WO2011125826A1 - アイスクリーム類及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
アイスクリーム類及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2011125826A1 WO2011125826A1 PCT/JP2011/058186 JP2011058186W WO2011125826A1 WO 2011125826 A1 WO2011125826 A1 WO 2011125826A1 JP 2011058186 W JP2011058186 W JP 2011058186W WO 2011125826 A1 WO2011125826 A1 WO 2011125826A1
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- Prior art keywords
- milk
- ice cream
- protein
- fat
- product
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- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
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- 101001122938 Homo sapiens Lysosomal protective protein Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 102100028524 Lysosomal protective protein Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
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- 235000004213 low-fat Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
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- 241000611330 Chryseobacterium Species 0.000 description 3
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- 235000013601 eggs Nutrition 0.000 description 3
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- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- SOUXAAOTONMPRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[5-amino-5-oxo-2-(phenylmethoxycarbonylamino)pentanoyl]amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C(CCC(=O)N)NC(=O)OCC1=CC=CC=C1 SOUXAAOTONMPRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 102000009127 Glutaminase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108010073324 Glutaminase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108060008539 Transglutaminase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000005862 Whey Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005562 fading Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013341 fat substitute Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000000404 glutamine group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)* 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011533 pre-incubation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005185 salting out Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 102000003601 transglutaminase Human genes 0.000 description 2
- PJVXUVWGSCCGHT-ZPYZYFCMSA-N (2r,3s,4r,5r)-2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;(3s,4r,5r)-1,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexan-2-one Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(=O)CO PJVXUVWGSCCGHT-ZPYZYFCMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-bis(ethenyl)benzene;1-ethenyl-2-ethylbenzene;styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1.CCC1=CC=CC=C1C=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C NWUYHJFMYQTDRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101000950981 Bacillus subtilis (strain 168) Catabolic NAD-specific glutamate dehydrogenase RocG Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000611354 Empedobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000589565 Flavobacterium Species 0.000 description 1
- 102000016901 Glutamate dehydrogenase Human genes 0.000 description 1
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- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000015140 cultured milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001723 curing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000291 glutamic acid group Chemical group N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N glutamine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(N)=O ZDXPYRJPNDTMRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021312 gluten Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 235000019534 high fructose corn syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/38—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing peptides or proteins
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23G—COCOA; COCOA PRODUCTS, e.g. CHOCOLATE; SUBSTITUTES FOR COCOA OR COCOA PRODUCTS; CONFECTIONERY; CHEWING GUM; ICE-CREAM; PREPARATION THEREOF
- A23G9/00—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor
- A23G9/32—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds
- A23G9/36—Frozen sweets, e.g. ice confectionery, ice-cream; Mixtures therefor characterised by the composition containing organic or inorganic compounds containing microorganisms or enzymes; containing paramedical or dietetical agents, e.g. vitamins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12Y—ENZYMES
- C12Y305/00—Hydrolases acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5)
- C12Y305/01—Hydrolases acting on carbon-nitrogen bonds, other than peptide bonds (3.5) in linear amides (3.5.1)
- C12Y305/01002—Glutaminase (3.5.1.2)
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23C—DAIRY PRODUCTS, e.g. MILK, BUTTER OR CHEESE; MILK OR CHEESE SUBSTITUTES; MAKING THEREOF
- A23C9/00—Milk preparations; Milk powder or milk powder preparations
- A23C9/12—Fermented milk preparations; Treatment using microorganisms or enzymes
- A23C9/1203—Addition of, or treatment with, enzymes or microorganisms other than lactobacteriaceae
- A23C9/1216—Other enzymes
Definitions
- the present invention is based on the priority claim of Japanese Patent Application No. 2010-081175 (filed on Mar. 31, 2010), the entire description of which is incorporated herein by reference. Shall.
- the present invention relates to ice creams and a method for producing the same. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for producing ice cream having a rich body feeling, smooth texture, and ice cream having improved physical properties such as overrun and color tone.
- Ice cream is a food with a smooth texture that is obtained by using milk and dairy products as the main ingredients, adding other ingredients such as eggs and sugar as needed, and semi-frozen or frozen while stirring. is there. It is said that the rich taste, good meltability, smoothness, rich flavor, etc. of ice cream are caused by a uniform and fine structure and body, and this tissue formation and body feeling are milk components such as milk fat It is supposed to be brought by.
- Patent Document 1 a method containing a starch degradation product
- Patent Document 2 a method containing a whey protein isolate (WPI) with a protein concentration increased to 90% or more
- Patent Document 3 a method containing whey protein concentrate
- Patent Document 4 a method containing heat-denatured whey protein and dextrin
- Patent Document 5 a heat-denatured whey protein containing whey protein
- Patent Documents 1 to 11 and Non-Patent Documents 1 and 2 are incorporated herein by reference.
- the following analysis has been made by the present invention.
- starch degradation products such as dextrin have low stability at low temperatures, and not only are rough and powdery when stored for a long period of time, but they also lead to deterioration in quality such as richness and flavor, and sufficient fat content.
- the substitute effect is not felt.
- denatured whey protein is not affected by food components because it is denatured by heat, etc., and it can add smoothness and creaminess to foods, while whey-specific odors and flavors affect foods.
- protein deamidase is an enzyme that directly acts on an amide group in a protein and catalyzes a deamidation reaction.
- glutamine residues in the protein are converted to glutamic acid residues, resulting in carboxyl groups, which increases protein negative charge, increases electrostatic repulsion, decreases isoelectric point, increases hydration power, etc. Occur.
- various functional properties such as protein solubility, increased water dispersibility, and emulsifying power are improved (Non-patent Documents 1 and 2, and Patent Documents 7 to 11).
- methods for using protein deamidase in foods are disclosed in Patent Documents 7, 9, 10, and 11.
- Patent Document 10 discloses a method of using protein deamidase in yogurt, cheese, and pudding, and Patent Document 11 adds milk treated with protein deamidase to starch-containing foods such as bread and white sauce. By doing so, a method for producing a starch-containing food product that has good color, gloss, and texture and that is inhibited from deterioration with time after cooking is disclosed.
- protein deamidase for the purpose of improving the texture and physical properties of ice cream and improving the quality of low-fat ice cream using the technology.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an ice cream having a rich body feeling and a smooth texture and a method for producing the same, or an ice cream having good texture and physical properties even when fat is reduced. And a method of manufacturing the same.
- the present inventors have conducted intensive studies. As a result, by adding a protein deamidase to the milk raw material or liquid ice cream mix used for the production of ice creams and deamidating the milk protein in the milk raw material, the resulting ice cream is concentrated. It was found that a body feeling and a smooth texture can be imparted, and furthermore, it has been found that ice creams having good texture and physical properties can be provided even if fat is reduced, and the present invention has been completed. It was. That is, the present invention is as follows. (1) A method for producing ice cream characterized by adding a protein deamidase to a milk raw material or a liquid ice cream mix.
- the ice creams of the present invention are ice creams stipulated by ministerial ordinances regarding milk and dairy product ingredient standards of the Food Sanitation Law. In other words, it is a product obtained by processing milk or a food produced using these as raw materials, or by freezing a product made from the main raw materials, and containing milk solid content of 3.0% or more (excluding fermented milk). Specific examples include ice cream, ice milk, and lacto ice.
- ice creams are homogenized (ice cream mix) prepared by mixing and dissolving raw materials such as milk, dairy products, sugars, fats, eggs, emulsifiers, stabilizers, flavoring agents, and coloring agents. It is manufactured through a process of sterilizing, cooling and temporarily holding at 0 to 5 ° C. called aging.
- the method for producing ice creams of the present invention comprises deamidation of milk protein in a milk raw material by adding a protein deamidase to a milk raw material such as milk, concentrated milk, whole milk powder, skim milk, skim milk powder, etc. It is a feature.
- a protein deamidase is allowed to act on a liquid ice cream mix prepared by adding ingredients such as sugars and emulsifiers to the milk ingredients and mixing and dissolving them, thereby deamidating the milk proteins in the ice cream mix It can also be manufactured by a method of applying treatment.
- the ice cream mix means a mixture containing milk, dairy products (cream, butter, condensed milk, powdered milk, etc.), sugars (sugar, etc.), stabilizers, emulsifiers, fragrances, and coloring agents.
- the whey protein is separately added to the ice cream mix containing the milk raw material to which the protein deamidase treatment has been added in advance or the ice cream mix to which the protein deamidase has been added.
- the protein deamidase may be added after the whey protein is added to the ice cream mix before the protein deamidase is added.
- the timing of adding the whey protein to the ice cream mix is not particularly limited. For example, it is convenient to prepare an ice cream mix by mixing and dissolving raw materials such as milk raw materials, sugars, and emulsifiers.
- the whey protein used includes whey protein concentrate (WPC), whey protein isolate (WPI), and the like, and the amount added is preferably 0.1 to 3%, more preferably 0.2% to the ice cream mix. ⁇ 2% is suitable.
- stabilizers such as thickeners, gelling agents, pastes, emulsifiers such as egg yolk, glycerin monofatty acid esters, sucrose and glycerin esters of fatty acids, and coloring agents as necessary. Flavors and the like may be added.
- the type of protein deamidase in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it directly acts on the amide group of the protein and has a deamidating action without peptide bond cleavage and protein cross-linking.
- Examples of such enzymes include chryseobacteria disclosed in JP 2000-50887 ⁇ Reference 1>, JP 2001-21850 ⁇ Reference 2>, and WO 2006/075752 ⁇ Reference 3>.
- protein deamidase derived from the genus Aum Flavobacterium or Empedobacter, commercially available protein glutaminase derived from the genus Chryseobacterium, it is not particularly limited thereto.
- an enzyme derived from the genus Chryseobacterium is selected.
- transglutaminase is allowed to act on a food material, a protein cross-linking reaction occurs preferentially and a deamidation reaction hardly occurs. Therefore, transglutaminase is not included in the protein deamidase in the present invention. Note that the contents of the above references 1 to 3 are incorporated herein by reference.
- the protein deamidase one prepared from a culture solution of a microorganism that produces protein deamidase can be used.
- known protein separation and purification methods centrifugation, UF concentration, Salting out, various chromatography using ion exchange resin, etc.
- the target enzyme can be obtained by centrifuging the culture solution to remove the cells and then combining salting out, chromatography, and the like.
- the microbial cell is crushed by pressure treatment, ultrasonic treatment, etc., and then separated and purified in the same manner as described above to obtain the target enzyme.
- the enzyme may be pulverized by a drying method such as lyophilization or reduced pressure drying, and an appropriate excipient or drying aid may be used at that time.
- the activity of protein deamidase is measured by the following method. (1) 0.1 ml of an aqueous solution containing a protein deamidase is added to 1 ml of 0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) containing 30 mM Z-Gln-Gly, and incubated at 37 ° C. for 10 minutes. The reaction is stopped by adding 1 ml of 4M TCA solution. As a blank, 0.1 ml of an aqueous solution containing protein deamidase was added to 1 ml of 0.2 M phosphate buffer (pH 6.5) containing 30 mM Z-Gln-Gly and 1 ml of 0.4 M TCA solution.
- two methods for allowing protein deamidase to act are described.
- One is to dissolve and prepare a solution containing milk raw materials such as milk and skim milk so that the milk protein content is 0.1 to 7.0% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 6.0% by weight.
- This is a method of allowing protein deamidase to act (preincubation method).
- the other is a method (deamidation milk protein addition method) in which deamidation milk protein previously modified with protein deamidase is redissolved in an aqueous phase.
- protein deamidase is allowed to act on a solution containing milk raw materials such as milk to prepare deamidated milk protein, and then the solution itself or dried / powdered product is hydrated or concentrated to deamidated protein
- a solution is prepared so that the content is 0.1 to 7.0% by weight, preferably 0.5 to 6.0% by weight.
- the enzyme may be appropriately deactivated by heating at 75 ° C. or higher.
- the enzyme reaction is preferably performed so that the milk protein deamidation rate in the milk raw material is 68% or more, that is, 68% to 100%, and the enzyme reaction conditions (The amount of enzyme, reaction time, temperature, pH of the reaction solution, etc.) may be appropriately set so that the deamidation rate of the milk protein in the milk raw material mixture is within an appropriate range. A higher deamidation rate is preferable. When the deamidation rate is less than 68%, there is a tendency that a sufficient texture improvement effect for ice creams cannot be obtained with a decrease in the deamidation rate.
- the reaction time may be lengthened, but the amount of general protein deamidase added is preferably 0.01 to 100 units per gram of milk protein (dry matter weight). 1 to 25 units are more preferred.
- the preferred reaction temperature is 5 to 75 ° C, more preferably 5 to 60 ° C.
- the pH of the preferred reaction solution is 2 to 10, more preferably 4 to 8.
- the preferred reaction time is 10 seconds to 48 hours, more preferably 10 minutes to 24 hours.
- the deamidation rate in the present invention indicates how much a deamidation reaction is caused by a protein deamidase on a glutamine residue in a milk protein of a solution containing a milk raw material.
- the state in which all the glutamine of protein in the milk raw material mixture is deamidated is defined as 100%.
- the deamidation reaction reaches saturation, so the maximum reaction amount (ammonia amount) showing a deamidation rate of 100%. Can be requested. That is, the deamidation rate is obtained from the following equation.
- Deamidation rate (%) [Ammonia amount generated when protein deamidase is reacted with milk raw material mixture] ⁇ [15 units of enzyme per gram of milk protein are added to the same milk raw material mixture at 55 ° C. Amount of ammonia produced when the reaction was performed for 1 hour] ⁇ 100
- the amount of ammonia generated by the deamidation reaction can be measured with a commercially available ammonia measurement kit.
- the enzyme reaction is stopped by adding an equal amount of 12% TCA to a milk raw material mixture (in the case of a preincubation method) or a milk protein solution (in the case of a deamidated milk protein addition method), followed by centrifugation (12
- the amount of ammonia in the supernatant obtained at 5,000 rpm, 5 ° C., 5 minutes) is measured using F-kit (Roche).
- the ammonia concentration in the supernatant is obtained from a calibration curve showing the relationship between the ammonia concentration and the amount of change in absorbance (340 nm) prepared using the ammonia standard solution attached to F-kit, and from this, the milk raw material mixture or milk protein is obtained. Determine the amount of ammonia in the solution. In addition, what is necessary is just to measure similarly after diluting suitably with water, when it remove
- the ice creams of the present invention after aging the ice cream mix containing the milk raw material subjected to the protein deamidase treatment or the ice cream mix subjected to the protein deamidase treatment, if necessary
- the product is filled into a container through a process called freezing. Freezing is performed for the purpose of uniformly distributing the solid, gas, and liquid phases, freezing moisture in the mix, obtaining a moderate overrun in the mix. Overrun is the percentage of the air content with respect to the mix capacity, and is an index for judging quality.
- physical properties such as overrun can be improved.
- the low-fat ice cream of the present invention has a fat content of 3% to 8%, but the fat content in ice cream can be measured by a conventional method.
- Protein deamidase 500 U / g derived from Chryseobacterium genus; hereinafter abbreviated as PG was used as the protein deamidase.
- the deamidation rates of milk prepared by enzyme treatment were 34%, 68% and 100%, respectively.
- An ice cream mix was prepared with the formulation shown in Table 1.
- sweetened egg yolk (“York rate LM” Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd.), granulated sugar, skim milk powder (Yotsuba Dairy Co., Ltd.), glucose fructose liquid sugar (“Hyfructoca 55” Kato Chemical Co., Ltd.) ("Pure Fresh Cream 47" Takanashi Dairy Co., Ltd.), milk deamidated by PG treatment in this order, stirred for 1 minute with Barmix (Bamix), swollen for 30 minutes at room temperature, Sterilized in boiling water at 85 ° C. for 1 minute and immediately cooled with ice water. The amount of water evaporated by heat sterilization is corrected and T.M.
- the mixture was homogenized at 10,000 rpm for 5 minutes with K Robotics (Special Machine Industries Co., Ltd.), and after cooling, aged in a refrigerator (overnight).
- the aged ice cream mix was filled in an ice creamer (Hypertron HTF-6 ⁇ FMI) over 20 minutes, filled in a container, and cured in a freezer ( ⁇ 18 ° C. or lower) to have a fat content of 5.5%.
- a low fat ice cream was obtained.
- low fat ice cream was prepared by the same method using untreated milk to which no enzyme was added as a control product. Further, as a target product, a full fat ice cream having a fat content of 13.4% was prepared in the same manner.
- Table 3 shows the result of measuring the overrun (%).
- the overrun tended to be slightly higher in the low-fat ice cream than the full-fat ice cream, and the overruns of the products 1 and 2 of the present invention further exceeded the value of the control product.
- the overrun of comparative product 1 was not significantly different from the control product.
- the color difference (L, a * , b * value) of the ice cream was measured with a color difference meter (Minolta Camera Co., Ltd. CR-300). Of these, attention was paid to the b * value indicating the intensity of yellow having a difference in appearance. The results are shown in Table 4.
- the control product will decrease the b * value than the target product, but yellow tended weaken and b * values increase as the PG processing degree is high.
- products 1 and 2 it was also observed visually that the yellowish color tone was approaching the target product.
- the ice cream using the milk having a deamidation rate of 68% or more gives a smooth and rich texture, and further has physical properties such as overrun and color tone. was also confirmed to improve.
- whey protein As an existing ice cream texture improving material, whey protein is known. As a comparative product, instead of reducing the milk addition ratio by 1.5%, whey protein concentrate “Bipro” (manufactured by DAVISCO) was added by 1.5%, and a low-fat ice cream was produced in the same manner as in Example 1. (Comparative product 2). Table 5 shows the results of sensory evaluation, overrun measurement, and b * value measurement, and comments made during sensory evaluation. Comparative product 2 had a body-like texture and a smooth texture as in the present invention product 2, but had a whey-specific flavor. On the other hand, the product 2 of the present invention is advantageous in that not only the texture is improved, but also the taste and flavor are hardly affected. Moreover, it was shown that the product 2 of the present invention is superior to that prepared using the whey protein material from the viewpoint of improvement of overrun and color tone (yellow strength).
- Example 1 using milk deamidated with PG, the total fat (milk fat 13.4%), milk fat 20% reduction (milk fat 10.1%), milk fat 40% reduction (milk fat 8.1) %), 60% milk fat reduction (5.5% milk fat) ice cream mix was prepared and mixed, swollen, sterilized, homogenized, aged, frozen, filled and cured in the same manner as in Example 1. Ice creams were obtained (invention products 2 to 5, respectively). Similarly, using untreated milk, prepare a full fat ice cream with 13.4% milk fat (target product) and an ice cream with 5.5% milk fat content (60% milk fat reduction) (control product). did.
- ice cream mixes with 20% milk fat reduction (10.1% milk fat) and 40% milk fat reduction (8.1% milk fat) were prepared, and ice creams were similarly obtained (compared to each other). Products 3, 4). In addition, all the proteins in ice cream were made into a fixed 4.6%.
- evaluation was performed by six skilled panels. The evaluation was performed on “smooth and rich texture” by scoring the points at which the products 2 to 5 of the present invention and the comparative products 3 and 4 are positioned, with 5 target products and 1 control product. Table 7 shows the average value of 6 persons.
- ice creams prepared using milk deamidated with PG Products 2 to 5 of the present invention
- the evaluation score was higher than (control product, target product, comparative products 3 and 4).
- the “smooth and rich texture” was almost the same as that of the target product.
- the inventive product 2 with 60% reduction in fat is also close to the texture of the target product, which is the same result as in Example 1.
- an ice cream with different fat content prepared using milk deamidated with PG can impart a texture that further increases the fat content.
- the b * values were larger than those of the target product, the comparative products 3 and 4 and the control product, respectively.
- ice cream was prepared as follows. First, 10 U of PG (Amano Enzyme) per gram of protein in milk was added to commercially available full fat milk (Magokoro Dairy 3.6 Milk Takanashi Dairy Co., Ltd.) and reacted at 55 ° C. for 60 minutes for 100 minutes. % Milk was prepared. In addition to the milk and other basic ingredients (see Table 1), ice cream mix containing 0.5% whey protein concentrate “Bipro” (manufactured by DAVISCO) was mixed and swollen in the same manner as in Example 1.
- ⁇ Sensory evaluation was performed by five skilled panels. The evaluation was performed for “smooth and rich texture” by scoring where the products 6 and 7 of the present invention are located, with the target product +3 points and the control product ⁇ 3 points, and calculating the average of 5 people. . As shown in Table 9, the product 6 of the present invention had a smooth and rich texture that was almost equal to the target product. In other words, the addition of 0.5% whey protein concentrate to milk deamidated by PG increases the effect of improving the crisp texture typical of low-fat ice cream as a control product, and is equivalent to full-fat ice cream It was confirmed that the food with the texture was obtained.
- the ice cream prepared as a comparative product that is, the comparative product 5 to which untreated milk and whey protein concentrate 0.5% were added, could not sufficiently impart a smooth and rich texture.
- the product 7 of the present invention prepared by allowing PG to act on the whole ice cream mix was also close to the target product in terms of smooth and rich texture.
- the target to be PG-treated is not limited to milk, that is, a texture close to the target product can be obtained by deamidating milk, skim milk powder, and egg yolk protein in the mix with PG. .
- the overrun was the products 6 and 7 of the present invention, and the target product, the control product, and the comparative product 5 were all. Further, the b * values of the present invention products 6 and 7 were clearly higher than those of the control product and the comparative product 5, and it was confirmed that they were approaching the target product.
- the present invention not only a smooth and rich texture can be imparted to ice creams, but also physical properties (overrun and color tone) can be improved. Furthermore, even in the case of fat-reducing ice creams, the quality can be improved. Therefore, the present invention is extremely useful in the food field.
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、日本国特許出願:特願2010-081175号(2010年3月31日出願)の優先権主張に基づくものであり、同出願の全記載内容は引用をもって本書に組み込み記載されているものとする。
本発明は、アイスクリーム類及びその製造法に関する。より詳しくは、濃厚なボディ感、滑らかな食感の付与されたアイスクリーム類、オーバーランや色調など物性の改善されたアイスクリーム類の製造法に関する。
以下の分析は、本発明によってなされたものである。
しかしながら、デキストリンなどの澱粉分解物は、低温下での安定性が低く、長期保存するとざらつきや粉っぽさが生じるだけでなく、コク味、風味の劣化等の品質低下を招き、十分な脂肪代替効果が感じられない。また、変性乳清タンパク質は、熱等の変性処理が行われている点で食品成分に左右されず食品に滑らかさやクリーミーさを付与できる一方で、ホエー特有の臭い・風味が食品に影響を与えてしまい、更に脂肪特有の濃厚感付与を目的として添加量を増やすと粘度が上昇し、作業上の不便さがあった。その上、熱変性乳清タンパク質自体のコスト面での課題もある。また、化工澱粉を乳製品に配合した場合、保水性の向上、食感的には濃厚感の付与等の効果があるものの、十分な保形性が得られないこと、糊的な食感が強く口どけ感が悪くなること、およびフレーバーリリースが低下すること等の問題がある。一方、多糖類を乳製品に配合した場合、保形性の向上、口どけ感の改良効果があるものの、脂肪様の濃厚感が満足に得られない等の問題がある。
(1)乳原料又は液状アイスクリームミックスにタンパク質脱アミド酵素を添加作用させることを特徴とするアイスクリーム類の製造方法。
(2)タンパク質脱アミド酵素を添加作用させた乳原料又は液状アイスクリームミックス中の乳タンパク質の脱アミド化率が68%~100%である(1)記載の方法。
(3)液状アイスクリームミックスに対し、ホエー蛋白質を0.1~3%添加混合することを特徴とする(1)又は(2)記載の方法。
(4)(1)乃至(3)記載の何れかの方法で製造されたアイスクリーム類。
(5)(1)乃至(3)記載の何れかの方法で製造された、脂肪含量が3~8%である低脂肪アイスクリーム類。
(1)30mM Z-Gln-Glyを含む0.2Mリン酸バッファー(pH6.5)1mlにタンパク質脱アミド酵素を含む水溶液0.1mlを添加して、37℃、10分間インキュベートした後、0.4M TCA溶液を1ml加えて反応を停止させる。ブランクとして、30mM Z-Gln-Glyを含む0.2Mリン酸バッファー(pH6.5)1mlと0.4M TCA溶液を1ml加えたものに、タンパク質脱アミド酵素を含む水溶液0.1mlを添加して、37℃で10分間インキュベートしたものを調製する。
(2)(1)で得られた溶液についてアンモニアテストワコー(和光純薬)を用い、反応により生じたアンモニア量の測定を行う。アンモニア標準液(塩化アンモニウム)を用いて作成したアンモニア濃度と吸光度(630nm)の関係を表す検量線より、反応液中のアンモニア濃度を求める。
(3)タンパク質脱アミド酵素の活性は、1分間に1μmolのアンモニアを生成する酵素量を1単位とし、以下の式から算出する。
酵素活性(u/mL)=反応液中のアンモニア濃度(mg/L)×(1/17.03)×(反応液量/酵素溶液量)×(1/10)×Df
(17.03:アンモニアの分子量 2.1:酵素反応系の液量 0.1:酵素溶液量 10:反応時間 Df:酵素溶液の希釈倍数)
脱アミド化率(%)=[乳原料混合液にタンパク質脱アミド酵素を反応させた際に生じたアンモニア量]÷[同じ乳原料混合液に酵素を乳タンパク質1gあたり15ユニット添加し、55℃で1時間反応させた際に生じたアンモニア量]×100
脂肪40%減の本発明品5では、「滑らかで濃厚な食感」が目標品とほぼ同等、脂肪20%減および全脂肪の本発明品3および4では目標品を上回った。脂肪60%減の本発明品2においても、目標品の食感に近づいており、これは実施例1と一致する結果となった。このように、PGにより脱アミドされた牛乳を用いて調製した脂肪含量の異なるアイスクリームでは、脂肪含量を更に増加させたような食感を付与できることがわかった。また、本発明品2~5では、目標品、比較品3、4、そして対照品よりもそれぞれb*値が大きく、黄色味が強まる傾向がここでも確認された。
Claims (5)
- 乳原料又は液状アイスクリームミックスにタンパク質脱アミド酵素を添加作用させることを特徴とするアイスクリーム類の製造方法。
- タンパク質脱アミド酵素を添加作用させた乳原料又は液状アイスクリームミックス中の乳タンパク質の脱アミド化率が68%~100%である請求項1記載の方法。
- 液状アイスクリームミックスに対し、ホエー蛋白質を0.1~3%添加混合することを特徴とする請求項1又は2記載の方法。
- 請求項1乃至3記載の何れかの方法で製造されたアイスクリーム類。
- 請求項1乃至3記載の何れかの方法で製造された、脂肪含量が3~8%である低脂肪アイスクリーム類。
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CA2791521A CA2791521C (en) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | Ice cream or ice cream-like product and method for producing same |
KR1020127028436A KR101780453B1 (ko) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 아이스크림류 및 이의 제조 방법 |
CN201180016957XA CN102811626A (zh) | 2010-03-31 | 2011-03-31 | 冰淇淋类及其制造方法 |
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US20150257403A1 (en) * | 2012-08-10 | 2015-09-17 | Nestec S.A. | Oil-in-water emulsion comprising deamidated protein |
DK3130671T3 (da) | 2014-03-07 | 2019-05-27 | Ajinomoto Kk | Ny proteindeamidase |
GB2596556A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-05 | Iconi Ltd | Frozen aerated confection |
WO2023150033A1 (en) * | 2022-02-02 | 2023-08-10 | Corn Products Development, Inc. | Edible compositions comprising deamidated legume protein isolates |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101780453B1 (ko) | 2017-09-21 |
JPWO2011125826A1 (ja) | 2013-07-11 |
CA2791521A1 (en) | 2011-10-13 |
BR112012020502B1 (pt) | 2018-04-03 |
US20130022710A1 (en) | 2013-01-24 |
BR112012020502A2 (pt) | 2015-09-01 |
EP2554053A1 (en) | 2013-02-06 |
CA2791521C (en) | 2020-08-18 |
JP5865834B2 (ja) | 2016-02-17 |
ES2553388T3 (es) | 2015-12-09 |
MY162357A (en) | 2017-06-15 |
EP2554053A4 (en) | 2015-02-18 |
MX2012011366A (es) | 2012-11-30 |
KR20130054256A (ko) | 2013-05-24 |
CN102811626A (zh) | 2012-12-05 |
EP2554053B1 (en) | 2015-10-14 |
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