WO2012122862A1 - 熔断器 - Google Patents
熔断器 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2012122862A1 WO2012122862A1 PCT/CN2012/070274 CN2012070274W WO2012122862A1 WO 2012122862 A1 WO2012122862 A1 WO 2012122862A1 CN 2012070274 W CN2012070274 W CN 2012070274W WO 2012122862 A1 WO2012122862 A1 WO 2012122862A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuse
- groove
- straight
- melt
- circular
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/54—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers
- H01H85/60—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers the intermediate or auxiliary part having contacts at opposite ends for co-operation with the base
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/54—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers
- H01H85/545—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers with pivoting fuse carrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/54—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers
- H01H85/547—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers with sliding fuse carrier
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H31/00—Air-break switches for high tension without arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H31/02—Details
- H01H31/12—Adaptation for built-in fuse
- H01H31/122—Fuses mounted on, or constituting the movable contact parts of, the switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
- H01H85/54—Protective devices wherein the fuse is carried, held, or retained by an intermediate or auxiliary part removable from the base, or used as sectionalisers
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
- H01H9/102—Fuses mounted on or constituting the movable contact parts of the switch
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H9/00—Details of switching devices, not covered by groups H01H1/00 - H01H7/00
- H01H9/10—Adaptation for built-in fuses
- H01H9/104—Adaptation for built-in fuses with interlocking mechanism between switch and fuse
Definitions
- the invention relates to a fuse, in particular a removable low voltage fuse with an open structure.
- the fuse is a kind of electrical protection function. It can be used for isolation protection between power supply and load. It is also widely used as protection for power grids and electrical equipment. When the line of the power grid or electrical equipment is short-circuited or overloaded, The fuse can automatically cut off the circuit to avoid damage to electrical equipment and prevent accidents from spreading.
- the basic structure of the fuse consists mainly of the melt, the carrier and the fuse base.
- the function of the melt is to protect the electrical equipment from overheating and melting when the current is too large due to overload or short-circuit faults in the circuit.
- the carrier and fuse base are supported, insulated and protected by an insulating material.
- the melt carrying member is provided with a cavity for placing the melt, and a book is arranged on both sides of the cavity
- the fuse moving contact, the carrier member is generally made in a manually operable form for the operator to remove or insert the melt when changing the melt.
- the fuse base has fixed contacts and terminals that can be in contact with the moving contacts provided on the carrier member. It is used not only to mount the fixed melt, but also to achieve electrical connection between the melt and the circuit.
- the melt is often replaced, that is, the old or melted melt is removed and replaced with a new melt. This operation requires a charging operation, so the operation of replacing the melt is not only It is convenient, labor-saving, and must be safe for the operator.
- the prior art fuses can be classified into two types, a straight pull type and a rotary type, in accordance with the manner of replacing the melt.
- the melt-carrying melt-carrying member in the fuse base is directly pulled out of the base to separate the melt from the contact.
- the advantage of this structure is that the melt is The isolation distance of the contacts is large, and the safety is good, but the operation is laborious and inconvenient.
- Rotary fuses when replacing or installing the melt, rotate the carrier member around the fixed fulcrum of the base by an angle to separate the melt from the contacts.
- the advantage of this structure is that the operation is labor-saving, but the melt and touch The head has a small isolation distance and is less secure.
- the object of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the prior art, and to provide a fuse with a set of ingenious operating mechanisms, which can not only have two types of motions, such as a straight pull type and a rotary type, but also facilitate a straight pull type. And rotary
- the conversion of the two types of movements has the advantages of labor saving, safety, convenient and quick replacement of the melt, and the function of preventing over-rotation, anti-rotation, anti-pulling and display of the fuse.
- the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.
- the fuse comprises a melt 8, a carrier member 2 made of an insulating material and a fuse base, and the carrier member 2 is provided with a cavity for placing the melt 8, and the fuse movable contact is disposed in the cavity
- the melt-carrying member 2 is disposed in a manually operable manner in a cavity of the fuse base formed by the snap-fit assembly of the case bottom 1 and the cover 3 for use when the operator replaces the melt 8
- the melt 8 is disassembled or inserted, and the fixed contacts 6 and 9 which can be in contact with the movable contacts provided on the carrier member 2 are provided on both sides of the fuse base, and the two fuse contacts 6, 9 are respectively Terminals 4, 5 to which the main circuit is electrically connected.
- the fuse further includes a rotary all-steering operation mechanism composed of a semi-circular shaft structure 100, and the semi-circular shaft structure 100 includes two semi-circular convex shafts 21, a first circular straight groove 11 and a first a two-circle straight groove 31, and the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 are respectively fitted and fitted with the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31, so that the carrier member 2 performs the following rotational movement with respect to the fuse base as follows.
- the melt-carrying member 2 in the fuse closing operation phase, can only make a rotational movement relative to the fuse base, and cannot be moved straight; in the fuse opening operation phase, the melt-carrying member 2 is opposite to the fuse base.
- the mutual conversion between the two types of motion can be realized at a transition position to the pull-out or push-in operation of the fuse; in the stage of the fuse pull-out or push-in operation, the melt-carrying member 2 is opposed to The fuse base can only be moved in a straight line.
- the present invention also provides another fuse comprising a melt 8, a carrier member 2 made of an insulating material, and a fuse base, and the carrier member 2 is provided with a cavity for placing the melt 8, the fuse is moved
- the contacts are disposed on two sides of the cavity, and the carrier member 2 is disposed in a manually operable manner in a cavity of the fuse base formed by the sleeve bottom 1 and the cover 3 being assembled and assembled together for use in
- the melt 8 is disassembled or inserted, and the fixed contacts 6 and 9 which can be in contact with the movable contacts provided on the carrier member 2 are provided on both sides of the fuse base, and the two are respectively blown.
- the terminals 6, 9 are electrically connected to the main circuit by terminals 4, 5.
- the fuse further includes a rotary all-steering operating mechanism including a semi-circular shaft structure 100 and a direct-moving rail structure 200.
- the semi-circular shaft structure 100 includes two semi-circular convex shafts 21, a first circular straight groove 11 and a second circular straight groove 31, and the direct-moving guide rail structure 200 includes two sliding protrusions 24 And the first rail slot 113, the second rail slot 313, the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are disposed in parallel; the two slider protrusions 24 are respectively between the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313
- the fit is a sliding fit.
- the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 of the semi-circular shaft structure 100 are respectively fitted and fitted with the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31, and two of the direct-moving guide rail structures 200 are
- the slider protrusions 24 are respectively fitted and matched with the first rail groove 113 and the second rail groove 313, so that the carrier member 2 performs the following rotational movement or linear movement with respect to the fuse base, in the fuse closing operation phase, two The slider protrusions 24 are separated from the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313, respectively, so that the carrier member 2 can only perform a rotational movement with respect to the fuse base, and cannot be directly moved; during the fuse opening operation phase, Two slip The block protrusions 24 respectively enter the entrances of the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313, so that the carrier member 2 can be in a transitional position from the fuse to the pull-out or push-in operation with respect to the fuse base.
- the constraining of the melt-carrying member 2 can only move linearly with respect to the fuse base; and the semi-circle
- the linear shaft structure 100 constrains the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2 to coincide with the direction of movement of the straight-moving rail structure 200 that constrains the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2.
- the two semicircular protruding shafts 21 are formed on the carrier member 2, and the first circular straight groove 11 and the second circular straight groove 31 are formed on the fuse base; or the two semicircular convex portions One of the shafts 21 is formed on the case bottom 1 of the fuse base, and the other is formed on the case cover 3 of the fuse base, and the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31 are respectively formed on the melt carrying member 2
- the first straight straight groove 11 includes a first circular groove 111 and a first straight groove 112.
- the radius R1 of the first circular groove 111 is equal to the width H1 of the first straight groove 112, and is within one of the first straight grooves 112.
- the side surface is tangent to the inner circular surface of the first circular groove 111, and the first straight groove 112 communicates with the first circular groove 111.
- the second circular straight groove 31 includes a second circular groove 311 and a second straight groove 312, and second The radius R2 of the circular groove 311 is equal to the width H2 of the second straight groove 312, one inner side surface of the second straight groove 312 is tangent to the inner circular surface of the second circular groove 311, and the second straight groove 312 is in communication with the second circular groove 311;
- the radius RA of the semicircular convex shaft 21 fitted to the first straight straight groove 11 and the half of the first circular groove 111 The diameter R1 is equal
- the radius RB of the semicircular convex shaft 21 fitted to the second straight straight groove 31 is equal to the radius R2 of the second circular groove 311, and the axes of the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are concentric, the first circle
- the center of the groove 111 is concentric with the center of
- the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are the same semi-cylindrical body, and the cross-sectional surface shapes are all semi-circular.
- Each semicircular convex axis 21 includes a plane 212 parallel to the axis of the semicircular convex axis 21 and a circular arc surface 213 which is a semi-cylindrical semi-cylindrical shape of the semicircular convex axis 21 surface.
- the two slider protrusions 24 of the direct-moving rail structure 200 are formed on the carrier member 2, the first rail groove 113 is formed on the shell bottom 1 of the fuse base, and the second rail groove 313 is formed in the fuse.
- the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are respectively formed on the carrier member 2; the entrances of the lower ends of the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are each flared for guiding two
- the slider protrusions 24 enter the first rail groove 113 and the second rail groove 313, respectively.
- the fuse further includes an anti-static melt member 2 over-rotation positioning structure, the anti-overturn positioning structure comprising a protrusion 118 formed on the shell bottom 1 and/or the shell cover 3, formed on the melt-carrying member
- the shoulder 211 on the second protrusion 211 is in contact with the shoulder 211 when the carrier member 2 is rotated to the closing position to restrict the carrier member 2 from excessively rotating forward in the closed state.
- the fuse further includes a rotation preventing member 2 rotary positioning structure, and the anti-rotation positioning structure includes a flange 115 formed on the shell bottom 1 and/or the shell cover 3, formed on the melt carrying member 2
- the anti-rotation positioning structure includes a flange 115 formed on the shell bottom 1 and/or the shell cover 3, formed on the melt carrying member 2
- the fuse further comprises a guiding plane 116 formed on the bottom 1 and/or the cover 3, a guiding plane 28 formed on the carrier member 2; the guiding plane 116 and the first straight slot 11
- the second circular straight grooves 31 are parallel to each other; when the carrier member 2 is rotated to the opening position, the guiding plane 116 is parallel and in contact with the guiding plane 28; during the pulling or pushing of the carrier member 2, the guiding plane 116 is in contact with the guide plane 28 and slides relative to each other.
- the fuse further includes a retaining block 114 formed on the shell bottom 1 and/or the shell cover 3, a retaining prevention boss 26 formed on the carrier member 2; when the carrier member 2 is pulled out to In the maximum pulled-out position, the anti-slot boss 26 is blocked by the anti-offlet block 114 so that the carrier member 2 is not pulled off.
- the cavity of the melt-carrying member 2 is in the shape of a frusto-expansion that is enlarged in opening so that the melt 8 is conveniently loaded into or withdrawn from the cavity.
- the melt opening of the carrier member 2 is provided with a melt stop 22 for preventing the melt 8 from falling freely from the cavity.
- the fuse further includes a fuse indicator 7 disposed on the carrier member 2, which includes a resistor 72 mounted on the carrier member 2, an LED lamp 71, a contact strip and a display window 73, said contact The chip is connected in series with the resistor 72 and the LED lamp 71, and the contact piece is in parallel with the melt 8.
- the LED lamp 71 is illuminated.
- Figure 1 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of a fuse of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship of the fuse member and the bottom of the fuse base in the closed state of the fuse.
- Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the fuse shown in Fig. 1, showing the assembly relationship of the melt carrying member and the cover of the fuse base in the closed state of the fuse.
- Figure 3 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the fuse of the present invention, showing the assembly relationship of the melt member and the bottom of the fuse base in the open and preliminary pulled-out state of the fuse.
- Figure 4 is a perspective view of the fuse shown in Figure 3, showing the melt loaded in the open state of the fuse The assembly relationship between the piece and the cover of the fuse base.
- Figure 5 is a schematic plan view showing the structure of the fuse of the present invention, showing the assembled relationship of the carrier member and the bottom of the fuse base in the pulled-out state of the fuse.
- Figure 6 is a perspective view of the fuse shown in Figure 5, showing the assembled relationship of the melt carrying member and the cover of the fuse base in the pulled-out state of the fuse.
- Fig. 7 is a structural schematic view showing the parts of the bottom of the fuse base of the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a structural schematic view showing the parts of the cover of the fuse base of the present invention.
- Fig. 9 is a view showing the structure of the parts of the melt-carrying member of the fuse of the present invention, showing the structure of the fuse indicator. detailed description
- the fuse of the present invention comprises a melt 8, a carrier member 2 made of an insulating material, and a fuse base.
- the carrier member 2 is provided with a cavity for placing the melt 8 , the movable contact of the fuse is arranged on both sides of the cavity, and the cavity is formed into an expanded frustum shape so that the melt 8 can be conveniently inserted into the cavity or Removed from the cavity.
- a melt stop 22 is provided at the opening of the cavity to block the melt 8 so that the melt 8 does not fall freely within the cavity.
- the melt carrying member 2 is manually operable on the fuse base for disassembly or insertion of the melt 8 when the operator replaces the melt 8.
- the fuse base is formed by a shell bottom 1 and a shell cover 3 snap-fitted together, and the carrier member 2 is carried in a cavity formed by the shell bottom 1 and the shell cover 3 being fastened.
- On both sides of the fuse base there are fixed contacts 6, 9 which can be in contact with the moving contacts provided on the carrier member 2, and terminals 4, 5 for connecting the main circuit, as shown in Figs.
- one of the two terminals is mounted on the bottom 1 of the fuse base, the other is mounted on the cover 3, and the two terminals 4, 5 and the two contacts 6, 9 respectively
- the electrical connection, in particular, the terminal 4 is electrically connected to the contact 6, and the terminal 5 is electrically connected to the contact 9.
- both terminals 4, 5 can also be mounted on the bottom 1 or both on the cover 3.
- the "mounting on the fuse base" of the present invention includes two identical components mounted on the bottom of the base, two identical components mounted on the cover of the base, and one of which is mounted on the base On the bottom of the case, the other is mounted on the cover of the base. The following principles apply to the same situation where two identical components are installed or formed on the fuse base. To avoid repetition, details will not be repeated.
- the operator contacts/disconnects the melt 8 with the fuse contacts 6, 9 by a closing/opening operation of the melt carrying member 2.
- the closing operation causes the movable contacts at both ends of the melt carrying member 2 They are respectively in contact with two fuse contacts 6, 9 mounted on the fuse base, at which point the melt 8 is connected in series in the main circuit. If the main circuit is short-circuited or overloaded, the melt 8 melts due to overheating, thereby cutting off the main circuit.
- both fuse contacts 6, 9 may be separated from the melt 8, or the contacts 6 may be separated from the melt 8, or may be touched. The head 9 is separated from the melt 8.
- the first scheme shown in Fig. 3 is preferred, which is safer especially in the case where the melt 8 is exposed to the outside in the divided state.
- the fuse melt 8 can be replaced in the state in which the melt-carrying member 2 of the fuse is pulled out (as shown in Figs. 5 and 6).
- the rotary pull-up operating mechanism of the fuse of the present invention includes a semi-circular shaft structure 100 and a direct-moving rail structure 200.
- the semi-circular shaft structure 100 not only provides a rotating fulcrum for the rotary operation, but also provides a linear guide for the straight pull/direct push operation, that is, the semi-circular shaft structure 100 constrains the load carrier 2 relative to the fuse base.
- the form of motion is a rotation or a linear movement.
- the direct-moving rail structure 200 provides a linear guide for the straight pull/direct push operation, that is, the direct-moving rail structure 200 constrains the linear motion of the carrier member 2 relative to the fuse base.
- the rotary all-wheel operating mechanism of the present invention is critically solved by semi-circular
- the shaft structure 100 and the direct-moving rail structure 200 collectively constrain the technical problems caused by the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2, including the problem of how the semi-circular shaft structure 100 and the straight-moving rail structure 200 work together, or It is said that the mutual interference and conflicting problems of the two mechanisms of the semi-circular shaft structure 100 and the direct-moving rail structure 200 in the process of jointly restraining the movement of the carrier member 2 are overcome.
- the rotary all-pull operating mechanism of the present invention is characterized in that a rotary operation is employed in the fuse closing/opening operation, and a straight pull/direct push operation is employed in the fuse pull-out/push-in operation. Since the rotating action has the characteristics of low operating force, the rotating action is used to control the contact or breaking between the melt 8 and the fuse contacts 6, 9, so that the closing/opening operation is very light, and the straight pulling action is used for Replacing the melt 8 provides a sufficiently large separation distance.
- isolation distance refers to the separation distance between the melt 8 and the fuse contacts 6, 9, which is too small to cause the following problems: due to the breaking between the melt 8 and the charged fuse contacts 6 or 9.
- the distance is too small, so that the operation space for replacing the melt 8 is small, the operation is inconvenient, and the insulation safety is lowered.
- the melt 8 is replaced, the charged body may be touched and there is a safety hazard, and the present invention adopts the rotary pull type.
- the operating mechanism effectively overcomes the problems of large operating force and small isolation distance of the prior art.
- the present invention skillfully solves the above problems by employing the following specific technical solutions.
- the present invention constrains the movement of the melt-carrying member 2 relative to the fuse base by the semi-circular shaft structure 100, one of which is a rotation, the other is a linear movement, and can also be converted between rotation and linear movement.
- the carrier member 2 can be switched from the rotated state and position to the state and position of the linear movement, and the carrier member 2 can also be switched from the state and position of the linear movement to the state and position of the rotation.
- the rotational form of the carrier member 2 is used for the closing or opening operation of the fuse, that is, the melt 8
- the operation of contacting or breaking the two fuse contacts 6, 9 is achieved by the rotation of the carrier member 2, and the rotation of the carrier member 2 is formed by the constraint of the semicircular shaft structure 100. The constraint allows the carrier member 2 to rotate about a fulcrum provided by the semi-circular shaft structure 100.
- the linearly moving form of the melt-carrying member 2 is used for the pull-out or push-in operation of the fuse, which is to form the melt-carrying member 2 from the bottom 1 and the cover 2 of the fuse base.
- Pulling out or pushing in the cavity of the base the pulling operation is to check or replace the melt 8 (only the carrier member 2 is pulled out, and the melt 8 can be taken out from the cavity of the carrier member 2)
- the advancing operation is to push the carrier member 2 into the cavity of the fuse base formed by the case bottom 1 and the cover 3, and enter the rotatable position for rotating the carrier member 2 ( That is, closing operation).
- only one of the motion forms of the melt-carrying member 2 relative to the fuse base is constrained by the direct-moving rail structure 200, that is, linear movement, and the linear movement and the semi-circular shaft structure 100 are constrained.
- the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2 is in the same direction of movement and does not interfere with each other.
- the direct-moving rail structure 200 In the entire process of the rotating operation of the carrier member 2 (i.e., the fuse closing/opening operation), the direct-moving rail structure 200 must always release the constraint on the carrier member 2, that is, the direct-moving rail structure 200. The rotation of the carrier member 2 is never disturbed.
- the semicircular shaft structure 100 includes two semicircular convex shafts 21 (see Fig. 1) formed on the carrier member 2, and a first straight straight groove 11 formed on the bottom 1 of the casing. a second circular straight groove 31 formed on the cover 3, the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 are respectively fitted and fitted with the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31, and pass through the first straight straight groove 11 and one
- the mounting fit of the semi-circular male shaft 21 and the mounting of the second straight straight groove 31 with the other semi-circular male shaft 21 constrain the carrier member 2 relative to the bottom of the fuse base 1 and the cover 3
- the form of motion can only be rotated or moved in a straight line and can be switched between rotation and linear movement.
- the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 are respectively fitted and fitted with the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31, which can restrain the carrier member 2 from rotating or linearly moving, respectively, and rotating and straight. Movements cannot be done at the same time, but they can be converted to each other.
- the semi-circular shaft structure 100 can constrain the function of the carrier member 2 having two forms of rotation and linear movement and being mutually convertible between the two motion forms, which is achieved by the following specific structure.
- the first straight straight groove 11 includes a first circular groove 111 and a first straight groove 112.
- the radius R1 of the first circular groove 111 is equal to the width HI of the first straight groove 112, and one of the first straight grooves 112
- the inner side surface is tangent to the inner circular surface of the first circular groove, and the first straight groove 112 communicates with the first circular groove 111.
- the second circular straight groove 31 includes a second circular groove 311 and a second straight groove 312.
- the radius R2 of the second circular groove 311 is equal to the width H2 of the second straight groove 312, and one of the second straight grooves 312
- the inner side surface is tangent to the inner circular surface of the second circular groove 311, and the second straight groove 312 is in communication with the second circular groove 311.
- the radius RA of the semicircular convex shaft 21 that cooperates with the first straight straight groove 11 is equal to the radius R1 of the first circular groove 111
- the radius RB of the semicircular convex shaft 21 fitted to the second straight straight groove 31 is equal to the radius R2 of the second circular groove 311
- the axes of the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are concentric
- the first circular groove 111 is The center of the circle is concentric with the center of the second circular groove 311.
- Two semicircular protruding shafts 21 are respectively fitted and fitted with the first circular straight groove 11 and the second circular straight groove 31, which comprise
- the two-stage mounting fit is that the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 are respectively fitted with the first circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311, and the second-stage mounting fit is two semi-circular convex shafts. 21 is fitted to the first straight slot 112 and the second straight slot 312 respectively. It can be seen from Fig. 1 or 3 that the first stage installation and the second stage installation can only be performed separately, and cannot be performed simultaneously, but they can be mutually converted.
- the mounting fit of the two semicircular protruding shafts 21 to the first circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311 respectively means: the fitting fit of the semicircular convex axis 21 having the radius RA and the first circular groove 111 having the radius R1
- the mounting fit of the semi-circular convex axis 21 of radius RB and the second circular groove 311 of radius R2 is a clearance fit.
- a circular groove 111 and a second circular groove 311 constrain the semicircular convex axis 21 to rotate about a fulcrum which is the common center of the first circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311.
- the semicircular shaft is formed by the two semicircular convex shafts 21 respectively engaging with the first circular groove 111 of the first circular straight groove 11 and the second circular groove 311 of the second circular straight groove 31.
- the structure 100 constrains the carrier member 2 (the carrier member 2 is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the two semicircular projection shafts 21) with respect to the fuse base bottom 1 (the first circular groove 111 is formed at the bottom 1 of the housing)
- the upper and the cover 3 (the second circular groove 311 is formed on the cover 3) are in the form of rotation.
- the mounting fit of the two semi-circular protruding shafts 21 to the first straight slot 112 and the second straight slot 312 respectively means: a semi-circular convex axis 21 having a radius RA and a first straight slot 112 having a width HI
- the mounting fit is a sliding fit
- the mounting fit of the semi-circular male shaft 21 having a radius RB and the second straight groove 312 having a width H2 is also a sliding fit.
- the first straight straight groove 11 is symmetrically disposed with the second straight straight groove 31.
- the symmetrical arrangement refers to the arrangement that not only the first circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311 are concentric with each other, but also the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove
- the grooves 312 are parallel to each other.
- first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312 are linear grooves
- the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively located at the positions of the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312 (not shown in the position map)
- the two semicircular male shafts 21 are linearly slidable in the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312.
- the semi-circular convex shape is formed by the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 being respectively fitted with the first straight groove 112 of the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight groove 312 of the second circular straight groove 31.
- the shaft structure 100 constrains the carrier member 2 (the carrier member is fixedly connected or integrally formed with the two semicircular projection shafts 21) with respect to the fuse base shell 1 (the first straight groove 112 is formed at the shell bottom 1)
- the movement form of the upper cover and the cover 3 (the second straight groove 312 is formed on the cover 3) is a linear movement.
- the second circular straight groove 31 Since the first circular groove 111 of the first straight straight groove 11 communicates with the first straight groove 112, and one inner side surface of the first straight groove 112 is tangent to the inner circular surface of the first circular groove 111, the second circular straight groove 31
- the second circular groove 311 is in communication with the second straight groove 312, and an inner side surface of the second straight groove 312 is tangent to the inner circular surface of the second circular groove 112, so that the two semicircular convex axes 21 must exist as shown in FIG.
- the position shown in both the first circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311 is simultaneously Also in the transition position in the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312, only in this transition position state, the two semicircular convex shafts 21 can be rotated or moved, that is, half realized.
- the circular shaft structure 100 constrains the form of motion of the melt member 2 relative to the fuse base to convert between rotation and linear movement.
- the two semicircular convex shafts 21 have the same structure, are all semi-cylindrical, and have a semicircular cross section, so each semicircular convex axis 21 includes a plane 212 and a circular arc surface 213, and the plane 212 is Refers to the plane passing through the axis of the semicircular convex shaft 21 and parallel to the axis, and the circular arc surface 213 is a semi-cylindrical surface of the semi-cylindrical body of the semicircular convex shaft 21.
- the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively disposed between the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312 in the following relationship: when the fuse is in the closed state, the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively in the first state.
- the position of the circular groove 111 and the second circular groove 311 (as shown in FIG. 1), at this time, the circular arc surfaces 213 of the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively upward (the upper and lower relationship is based on FIG. 1).
- the two planes 212 of the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 are respectively downward (the upper and lower relationship is based on FIG.
- the two semicircular convex shafts 21 When the fuse is in the open state, the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively in the transition position (as shown in FIG. 3), and at this time, the two planes of the two semicircular convex shafts 21 are respectively parallel to
- the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the first straight groove 112 is disposed on the left side of the first circular groove 111, that is, the first straight groove 112 is opposite to the left semicircle of the first circular groove 111. It is not difficult to imagine that this embodiment can be replaced.
- Another solution is that the first straight groove 112 faces the right semicircle of the first circular groove 111.
- the two semi-circular convex shafts 21 and the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312 are set in the following shape relationship: when the fuse is in the closed state, the two semicircles The two planes 212 of the convex shaft 21 are respectively upward (the upper and lower relationship is based on FIG.
- the embodiment shown in Figures 1 and 3 is such that two semi-circular male shafts 21 are disposed on the carrier member 2, and the first straight straight groove 11 and the second straight straight groove 31 are respectively disposed on the bottom 1 of the base.
- the semi-circular shaft structure 100 includes a first straight straight groove and a second straight straight groove, two semicircles respectively formed on the carrier member 2.
- the convex shafts are respectively formed on the bottom 1 and the cover 3 of the base, and the two semi-circular convex shafts are respectively fitted and fitted with the first straight straight groove and the second straight straight groove.
- the rotary-straight-drawing operation mechanism of the present invention described above is constituted by a semi-circular shaft structure 100, which may also be constituted by a semi-circular shaft structure 100 and a direct-moving rail structure 200.
- the direct-moving rail structure 200 includes two slider projections 24 formed on the carrier member 2, a first rail groove 113 formed on the casing bottom (1), and a second rail groove formed on the casing cover 3. 313; when the fuse is in the closed state, the two slider protrusions 24 are separated from the first rail slot 311 and the second rail slot 313 respectively (as shown in FIG.
- two The slider protrusions 24 respectively enter the entrance of the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 (as shown in FIG. 3).
- the two slider protrusions 24 respectively The first rail groove 113 and the second rail groove 313 are fitted and fitted (as shown in FIG. 5), and the mounting fit allows the carrier member 2 to move linearly with respect to the fuse base.
- the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are disposed in parallel with each other, and the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are parallel to the first straight slot 112 and the second straight slot 312.
- the circular shaft structure 100 constrains the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2 to coincide with the direction of movement of the straight-moving rail structure 200 constraining the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2 to ensure the semi-circular shaft structure 100 and the direct-moving rail structure 200
- the two linear movements respectively constraining the carrier member 2 do not interfere with each other.
- the cooperation between the two slider protrusions 24 and the first rail groove 113 and the second rail groove 313 is a sliding fit.
- the rotatably movable form of the melt-carrying member 2 is constrained by the semi-circular rotating structure 100 for the closing or opening operation of the fuse, which is common to the semi-circular shaft structure 100 and the direct-moving rail structure 200.
- the form of motion that constrains the linear movement of the melt-carrying member 2 is used for the pull-out or push-in operation of the fuse.
- the embodiment shown in Figures 1, 3, and 5 adopts a structure in which both parts can provide a linear movement form, one set is a semi-circular shaft structure 100, and the other set is a direct-moving rail structure 200, and the advantage is that Without increasing the volume of the fuse base, the stroke of the pull-out or push-in of the melt-carrying member 2 can be increased to obtain a larger ideal isolation distance. In other words: if it is not considered to reduce the volume of the case bottom 1 and the cover 3, that is, on the basis shown in Fig.
- the direct-moving rail structure 200 can be omitted. If the stroke of the pull-out or push-in of the melt-carrying member 2 is not considered, that is, on the basis shown in FIG. 5, the load-carrying 2 is restricted from pulling out the first straight groove 112 and the second straight groove 312, then the direct shift Rail knot Structure 200 can also be omitted. It can be seen that the fundamental purpose of using the direct-moving guide rail 200 is to obtain a larger ideal isolation distance and reduce the volume of the fuse.
- the inlet of the lower end of the first rail groove 113 is flared, and the entrance of the lower end of the second rail groove 313 is also flared, and the fuse is in a state of being opened (ie, ready to be pulled out, as shown in FIG. 3).
- the two slider projections 24 respectively enter the flared entrance of the first rail groove 113 and the flared inlet of the second rail groove 313.
- the two sliders 24 are guided to smoothly enter the first rail groove 113 and the second rail groove 313, respectively.
- the upper end of the first rail groove 113 is blocked by the bottom of the shell 1, and the upper end of the second rail groove 313 is blocked by the cover 3, and the two slider protrusions 24 are prevented from respectively from the first rail by the blocking
- the groove 113 and the second rail groove 313 are pulled out, that is, when the carrier member 2 is pulled out to the maximum position as shown in FIG. 5, the two slider projections 24 are still blocked in the first rail groove 113.
- the two slider projections 24 of the direct-moving rail structure 200 of the embodiment shown in Fig. 3 are formed on the carrier member 2, and the first rail slot 113 and the second rail slot 313 are respectively formed on the fuse base.
- an alternative solution is: two slider protrusions 24 of the direct-moving rail structure 200 are respectively formed on the base, wherein one of the slider protrusions can be formed on the bottom 1 of the case, A slider projection is formed on the cover 3, and the first rail groove and the second rail groove are formed on the carrier member 2, respectively.
- the fuse of the present invention further includes an anti-overturn positioning structure and an anti-rotation positioning structure to prevent the carrier member 2 from freely rotating in the closed state.
- the anti-overturn positioning structure is used to limit the excessive rotation of the carrier member 2 in the closing state in the closing operation direction (clockwise rotation as shown in Fig. 1).
- the anti-rotation positioning structure is used to limit the rotation of the melt-carrying member 2 in the closed state (counterclockwise rotation shown in Fig. 1). As shown in FIG.
- the anti-overturn positioning structure includes a protrusion 118 formed on the fuse base, and a shoulder 211 formed on the carrier member 2, when the carrier member 2 is turned to the closing position, The projection 118 is in contact with the shoulder 211, and the projection 211 is blocked by the projection 118, thereby restricting the excessive movement of the melt-carrying member 2 forward.
- the anti-rotation positioning structure includes a flange 115 formed on the fuse base, and bosses 27 formed on both sides of the carrier member 2, when the carrier member 2 is rotated to the closing position, The boss 27 is blocked by the flange 115 and jammed to restrict the carrier member 2 from rotating freely.
- the positional relationship between the boss 27 and the flange 115 is varied, that is, the position shown in FIG. 3 is changed to the position shown in FIG. 1. During this change, the boss 27 is required.
- the melt is fixed at this time, since the cavity of the melt-carrying member 2 is outwardly expanded during the closing operation, the melt can be carried out within a certain range. Turn. Therefore, the boss 27 is restricted by the flange 115 to prevent the melt from being easily turned out. Since the bottom of the fuse base and the cover are all plastic parts with a certain elasticity, it is possible to overcome the limitation of normal operation by applying a little force during operation. During the opening operation, the positional relationship between the boss 27 and the flange 115 is changed from the position shown in Fig. 1 to the position shown in Fig. 3. It is obvious that the boss 27 still needs to pass over the flange 115, and this crossing is also through the convexity.
- the elastic deformation and cooperation between the table 27 and the flange 115 is achieved, and the force required for the elastic deformation is provided by the opening operation force.
- the arrangement of the flange 115 can be formed only by forming the cover 1 or the flange 115 only on the cover 3, in addition to the solution shown in the embodiment of Fig. 3.
- the fuse further includes a pull-out/push-in guide structure and an anti-pull structure.
- the pull-out/push-in guiding structure is used to guide the pulling-out or pushing-in direction of the melt-carrying member 2, although the semi-circular shaft structure 100 also has the function of guiding the pulling-out or pushing-in direction of the melt-carrying member 2,
- the reason for the volume and weight of the melt-carrying member 2 is that the relatively thin semicircular shaft structure 100 is sometimes insufficient to reliably carry out the pulling or pushing in the required operating force, so it is preferable to add a larger pull-out. Or push the pull/push guide structure of the operating force.
- the pull-out/push-in guiding structure comprises a guiding plane 116 formed on the base and a guiding plane 28 formed on the carrier member 2.
- the guide plane 116 is parallel and in contact with the guide plane 28.
- the guiding plane 116 slides relative to the guiding plane 28.
- the guiding plane 116 is disposed parallel to the first straight slot 112 and the second straight slot 312, that is, the guiding plane 116 is parallel to the first straight straight slot 11 and the second straight straight slot (31).
- the guiding plane 116 not only the two guiding planes 116 as shown in the figure are formed on the shell bottom 1 and the shell cover 3, respectively, but also the guiding plane 116 can be formed only on the shell bottom 1 or the guiding plane is formed only. On the cover 3 of the case.
- the purpose of the pull-back prevention structure is to prevent the melt-carrying member 2 from coming off the open bottom 1 or the cover 3 when pulled out.
- the anti-pull structure comprises a retaining block 114 formed on the fuse base and a retaining prevention boss 26 formed on the melt carrying member 2, and the anti-dropping boss 26 on the carrying member 2 acts and protrudes Similarly, when the carrier member 2 is rotated to the off position, the anti-slot boss 26 is slid into the housing boss 317, which prevents the carrier member 2 from being easily rotated.
- One function is to provide a turning point. At the prompting of the next action, the pull-out operation can be performed, and the other function is to prevent the melt-carrying member 2 from rotating to cause the fuse-body member 2 to be rotated when the melt-removing member 8 is replaced without being pulled out after the melt-carrying member 2 is turned out.
- the anti-dropping boss 26 slides into the housing boss 314, which prevents the melt-carrying member 2 from being easily pushed in.
- the function is to prevent the melt-carrying when the melt 8 is replaced or installed.
- the moving part 2 is moved and the melt is not allowed to be installed, and after the melt-carrying member 2 is restricted, it can be fixed to the set position to some extent.
- the carrier member 2 is pulled out to the maximum pulled-out position (the position shown in Fig. 5)
- the retaining projection 26 is blocked by the retaining block 114 to prevent the carrier member 2 from being pulled out. Since the carrier member 2 is a plastic member, the anti-slot boss 26 has a certain elasticity as long as it is applied. The limit can be lifted by certain operations.
- the direct-moving rail structure 200 itself has an anti-pulling structure. Therefore, the anti-pull structure composed of the anti-offlet block 114 and the anti-slot boss 26 actually functions as an auxiliary anti-pull function to assist the pull-out function of the direct-moving rail structure 200 in a large pull-out force and Can withstand the large torque that occurs during the pull-out process.
- the anti-pull structure can be omitted, but in the case of the non-straight-shifting rail structure 200, the An anti-pull structure is required to prevent the melt-carrying member 2 from being pulled off, resulting in inconvenience and reliability of the push-in operation.
- the fuse of the present invention further includes a fuse indicator 7, which can be used to indicate whether the melt 8 is installed when the fuse is in the closed state, or whether the melt 8 is blown.
- the fuse indicator 7 includes a resistor 72 mounted on the carrier member 2, an LED lamp 71, a contact piece, and a display window 73 provided on the carrier member 2.
- the contact piece is connected in series with the resistor 72 and the LED lamp 71, and the contact piece and the melt 8 are in parallel.
- the LED lamp 71 does not work at this time; when the melt 8 is blown, the contact piece connecting the melt 8 is electrically connected to the fuse contacts 6, 9
- the circuit of the fuse indicator 7 is turned on, the LED lamp 71 is illuminated, and the light of the LED lamp 71 is displayed through the display window 73, indicating that the fuse has actuated.
- the contact light is electrically connected to the fuse contact, and the LED light in the circuit of the indicator 7 can also be illuminated to prompt the operator that the fuse is not installed in the fuse.
Landscapes
- Fuses (AREA)
Description
熔断器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种熔断器, 特别是带有开启式结构的可拆换式低压熔断器。 说
背景技术
熔断器是起安全保护作用的一种电器, 它可用于电源与负载之间的隔离保护, 还广泛 用作电网和用电设备的保护, 当电网或用电设备的线路发生短路或过载时, 熔断器可自动 切断电路, 以避免电器设备损坏, 防止事故蔓延。 熔断器的基本结构主要由熔体、 载熔体 件和熔断器底座三部分组成。 熔体的功能是当因电路发生过载或短路故障引起电流过大时 熔体会过热并熔断, 从而起到保护用电设备的作用。 载熔体件和熔断器底座是起支撑、 绝 缘和保护作用, 由绝缘材料制成。 载熔体件上设有放置熔体的腔体, 在腔体的两侧设置有 书
熔断器动触头, 载熔体件一般制成可手动操作形式, 用于操作人员更换熔体时拆卸或*** 熔体。 熔断器底座上有可以与载熔体件上设置的动触头接触的固定触头和接线端子, 它不 仅用于安装固定熔体, 而且还用于实现熔体与电路之间的电连接。 在熔断器的使用过程中, 常会进行更换熔体的操作, 即把旧的或已熔断的熔体卸下, 换上新的熔体, 这种操作需要 带电操作, 因而更换熔体的操作不仅要求方便、 省力, 而且必须保证操作人员的安全。
现有技术的熔断器按照更换熔体的方式可分为直拉式和旋转式两种类型。 直拉式熔断 器在更换或安装熔体时, 是将熔断器底座中的承载熔体的载熔体件直接拉出底座, 使熔体 与触头分离, 这种结构的优点是熔体与触头的隔离距离较大, 安全性较好, 但操作费力、 不方便。 旋转式熔断器在更换或安装熔体时, 是将载熔体件绕底座的一个固定支点旋转一 个角度, 使熔体与触头分离, 这种结构的优点是操作省力, 但熔体与触头的隔离距离较小, 安全性较差。 然而, 要解决现有技术的上述缺陷, 需通过创新载熔体件相对于熔断器底座 的操作机构, 通过这种新型的操作机构, 不仅要满足操作力小、 更换熔体方便、 操作安全 性能好等使用要求, 而且还能实现熔断器结构和功能的优化。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于克服现有技术的缺陷, 提供一种熔断器, 采用一套设计巧妙的操作 机构, 不仅可根据需要兼具直拉式和旋转式两种运动类型, 而且方便实现直拉式和旋转式
两种运动类型的转换, 具有操作省力、 安全、 更换熔体方便、 快捷的优点, 并且具有熔断 器防过转、 防回转、 防拉脱和显示功能。
为实现上述目的, 本发明采用了如下技术方案。
熔断器, 包括熔体 8、 由绝缘材料制成的载熔体件 2和熔断器底座, 载熔体件 2上设有 放置熔体 8 的腔体, 熔断器动触头设置在该腔体的两侧, 载熔体件 2 以可手动操作形式设 置在由壳底 1和壳盖 3扣合装配在一起所构成的熔断器底座的空腔内, 用于当操作人员更 换熔体 8时拆卸或***熔体 8,熔断器底座的两侧上设有可以与载熔体件 2上设置的动触头 接触的固定触头 6、 9和分别将两个熔断器触头 6, 9与主电路电连接的接线端子 4、 5。 所 述的熔断器还包括由半圆形转轴结构 100 构成的旋转一直拉式操作机构, 所述的半圆形转 轴结构 100包括两个半圆形凸轴 21、 第一圆直槽 11和第二圆直槽 31, 并且这两个半圆形 凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31安装配合, 使得载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底 座做如下的转动运动或直线移动, 在熔断器合闸操作阶段, 载熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座 只能做转动运动, 不能直移; 在熔断器分闸操作阶段, 载熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座能在 向熔断器的拉出或推入操作的过渡位置上实现转动和直线移动这两种运动形式之间的相互 转换; 在熔断器拉出或推入操作阶段, 载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座只能做直线移动。
本发明还提供另外一种熔断器, 包括熔体 8、 由绝缘材料制成的载熔体件 2和熔断器底 座, 载熔体件 2上设有放置熔体 8的腔体, 熔断器动触头设置在该腔体的两侧, 载熔体件 2 以可手动操作形式设置在由壳底 1和壳盖 3扣合装配在一起所构成的熔断器底座的空腔内, 用于当操作人员更换熔体 8时拆卸或***熔体 8,熔断器底座的两侧上设有可以与载熔体件 2上设置的动触头接触的固定触头 6、 9和分别将两个熔断器触头 6, 9与主电路电连接的接 线端子 4、 5。 所述的熔断器还包括旋转一直拉式操作机构, 所述的旋转一直拉式操作机构 包括半圆形转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200。所述的半圆形转轴结构 100包括两个半圆 形凸轴 21、 第一圆直槽 11和第二圆直槽 31, 所述的直移式导轨结构 200包括两个滑块凸 起 24和第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313, 第一导轨槽 113与第二导轨槽 313平行设置; 两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313之间的配合为滑动配合。 所述的 半圆形转轴结构 100的这两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31安装配 合, 并且所述的直移式导轨结构 200的两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨 槽 313安装配合, 使得载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座做如下的转动运动或直线移动, 在熔 断器合闸操作阶段, 两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313分离, 使载 熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座只能做转动运动, 不能直移; 在熔断器分闸操作阶段, 两个滑
块凸起 24分别进入第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313的入口处, 使载熔体件 2相对于熔断 器底座能在从熔断器分闸向拉出或推入操作的过渡位置上实现转动和直线移动这两种运动 形式之间的相互转换; 在熔断器拉出或推入操作阶段, 约束载熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座 只能做直线移动; 并且所述的半圆形转轴结构 100约束载熔体件 2 的直线移动与直移式导 轨结构 200约束载熔体件 2的直线移动的移动方向一致。
所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21形成在载熔体件 2上, 第一圆直槽 11和第二圆直槽 31形成 在熔断器底座上; 或者所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21中的一个形成在熔断器底座的壳底 1上, 另一个形成在熔断器底座的壳盖 3上、 第一圆直槽 11和第二圆直槽 31分别形成在载熔体 件 2上; 所述的第一圆直槽 11包括第一圆槽 111和第一直槽 112, 第一圆槽 111的半径 R1 等于第一直槽 112的宽度 Hl, 第一直槽 112的一个内侧面与第一圆槽 111的内圆面相切, 第一直槽 112与第一圆槽 111相通;所述的第二圆直槽 31包括第二圆槽 311和第二直槽 312, 第二圆槽 311的半径 R2等于第二直槽 312的宽度 H2,第二直槽 312的一个内侧面与第二圆 槽 311的内圆面相切,第二直槽 312与第二圆槽 311相通;在所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21中, 与第一圆直槽 11安装配合的半圆形凸轴 21的半径 RA与第一圆槽 111的半径 R1相等, 与 第二圆直槽 31安装配合的半圆形凸轴 21的半径 RB与第二圆槽 311的半径 R2相等, 两个 半圆形凸轴 21的轴心同心, 第一圆槽 111的圆心与第二圆槽 311的圆心同心; 第一圆直槽 11与第二圆直槽 31对称设置, 两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆槽 111、 第二圆槽 311之 间的配合为间隙配合, 两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一直槽 112、 第二直槽 312之间的配合 为滑动配合。
所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21为相同的半圆柱体, 其横载面形状均为半圆形。 每个半圆形 凸轴 21包括一个平行于该半圆形凸轴 21轴线的平面 212和一个圆弧面 213, 所述圆弧面 213为半圆形凸轴 21的半圆柱体的半圆柱面。
所述的直移式导轨结构 200的两个滑块凸起 24形成在载熔体件 2上, 第一导轨槽 113 形成在熔断器底座的壳底 1上, 第二导轨槽 313形成在熔断器底座的壳盖 3上; 或者所述 的直移式导轨结构 200的滑块凸起 24中的一个形成在熔断器底座的壳底 1上, 另一个形成 在熔断器底座的壳盖 3上, 第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313分别形成在载熔体件 2上; 所述的第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313 的下端的入口处各为喇叭形, 用于引导两个滑块 凸起 24分别进入第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313。 所述的第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313的上端各被熔断器底座的壳底 1封堵,用于防止两个滑块凸起 24分别从第一导轨槽 113 和第二导轨槽 313中拉脱出来。
所述的熔断器还包括防载熔体件 2 过转定位结构, 所述的防过转定位结构包括形成在 壳底 1和 /或壳盖 3上的凸起 118、 形成在载熔体件 2上的凸肩 211, 在载熔体件 2转动到 合闸位置时, 所述的凸起 118与凸肩 211接触, 以限制载熔体件 2在合闸状态下往前过度 转动。
所述的熔断器还包括防载熔体件 2 回转定位结构, 所述的防回转定位结构包括形成在 壳底 1和 /或壳盖 3上的凸缘 115、 形成在载熔体件 2上的凸台 27, 在载熔体件 2转动到合 闸位置时, 凸台 27被凸缘 115卡住, 以限制载熔体件 2在合闸状态下自由往回转动。
所述的熔断器还包括形成在壳底 1和 /或壳盖 3上的引导平面 116、 形成在载熔体件 2 上的导向平面 28 ; 所述的引导平面 116与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31相互平行; 当载 熔体件 2转动到分闸位置时, 引导平面 116与导向平面 28平行并接触; 在载熔体件 2拉出 或推入过程中, 引导平面 116与导向平面 28接触并相对滑动。
所述的熔断器还包括形成在壳底 1和 /或壳盖 3上的防脱挡块 114、 形成在载熔体件 2 上的防脱凸台 26 ;当载熔体件 2拉出到最大拉出位置时,防脱凸台 26被防脱挡块 114挡住, 以使载熔体件 2不被拉脱。
所述的载熔体件 2 的腔体成开口扩大的锥台形, 以便熔体 8方便地装入所述腔体或从 腔体内取出。 所述的载熔体件 2的腔体开口处设有一个熔体挡块 22, 用以防止熔体 8从所 述腔体内自由脱落。
所述的熔断器还包括设置在载熔体件 2上的熔断指示器 7,它包括安装在载熔体件 2上 的电阻 72、 LED灯 71、 接触片和显示窗口 73, 所述的接触片与电阻 72、 LED灯 71 串联连 接, 且接触片与熔体 8处于并联状态, 当熔断器处于合间状态但没有安装熔体 8或者熔体 8 熔断时, 所述 LED灯 71亮。 附图说明
图 1 是本发明的熔断器的结构示意平面图, 图中示出了熔断器处于合闸状态下的载熔 体件与熔断器底座的壳底的装配关系。
图 2是图 1所示的熔断器的立体示意图, 图中示出了熔断器处于合闸状态下的载熔体 件与熔断器底座的壳盖的装配关系。
图 3 是本发明的熔断器的结构示意平面图, 图中示出了熔断器处于分闸和预备拉出状 态下的载熔体件与熔断器底座的壳底的装配关系。
图 4是图 3所示的熔断器的立体示意图, 图中示出了熔断器处于分闸状态下的载熔体
件与熔断器底座的壳盖的装配关系。
图 5 是本发明的熔断器的结构示意平面图, 图中示出了熔断器处于拉出状态下的载熔 体件与熔断器底座的壳底的装配关系。
图 6是图 5所示的熔断器的立体示意图, 图中示出了熔断器处于拉出状态下的载熔体 件与熔断器底座的壳盖的装配关系。
图 7是本发明的熔断器底座的壳底的零件结构示意图。
图 8是本发明的熔断器底座的壳盖的零件结构示意图。
图 9是本发明的熔断器的载熔体件的零件结构示意图, 图中示出了熔断指示器的结构。 具体实施方式
下面结合附图所示的实施例, 进一步描述本发明的具体实施方式。 本发明的实施方式 不限于以下实施例。
参见图 1至 6所示的合闸、 分闸、 拉出状态的结构示意平面图和立体示意图, 本发明 的熔断器包括熔体 8、 由绝缘材料制成的载熔体件 2和熔断器底座。 载熔体件 2上设有放置 熔体 8 的腔体, 熔断器动触头设置在腔体的两侧, 腔体成开口扩大的锥台形, 以便熔体 8 方便地装入腔体或从腔体内取出。 腔体开口处设有一个熔体挡块 22, 用以挡住熔体 8, 使 熔体 8在腔体内不会自由脱落。 载熔体件 2 以可手动操作形式设置在熔断器底座上, 用于 当操作人员更换熔体 8时拆卸或***熔体 8。熔断器底座由一个壳底 1和一个壳盖 3相互扣 合装配在一起而形成, 载熔体件 2承载在该底座的由壳底 1和壳盖 3扣合所形成的空腔内。 熔断器底座的两侧上设有可以与载熔体件 2上设置的动触头接触的固定触头 6、 9和用于连 接主电路的接线端子 4、 5, 在如图 1、 3、 5所示的实施例中, 两个接线端子的其中一个安 装在熔断器底座的壳底 1, 另一个安装在壳盖 3上, 两个接线端子 4、 5分别与两个触头 6、 9电连接, 具体说, 接线端子 4与触头 6电连接, 接线端子 5与触头 9电连接。 显然, 也可 以将这两个接线端子 4, 5均安装在壳底 1上, 或者均安装在壳盖 3上。 本发明所述的 "安 装在熔断器底座上"包括两个相同元件均安装在该底座的壳底上、 两个相同元件均安装在 该底座的壳盖上, 也包括其中一个安装在该底座的壳底上, 另一个则安装在该底座的壳盖 上。 以下多处涉及两个相同元件安装或形成在熔断器底座上的同类情况均适用此技术原理, 为避免重复, 将不再一一赘述。
操作人员通过对载熔体件 2的合闸 /分闸操作,使熔体 8与熔断器触头 6, 9接触 /分断。 在熔断器处于合闸状态 (如图 1和 2所示状态) 下, 合闸操作使载熔体件 2两端的动触头
分别与安装在熔断器底座上的两个熔断器触头 6、 9接触, 此时熔体 8被串联连接在主电路 中。 如果主电路发生短路或过载, 则熔体 8 因过热而熔化, 从而将主电路切断。 在熔断器 处于分闸状态 (如图 3和 4所示状态) 下, 两个熔断器触头 6, 9可以都与熔体 8分离, 或 者是触头 6与熔体 8分离, 或者是触头 9与熔体 8分离。 在以上三种方案中优选图 3所示 的第一种方案, 该方案特别是在分间状态下熔体 8 暴露在外面的情况下更加安全。 在熔断 器的载熔体件 2拉出状态 (如图 5和 6所示状态) 下, 可进行更换熔断器熔体 8。
下面结合图 1至 8说明本发明的熔断器的旋转一直拉式操作机构。 该旋转一直拉式操 作机构包括半圆形转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200。半圆形转轴结构 100不仅为旋转操 作动作提供旋转支点, 而且还为直拉 /直推操作动作提供直线导向, 也就是说, 半圆形转轴 结构 100约束载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座的运动形式为转动或直线移动。 直移式导轨结 构 200为直拉 /直推操作动作提供直线导向, 也就是说, 直移式导轨结构 200约束载熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座的运动形式为直线移动。 由于半圆形转轴结构 100 和直移式导轨结构 200都参与了约束载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座的运动形式, 因此本发明的旋转一直拉式操 作机构关键要解决好由半圆形转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200共同约束载熔体件 2的 直线移动所带来的技术问题, 包括半圆形转轴结构 100与直移式导轨结构 200之间如何协 调工作的问题, 或者说要克服半圆形转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200这两个机构在共 同约束载熔体件 2 的运动形式的过程中的相互干扰和相互冲突的问题。 本发明的旋转一直 拉式操作机构的特点在于, 在熔断器合闸 /分闸操作时采用旋转操作动作, 而在熔断器拉出 /推入操作时采用直拉 /直推操作动作。 由于旋转动作具有操作力小的特点, 所以旋转动作 用于控制熔体 8与熔断器触头 6, 9之间的接触或分断, 使得合闸 /分闸操作十分轻便, 而 直拉动作用于为更换熔体 8提供足够大的隔离距离。 这里所谓隔离距离是指熔体 8与熔断 器触头 6, 9之间的间隔距离, 隔离距离太小会导致以下问题: 因熔体 8与带电的熔断器触 头 6或 9之间的分断距离太小, 使更换熔体 8的操作空间小而使操作不方便而绝缘安全性 降低, 当更换熔体 8 时有可能触碰到带电体而存在安全隐患, 而本发明采用旋转一直拉式 操作机构, 有效克服了现有技术的操作力大和隔离距离小的问题。 具体地说, 本发明采用 了以下具体技术方案巧妙地解决了上述难题。 本发明通过半圆形转轴结构 100 约束载熔体 件 2 相对于熔断器底座的运动形式有两个, 一个是转动, 另一个是直线移动, 而且还能在 转动与直线移动之间相互转换, 也就是说, 载熔体件 2 能从转动的状态和位置转换到直线 移动的状态和位置, 并且, 载熔体件 2 也能从直线移动的状态和位置转换到转动的状态和 位置。 如前所述, 载熔体件 2的转动形式用于熔断器的合闸或分闸操作, 也就是说, 熔体 8
与两个熔断器触头 6, 9接触或分断的操作是通过载熔体件 2的转动实现的, 而载熔体件 2 的转动是受半圆形转轴结构 100 的约束而形成的, 该约束使得载熔体件 2能绕由半圆形转 轴结构 100所提供的支点转动。 载熔体件 2的直线移动形式用于熔断器的拉出或推入操作, 该拉出或推入操作是指将载熔体件 2从熔断器底座的壳底 1和壳盖 2形成的底座空腔内拉 出来或推进去, 该拉出操作是为了检查或更换熔体 8 (只有载熔体件 2拉出来了, 才能将熔 体 8从载熔体件 2的腔体内取出来) , 而推进操作是将载熔体件 2推到由壳底 1和壳盖 3 形成的熔断器底座的空腔内, 并进入到可转动的位置, 以便对载熔体件 2进行转动操作(即 合闸操作) 。 根据本发明的另一种实施方式, 由直移式导轨结构 200约束载熔体件 2相对 于熔断器底座的运动形式只有一个, 即直线移动, 而且该直线移动与半圆形转轴结构 100 约束载熔体件 2 的直线移动的移动方向一致, 互不干扰。 在载熔体件 2进行转动操作 (即 熔断器合闸 /分闸操作) 的全过程中, 直移式导轨结构 200必须始终解除对载熔体件 2的约 束, 即直移式导轨结构 200始终不会干扰载熔体件 2的转动。
参见图 7、 图 8, 半圆形转轴结构 100包括形成在载熔体件 2上的两个半圆形凸轴 21 (见图 1 ) 、 形成在壳底 1上的第一圆直槽 11、 形成在壳盖 3上的第二圆直槽 31, 两个半 圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31安装配合, 通过第一圆直槽 11与一个半 圆形凸轴 21的安装配合, 以及第二圆直槽 31与另一个半圆形凸轴 21的安装配合, 约束载 熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座的壳底 1、 壳盖 3的运动形式只能为转动或者直线移动, 并能在 转动和直线移动之间转换。 也就是说, 由两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11和第二 圆直槽 31安装配合, 可约束载熔体件 2能分别作转动或直线移动, 而且转动和直线移动不 能同时进行, 但它们之间可以相互转换。 半圆形转轴结构 100可约束载熔体件 2具有转动 和直线移动两个运动形式且能在两种运动形式之间相互转换的功能, 是通过以下具体结构 实现的。 如图 7所示, 第一圆直槽 11包括第一圆槽 111和第一直槽 112, 第一圆槽 111的 半径 R1等于第一直槽 112的宽度 HI,第一直槽 112的一个内侧面与第一圆槽的内圆面相切, 第一直槽 112与第一圆槽 111相通。 如图 8所示, 第二圆直槽 31包括第二圆槽 311和第二 直槽 312, 第二圆槽 311的半径 R2等于第二直槽 312的宽度 H2, 第二直槽 312的一个内侧 面与第二圆槽 311的内圆面相切, 第二直槽 312与第二圆槽 311相通。 如图 1、 3所示, 在 两个半圆形凸轴 21中, 与第一圆直槽 11相配合的半圆形凸轴 21的半径 RA与与第一圆槽 111 的半径 R1相等, 与第二圆直槽 31相安装配合的半圆形凸轴 21 的半径 RB与第二圆槽 311的半径 R2相等, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的轴心同心, 第一圆槽 111的圆心与第二圆槽 311 的圆心同心。 两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31安装配合, 其包括
两个阶段的安装配合, 第一阶段安装配合是两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆槽 111、 第二 圆槽 311安装配合, 第二阶段安装配合是两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一直槽 112、 第二直 槽 312安装配合。 由图 1或 3可见, 第一阶段安装配合与第二阶段安装配合只能分别进行, 不能同时进行, 但它们之间可以相互转换。 正是通过第一阶段安装配合与第二阶段安装配 合及其它们之间的相互转换, 通过一套机构实行了载熔体件 2 相对于熔断器底座的运动形 式为转动或直线移动, 并且能在转动和直线移动两种形式之间转换。 两个半圆形凸轴 21分 别与第一圆槽 111、 第二圆槽 311 的安装配合是指: 半径为 RA的半圆形凸轴 21与半径为 R1的第一圆槽 111的安装配合为间隙配合,半径为 RB的半圆形凸轴 21与半径为 R2的第二 圆槽 311 的安装配合为间隙配合。 参见图 1, 当两个半圆形凸轴 21分别处在第一圆槽 111 和第二圆槽 311 内的位置 (如图 1所示位置, 亦即第一阶段安装配合位置) 时, 第一圆槽 111和第二圆槽 311约束半圆形凸轴 21绕一个支点转动, 该支点就是第一圆槽 111和第二 圆槽 311 的共圆心。 由此可见, 通过两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11 的第一圆槽 111、 第二圆直槽 31 的第二圆槽 311 的安装配合, 形成了半圆形转轴结构 100约束载熔体 件 2 (该载熔体件 2与两个半圆形凸轴 21固定连接或一体成形) 相对于熔断器底座壳底 1 (第一圆槽 111形成在该壳底 1上)和壳盖 3 (第二圆槽 311形成在该壳盖 3上) 的运动形 式为转动。所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一直槽 112、第二直槽 312的安装配合是指: 半径为 RA的半圆形凸轴 21与宽度为 HI的第一直槽 112的安装配合为滑动配合,半径为 RB 的半圆形凸轴 21与宽度为 H2的第二直槽 312的安装配合也为滑动配合。 第一圆直槽 11与 第二圆直槽 31对称设置, 该对称设置是指这样的设置: 不仅第一圆槽 111与第二圆槽 311 相互同心, 而且第一直槽 112与第二直槽 312相互平行。 由于第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312 都是直线槽, 所以当两个半圆形凸轴 21分别处在第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312的位置 (该 位置图中未示出, 即第二阶段安装配合位置) 时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21可在第一直槽 112和 第二直槽 312 内直线滑动。 由此可见, 通过两个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一圆直槽 11的第 一直槽 112、 第二圆直槽 31的第二直槽 312的安装配合, 形成了半圆形凸轴结构 100约束 载熔体件 2 (该载熔体件与两个半圆形凸轴 21固定连接或一体成形) 相对于熔断器底座壳 底 1 (第一直槽 112形成在该壳底 1上) 和壳盖 3 (第二直槽 312形成在该壳盖 3上) 的运 动形式为直线移动。 由于第一圆直槽 11的第一圆槽 111与第一直槽 112相通, 并且第一直 槽 112的一个内侧面与第一圆槽 111的内圆面相切, 第二圆直槽 31的第二圆槽 311与第二 直槽 312相通, 并且第二直槽 312的一个内侧面与第二圆槽 112的内圆面相切, 所以两个 半圆形凸轴 21必定存在一个如图 3所示的既在第一圆槽 111、 第二圆槽 311的位置, 同时
也在第一直槽 112、 第二直槽 312中的过渡位置, 仅在这一过渡位置状态下, 两个半圆形凸 轴 21既可作转动, 也可作移动, 也就是实现了半圆形转轴结构 100约束载熔体件 2相对于 熔断器底座的运动形式能在转动与直线移动之间相互转换。
两个半圆形凸轴 21具有相同结构, 均为半圆柱体, 其横截面为半圆, 所以每个半圆形 凸轴 21包括一个平面 212和一个圆弧面 213,所述的平面 212是指过半圆形凸轴 21的轴线 且与该轴线平行的平面, 所述的圆弧面 213是指半圆形凸轴 21的半圆柱体的半圆柱面。 两 个半圆形凸轴 21分别与第一直槽 112、 第二直槽 312之间按以下关系设置: 当熔断器处于 合闸状态时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21分别处在第一圆槽 111、 第二圆槽 311 内的位置 (如图 1 所示位置) , 此时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的圆弧面 213分别朝上 (上下关系以图 1为准) , 并分别朝向第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312, 而两个半圆形凸轴 21的两个平面 212分别朝下 (上下关系以图 1为准) , 并分别与第一直槽 312的两个内侧面不平行, 即该两个平面 212 分别朝向第一圆槽 111和第二圆槽 311的内圆面。 由于 RA=H1, RB=H2, 所以直径 2RA>H1, 直径 2RB>H2, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的直径分别大于第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312的宽度, 所 以在合闸状态下,两个半圆形凸轴 21分别被稳定地约束在第一圆槽 111和第二圆槽 311内, 以使熔断器稳定地保持在合闸状态。 当熔断器处于分闸状态时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21分别处 在过渡位置 (如图 3所示的位置) , 此时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的两个平面分别平行于第一 直槽 112和第二直槽 312的两个内侧面,由于两半圆形凸轴 21的半径分别等于第一直槽 112 和第二直槽 312的宽度, 即 RA=H1, RB=H2, 所以在此状态下, 通过对载熔体件 2施加向外 拉的操作力, 则两个半圆形凸轴 21可在第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312内向外直线移动, 直 到载熔体件 2被拉出。 在所述的过渡位置, 如果对载熔体件 2施加图 3所示的顺时针方向 的扭矩, 则两个半圆形凸轴 21可在第一圆槽 111和第二圆槽 311内如图 3所示的顺时针方 向转动, 直到载熔体件 2回到合闸状态。
图 3所示的实施例是第一直槽 112设置在第一圆槽 111的左侧, 即第一直槽 112对着 第一圆槽 111 的左半圆, 不难想象, 该实施例可替代的另一方案是第一直槽 112对着第一 圆槽 111的右半圆。在此方案下, 所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21与第一直槽 112、第二直槽 312 需按以下形位关系设置: 当熔断器处于合闸状态时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的两个平面 212分 别朝上 (上下关系以附图 1为准) , 并分别朝向第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312, 两个半圆形 凸轴 21的两个圆弧面 213分别朝下 (上下关系以图 1为准, 即分别朝向第一圆槽 111和第 二圆槽 311的内圆面) , 两个平面 212分别与第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312的两个内侧面 不平行。 在熔断器处于分闸状态时, 两个半圆形凸轴 21的两个平面 212分别平行于第一直
槽 112和第二直槽 312的两个内侧面。
图 1、 3所示的实施例是两个半圆形凸轴 21设置在载熔体件 2上, 而第一圆直槽 11和 第二圆直槽 31分别设置在底座的壳底 1上和壳盖 3上, 可替代的另一方案是: 所述的半圆 形转轴结构 100包括分别形成在载熔体件 2上的第一圆直槽和第二圆直槽、 两个半圆形凸 轴分别形成在底座的壳底 1和壳盖 3上, 两个半圆形凸轴分别与第一圆直槽和第二圆直槽 安装配合。 该方案仅是设置关系与附图所示的实施例不同, 其它均相同, 所以其工作原理 以及直槽宽度 (Hl、 H2 ) 、 圆槽半径 (Rl、 R2 ) 、 半圆形凸轴的形状等结构和参数与附图 所示的实施相同。
以上说明的本发明的旋转-直拉式操作机构由半圆形转轴结构 100构成, 该机构还可以 由半圆形转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200共同构成。 直移式导轨结构 200包括形成在 载熔体件 2上的两个滑块凸起 24、 形成在壳底(1 )上的第一导轨槽 113和形成在壳盖 3上 的第二导轨槽 313 ; 在熔断器处于合闸状态下, 两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 311、 第二导轨槽 313分离 (如图 1所示) , 在熔断器处于分闸状态下, 两个滑块凸起 24分别进 入第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313的入口处 (如图 3所示) , 在熔断器拉出 /推入操作过 程中, 两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313安装配合 (如图 5所示) , 该安装配合允许载熔体件 2相对于熔断器底座做直线移动。 第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313相互平行对称设置, 而且第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313与第一直槽 112、 第二直槽 312相互平行, 通过这样的设置, 使得半圆形转轴结构 100约束载熔体件 2的直线移动与直 移式导轨结构 200约束载熔体件 2的直线移动的移动方向一致, 以确保半圆形转轴结构 100 和直移式导轨结构 200分别约束载熔体件 2 的两个直线移动之间互不干扰。 两个滑块凸起 24分别与第一导轨槽 113、 第二导轨槽 313之间的配合为滑动配合。 如前所述, 由半圆形 转动结构 100约束载熔体件 2可转动的运动形式用于熔断器的合闸或分闸操作, 由半圆形 转轴结构 100和直移式导轨结构 200共同约束载熔体件 2可直线移动的运动形式用于熔断 器的拉出或推入操作。 图 1、 3、 5 所示的实施例采用了两部分都能提供直线移动形式的结 构, 其中一套是半圆形转轴结构 100, 另一套是直移式导轨结构 200, 优点是可在不增加熔 断器底座的体积的前提下, 可增大载熔体件 2 的拉出或推入的行程, 以获得较大的理想的 隔离距离。 换言之: 如果不考虑减小壳底 1和壳盖 3的体积, 即在图 5所示的基础上, 将 壳底 1和壳盖 3的外壳向上延伸,使得半圆形凸轴 21不脱离第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312, 那么直移式导轨结构 200是可以省去的。 如果不考虑增大载熔体件 2的拉出或推入的行程, 即在图 5所示的基础上, 限制载熔 2拉出第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312, 那么直移式导轨结
构 200也是可省去的。 由此可见, 采用直移式导轨 200 的根本目的是获得较大的理想的隔 离距离和减小熔断器的体积。 第一导轨槽 113 的下端的入口处成喇叭形, 第二导轨槽 313 的下端的入口处也成喇叭形, 在熔断器处于分闸状态 (即预备拉出的状态, 如图 3 所示的 状态) 时, 两个滑块凸起 24分别进入第一导轨槽 113的喇叭形的入口处和第二导轨槽 313 的喇叭形的入口处。通过该喇叭形的入口,引导两个滑块 24分别顺利进入到第一导轨槽 113 和第二导轨槽 313。 所述的第一导轨槽 113的上端被壳底 1封堵, 第二导轨槽 313的上端被 壳盖 3封堵,通过所述的封堵防止两个滑块凸起 24分别从第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313 中拉脱出来, 也就是在载熔体件 2拉出到如图 5所示的最大位置时, 两个滑块凸起 24仍被 堵在第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 312内。 图 3所示的实施例的直移式导轨结构 200的两 个滑块凸起 24形成在载熔体件 2上, 而第一导轨槽 113和第二导轨槽 313分别形成在熔断 器底座的壳底 1和壳盖 3上, 可替代的方案是: 直移式导轨结构 200的两个滑块凸起 24分 别形成在底座上, 其中一个滑块凸起可形成在壳底 1 上, 另一个滑块凸起则形成在壳盖 3 上, 而第一导轨槽和第二导轨槽分别形成在载熔体件 2上。
为了增强操作方便性和安全性, 本发明的熔断器还包括防过转定位结构和防回转定位 结构, 以防止载熔体件 2在合闸状态下自由转动。 防过转定位结构用于限制载熔体件 2在 合闸状态下朝合闸操作的方向继续向前的过度转动 (图 1 所示的顺时针方向转动) 。 而防 回转定位结构用于限制载熔体件 2在合闸状态下往回转动 (图 1所示的逆时针方向转动) 。 如图 1所示, 防过转定位结构包括形成在熔断器底座上的凸起 118、 形成在载熔体件 2上的 凸肩 211, 在载熔体件 2转到合闸位置时, 所述的凸起 118与凸肩 211接触, 通过凸起 118 挡住凸肩 211, 从而限制了载熔体件 2往前过度转动。 这里的凸起 118有两个, 其中一个形 成在壳底 1上,另一形成在壳盖 3上,也就是前面所述的"形成在熔断器底座上的凸起 118 ", 不难想象, 可替代的方案是: 两个凸起 118均可形成在壳底 1或壳盖 3上。 如图 3所示, 防回转定位结构包括形成在熔断器底座上的凸缘 115、 形成在载熔体件 2上两侧的凸台 27, 在载熔体件 2转动到合闸位置时, 凸台 27被凸缘 115挡住并卡住, 以限制载熔体件 2 自由 往回转动。 在合闸操作过程中, 凸台 27与凸缘 115之间的位置关系是变化的, 即由图 3所 示的位置变化到图 1所示的位置, 在这个变化过程中, 凸台 27需要越过凸缘 115, 而这个 越过动作是通过凸台 27与凸缘 115之间的弹性变形及配合实现的, 所述的弹性变形所需的 力是由合闸操作力提供的, 因此, 实际上在合闸位置时, 凸台 27是被凸缘 115卡住的, 当 然凸缘 115也挡往了凸台 27, 从而限制了载熔体件 2的回转。 圆形凸台 27仅在载熔体件 2 与熔断器触头 6、 9处于闭合的状态下才置于底座上的凸缘 115下, 主要考虑是当安装熔体
8后, 熔体受触头夹紧固定, 虽然此时熔体被固定了, 但因载熔体件 2的腔体在闭合操作时 是向外扩张的, 熔体还可在一定范围内进行转动。 因此通过凸缘 115限制凸台 27, 防止熔 体轻易的转出来。 因熔断器底座的壳底、 壳盖都是具有一定的弹性的塑料件, 因此在操作 时只要稍微施加点力, 就能克服限制正常操作。 在分闸操作过程中, 凸台 27与凸缘 115之 间的位置关系由图 1所示位置变化到图 3所示位置, 显然凸台 27仍需要越过凸缘 115, 这 个越过同样是通过凸台 27与凸缘 115之间的弹性变形及配合实现的, 而该弹性变形所需的 力是由分闸操作力提供的。 凸缘 115 的设置除图 3实施例所示的方案外, 还可由将其仅形 成壳底 1上或者凸缘 115仅形成壳盖 3上。
参见图 1、 3、 5, 所述的熔断器还包括拉出 /推入引导结构和防拉脱结构。 拉出 /推入引 导结构用于引导载熔体件 2 的拉出或推入方向, 虽然半圆形转轴结构 100也具有引导载熔 体件 2 的拉出或推入方向的功能, 但由于载熔体件 2 的体积和重量的原因, 光靠比较单薄 的半圆形转轴结构 100 有时不足以可靠承载拉出或推入所需的操作力, 因而最好增设一个 能承载较大拉出或推入操作力的拉出 /推入引导结构。 所述的拉出 /推入引导结构包括形成 在底座上的引导平面 116和形成在载熔体件 2上的导向平面 28。 当载熔体件 2转到预备拉 出位置 (如图 3所示位置, 也是分闸位置) 时, 引导平面 116与导向平面 28平行并接触。 在载熔体件 2的拉出 /或推入过程中, 引导平面 116与导向平面 28相对滑动。 引导平面 116 平行于第一直槽 112和第二直槽 312设置, 也就是引导平面 116与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆 直槽 (31 ) 是相互平行的。 有关引导平面 116 的设置, 不仅包含了如图所示的两个引导平 面 116分别形成在壳底 1和壳盖 3上, 而且引导平面 116还可以仅形成在壳底 1上或者引 导平面仅形成在壳盖 3上。 防拉脱结构的用途是阻止载熔体件 2在拉出时脱离开壳底 1或 壳盖 3。所述的防拉脱结构包括形成在熔断器底座上的防脱挡块 114和形成在载熔体件 2上 的防脱凸台 26, 载熔件 2上的防脱凸台 26作用与凸台 27相似, 当载熔体件 2旋转至断开 位置后, 防脱凸台 26才滑入壳体凸台 317中, 可防止载熔体件 2轻易回转, 一个作用是提 供一个转折点, 用于提示下一步动作可以进行拉出操作, 另一个作用是当载熔体件 2 转出 来后未拉出的情况下进行更换熔体 8时, 防止载熔体件 2回转造成熔断体件 2的一端与熔 断器触头隔离距离减小, 以确保安全操作。 当载熔体件 2拉出后, 防脱凸台 26滑入壳体凸 台 314中, 可防止载熔体件 2轻易推入, 作用是在更换或安装熔体 8时, 防止载熔体件 2 移动而不便安装熔体, 载熔体件 2 受限制后, 可一定程度上固定在该设定位置。 当载熔体 件 2拉出到最大拉出位置 (图 5所示位置) 时, 防脱凸台 26被防脱挡块 114挡住, 以阻止 载熔体件 2被拉脱出来。 因载熔体件 2为塑料件, 防脱凸台 26具有一定的弹性, 只要施加
一定操作即可解除限制。
由于直移式导轨结构 200的第一导轨槽 113上端被壳底 1封堵, 第二导轨槽 313上端 被壳盖 3封堵, 所以直移式导轨结构 200本身也具有防拉脱的结构, 因而由防脱挡块 114、 防脱凸台 26所组成的防拉脱结构其实充当了辅助的防拉脱功能,以协助直移式导轨结构 200 的防拉脱功能在较大的拉出力和在拉出过程中能承受出现的较大的扭矩。 因而, 在具有直 移式导轨结构 200 的前提下, 如果在拉出操作力较小的情况下, 可以省去防拉脱结构, 但 在无直移式导轨结构 200的情况下, 所述的防拉脱结构是需要的, 以防止载熔体件 2被拉 脱而导致推入操作的不便和可靠性下降。
参见图 1、 3、 5、 9, 本发明的熔断器还包括熔断指示器 7, 它既可以用于显示熔断器 处于合闸状态时是否安装有熔体 8, 也可以显示熔体 8是否熔断。 如图 9所示, 熔断指示器 7包括安装在载熔体件 2上的电阻 72、 LED灯 71、 接触片、 设置在载熔体件 2上的显示窗 口 73。 所述的接触片与电阻 72、 LED灯 71串联连接, 且接触片与熔体 8处于并联状态。 正 常工作时, 因熔体 8完好短接在电路中, 此时 LED灯 71不工作; 当熔体 8熔断时, 因连接 熔体 8的接触片与熔断器触头 6、 9电气连接, 从而使熔断指示器 7的电路导通, LED灯 71 亮, 并通过显示窗口 73可显示出 LED灯 71 的亮光, 显示熔断器已动作。 在未安装熔体 8 时, 如果熔断器处于合闸状态, 因接触片与熔断器触头电气连接, 也可使指示器 7 的电路 中的 LED灯亮, 以提示操作人员熔断器中没有安装熔体 8。
Claims
1. 一种熔断器, 包括熔体 (8) 、 由绝缘材料制成的载熔体件 (2) 和熔断器底座, 载 熔体件 (2) 上设有放置熔体 (8) 的腔体, 熔断器动触头设置在该腔体的两侧, 载熔体件
(2) 以可手动操作形式设置在由壳底 (1) 和壳盖 (3) 扣合装配在一起所构成的熔断器底 座的空腔内, 用于当操作人员更换熔体 (8) 时拆卸或***熔体 (8) , 熔断器底座的两侧 上设有可以与载熔体件 (2) 上设置的动触头接触的固定触头 (6、 9) 和分别将两个熔断器 触头 (6, 9) 与主电路电连接的接线端子 (4、 5) ,
其特征在于:
所述的熔断器还包括由半圆形转轴结构 (100) 构成的旋转一直拉式操作机构, 所述的 半圆形转轴结构(100)包括两个半圆形凸轴(21)和第一圆直槽(11)和第二圆直槽(31), 并且这两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 分别与第一圆直槽 (11) 、 第二圆直槽 (31) 安装配合, 使 得载熔体件(2)相对于熔断器底座做如下的转动运动或直线移动, 在熔断器合闸操作阶段, 载熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器底座只能做转动运动, 不能直移; 在熔断器分闸操作阶段, 载 熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器底座能在向熔断器的拉出或推入操作的过渡位置上实现转动和直 线移动这两种运动形式之间的相互转换; 在熔断器拉出或推入操作阶段, 载熔体件 (2) 相 对于熔断器底座只能做直线移动。
2. 一种熔断器, 包括熔体 (8) 、 由绝缘材料制成的载熔体件 2 和熔断器底座, 载熔 体件 2上设有放置熔体 8的腔体, 熔断器动触头设置在该腔体的两侧, 载熔体件 2 以可手 动操作形式设置在由壳底 (1) 和壳盖 (3) 扣合装配在一起所构成的熔断器底座的空腔内, 用于当操作人员更换熔体 (8) 时拆卸或***熔体 (8) , 熔断器底座的两侧上设有可以与 载熔体件 (2) 上设置的动触头接触的固定触头 (6、 9) 和分别将两个熔断器触头 (6, 9) 与主电路电连接的接线端子 (4、 5) ,
其特征在于:
所述的熔断器还包括旋转一直拉式操作机构, 所述的旋转一直拉式操作机构包括半圆 形转轴结构 (100) 和直移式导轨结构 (200) ;
所述的半圆形转轴结构 (100) 包括两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 和第一圆直槽 (11) 和第二 圆直槽(31),所述的直移式导轨结构(200)包括两个滑块凸起(24)和第一导轨槽(113)、 第二导轨槽(313), 第一导轨槽(113)与第二导轨槽(313)平行设置; 两个滑块凸起(24) 分别与第一导轨槽 (113) 、 第二导轨槽 (313) 之间的配合为滑动配合; 所述的半圆形转轴结构 (100) 的这两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 分别与第一圆直槽 (11) 、 第二圆直槽 (31) 安装配合, 并且所述的直移式导轨结构 (200) 的两个滑块凸起 (24) 分 别与第一导轨槽 (113) 、 第二导轨槽 (313) 安装配合, 使得载熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器 底座做如下的转动运动或直线移动, 在熔断器合闸操作阶段, 两个滑块凸起 (24) 分别与 第一导轨槽(113)、 第二导轨槽 (313)分离, 使载熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器底座只能做转动 运动, 不能直移; 在熔断器分闸操作阶段, 两个滑块凸起 (24)分别进入第一导轨槽(113)、 第二导轨槽 (313)的入口处, 使载熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器底座能在从熔断器分闸向拉出 或推入操作的过渡位置上实现转动和直线移动这两种运动形式之间的相互转换; 在熔断器 拉出或推入操作阶段, 约束载熔体件 (2) 相对于熔断器底座只能做直线移动; 并且所述的 半圆形转轴结构 (100) 约束载熔体件 (2) 的直线移动与直移式导轨结构 (200) 约束载熔 体件 (2) 的直线移动的移动方向一致。
3. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于:
所述的两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 形成在载熔体件 (2) 上, 第一圆直槽 (11) 和第二圆直 槽 (31) 形成在熔断器底座上; 或者所述的两个半圆形凸轴 21中的一个形成在熔断器底座 的壳底 (1) 上, 另一个形成在熔断器底座的壳盖 (3) 上、 第一圆直槽 11和第二圆直槽 31 分别形成在载熔体件 (2) 上;
所述的第一圆直槽 (11) 包括第一圆槽 (111) 和第一直槽 (112) , 第一圆槽 (111) 的半径 R1等于第一直槽(112)的宽度 Hl,第一直槽(112)的一个内侧面与第一圆槽( 111) 的内圆面相切, 第一直槽 (112) 与第一圆槽 (111) 相通;
所述的第二圆直槽 (31) 包括第二圆槽 (311) 和第二直槽 (312) , 第二圆槽 (311) 的半径 R2等于第二直槽(312)的宽度 H2,第二直槽(312)的一个内侧面与第二圆槽(311) 的内圆面相切, 第二直槽 (312) 与第二圆槽 (311) 相通;
在所述的两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 中, 与第一圆直槽 (11) 安装配合的半圆形凸轴 (21) 的半径 RA与第一圆槽 (111) 的半径 R1相等, 与第二圆直槽 (31) 安装配合的半圆形凸轴 (21) 的半径 RB与第二圆槽 (311) 的半径 R2相等, 两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 的轴心同心, 第一圆槽 (111) 的圆心与第二圆槽 (311) 的圆心同心;
第一圆直槽 (11) 与第二圆直槽 (31) 对称设置, 两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 分别与第一 圆槽 (111) 、 第二圆槽 (311) 之间的配合为间隙配合, 两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 分别与第 一直槽 (112) 、 第二直槽 (312) 之间的配合为滑动配合。
4. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于: 所述的两个半圆形凸轴 (21) 为相同的半圆柱体, 其横载面形状均为半圆形; 每个半圆形凸轴 (21) 包括一个平行于该半圆形凸轴 (21) 轴线的平面 212 和一个圆 弧面 (213) , 所述圆弧面 (213) 为半圆形凸轴 (21) 的半圆柱体的半圆柱面。
5. 根据权利要求 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于:
所述的直移式导轨结构 (200) 的两个滑块凸起 (24) 形成在载熔体件 (2) 上, 第一 导轨槽 (113) 形成在熔断器底座的壳底 (1) 上, 第二导轨槽 (313) 形成在熔断器底座的 壳盖 (3) 上; 或者所述的直移式导轨结构 (200) 的滑块凸起 (24) 中的一个形成在熔断 器底座的壳底 (1) 上, 另一个形成在熔断器底座的壳盖 (3) 上, 第一导轨槽 113 和第二 导轨槽 313分别形成在载熔体件 (2) 上;
所述的第一导轨槽 (113) 和第二导轨槽 (313) 的下端的入口处各为喇叭形, 用于引 导两个滑块凸起 (24) 分别进入第一导轨槽 (113) 和第二导轨槽 (313) ;
所述的第一导轨槽 (113) 和第二导轨槽 (313) 的上端各被熔断器底座的壳底 (1) 封 堵, 用于防止两个滑块凸起 (24) 分别从第一导轨槽 (113) 和第二导轨槽 (313) 中拉脱 出来。
6. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于: 所述的熔断器还包括防载熔体件
(2) 过转定位结构, 所述的防过转定位结构包括形成在壳底 (1) 和 /或壳盖 (3) 上的凸 起 (118) 、 形成在载熔体件 (2) 上的凸肩 (211) , 在载熔体件 (2) 转动到合闸位置时, 所述的凸起 (118) 与凸肩 (211)接触, 以限制载熔体件(2)在合闸状态下往前过度转动。
7. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于: 所述的熔断器还包括防载熔体件 (2) 回转定位结构, 所述的防回转定位结构包括形成在壳底 (1) 和 /或壳盖 (3) 上的凸 缘 (115) 、 形成在载熔体件 (2) 上的凸台 (27) , 在载熔体件 (2) 转动到合闸位置时, 凸台 (27) 被凸缘 (115) 卡住, 以限制载熔体件 (2) 在合闸状态下自由往回转动。
8. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于:
所述的熔断器还包括形成在壳底 (1) 和 /或壳盖 (3) 上的引导平面 (116) 、 形成在 载熔体件 (2) 上的导向平面 (28) ;
所述的引导平面 (116) 与第一圆直槽 11、 第二圆直槽 31相互平行;
当载熔体件 (2) 转动到分闸位置时, 引导平面 (116) 与导向平面 (28) 平行并接触; 在载熔体件 (2) 拉出或推入过程中, 引导平面 (116) 与导向平面 (28) 接触并相对 滑动。
9. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于: 所述的熔断器还包括形成在壳底 (1) 和 /或壳盖 (3) 上的防脱挡块 (114) 、 形成在 载熔体件 (2) 上的防脱凸台 (26) ;
当载熔体件 (2) 拉出到最大拉出位置时, 防脱凸台 (26) 被防脱挡块 (114) 挡住, 以使载熔体件 (2) 不被拉脱。
10. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于:
所述的载熔体件 (2) 的腔体成开口扩大的锥台形, 以便熔体 (8) 方便地装入所述腔 体或从腔体内取出;
所述的载熔体件 (2) 的腔体开口处设有一个熔体挡块 (22) , 用以防止熔体 (8) 从 所述腔体内自由脱落。
11. 根据权利要求 1或 2所述的熔断器, 其特征在于: 还包括设置在载熔体件 (2) 上 的熔断指示器 (7) , 它包括安装在载熔体件 (2) 上的电阻 (72) 、 LED灯 (71) 、 接触片 和显示窗口 (73) , 所述的接触片与电阻 (72) 、 LED灯 (71) 串联连接, 且接触片与熔体
(8) 处于并联状态, 当熔断器处于合闸状态但没有安装熔体 (8) 或者熔体 (8) 熔断时, 所述 LED灯 (71) 亮。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US14/004,099 US9384930B2 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-01-12 | Fuse appliance |
ES12757335.0T ES2575116T3 (es) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-01-12 | Dispositivo de fusible |
EP12757335.0A EP2685485B1 (en) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-01-12 | Fuse device |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CN2011100595865A CN102122594B (zh) | 2011-03-11 | 2011-03-11 | 熔断器 |
CN201110059586.5 | 2011-03-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2012122862A1 true WO2012122862A1 (zh) | 2012-09-20 |
Family
ID=44251119
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Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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PCT/CN2012/070274 WO2012122862A1 (zh) | 2011-03-11 | 2012-01-12 | 熔断器 |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US9384930B2 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP2685485B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102122594B (zh) |
ES (1) | ES2575116T3 (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2685485T3 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2012122862A1 (zh) |
Cited By (1)
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CN115628652A (zh) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-01-20 | 山西北方机械制造有限责任公司 | 一种基于电驱动的双向切换式引信安保机构 |
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CN102122594B (zh) * | 2011-03-11 | 2013-05-01 | 上海诺雅克电气有限公司 | 熔断器 |
CN105097379B (zh) | 2014-05-16 | 2017-11-17 | 北京人民电器厂有限公司 | 多熔断体的熔断器 |
US10074500B2 (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2018-09-11 | Eaton Intelligent Power Limited | Low profile fusible disconnect switch device |
US10283309B2 (en) * | 2017-05-31 | 2019-05-07 | Te Connectivity Corporation | Fuse panel module with a movable fuse holder |
EP3608934A1 (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2020-02-12 | Gorlan Team, S.L.U. | A fuse switch module |
CN108831810B (zh) * | 2018-08-10 | 2023-10-03 | 上海友邦电气(集团)股份有限公司 | 一种适用于导轨安装的熔断器 |
US11139136B1 (en) * | 2020-05-30 | 2021-10-05 | Regal Beloit America, Inc. | Fuse holder with busbar clamp |
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- 2012-01-12 WO PCT/CN2012/070274 patent/WO2012122862A1/zh active Application Filing
- 2012-01-12 PL PL12757335.0T patent/PL2685485T3/pl unknown
- 2012-01-12 EP EP12757335.0A patent/EP2685485B1/en active Active
- 2012-01-12 US US14/004,099 patent/US9384930B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2685485A1 (en) | 2014-01-15 |
US20140009255A1 (en) | 2014-01-09 |
PL2685485T3 (pl) | 2016-10-31 |
CN102122594A (zh) | 2011-07-13 |
ES2575116T3 (es) | 2016-06-24 |
EP2685485B1 (en) | 2016-03-30 |
US9384930B2 (en) | 2016-07-05 |
EP2685485A4 (en) | 2014-11-26 |
CN102122594B (zh) | 2013-05-01 |
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