 주식회사 피코그램 | Single and multi adapter capable of being detached by one touch, filter assembly detachably engaged with the same, and water purifying system adapting these elememts |
GB2416755B (en) * | 2004-07-30 | 2007-01-03 | Scottish & Newcastle Plc | Beverage dispensing tap |
DE102004038563A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 | 2006-03-16 | Margret Spiegel | Method and arrangement for carbonating liquid with CO2 within a pump housing |
US20060051448A1 (en) | 2004-09-03 | 2006-03-09 | Charles Schryver | Extruded tubing for mixing reagents |
CA2518730C (en) | 2004-09-10 | 2014-12-23 | M-I L.L.C. | Apparatus and method for homogenizing two or more fluids of different densities |
KR100634782B1 (en) | 2004-10-01 | 2006-10-17 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Water purifying device |
US7097160B2 (en) | 2004-10-13 | 2006-08-29 | Ozone Safe Food, Incorporated | Apparatus for treating a liquid with a gas |
US20060138170A1 (en) | 2004-11-18 | 2006-06-29 | Eric Brim | Systems and methods for dispensing fluid |
KR100712266B1 (en) | 2005-03-24 | 2007-05-17 | 주식회사 피코그램 | purification filter of using connector and water purification ddevice |
JP4989062B2 (en) | 2005-04-28 | 2012-08-01 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Fluid mixing device |
US20060280027A1 (en) * | 2005-06-10 | 2006-12-14 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Method and apparatus for mixing fluids |
US20060288874A1 (en) | 2005-06-24 | 2006-12-28 | The Coca-Cola Compay | In-Line, Instantaneous Carbonation System |
WO2007028390A1 (en) * | 2005-09-07 | 2007-03-15 | Micro Matic A/S | Device for automatic regulation of flow |
JP4736672B2 (en) | 2005-09-27 | 2011-07-27 | パナソニック電工株式会社 | Shower equipment |
US7600911B2 (en) | 2006-01-13 | 2009-10-13 | Bechtold Gerald L | Water-mixing device, sand trap and method of using same |
US8960500B2 (en) | 2006-03-06 | 2015-02-24 | The Coca-Cola Company | Dispenser for beverages including juices |
WO2007112892A2 (en) * | 2006-03-29 | 2007-10-11 | Carbotek Holding Gmbh | Impregnator |
AU2007201231A1 (en) * | 2006-03-30 | 2007-10-18 | Scotsman Beverage Systems Limited | Beverage Dispense Valve |
US20080075655A1 (en) | 2006-09-21 | 2008-03-27 | Lev Davydov | Gas mixing device and methods of use |
GB2447024A (en) | 2007-02-27 | 2008-09-03 | Kraft Foods R & D Inc | A dispensing machine for hot or cold drinks |
EP1974802A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 | 2008-10-01 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Cool drink dispenser for home use, and refrigerator equipped with such a dispenser |
JP2008289990A (en) | 2007-05-23 | 2008-12-04 | Toshio Miyashita | Discharge nozzle of microbubble-carbonate spring generator |
DE502007005007D1 (en) * | 2007-07-26 | 2010-10-21 | Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren | Device for mixing water and gas |
BRPI0703807A2 (en) | 2007-09-11 | 2009-04-28 | Whirlpool Sa | Water dispensing device at different temperatures |
GB2468792B (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2012-02-01 | Schroeder Ind Llc | A bar gun assembly |
EP2070586B1 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2013-05-22 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Beverage dispenser, related refrigerator and method for dispensing a beverage |
ES2426347T3 (en) | 2007-12-11 | 2013-10-22 | Electrolux Home Products Corporation N.V. | Refrigerator comprising a beverage dispenser, and method for dispensing a refrigerated beverage |
US8091737B2 (en) | 2008-03-13 | 2012-01-10 | Lancer Partnership, Ltd | Method and apparatus for a multiple flavor beverage mixing nozzle |
US20090236277A1 (en) | 2008-03-21 | 2009-09-24 | Pentair Filtration, Inc. | Modular Drinking Water Filtration System with Internal Sealing Between Valve Spindle and Head |
US8177197B1 (en) | 2009-04-29 | 2012-05-15 | Natura Water, Inc. | Continuous carbonation apparatus and method |
US8567767B2 (en) | 2010-05-03 | 2013-10-29 | Apiqe Inc | Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact |
MX2013000254A (en) | 2010-06-29 | 2013-10-28 | Imi Cornelius Inc | Carbonation apparatus and method for forming a carbonated beverage. |
-
2012
- 2012-06-22 WO PCT/US2012/043708 patent/WO2012177977A2/en unknown
- 2012-06-22 EP EP12802311.6A patent/EP2723481B1/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-12-23 US US14/138,831 patent/US9610551B2/en active Active
-
2017
- 2017-03-27 US US15/470,158 patent/US20170197815A1/en not_active Abandoned
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19742301A1 (en) | 1997-05-06 | 1998-11-12 | Hans Asal | Assembly to prepare gas-enriched especially carbonated or oxygenated water |
DE102006048456A1 (en) | 2006-10-11 | 2008-04-24 | Carbotek Holding Gmbh | Impregnator used in production of beer comprises impregnating body arranged in mixing cell and made from porous solid body, especially foam, sponge, hollow fiber module or sintered material |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See also references of EP2723481A4 |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR20160122746A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2016-10-24 | 룩셈부르크 패턴트 컴퍼니 에스.에이. | In-line carbonation of water-base beverages |
EP3107645B1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2020-10-28 | Luxembourg Patent Company S.A. | In-line carbonation of water-base beverages |
KR102386188B1 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2022-04-12 | 로타렉스 에스.에이. | In-line carbonation of water-base beverages |
EP3148923A1 (en) * | 2014-05-27 | 2017-04-05 | O.D.L. S.r.l. | Post-mix beverage dispenser |
US11564407B2 (en) | 2017-08-10 | 2023-01-31 | Cino Technology (Shenzhen) Limited | Device for synthesizing carbonated water and system for preparing carbonated water |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US20140239519A1 (en) | 2014-08-28 |
EP2723481A4 (en) | 2014-12-17 |
EP2723481A2 (en) | 2014-04-30 |
WO2012177977A3 (en) | 2013-03-21 |
US20170197815A1 (en) | 2017-07-13 |
US9610551B2 (en) | 2017-04-04 |
EP2723481B1 (en) | 2019-05-01 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US20170197815A1 (en) | Flow compensator | |
US5720551A (en) | Forming emulsions | |
TWI548447B (en) | Apparatuses, systems and methods for efficient solubilization of carbon dioxide in water using high energy impact | |
US6443610B1 (en) | Processing product components | |
US7708453B2 (en) | Device for creating hydrodynamic cavitation in fluids | |
MXPA97003100A (en) | Emulsion formation | |
WO2013141695A8 (en) | Apparatus and method for mass producing a monodisperse microbubble agent | |
US20130215706A1 (en) | Method and apparatus for creating cavitation for blending and emulsifying | |
CN111206381A (en) | Cavitation piece of microbubble generator, microbubble generator and clothing processing apparatus | |
CN102974411A (en) | Microfluidic device and method for preparing monodispersed bubble covered with liquid film by utilizing same | |
KR101865240B1 (en) | Device for generating bubble | |
US8453997B2 (en) | Supersonic nozzle | |
AU2015354410A1 (en) | Fire-fighting system | |
WO2014134115A1 (en) | Variable velocity apparatus and method for blending and emulsifying | |
US20030199595A1 (en) | Device and method of creating hydrodynamic cavitation in fluids | |
US20160207013A1 (en) | Device For Mixing Fluids | |
RU2781580C1 (en) | Underwater apparatus for mixing gas and liquid flows | |
JP2007275754A (en) | Atomization method, atomization apparatus, and atomization system | |
US20180290115A1 (en) | Smart entrainment atomisation mixing system | |
RU141430U1 (en) | EJECTOR | |
CN111018147A (en) | Ozone aeration cavity | |
Filiz et al. | A Computational Study of Drop Formation in an Axisymmetric Flow-Focusing Device |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 12802311 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A2 |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |